[Congressional Record Volume 148, Number 83 (Thursday, June 20, 2002)]
[Senate]
[Pages S5825-S5835]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2003--Continued
Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, over the course of the last hour or so, I
have had a number of conversations with the distinguished Republican
leader and the chairman and ranking member of the Armed Services
Committee. We have been discussing how we might proceed on the Defense
authorization bill.
I know there are Senators on both sides of the aisle who have
amendments they would like to have considered, and they are certainly
within their rights to offer these amendments.
My concern is that if we find ourselves in debates on unrelated
issues for an extended period of time, there is the real danger that we
will not finish our work prior to the time we leave next week. I have
already indicated publicly and privately to anyone who is interested in
the schedule that we must finish this bill before we leave. That is an
absolute necessity. So I do not want any Senator to complain about any
misunderstanding they may have. I want to be as clear and unequivocal
about that as I can: We will finish this bill before we leave.
As we have discussed how we might ensure that happens, of course one
option would be to file cloture. Unfortunately, there are defense-
related amendments that may be relevant and may be related to the
Defense bill but not technically germane.
I have consulted with the Republican leader, and we have concluded,
with the support of the chairman and ranking member--and I thank both
of them for their willingness to support this effort--we have concluded
that we will move to table or make a point of order against any
amendment which is not defense related from here on out in this debate.
We do it regretfully because we oftentimes are supportive of some of
these amendments on both sides.
I know an amendment was going to be offered on marriage tax penalty,
and I know some of my Republican colleagues and perhaps Democratic
colleagues would be interested in the amendment. There are amendments
on this side that I will move to table that I would otherwise support.
We have come to the conclusion that the only way we can complete our
work is by taking this action. So I am announcing at this point that
from here on out, all amendments that are not related to the Defense
bill are amendments that either Senator Lott or I or our colleagues on
the Armed Services Committee, Senators Levin and Warner, will move to
table or will file a point of order against.
I want to notify all of our Senators that will restrict significantly
the opportunities they have to offer additional amendments, but we
intend to follow through, and we hope that sends a clear message. We
want to complete our work. While we respect Senators' rights to offer
amendments, we need to get this legislation done.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Republican leader.
Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I concur with this agreement, and I will
support it. The leadership on both sides of the aisle and the managers
of the legislation on both sides of the aisle will support this effort.
There is no more important issue for us to deal with right now than
to pass the Defense authorization legislation that is necessary for our
military men and women to do their job, including the equipment they
need, the pay they need, and the quality of life they need, both here
and when they are abroad. So we need this Defense authorization bill.
We have already passed the supplemental appropriations to pay for
some of the costs of the war against terror, particularly with regard
to our efforts in Afghanistan but other places also. Now this will do
the Defense authorization for the next fiscal year.
These bills are never easy. In fact, they are always hard. Year after
year, though, under the leadership of Senator Warner and now with
Senator Levin, we have done it. We need to do it again. It should be
our highest priority.
I have urged that this legislation be moved at a time when we can get
it done before the July 4 recess. Senator Daschle has called it up in a
timely way. Now we see that without this agreement between now and when
Senator Daschle would probably have to file cloture and then get
cloture sometime next week, the amendments that would be brought up on
both sides of the aisle would be, more often than not, nongermane to
the Defense bill.
Senator Daschle is right, one of the first ones right out of the box
I am for. I think we ought to make the cuts in the marriage penalty tax
permanent, unequivocally. There are young men and women who are married
or want to get married and want to know what they can count on. We
ought to do that, and I am looking forward to finding a way to vote on
that again as I did last year.
Having said that, it is not germane to this bill. There will be other
amendments that can be offered on both sides of the aisle that are not
germane. They may be good and we need to consider them, and maybe we
can find a way to consider them, but we have important work to do. It
is not as if this Defense authorization bill does not have more
amendments that will need to be considered. There are a couple of big
ones that I know of, maybe more than a couple--I would say more like
five or six. So we have our work cut out for us to finish this bill on
its substance, on relevant amendments, in order to finish this work in
a reasonable time on Thursday and hopefully in such a way that we could
get an agreement to proceed on the Yucca Mountain issue.
I know Senator Reid would just as soon I talked all day and not said
that, but we have work to do and then we have work to do after that.
I support this effort. I think it is the right thing. I thank Senator
Warner for going to Senator Levin. They talked about this and then came
to us and suggested this was the right thing to do, and I certainly
concur. I commend them for being willing to take that stand.
By the way, this is good precedent. We might want to consider
managers doing this on other bills when they are basically attacked by
nongermane amendments to the underlying bills. If the manager will
stand up on both sides of the aisle and say we are going to table this
or we are going to make a point of order because it does not relate to
this very important issue we are considering, we can move our
legislation a lot quicker. There are culprits on both sides, and
sometimes I am one of them, but in this case it is the right thing to
do and maybe it will set a pattern for us for the rest of the year.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Virginia.
Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I do not wish to precede my chairman, but
I want to make sure I say this while both leaders are on the floor. The
distinguished majority leader talked in terms of relevancy; the
minority leader spoke in terms of germaneness. My understanding is that
the standard is relevancy to be decided by the chairman and the ranking
member in this case, and we will exercise that fairly but very firmly.
We are committed. When I approached the chairman with this proposition,
I said I will move to table on our side, he will move to table on his
side or make points of order, as the case may be.
The distinguished Republican whip participated in the conversations,
and I judge that what I am saying is consistent with all who are
listening at this time.
Mr. NICKLES. Absolutely.
Mr. WARNER. I thank the leadership. This goes back to the days when
[[Page S5826]]
I was privileged to be in the Senate with Senator Stennis, who will
always be the person who started me on this course of action; that is
the way he worked. That is the way John Tower, Barry Goldwater, Scoop
Jackson, and those who preceded us worked when it came to the issues of
national defense. They managed those bills with great skill, and less
dependence, of course, on cloture. I hope this will be the direction in
which we will move.
Mr. LOTT. Will the Senator yield for two points?
Mr. WARNER. Yes.
Mr. LOTT. I think Senator Daschle was very careful to say this would
not apply to the Defense authorization relevant amendments. There are
some that could be offered that they might prefer they not be offered,
but they would relate to military hospitals, for instance, as opposed
to germane ones, which would clearly be eliminated by a cloture vote.
Several of the amendments that have been pending or are being
considered, or suggested would be offered, clearly were not relevant or
germane.
The other thing is, I really was impressed when the Senator referred
to a fellow Mississippian, John Stennis, whom I had the honor of
succeeding.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Michigan.
Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, first, I thank our leaders. It is a very
difficult and challenging job to be leaders in this instance. They have
proven so many times over the years and proven it again this afternoon
the importance of taking a very difficult step, but it is a necessary
step if we are going to get the bill passed.
I heard Senator Warner with his commitment, and I join him in making
that commitment that we will move to table or otherwise make a point of
order against amendments which are not relevant to this Defense bill.
It is a better approach than a cloture approach because at least
relevant amendments which are not technically germane but are relevant
to defense will be offered and will not be tabled because of any
agreement between us.
I also thank our whips. Senator Reid, as always, is right there
helping to make the wheels move and to grease those wheels, as well as
Senator Nickles. I thank the two of them, but again thank our two
leaders for taking this very difficult step and committing to either
table or make a point of order against amendments which they may very
strongly support. That will go for Senator Warner and myself. I know of
a bunch of them already that I very strongly support but because of the
need to get this bill passed I will be constrained to move to table or
make a point of order.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The majority leader.
Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I thank my colleagues for their comments
and their support for this agreement. The Senator from Virginia made a
constructive suggestion that the two of them be the determinants of
relevance, and I think that is a very appropriate way to proceed. We
will have our managers make that decision, and I will stand behind the
decision our managers make on these amendments.
Given that understanding, let me say it is our understanding Senator
Murray's amendment having to do with military hospitals will be offered
shortly. I would not expect that the debate on the amendment would be
completed tonight, but I would expect that the vote would be sometime
tomorrow morning. I do not want that amendment to be all we do for the
remainder of the week. So hopefully we can dispose of the amendment
either tonight or tomorrow. We will consult with her on how much time
may be required. We have debated this before. We have had votes on this
on many occasions. So it would be my hope that we would not have to
debate it at length, but we will return to the floor to make some
announcement about the remainder of the evening and a vote on the
Murray amendment either tonight or tomorrow morning.
