[Congressional Record Volume 149, Number 38 (Monday, March 10, 2003)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3383-S3389]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                 PARTIAL-BIRTH ABORTION BAN ACT OF 2003

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senate will 
proceed to consideration of S. 3, which the clerk will report.
  The assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

       A bill (S. 3) to prohibit the procedure commonly known as 
     partial-birth abortion.

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Pennsylvania.
  Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, we are now on a piece of legislation 
known

[[Page S3384]]

as the partial-birth abortion bill. It is a bill we have debated in the 
Senate in two previous Congresses on four different occasions. We 
debated it the first time and passed it. It was vetoed by the 
President, President Clinton at the time, back in 1996. Then we 
attempted to override the President's veto and fell just a few votes 
short.
  We came back the next session, went through the same process, sent 
the bill to the President, he vetoed it again, and we came closer but 
we still failed in overriding the President's veto.
  Subsequently, there were a whole series--actually, concurrent with 
that debate--of States, over half the States in the Union, that passed 
bans on this horrific partial-birth abortion procedure. That is the 
procedure where the baby is delivered--this is a baby at over 20 weeks 
gestation; in other words, halfway through the pregnancy. The 
gestational period is 40 weeks. This procedure is only performed on 
babies in utero after 20 weeks. So these are late-term abortions.
  The process is as follows: A woman shows up and decides she wants to 
have an abortion after 20 weeks. A doctor decides to use this 
methodology. The woman is given a drug to dilate her cervix. She is 
sent home. Two days later she returns, and the baby is then delivered 
in a breech position. Under the definition of this act as currently 
constituted, the baby has to be alive when it is brought in through the 
birth canal, the baby has to be in a breech position, has to be outside 
the mother at least past the navel, and be alive. Then the baby is 
killed in a fashion that I will describe in more detail later.
  That procedure, as I said, was banned by over 25 States. It was 
brought, obviously, to the courts by many in those States. There were a 
couple of circuit courts that found this to be constitutional, one that 
did not. The Supreme Court took one of those cases, the Nebraska case 
that was appealed to the circuit, and made a decision which I think was 
in error. It was a horrible decision, but a decision I think we need to 
contemplate here. It is a decision that said that an abortion past 20 
weeks of a child that would otherwise be born alive is now encompassed 
by Roe v. Wade.
  You hear a lot of comments about Roe v. Wade, that Roe v. Wade only 
allows legal abortions within the first trimester and under limited 
circumstances in the second trimester. These are babies in the second 
and third trimester, where the courts have basically said, as many of 
us who have been studying this issue for a long time have said, that 
there is no limitation on the right to abortion. Abortion is a right 
that is absolute in America. There are no limitations, as a result of 
court decisions, on the right to an abortion.
  So they held, in this case, that the language of the statute was too 
vague and that--the description of the procedure was too vague, and 
that there needed to be a health exception to this procedure; in other 
words, to preserve the health of the mother.

  We have responded to that with a bill we introduced last year, in the 
last session of Congress. In the last session of Congress, we 
introduced a piece of legislation in the House that was passed. Steve 
Chabot, at the time chairman of the Constitution Subcommittee on the 
Judiciary Committee, passed a piece of legislation in the House that 
banned this procedure. It is identical to the bill that is on the floor 
today. We asked for its consideration last year.
  I came to the floor on a couple of occasions and asked for unanimous 
consent to bring this bill forward. I agreed to debate it on Fridays 
and Mondays, so as not to interrupt the rest of the Senate's schedule, 
I agreed to stay on the weekend if that was necessary so we could deal 
with amendments. Unfortunately, even though the bill passed in July of 
last year, it was not scheduled here on the Senate floor for debate and 
for passage--for action.
  That is why I believe this is unfinished business from last year and 
one of the reasons I advocated for its early consideration this year. I 
thank our leader, Senator Frist, for his willingness to bring this bill 
to the floor promptly, for us to be able to have this debate, to look 
at the issues involved with respect to this issue.
  We believe the issues the Supreme Court brought up with respect to 
the infirmities in the Nebraska statute have been addressed by this 
legislation. First, we have gone into much greater detail in describing 
this procedure, and either later tonight or tomorrow I will read the 
text of the bill and I will provide graphic illustration as to how this 
procedure is conducted.
  Second, we dealt with the issue of health. Roe v. Wade requires a 
health exception when the health of the mother is potentially in 
danger. We have included in this legislation a voluminous amount of 
material that shows clearly, without dispute, in my mind--without 
dispute, period, not just in my mind--without any medical dispute, that 
there are no reasons this procedure has to be available for the health 
of the mother because there are no instances in which this procedure is 
required for the health of the mother. There is no medical organization 
out there that believes that to be the case.
  While some do not support the legislation or have a neutral position, 
nobody has come forward and said this is medically necessary to protect 
the health of the mother, much less, by the way, the life of the 
mother.
  So, since there is no reason for a health exception because there are 
no instances where a health exception is needed, then Roe does not 
apply. So we have laid that out very clearly in this legislation. We 
believe as a result of that, Congress has the right--because we do a 
heck of a lot more exhaustive study, in our deliberations with hearings 
and other testimony, than the Supreme Court can. They have to rely on 
the record of the lower court and the arguments made to that lower 
court.
  In the case of Nebraska, frankly, the arguments were not particularly 
well put and the evidence was not particularly robust for either side. 
It was a very weak record, and the court made a decision based on that 
record. They will have a different record before them in this case when 
it is brought up to the court, and I believe the record will be clear 
and dispositive that no health exception is necessary. We have dealt 
with the constitutional issues. Now we are back to the focus of this 
legislation. Do you want to allow a horrific procedure that is not 
medically necessary, never medically indicated, not taught in any 
medical school in this country, not recommended, and which, in fact, 
major health organizations of this country have said is bad medicine, 
contra-indicated, that is so brutal in the way it is administered to a 
baby that otherwise would be born alive?

