[Congressional Record Volume 149, Number 90 (Wednesday, June 18, 2003)]
[House]
[Pages H5537-H5541]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ILLEGAL ALIENS TAKING AMERICAN JOBS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 7, 2003, the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Tancredo) is
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
Mr. TANCREDO. Mr. Speaker, a great deal of discussion has been
undertaken on this floor for the purpose of addressing the issue of
unemployment and for talking about the needs of workers in the United
States.
We continually look at pieces of legislation that are designed to
improve the economic conditions within the
[[Page H5538]]
country, to establish an environment in which people will be able and
businesses would be able to create more jobs, to provide more jobs for
Americans; and I certainly support the effort.
I certainly believe with all my heart that that is what we should be
doing, and I believe in the stimulus package that we passed here. I
wish it had been bigger. I think that that is the right direction for
the country.
But it is also interesting to me to listen to the various
interpretations of the problems that we have that are in fact causing
people to be laid off or people who are and have been laid off to be
unable to find jobs. Some of that is undoubtedly as a result of a
sluggish economy, and I say I hope it will be helped by the passage of
the legislation that we put through here and went over to the Senate
and was signed by the President. I hope for that.
But there is another aspect of this jobs issue that I think needs our
attention, no matter how unpleasant it is to talk about it. No matter
how much we want to shy away from it, no matter what the political
implications of discussing it might be, I think it is important to talk
about the fact that in this country today we have somewhere around 13
million, some people say as high as 20 million, people who are living
here illegally, employed here illegally.
We all probably know of folks that we think may be working here
illegally. We see them on the street corner, we see them working in
various positions and jobs, and there is this feeling that I wonder if
those folks are here legally. They probably cannot speak the language,
and you just wonder whether or not they are.
We all have seen that kind of thing, and we think it is anecdotal, we
think it is unique to a particular area, a particular place, just to
this restaurant or that particular construction site. But, of course,
it is not unique to any locale in this country. It is a phenomenon that
we have to address and have to understand, that these people are here.
For the most part I am sure they are well intentioned. They came, as
we always say, for the same reason that my grandparents came, and for
the same reason people came to this country from its inception, and
that is to better their lives. No one is suggesting that all of those
people who are here are here for nefarious purposes. That is, of
course, untrue. But it is also true that they are taking jobs that
Americans could take.
Now I hear the opposite often. I have been in various places where
the mantra chanted is something like this: ``We have to have illegal
immigration into the country because it helps us, it helps the economy,
and we have people doing jobs that no one else would do, no American
would do.''
Well, there is another part of that statement that could be said, but
is seldom said, and that is they are doing jobs that maybe no American
would do for the price that someone is willing to pay. That may be
true. But I suggest to you that it is not an economic benefit to the
United States.
In the long run, it does not even help the people who are in the
lowest economic category, who are low-income earners, who are low-
skilled people. It does not help them to have millions of people coming
into the country, themselves with very few skills, taking those jobs
that may be available, and, of course, therefore depressing the wage
rate for everybody who works in that particular area.
Now, there is also the issue, of course, as to whether or not it is
productive for the country because it adds to the economy and they pay
taxes and we, therefore, are benefited by having so many illegal aliens
in the country.
I would suggest that if you think that is true, if anybody believes
that to be true, they should look at the research that has been done
recently.
Certainly Virginia Abernathy comes to mind. She is a professor at
Vanderbilt University and has done a lot of work on this issue, trying
to determine whether or not in fact the country does benefit from
having millions of people coming across this border illegally, taking
jobs that other Americans could take. And she sums it up in a statement
that I would paraphrase in this way. She says that it is indeed true
that there are profits to be made by the importation of millions of
low-skilled, low-wage workers into the country, but the profits are for
a few. They are for the employer. But the costs that we incur for
providing the infrastructure necessary to support those folks in terms
of schooling, health care, housing, all of those costs are far greater,
far greater, than we gain from the taxes paid by the people working in
those particular jobs.
For the most part, again, it is low-skilled, low-wage jobs.