Given the fact that it is late in the afternoon, I would not be
surprised if we would have to wait until tomorrow morning, but there
may be hope we can complete it within a couple of hours. So we will
consult with colleagues on both sides of the aisle with regard to the
Murray amendment.
Senators may lay their amendments down. We will see if we can get a
unanimous consent agreement on the Murray amendment. If there is the
possibility of reaching agreement on time on the amendment, that vote
will still occur tonight.
I yield the floor, and I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Amendment No. 3927
Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I am hoping we will have an agreement and
I will be able to offer my amendment shortly, so we can have a time
agreement tonight and hopefully move to a vote on this quickly.
To save time, I will now begin a discussion of the amendment I will
offer. I hope to shortly send an amendment to the desk on behalf of
myself, Senator Snowe, Senator Mikulski, and Senator Boxer.
Every day since the attacks of September 11, the men and women of our
Armed Forces have been working overtime--often in hostile, dangerous
environments--to protect our citizens and to secure the freedoms and
values that we cherish.
This Department of Defense authorization bill will ensure they have
the equipment and resources they need to protect us.
Surprisingly, as the women of our military fight for our freedoms
overseas, they are actually denied some of those freedoms during their
service. Here at home, women have the right to choose. They have
constitutionally protected access to safe and legal reproductive health
services. But that is not the case for military women serving overseas.
So I will this evening offer an amendment to ensure that military
personnel serving overseas have access to safe and legal abortion
services. As many of you know, I have offered this amendment for the
past several years, and I continue to urge my colleagues to support
these efforts.
Under current restrictions, women who have volunteered to serve their
country--and female military dependents--are not allowed to exercise
their legally guaranteed right to choose--simply because they are
serving overseas. These women are committed to protecting our rights as
free citizens, yet they are denied one of the most basic rights
afforded all women in this country.
This amendment does not--and let me stress does not--require any
direct Federal funding of abortion related services. My amendment would
require these women to pay for any costs associated with an abortion in
a military facility.
In addition, this amendment does not--and again let me stress does
not--compel a medical provider to perform abortions. All branches of
the military allow medical personnel who have moral, religious or
ethical objections to abortion not to participate. This amendment would
not change or alter conscience clauses for military medical personnel.
This is an important women's health amendment.
Women should be able to depend on their base hospital and military
health care providers to meet all of their health care needs. To single
out abortion-related services could jeopardize a women's health.
Opponents of this amendment will argue that the military does now
ensure access for women. But under current practices, a woman who
requires abortion related services can seek the approval of her
commanding officer for transport back to the United States. Once in the
United States, she can seek these services at her own expense, but she
is not afforded medical leave.
In addition to the serious risk posed by delaying an abortion, this
policy compromises a woman's privacy rights by forcing her to release
her medical condition and needs to her superiors. She must seek and
receive the approval of her commanding officer with no guarantee that
this information will be kept confidential.
This policy also forces women to seek abortions outside of the
military establishment in foreign countries. Many
[[Page S5827]]
women have little or no understanding of the laws or restrictions in
the host country and may have significant language and cultural
barriers as well.
In this country, we take for granted the safety of our health care
services. When we seek care in a doctor's office or clinic, we assume
that all safety and health standards are adhered to. Unfortunately,
this is not the case in many countries.
From 1995 until 2000, the previous administration and former
Secretary of Defense Cohen supported this amendment. They argued it was
an important protection for military personnel and dependents. They did
not assume there would be any difficulty carrying out this requirement.
They were confident that the Defense Department would be able to
determine the cost of these services as well as ensure the availability
of providers.
The Department of Defense has been on record in the past in support
of this amendment by stating that it was unfair for female service
members serving in overseas location to be denied their constitutional
right to the full range of reproductive health care. Despite the
support of the previous administration, opponents still argued that
allowing privately funded abortions in overseas military facilities was
somehow beyond the abilities of the Department.
Opponents have argued that there is no way to determine the costs of
these services, despite the fact that private hospitals must determine
per-unit costs of per-procedure costs, every single day. Opponents also
argued that the military might have to contract for these services and
assume liability for these contractors. This is no different from what
the Department does for all military personnel. If a neurosurgeon or
highly trained specialist is required to meet the needs of our military
personnel, the Department can and does contract for these services and
of course insures the quality of these services by assuming the
liability.
I remind my colleagues that prior to 1988, the Department of Defense
did allow privately funded abortions at overseas military facilities.
Clearly, it can be done. I should also point out that it must be done
today in certain circumstances.
Under current law, the Department allows for privately funded
abortions in the case of rape or incest. It also may pay for abortions
in case of life endangerment.
For our opponents to argue that the Department cannot handle or does
not want to be responsible for providing privately funded abortions at
overseas military facilities, is to argue that the Department cannot
protect military personnel and dependents who have been raped, who are
a victim of incest, or whose life is endangered.
Is this what we are saying to the estimated 100,000 women who live on
military bases overseas?
Regardless of one's view on abortion, it is simply wrong to place
women at risk. Ensuring that women have access to safe, legal, and
timely abortion related services is an important health guarantee. It
is not a political statement. It is essential that women have access to
a full range of reproductive health care services.
This amendment has been supported by: the American College of
Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Medical Women's
Association, Physicians for Reproductive Choice and Health, Planned
Parenthood of America, National Family Planning and Reproductive Health
Association, and the National Partnership for Women and Families. These
organizations support this amendment because of its importance to
women's health care.
I would also like to read a letter I recently received from retired
General Claudia Kennedy, the Army's first woman three-star general.
Before she retired in June 2000, she was the highest ranking female
officer of her time. She writes:
Dear Senators Snowe and Murray: I am writing to express my
support of your efforts to amend the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003 to ensure that
servicewomen and military dependents stationed overseas have
the ability to obtain abortion services in U.S. military
medical facilities using their own, private funds.
The importance of access to abortions for military women
has not been discussed in public media very often, since many
of the issues that related to non-military women also are a
part of the social and medical environment of military women.
However, some distinctions do exist, making it imperative
that our soldiers have access to safe, confidential abortion
services at U.S. military hospitals overseas. Let me just
relate an experience of one of my soldiers about 15 years
ago.
I was a battalion commander of an intelligence battalion in
Augsburg, Germany from 1986 until 1988. One day a non
commissioned officer (NCO), who was one of the battalion's
senior women, came into my office and asked for permission to
take a day off later in the week and to have the same day off
for a young soldier in the battalion. She said the soldier
was pregnant and wanted an abortion--yet had no way to have
an abortion at the U.S. Army medical facility in Augsburg.
She had gotten information about a German clinic in another
city, and they were going there for the procedure. The
soldier did not have enough money to return to the USA for
the abortion. Further, she did not want to have to tell her
predicament to her chain of command in order to get the time
and other assistance to go to the States. I told the NCO to
go with her and to let me know when they had returned.
Later the NCO told me that the experience had been both
mortifying and painful. . . . no pain killer of any sort was
administered for the procedure; the modesty of this soldier
and the other women at the clinic had been violated (due to
different cultural expectation about nudity); and neither she
nor the soldier understood German, and the instructions were
given in almost unintelligible English. I believe that they
were able to get some follow up care for the soldier at the
U.S. Army medical facility. But it was a searing experience
for all of us--that in a very vulnerable time, this American
who was serving her country overseas could not count on the
Army to give her the care she needed.
During that same time frame, and in the early 1990's when I
was a brigade commander of an intelligence brigade in Hawaii,
I noticed that there were Army doctors who displayed posters
which were extremely disapproving of abortion . . . creating
a climate of intimidation for anyone who might want to
discuss what is a legal option. Since the doctors are
officers and far out-rank enlisted soldiers, and since the
soldiers have no way to choose which doctor they see on sick
call, it was only with good luck that a young soldier might
be seen by someone who would treat her decision with the
respect she deserved.
What makes the situation of a soldier different from that
of a civilian woman? She is subject to the orders of the
officers appointed over her. Every hour of her day belongs to
the U.S. Army, and she must have her seniors' permission to
leave her place of duty. She makes very low pay and so relies
on the help of friends and family to pay for travel for
medical care that is not given by the Army.
