[Congressional Record Volume 150, Number 65 (Tuesday, May 11, 2004)]
[House]
[Pages H2788-H2797]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ASIAN PACIFIC AMERICAN HERITAGE MONTH
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 7, 2003, the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda) is
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.
General Leave
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members have
5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their remarks on
the subject of my Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from California?
There was no objection.
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize the Asian American
and Pacific Islander community and commemorate Asian Pacific American
Heritage Month.
Before I begin, I would like to recognize the gentleman from Oregon
(Mr. Wu) former chair of the Congressional Asian Pacific American
Caucus, or better known as CAPAC, for his leadership, as well as the
current vice chair of the caucus, the gentleman from American Samoa
(Mr. Faleomavaega).
As chair of CAPAC, I am proud to stand here to honor the
accomplishments and diversity of the Asian American and Pacific
Islander community. In 1978, my good friend Norman Mineta and
Representative Frank Horton from New York, along with Hawaii's Senators
Daniel Inouye and Spark Matsunaga, first introduced the first
resolution establishing Asian Pacific American Heritage Week to
recognize the ongoing contributions to our Nation of the API
population.
The first 10 days of May were chosen to coincide with two important
anniversaries, the arrival in the United States of the first Japanese
immigrants on May 7, 1843, and the completion of the transcontinental
railroad on May 10, 1869. In 1992, the month of May was designated as
Asian Pacific Heritage Month. I take great pride to see the celebration
of our community expand from 10 days to a month.
For centuries, America has been enriched by our diverse and rapidly
growing API communities and by the contributions that Native Hawaiians,
Chamorros, and Samoans have made in their ancestral homelands. The
first API settlement in this country dates to 1763, when Filipinos
escaped imprisonment aboard Spanish galleons and established a
community near New Orleans. Chinese and Japanese immigrants, likewise,
started communities in Hawaii and California, where they sought labor
and agricultural opportunities.
From the time of these settlements, APIs have experienced dual
currents of discrimination and assimilation. In the difficult times,
APIs were singled out for persecution by such acts as the Exclusion
Laws of 1882 and 1924, and the Alien Land Act of 1913, which prohibited
API property ownership.
This year, 2004, marks the 62nd-year anniversary of President
Franklin D. Roosevelt's signing of Executive Order 9066 on February 19,
1942. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066,
pursuant to which 120,000 Japanese Americans and legal resident aliens
were incarcerated in internment camps during World War II. Many of
these families lost their property and possessions during the several
years they were jailed behind barbed wires.
In order to learn the important lessons from our own history, I
sponsored House Resolution 56, which sets aside a ``Day of
Remembrance'' in memory of the relocation and internment policies of
World War II. This year, House Resolution 56 was passed due to the
support from my fellow colleagues here in Congress and support from
community groups throughout the country.
I realize we need to learn from our own history. It is more important
than ever to speak up against unjust policies. Also it is more
important than ever to educate Americans of the Japanese American
experience during World War II, as well as the experience of other
groups, like Japanese Latin Americans and certain German and Italian
Americans. We must remember that the decision to issue the order was
shaped by racial prejudice, war hysteria, and a failure of political
leadership.
At the newly opened Manzanar National Historic Site Interpretive
Center at the Manzanar War Relocation Center, we have the opportunity
to explore our past and reflect. Additionally, these past few days, the
Enemy Alien Files Consortium has set up their exhibit in the Rayburn
foyer. This traveling exhibition, featuring photographs, objects,
documents, artifacts, art forms and oral history excerpts examines the
little-known history of Italian, German, and Japanese immigrants in the
U.S. and from Latin
[[Page H2789]]
America who were classified as enemy aliens during World War II.
Over 31,000 of these enemy aliens were apprehended, detained, and
thousands interned based on suspicion and the potential dangerousness
they posed to the U.S. national security. The internees were held
without charges for indefinite duration and without trial. These
internees, including many American-born children and spouses,
languished in Army and Department of Justice camps throughout the USA.
Mr. Speaker, I would like to now yield to the gentlewoman from
California (Ms. Linda Sanchez) to speak to this particular item.
Ms. LINDA T. SANCHEZ of California. Mr. Speaker, I thank my
colleague, the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda) for all of his
leadership.
Today, I am proud to join him and to join Asian Pacific Americans in
commemorating the 27th anniversary of APA Heritage Month. This month
allows us to recognize the tremendous contributions the Asian Pacific
American community has made to our State and to our Nation.
It is fitting, then, to remind others of important APA legislation.
For instance, H.R. 677, the Filipino Veterans Equity Act, which would
provide U.S. veterans benefits to World War II veterans of the
organized military forces of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and
the Philippine Scouts who fought for the U.S. and its allies. These
veterans deserve to be recognized for the service they provided to our
Nation in a time of need.
It is also a good time to bring attention to H.R. 333, which would
amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to authorize grants for higher
education institutions serving Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders.
This important bill would open doors for many underserved APA
communities.
I am extremely proud my home State of California has the largest
Asian American population of any State in America, and I am also
extremely proud to represent a region of Los Angeles County that
includes many members of the Asian Pacific American community. The
diversity represented by the different APA communities of our region is
a source of strength in our local economy, our culture, and the
education we can provide our children.
Asian Pacific Americans are contributing to every aspect of American
life, from business and government to sports, science, research and the
arts. I am proud that the political landscape in my district reflects
this diversity.
I want to take two seconds to recognize two important female city
councilwomen in my district from the APA community: Laura Lee, of the
City of Cerritos, and Michiko Oyama, of the Hawaiian Gardens City
Council. They are pioneers in California's 39th District. They are
smart, tough, compassionate leaders and great role models for all
Americans.
As we recognize the many contributions of the Asian Pacific American
community during this month, let us also celebrate where the APA
community is going and the future impact it will have on our country. I
urge all Americans to remember their important contributions to our
country not only today but every day. The Asian Pacific American
community, like the many diverse immigrant communities in this country,
makes our country richer and stronger, and to them I am grateful.
{time} 2100
Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to acknowledge the good work of
the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda), who has done an outstanding
job in representing the concerns of the Asian Pacific Islander
community. I was very proud to have the gentleman be part of a very
instrumental conference that we held in Los Angeles on health care
access. It was a tricaucus effort, and it was the first time the
Hispanic Caucus, the Black Caucus, and the Asian Caucus came together
in Los Angeles and started to talk about the health care disparities
that affect our communities. It has been a pleasure working with the
gentleman here in the House; and as a former colleague in the State
Assembly in Sacramento, California, I had the pleasure of working with
the gentleman there. He continues to shine a bright light here in the
House, reflecting all the concerns and needs and issues that we need to
pay close attention to.
As a Member representing the 32nd Congressional District, which I
believe is the second largest community concentration of Asian Pacific
Islanders, there are over 120,000 individuals who represent various
Asian communities that live in my district, I have been very, very
blessed to represent them for the past several years in any capacity as
assembly woman, a State senator, and now as their Congressperson.
I want to tell Members how important it is to help build leadership
amongst our community there. I am proud to represent one of the cities
which is 70 percent Asian, Monterey Park, known as Little Taipei, which
has one of the few city councils which has a majority of Asians.
One of the first assemblywomen came out from Monterey Park City
Council, and that is the Honorable Judy Choo, who now serves on the
very powerful appropriations committee in the State of California. I am
proud to be a part of her accomplishments also in our district.
I want to say also it is very important to be reminded of the many
contributions that Asian Americans have made. I am proud that now that
my district has been somewhat redistricted, even in new parts of my
district, for example in a city known as West Covina, that the Asian
population there grew from 4 percent in 1980 to now 23 percent. We have
a very distinguished councilman who sits on that city council, and that
is Ben Wong, who is also representing our interests very well there,
and someone who has been very politically active in making sure that
diversity is encompassed and embraced by everyone.
That is why I have a particular joy in being here tonight to help
promote the contributions that this community has made in so many ways,
and so much is not reported in our history books. I had the pleasure of
visiting just a few weeks ago some gentlemen who were actually
represented in one of the major battlefields that we were involved in
World War II, and these were the Japanese Americans that served in the
Armed Forces as a part of the 442nd Infantry Regimental Combat Team.