Therefore, of course, they do not pay very much in income tax, if
anything. They do not pay very much even in sales tax. They buy
relatively little in comparison again to the costs of the
infrastructure; and, therefore, it becomes essentially a burden to the
taxpayers of this country to support.
The infrastructure is very costly. We are watching hospitals go out
of business. We are watching costs increase dramatically for those
people who are able to pay in order to take care of all those who
cannot pay that come to the hospital for service, come into the health
care system at any point for service.
There is a Federal law that says to hospitals they must treat anyone
in emergency care, regardless of their status in the country; and that
is a humane action on our part. It would be acceptable, it would be
understandable, it would be defensible to have policies like that if in
fact the Federal Government cared one bit about trying to defend its
own borders, if in fact the Federal Government actually attempted to
restrict entry into this country to those people who have permission to
come, to those people who apply through a consular office or embassy,
get a visa, come into the country, obtain a green card eventually.
There is a legal process to come into the country; and if we would
simply restrict entrance into the country to those people, then you
could understand why we could say to hospitals, you must in fact treat
them. Then you could understand why the Federal Government tells all
schools in the United States, every State, that they must educate the
children of people who are here illegally. It is a humane thing to do.
But under the circumstances, when we choose not to defend our own
borders, when we choose to essentially ignore any sort of immigration
policy enforcement, then it is the height of arrogance to tell States
they must take on this task.
Billions of dollars are being spent by States all over the Nation
trying to pay for health care, education, housing and all of the other
infrastructure costs that they incur as a result of our open borders
policy. And that is what we have; and that is exactly what we should
call it. It is an open borders policy.
Again, I know we do not like to think it, do not want to say it, do
not want to suggest it, because there are a lot of people out there,
that maybe John Q. Citizen cringes at that and says what do you mean,
open borders policy, man? I am trying to keep my job, and I do not want
to necessarily have to compete against someone coming across the border
willing to work for a lot less than I am making.
Maybe that is heartless and cruel for them to think. We may want to
tell these people that they should just simply accept the fact that
they have to give up their job, or work for a lot less, be what we call
underemployed, because, after all, there are millions of people seeking
to come into this country who are also poor and looking for a better
life. So there is this dilemma then, how do we treat it?
Well, Mr. Speaker, the whole world, the Third World, is waiting to
come in. There are literally billions of people who would like to
improve their status in life, and I would like their lives to be
improved. No one wants to see people living in poverty. No one wants to
see small children dying from diseases that could be cured. No one
wants to see that.
I also know that we cannot, there are not enough resources in this
country, to simply open the boarders and say everyone can come. What we
have to do is try our best to create economic conditions in countries
that are today laboring under such problems so that people will not be
forced to leave and seek a life in another country. That is an
acceptable and understandable way to do it. It is not understandable or
acceptable to ignore the problem, to say
[[Page H5539]]
that John Q. Citizen, who is losing his job, that he is just simply
being hard and xenophobic.
I do not think he is being xenophobic when his job is taken away, or
her job. I think he is doing exactly, or she is doing exactly, what any
of us would do under the circumstances. We would ask our government,
why is this happening? Why are you allowing so many people to come into
the country at a time when we have so few jobs available, when the
unemployment rate has now reached historic highs?
I cannot answer the question, Mr. Speaker. There is no way that I can
tell someone in a rational sense what our policy is and why we are in
fact still accepting the concept of open borders. I do not know. If
someone can explain it, please let me know, because I have a lot of
letters to write to people who constantly write me and tell me of their
plight and how they lost their job, and they have lost it to people who
have just come across the border illegally; and they are asking what I
am going to do about that. I have to explain to them, you know, there
really does not seem to be any support in this body or in this
government for implementing the kind of measures necessary to protect
them.
We are actually taking in a million-and-a-half people approximately a
year legally, and probably about that many illegally. This is historic.
The United States of America, if we just settled on the legal side of
that, is still the most open-hearted country in the world.
{time} 1645
It accepts more illegal immigration than any other country in the
world; more legal immigration, and certainly more illegal immigration,
than any other country in the world, and this is to our detriment.