  Let me emphasize that it is a baby fetus--some will refer to it as 
the child in utero--that would otherwise be born alive. You don't want 
to allow this child to be brutally killed by thrusting a pair of 
scissors into the back of its skull and suctioning its brains out.
  This goes on in America thousands of times a year. The number of 
partial-birth abortions has tripled, according to the abortion industry 
that doesn't keep very good records. They admit that. It has tripled, 
they say, to 2,200. Oddly enough, back in 1997 when we were debating 
this, the Bergen County Record took the bother of asking the local 
abortion clinic how many they did just in Bergen County. The partial-
birth abortion national number at that time was 600. In Bergen County, 
they did 1,500. I guess they dismissed that.
  The bottom line is that this goes on an enormous amount of times and 
they call it a rare procedure. If we had a procedure that killed 2,200 
children in America every single year, we would not be saying it is a 
rare procedure in America. If we had a disease that affected 2,200 
little babies every year, we wouldn't say this is a rare thing when we 
know, by the way, that the number is multiples of that. The people we 
have to rely on for that information are the people who want this to be 
legal and who don't tell us about the abortions they perform.
  This is something that needs to be done. I am hopeful that we can 
deal with this issue in an expeditious fashion, get this over in the 
House of Representatives and have them pass it, and have the President 
sign it, because he will sign it.
  I think there is broad bipartisan support for this legislation as 
there has been in the past. It is overwhelmingly supported by the 
American people. A very large majority support this legislation. Even 
those who do not consider themselves pro-life believe that at

[[Page S3385]]

some point we have to draw the line on the brutal killing of a child 
literally inches from constitutional protection--inches from being born 
and being completely separated from the mother, being held in the birth 
canal and executed, having scissors thrust into the base of its skull 
and then to have a suction catheter inserted and the ``cranial 
content'' removed.
  Just to describe it here sends chills down your back. Yet people will 
defend this procedure and say that a civilized nation such as America 
believes this is proper medicine. Medicine, healing? I, frankly, don't 
know who is healed in that situation. I do not know who is protected in 
that situation when every credible medical core organization says it is 
not medically necessary; in fact, it is ``bad medicine,'' and it is 
harmful to the woman. I have just described how harmful it is to the 
little child.
  I ask my colleagues to join me in passing this piece of legislation 
and ending this outrageous procedure.
  Mr. President, I reserve the remainder of my time.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Talent). The Senator from California.
  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, could you advise me when I have used 9 
minutes.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will so advise.
  Mrs. BOXER. I thank the Chair.
  Mr. President, there have been so many misstatements made on this 
floor right now in just a few minutes that I don't know where to start.
  Why don't I start with the whole point that we have made over and 
over again. We are Senators. We are not doctors. With all due respect 
to my friend from Pennsylvania, if my daughter were in trouble with 
pregnancy, I wouldn't go to him. I would go to her OB-GYN. And I would 
say, Tell us what do we have to do to make sure this birth goes well, 
and tell us what we have to do to make sure our daughter's life will 
not end and that her health will not be impaired forever. I would not 
go to the Senator from Pennsylvania in that circumstance.
  There are many arguments that we will lay out. Today, we only have a 
few very short minutes. Senator Murray and I are going to share the 
time. We have a number of amendments that we are going to offer during 
this week to talk about what we think is very important for women's 
health, and, frankly, the health of their families and their children.
  This bill, S. 3, is called the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. It 
should be called the following: The ``Criminalizing Medically Necessary 
Procedures Act,'' because the procedures that are banned are necessary 
to save the life and the health of a woman facing a medical emergency 
during a pregnancy.
  My friend from Pennsylvania makes light of it. Oh, this doesn't hurt 
women. This is fine for women. Let me tell you who agrees with us and 
who disagrees with the Senator from Pennsylvania.
  To start, I have a letter that I ask unanimous consent be printed in 
the Record from Physicians for Reproductive Choice and Health.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:
                                                   March 10, 2003.
     Hon. Barbara Boxer,
     U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Boxer: We are writing to urge you to stand in 
     defense of women's reproductive health and vote against S. 3, 
     legislation regarding so-called ``partial birth'' abortion.
       We are practicing obstetrician-gynecologists, and academics 
     in obstetrics, gynecology and women's health. We believe it 
     is imperative that those who perform terminations and manage 
     the pre- and post-operative care of women receiving abortions 
     are given a voice in a debate that has largely ignored the 
     two groups whose lives would be most affected by this 
     legislation: physicians and patients.
       It is misguided and unprincipled for lawmakers to legislate 
     medicine. We all want safe and effective medical procedures 
     for women; on that there is no dispute. However, the business 
     of medicine is not always palatable to those who do not 
     practice it on a regular basis. The description of a number 
     of procedures--from liposuction to cardiac surgery--may seem 
     distasteful to some, and even repugnant to others. When 
     physicians analyze and debate surgical techniques among 
     themselves, it is always for the best interest of the 
     patient. Abortion is proven to be one of the safest 
     procedures in medicine, significantly safer than childbirth, 
     and in fact has saved numerous women's lives.
       While we can argue as to why this legislation is dangerous, 
     deceptive and unconstitutional--and it is--the fact of the 
     matter is that the text of the bill is so vague and 
     misleading that there is a great need to correct the 
     misconceptions around abortion safety and technique. It is 
     wrong to assume that a specific procedure is never needed; 
     what is required is the safest option for the patient, and 
     that varies from case to case.