There was still two or three of my members alive in my district. I was
very proud that we could present them with their awards and honors and
pay tribute to what they bring to our history here that often goes
unreported.
As I close my comments, I want to thank our colleagues here that
represent a part of the Asian Caucus, and they are so open and willing
that even myself, as a member of the Hispanic community, is welcomed as
a member in that caucus. I feel very privileged to continue to work
with them to see that our issues are in the forefront here in Congress,
and that we represent the interests and needs of all of our
communities. I thank the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda).
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I would like to say to the gentlewoman, in
spite of the growth of the Asian American communities, rather than feel
threatened, the gentlewoman embraces them; and I think that is why the
gentlewoman has been such a welcomed leader for political leadership in
our country.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Guam (Ms. Bordallo).
Ms. BORDALLO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in honor of Asian Pacific
American Heritage Month and to recognize the great contributions of
Asian and Pacific Island Americans to our Nation. I, too, as the
previous speaker said, am very proud to represent the territory of Guam
in the Pacific, and I want to thank the gentleman from California (Mr.
Honda), the chairman, for his sterling leadership. Ever since I have
come to Congress, I have noted he is out there working hard for the
Asian Pacific recipients and the representatives from the various
areas, as has the gentleman from American Samoa (Mr. Faleomavaega), the
vice chair of the Asian Pacific American Caucus. I thank them for their
efforts on behalf of our communities.
Asian and Pacific Islanders are contributing in every aspect of
American life, from business to education, government, public
relations, the military, sports, entertainment and the arts. In each of
these professions, we find prominent Asian and Pacific Islander
Americans making their mark. The late congresswoman, Mrs. Patsy Mink,
was a champion of women's rights and
[[Page H2790]]
a leader in social justice who worked tirelessly to provide opportunity
to the poor and disenfranchised. Today her legacy lives on and inspires
many to remain strong in their convictions.
With her award-winning book, ``A Single Shard,'' children's author
and Korean American, Linda Sue Park, has instilled important lessons of
honesty, integrity, hard work, and perseverance in millions of
children.
My predecessors, the Congressmen Antonio Won Pat, Ben Blaz, and
Robert Underwood, faithfully served the people of Guam; and they have
served as an inspiration to a generation of Chamorros.
Our communities have embraced America as our new homeland, and our
unique cultures have survived and continued to thrive because America
has come to know and appreciate how our contributions have enriched our
Nation.
Today, as we celebrate ``Freedom For All, a Nation We Call Our Own,''
and as our military operations to win the war against terrorism
continue to hold national attention, we are reminded of the sacrifices
made to ensure our freedom. No one can doubt the patriotism of Asians
and Pacific Islanders who have served this country with pride and
distinction, and many without the benefit of citizenship.
Let us honor the 21 Asian American World War II veterans from the
100th Infantry Battalion and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team who were
awarded the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism and bravery on the
battlefield.
I especially want to remember those who have given their lives to
protect our freedom, including Army Specialist Christopher Wesley,
Lieutenant Michael Vega, and Sergeant Eddie Chen, soldiers from Guam
who were killed in Iraq. We are saddened by their deaths, but their
courage is an inspiration to all of us.
This year the people of Guam will be commemorating the 60th
anniversary of our liberation from enemy occupation by U.S. Armed
Forces during World War II. As the only American territory with a
civilian population occupied by the enemy during World War II, they
risked their lives to protect American soldiers from capture and
endured great hardship and suffering. I want to recognize the people of
Guam for their steadfast loyalty during these trying times.
As we celebrate Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, let us
remember and honor all of the contributions of Asian Pacific Islanders.
Let us appreciate the cultural diversity, the patriotism, and the
communities that make our Nation so great.
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from Guam for raising
the profile of Guamanians in the history and the patriotism of this
country.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lee),
the Congresswoman from Oakland.
Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, first let me just say tonight that I also rise
to celebrate Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, which commemorates
the significant contributions of Asian Pacific Americans throughout our
country's history.
I would just like to take a moment and especially thank the gentleman
from California (Mr. Honda), the leader of our Asian Pacific American
Caucus, for organizing this Special Order this evening and also for the
gentleman's consistent leadership on so many issues which affect not
only the Asian Pacific American community, but the entire country and
the entire world. I thank the gentleman for his leadership and for
making sure that we stay on point.
Let me say tonight that I, too, honor the memory and the legacy of a
very good friend, a great woman who left this Earth much, much too
soon, the first woman of color to serve in the House of
Representatives, our great sister, Congresswoman Patsy Takemoto Mink.
She made such an impact in this body, and tonight as we celebrate Asian
Pacific American Heritage Month, I want to just remind us of Patsy's
great legacy.
Also, I would like to recognize the contributions of Asian Pacific
Americans in my district, the 9th Congressional District of California,
the East Bay of Northern California, and really commend everyone for
their dedicated service and vision in making life better for those in
our community and our Nation.
Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have long played a crucial role
in the life and the history of the East Bay. The region's identity has
been profoundly shaped by its place on the Pacific Rim. However, today
Asian Pacific Americans still face a wide variety of challenges,
including access to educational opportunities and community resources.
I specifically want to talk about three great organizations in my own
district that are working to strip down the language and educational
barriers that isolate far too many Asian Americans and Pacific
Islanders today. They are the Asian Immigrant Women Advocates, Oakland
Asian Students Educational Services, and Asian Health Services.
First, the Asian Immigrant Women Advocates has been providing
resources to low-income Asian immigrant women workers for over 20
years. They work with women workers employed in the garment industry,
in hotels, in restaurants, and other low-wage industries in the Bay
Area. Every day they stimulate positive change and empower
disenfranchised women through education, leadership development, and
collective action so they can fight for dignity and justice in their
working place and for enhanced and more rational, fairer, and more
equitable living conditions.
Secondly, the Oakland Asian Students Educational Services motivates
youth who have limited access to maximize their potential through
education and social support. OASES provides personalized academic
support and enrichment programs for youth from the first grade through
their high school graduations. Through OASES, students take technology
classes to gain computer skills and are tutored in areas such as math,
science and, social studies. Recent young immigrants who face
linguistic and social barriers in their schools can also receive
language support. With so many social, educational, and economic
challenges, health and access to quality care is also a major concern.
Now the four leading causes of death among Asian Americans and
Pacific Islander women are cancer, heart disease, stroke, and
unintentional injuries. That is why the work of the third organization
that I would like to highlight tonight, the East Bay Consortium of
Health Care Centers, their work is critical, especially as being part
of the Asian Health Services.
Asian Health Services is a comprehensive community health center that
provides medical care, health education, insurance counseling, and
client advocacy to the underserved Asian and Pacific Islander
population in Alameda County. Serving the community since 1974, they
now provide medical services to 15,000 patients annually. Their staff
of 150, which includes 18 doctors and physician assistants and 23
nurses, is bilingual in nine languages. In addition to providing high-
quality health care, AHS is home to the Language and Cultural Access
program, a medical interpretation and translation service, and
Community Voices for Immigrant Health, a health policy development
program.
As Members may know, recent immigrants face many obstacles today.
Organizations like these help their clients to conquer these barriers.
I want to salute them tonight for their achievements and congratulate
them for a job well done and a job that continues to soar on behalf of
our community.
{time} 2115
In addition, as part of Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, I
believe that it is also very important to celebrate the accomplishments
of prominent Asian American leaders in our community. Let me just
recognize Oakland City Council members Jean Quan and Henry Chang and
Danny Wan. Also our supervisor, Alice Lai Bitker and one of the most
powerful persons in the California legislature, our majority leader
Wilma Chan. They work daily to enhance the quality of life for Asian
Americans and Pacific Islanders, also for our entire community, the
States and the entire Nation. For this, I am deeply grateful.
Finally, I want to recognize a hero for many of us, someone who has
profoundly affected the lives of all Americans, Professor Ronald
Takaki. Professor Takaki is a foremost thinker in
[[Page H2791]]
the field of multicultural education and ethnic studies. He has been a
professor in Asian American studies at the University of California
Berkeley for more than 30 years. His research and teaching have shed
light on the vast contributions that Asian Americans have made to the
history, to the culture, and to the achievements of our country.