This is not a beneficial thing. It is not helping our economy. That
is an old saw. It is not true. It is helping a few people. It is
helping a few corporations. That is true. But it is not helping the man
and the woman who have been here all of their lives, or who have become
citizens of this country through a legal process and who are unemployed
today because of our policy of open borders.
There are several programs that the Federal Government runs, visa
programs, that are designed to bring more people in, to do jobs that
again we are told cannot be done by Americans, by American citizens.
Would my colleagues believe that we are told that there are millions of
jobs going begging in the high-tech industry?
Who would believe that, Mr. Speaker? I ask my colleagues, who knows
of a job available in the high-tech industry that is going begging?
Because again, if my colleagues know about jobs that are available, let
me know. I have a lot of people in my district who are unemployed and
have been unemployed for over a year, and they ended up being a victim
of that bubble that burst in the high-tech industry, and they are
looking for jobs, and they would love to get reemployed into that
industry. But most of them are doing something else now entirely, if
they are working at all.
My friend and neighbor, it has been almost 2 years for him. He is
doing some data entry for us and he is driving a limousine at night.
And that is what is happening all over, of course, because people are
trying to keep a roof over their heads and food on the table. And they
would love to get a job back in that industry. But, Mr. Speaker, we are
encouraging people to come from other countries to the United States
for the purpose of taking jobs in the high-tech industry. These are
called H-1b visa recipients.
Now, these are folks who are not coming over here to take a job that
``no one else would take,'' although we are told that, and that is
supposed to be the scheme; that is supposed to be the idea behind H-1b
and something else called L-1 visa programs, but it is not true. It is
not true. These people are taking jobs, they are displacing American
workers, by the hundreds of thousands. There are literally millions of
folks in this country today holding these kinds of visas.
Now, we asked the INS, how many are here? No one knows how many
people in this country have even come here through the H-1b visa
program. The new Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Service does not
know. The Department of Labor does not know. No one in government
anywhere can give me an accurate number, and the reason they cannot is
because they do not keep those numbers. All they know is how many they
hand out, about 195,000 a year we have handed out for several years
now, and that is just the H-1b, and these folks do not go home when
they lose their job, although they are supposed to. They stay.
So I am saying that it is now approaching a million people, if not
more, that are here under an H-1b program that are taking jobs in
``that high-tech industry that no other American would take.'' Does
anybody really buy that?
What we know is that they are being given these visas because they
will work for less. It is a cheap labor program.
Now, let us just say it. If that is the program we want to run, let
us tell Americans that is the program. Let us not even hide it under
visa titles like H-1b and things nobody has the slightest idea what H-
1b means or L-1 visas. I will tell my colleagues what it means, anybody
who is listening: it is a cheap labor program. People want to pay less
for labor. They know there are people outside the country who are
willing to work for less, so let us get them in here.
The Organization for the Rights of American Workers, the acronym
TORAW, states that in the year 2000, there were 355,000 H-1b visas
issued, just in the year 2000. The cap for H-1b visas in that year was
115,000. That means that 240,000 received H-1b visas through loopholes
and extensions. In 2001, 384,191 H-1b visas were issued. The cap was
107,500. That means that 276,691 people received H-1b visas through
loopholes and extensions. Thus, the total amount of people who came
here using H-1b visas in 2000 and 2001 totaled 739,796.
This is a program they told us would be short-lived, that it only was
going to be there in order to take up the slack because we had this
booming economy, we had so many jobs going begging. Has anybody heard
that lately, something about a booming economy, something about jobs
going begging? But 739,000 people were brought in here on H-1b visas in
2000 and 2001.
There is plenty of evidence that major American companies like Bank
of America, Texas Instruments, Intel, General Electric, and Microsoft
are actively recruiting today H-1b visa holders instead of American
high-tech workers. Does anybody believe there are people who are not
capable of these jobs; that Americans, the highest skilled, the
greatest educational system in the world, touted constantly for our
ability to produce the best engineers; the best people in this high-
tech environment, that we are not capable, Americans cannot do the job,
we have to go to India or someplace else to get the folks over here to
take those jobs from us.