Of all the reasons we lose soldiers we lose soldiers from
their place of duty (for training, injuries, temporary duty
elsewhere, and other reasons), pregnancy accounts for only 6%
of all reasons for soldier absence. Yet, this feature of
women (that they sometimes become pregnant) is offer cited as
an attribute that makes them less desirable as soldiers.
While I believe that the difficult decision to end a
pregnancy should be completely individual, the institution
cannot have it both ways: to deny women safe and reasonable
access to abortion (in a world in which there is no 100%
effective birth control), and at the same time to complain
that women are pregnant.
I commend your efforts to remove this irrational and
harmful barrier to the health and well-being of our soldiers
serving America.
Madam President, I could not have said it better myself. Our female
military personnel deserve better than what they are getting. As we
send out troops into the war on terrorism to protect our freedoms, we
should ensure that female military personnel are not asked to sacrifice
their rights and protections as well.
I recognize the urgency in passing the fiscal year 2003 Defense
authorization bill. It provides important support for our military
personnel and infrastructure.
I thank the chairman and ranking member of the Senate Armed Services
Committee for their efforts to move this legislation.
I stand ready to support whatever measures we need to consider to
ensure that our military is ready to respond to this new world threat.
I only ask that female military personnel and their dependents be
given the support they deserve when serving in overseas military
locations.
I yield the floor at this time.
Again, I will offer my amendment as soon as we have a time agreement.
Hopefully, that can be very soon because I know we want to vote on this
and move on.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. Cantwell). The Senator from Nevada.
Mr. REID. Madam President, for the information of Members, what we
are going to try to do tonight is make sure that everyone who has
anything to say about this amendment has the opportunity to speak.
Whether you are for it
[[Page S5828]]
or against it, come over and tell us how you feel. The majority leader
has indicated we will schedule a vote in the morning. We are trying to
work that out now with him, but probably around 9:45 in the morning.
Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that there be 60
minutes for debate tonight with respect to the Murray amendment No.
3927, with the time equally divided and controlled in the usual form;
that no amendment be in order to the amendment, prior to a vote in
relation to the amendment; that when the Senate resumes consideration
of the bill on Friday, June 21, following the opening ceremony, the
time until 9:45 be equally divided and controlled in the usual form;
that at 9:45 a.m., without further intervening action or debate, the
Senate vote in relation to the amendment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
Mr. BROWNBACK. Madam President, reserving the right to object, I just
got a call in of somebody who may want to speak. If we can hold this
for a minute, I think we can check it out.
Mr. REID. Why don't we just increase the time to 90 minutes?
Mr. BROWNBACK. I need to check this out, if I can. I will object at
this point, but I hope we can get it done quickly.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection is heard.
Mr. LEVIN. I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. LEVIN. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order
for the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. LEVIN. Madam President, we require an awful lot from our service
men and women. First of all, we urge them to volunteer to serve in the
military. Then, we send them all over the world to serve our Nation's
interests. When we ask them to serve in foreign countries, the least we
can do is ensure that they receive medical care equal to what they
would receive in the United States.
Servicewomen and dependents who are fortunate enough to be stationed
in the United States and who make the difficult decision to have an
abortion can, at their own expense, get a legal abortion performed by
an English speaking doctor in a modern, safe American medical facility.
Military women stationed overseas do not have the same opportunity.
They can seek the permission of their commanders to return to the
United States to obtain an abortion, or they can seek an abortion in
foreign hospitals by foreign doctors, many of whom don't speak English,
and who may have different medical standards. These choices are not
acceptable.
I can only imagine how difficult it would be for a female officer or
enlisted person to have to go to her commander and ask for time off to
travel to the United States to get an abortion. This is a very personal
and difficult decision even under normal circumstances.
The alternative of seeking an abortion from a host nation doctor, who
may or may not be trained to U.S. standards, in a foreign facility,
where the staff may not even speak English, is an equally unacceptable
alternative. Our servicewomen deserve better.
Our laws recognize the right of women to choose. This amendment would
restore the ability of our female service members stationed overseas to
exercise their constitutional right to choose safe abortion services at
no cost to DOD.
The amendment to be offered does not require the Department of
Defense to pay for abortions. All expenses would be paid by those who
seek the abortion. The abortions would be performed by American
military doctors who volunteer to perform abortions.
Military women should be able to depend on the military for quality
health care, no matter where we may ask them to serve their country.
This amendment gives service women stationed overseas the same range
and quality of medical care available in the United States. We owe them
at least that much.
I hope soon there will be a unanimous consent agreement entered into
that would allow Senator Murray then to offer her amendment on this
subject. I hope tomorrow morning we can expect a vote on this amendment
and that the Senate will adopt the amendment.
I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I renew my unanimous consent request.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
Mr. WARNER. Madam President, I just received a communication from the
leadership. May I have another 3 or 4 minutes?
Mr. REID. Of course. I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for
the quorum call be rescinded.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that there now be
a period of 60 minutes for debate with respect to the Murray amendment
No. 3927; that the debate be completed tonight; that the time be
equally divided and controlled in the usual form; that no amendment be
in order to the amendment prior to a vote in relation to the amendment;
that on Friday, June 21, when the Senate resumes consideration of the
bill at 9:30 a.m., the Senate vote, without any intervening action or
debate in relation to that amendment.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. REID. Madam President, for the information of all Members, the
chairman and ranking member of the committee of jurisdiction of this
matter have a very important committee meeting at 9 o'clock tomorrow
morning. We asked them if they would allow us to go forward with the
vote at 9:45 a.m., and they said they have a very important witness,
Secretary Wolfowitz. They agreed to that 15 minutes.
I indicate to the two managers of the bill, we will drag this vote
out so they can stay at their meeting until 9:45 a.m. or a little
longer. We are not going to stick to our usual iron-fast rule that the
votes are completed quickly. This vote might take 30 or 40 minutes.
Mr. WARNER. Madam President, I thank the distinguished leader. Yes,
we are having a very important hearing, but I am certain we could
determine a point during the course of that hearing and the time
normally allowed for the vote for us to adjourn for, say, 10 minutes,
so that all of our members could vote and return to the hearing. I am
sure the chairman would agree to that.
Mr. REID. We hope everyone will get here as quickly as possible. That
being the case and this having been agreed to, there will be no
rollcall votes tonight. The majority leader asked me to make that
announcement.
Mr. WARNER. The time under our control will be controlled by the
distinguished Senator from Kansas.
Mr. REID. And the time on this side will be controlled by the sponsor
of the amendment, Senator Murray.
Amendment No. 3927
Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I call up amendment No. 3927 and ask
for its immediate consideration.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
The legislative clerk read as follows:
The Senator from Washington [Mrs. Murray], for herself and Ms. Snowe,
proposes an amendment numbered 3927.
[[Page S5829]]
Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the
reading of the amendment be dispensed with.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
The amendment is as follows:
(Purpose: To restore a previous policy regarding restrictions on use of
Department of Defense facilities)
On page 154, after line 20, insert the following:
SEC. 708. RESTORATION OF PREVIOUS POLICY REGARDING
RESTRICTIONS ON USE OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
MEDICAL FACILITIES.
Section 1093 of title 10, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (b); and
(2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Restriction on Use of
Funds.--''.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who yields time?
Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I ask the Senator from New Jersey how
much time he wants.
Mr. CORZINE. Five minutes at the most.
Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I yield 5 minutes to the Senator from
New Jersey, and then we will go to the other side.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Jersey.
Mr. CORZINE. Madam President, I rise today in support of the Murray-
Snowe amendment to the Department of Defense authorization bill.
As the Senate considers this authorization bill of great importance
to our military, one that I support, and I think most Members will, it
is critical to guarantee U.S. servicewomen and military dependents
access to safe and comprehensive reproductive health care services.
Current law prevents women in the military from using their own money
to access abortion services at overseas Department of Defense
facilities, except in the cases of life endangerment, rape, or incest.
Frankly, I think it is an outrage that women in the military--who
make the ultimate commitment to this county--are in turn denied a
freedom protected by the Constitution and afforded all women in this
country. It is hard for me to imagine.
