[Congressional Record Volume 148, Number 61 (Tuesday, May 14, 2002)]
[House]
[Pages H2448-H2453]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
EDUCATION TAX CREDITS
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Issa). Under the Speaker's announced
policy of January 3, 2001, the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Schaffer)
is recognized for 60 minutes.
Mr. SCHAFFER. Mr. Speaker, tonight I want to talk about children and
the topic of education. I believe it is the most important issue that
we have to discuss, especially when we look out into the future of
America and where we are headed.
My colleagues who preceded me had a very excellent discussion, the
tenor of which I certainly concur with and agree. And I guess I would
ask colleagues to consider this same debate or similar debates years
and years from now, when the children of today are the leaders of
tomorrow and are debating these important matters of international
peace and security and all the topics that we deal with here in the
Congress.
I would invite my colleagues who may be monitoring today's
proceedings, if they are interested in engaging in this discussion or
participating in it, to come join me here on the floor. The topic today
is, again, education, and particularly with respect to the proposal of
education tax credits. This is something that our President has
mentioned frequently. This is a topic that has become well-known in
several States that have preceded this Congress in exploring the topic
of education tax credits, and it is an innovative idea and a way to try
to get new dollars, additional dollars to children for the purposes of
expanding and broadening their academic horizons.
I am one who believes here, Mr. Speaker, that if our children really
are important, and I believe they are, that this Congress ought to be
prepared to spend whatever it takes to give them the kind of quality
education that they deserve here in America, an education that is
second to none. Unfortunately, we do not have that today, yet we spend
almost every dollar we can dream up here in Washington and take from
the taxpayers in order to spend on education. We have spent
considerable amounts of money on the Federal education system, and that
is magnified even to a far greater degree when we consider the billions
of dollars, in fact the trillions of dollars that have been poured into
education around the 50 States and through local school districts.
At least at the Federal level, for the amount of money that we have
spent, about $125 billion over the last 10 years to be precise, we
should have better results, and we should certainly expect those
results to be far improved over and above the indications of today. Our
President understands this, and that was the basis of the legislation
he persuaded this Congress to pass last year. His first major
legislative initiative was all about education, and this was the core
of his campaign for office. He proposed doing for the country what he
managed to accomplish in Texas, and that was to first take into account
the huge numbers of dollars that have been spent on education and then
start asking questions, like what do we get for the money.
The governor of Texas at the time, our current President, was led to
establish a testing strategy for the State of Texas, and that testing
strategy has been credited by many with raising the achievement levels
of the poorest children in that State. The President touted as a
candidate the successes of Texas throughout the country, and the
American people seemed to agree with the President. He came to
Washington and suggested we should do the same thing for the whole
Nation, and the Congress, by a pretty overwhelming margin, agreed with
him. Democrats and Republicans joined together to help the President
pass what turned out to be a higher set of expectations for the Nation,
a system of national testing.
[[Page H2449]]
I want to start there, because what the President actually proposed
up front was not only a testing strategy, that was just a portion, and
in fact a smaller portion of his proposal, but he also proposed greater
flexibilities for the States, and the most important element, the core
of the President's proposal, was school choice. Unfortunately, the
school choice provisions were ripped out of the bill even before it
came up for its first hearing here on the House side, and the
flexibility provisions were removed too, by the time the bill got
through over on the other side of the Capitol, and all the President
was left with was this the smaller portion of the bill which dealt with
testing mandates on States.
In order to get the institutions of the bureaucracy of education to
go along with the President's idea, even one-third of his idea, we had
to feed the beast a tremendous amount of cash. We had to give more
money to the Department of Education and all of the institutions
associated with it in order to get them to comply or to go along. But
as I said, if our children are really important, and I believe they
are, we should be able to be prepared to spend whatever it takes in
order to improve their education opportunity, and we certainly did that
in H.R. 1. We expanded the Department dramatically in exchange for the
new accountability that goes along with it.