The San Francisco Business Times reported in November of 2002 that
the Bank of America was eliminating 900 jobs by year end in its
information technology operation. To add insult to injury, some of the
laid-off workers were reportedly required to train their Indian
counterparts in order to receive their severance packages. This is a
common practice throughout the country.
According to a survey by the Denver Business Journal, 66.5 percent of
American high-tech workers who responded said they took salary
reductions in 2002, and more than 71.5 percent of them expect pay cuts
in 2003. According to the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers, or IEEE, a company can replace an American
engineer who gets paid $70,000 annually with a Hungarian who would earn
$25,690 in Hungary or a Russian who gets paid $14,000 for that job in
Russia. This puts companies in the position to orchestrate and control
salaries. The overall effect is to decrease the salaries of all high-
tech positions.
Now, we say, well, is that not appropriate? Should they not do that?
Well, again, that is a policy decision that this government needs to
make and needs to tell the American citizens what we are doing. Again,
all I am asking is for truth in advertising. These are not special visa
programs; these are not designed just to bring people in here who are
in great need because the jobs are jobs our people will not do.
[[Page H5540]]
These are cheap labor, cheap labor policies. That is what they are, and
that is what we should call them.
Now, these people are succeeding, these companies, according to the
Alumni Consulting Group, because in the last 3 years, the average high-
tech professional salary has dropped radically, in some cases, up to 50
percent. An online search today of the three most popular high-tech job
search sites, hotjobs.com, monster.com, and dice.com, showed that they
were full of jobs being offered to H-1b holders.
Now there is a new problem that is emerging, the L-1 visa. The L-1
visa program allows intracompany transfers of foreign nationals who are
company executives or managers or employees with specialized knowledge
of the company's products or services. It was never intended to allow
companies to replace American professional employees with lower-wage
foreign nationals, but guess what? That is, of course, exactly what is
happening, and on a massive scale.
NBC news reported on May 8 of this year that white collar computer
consultants are losing out to cheaper foreign competition. These
companies are outsourcing much of their technology and customer service
work to foreign companies with the goal of reducing costs and
increasing profits. I would suspect that these foreign companies are
using L-1 visas to bring their manpower here to the United States.
As I said before, the L-1 visa program was intended to permit
multinational companies to transfer foreign nationals who were company
executives and managers or employees with specialized knowledge in the
company's products and operations. Instead, it is being used to allow
U.S. companies with offshore subsidiaries to bring in lower-wage IT
workers. These companies are circumventing the congressionally-mandated
safeguards and rules imposed under the H-1b program. And our government
knows it. This is not news to anybody inside the Department of Labor or
inside the administration. They just do not care.
In 2001, 328,480 L-1 visas were issued, which is an increase of 11
percent. Thus, the total amount of people who came here under L-1 visas
in 2000 and 2001 was 623,138.
Business Week reported on March 10 of this year that L-1 visas were
being used instead of H-1b visas by India's top two IT consulting
firms. Half of Tata Consultancy Services' American-based workforce are
here on L-1 visas, some 5,000 foreign IT professionals. Infosys has
3,000 IT professionals here on L-1 visas, 3,000.
Now, remember, these are supposed to be people with specialized
skills, so specialized, and they are overseas, they are in the company
headquarters in Bombay, but there is something so special about their
ability that they have to bring them over here to work in their
subsidiary. That is an L-1 visa. But of course, it is not that. It is
anybody and everybody who they can get into the country, get over here
to replace Americans who are now driving limousines at night.
Siemens in Florida contracted to have 20 of its American IT
professionals replaced by foreign nationals brought in by Tata
Consultancy Services. Tata used L-1 visas to import Indians at one-
third of the salary of Americans laid off.
A member of my staff is a trained IT professional. Before he started
working for me, he was a victim of the very problem I was talking
about. When he asked his former company why he and the rest of his IT
team had been laid off, they stated they were moving their project to
India. They are doing this because the average Indian software engineer
makes 88 percent less than the U.S. software engineer.