Professor Takaki believes that the study of multiculturalism results
in a more accurate understanding of who we are as Americans. The
grandson of Japanese immigrants to Hawaii, Professor Takaki cites the
moral vision of Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement
as the stimulus for his study of race in America. Since then, much of
the core curriculum in ethnic studies has grown from his own wide-
ranging original research. In 1984, he was a founder of Berkeley's
Ph.D. program in ethnic studies, the first of its kind in America.
Professor Takaki is retiring this year from the University of
California Berkeley and tonight I want to honor him for his vast
contributions to bettering our society and in championing diversity and
minority rights in our country.
Mr. Speaker, tonight in conclusion, as a proud member of the
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, I am pleased to join the
gentleman from California tonight. I want to thank him again for
organizing this Special Order. As we commemorate and as we celebrate
the crucial role that Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders have played
and continue to play in the development of this Nation, we must also
recognize at the same time the unique needs and challenges of the 13.1
million Asian Pacific Americans in the United States and work towards
supporting efforts to improve their future. I again thank the gentleman
for his leadership and his friendship.
Mr. HONDA. I thank the gentlewoman from California, and I appreciate
her sharing the work that the community-based organizations are doing
for the community in order for the members of the community to be able
to access and be full participants in our country.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from California (Mrs.
Napolitano), another great leader.
Mrs. NAPOLITANO. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague and dear friend,
the gentleman from California. I rise to honor, recognize, and
celebrate Asian Pacific American Heritage Month and thank my friend for
making us aware that all of us are immigrants to the United States and
that we need to work together to be able to forge a better partnership
for the betterment of the whole of the United States.
I have the privilege of representing a large and diverse community of
Asian Pacific Americans in my California 38th District. As part of the
Congressional Hispanic Caucus leadership and a member of the
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, I extend my gratitude to
the gentleman from California, chair of CAPAC, for organizing this
Special Order and for bringing us together to recognize and celebrate
this very special evening.
This month, the members of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus pay
tribute to Asian Pacific Americans, especially, as we have heard, our
great deceased friend, Patsy Takemoto Mink. We also have a great leader
in the United States in Transportation Secretary Norm Mineta who has
been a great friend to all of us and made a very heavy impact in
transportation for the whole of the United States.
The last day of this month is Memorial Day. I extend my appreciation
to all Asian Pacific Americans who have died in combat and also to the
more than 60,000 Asian Pacific Americans currently on active duty in
the armed services. For over two centuries, Asian Pacific Americans
have helped to strengthen and define America. In the 1700s, Filipino
immigrants fled from Spanish oppression and settled in Louisiana. In
the mid-1800s, Chinese immigrants were actively recruited to work on
the transcontinental railroad, a vital line for early settlers in the
West. In the face of discrimination, many Chinese and Japanese workers
continued immigrating to Hawaii and California in the late 1800s to
work long hours in agriculture long before other immigrants. Despite
playing a critical role in the United States westward expansion,
believe it or not, laws were passed to exclude Asians from citizenship.
Today immigration policy is still fraught with some of the same
systemic problems and hypocrisy early Asian Pacific immigrants
encountered.
Last week the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Gutierrez) introduced H.R.
4262, an immigration reform bill that addresses the needs of the
immigrant community labor organizations and business groups. It fixes
many of the systemic problems and honors the hard work of today's
immigrants, all immigrants, including Asian Pacific Americans, provides
better security for our country and gives the framework for managing
future immigration.
I have the highest regard for the determination and entrepreneurship
and the spirit of these Asian Pacific immigrants. They have one of the
highest levels of self-employment in the U.S. It is even higher than
their American-born counterparts. America must pass an immigration
policy that respects their hard work and the jobs that they bring to
the United States.
As a community, Asian Pacific Americans have never forgotten the
struggles of those who came before us. The Tri-PAC which the Asian
Pacific American Caucus, the Hispanic Caucus, and the Congressional
Black Caucus have formed have been working together and will continue
to work together to better the very, very hard issues that face our
different communities. We have had the privilege to work with our
friends in the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, CAPAC, to
make the path smoother for those who come after us. The members of the
Congressional Hispanic Caucus look forward to continuing to work with
CAPAC on improving minority health, increasing education resources, and
working for real immigration reform for all those that need it in this
great country of ours.
Mr. HONDA. I thank the gentlewoman from California. Let me also
comment and thank her for her leadership in helping this country
understand how diverse and how colorful this country is.
Mr. Speaker, I yield to the charismatic gentleman from Hawaii (Mr.
Case).
Mr. CASE. Mr. Speaker, our country is obviously going through times
of great difficulty, but it is vital in such times that we pause to
reflect on all that is good in our country, that we reflect upon the
glue of our country, what holds us together. In that context, I am very
pleased to join the gentleman from California, a most worthy and
passionate advocate for our people, and my other colleagues on the
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus on commemorating Asian
Pacific American Heritage Month. I stand here as the proud
Representative of my Second District of Hawaii, the most ethnically
diverse district in the most ethnically diverse State of our country.
In my Hawaii, out of a total population of 1.2 million, over half are
comprised of Asian and Pacific Islanders. And so as we commemorate
Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, I want to reflect on the history
of Hawaii, not just because I am immensely proud of our history but
also because I believe very strongly that we remain a beacon for where
this country is going and what this country can be in the area of
ethnic contributions and ethnic diversity.
Of course among our country's original Pacific Islanders were and are
the indigenous peoples of Hawaii, the native Hawaiians. They came from
elsewhere in Polynesia in the early centuries A.D. and built one of the
most amazing societies that this world has ever seen. The circumstances
under which their kingdom gave way to the Republic of Hawaii remain
controversial and far reaching, the subject even today of vital
legislation to reaffirm the special relationship between our government
and native Hawaiians everywhere. But what is unquestioned is that our
indigenous peoples, like other Asians and Pacific Islanders, have seen
a remarkable and deeply moving renaissance in their own culture and
ethnic pride that has not even begun to approach its zenith.
Modern Western contact in 1778 started Hawaii on the journey to
ethnic and cultural diversity, a journey on which we are still
embarked. As our economy turned to large-scale agriculture and we saw
many foreign workers come in, we saw the Chinese come
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in beginning in 1852, Japanese in 1868, Portuguese in 1878, Puerto
Ricans in 1901, Koreans in 1904, Filipinos in 1907. Today we continue
in Hawaii to attract immigrants to our shores, including Vietnamese,
Laotians and Cambodians from southeast Asia and other Pacific Islander
groups including Tongans, Samoans, Fijians, Maori, Chamorros,
Marshallese, Palauans and other Micronesians, Polynesians and
Melanesians.
Today Hawaii's Asian and Pacific Islander community counts all of
these as valuable members of our society. My own congressional district
is home to many, including the largest number of native Hawaiian and
Filipino populations of any other district in the country. So it is no
surprise that Hawaii leads our country in interracial marriages,
including my own, where the undisputed head of my household's family
originated in the great country of Japan a century ago. More than one-
third of married couples and more than one-half of unmarried couples
are interracial. More than 50 percent of the children born in Hawaii
nowadays, including my own, are interracial. So you can see that in
Hawaii, we live Asian Pacific American Month every month. We are proud
of our API community, their contributions to our national and
international life. For example, of the 33 Asian and Pacific American
Members of Congress ever elected, seven have been from Hawaii,
including Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, Senator Daniel Ken Inouye,
Senator Hiram Leong Fong, Senator Spark Masayuki Matsunaga,
Congresswoman Patsy Takemoto Mink, Senator Daniel Kahikina Akaka and
Congresswoman Patricia Fukuda Saiki.
We have boasted a few firsts at the gubernatorial level. The first
Governor of Japanese ancestry, George Ariyoshi. The first Governor of
native Hawaiian ancestry, John Waihee. The first Governor of Filipino
ancestry, Governor Ben Cayetano. We have seen today in the halls of
Congress the incredible contributions of a patriot, Major General
Antonio Taguba, a Leilehua High grad from Hawaii and a proud member of
our Filipino community. And, of course, former General Eric Shinseki,
34th Chief of Staff, U.S. Army, of Kauai.