This ban discriminates against women and their families by
restricting their legally protected right to choose simply because they
are stationed overseas.
Surely we do not believe that American citizens who risk their lives
in service to this country deserve fewer rights than other Americans
enjoy?
Because of the ban on access to abortion services at military base
hospitals, women are forced to choose between often-inadequate local
health care facilities or sometimes extensive and costly travel. In
both cases, the current ban has the effect of severely jeopardizing
women's health.
Let there be no exaggeration about the scope of the Murray-Snowe
amendment. This is not about federal funding of abortion. This
amendment would simply allow women to use their own private funds to do
what they would have the right to do at home, to access services at
overseas U.S. military hospitals.
In addition, it will not force providers, doctors or others, to
perform abortion services. All three branches of the military already
have conscience clauses that will remain intact.
Finally, this amendment respects the laws of host countries.
I urge my colleagues to support our women in the military by
supporting this amendment. Surely, women who serve our country have the
same rights as those who are here at home in private life. I thank
Senators Murray and Snowe for their leadership on the issue. I think it
is extremely important that we respect the right of choice.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Dayton). Who yields time?
The Senator from Kansas.
Mr. BROWNBACK. I yield myself such time as I might consume.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator is recognized.
Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I rise in opposition to the Murray
amendment. I think it is regrettable that we would tie up the DOD
authorization bill with one of the most contentious issues of our day.
Yet that is what is regrettably taking place in this legislation.
On February 10, 1996, the National Defense Authorization Act for
Fiscal Year 1996 was signed into law by then-President Clinton with a
provision to prevent the Department of Defense medical treatment
facilities from being used to perform abortions, except where the life
of the mother is endangered or in cases of rape or incest. This
provision refers to the Clinton administration policy instituted in
January 1993 permitting abortions to be performed at military
facilities. From 1988 to 1993, the performance of abortions was not
permitted at military hospitals except when the life of the mother was
in danger. That had been the longstanding policy.
The Murray amendment, regrettably, which would repeal this culture of
life provision, attempts to turn taxpayer-funded Department of Defense
medical treatment facilities into, unfortunately, abortion clinics.
Fortunately, the Senate has refused to let this issue of abortion
adversely affect our armed services and rejected this amendment in the
year 2000 by a vote of 51 to 49. We should reject it again this year.
It is I think very harmful and wrong that we would hold America's armed
services hostage to abortion politics using the coercive power of
government to force American taxpayers--that is who pays for these
facilities, the American taxpayers--to fund health care facilities
where abortions are performed. This would be a horrible precedent and
would put many Americans in a very difficult position.
Americans are being asked to use their taxpayer dollars to fund
something that many people find absolutely wrong and completely
disagree with, and we are asking people to use taxpayer dollars to fund
the Department of Defense medical facilities to do something with which
they disagree.
I realize we are terribly divided as a nation on the issue of
abortion. That is painfully obvious and has been so for the past 30
years, but here we step into the issue of taxpayer funding, the use of
taxpayer-funded facilities for abortions, and that is generally a
terrain where most of the public has been quite in agreement we should
not use taxpayer dollars.
They may say privately you can go ahead with abortion, other people
say no, you should not do that, but generally when you are saying use
taxpayer-funded facilities, most people have said we should not go
there, we should not use taxpayer-funded facilities for something that
many people in the public believe is terribly wrong. That is why I
oppose this amendment.
When the 1993 policy permitting abortions in military facilities was
first promulgated, military physicians, as well as many nurses and
supporting personnel, refused to perform or assist in elective
abortions. In response, the administration sought to hire civilians to
do these abortions. Indeed, there is a CRS study we have on this topic
which said that in the 6 years preceding the 1988 ban--I am reading
directly from this CRS report dated June 5, 2000--military hospitals
overseas have performed an average of 30 abortions annually.
Last spring, though, when the military medical officials surveyed 44
Army, Navy, and Air Force obstetricians and gynecologists stationed in
Europe, they found that all but one doctor adamantly refused to perform
the procedure. That one holdout, too, quickly switched positions. No
military medical personnel willing to perform abortions have stepped
forward in the sprawling Pacific theater either.
We can look at that and say there is not access to the service or we
can say that the military personnel are just very uncomfortable and
they do not want to do this in the medical facilities that are paid for
by taxpayer dollars.
Military facilities around the world operate as outposts of the U.S.
Government. These are our facilities. They are seen as our facilities.
They operate in many countries with differing ideas, with differing
faiths, and with differing views on abortion. They do not want to be,
as military personnel, having those abortions performed in these
facilities operated and controlled by the U.S. Government. They do not
want to perform the abortions themselves either.
This amendment would allow doctors to use U.S. Government military
personnel to perform a procedure that many countries and many cultures
view very negatively and as wrong. I think we should listen to what
some of our doctors are saying and, in the military, what some of them
are saying by
[[Page S5830]]
their actions. Therefore, if the Murray amendment were adopted, not
only would taxpayer-funded facilities be used to support abortion on
demand, but resources would be used to search for, hire, and transport
new personnel simply so abortions could be performed, and this is
abortion on demand.
I want to make that clear as well because the current law provides
for the use of these facilities for abortions when the life of the
mother is endangered or in cases of rape or incest. So we are talking
about the issue of abortion on demand.
One argument used by supporters of abortions in military hospitals is
that women in countries where abortion is not permitted will have
nowhere else to turn to obtain an abortion. However, DOD policy
requires military doctors to obey the abortion laws of the countries
where they are providing services, so they still cannot perform
abortions in those locations if they are in a country that has those
laws.
Military treatment centers, which are dedicated to healing and
nurturing life, dedicated to a culture of life, should not be forced to
facilitate the taking of innocent human life, the child in a womb,
abortion on demand, where the life of the mother is not at stake or it
is not a case of rape or incest. We already provide for that.
I urge my colleagues to table the Murray amendment and to free
America's military from abortion politics. American taxpayers should
not be forced to fund the destruction of innocent life when many are
deeply affected and believe this is not the sort of thing for which
their taxpayer dollars should be used. Enough people are disappointed
on some things we spend taxpayer dollars on without going into such a
divisive area in our country, using taxpayer-funded facilities to allow
abortions to take place.
If passed, this amendment will have a tremendously detrimental impact
on this DOD authorization bill, probably effectively killing it if this
amendment is included. I therefore urge my colleagues to reject this
amendment, for the benefit of the DOD authorization bill and the
benefit of the taxpayers who do not view this as the right way to use
their facilities, paid for at taxpayer expense, turned over as abortion
clinics.
It is a very divisive issue and an issue that is difficult for most
Members to discuss. It is an issue on which we all have taken a
position. All positions are clear on this topic. I hope we do not hold
hostage this very important bill that is needed for this country in the
time of this war on terrorism. Do not hold it hostage to such a
difficult, divisive issue.
I reserve the remainder of my time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Washington.
Mrs. MURRAY. I see my colleague from Maine, Senator Snowe, a
cosponsor of this amendment, who has worked diligently with me. I ask
how much time she needs.
Ms. SNOWE. As much time as I may consume.
Mrs. MURRAY. I yield to the Senator from Maine as much time as she
may consume.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Maine is recognized.
Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, I commend Senator Murray for her
leadership, once again, on this most important amendment to the
Department of Defense authorization. I commend her for her commitment
and perseverance on this issue. Ultimately, we will prevail. I hope
that will occur on this reauthorization. I am pleased to join my
colleague in support of this amendment to repeal the ban on abortions
at overseas military hospitals, an amendment whose time has long since
come.
Year after year, time after time, debate after debate, we revisit the
issue of women's reproductive freedoms by seeking to restrict, limit,
and eliminate a woman's right to choose. Think of Yogi Berra: I have
the feeling of deja vu all over again. To that, I add: The more things
change, the more they stay the same. Here we are debating the issue
again.
The most recent changes ought to truly give Members pause; all the
more impetus to ensure that things don't stay the same. We must
remember that when we are considering this Defense authorization during
a time of war, when Americans, both civilian and military are fighting
terrorism all across the globe, both men and women. In fact, more than
34,000 women were serving overseas as of April this year. We have
combined, between women in the service and dependents, more than
100,000 abroad. We recognize the impact that the failure to repeal this
ban has on so many of these women.