Companies are not the only ones guilty of this transgression. The
State of New Mexico paid a firm in India $6 million to develop an
online unemployment claim system. The State of New Jersey called a call
center in India to handle calls from their welfare recipients. In New
Jersey, calls go to India. The State of Pennsylvania Department of
Corrections utilized an offshore company to develop its mission
critical systems.
All of this shifting of jobs offshore has significantly slowed the
recovery of our own economy, and it is something that we should tell
our people about. This is something we should be truthful about. And
these are all high-tech jobs I have been talking about recently. But
remember, go back to the original discussion here about the people
coming in here with low-skill, low-wage backgrounds and how much we
need them.
Mr. Speaker, I remember distinctly, this may be now 6 or 8 months
ago, but I remember an article that I read in the Rocky Mountain
Newspaper in Denver, and there was an article, it was not an ad, it was
an article about a job that had been posted by a restaurant by the name
of, it was called Luna Restaurant. I know it, I have been there many
times; a great Mexican restaurant in north Denver.
{time} 1700
The reason why the posting of a job became a story rather than just
an ad in the paper is because it was a job for a $3-an-hour waiter; and
that one job posting, that one ad produced 600 applicants the first
day. That is why it turned into a story, a news story, 600 applicants
for a $3-an-hour job.
Mr. Speaker, it is possible, I suppose, that every one of the 600
applicants that day were illegal aliens, but I do not think so. Maybe a
large number were, but I think a lot of the people who applied for that
job were American citizens who needed the work.
So this old canard about they only come into the jobs no American
will take is just that, it is a falsehood. We employ these falsehoods
in order to maintain open borders. Both parties support the concept.
The Democrats support it because it adds to their potential pool of
voters for the Democratic Party. The Republicans support it because it
supports cheap labor.
I will tell my colleagues, Mr. Speaker, if that is the policy that
our government is undertaking, then it is simply the policy we should
tell our constituents about. We should explain it to them. When my
colleagues get a letter like this, handwritten, three pages long,
talking about what happened to them, how they were displaced by foreign
workers, we should write back and say it is the policy of this
government to displace you, to move you into a lower economic income
category because we believe in cheap labor and we believe that the
politics of open borders helps our party, in this case the Democrats,
as I say. The Republicans, it is the cheap labor side of things.
That is what we tell people. That is what we should do. That is how
we should respond because that is the truth of the matter; and I hope
that when we have people bring bills to the floor designed to do
something about jobs, which we hear over and over again, do something
about jobs, I just hope that they will think about one thing they could
do. There is something that we could do tomorrow to improve the quality
of life for millions and millions of American citizens. There is
something that we could do tomorrow that could actually add maybe 10
million jobs for American citizens, and that is to enforce our
immigration laws. Stop people from coming in here illegally, deport the
people who are here illegally today, and we would automatically create
10 million jobs for American citizens.
So I want that discussed every single time there is a ``jobs'' bill
brought in front of this Congress, because there is an easy way to do
it. There is a moral way to do it. It is immoral for us to, in fact,
displace American workers with cheap labor from outside our country. It
is immoral for us to tell Americans that we do not have an open borders
policy because we do, and there are ramifications to it, deep, serious
ramifications to open borders.
If that is what the country wants, if 50 percent plus one of this
body and the other body and the President of the United States signs
it, that is what we will get; but that is what we are going to get.
Even that does not happen that way. We are going to get it in a de
facto way. We are going to get it without ever bringing it to the
attention of the American public. We are all just going to look around
one day and say, gosh, what happened to our economy? What happened to
the country with the highest standard of living in the world? What
happened to my job? At that point, it is, of course, too late.
Mr. Speaker, I hope that we will be more truthful in the discussion
of this issue, and I hope that for all of our constituents' sake that
we will begin to
[[Page H5541]]
uphold our law, begin to defend our borders and begin to, in fact,
enforce immigration law.
____________________