                               The Facts

       (1) So-called ``partial birth'' abortion does not exist.
       There is no mention of the term ``partial birth'' abortion 
     in any medical literature. Physicians are never taught a 
     technique called ``partial birth'' abortion and therefore are 
     unable to medically define the procedure.
       What is described in the legislation, however, could ban 
     all abortions. ``What this bill describes, albeit in non-
     medical terms, can be interpreted as any abortion,'' stated 
     one of our physician members. ``Medicine is an art as much as 
     it is a science; although there is a standard of care, each 
     procedure--and indeed each woman--is different. The 
     wording here could apply to any patient.'' The bill's 
     language is too vague to be useful; in fact, it is so 
     vague as to be harmful. It is intentionally unclear and 
     deceptive.
       2) Physicians need to have all medical options available in 
     order to provide the best medical care possible.
       Tying the hands of physicians endangers the health of 
     patients. It is unethical and dangerous for legislators to 
     dictate specific surgical procedures. Until a surgeon 
     examines the patient, she does not necessarily know which 
     technique or procedure would be in the patient's best 
     interest. Banning procedures puts women's health at risk.
       3) Politicians should not legislate medicine.
       To do so would violate the sanctity and legality of the 
     physician-patient relationship. The right to have an abortion 
     is constitutionally-protected. To falsify scientific evidence 
     in an attempt to deny women that right is unconscionable and 
     dangerous.
       The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecology, 
     representing 45,000 ob-gyns, agrees: ``The intervention of 
     legislative bodies into medical decisionmaking is 
     inappropriate, ill advised, and dangerous.''
       The American Medical Women's Association, representing 
     10,000 female physicians, is opposed to an abortion ban 
     because it ``represents a serious impingement on the rights 
     of physicians to determine appropriate medical management for 
     individual patients.''