Think of the changes that have occurred since 1973 when the Supreme
Court affirmed for the first time a woman's right to choose. That
landmark decision was carefully crafted to be both balanced and
responsible while holding the rights of women in America paramount in
reproductive health decisions.
Importantly, while it has not always been easy, that right stands
protected today; that is, unless, you happen to be a female member of
the Armed Forces or a female dependent of a military member stationed
overseas. How ironic it is that the very people who are fighting to
preserve our freedoms, those who are on the front lines defending this
war on terrorism or other parts of the globe, are supporting those who
are fighting, are currently the least protected in terms of the right
to make choices about their own personal health and reproductive
decisions.
That is why I stand to join my colleague, Senator Murray, once again,
in overturning this ban on privately funded abortion services in
overseas military hospitals, for military women and dependents based
overseas, which was reinstated in the fiscal year 1996 authorization
bill, as we all know. It is a ban without merit or reason that put the
reproductive health of these women at risk.
Specifically, as we know, the ban denies the right to choose for
female military personnel and dependents. It effectively denies those
women who have voluntarily decided to serve our country in the armed
services safe and legal medical care simply because they were assigned
duty in another country. What kind of reward is that? Why is it that
Congress would want to punish those women who so bravely serve our
country overseas by denying them the rights that are guaranteed to all
Americans under the Constitution?
Our task in this debate is to make sure that all of America's women,
including those who serve in our Nation's Armed Forces and military
dependents, are guaranteed the fundamental right to choose.
Let's review the history of this issue. First and foremost, I remind
my colleagues since 1979 the Federal law has prohibited the use of
Federal funds to perform abortions at military hospitals. However, from
1979 to 1988, women could use their own personal funds to pay for the
medical care they need.
In 1988, the Reagan administration announced a new policy prohibiting
the performance of any abortions at military hospitals even if it was
paid for out of a woman's private funds--a policy which truly defies
logic.
In January of 1993, President Clinton lifted the ban by Executive
order, restoring a woman's right to pay for abortion services with
private, non-Defense Department funds.
Then, in 1995, through the very bill we authorize today, the House
International Security Committee reinstated this ban which was retained
in the conference. That effort kicked off the debate which we are now
having today.
Let me reiterate--and it is a point that needs to be made perfectly
clear--President Clinton's Executive order did not change existing law
prohibiting the use of Federal funds for abortion, and it did not
require medical providers to perform those abortions. In fact, all
three branches of the military have conscience clauses which permit
medical personnel with moral, religious, or ethical objections to
abortion not to participate in the procedure. I believe that is a
reasonable measure.
With that chronology fresh in everyone's mind, we should state for
the record to the opponents of this amendment that the argument that
changing current law means that military personnel and military
facilities are charged with performing abortions, and that this, in
turn, means that American taxpayer funds will be used to subsidize
abortions, is wholly and fundamentally incorrect. Every hospital that
performs the surgery, every physician that performs any procedure on
[[Page S5831]]
any patient must determine the cost of that procedure. That includes
the time, the supplies, the materials, the overhead, the insurance,
anything that is included in the expense of performing that procedure
is included in the cost that is paid by private funds. Public funds are
not used for the performance of abortions in this instance. That is an
important distinction to reinforce today. I know it is easy to confuse
the debate, to obfuscate the issues when, in fact, what we are talking
about is a woman using her own private insurance or money in support of
that procedure. We are not talking about using Federal funds.
This amendment we are fighting for is to lift the ban on privately
funded abortions paid for with a woman's private funds. That is what we
need to understand today. That is what this issue is all about. A woman
would have the ability to have access to a constitutional right when it
comes to her reproductive freedom to use her own funds, her own health
insurance, for access to this procedure.
I think when it comes to health care and safety of an American
soldier, sailor, airman, marine, or their dependents, our armed
services should have no better friend and ally than the Congress. I
would argue that is the case in most situations, but obviously there is
a different standard when it comes to the health of a woman and her
reproductive decisions.
Timing is everything because for those women who are in the military
or were military dependents overseas between 1993 and 1996, they were
able to have access to abortion services using their own private funds
at a military hospital.
If it is true that timing is everything, all those women who served
overseas since 1996 have lost everything when it comes to making that
most fundamental, personal, difficult decision. I repeat that--it is a
very difficult decision. It is a very personal decision. It is a
decision that should be made between a woman, her doctor, her family.
It is a constitutional right. It is a constitutional right that should
extend to women in the military overseas, not just within the
boundaries of the United States.
I cannot understand how anyone could rationalize that we could
somehow discriminate against our women who are serving in the military
because they happen to be abroad. I think it is regrettable because it
is shortchanging women in the military and the military depends on
women serving. We could not have an all-volunteer force without women
serving in the military.
I think it is regrettable that somehow we have demeaned women, in
terms of this very difficult decision that they have to make. There has
been example upon example given to us, to my colleague Senator Murray,
about the trying circumstances that this prohibition has placed on
women who serve in the military abroad. I do not think for one moment
anybody should minimize or underestimate the emotional, physical
hardship that this ban has imposed, a ban that prohibits a woman from
using her own private health insurance, her own private funds to make
her own constitutional decision when she happens to be in the military
serving abroad.
The ban on abortions in military hospitals coerce the women who serve
our country into making decisions and choices they would not otherwise
make. As one doctor, a physician from Oregon, recalls his days as a
Navy doctor stationed in the Philippines, he describes the experiences
and hardships that result from this policy. Women have to travel long
distances in order to obtain a legal abortion. Travel arrangements were
difficult and expensive. In order to take leave, they had to justify
taking emergency leave to their commanding officer. Imagine that
circumstance. So that everybody knows.
Some women, alternatively, have turned to local illegal abortions. In
other circumstances, their dignity was offended and often their health
was placed at risk, which was certainly reinforced by the letter that
was sent to both Senator Murray and me from Lieutenant General Kennedy,
who is now retired. She was the highest ranking woman in the military.
She talked about the humiliation and the demeaning circumstances in
which many women were placed, not to mention putting their health at
risk.
I hope we can reconcile the realities of the existing ban by
overturning this prohibition in law and granting to women in the
military the same constitutional right that is afforded women who live
within the boundaries of the United States of America.
I never thought that women should leave their constitutional rights
at the proverbial door, but that is what this ban has done. These
constitutional rights are not territorial. Women who serve their
country should be afforded the same rights that women here in America
have.
I think this ban is not consistent with the principles which our
Armed Forces are fighting to protect, and which the American people so
overwhelmingly support. I hope we move forward, and I hope we would
understand that women in the military and their dependents overseas
deserve the same rights that women have here in this country. They have
and should have the protections of the Constitution, no matter where
they live.
I hope the Senate will overturn that ban and will support the
amendment offered by Senator Murray and myself.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Washington.
Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, how much time remains on this side?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator has 12 minutes 30 seconds.
Mrs. MURRAY. I thank my colleague from Maine for her excellent
statement, and I yield to my colleague from North Carolina such time as
he should consume.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from North Carolina.
Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. President, I thank Senators Levin and Warner for
their leadership on this important bill. It is an important bill for
the country and we need to move forward on it. It is important work
they have done. I also thank my colleague from Washington, Senator
Murray, for her leadership on this amendment. Women who serve our
country in the military should have a right to use their own private
money to pay for safe, legal medical care that they themselves choose.
I wish to express my strong support for Senator Murray's amendment. We
appreciate very much her leadership on this issue.
I also want to take a minute to talk about the issue of homeland
security. In the last couple of weeks, everybody in Washington has been
talking about the administration's plan to reorganize a whole range of
Government bureaucracies into a new Department of Homeland Security.
Now Congress is rushing to complete this massive reshuffling in just a
matter of weeks.
I do not oppose this reorganization effort. In fact, I think it might
do some real good in the long run. I applaud the very serious people on
both sides of the aisle who are trying to make the plan the best it can
possibly be. But I am troubled that Washington is becoming so caught up
with reorganization that we are losing sight of our most urgent
priorities. Everybody is asking who will report to whom? Who will be in
what building? Who will get the corner office?
We are beginning to convince ourselves that by reshuffling the
bureaucracy, we are going to solve the real problem--that Government
reorganization can win the war on terrorism.