But we have not lost sight of the core element of the President's
proposal, and that is the school choice element. Tax credits give us an
opportunity to extend education choice to more and more Americans and
their children, and do so without threatening the education bureaucracy
in any way, without threatening all those institutions and lobbyists
that have built themselves up around the rules and the red tape and the
spending regiment of the education empire. It does so by bypassing all
of that, and in fact we are going to continue to feed more money to the
bureaucracy. That is really not in doubt. And I do not think anybody in
the bureaucracy needs to be threatened in any way or believe that their
jobs are somehow going to go away. On the contrary, we are going to
give them more cash. That is already budgeted and that is going to
happen.
But education tax credits allow and inspire new investments in
education, and that is why they are so exciting and why I hope a lot of
people are paying attention to the issue because it is a serious one.
It is one that the President has given his word that he is going to
help drive through this Congress. It is a topic that has arrived on the
priority list of the agenda items for our leadership, our Committee on
Education and the Workforce, and also members of some of the other
committees, the Committee on Ways and Means in particular, which deals
with tax policy, and a lot of people around the country are excited.
They are excited, Mr. Speaker, because they have managed to see how
tax credits work in a handful of States. There are six States, to be
exact, that have tax credit legislation on their State law books and
they are seeing the fruits of that. What I mean is they are realizing
that by manipulating the Tax Code, taxpayers are eager to contribute
money to the schools and to do so in a way that provides new kinds of
education choices to children who have not had choice in the past.
Education choice is not such an important issue to those who are
wealthy, because they can afford to buy it. They can afford to forego
the property taxes, the income taxes, the sales taxes that they are
paying right now, in generous proportions, I might add, to government-
owned schools, and, instead, pay additional dollars for the tuition
that it may cost to attend a private institution. So if you have money,
school choice is really not something that is out of reach. By if you
are poor in America, you do not have school choice, typically, except
in a handful of places where these tax credits exist; or in some places
where vouchers exist, which is something entirely different than what
is being discussed tonight, still a good idea but different; and in
places where private individuals have banded together to try to raise
money to provide scholarships for low-income children.
That exists in almost every State, these student tuition
organizations, as they are called. We call them in our legislation
education investment organizations. They exist in all 50 States today,
and they exist because of the generosity of many, many Americans who
want to contribute their earnings and pay back to society in some way
that offers real hope and opportunity for young children.
I have some letters from some of the children who have benefited from
these investment organizations, these scholarship funds, and I will
read from some of them. They are pretty inspiring and I think speak to
why we need to be aggressive about achieving this legislation this
year. But what we are really here to propose and to discuss is the
legislation that is in the works right now that will be introduced
within just a couple of weeks that will provide a change in the Tax
Code to make it easier for Americans to contribute to these scholarship
funds and to contribute directly to public schools for local
priorities, for priorities that are established by local school board
members or established by community leaders through the creation of
these scholarship funds.
The tax credits work this way: for every dollar that you would
contribute to a scholarship organization for poor children, or
contribute to a public education facility, a local neighborhood school,
you would receive a 50 percent tax credit from the Federal Government.
So for every dollar you give to the school, you cut your tax bill in
half for the equivalent contribution. And there is a cap on that. We
cannot make this unlimited, of course. We have to deal with some of the
financial realities of the Congress. So this is a $250 credit that will
correspond to a $500 donation.
I have a cousin in Colorado Springs who is a tax preparer, and just a
couple of days ago she asked me about this proposal. And she asked,
Will this benefit me? Will I be able to contribute to a school and get
the credit, since my children are not in the school anymore? This is
something that appeals to her, and she wanted to know if the credit
would apply to her. And the answer is yes.
And I think the question itself is really what is so exciting about
education tax credits, not only in this proposal but what we have seen
by way of the record in several States, and that is parents and people
in communities who are not even parents of children in the affected
schools are eager and enthusiastic about contributing to an educations
model in which they fundamentally believe. The notion of school choice
appeals to millions and millions of Americans. It does not appeal to
all Americans, but it appeals to most Americans.
So for those who believe that it makes more sense to continue
shoveling cash to the government, well that option is available. And in
fact most Americans will be forced to do that whether they really want
to or not, as we do today. But it provides a second option for those
who want to try something different, who want to try to bypass that
bureaucracy and get dollars directly to children.