                              The Science

       We know that there is no such technique as ``partial 
     birth'' abortion, and we believe this legislation is a 
     thinly-veiled attempt to outlaw all abortions. Those 
     supporting this legislation seem to want to confuse both 
     legislators and the public about which abortion procedures 
     are actually used. Since the greatest confusion seems to 
     center around techniques that are used in the second and 
     third trimesters, we will address those: dilation and 
     evacuation (D&E), dilation and extraction (D&X), 
     instillation, hysterectomy and hysterotomy (commonly known as 
     a c-section).
       Dilation and evacuation (D&E) is the standard approach for 
     second-trimester abortions. The only difference between a D&E 
     and a more common, first-trimester vacuum aspiration is that 
     the cervix must be further dilated. Morbidity and mortality 
     studies indicate that this surgical method is preferable to 
     labor induction methods (instillation), hysterotomy and 
     hysterectomy.
       From the years 1972-76, labor induction procedures carried 
     a maternal mortality rate of 16.5 (note: all numbers listed 
     are out of 100,000); corresponding rate for D&E was 10.4. 
     From 1977-82, labor induction fell to 6.8, but D&E dropped to 
     3.3. From 1983-87, induction methods had a 3.5 mortality 
     rate, while D&E fell to 2.9. Although the difference between 
     the methods shrank by the mid-1980s, the use of D&E had 
     already quickly outpaced induction, thus altering the size of 
     the sample.
       Morbidity trends indicate that dilation and evacuation is 
     much safer than labor induction procedures, and for women 
     with certain medical conditions, e.g., coronary artery 
     disease or asthma, labor induction can pose serious risks. 
     Rates of major complications from labor induction were more 
     than twice as high as those from D&E. There are instances of 
     women who, after having failed induction, acquired infections 
     necessitating emergency D&Es, which ultimately saved her 
     fertility and, in some instances, her life. Hysterotomy and 
     hysterectomy, moreover, carry a mortality rate seven times 
     that of induction techniques and ten times that of D&E.
       There is a psychological component which makes D&E 
     preferable to labor induction; undergoing difficult, 
     expensive and painful labor for up to two days is extremely 
     emotionally and psychologically draining, much more so than a 
     surgical procedure that can be done in a few hours under 
     general or local anesthesia. Furthermore, labor induction 
     does not always work: Between 15 and 30 percent of cases 
     require surgery to complete the procedure. There is no 
     question that D&E is the safest method of second-trimester 
     abortion.
       There is also a technique known as dilation and extraction 
     (D&X). D&X is merely a variant of D&E. There is a dearth of 
     data on D&X as it is an uncommon procedure. However, it is 
     sometimes a physician's preferred

[[Page S3386]]

     method of termination for a number of reasons: it offers a 
     woman a chance to see the intact outcome of a desired 
     pregnancy, thus speeding up the grieving process; it provides 
     a greater chance of acquiring valuable information regarding 
     hereditary illness or fetal anomaly; and there is a 
     decreased risk of injury to the woman, as the procedure is 
     quicker than induction and involves less use of sharp 
     instruments in the uterus, providing a lesser chance of 
     uterine perforations or tears and cervical lacerations.
       It is important to note that these procedures are used at 
     varying gestational ages. Neither a D&E nor a D&X is 
     equivalent to a late-term abortion. D&E and D&X are used 
     solely based on the size of the fetus, the health of the 
     woman, and the physician's judgment, and the decision 
     regarding which procedure to use is done on a case-by-case 
     basis.

                            The Legislation

       Because this legislation is so vague, it would outlaw D&E 
     and D&X (and arguably techniques used in the first-
     trimester). Indeed, the Congressional findingsl--which go 
     into detail, albeit in non-medical terms--do not remotely 
     correlate with the language of the bill. This legislation is 
     reckless. The outcome of its passage would undoubtedly be 
     countless deaths and irreversible damage to thousands of 
     women and families. We can safely assert that without D&E and 
     D&X, that is, an enactment of S.3, we will be returning to 
     the days when an unwanted pregnancy led women to death 
     through illegal and unsafe procedures, self-inflicted 
     abortions, uncontrollable infections and suicide.
       The cadre of physicians who provide abortions should be 
     honored, not vilified. They are heroes to millions of women, 
     offering the opportunity of choice and freedom. We urge you 
     to consider scientific data rather than partisan rhetoric 
     when voting on such far-reaching public health legislation. 
     We strongly oppose legislation intended to ban so-called 
     ``partial birth'' abortion.
           Sincerely,
     Natalie E. Roche, MD,
       Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
       New Jersey Medical College.
     Gerson Weiss, MD,
       Professor and Chair, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology 
     and Women's Health,
       New Jersey Medical College.

  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, in fact, they say the so-called partial-
birth abortion does not exist. There is no mention of the term 
``partial-birth abortion'' in any medical literature.
  Let me say once again for my colleagues that there is no mention of 
the term ``partial-birth abortion'' in any medical literature. 
Physicians are never taught a technique called partial-birth abortion 
and, therefore, are unable to medically define the procedure.
  These physicians who are charged with protecting the life and health 
of women and babies--I might add that what is described in the 
legislation could ban all abortions. What this bill describes can be 
interpreted as any abortion.
  We have a bill called the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, and there 
is no such thing as partial-birth abortions. What this does is 
criminalize a medically necessary procedure. So let us get that on the 
table.
  Why then would this be before us? I think the answer lies in this 
letter from OB-GYNs. It is an attempt to outlaw all abortions, to take 
away the rights of women to choose--not only to chip away at that 
right, but to take it away, and, by the way, criminalize abortions.
  What follows from that? Women and doctors will be in jail. That is 
what follows from that. And if you read behind and between the lines 
here, when you hear my colleagues stand up, they have been fighting all 
their lives to outlaw abortion and to overturn Roe v. Wade. So let us 
get it on the table. That is what this is about.
  There is a further quote in this letter that I think is worth 
mentioning.