We cannot allow preoccupation with reorganization to distract us from
the clear and present danger from terrorists who are in our midst as we
speak. Our most urgent priority is simple: to find the terrorists,
infiltrate their cells, and stop them, stop them cold. In order to do
that, I think we need to address three critical questions directly
related to prosecuting the war on terrorism today.
No. 1, are we doing enough, everything in our power, to track al-
Qaida, Hezbollah, Hamas, and every other terrorist organization within
our own borders? To be more specific, are we doing enough to develop
and deploy the human intelligence needed to infiltrate these
organizations?
No. 2, does the FBI know foreign intelligence information when they
see it? And do they recognize all the uses of that information? For
example, if the FBI acquires foreign intelligence information in the
course of a criminal investigation, do they see the importance of that
information, not just for their criminal prosecution but also in
[[Page S5832]]
the ongoing effort to disrupt terrorists in their activities?
No. 3, having recognized the importance of information, is the FBI
effectively sharing that information, both within the FBI itself and
with other elements of the intelligence community?
No. 1, are we getting the information we need about the terrorists in
this country? No. 2, are we recognizing all the uses of that
information? No. 3, are we effectively sharing that information among
those who need to have it in order to react to it?
I believe the answer to all three of those questions is no. As a
member of the Intelligence Committee, I believe these issues are
fundamental to our ability to fight terrorism. They must be fixed now.
And they do not require reorganization of existing bureaucracy.
There is no question that we should reorganize the Government to meet
the challenges of the future. But there is no substitute for the urgent
steps we must take now, immediately, to meet the dangers of the
present.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who yields time?
Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I yield 10 minutes to our colleague
from Arkansas, Senator Hutchinson.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Arkansas is recognized for 10
minutes.
Mr. HUTCHINSON. Thank you, Mr. President. I thank the distinguished
Senator from Kansas for leading the opposition to this ill conceived
amendment. I thank him for his courage and conviction in this area of
human life. I thank him for yielding time.
I rise today in very strong opposition to the amendment that is being
put forward by the Senator from Washington. This amendment would allow
abortion on demand on military facilities overseas. In fact, it would
force the American people--including those millions who are strongly
opposed to abortion and who are pro-life--to help pay for abortions. I
know the opponents of this amendment argue otherwise. But I think a
little thought shows the fallacy in that proposition and that, in fact,
it would force those who have very deep conscientious convictions
against abortion to help pay for abortion on our military bases.
Abortion is an issue that continues to divide our Nation. The Defense
authorization bill should be focused on ensuring that our military has
all the resources to fight and win our Nation's wars. It is unfortunate
that this bill has year after year been the vehicle to attempt to
advance a pro-abortion agenda.
In 1976, Congress adopted what has come to be known as the Hyde
amendment. This amendment essentially prohibits the use of Federal
funds for performing abortions. It has been upheld by the U.S. Supreme
Court as constitutional.
I share the view of millions of Americans that abortion is a
destruction of human life and that it represents one of the great moral
outrages of our day and one of the great moral questions of our
generation.
The Hyde amendment ensures that the tax dollars of these citizens who
deeply believe abortion is something that is morally objectionable--it
ensures that those citizens are not forced to pay for something to
which they so object. It ensures that their money is not used for what
they consider to be the murder of the unborn.
This is the foundation of my objection to the Murray amendment. My
colleagues claim that no public funds will be used for these overseas
abortions. However, military facilities overseas were built with
Federal tax dollars. The medical equipment was paid for by the U.S.
Government. The military personnel facilities are paid from the Federal
Treasury.
Under the Murray amendment, will a portion of the cost of the
construction of the military facility be charged to the woman seeking
an abortion or will this funding come from the pockets of the
taxpayers, millions of whom believe abortion is a reprehensible
practice?
It would be impossible--technically impossible--to accurately
calculate the cost of reimbursing DOD for an abortion. It is not
feasible with existing information systems and support capabilities to
collect billing information relevant to a specific encounter within the
military health care system. Military infrastructure and overhead costs
cannot be allocated on a case-by-case basis. It is clear that the
Murray amendment runs counter to both the letter and the spirit of the
Hyde amendment.
A military health care professional cannot be forced to perform a
procedure, such as abortion, that runs against their moral beliefs.
That is a good thing. But it is a recognition we have had in the U.S.
military that physicians who have moral convictions against abortion
can't be forced to do that to which they morally object. In these
cases, the military will be forced under the Murray amendment to
contract out to civilian physicians.
In 1993, President Clinton issued an Executive order allowing
privately funded abortions at military facilities. That is what we are
voting on tomorrow morning. Every military medical professional
stationed in Europe and Asia refused to perform an abortion--every
single one; all of our military. I think it speaks very highly of them.
Every one of these military medical professionals in all of the
continent of Europe and all of the continent of Asia, to a person,
refused to perform abortions. Think about that.
Military funding will have to be used to pay a nonmilitary doctor to
come into a military hospital to perform an abortion. That, I think, is
objectionable to most Americans, regardless of how you feel about
abortion. It is unconscionable that this body is considering pushing
the military into the business of performing abortions.
We are engaged in a global war unlike any in our Nation's history.
The Defense authorization bill should be a vehicle to ensure that our
military has all the resources it requires to protect the American
people. Unfortunately, in this case it is being used to advance a pro-
abortion agenda.
This amendment addresses a problem that does not exist.
Servicemembers can use military air at virtually no cost to travel back
to the United States for any medical procedure--any medical procedure.
As the former chair and current ranking member of the Personnel
Subcommittee, I have spoken with thousands of our military personnel
all over the world. They have concerns about many things--concerns
about military pay, about housing, and about vaccines against
biological weapons--but not once have I heard a complaint about not
being able to get an abortion on a military base overseas.
It is the policy of the Department of Defense to follow the laws of
the nations in which our bases are located. Many nations ban abortion.
The Murray amendment would subvert the laws of those countries that
host American military personnel. South Korea bans abortions. Saudi
Arabia bans abortions. Essentially, the Murray amendment would require
Department of Defense personnel to perform crimes in the nations that
are hosting our military.
This amendment was defeated in the House of Representatives on May 9
by a vote of 215 to 202. Should this amendment pass the Senate and be
added to the Senate Defense authorization bill, it will be a heavy
weight on this bill. The conference committee will be sharply divided
on this issue, as are the American people. This amendment will become
the bone of contention in the conference committee, as it has been in
previous years and as abortion issues have been in previous years. It
will complicate what many of us already believe and anticipate will be
a difficult conference. It will complicate this conference on the DOD
authorization bill at a critical time in our Nation's history, when we
need to speak with one mind and one voice and when we need to move
ahead in unity to fight this war on terrorism. To see the DOD
authorization bill bogged down on an emotional and divisive issue,
which should not be in this legislation, is a disservice to those men
and women who are fighting this war on terrorism around the world.
The Defense authorization bill includes the funding that our military
desperately needs to fight the war on terrorism. It includes the pay
raise of our troops. It includes funding for important initiatives
aimed at improving the quality of life for military families. This bill
is not the forum for a fight on abortion.
I regret that the amendment is being offered. It will place the
Senate and the
[[Page S5833]]
conferees in the position of having to fight this issue out in what
will undoubtedly be a protracted, prolonged debate in the conference
committee.
Our military medical facilities are designed to save lives, not
destroy them. I ask my colleagues to not turn them into abortion
clinics. Please do not place this very heavy burden on the men and
women of our military, especially while they are risking their own
lives in defense of the American people against international
terrorism.
I remind my colleagues, it violates the spirit and the letter of the
Hyde amendment. No matter how you simplistically present it, you cannot
allocate all of the various costs involved in this procedure to
military personnel, to a tax-funded facility with tax-funded personnel,
and to equipment purchased by the taxpayers. You simply cannot
determine what that individual would have to pay to privately pay for
the abortion.
It is really not a problem. It is not something we hear a hue and cry
about from men and women in the military. And it violates, in many
cases, the host country's laws and will put our own military in a
position of violating the current Department of Defense policy, and a
right policy, that we should recognize and respect the laws of the
countries in which we are being hosted.
Frankly, and finally, it creates a great practical problem in
bringing this legislation to finality and getting it to the President's
desk and moving on at a critical time, as our Nation continues to fight
this war on terrorism.