So I am really enthusiastic about the proposal, and as more and more
people learn about it and hear about it, they are joining up with the
campaign that we have here in Congress to prepare the bill, to lobby
our colleagues and persuade them that this is the right thing to do,
that the experience in the States that have education tax credit
legislation is an experience worth considering and something worth
duplicating here in Washington.
I received a letter from somebody in Fort Collins, Colorado, they did
not give me permission to use their name so I will not, but in the
letter he says, one of my constituents says, ``Education tax credits
have the greatest potential to significantly and instantly affect
change in our current educational system. As parents know best their
children's strengths, needs and efficiencies, this tax credit would
ensure that money spent would be used in the most beneficial and
targeted way possible. With this legislation, parents would be
empowered to ensure that their children are equipped with the academic
and educational tools necessary to improve their quality of education.
Also, as this tax credit is for all educational expenses, parental
involvement in their child's education would be fostered and
encouraged. This bill will ensure that economic considerations will
never again keep lower-income children from receiving an all-
[[Page H2450]]
important supplemental education at home. The quality of our children's
education stands to be greatly enriched by this legislation, just as
millions of children across the United States would be affected as
well.''
Well, that is pretty compelling testimony, again from one of my
constituents. And I may raise this with him at another time to see if I
can use his name publicly. I do not have that permission now, as I
mentioned. But this is the kind of letter that many of us are receiving
here in Congress, and that is not the only one I have received in my
office. Again, this debate is taking place in my home State, so people
are in tune with it there.
{time} 2245
As I mentioned, in some of the States that have passed tax credit
legislations, and the best examples are Arizona, Pennsylvania, Florida,
and Minnesota has passed a tax credit bill, too. What they are seeing
in those States is really dramatic and remarkable. Here is some
testimony that was delivered in front of one of the committees that
took place in one of our States in terms of the impact that these
scholarship funds are having. This is from a student named Sasha. She
said again in prepared testimony, ``My family applied for a scholarship
for me to be able to study at the school that I consider a very special
place.''
Let me stop there. That really is the key because the definition of
quality of education today under the bureaucratic model that we have
established for the country falls into the hands of the bureaucrats who
run the bureaucracy. Let us say you have a 5-year-old that is going to
kindergarten, or maybe you have older kids and you move into a new
neighborhood. You call the school district and say, Johnny is ready to
go to school, what are my options?
The first question you will get is what is your address. When you
deliver your address to the person on the other end of the phone, they
will say your address corresponds to a particular neighborhood school.
If they have a lot of money where the school is usually better, or if
they move into a poorer neighborhood where unfortunately the records
show and is amply demonstrated, usually means that the school is not a
good one and not one you probably would choose if you had unlimited
resources at your disposal.
With a tax credit, the goal is to move away from trusting somebody
who does not know the name of your child with placing your child into a
school that they think makes sense for this child that they do not
know. Tax credits leave this decision to people who know the child
better, the parents.
Sasha wrote, ``My family applied for a scholarship for me to be able
to study at the school I consider a very special place. It is special
because it is where I learn the most and where I enjoy learning. It is
a place where I can dream, and have that feeling that I am going to be
successful in my life, successful because of what I am learning right
now. In the past, my mom tried to put me in Catholic schools, but she
could not afford the tuition for very long. Now I am in my second year
in the same school because of the scholarships she has secured for my
sisters and me. I will be very happy if I can stay at my school and
have the same good friends as long as possible. They are special,
too.''
Sasha goes on, ``I think school is important because I have learned a
lot of stuff that I did not know. I have just learned how to add,
subtract, multiply and divide fractions. We will be doing geometry
soon. I know I am learning all of this because algebra is coming. I
think that might be fun. Going to Blessed Sacrament is important
because the work is challenging, not easy. The most challenging subject
is math because of the concept of algebra. At first math was easy, but
now it is hard. I really try hard to get good grades.'' Sasha goes on
and describes her experience in the school that she was able to choose
as a result of her scholarship.
The reason tax credit legislation is relevant to this student is
because manipulating the Tax Code to reduce the tax burden on Americans
who contribute to such scholarship organizations will result in a
massive cash infusion in America's education system, and it will result
in the same kinds of positive experiences for more and more children
across the country, just as the experience occurred to the student I
just referred to.