Like everywhere else in our country we have tragically given
thousands of the lives of our sons and daughters, including from the
Asian and Pacific American community for the cause of freedom. The
exploits of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team remain legendary, but more
recently we have seen the tragedy, the tragedy of the loss in Iraq of
Maui native Sergeant First Class Kelly Bolor and Big Island native
Wesley Batalona.
In sports we have seen Michelle Wie, a 14-year-old Hawaii high school
freshman referred to as the Tiger Woods of women's golf. We have seen
Benny Agbayani in baseball, Duke Kahanamoku and Rell Sunn in surfing,
Ben Villaflor in boxing, Tommy Kono in weightlifting. Ellison Onizuka
gave his life for the cause of science. Miss Universe Brooke Lee. Miss
America Angela Baraquio. In music, Braddah Iz, Israel Kamakawiwo'ole.
In Hollywood Kelly Hu, Jason Scott Lee, Tia Carrera. In sumo,
Takamiyama, Akebono, Musashimaru and Konishiki. In civil rights, Bruce
Yamashita. And, of course, how could we end the night without
mentioning Camille Velasco and more recently Jasmine Trias? If you want
to show your support for Asian and Pacific Americans, tonight you know
what number to call on what TV show right about now. Jasmine just
finished singing.
Mr. Speaker, this is just some of what our proud Asian and Pacific
American community offers our country and world. We are deeply
committed to sharing with our fellow Asian and Pacific American
community nationwide a bright future. I have only the utmost thanks and
respect for the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda) again for his
leadership and for my other colleagues, not just in the APA community
caucus here but on all of the other ethnic minority caucuses. Together
we are working for a much brighter, a much better, a much more vibrant
and diverse and amazing culture and future that lies in front of us
here in this country.
{time} 2130
I thank him and bid him a warm mahalo.
Mr. HONDA. Mahalo. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Hawaii
(Mr. Abercrombie) to round out the great State of Hawaii.
Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for the
opportunity to speak here this evening on Asian Pacific American
Heritage Month Special Order. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with my
colleagues on the congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus to
recognize Asian Pacific American Heritage Month. As a member of the
caucus's executive committee, I want to honor the many achievements and
contributions of more than 11 million Americans of Asian and Pacific
Islander descent in our country.
As has been mentioned by the gentleman from Hawaii (Mr. Case), back
in 1978 my friends and colleagues, Senator Daniel K. Inouye, former
Senator Spark Matsunaga, former Representative Frank Horton, and former
Representative Norm Mineta, helped establish the first 10 days of May
as Asian Pacific American Heritage Week. Fast forward to the 102nd
Congress: legislation establishing the entire month of May as Asian
Pacific American Heritage Month was signed into law.
The congressional district I represent is composed of approximately
70 percent Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. There is a special
strength and resilience embodied in Hawaii's unique cultural mix. We
have chosen to be defined by our diversity rather than divided by our
differences. That resolve to work together with Aloha can serve as an
example for the rest of the country and I might say, Mr. Speaker, for
the world.
For those of us from the State of Hawaii, there is something missing
in this year's heritage month celebration, however: the dynamic
presence of our colleague Patsy Takemoto Mink. Patsy fought all her
life for social and economic justice. Throughout nearly 50 years of
public service, she championed America's most deeply held values:
equality, fairness, and, above all, honesty. Her courage, her
willingness to speak out and champion causes that others might shun
resulted in tremendous contributions in the fields of civil rights and
education. She has earned an honored place in the history of the United
States House of Representatives as the co-author of title IX, which
guarantees equality for women in education programs. Every single woman
in this Nation who today has access to equal opportunity in education
and by extension in virtually every other field of endeavor owes a debt
to Patsy Mink.
She was one of the pioneers who transformed Hawaii and transformed
the Nation. Whenever any of us felt some sense of discouragement,
whenever any of us felt some sense of despair or feeling we could not
succeed, it was only required for Patsy to come into the room to change
the atmosphere. Patsy Mink had the capacity to make dead air move.
Patsy Mink, this little dynamo from Hawaii, was a giant in her heart
and in her commitment. I miss her every day. I measure all I do by her
unfailing standard of integrity.
She would be the first to say while we can look at Asian Pacific
American Heritage Month as a time to recognize and celebrate many
individual accomplishments, we must also take action. The other members
of Hawaii's congressional delegation and I are working every day to
respond to the issues raised by people of Hawaii and the Nation. I hope
I can work productively to resolve them, always remembering that our
Nation should be defined by our diversity rather than be divided by our
differences. I thank the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda).
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Hawaii (Mr.
Abercrombie), and he makes Hawaiians very proud; and we are privileged
to have him as one of our members of CAPAC, and I always look toward
him to understand how to deliver a speech eloquently.
Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding to
me, and I am very proud to be here as one of Hawaii's answers to
affirmative action this evening.
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I was hoping he would say that.
Mr. Speaker, I too would like to extend my gratitude to the patriotic
men and women serving our country and the
[[Page H2793]]
military including the 60,813 Asian American and Pacific Islanders
serving on active duty in the U.S. armed services as well as the 20,066
in the Reserves and National Guard. I also commend the 351,000 API
veterans. Last week I had the privilege to meet a young soldier, Army
Specialist Bermanis of the Army's 82nd Airborne Division. He was
presented with the Bronze Star, a Purple Heart for Meritorious Conduct
in Operation Iraqi Freedom. On July 16, 2003, the award presentation
ceremony took place bedside at Walter Reed Army Medical Center where he
was convalescing from grave injuries. Specialist Bermanis and a fellow
soldier were on guard duty in southern Baghdad when they sustained an
attack by rocket-propelled grenades on June 10, 2003. His fellow
soldier died instantly, and Specialist Bermanis lost both his legs and
his left hand.
Specialist Bermanis hails from Pohnpei in the Federated States of
Micronesia. Officials from the Federated States of Micronesia and the
U.S. Government had visited him at Walter Reed and praised him for his
courage and exemplary service. A senior U.S. official commended
Specialist Bermanis's service as representative of the Federated States
of Micronesia citizens' commitment to the security of the United States
and Pacific region.
Mr. Speaker, this month also affords us time to reflect on the
various social needs that exist in the API community. Today there are
12.8 million APIs, which represents 4.5 percent of the U.S. population.
Between 1990 and 2000, the community grew nationally by 72 percent.
APIs are one of the fastest growing populations in the country. The
API community in this country encompasses 49 ethnicities speaking over
100 languages and dialects. The population enriches our culture
linguistically through a range of languages, such as Japanese, Chinese,
Samoan, Thai, Vietnamese, Hmong, Cambodian, Micronesian, and Korean.
Our linguistic diversity has contributed greatly to American society.
It has allowed us to exercise international leadership economically and
politically. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, slightly less than
half of the 7 million API who speak a language other than English at
home report that they speak English ``very well.'' We need to better
address the educational and health care needs of all limited-English
proficiency students, children, and adults.
Additionally, data is a cross-cutting issue. Lack of data impacts our
understanding of the health problems in our communities as well as the
problem of access and quality. Adequate data collection continues to be
a challenge for the API community. Although we are often mistaken to be
a homogenous group, our community is extremely diverse in ethnicities
and languages. Aggregating such a large and diverse group makes it
difficult to understand the unique problems faced by the individual
ethnicities.
This year as chair of CAPAC, I have looked into these and other
critical issues within the API community. Through our CAPAC task
forces, we have targeted such goals as eliminating racial ethnic health
disparities, enacting comprehensive immigration reform, fighting to
create jobs, and providing educational opportunities for the
underserved.
CAPAC has had the privilege to work with our colleagues in the
Congressional Black Caucus, the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, and the
Congressional Native American Caucus to advance dialogue on these
important issues.
I yield to the gentleman from American Samoa (Mr. Faleomavaega), the
vice chairman of CAPAC, a Member of the Congress for many years, a
leader and a person who represents American Samoa.
Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California
(Mr. Honda) for yielding to me and not only for his leadership but as
chairman of the Asian Pacific American Caucus and for him to request
this Special Order to allow Members of this institution to pay tribute
and to recognize the contributions of our Asian Pacific American
community to our Nation.