I ask my colleagues on both sides of the aisle and on both sides of
the abortion issue to think long and hard about the wisdom of attaching
this amendment to the DOD authorization bill.
I thank the Chair. And I thank the Senator from Kansas for yielding
this time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who yields time?
The Senator from Kansas.
Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, how much time do we have remaining?
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator has 11 minutes 20 seconds
remaining.
Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I will be brief and allow the Senator
from Washington to speak.
Some comments have been made. I certainly appreciate the excellent
comments my colleague from Arkansas made. I think he very succinctly
put forward that this is not a major problem. It could create problems
in host countries.
We do not need to turn our military facilities into abortion clinics
and use Federal funds to pay for something a lot of taxpayers believe
is deeply wrong, the killing of life.
There is one argument that has been raised that I want to address
directly, and that is that we are denying women their constitutional
right if they can't use a military facility to have abortion on demand.
Remember, currently, women are allowed to have an abortion in cases
involving the life of the mother, rape, or incest. That is allowed at
military facilities today. So we are strictly talking about the
category of abortion on demand at military facilities.
It has been raised that we are denying women a constitutional right.
That is not the case. What we are talking about here is the use of
taxpayer-funded military facilities. If that is denying women their
constitutional right to an abortion, I would presume you would have to
say we are denying that here because we do not provide abortions in
federally funded facilities in the United States. We do not do that.
That would be contrary to the Hyde amendment.
This is not denying women a constitutional right. They can have an
abortion in other places. The Senator from Arkansas was commenting
about how that could occur. This is strictly about the use of
Government-paid facilities which we do not allow anywhere else in the
world because of the Hyde amendment.
The Hyde amendment says you cannot use federally funded facilities,
Federal dollars to pay for abortions. It is well-established U.S. law,
a well-established U.S. position. We would now cut an exception to that
if we allowed abortions in military facilities. The Clinton
administration had done that for a period of time, but that has not
been the law in this country for some period, since 1996.
So we are not denying women a constitutional right. This is about the
use of federally funded facilities, which we do not allow anywhere, for
the conducting of an abortion. I think that is a point we should make
very clear in this debate.
With that, I reserve the remainder of our time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Washington.
Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I thank my colleagues who have
cosponsored this amendment with me--Senator Snowe, Senator Mikulski,
and Senator Boxer--and remind my colleagues that what we are simply
asking for is that the women who serve us in military uniforms overseas
have access to safe, legal, reproductive health care systems.
This system today does not let them have that. They are serving in
the Philippines or Germany or wherever we have asked them to go, and
they want access to affordable health care.
I would remind my colleagues that it is not just the women who are in
the services; it is the dependents of these who are in the services, as
well, who are being denied. They have to go to their superior officer
to ask permission--usually an older person, usually a man--for leave to
come back to the United States.
They have to wait for transport on a C-17 or other military
equipment, which could take time, putting their health in jeopardy.
They have to be subjected to giving up their privacy rights because,
most likely, they will have to tell their officer why they want to come
back to the United States. So they are putting their life and their
health and their health care at risk. And these are women who are
serving us overseas.
All we are asking with this amendment is that they have the ability
to go to a military hospital--where we have health care equipment,
where we have safe equipment, where we have good doctors--to pay for
their own health care for which they are asking.
I have heard over and over again that these are taxpayer expenses.
The women will pay for the services. We are not asking for them to have
taxpayer support.
Mr. President, this makes complete sense. It is common sense. We
should treat our military women who are serving us as equal citizens to
the women who live in the United States.
I urge my colleagues to support this amendment tomorrow morning.
I am more than willing to yield back my time. I see our whip is on
the floor. And I see Senator Brownback is in the Chamber. I am willing
to yield back our time if he is ready to end this debate as well.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Kansas.
Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I would like to respond to the comments
of the Senator from Washington when she talks about the demeaning
situation that women in our military have to go through and
operationally discuss what her amendment would do.
She is saying they have to go to a superior officer, frequently a
male, to ask for permission. If the Murray amendment were to pass, we
currently do not have any military doctors--according to the last
survey we received from CRS--who are willing to conduct abortions. This
was the CRS statement I cited and the Senator from Arkansas cited.
The Senator from Washington is saying, OK, we are going to use U.S.
military bases as an abortion clinic. The abortion is going to be
performed there. Somebody is going to have to recruit a medical doctor
who is not on the military base because you cannot force the military
doctors to perform the abortion. Somebody is going to have to get the
approval for that to take place. Somebody is going to have to secure
the medical facility there at the military base for use in performing
the abortion.
The notion that women have given up all their rights to privacy or
their dependents have given up all their rights to privacy without
having the Murray amendment--I would say that it is exactly the
opposite, that it is more likely if they do have the Murray amendment.
They are going to have to get the military facility, recruit a
physician in that host country for them to then conduct the abortion
there on the base. Do you think there will not be
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significant military personnel who will know all this is taking place,
that there will not be more people who will know this is taking place
rather than under the current situation?
Again, this is strictly the issue of abortion on demand. It is not
about the life of the mother, rape, or incest.
So I would submit that the argument that a woman has given up her
right to privacy by virtue of not having the Murray amendment and the
use of a military facility--it is the exact opposite. If we go this
way, there are going to be a lot more people who will be knowledgeable
that a woman associated with the military is having an abortion. So
this is not a legitimate argument on the use of a military facility.
Mr. President, I hope we do not tie the Department of Defense
authorization bill up with abortion politics by inserting this
language. I think if we do, it is going to ensure that there is going
to be protracted negotiations with the House, which disagrees adamantly
with this language. And it would ensure protracted discussions with the
President, the administration, which adamantly disagrees with the
providing of abortions on military bases. And it would really, I think,
upset a number of people in the military who do not agree with
abortion. They are there to protect and to honor life, not to take it.
To add this language is the wrong way for us to go, the wrong way for
us to direct our military personnel to proceed. And it is going to
protract the negotiations, if not even kill the overall Department of
Defense authorization bill.
So I urge my colleagues, wherever they are on the issue of abortion,
to simply look at the issue of providing for the common defense at a
time we need to be united in that, and to not insert something like
this that is so divisive in this country.
I yield the floor and yield back the remainder of our time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Nevada.
Mr. REID. On behalf of Senator Murray, I yield back her time.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time is yielded back.
Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, yesterday, the Senate approved a Committee
amendment that authorizes military retirees to concurrently receive
both military retired pay and veterans disability compensation. I am
glad it did so. This is a matter of fundamental fairness.
This is an important issue for veterans. About 530,000 military
retirees either are or could eventually be impacted by this issue.
Current law requires that military retired pay be reduced dollar-for-
dollar by the amount of any VA disability compensation received.
There is no reasonable excuse for this offset. By faithfully
fulfilling their required length of service, veterans earned their
retired pay. That retired pay is for service performed in the past. It
should not be reduced because a veteran is awarded disability
compensation by the Department of Veterans Affairs because he or she
was wounded on active duty or otherwise lost earning capacity due to
service-connected disabilities.
It is absurd that today, in Afghanistan and elsewhere, military
personnel risk losing their retirement pay if they are wounded or
seriously injured. A military career is filled with hardships, family
separations, personal sacrifices, and all too often being placed in
harm's way. Denying a military retiree an earned benefit, his or her
military retirement pay, is unconscionable.
Last year, the Senate approved legislation authorizing concurrent
receipt. However, the final version of the Fiscal Year 2002 National
Defense Authorization Act that came out of conference authorized
concurrent receipt only if the President proposed legislation that
would provide offsetting budgetary cuts. Unfortunately, the
Administration opposes concurrent receipt, so this essentially doomed
concurrent receipt in 2002.
This year, the Committee bill for fiscal year 2003 that we are
considering phases in concurrent receipt over five years for retirees
with disabilities rated at 60 percent or more. The Committee amendment
that we passed extends that benefit to all disabled veterans.
The Administration has issued a statement threatening a presidential
veto of the Defense Authorization Bill if it authorizes concurrent
receipt of both retired pay and disability compensation. The Senate
should not be swayed by that threat.