Here is testimony from a teacher. This was given to the Colorado
State legislature, testimony before that legislative body. This
teacher's name is Maureen Lord. She is the supervisor for a group
called Save Our Youth. She told the Colorado State legislature about a
particular student named Joe Ray. ``Joe Ray was designated learning
disabled at the local public school. At the end of his fifth grade
year, he was reading between a second and third grade level, hated
writing anything. His distraction level was extremely high. To
complicate things more, he had some fine motor problems. Being an
elementary educator myself, I knew that Joe Ray would never be at grade
level if he continued in the public school system where he only
received an hour of special attention during each school day. His
future looked dismal for accomplishing the basic skills he needed to go
on to middle and high school.''
Let me point out that this experience is not unique throughout the
country, but it is also not the rule in most public schools. I would
bet that if Joe Ray lived in a wealthy neighborhood, that Joe Ray would
receive the kind of attention that he needed; but Joe Ray does not live
in a wealthy neighborhood, he lives in a poorer neighborhood in
Colorado. The only school that was available to him was the one that
the government said was available to him, and it was not a good fit.
The teacher, pleading on his behalf goes on, ``One day on the radio,
I heard about a private school that works with kids having problems
similar to Joe Ray. Unbelievably, they were opening another branch in
northwest Denver in the fall of 2000, and it would be located
relatively close to where Joe Ray lived. After visiting the facility
and meeting with the director, I knew this might be a fit for Joe Ray,
but there were so many hurdles to overcome. One of the hurdles was the
tuition. Joe Ray's family was in the lower socio-economic scale and
anything short of a miracle was needed for him to be able to attend a
private school. That is just what happened. Joe Ray applied for a
scholarship, and received a 4-year partial scholarship to this private
school. With the help from his mentor and his mentor's supervisor, the
obstacles were falling one by one.
``Let me tell you more about the miracles. Joe Ray aced last
semester's report card. His teacher says he is a wonderful young man to
work with and eager learner. The multisensory math program is helping
him to remember his times tables, and his confidence is growing. He now
frequently looks you in the eye when he talks to you. This is just one
young boy who is benefiting from the investment that scholarships made
in his future. I hope this is of some encouragement to you. We at Save
Our Youth are grateful.''
Joe Ray also testified before the Colorado legislature. He said, ``I
am really glad I do not have to go to my old school anymore. There were
always people selling drugs there. I was afraid to go to school because
I didn't want to get beat up any more at my old school. They gave me
the answers to the CSAP test,'' which is the State standardized test.
That is pretty common. I hear that not only in Colorado but in several
States.
``They were not very helpful to me with math, reading and writing. I
did not like my old school at all. I like my new school because they
help me better. They teach me in a way that is right for me. The
teacher is nice to me, and there are so many other school kids. I also
like that I do not have to switch classes. I like Dove Christian
Academy so much I want to come back again. The new school I go to does
help me a lot more. Dove Christian Academy does different things to
help me learn. I read a lot better now, and I think my math and writing
are better, too. I really thank ACE and the money they have given me. I
am so glad I was able to come to the school and learn. Now I have a
chance to get a good education and maybe even go to college. I never
would have thought of that before if it weren't for ACE.''
Pretty powerful testimony in one State that has an experience with
education tax credits. We can do this for the whole country. We have a
chance
[[Page H2451]]
to accomplish this in all 50 States and amplify the good record that is
taking place in a handful of other States across the country.
This is a topic that is not one that belongs to Democrats or
Republicans, conservatives or liberals. I happen to be a Republican,
but this is a proposal that has been advanced by Democrats and State
legislators around the country. It is supported by Democrats here. It
is one that has been proposed in my State in the Colorado State senate,
and a liberal one at that, and at the same time was being carried in
the State House of Representatives by a very conservative Republican.
It has the ability to bring people together of different political
persuasions because at its focus is America's school children. I have
to confess when it comes to the education debate in Washington, too
often children are the last individuals considered. We talk about them
a lot, there is no doubt about that. We get nice pictures of them up
here and try to suggest to the country and the world that the children
are at the center of the debate, and I think they are in our hearts. We
care about the kids, there is no doubt about that. But by the time the
bills make it to the floor of this House and over to the other side of
the Capitol, the lobbyists take over, and they watch every line item in
these bills and make sure that their organizations and their members
are not affected by the ideas that we advance to try to help children.