       The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecology, 
     representing 45,000 OB-GYNs, agrees: ``The intervention of 
     legislative bodies into medical decision-making is 
     inappropriate, ill-advised and dangerous.''

  Let me repeat that. These are the doctors who birth our children.
  I find it very interesting because a lot of men come out here and 
talk about this, and women who have had pregnancies, who understand the 
relationship that you develop with your doctor--your doctor is your 
friend. Your doctor advises you. Your doctor tells you what your risks 
are. Your doctor, more than anything, wants a healthy child to be the 
end result of a pregnancy. That is why they go into medicine. People 
here would put them in jail if they tried to save your life by using a 
procedure that they know is the safest one in an emergency.
  So repeating:

       The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecology, 
     representing 45,000 ob-gyn's, [says]: ``The intervention of 
     legislative bodies into medical decision making is 
     inappropriate, ill advised, and dangerous.''

  The American Medical Women's Association, women who go into healing--
women who go into healing--what do they say, 10,000 female physicians? 
They are opposed to this ban because it ``represents a serious 
impingement on the rights of physicians to determine appropriate 
medical management for individual patients.''
  So here we are, with everything else happening in the world, playing 
doctor--playing doctor--and putting women's lives at risk. It is very 
upsetting.
  I go home every weekend. That is why I could not begin this debate on 
Saturday because I go home and I listen to my constituents. They come 
up to me--as I know my friend from Washington goes home every weekend--
and they tug at my sleeve. Do you know what they are saying to me? Not 
ban medical procedures that doctors think might be necessary to save 
the life and health of a woman, no.
  They are saying: Senator Boxer, we are worried. We have 250,000 
troops ready to go to war. We are worried. Can we avoid war? We are 
worried. We are losing our retirement nest eggs. We are worried. We 
have lost our jobs.
  I have a chart in the Chamber to just put this into context; that we 
are standing here debating a procedure that, if you take the definition 
of D&X, impacts one-tenth of 1 percent of all abortions. I do not 
happen to agree that is what the bill does, but let's take the 
advocates' point of view. They say it is this D&X, and that is one-
tenth of 1 percent of all abortions, when these are the things people 
want us to work on:
  In the last 2 years, 2.5 million private-sector jobs have 
disappeared. And I know some of those families. And 8.5 million people 
are unemployed in the United States of America; 1.1 million in 
California.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Will the Senator suspend. The Chair advises 
the Senator she has used 9 minutes.
  Mrs. BOXER. Thank you, Mr. President. I will continue. Will the Chair 
let me know when I have used 11 minutes, please?
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Will the Senator let us know, do you want us 
to let you know when you have used 11 more minutes or 2 more minutes?
  Mrs. BOXER. Two additional minutes, and then I intend to yield back 
to my friend. And then Senator Murray will seek recognition.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair will advise the Senator when she has 
used 2 additional minutes.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. I thank the Chair.
  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, people are unemployed. Mortgage 
foreclosures have reached a record high. Forty-one million Americans 
have no health insurance--no health insurance--whatsoever. Nine million 
children do not have health insurance coverage; 1.6 million children in 
California have no coverage.

  Over 15 million Medicare beneficiaries have no prescription drug 
coverage. And 1.5 million violent crimes were reported in the U.S. in 
2001. The crime rate is going up again, along with the unemployment 
rate.
  We are talking about banning a medical procedure--or more than one, 
because the Supreme Court, by the way, in its ruling, claims the 
wording actually bans more than one procedure--we are doing that 
instead of this.
  Mr. President, 13.5 million eligible children do not have child care 
assistance. And 280,000 children in California are on waiting lists to 
receive assistance.
  There is a lot of passion about kids here. I share the passion. I 
share the love. I share the anxiety for those children. Let's do 
something to help them.
  Mr. President, 15 million children have no access to afterschool 
programs, and the President cut the afterschool program by 40 percent.
  One million children live within 1 mile of a toxic Superfund site, 
and the Superfund is in danger, and Superfund

[[Page S3387]]