I think with some sense of perspective in history, Mr. Speaker, when
we talk about the Asian Pacific American region, we talk about all
those countries that comprise Asia as a region as well as those Pacific
Island nations. The Asian Pacific region constitutes two-thirds of the
world's population. This region also has six of the 10 largest armies
in the world. The U.S. commercial and trade relations with this Asian
Pacific region far exceeds other regions of world. In fact, the U.S.
trade with the Asian Pacific region is twice that of Europe alone. As I
recall, Senator Inouye once made the observation that for each 747 that
flies across the Atlantic, four 747s fly between the Asian Pacific
region and our Nation.
Americans whose roots are from the Asian Pacific region are over 13
million strong and among the fastest growing demographic group in the
United States today.
Permit me to share with my colleagues an overview of some of the
contributions that Asian Pacific Americans have given to our Nation.
Just 3 months ago, a world renowned Chinese American physicist, Dr.
Chien-Shiung Wu, perhaps little known to the average American, passed
away quietly in her home in New York. For decades she dedicated her
life to the study of beta decay. She was born in Shanghai, and in her
youth studied with Nobel Laureate E.O. Lawrence, the inventor of the
cyclotron at U.C.-Berkeley, where Dr. Wu also received her doctorate
degree in physics. For some 30 years, Dr. Wu taught physics at Columbia
University. In 1957 she won the Nobel Prize in physics for her work on
emission of electrons from radioactive nuclei. I think there are
approximately 10 other Nobel Laureates who are of Asian Pacific
ancestry in the field of physics, mathematics, and chemistry.
A couple of years ago, Time Magazine featured as its Man of the Year
Dr. David Ho. Dr. Ho is a Chinese American who was born and raised in
Taiwan. His family moved to the United States when he was a young man,
and he is now a leading scientist in the field of medicine and has been
recognized for his research efforts to find a cure for HIV/AIDS.
For several decades now, Dr. Makio Murayama, a Japanese American,
conducted vital research in the United States that laid the groundwork
for combating sickle-cell anemia. In 1973 Dr. Leo Esaki, a Japanese
American as well, was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his
electron tunneling theories. And in the field of engineering, few have
matched the architectural masterpieces created by the genius of Chinese
American I.M. Pei.
In the fields of law and finance, the names of prominent Asian
Pacific American corporate leaders and legal scholars are too numerous
to mention. One need only to read our Nation's top newspapers and
periodicals to document that Asian Pacific American students, both in
secondary schools and universities, are among the brightest minds our
Nation offers to the world. We have every expectation that they now and
will in the future contribute their talents and expertise to solve
major issues and problems now confronting our Nation today.
In the fields of entertainment and sports, the late Chinese American
kung-fu martial arts expert Bruce Lee captivated movie audiences around
the world by destroying the common stereotype of the passive, quiet
Asian Pacific American male. Now another sports and movie icon is
moving his way through the movie industry and is believed to be the
heir apparent to Sylvester Stallone and Arnold Schwarzenegger, Governor
Arnold Schwarzenegger. His name is Dwayne Johnson, commonly known today
as the Rock. The Rock is a former World Wrestling Federation champion
wrestler and has completed his third movie. First it was The Scorpion
King, then The Rundown, and now Walking Tall. And just a unique thing
about the Rock, Mr. Speaker, is that his father is African American and
of European descent, but his mother is pure Samoan Polynesian. Now just
about every Samoan claims kinship with the Rock, including myself, Mr.
Speaker.
When we talk about sports, for example, golf, Mr. Speaker, it is
ironic that the two best golfers in the world are of Asian Pacific
descent. Tiger Woods's mother is Thai. Vijay Singh from the island of
Fiji is of Asian descent. And as mentioned earlier by my colleagues
from the State of Hawaii, we have a new Tiger Woods among the women's
professional golfers, and this is a 14-year-old junior golfer from the
State of Hawaii. She is Michelle Wie.
[[Page H2794]]
About 4 decades ago, Mr. Speaker, a native Hawaiian named Duke
Kahanamoku shocked the world by winning the Olympic gold medal for the
United States in swimming, followed by Dr. Sammy Lee, a Korean
American, who also won the Olympic gold medal in high diving. Dr. Lee
told me during the 1988 Olympics in Korea that in his day, because he
was nonwhite, he was not allowed to train along with his fellow Olympic
American athletes.
{time} 2145
So he had to become creative by performing high dives off cliffs and
tall trees. Despite all this, he still won the gold medal for our
country.
And what can you say about Greg Louganis, the Samoan American,
perhaps the best high diver ever in the world. Dr. Lee, who was his
former teacher, I asked him in Korea, ``Why is it that Greg Louganis is
such a fantastic high diver?'' He said, ``Eni, look at his legs.
Because of the power that he gets from his legs,'' this high diver
named Greg Louganis, ``he is able to perform more difficult tricks in
his routines when he does this.'' I think everybody knows that Greg
Louganis has been the greatest diver ever known to the world.
Let's talk about the National Football League. We have had Asian-
Pacific Americans who have also made All-Pro: Charles Ane with the
Detroit Lions, Rockney Freitous with the Detroit Lions; Luther Elliss;
and the perennial All-Pro, Junior Seau, formerly with the San Diego
Chargers, now with the Miami Dolphins. We have Jesse Sapolu with the
Forty-Niners and Dan Saleaumua with the Kansas City Chiefs, and also
Jim Nicholson, also formerly with the Kansas City Chiefs.
We also have Asian-Pacific Americans who are making their mark on
history, not in our country, but in Southeast Asia. About 20 years ago,
an 18-year-old Samoan kid named Saleva'a Atisanoe, then weighing only
384 pounds was an All-State football player who had intended to play
college football. While walking Waikiki Beach with his buddies, he was
immediately brought to the attention of the famous Native Hawaiian sumo
wrestler and teacher, Jesse Kuhaulua--or Takamyama--as he was known
throughout Japan.
After convincing Saleva'a's parents to have their son try sumo
wrestling as an optional sport, Takamyama brought this Samoan young man
to Japan. Saleva's left with only a little lavalava and a t-shirt on
his back and started a training program so rigorous and demanding that
very few foreigners make it through the first 6 months.
Saleva'a told me that he trained every day for 6 or 7 hours. His body
took every form of pain and physical punishment including stretching,
pushing, pulling. If you want to know how rigorous the training is and
what a sumo wrestler has to do in order to be successful in this
ancient sport, let me just say that a 500 pound man must be able to do
the splits just like a seasoned ballerina dancer does at an opera
concert.
Saleva'a's name was later changed to Konishiki, and he weighed in at
570 pounds and at six feet in height. Konishiki took the entire sumo
wrestling world to a different level. His successes in winning his
matches within 2 years usually would take most sumo wrestlers 5 years
to achieve. Although he achieved the second highest level in sumo,
which was Ozeki, Konishiki became a household name throughout Japan,
and was forerunner to two other Polynesian sumo wrestlers who
eventually became Yokozuma or grand champion.
Indeed, two Americans of Polynesian descent scaled even greater
heights by attaining the highest status--Yokozuna or Grand Champion--in
this ancient Japanese sport of sumo wrestling. A Native Hawaiian, Chad
Rowen, or Akebono as he is known in Japan became Yokozuma. Of course,
he weighed about 500 pounds and stood six feet eight inches tall. The
other was Samoan-Tongan American Peitani Fiamalu also known as
Musashimaru. He tipped the scale at 550 pounds and stood six feet four
inches.
Mr. Speaker, if I may, I would like to now direct my attention to
another area in our Nation's history, where Members of our Asian
Pacific American community were severely challenged. As a Vietnam
veteran, it would be ludicrous for me not to say something to honor and
respect the hundreds of thousands of Asian Pacific Americans who served
then and now in all the branches of the U.S. Armed Forces.
As a former member of the U.S. Army's Reserve unit known today as the
100th Battalion and 442nd Infantry Combat Group, I would be remiss if I
did not tell you about the contributions of the tens of thousands of
Japanese American soldiers who volunteered to fight our Nation's
enemies in Europe in World War II.