The children are at a disadvantage because they do not have lobbyists
here. Their parents vote for us as Congressmen and Senators, and
sometimes Members get replaced when they do not fight hard enough. That
does happen from time to time. The lobbyists watch much closer here.
They fight hard to maintain and preserve the bureaucracy and the unions
that go along with America's education system.
When you cross these powerful groups, the consequences are sometimes
very, very dangerous because they have millions of dollars to spend
against you. They have big political campaign war chests that they use
to try to persuade people that if you do not persuade your constituents
back home if you are not fighting hard enough for the bureaucracy, for
the institution or the union, that that means you do not care about
children and you should be replaced. They have a far more successful
ratio of replacing Congressmen who do not stand up for the bureaucracy
than the children do and their parents when children fail to be the
objective of education debates.
Here is why this is true. This chart on my right explains how money
gets down to a child. At the top is a hard-working taxpayer who pays
his cash, a portion of his earnings through taxes. It is not voluntary;
it is confiscated from his paycheck. Those dollars are confiscated by
the Treasury Department. His employer is forced to send a portion of
his paycheck to Washington, D.C. to the Treasury Department. The
Treasury Department takes account of all of these dollars, tracks how
these dollars are coming in, so that politicians, me and my colleagues
in Congress, we make decisions on how to spend these dollars. We spend
a pretty sizable portion on the United States Department of Education.
They occupy some large buildings. We allocate a big chunk to the
Department, and it goes to those buildings two blocks away. Once it
gets there, it is distributed and redistributed and transferred to
States, all 50 States and territories and districts, the District of
Columbia as well. At the State level the politicians there, the State
legislators, they divvy up the dollars that come from the Federal
Government as well as State and local dollars. They redistribute the
funds to the State Department of Education and that whole bureaucracy.
{time} 2300
The State Department of Education gives those dollars to the school
districts in all 50 States. In Colorado there are 176 school districts.
The school districts, of course, they are run by politicians, elected
school board members, and they meet with all the interest groups that
they have to deal with and they decide how to spend these dollars and
apportion them for the various schools within a school district. Once
the principals and the teachers and everybody at the school level have
decided how to prioritize those funds, then these dollars finally get
to the child way down here. By the time the taxpayer's dollar goes
through this whole vortex of bureaucracy and politicians, the
proportion of money that actually makes it to the child is very, very
small. In fact, it has been estimated that somewhere around 30 to 40
percent of the tax dollar taken from the hardworking American for the
purpose of education ever makes it down to the child.
That explains the politics of education in America, which has as much
to do with the necessity of education tax credits as the positive
outcome of tax credits themselves.
I have tried, as many of my colleagues have, Mr. Speaker, to try to
change this system from within. I came here to Washington because I
have got five kids of my own. I kind of feel that my children have kind
of the dead hand of government laying over their shoulder as they try
to progress in the public schools back home in Colorado. And so I
wanted to come here and try to fix some of this nonsense. I spent 9
years as a State Senator trying to fix it from here down. We made some
success, but this bureaucracy is large. Every one of these
organizations has lobbyists and they have interest groups. The
employees of the State Departments of Education and the U.S. Department
of Education, they organize. The teachers in all of these districts,
the National Education Association, the American Federation of
Teachers, these are two teachers unions that are frankly the largest
political influence in America and they are all a part of this process.
So when we come to Washington and suggest changing and improving or
amending in any way the flow of dollars through this process, you get a
big political fight on your hands. It is a fight worth engaging, do not
get me wrong. I enjoy doing it. It is the right fight. My kids matter
enough that I am willing to take it on and suffer whatever political
consequences might occur. But sometimes we win. Sometimes we lose.
Usually we lose. Anybody who wants to change this system usually loses,
because the relationship between these agencies matters more to
politicians in Washington and politicians in the States and ultimately
to school board members than the child does down here in the bottom. I
hate to admit that, but that is absolutely the truth. I would defy
anyone to try to deny that and would welcome a vigorous debate on that
point.