cleanups are now cut in half. Talk about how it affects children. Why 
don't we do our job instead of trying to be doctors? If we do our job, 
we will have healthy children, get the parents health insurance, and 
the rest.
  Mr. President, 17 million Americans have asthma; 6 million are 
children. I will tell you, if you go to any school and ask the kids to 
raise their hand, a third of them will say they have had asthma.
  And 11.6 million children are living in poverty.
  Mr. President, I ask for 30 more seconds, and then I will stop.
  Bottom line: We are here in a situation where we are making a 
decision that is going to harm women. And through this debate I will 
show you the real faces of the women who have had this procedure. Some 
are very religious Catholics. Some are very conservative Republicans. 
And they are fighting against this with all their heart.
  So I do look forward to this debate because, frankly, if we can take 
this love we all share for children and put it to good use for all of 
these things I have talked about, maybe something good will come out of 
it.
  I thank the Chair very much and reserve the remainder of my time.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Pennsylvania is recognized.
  Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, the Senator from California suggested 
this procedure may be the safest one in the case of an emergency. I do 
not have a medical degree, but I do have common sense. I cannot imagine 
that any doctor, faced with an emergency such as preeclampsia, or any 
other kind of emergency to the health of the mother, would give a woman 
a pill and send her home for 2 days and say: Come back to me in 2 days 
so I can abort your child. And that is exactly what the Senator from 
California would suggest is necessary in the case of an emergency.
  Now, again, I do not have a medical degree. I agree with that. There 
will be a physician who does have a medical degree who will be here 
during this debate who will give you his opinion. That is our leader. 
But there is no way this procedure would ever be used in the case of an 
emergency. It is a 3-day procedure.
  You ask the doctors. I do not know whether the Senator from 
California did. Ask the doctor who designed this procedure. And it was 
asked, in hearing after hearing after hearing, and letters. The doctor 
said he did this for his convenience because it took him 45 minutes to 
do your average late-term abortion, but the partial-birth abortion only 
took 15 minutes--15 minutes after 2 days of the mother being home 
having her cervix dilated over time. So, please.
  And, by the way, I have had this conversation many times on this 
floor, where I have laid out very clearly this will never be used in 
the case of an emergency. You will find nothing anybody with a medical 
degree has ever written that says this will ever be used in the case of 
an emergency. But it does not fail that someone will come up and say: 
Well, you have to have this just in case of an emergency. You will 
never use this in the case of an emergency to protect a woman's health, 
life, or anything else. So let's just, if we can, try to stipulate to 
some facts, No. 1.
  No. 2, the Senator from California said this may be a medically 
necessary procedure to save the health of the mother. That is a 
statement I have heard numerous times. She was reading from some 
letter, which I am going to be anxious to read because I have not seen 
it. But for the past 7 years, for anybody who has questioned this 
procedure, I have asked one question: Give me a for instance. Give me 
one example where this procedure, which is not taught in medical 
schools, which is not done in hospitals--let me repeat this--not done 
in hospitals; it is done in abortion clinics, designed by 
abortionists--tell me, under what circumstances would this be a 
preferable medical procedure?
  Never--I underscore never--have I gotten a response. Why? Because 
there isn't an answer, other than never.
  Yet it doesn't dissuade anybody from coming here for years and 
repeating the same line. Oh, we may need this. This may be medically 
necessary. Give me a for instance--just one. Give me one. Never--not 
once, ever--has someone come here and given a for instance of when this 
was medically necessary to preserve health, life, or anything. So I ask 
the Senator from California, who has exited the floor, to give me an 
example. I have been asking for years. I am a patient man.
  Finally, she talks about how we are not doctors and we should not be 
here regulating medical procedures. I ask the Senator from California 
if she was a sponsor of a bill in which Congress banned, in 1996, a 
procedure known as female genital mutilation. I believe the Senator 
supported that legislation, as did I. It banned a medical procedure. I 
don't think the Senator from California came here and said we should 
not ban this procedure because we are not doctors. But we did ban that 
procedure.
  By the way, is the procedure in the medical literature known as 
female genital mutilation? Answer: No. That is what Congress called it. 
Does Congress have a right to label things what we want? Answer: Yes. 
It may be more descriptive and real in describing what goes on than the 
medical term, which is mumbo jumbo in some cases to us lay people. So 
the medical term for female genital mutilation is infibulation.
  If we came here and said we were going to ban that, everybody would 
look at me like I am looking at that word--having no familiarity with 
it. So we put it into plain language. Why? Because our job is to 
describe what we are doing. We don't want to keep secrets. We do enough 
of that. We want to accurately describe what is going on.
  The Senator from California voted to ban a medical procedure that was 
named in the legislation differently than the ``technical name'' used 
in medicine--the very argument she is making against this legislation. 
Not that we have to be consistent in the Senate, but I suggest if you 
are going to make arguments about what we are doing here, don't do it 
from a glasshouse. That is what the Senator from California is doing. I 
see a lot of broken glass on the floor.
  I yield the floor and reserve the remainder of my time.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who yields time?
  The Senator from Washington is recognized.
  Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, how much time do I have?
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Nine minutes.
  Mrs. MURRAY. I yield myself 9 minutes.
  Mr. President, I am dismayed and outraged that as we stand on the 
brink of war, as a quarter million of our finest soldiers gather in the 
Persian Gulf, the Senate is here this week discussing how to 
criminalize women's health choices. That is outrageous. I cannot 
believe the Senate leadership can find no more pressing national issue 
for the Senate to consider right now than abortion.
  I cannot believe my colleagues are so out of touch with what is going 
on in America and the world that we should be debating this bill, S. 3. 
For anyone who hasn't had time to read a newspaper or talk to a 
constituent in the last week, I will read you some of the headlines. It 
will help demonstrate what else we are not doing right now.
  This is from Friday's New York Times. Headline: ``U.S. Payrolls Fall 
Sharply as Jobless Rate Rises to 5.8 Percent.''