Taking care of our veterans should be considered a part of our
national security. That is why I am concerned that, while the President
has proposed increasing military spending in fiscal year 2003 by about
$48 billion, his budget increases spending on veterans health care by
less than $2 billion, which is far less than needed.
This country made a promise to the men and women who risked their
lives in defense of this nation. They were promised that their needs
would be met by a grateful nation. Authorizing concurrent receipt will
be a big step toward fulfilling that promise.
More than 200 hundred years ago, George Washington warned that ``The
willingness with which our young people are likely to serve in any war,
no matter how justified, shall be directly proportional to how they
perceive veterans of earlier wars were treated and appreciated by our
nation.'' He could not have been more right. That is why we need to
make sure that the Fiscal Year 2003 Defense Authorization Act
authorizes current receipt.
Mr. KYL. Mr. President, In 1959, the City of Mesa, AZ wrote the Navy
asking for an aircraft to display at one of its parks. In 1965, the
aircraft, a Navy Panther, was donated for static display to Mesa Parks
and Recreation from the Naval Air Station at Litchfield Park. The
aircraft was used as a centerpiece for a children's playground.
In 1994, the City of Mesa auctioned off the relic as surplus
equipment to Richard Oldham for $100. The City of Mesa sold the
aircraft to Mr. Oldham in an open bidding process, and he has
temporarily lodged it at the USS Hornet Museum in California. He
intends for it to be transferred to the Women's Airforce Service
Pilots, (W.A.S.P.), Museum in Quartzite, AZ.
According to the Naval Historical Center, it is a common for the Navy
to conditionally donate aircraft, in what amounts to a long-term loan,
to municipalities and museums. Donation of aircraft to city parks is
conditional upon Congressional termination of title. Absent evidence of
the U.S. Government's intent to make the donation unconditional, (a
permanent transfer), the Navy would still hold title to the aircraft.
Under section 3, article 4 of the United States Constitution, only
Congress can make laws pertaining to the disposal of Federal property.
Since there is no evidence in the Navy's or the City of Mesa's files
that the Navy intended to give away the aircraft permanently, the
aircraft still legally belongs to the Navy, and it would appear that
Mesa did not have the right to sell the aircraft to Mr. Oldham.
I understand the Navy is willing to enter into a long-term loan
agreement with the USS Hornet Museum and with the W.A.S.P. Museum;
however, it would still be in the possession of the government.
Congress has in the past approved legislation to permanently transfer
ownership of Federal property. One recent example is in the FY98
National Defense Authorization Act. Section 1023 transferred two
obsolete Army tugboats to the Brownsville Navigation District,
Brownsville, TX. Section 1025 of the same act transferred naval vessels
to the governments of Brazil, Chile, Egypt, Israel, Malaysia, Mexico,
and Thailand. Congress does not transfer property to individuals, but
to organizations, muncipalities, and countries. The W.A.S.P. Museum is
a non-profit museum and is eligible to receive such a relic aircraft.
Aircraft 125316 will find an appropriate and welcome home in the
W.A.S.P. museum where it may continue to serve the nation as an
important piece of our nation's military history.
Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, I wish to address two amendments I will
soon offer to S. 2514, the Defense authorization bill. The first
amendment is critical to the training and future deployments of the
Interim Brigade Combat Teams, and is, therefore, vital to both
Louisiana and our national security. This amendment designates
Louisiana Highway 28 between Alexandria, LA, and Leesville, LA, a road
providing access to the Joint Readiness Training Center at Fort Polk,
as a Defense Access Road.
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Fort Polk has been designated as a home for one of the new,
transformational Interim Brigade Combat Teams IBCTs. Furthermore, I am
proud to say that Fort Polk will serve as the training site for all
IBCTs.
Louisiana Highway 28 is one of the primary access roads into and out
of Fort Polk. Highway 28 is the direct route from Fort Polk to the
former England Air Force Base in Alexandria, Louisiana. I mention this
because any military equipment designated for Fort Polk that is
transported via C-130 must be trucked to Fort Polk if it is non-wheeled
or non-tracked from the former England AFB. If military vehicles are
tracked or wheeled, they then trek the forty miles from England to Fort
Polk along Hwy. 28. No matter how the equipment arrives at Fort Polk,
the heavy trucks and military vehicles cause tremendous wear and tear
to Highway 28.
With the coming of the IBCTs to Fort Polk, the stresses on Hwy. 28
will only be exacerbated. Louisiana Highway 28 is a two lane highway
that currently operates over capacity, as it already has a traffic
volume of 2,000 cars per day. When you add 2,000 cars a day and 10
training rotations a year to a two-lane highway, the deterioration of
the road surface and the congestion of the roadway will lead to
numerous accidents, and possibly fatalities.
The commanding general of Fort Polk, Brigadier General Jason Kamiya,
and the people of Louisiana want to see Hwy. 28 expanded to four lanes.
A four lane highway will improve the safety conditions on the roadway,
and four lanes will allow for faster deployment of units stationed and
training at Fort Polk. During times of war, like we find ourselves in
now, it is critical that units can deploy to the battlefield as quickly
as possible. But, it is also important that our military achieve quick
deployments in training because our service men and women will fight
only well as they train.
The designation of Highway 28 as a Defense Access Road will allow the
Department of Defense to work with the State of Louisiana to pool funds
to make necessary repairs to the highway and increase the road surface
to four lanes to best accommodate the IBCTs. DOD will only be required
to participate in funding to the degree to which usage of the highway
is out of the ordinary due to the military installation or military
activity. It only makes sense that the Federal Government would aid
State Governments to make repairs caused by federal usage or
alterations to the highway requested by the Federal government.
Finally, there is no cost associated with the authorization.
The second amendment pertains to the most crucial problem facing our
United States Navy, both today and in future generations, the dwindling
size of the Navy fleet. The 2001 Quadrennial Review stated that the
Navy must maintain a fleet size of least 310 ships to achieve its
mission. This amendment makes it the policy of the United States for
the budget of the United States for fiscal years after FY 2003, and for
the future-years defense plan, to include sufficient funding for the
Navy to maintain a fleet of at least 310 ships. Additionally, the
President must certify within the budget of the United States that
sufficient funding has been allocated to maintain a fleet of 310 ships.
If such a certification is not made, the President must explain within
the budget of the United States why the certification cannot be made.
Today, Navy ships sail globally to ensure a world-wide American
presence and to immediately respond to threats against America's
national security. This amendment will make certain that the President
funds a fleet at least capable of meeting the Navy's current mission
objectives or explains why the Navy will fall shy of a 310 ship fleet.
Without the Navy, the United States could not have prosecuted the war
in Afghanistan as successfully as we have. On numerous occasions
throughout the war, our armed forces have been denied access to land
bases in foreign countries from which our forces could operate.
Nevertheless, when our armed forces cannot forward deploy because there
are no willing host countries, the U.S. Navy provides our military with
acres of floating sovereign territory from which the U.S. military can
deploy. Without the firepower, logistics, and transport capabilities of
the Navy, our ability to retaliate to the terrorist actions of
September 11th would have been compromised.
However, if Congress and the President do not allocate critical
resources to shipbuilding, the Navy will soon fall well below the
minimum level of ships required for the Navy to properly provide for
America's defense, a job the Navy has performed so admirably. Today,
the Navy has approximately 315 ships in its fleet, a number which
cannot dwindle or the Navy's operations will be gravely challenged.
This year, the President's budget funded only 5 ships. The Senate has
taken needed action to provide an additional $690 million in advance
procurement funding for 2 surface ships and a submarine. If current
shipbuilding rates are sustained, the Navy will only have a fleet of
238 ships within 35 years. That is simply unacceptable. 310 ships is
the lowest allowable floor, but Congress and the President should
strive to maintain a Navy of at least 350 ships to guaranty America's
sovereign needs on the high seas.
Accordingly, this amendment makes it the national defense policy of
the United States to uphold a Navy of at least 310 ships, as spelled
out in the Quadrennial Defense Review of 2001. Moreover, shipbuilding
must be a priority of the President, and the President must certify in
future budgets and in future year defense plans, beginning with FY
2004, that sufficient funds have been made available to sustain a fleet
of at least 310 ships or explain why such funds have not been made
available. I hope the Senate will support this amendment to provide for
our Navy which has provided for the American people since the
Revolutionary War.
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