[Congressional Record Volume 148, Number 101 (Tuesday, July 23, 2002)]
[House]
[Pages H5091-H5092]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
TOBACCO SMUGGLING ERADICATION ACT OF 2002
Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, this week, with the support of over 60 of
our colleagues, I am introducing major law enforcement legislation both
to prevent crime and to promote the health of Americans and people
around the world.
The Tobacco Smuggling Eradication Act seeks to slow illicit
trafficking in tobacco, the world's most widely smuggled legal consumer
product.
Across America this year alone some 17 States have already approved
cigarette tax hikes. Increasing the price of cigarettes is one of the
most effective ways of discouraging children from a lifetime of
nicotine addiction. While each tax increase advances public health, it
also increases the incentives for smuggling cheaper, ``tax-free'' black
market tobacco.
At a time of tight budgets, State and Federal authorities in the
United States are suffering losses of more than $1.5 billion each year
in evaded cigarette taxes. By cracking down on smuggling, we can
collect this much-needed revenue. With prices rising as high as $7 a
pack in New York City, the need is even greater to stop those who offer
smokers a nicotine hit without a tax hit.
The same incentives that exist here in America exist around the world
when American tobacco is exported--from Canada to Iraq, from China to
Colombia. Of all cigarettes manufactured within the United States for
export, it is estimated that from one in three to one in four of those
cigarettes will be sold illegally without collection of taxes.
Internal tobacco company documents indicate that big tobacco
companies themselves know that their cigarettes are sold to
distributors and agents who will smuggle them illegally. In too many
cases they have carefully overseen and even directed the actions of
smuggling intermediaries, ensuring that customers have access to these
lower black market prices.
The health consequences of smuggling are severe because the number of
nicotine-addicted children and poor increases dramatically with the
availability of cheap tobacco. The World Bank reports that within the
next two decades, tobacco will become the single biggest cause of
premature death worldwide accounting for 10 million deaths each year.
That is the equivalent of 70 jet planes crashing every single day, and
70 percent of these deaths will occur in developing countries that are
least able to fend off the giant tobacco companies and protect their
families.
These are unique individuals who will choke to death with emphysema,
wither away with lung cancer, or suffer the severe pain of a heart
attack. If urgent action is not taken, tobacco will soon end even more
lives than the combined total of all to be killed by AIDS,
tuberculosis, maternal deaths in childbirth, automobile accidents,
homicides, and suicides.
In preparing this bill, I have worked closely with Federal and State
authorities to develop measures that will help them better crack down
on tobacco tax evaders. This bill will enable law enforcement officials
to share information with foreign countries about international
smuggling and authorize new tools to combat smuggling within the US.
To prevent diversion, this bill requires that packages of tobacco
products be labeled to facilitate tracing them and verifying their
manufacturing source. Packages for export must also clearly be labeled
for export to prevent illegal reentry. Additionally, this bill will
close the distribution chain and prevent transfers from the legal
market by requiring retailers and wholesalers to maintain documents
that law enforcement needs to monitor tobacco shipments.
Essential Action and other public interest groups indicated in a
briefing paper by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Alliance
that requiring wholesalers, manufacturers and import-export business to
be licensed would be one of the ``most effective interventions against
large-scale smuggling.'' With the additional permitting requirements in
this bill, the US would meet this objective.
[[Page H5092]]
While, unfortunately, the Bush Administration has been largely an
obstacle rather than a force for constructive international action to
address nicotine addiction, I am pleased that next week in New York
City, the United States will host the International Conference on
Illicit Tobacco Trade. I encourage the Administration to actively
support this Tobacco-Smuggling Eradication Act, which the American Lung
Association and a number of other major public health groups have said
``makes good sense as a matter of law enforcement, health policy and
international leadership.''
We must act now to stop the smuggling and stop the mugging of the
world's children through nicotine addiction promoted by big tobacco
companies.
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