       Employers shed more jobs last month at any time since the 
     immediate aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks, 
     the Labor Department reported today.

  Saturday's Washington Post is even more alarming.

     . . . [T]he report showed significant declines in a wide 
     range of industries, including manufacturing, construction, 
     retail trade, transportation, and some service.

  How about this revelation: ``Chronic Budget Deficits Forecast,'' says 
the Washington Post.

       The Federal Government . . . faces chronic deficits that 
     only dramatic policy shifts can reverse. . . . Altogether, 
     the CBO concluded, the President's policies would leave the 
     Government with $2.7 trillion in debt through 2013, which the 
     Government would not realize if Bush's proposals were 
     rejected.

  The Associated Press reported on Thursday that the Dow Jones fell to 
a 5-month low. If it drops 400 more points, it will hit a 5-year low.
  On Wednesday, we learned that ``75 million Americans had no health 
insurance in 2001-02.''
  Today, the New York Times reported, ``More Students Line Up at 
Financial Aid Offices.''


[[Page S3388]]


       As the economic slump wears on, universities are awash in 
     financial aid requests that dwarf those of earlier years, 
     often from students who never thought of asking for help 
     before and now find themselves scrambling for ways to stay in 
     school.

  On Saturday, the AP reported:

       The Air Force Chief of Staff vowed to make the Air Force 
     Academy safer for female cadets. The Air Force says it has 
     investigated 54 reports of sexual assault since the academy 
     began admitting women in 1976. Many of the alleged victims 
     have said they were afraid to report the attacks because they 
     feared they would be reprimanded.

  Mr. President, this is a terrible situation. I commend Senators 
Allard and Warner for their leadership in working to address that 
problem.
  Unfortunately, the news overseas is no better than the news at home. 
The New York Times reported: ``North Korean Fliers Said To Have Sought 
Hostages.''

       The North Korean fighter jets that intercepted an unarmed 
     American sky plane over the Sea of Japan last weekend were 
     trying to force the aircraft to land in North Korea and seize 
     its crew, a senior defense official said today.
  Today's Washington Post reports that ``Iran's Nuclear Program Speeds 
Ahead; Making ``Startling' Progress.''

       U.S. officials . . . described Iran's progress last week as 
     ``startling'' and ``eye-opening,'' so much so that 
     intelligence agencies are being forced to dramatically 
     shorten estimates for when Iran may acquire nuclear weapons. 
     But equally striking is the extent to which Iran's 
     breakthrough caught the United States and others by surprise.

