[Congressional Record Volume 148, Number 39 (Thursday, April 11, 2002)]
[Senate]
[Page S2572]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]


          ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT

  Mr. DODD. Madam President, today with the deposit of the 66th 
instruments of ratification of the Rome Statute, the International 
Criminal Court is on track to enter into force on July 1. I rise to 
acknowledge and congratulate those who have labored to reach this 
moment--the creation of a permanent international forum to bring to 
justice heinous criminals who have committed crimes against humanity, 
the fulfillment of the legacy of Nuremberg. The Nuremberg Trial of the 
leading Nazi war criminals following World War II was a landmark in the 
struggle to deter and punish crimes of war and genocide, setting the 
stage for the Geneva and Genocide Conventions. It was also largely an 
American initiative. Justice Robert Jackson's team drove the process of 
drafting the indictments, gathering the evidence and conducting this 
extraordinary case.
  My father, Thomas J. Dodd, served as executive trial counsel at 
Nuremberg, it was among his proudest accomplishments. I believe that he 
would have been proud today to see the International Criminal Court, 
ICC, come into existence. He believed that America had a special role 
to help make the rule of law relevant in every corner of the globe. I 
believe that he would have endorsed President Clinton's decision to 
sign the Rome Statute in December of 2000 on behalf of the United 
States. President Clinton did so knowing full well that much work 
remains to be done before the United States can become a party to the 
U.N. convention establishing an International Criminal Court.
  Now that the establishment of the ICC is inevitable, the United 
States must now determine what its relationship with the Court will be. 
Rather than adopting a course that will pit us against our best friends 
and allies, I call for the United States to be actively engaged with 
the ICC in working to ensure that it demonstrates the highest standards 
of jurisprudence and integrity. Although the United States is not a 
party to the treaty, The United States should feel free to raise its 
voice and give its opinion on who should be selected to be the Court's 
judges and prosecutors. The United States should also use its seat on 
the U.N.'s Security Council to refer situations to the Court, such as 
the current conflict in Sudan that has already claimed over 2 million 
lives as a result of war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity. 
And above all, the United States should be a watchdog of the Court's 
integrity and keep it laser focused on its primary task, bringing to 
justice the worlds worst criminals.
  There are those in Congress and the Administration who would have the 
United States repudiate the ICC, and work to tear it down. They would 
have us take the unprecedented step of ``unsigning'' the Rome Statute. 
I have just cited a number of vital American interests that are wrapped 
up in the Court. Those interests are not going to be erased with the 
name of the United States from the Rome Statute. That is why I 
strenuously oppose such action: it is irresponsible, isolationist, and 
contrary to our vital national interests. Many of our closest allies 
have put their faith in the vision of this new legal instrument. We 
should give them the benefit of the doubt that they are committed to 
making the court work to strengthen international respect for the rule 
of law. I will include the list of the States that have signed and 
ratified the Rome Statute at the conclusion of my remarks.
  I call on the Bush administration to recognize that there is a 
constructive and useful role that the United States can perform without 
making a decision at this juncture concerning US ratification. We 
should be prepared to lend our expertise in grappling with the many 
issues that remain to be resolved before the court becomes fully 
functioning. That is what a global power with the stature of the United 
States should do.
  I ask unanimous consent to print in the Record the list of States to 
which I referred.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