Some of us may not be aware of the fact that after the surprise
attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, by the Imperial Army of
Japan, there was such a public outcry for an all-out war against Japan,
and days afterwards our President and the Congress formally declared
war.
But caught in this crossfire were hundreds of thousands of Americans,
Americans, mind you, who just happened to be of Japanese ancestry. Our
national government immediately implemented a policy whereby over
100,000 Americans of Japanese ancestry were forced to live in what then
called relocation camps, but actually in my opinion they were more like
prison camps or concentration camps. Their lands, homes and properties
were confiscated without due process of law.
Mr. Speaker, it is also a time in our Nation's history when there was
so much hatred and bigotry and racism placed against our Japanese
American community. Yet, despite all this, leaving their wives, their
parents and brothers and sisters behind barbed wire fences in these
prison camps, the White House accepted the request of tens of thousands
of Japanese Americans who volunteered to join the Army.
As a result of this request for service, two combat units were
organized. One was known as the 100th Battalion, also known as the
Purple Heart Battalion; and the other was known as the 442nd Infantry
Combat Group. Both were sent to fight in Europe.
In my humble opinion, Mr. Speaker, history speaks for itself in
documenting that none have shed their blood more valiantly for our
Nation than the Japanese American soldiers who served in these two
combat units while fighting enemy forces in Europe in World War II.
The military records of the 100th Battalion and 442nd Infantry are
without equal. These Japanese Americans suffered an unprecedented
casualty rate of 314 percent, and received over 18,000 individual
decorations, many of them awarded posthumously, for bravery and courage
in the field of battle.
For your information, Mr. Speaker, 52 Distinguished Service Crosses
were awarded to these two units. 560 Silver Stars and 9,480 Purple
Hearts were awarded to the Japanese American soldiers of the 100th
Battalion and 442nd Infantry Group. However, I find it unusual that
only one Medal of Honor was given.
Nonetheless, the 442nd Combat Group emerged as the most decorated
combat unit of its size in the history of the United States Army. In
fact, Mr. Speaker, President Truman was so moved by their bravery in
the field of battle, as well as that of the contributions of African
American soldiers World War II, that President Truman issued an
executive ordered to desegregate all branches of the Armed Forces.
It was while fighting in Europe that Senator Inouye lost his arm
while engaged in battle against two German machine gun posts. As a
result of his valor, Senator Inouye was awarded the Distinguished
Service Cross.
Four years ago, a congressional mandate was issued calling for review
of the military records of these two combat units, and I was privileged
to attend the White House ceremony where President Clinton presented 19
Congressional Medals of Honor to the Japanese Americans of these two
units. Senator Inouye was one of the recipients of the Medal of Honor.
The fact of the matter is, Mr. Speaker, these Japanese-Americans paid
their dues in blood to protect our Nation from its enemies and it is a
shameful black mark on the history of our country that when the
patriotic survivors of the 100th Battalion and 442nd Infantry returned
to the United States, many were reunited with their parents, brothers
and sisters who were locked-up behind barbed-wire fences, living in
prison camps--and could not even get a haircut in downtown San
Francisco because they looked Japanese--despite the fact that they,
too, were Americans.
My dear friend and former colleague and now U.S. Secretary of
Transportation, Norman Mineta, and Congressman Bob Matsui from
Sacramento remember well the early years of their lives in these prison
camps. Secretary Mineta told that one of the interesting features
[[Page H2795]]
of these prison camps were postings of machine gun nests all around the
camp--and everyone was told that these machine guns were posted to
protect them against rioters or whatever. But then Secretary Minea
observed--if these machine guns are posted to guard us, why is it that
they are all directed inside the prison camp compound and not outside?
Mr. Speaker, I submit that the wholesale and arbitrary abolishment of
the constitutional rights of these loyal Japanese-Americans should
forever serve as a reminder and testament that this must never be
allowed to occur again. When this miscarriage of justice unfolded
during WWII, Americans of German and Italian ancestry were not
similarly jailed en masse. Some declare that our treatment of Japanese
Americans during WWII was an example of outright racism and bigotry in
its ugliest form. After viewing recently the Holocaust Museum in
Washington, I understand better why the genocide of some 6 million Jews
has prompted the cry, ``Never Again, Never Again!'' Likewise, I
sincerely hope that mass internments on the basis of race alone will
never again darken the history of our great Nation.
To those that say, well, that occurred decades ago, I say we must
continue to be vigilant in guarding against such evil today. Not long
ago, we had the case of Bruce Yamashita, a Japanese-American from
Hawaii who was discharged from the Marine Corps officer training
program in an ugly display of racial discrimination. Marine Corps
superiors taunted Yamashita with ethnic slurs and told him, ``We don't
want your kind around here. Go back to your own country.'' The
situation was made worse by the Commandant of the Marine Corps, a four
star general, who appeared on television's ``Sixty Minutes'' and
stated, ``Marine officers who are minitories do not shoot, swim or use
compasses as well as white officers.'' The Commandant later apologized
for his remarks, but it was a little too late.
After years of perseverance and appeals, Mr. Yamashita was vindicated
after proving he was the target of vicious racial harassment during his
officer training program. The Secretary of the Navy's investigation
into whether minorities were deliberately being discourage from
becoming officers resulted in Bruce Yamashita receiving his commission
as a captain in the Marine Corps.
Mr. Speaker, I am also greatly disturbed by media coverage in recent
years involving illegal political campaign contributions made by a
small minority of the Asian-Pacific American Community. The media has
implied that the Asian Pacific American community as a whole is suspect
and corrupt and I find this racial scapegoating to be repugnant and
morally objectionable. Playing-up fears of the ``Asian Connection''
serves to alienate Asian-Pacific Americans from participating in our
political process.
When Americans raise money, it is called gaining political power. But
when Asian-Pacific Americans begin to participate, we are accused of
being foreigners trying to inflilrate the mainstream of our Nation's
political system. On this note, remember the Oklahoma City bombing
incident? Americans of Arab descent were immediately targeted and
investigated as terrorists by local and Federal law enforcement
agencies. An Anglo turned out to be the bomber which leads me to say
that it is wrong to stereotype and this type of negative stereotyping
must and should not continue.
In conclusion, I think Bruce Yamashita's case and the hysteria
surrounding Asian-Pacific American political contriibutions bear
implications not just for the military and the media but for our
society as a whole. It begs the question, how long do we as Asian
Pacific Americans and other minorities have to be considered as lesser
Americans?
I applaud Captain Yamashita and others like him who have spoken out
to ensure that racial discrimination is not tolerated. During this
month, as we recognize the diverse experiences and contributions our
Asian-Pacific American community has made to our great Nation, I would
hope that we will take inspiration from the examples I have shared with
you this evening.
Mr. Speaker, when I envision America, I don't see a melting pot
designed to reduce and remove racial differences. The America I see is
a brilliant rainbow--a rainbow of ethnicities and cultures, with each
ethnic group proudly contributing in its own distinctive and unique
way--making America better for now and generations to come. Asian-
Pacific Americans wish to find a just and equitable place in our
society that will allow them--like all Americans--to grow, to succeed,
to achieve and to contribute to the advancement of the great Nation.
This is why I would like to close my remarks by asking all of us here
tonight, what is America all about? I think it could not have been said
better than on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in the summer of 1963
when an African-American minister named Martin Luther King Jr. poured
out his heart and soul to every American who could bear his voice, when
he uttered these words.
``I have a dream. My dream is that one day my children will be judged
not by the color of their skin, but by the content of their
character.''
That is what I believe American is all about.
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, reclaiming my time, I would like to comment
on the White House initiative that was initiated by the past
administration of President Clinton. It is now in its fifth year, and
the initiative suffers from neglect by the current administration.
Executive Order 13216 authorizing the initiative and its
corresponding Advisory Commission expired on June 7, 2003; and since
that time, both the initiative and the commission have laid dormant.
The commission is mandated to develop, monitor, and coordinate
Federal efforts to improve API participation in government programs,
foster research and data collection for API populations and sub-
populations, and increase public and private sector involvement in
improving the health and well-being of the API community.
API citizens deserve the coordination of services that the commission
can facilitate.