  Mr. President, these are the issues that I hear about when I am home 
in my State at the grocery store on Saturday morning. My constituents 
are terribly concerned about the economy, their jobs, their health 
care--or their lack of a job or health care. They ask about the war in 
Iraq and the threat posed by North Korea. My constituents have a vested 
interest in resolving the North Korean crisis, as do the Senators from 
California, since they have read news reports that the Western United 
States is potentially within range of a North Korean missile.
  We are living in very trying times. It is challenges like these that 
test the strength of a nation and its leaders. But for the good of the 
country, shouldn't we now, more than ever, put aside the wedge politics 
and get on with the real business of the American people? That is what 
they elected us to do. That is why each one of us is here today.
  Instead, we find ourselves on the eve of war facing a stagnant 
economy and the Senate is here debating a woman's right to choose.
  Someone just tuning into C-SPAN right now might think this debate is 
taking place on another planet because it is dangerously out of sync 
with the real threats that are facing our Nation. It shows that 
nothing--not war, not the stagnant economy--will stop hardliners in 
Congress from trying to appease their political base by pushing an 
unconstitutional, deceptive, extreme agenda on American women.
  But do you know what? If the Senate leadership wants to debate 
abortion on the eve of war, fine, bring it on, because it is time the 
American people see that they are using deceptive examples and 
misleading information to impose extreme, unconstitutional restrictions 
on a woman's health decision.
  Throughout this debate, I want to show that the Republican proposal 
is based on misinformation and is skewed to undermine a woman's legal, 
constitutionally protected rights.
  I am going to go a step further and offer an amendment that would 
actually reduce the number of abortions in America and ensure that low-
income, pregnant women have access to health care that will reduce 
complications in their pregnancies and ensure healthy outcomes.
  Like any debate on a sensitive issue, the debate on this measure is 
complicated. But it really comes down to one simple question: Who 
decides what is right for a woman's health? The woman and her doctor, 
or Senators she has never met? Who decides whether or not a woman will 
ever be able to have children? The woman herself, or a Senator who 
knows nothing about her?
  When you ask Americans who they believe should be making health care 
decisions, the answer is overwhelmingly clear: The patient should 
decide.
  We all bristle at the idea that an insurance company or an HMO would 
stand in the way of a doctor or patient making a decision about a 
medical test. Yet on this, the most sensitive and private and difficult 
decision a woman may ever face, the Senate is about to insert itself 
between a patient, her doctor, her family, and her faith.
  This measure would gag a doctor who is about to offer a woman a 
choice in a potentially life-threatening or health-impairing decision. 
It would substitute a woman's own judgment about her life and her 
family for the judgment of the Senate leadership.
  With all due respect, the Senate leadership does not know what is 
best for that woman, and neither do I, nor any other elected official. 
The Government should not be making a woman's health decisions for her. 
She should make them for herself, in consultation with her family, her 
doctor, and her faith.
  Mr. President, I will have much more to say about this and the 
amendment I intend to offer, but again, I have to say that I find it so 
amazing this Senate would be so out of sync with the fear and the 
anxiety in this country not because of some late-term abortion bill 
that is brought out for political reasons, but because our country is 
on the edge of a war that could change things for a long time to come. 
We are on the edge of a war where we have thousands of young people 
standing ready to do what this President asks. We are on the edge of a 
war where no one knows what the consequences will be, and at the same 
time, at home, we are facing an economy that is truly becoming one in 
which many people fear for their job, their health care, their ability 
to send their kids to school, and the future of this country.
  Those are the issues we should be debating tonight, Mr. President, 
not this issue. But we are here. We will debate it, and we will make 
the case that it is deceptive, it is extreme, and it is 
unconstitutional.
  I thank the Chair, and I yield the floor. I retain the remainder of 
our time.
  Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, how much time does each side have 
remaining?
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Pennsylvania has 3 minutes 14 
seconds. The Senator from California has 16 seconds.
  Mr. SANTORUM. Mr. President, I ask the Senator from Washington if she 
would characterize something that has, in the most recent poll, 70 
percent support among the American people as an extreme agenda item?
  Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I will make the case that this is 
deceptive, it is extreme, it is unconstitutional, and I will make that 
case over the following days.
  Mr. SANTORUM. So the Senator believes something that has 70 percent 
support among the American people is extreme. OK, I am interested in 
hearing that.
  Mrs. MURRAY. If the Senator asks me a question, I will be happy to 
respond.
  Mr. SANTORUM. I think you did. You reiterated your position you 
believe this is an extreme piece of legislation even though 70 percent 
of the American people support it.
  Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I answer that I think most Americans do 
not know the reality of the language of the bill that is being 
presented to them, and I will make that case.
  Mr. SANTORUM. This legislation has been around 7 years. This has been 
written about, described in detail in the national press, and I do not 
think we do the American public a great service by suggesting they 
cannot read and understand very clearly what this procedure is all 
about. I would argue probably the 30 percent who have not heard of it 
have not read in detail exactly what goes on. I make the other 
argument. But 70 percent is a pretty good start on our side.

  Second, the Senator says the Government should not get involved in 
regulating the doctor-patient relationship when it comes to women's 
health. Did the Senator support the female genital mutilation bill 
which bans a medical procedure that interferes with the doctor-patient 
relationship between a woman and her doctor?
  Mrs. MURRAY. That does not interfere with the doctor-patient 
relationship, I would argue with my colleague, and I am happy to have 
that debate. Senator Reid from Nevada has been adamant about that 
issue, and I think it

[[Page S3389]]

is totally separate from what we are discussing this evening.
  Mr. SANTORUM. This is a banned medical procedure that affects the 
reproductive system of a woman. I argue that you can make the case and 
you will ban things you agree with, but you do not want to ban things 
you do not agree with. That does not mean the Congress does not have a 
right, when we find something to be abhorrent, that we believe is not 
in the best interest of the medical profession and women in this 
country and particularly, obviously, the child in the process of being 
born, to step forward and ban what we believe are harmful and 
destructive procedures. That is what we have done in this case.
  The Senator from Washington spent 90 percent of the time talking 
about anything but this bill, which leads me to the old saw when I was 
a lawyer: If you cannot argue the facts, argue the law; if you cannot 
argue the law, pound the table. In this case, we are pounding the 
table.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from California has 16 seconds.
  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, we are talking about polls. I will give 
you a very late poll. This is an L.A. Times poll of the Nation: 45 
percent think we ought to be working on strengthening the economy; 28 
percent, fighting terrorism; 26 percent, dealing with health care 
costs; at that time, 25 percent dealing with Iraq; 18 percent, 
protecting Social Security; 7 percent dealing with tax cuts; and 7 
percent dealing with late-term abortion.
  The people are exactly where the Senator from Washington says, but we 
are willing to debate this and we are looking forward to a good debate.
  I yield the floor.

                          ____________________