     ROME STATUTE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT--PARTICIPANTS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Participant                  Signature         Ratification
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Albania..........................  18 Jul 1998         .................
Algeria..........................  28 Dec 2000         .................
Andorra..........................  18 Jul 1998         30 Apr 2001
Angola...........................  7 Oct 1998          .................
Antigua and Barbuda..............  23 Oct 1998         18 Jun 2001
Argentina........................  8 Jan 1999          8 Feb 2001
Armenia..........................  1 Oct 1999          .................
Australia........................  9 Dec 1998          .................
Austria..........................  7 Oct 1998          28 Dec 2000
Bahamas..........................  29 Dec 2000         .................
Bahrain..........................  11 Dec 2000         .................
Bangladesh.......................  16 Sep 1999         .................
Barbados.........................  8 Sep 2000          .................
Belgium..........................  10 Sep 1998         28 Jun 2000
Belize...........................  5 Apr 2000          5 Apr 2000
Benin............................  24 Sep 1999         22 Jan 2002
Bolivia..........................  17 Jul 1998         .................
Bosnia and Herzegovina...........  17 Jul 2000         11 Apr 2002
Botswana.........................  8 Sep 2000          8 Sep 2000
Brazil...........................  7 Feb 2000          .................
Bulgaria.........................  11 Feb 1999         11 Apr 2002
Burkina Faso.....................  30 Nov 1998         .................
Burundi..........................  13 Jan 1999         .................
Cambodia.........................  23 Oct 2000         11 Apr 2002
Cameroon.........................  17 Jul 1998         .................
Canada...........................  18 Dec 1998         7 Jul 2000
Cape Verde.......................  28 Dec 2000         .................
Central African Republic.........  7 Dec 1999          3 Oct 2001
Chad.............................  20 Oct 1999         .................
Chile............................  11 Sep 1998         .................
Colombia.........................  10 Dec 1998         .................
Comoros..........................  22 Sep 2000         .................
Congo............................  17 Jul 1998         .................
Costa Rica.......................  7 Oct 1998          7 June 2001
Cote d'lvoire....................  30 Nov 1998         .................
Croatia..........................  12 Oct 1998         21 May 2001
Cyprus...........................  15 Oct 1998         7 Mar 2002
Czech Republic...................  13 Apr 1999         .................
Democratic Republic of the Congo.  8 Sep 2000          11 Apr 2002
Denmark..........................  25 Sep 1998         21 Jun 2001
Djibouti.........................  7 Oct 1998          .................
Dominica.........................  ..................  12 Feb 2001 \2\
Dominican Republic...............  8 Sep 2000          .................
Ecuador..........................  7 Oct 1998          5 Feb 2002
Egypt............................  26 Dec 2000         .................
Eritrea..........................  7 Oct 1998          .................
Estonia..........................  27 Dec 1999         30 Jan 2002
Fiji.............................  29 Nov 1999         29 Nov 1999
Finland..........................  7 Oct 1998          29 Dec 2000
France...........................  18 Jul 1998         9 June 2000
Gabon............................  22 Dec 1998         20 Sep 2000
Gambia...........................  4 Dec 1998
Georgia..........................  18 Jul 1998
Germany..........................  10 Dec 1998         11 Dec 2000
Ghana............................  18 Jul 1998         20 Dec 1999
Greece...........................  18 Jul 1998
Guinea...........................  7 Sep 2000
Guinea-Bissau....................  12 Sep 2000
Guyana...........................  28 Dec 2000
Haiti............................  26 Feb 1999
Honduras.........................  7 Oct 1998
Hungary..........................  15 Jan 1999         30 Nov 2001
Iceland..........................  26 Aug 1998         25 May 2000
Iran (Islamic Republic of).......  31 Dec 2000
Ireland..........................  7 Oct 1998          11 Apr 2002
Israel...........................  31 Dec 2000
Italy............................  18 Jul 1998         26 Jul 1999
Jamaica..........................  8 Sep 2000
Jordan...........................  7 Oct 1998          11 Apr 2002
Kenya............................  11 Aug 1999
Kuwait...........................  8 Sep 2000
Kyrgyzstan.......................  8 Dec 1998
Latvia...........................  22 Apr 1999
Lesotho..........................  30 Nov 1998         6 Sep 2000
Liberia..........................  17 Jul 1998
Liechtenstein....................  18 Jul 1998         2 Oct 2001
Lithuania........................  10 Dec 1998
Luxembourg.......................  13 Oct 19998        8 Sep 2000
Madagascar.......................  18 Jul 1998
Malawi...........................  22 Mar 1999
Mali.............................  17 Jul 1998         16 Aug 2000
Malta............................  17 Jul 1998
Marshall Islands.................  6 Sep 2000          7 Dec 2000
Mauritius........................  11 Nov 1998         5 Mar 2002
Mexico...........................  7 Sep 2000
Monaco...........................  18 Jul 1998
Mongolia.........................  29 Dec 2000         11 Apr 2002
Morocco..........................  8 Sep 2000
Mozambique.......................  28 Dec 2000
Nomibia..........................  27 Oct 1998
Nauru............................  13 Dec 2000         12 Nov 2001
Netherlands......................  18 Jul 1998         17 Jul 2001 \1\
New Zealand......................  7 Oct 1998          7 Sep 2000
Niger............................  17 Jul 1998         11 Apr 2002
Nigeria..........................  1 Jun 2000          27 Sep 2001
Norway...........................  28 Aug 1998         16 Feb 2000
Oman.............................  20 Dec 2000
Panama...........................  18 Jul 1998         21 Mar 2002
Paraguay.........................  7 Oct 1998          14 May 2001
Peru.............................  7 Dec 2000          10 Nov 2001
Philippines......................  28 Dec 2000
Poland...........................  9 Apr 1999          12 Nov 2001
Portugal.........................  7 Oct 1998          5 Feb 2002
Republic of Koera................  8 Mar 2000
Republic of Moldova..............  8 Sep 2000
Romania..........................  7 Jul 1999          11 Apr 2002
Russian Federation...............  13 Sep 2000
Saint Lucia......................  27 Aug 1999
Samoa............................  17 Jul 1998
San Marino.......................  18 Jul 1998         13 May 1999
Sao Tome and Principe............  28 Dec 2000
Senegal..........................  18 Jul 1998         2 Feb 1999
Seychelles.......................  28 Dec 2000
Sierra Leone.....................  17 Oct 1998         15 Sep 2000
Slovakia.........................  23 Dec 1998         11 Apr 2002
Slovenia.........................  7 Oct 1998          31 Dec 2001
Solomon Islands..................  3 Dec 1998
South Africa.....................  17 Jul 1998         27 Nov 2000
Spain............................  18 Jul 1998         24 Oct 2000
Sudan............................  8 Sep 2000
Sweden...........................  7 Oct 1998          28 Jun 2001
Switzerland......................  18 Jul 1998         12 Oct 2001
Syrian Arab Republic.............  29 Nov 2000
Tajikistan.......................  30 Nov 1998         5 May 2000
Thailand.........................  2 Oct 2000
The Formere Yugoslav Republic of   7 Oct 1998          6 Mar 2002
 Macedonia.
Trinidad and Tobago..............  23 Mar 1999         6 Apr 1999
Uganda...........................  17 Mar 1999
Ukraine..........................  20 Jan 2000
United Arab Emirates.............  27 Nov 2000
United Kingdom of Great Britain    30 Nov 1998         4 Oct 2001
 and Northern Ireland.
United Republic of Tanzania......  29 Dec 2000
United States of America.........  31 Dec 2000
Uruguay..........................  19 Dec 2000
Uzbekistan.......................  29 Dec 2000
Venezuela........................  14 Oct 1998         7 Jun 2000
Yemen............................  28 Dec 2000
Yugoslavia.......................  19 Dec 2000         6 Sep 2001
Zambia...........................  17 Jul 1998
Zimbabwe.........................  17 Jul 1998
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Acceptance.
\2\ Accession.



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