Again, I am willing to admit we all talk about the kid down here, but
when the debate takes place on the House floor it is all the people who
run these agencies that count the most, unfortunately. They are the
ones who are heard the loudest. Their voices tend to drown out the
child down here at the bottom and they drown out the expectations of
the taxpayer, too.
Rather than try to tamper with all this in a tax credit bill or an
education proposal, keep in mind that trying to improve this system is
an ongoing function of the Education Committee and we are working on
that, but that really is a separate debate than the proposal that we
are rallying around now. Because rather than amend this or change it or
do anything to this, we are going to leave it alone and try to bypass
this process with new money, not the old money. We are going to
continue to feed cash to this system in America. It is already budgeted
this year. Mark my words, when the appropriation bill passes, we are
going to grow the size of this bureaucracy because it does not matter
who is in charge, it does not matter whether Republicans are in charge
or Democrats are in charge, we are going to grow the size of this
bureaucracy. That is the track record. That is the way it is. We have
got to accept that. I finally have. But I am trying to find a way to
get this guy's dollar to that child and tax credits is a way to
accomplish that.
Here is how the tax credit model works. The hardworking taxpayer
donates directly to the needs of a child. Again, they do this through a
change in the Tax Code, not a change in the education bureaucracy.
Because the Tax Code allows this taxpayer to make a donation based on
what strikes him or her as a good idea, a local priority, an urgent
need, and to donate to that cause rather than continue to shovel cash
through that other system I just described, the bureaucratic model that
is Washington, D.C.'s education system. When explained to Americans
[[Page H2452]]
across the country, this is what Americans prefer. Taxpayers like this
guy have expressed to me, just as my cousin did last week, that even
though she does not have children who are in schools anymore, she would
love to have the advantage of a tax credit so that she could contribute
to the education cause in her neighborhood, for somebody else's child,
for a poor child whose future will not be so bright unless we are
willing to put the cash forward to provide a little freedom for the
child, a little liberty that wealthy parents can afford. It is not just
the individuals who can contribute. Our tax credit proposal also
entails corporate contributions, because we have heard from businesses
around the country as well that if given the chance they would prefer
to invest in an academic program in their neighborhood that is designed
by a school board member perhaps or maybe by a superintendent or maybe
by a church or a synagogue or maybe by a nonprofit organization, they
would rather invest in something they believe in locally than continue
to send exorbitant amounts of money here and have it filtered through
this process that I described.
And they like the idea that tax credits allows us to begin to measure
the fairness in education by the relationship between individuals
rather than the relationship between these political entities. And like
it or not, that is how we measure education fairness in America today.
Schools keep track of how much each school receives. School districts
keep track of how much school districts receive. They compare
themselves to each other. Every State has got a lobbyist in Washington,
by the way. Not the elected officials. I mean, they hire lobbyists to
come here. Every State has lobbyists back here. The lobbyist's job is
to make sure that Colorado, in the example of my State, is receiving
generally the same amounts of money that Kansas is or Wyoming or any of
our neighboring States. You have got this 50 times over as these
lobbyists are measuring education fairness by the relationship between
their political jurisdiction in their States. And then, of course, up
here at the Federal level, agencies and departments, they just do not
like to lose money. If a program received a billion dollars last year,
the people who run that program want to make sure they receive at least
a billion dollars next year, too. And if they have fewer students that
they serve, that does not matter. If they do not serve students well,
that does not matter. They just want the same amount of money or more,
because that is how they get the plaques on their wall suggesting that
they are good bureaucrats, good managers. These people work hard, they
care, they have been trained well to operate within the system. In fact
they have got their own language. If you ever sit in the meetings that
I get to sit in on, you will learn about this whole new language that
exists in the education bureaucracy. They have got all these agencies
and programs that are called by their initials, these terms that relate
to my kids that we do not use at home but if you want to be involved in
discussions about this, you have got to learn another language that is
kind of irrelevant and makes no sense to the taxpayer up here at the
top or the child down there at the bottom. Once again, that is fine for
all the people who work in this system, but fairness in education
should not be measured by the relationship between programs or States
or school districts or individual schools. Fairness should be measured
by the relationship between children down here at the bottom. That is
what the tax credit proposal really allows us to begin to do.