In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I wanted to recognize also among other
names, the gentleman from California (Mr. Matsui), a member of the
Democratic leadership, and Governor Locke, the first API elected as a
Governor in the lower 48 States.
Mr. Speaker, I would like to close by indicating that in this
country, we have participated in the functioning of this country in
every aspect of society, having athletes, both professional and
amateur; we have had Nobel Prize winners; teachers and scholars. We are
thankful for this time to share information regarding the Asian Pacific
Islanders in this great country and the islands that our Members come
from.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, for centuries, American has been enriched by
our diverse and rapidly growing Asian American and Pacific Islander
communities, and by the contributions that Native Hawaiians, Chamorros,
and Samoans have made in their ancestral homelands. Since the 1700s,
when Filipino immigrants settled in the Louisiana bayou and Chinese and
Japanese immigrants worked the sugarcane fields of Hawaii, Asian
American and Pacific Islander communities have worked hard to call
America their home.
In the face of prejudice and poverty, interment and exclusion, the
Asian American and Pacific Islander community has always remained
strong in spirit, proud of its heritage, and committed to making
progress. Today, there are 11 million Asian American and Pacific
Islanders in the United States, tracing roots to nearly 50 different
countries and ethnic groups, each with distinct cultures, traditions,
and histories.
The achievement of the community demonstrates the critical role of
civic participation in making the American Dream a reality. With more
than 200 Asian American and Pacific Islanders running for elected
office in the U.S. last year alone, the community's participation in
politics ensures that its concerns are addressed at the highest levels
of government.
This Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, we salute such pioneers
as Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, who is 1903 became the first Native
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander to serve in Congress; Dilip Singh Saund, who
in 1956 became the first Asian American elected to Congress; Hiram
Leong Fong, who in 1959 became the first Asian American Senator; and my
dear friend Patsy Mink, who in 1964 became the first Asian American
woman elected to Congress.
We also celebrate the political leadership of Asian Americans and
Pacific Islanders today. As the Leader of the Democrats in the House of
Representatives, I am proud to work in the Democratic leadership with
Congressman Robert Matsui of California, the highest ranking Asian
American in congressional history. We are both proud to lead the only
truly diverse caucus in the Congress, which includes our great
Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus (CAPAC). Under the
leadership of Congressman Mike Honda of California, CAPAC has promoted
greater understanding in Congress of the concerns of the Asian American
and Pacific Islander community. CAPAC is fighting for educational
opportunities for our children, for better access to health care
including an end to minority health disparities, for real immigration
reform, and to grow the economy and create good-paying jobs.
This Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, we take pride in our
history and the promise of our future and we rededicate ourselves to
the fight to make the American Dream a reality for all.
[[Page H2796]]
Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker. Today I join my distinguished friend from
California, Mr. Honda, and the rest of my colleagues on the occasion of
Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.
During this month, we recognize and celebrate the important
contributions Asian Pacific Americans have made to our great country.
Mr. Honda, as the leader of the Congressional Asian Pacific American
Caucus, has helped all of us learn more about the concerns and issues
facing the Asian American and Pacific Islander Community and I salute
his work on these issues.
I would also like to commend the leadership of Representative Robert
Matsui, who has devoted his time and energy not just to the excellent
representation of his constituents, but also to assisting the
Democratic Caucus as chairman of the Democratic Congressional campaign
committee.
Mr. Speaker, this year's theme, ``Freedom for all, a nation we can
call our own'', speaks to both the hopes and the challenges Asian
Pacific Americans face in America.
Asian Pacific American families, whether they have lived in this
country for generations, or have recently emigrated, have worked as
farmers, teachers, and business people, pioneering in the sciences and
arts, and serving with distinction on the battlefield.
But achieving the American dream is not always easy for any group of
immigrants seeking to establish roots in the United States.
Asian Pacific Americans have fought to overcome discrimination,
language and cultural barriers, and even internment by their own
government.
Today the Asian Pacific American Community is rightly proud of their
rich heritage and the innumerable contributions they have made to the
development of our nation.
During the last century, as America's frontier expanded west,
hundreds of thousands of Asian citizens worked to build the first
transcontinental railroad.
And Chinese and Japanese immigrants answered the need for laborers
and agriculture workers in California and Hawaii.
The descendants of these settlers are now leaders in virtually every
industry in the United States, from medical research to music education
to professional athletics.
In fact, Asian Pacific Americans have the highest proportion of
college graduates of any race or ethnic group.
Mr. Speaker, there are now more than 11 million Asian American and
Pacific Islanders in America, comprising 5 percent of the total U.S.
population.
Over 213,000 Asian Pacific Americans live in my home state of
Maryland.
Immigrants from the countries of Asia and native peoples of Hawaii
and the Pacific Islands form one of the fastest growing minority groups
in the United States today.
And Asian Pacific Americans have the most diverse background of any
minority population, tracing their roots to almost 50 different
countries and ethnic groups.
The impressive list of notable Asian Pacific Americans is far too
lengthy to read here.
To name just a few: First, The Honorable Patsy Mink, the first Asian
Pacific American woman elected to Congress, who many of us had the
honor to know.
Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianole, who in 1903 was the first native
Hawaiian and Pacific Islander to serve in Congress.
Maya Lin, the accomplished architect, whose striking memorial to
those killed in Vietnam lies close by on the National Mall.
Yo-Yo Ma, the internationally acclaimed cellist.
Tiger Woods and Michelle Kwan, both young champion athletes.
Charles Wang, chairman emeritus of Computer Associates and co-owner
of the New York Islanders.
Jerry Yang, who co-founded Yahoo.com in his 20s.
In every profession, it seems, Asian Pacific Americans have made
their mark.
Mr. Speaker, let me again say that it gives me great pleasure today
to recognize the significant advances and contributions made by the
Asian Pacific American Community to our country during Asian Pacific
Heritage Month.
Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, we commemorate Asian and Pacific American
(APA) Heritage Month to acknowledge the tremendous achievements of
Asian and Pacific Americans and honor their contributions to our
families, communities and our nation.
The Asian and Pacific American community has played a vital role in
the development of the United States since the first immigrants came to
the United States in the 1700's. Today, over 11 million Asian and
Pacific Americans live in the U.S., making extraordinary contributions
to every aspect of American life. From David Ho, who has performed
breakthrough work on AIDS research, to Maya Lin, the architect who
designed the Vietnam Memorial; from the lyrical musings of novelist Amy
Tan, to the sublime skills of Tiger Woods, the gifts of the APA
community have changed the fabric of American society.
The APA community has also changed America's political landscape and
I commend all of the APA organizations across America for enhancing the
voice of APAs in the political and social arena. Their tireless efforts
inspire others to achieve their dreams. All Americans, regardless of
their ethnic background and heritage, benefit from their work.
Not only is the APA community working today to improve their families
and communities, but they also understand the role of history in
teaching future generations. As we celebrate APA Heritage Month this
year, we also commemorate the opening of the Manzanar National Historic
Site and Interpretive Center in Independence, California. Manzanar was
the first interment camp created by Executive Order 9066 and was the
site where 11,000 of the more than 120,000 American citizens of
Japanese ancestry were uprooted from their homes and communities and
interned in 1942. The new Manzanar Center is a critical component in
recognizing and understanding the events of the past so that we
Americans may maintain our country's fundamental commitment to freedom,
democracy, and individual rights. I would like to thank the thousands
of individuals who made this project a reality.
Asian and Pacific Americans are as diverse as each of the traditions
and cultures they represent. The strength of this diversity and the
commitment of all Americans to a shared set of values unites our nation
as we work toward a common future. As we celebrate APA Heritage Month,
we reflect on the past successes and struggles of the APA community,
the diversity that binds us together, and the work we can all do
together to make the American dream a reality for all people.
Mr. SCHIFF. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate May 2004 as
National Asian Pacific American Heritage Month.
I am proud to represent the 29th Congressional District of
California, a diverse and thriving area of our country where hundreds
of thousands have come to raise their children and devote their talents
to the community at large. Some of these families have been in the
United States for many generations; others are newly arrived. But all
of these Americans enrich the fabric of our society with unyielding
patriotism and selfless devotion to their neighbors.