We get to start thinking about some of these students that are
referred to in this testimony I read. We even had some of these
students who came to Washington here and testified in front of the
Education Committee. When you hear from the children who speak in terms
of their future and their hope and learning about algebra and getting
back to grade level and going to college, students who have been
written off in the past, when you hear these kinds of stories, you
begin to care about the kids again. You do not care so much about the
comfort of the bureaucracy anymore. We will acknowledge that the
bureaucracy is a big organization. They have got lots of lobbyists.
They have got a lot of political firepower. We are going to leave them
alone. We are going to find a new way to change the Tax Code and help
children achieve their academic dreams.
{time} 2310
This chart is one that refers to just one scholarship organization
that exists today, and this is the kind of scholarship organization
that a tax credit would utilize in order to reach children. It is a
rather large one, it is called the Children's Scholarship Fund. I
pulled this off of the Children's Scholarship Fund's website. This
shows the concentration of applications that this scholarship
organization received from throughout the country. The blue areas are
places in America where children apply to receive scholarships from one
nonprofit organization in order to attend schools that the children and
their parents wanted their children to attend. This is broken down
based on concentration of students. I will not go through the whole
chart here, but the light blue is anywhere where you have from 1 to 99
applicants in a State; the red dots, these large cities, Detroit,
Chicago, New Orleans, we can see Atlanta, New York, and so on,
Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, these are places where anywhere between
10,000 and 80,000 people who are interested in scholarships might live.
Now, these are where the applications came from, and there is a pretty
broad level of interest from throughout the country.
Unfortunately, the Children's Scholarship Fund, again, a private
organization, not a government institution; it gives scholarships out
based on how many people want to contribute to the scholarship fund out
of their own free will as a donation; they do not have unlimited
resources. They cannot give scholarships to all of these kids who want
academic freedom, who want a little liberty in their lives, who want to
be treated as well as wealthy children are who can choose the kind of
school they want to attend. So all of these applicants applied, but
only a fraction of them actually walked away with a scholarship and
ended up with some of the success stories that I read about a little
earlier.
The second chart shows us the distribution of recipients, and it is
broken down by counties. We can see that the scholarship fund, this
particular organization, the Children's Scholarship Fund does a great
job. They reach thousands of children around America, but there is a
lot that are just overlooked by this one organization.
What a tax credit will allow is for every taxpayer in America to
contribute to an organization like the Children's Scholarship Fund.
This would be one of their options. As I say, this is a large one that
has kind of a national emphasis, but every one of our States, Mr.
Speaker, has an organization similar to this one in it, at least one.
The State of Arizona has about 70 of them.
The reason Arizona, if I can use Arizona as an example, the reason
Arizona has so many scholarship organizations in it is because Arizona
as a State passed education tax credit legislation 3 years ago. As time
goes on, more and more people are deciding to send their State tax
dollars to these scholarship organizations to help children. The impact
that it is having on Arizona's children, especially the poor, is rather
remarkable. In fact, it has been studied pretty extensively.
I just happen to have the analysis of the Arizona tax credit plan,
the Arizona scholarship plan. This is a report that was written by 2
researchers, Carrie Lips and Jennifer Jacoby. In fact, Carrie Lips now
works here for the House of Representatives and the Republican Policy
Committee. What this report shows is really remarkable. It shows that
between 1998 and 2000, the tax credit in Arizona generated 32 million
new dollars and funded almost 19,000 scholarships through more than 30
scholarship organizations. Now, that is $32 million in the education
system of Arizona that was not there before. It is $32 million that did
not come from Arizona's public education system, but new dollars that
came out of the pockets of Arizonans on a voluntary basis, because the
Tax Code in Arizona makes it easier for people to invest in the number
1, most important industry in America, which is education. They believe
that in Arizona. Mr. Speaker, 19,000 scholarships in just 3 years.
People care about this. They have made a huge difference in the lives
of students there.
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I have heard similar stories around the country in some of these
other States that have embarked on tax credit legislation at the State
level, in Pennsylvania and Florida, just to name a few. More than 80
percent of those scholarships in Arizona were rewarded to recipients
who were selected on the basis of financial need. Every scholarship
representative reported financial need is considered in the allocation
process. What I mean by that is every one of the organizations, I think
there are 70 organizations now in 2002 that distribute these funds,
they all report that financial need is a consideration of allocation of
spending. The taxpayers win in the end. They save money. First of all,
the public school system has a little bit of a cushion associated with
this. The students who go to nongovernment-owned schools as a result of
the Arizona plan actually save money for the government-owned
institutions, and it is just staggering. In the year 2000, in Arizona,
37,000 citizens voluntarily contributed to scholarship programs like
the one I described, and again, this is just one State, one State's
example, one State's experience, one more reason why education tax
credits need to be considered here in Washington; one more example why
our President has committed to lend his support and the power and might
of the President's office to get a tax credit proposal through this
Congress.
Mr. Speaker, it is not just politicians and children and the donors
who recognize this. The media does too. Again, I mentioned the debate
that is taking place in Colorado right now over tax credits. Here are
very liberal newspapers who almost always oppose school choice
proposals, either at the State or Federal level, but a tax credit plan
seems to have some appeal, even among these liberal organizations. The
Denver Post says in its editorial, ``tuition tax credit laudable.''
They talk about how a neighborhood, in Denver, ``a neighborhood rich in
diversity with new immigrants, the home to many monolingual Spanish
speaking children and parents who need special education services.'' It
goes on and on about the children in these neighborhoods and how they
will benefit from education tax credits, a proposal that is similar to
the one in Arizona, Florida, Pennsylvania, and Illinois, and it talks
about how Colorado's proposal, if it were to pass, would have an even
more positive impact there.
Here is one from the Fort Collins Coloradan, and this is probably one
of the most liberal newspapers in the entire State of Colorado; in
fact, probably in the country, and they agree. ``Tax credit for low-
income programs are needed.'' Helping children value education and stay
in school, and they talk about how Hispanic organizations and Hispanic
leaders, minority leaders are rallying around this education proposal,
but there is a lone opponents. It says, ``nor do we agree with Ron
Brady, President of the CEA,'' which is the Colorado Education
Association, that is the local regiment of the NEA, the National
Education Association, and it is the largest political lobbying,
political special interest group in America, and very powerful. They
have a good record of crushing bills that help poor children like this.
So that is the fight that is taking place in Colorado. Hopefully,
hopefully, the poor children will win and the tax credit bill will
pass.
Then, here is the article from the Coloradan. ``Bill-boosting
education organizations draws debate. Hispanics praise it, but school
officials call it detrimental.''
That is the debate I would anticipate here in Washington as well. We
do have support from our Department of Education and our leadership
there. We have support from our own President; we have lots of support
here in the Congress. But once again, the many, many thousands of
employees who work in these various political entities and
organizations, they are the ones who oppose these efforts to reach out
to poor children in the States; they are the ones who have expressed
the greatest amount of resistance here in Washington. It is the right
fight, though, for children.
For those of us who came here to Washington to try to beat this
bureaucracy, to try to shape it into something that benefits kids in
the end, it is another good fight. I think the strategy of this makes a
lot of sense, because we are not going to touch any of this. We are
going to leave the bureaucracy in place. We are going to bypass it
through the Tax Code and allow the hard-working taxpayers to contribute
to the academic dreams of America's schoolchildren.
{time} 2320
It is a good plan.
Just as I close, in terms of strategy for those of our colleagues who
are interested in the legislation and have their staff members
investigating it, we have had all the meetings with the Committee on
Education and the Workforce, with the Committee on Ways and Means and
we are trying to get as many considerations taken into account as we
get the final drafts passed. We intend to get a draft that will move
through committee rather quickly. We have a commitment from our
leadership to accomplish that in June and bring a bill to this floor.
We are working with our friends in the Senate as well, and we have some
cause for optimism on the Senate side. It is, again, because of the
track record of the States that we have seen and the enthusiasm of so
many outside groups and organizations that care about education that
this is really a high point that warrants real excitement. Children are
going to win. Taxpayers are going to win. The country is going to win,
and those are the kind of victories we all need to celebrate and get
behind.
Mr. Speaker, I thank you for the recognition this evening.
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