The 29th District is home to one of the largest Asian American and
Pacific Islander populations in Southern California; almost one-fourth
of my constituents are of Asian Pacific heritage. Notable among them
are Assemblywoman Judy Chu, Assemblywoman Carol Liu, Asian Youth Center
Executive Director May To and Alhambra Chamber of Commerce Board Member
Gary Yamauchi; countless Southern Californians enjoy a better quality
of life from the leadership provided by these public servants.
It is certainly timely and appropriate to honor Asian Americans and
Pacific Islanders in the same month as the dedication of the National
World War II Memorial in Washington. The foundation of that memorial
was enshrined by the courage and gallantry of the 442nd Regimental
Combat Team--Japanese American soldiers who formed the most decorated
unit in U.S. military history. I cannot help but think that the
fountains and reflecting pool of this new Memorial symbolically contain
not only the tears of joy of millions freed from the chains of racism
and imperialism, but also the tears of sadness of more than 110,000
Japanese Americans wrongly interned during the war. The deprivation of
their liberty while their children were fighting for freedom in Europe
is a story of injustice that should be long told to all American
children.
But the military service of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders to
the United States actually began long ago. In fact, many soldiers of
Asian descent fought bravely in the Civil War, only later to be denied
the opportunity for citizenship by the draconian Chinese Exclusion Act
of 1882. When the United States was at its most divided and imperiled,
these noble individuals took to battlefields far from their home of
birth to protect the promise of the American dream for future
generations. I am proud to be a sponsor of H.J. Res. 45, which would
posthumously proclaim these soldiers as honorary citizens of the United
States.
The various ethnicities, cultures and nationalities that compose the
Asian American and Pacific Islander communities are bright stars in the
wonderous evening sky that is our country. I thank and congratulate the
many Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders for allowing us to share in
their rich heritage.
Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, over 100 Members of Congress work together
in the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus to promote Asian
Pacific American issues and concerns, led by my long-time friend and
colleague, Congress Mike Honda.
Today and throughout the month of May, we celebrate the many
contributions Asian Pacific Americans have made to the fabric of our
communities and to this Nation as a whole.
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In this Congress, there are five Asian Pacific Americans serving our
Nation and their communities as members of the House of Representatives
and two Asian Pacific Americans serving in the Senate.
In the field of science and technology, Asian Pacific Americans have
long contributed to our country, from Ellison Onizuka, the first Asian-
American in space, to Flossi Wong-Staal and Dr. David D. Ho, for their
work on HIV and AIDS. Moreover, several Asian Pacific Americans have
received Nobel Prizes for their accomplishments in science and
technology.
Hundreds of thousands of Asian Pacific Americans have also loyally
served our Nation in the military willing to give their life for the
United States of America. Asian Pacific American veterans of the Armed
Forces number 284,000.
In sports, Asian Pacific Americans have helped bring home Olympic
gold medals for the United States, including the first woman to win
gold medals in the ten and three meter diving events--Filipina American
Victoria Manalo Draves.
Although it is important for us to celebrate Asian Pacific American
heritage this month, we must not forget the plight that Asian Pacific
Americans endure despite the community's many accomplishments.
The pitfalls of immigration law and the backlog of immigration
applications continue to prevent many Asian pacific American families
from reuniting for several years.
We must also not forget the APA community suffers from greater
poverty than non-Hispanic Whites, especially in the Hmong, Laotian,
Cambodian, and Vietnamese American communities.
We must work to ensure that Asian Pacific Americans are appropriately
counted when our government collects date that will be used to
understand the needs of the APA community.
We must make every effort to invite Asian Pacific Americans to
participate in government to ensure that our government meets the needs
of the APA community.
In commemoration of Asian Pacific American Heritage Month, I honor
the contributions of millions of Asian Pacific Americans who have
contributed to our Nation and who I am sure will continue to contribute
in the future. But while I celebrate this month, I also renew my pledge
to address the issues affecting Asian Pacific Americans around the
country.
Ms. WATSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate Asian Pacific
American Heritage Month and to celebrate the lives and accomplishments
of Asian Pacific Americans in U.S. history. I want to thank Congressman
Honda and Congressman Eni Faleomavaega, the new Chair and Vice Chair of
the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, for organizing this
special order. In particular, I want to recognize the contributions of
Korean Americans in my district and commend them for their tireless
work in improving the city of Los Angeles.
Last month this chamber unanimously approved legislation that I
sponsored to designate a U.S. Post Office in the Koreatown section of
my district be named the ``Dosan Ahn Chang Ho Post Office.'' Dosan Ahn
Chang Ho, who spent his formative years in the United States, is
credited by many as the spiritual father of modern, independent,
democratic Korea. During his stay in Los Angeles, at the beginning of
the 20th century, he worked to unite the Korean-American community,
founding schools and cultural organizations, and helping improve living
and working conditions for his fellow Korean Americans. I am proud to
be the sponsor of this legislation and grateful to the House for paying
this timely tribute to a great Korean American.
Mr. Speaker, the contributions of Asian Pacific Americans to the
growth and success of this great nation can never be overstated. The
history of their struggle and triumph in the United States must be re-
told. We need to remember that it was the Chinese immigrants who toiled
in the mines during the California Gold Rush of the 1800s and helped
construct the transcontinental railroad in the 1860s. And we can never
forget how Americans of Japanese ancestry were placed in internment
camps during World War II, one of the saddest and most notorious
chapters in our nation's history.
I also want to take this opportunity to share with you the rich and
diverse history of Korean immigration to Los Angeles. Although a small
number of Koreans had immigrated to the United States at the beginning
of the twentieth century, major waves of Korean migration to America
did not occur until Congress passed the 1965 Immigration Act abolishing
the quota system that had restricted the numbers of Asians allowed to
enter this country. Since then, Korea has become one of the top five
countries of origin of emigrants to the United States.
Among the more than one million Korean Americans today, roughly 33
percent are settled in California, making it the state with the largest
Korean American population. Today, Los Angeles is home to the largest
concentration of Koreans outside of Korea, roughly 160,000 people.
Located in my district, Koreatown is the hub of the Korean community
and vital to our local economy. It is fabled that from the
establishment of a single Korean store at the corner of Olympic
Boulevard and Hobart Street in 1969 emerged today's Koreatown, which
stretches from Beverly Boulevard and Pico Boulevard to the north and
south and Hoover and Crenshaw on the east and west. Although 68 percent
of the people living within these boundaries are Latinos, Korean
Americans are the predominant business owners, and the area serves as a
cultural, business, and social center for not just Korean Americans but
all of Los Angeles.
Indeed, for the past four decades, the district that I represent has
thrived with the contribution of Koreatown. The willingness of Korean-
American merchants to sacrifice for their future generations by working
extremely long hours and overcoming linguistic and cultural barriers
has led to many successful enterprises crucial to the growth of our
local economy. For example, today Korean Americans own 46 percent of
small grocery markets, and 45 percent of one-hour photo shops in
Southern California, all of which demonstrate the critical role Korean
Americans play in our communities. The Hanmi Bank, located on Wilshire
Blvd., has become a major financial institution in the Korean-American
community as well as to others in the greater Los Angeles area.
Mr. Speaker, today Asian Pacific Americans continue to gain new
grounds in ever greater social and political representation. As we
commemorate and celebrate the crucial role Asian-Pacific Americans have
played in the development of this Nation, we also must work harder to
improve the lives and opportunities for the 12.5 million Asian Pacific
Americans today, who are still confronted daily with prejudice,
discrimination, and economic inequalities. The 1992 Los Angeles civil
disturbances, in the aftermath of the Rodney King verdict, is one such
tragic example that illustrates the need for continued dialogue and
understanding.
Nationally, Asian Pacific Americans continue to experience a crisis
in health and health care disparity and face unique challenges in
education, immigration, and economic development. It is very
disappointing to me that this Administration has failed to renew the
Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and the
White House Initiative on Asian American and Pacific Islanders (AAIPs)
in the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). As a member of
Congress I will continue to fight to ensure that our government address
the needs of Asian Pacific Americans. Let's work to renew the American
Dream for many future generations of Asian Pacific Americans to come.
Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
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