[Congressional Record Volume 148, Number 22 (Tuesday, March 5, 2002)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1533-S1534]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
WTO DISPUTE
Mr. DODD. Mr. President, on February 1, 2002, the World Trade
Organization adopted a report by its Appellate Body that concluded that
a U.S. law known as Section 211 violates U.S. obligations to protect
and enforce intellectual property rights under the Agreement on Trade
Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, TRIPS. The WTO urged
the United States to take the necessary steps to bring the United
States into compliance with its international obligations. This
decision provides Congress with an opportunity--a chance to reaffirm
our commitment to the protection of intellectual property rights by
repealing Section 211 in its entirety.
Section 211 is a special interest provision that was added into the
FY 1999 Omnibus Appropriations Act at the behest of Bacardi, Ltd., a
Bermuda-based corporation, just prior to enactment. It was not
considered in conference, in any committee, or on the floor of either
House of Congress. This ill-conceived provision triggered the WTO
complaint against the United States and has undermined U.S. leadership
in promoting strong protection for intellectual property rights in the
global marketplace.
The Appellate Body concluded that key provisions of Section 211
violate two fundamental principles of WTO rules--national treatment and
most-favored-nation treatment--which prohibit WTO members from
discriminating against intellectual property right holders based on
nationality. For over 100 years, these principles have obligated our
trading partners to protect U.S. trademark and trade name holders from
discrimination abroad. The Appellate Body found, however, that Section
211 violated these longstanding U.S. obligations by imposing obstacles
on foreign intellectual property right holders that do not exist for
U.S. and other nationals.
The United States cannot appeal the Appellate Body's conclusion that
Section 211 clearly violates WTO rules. Following last week's formal
adoption of the Appellate Body report by the WTO's Dispute Settlement
Body, the United States has only a short time to correct its violations
and come into compliance with WTO rules. If the United States fails to
do so, it will have to offer compensation or face possible retaliatory
measures against U.S. intellectual property right holders and other
trade interests.
Even more troubling than the threat of retaliation, however, is the
fact that Section 211 and the Appellate Body decision may serve as a
model for other countries that wish to make it more difficult for U.S.
intellectual property holders to protect and enforce their rights
abroad. While the Appellate Body concluded that Section 211 violates
national treatment and MFN, it let stand other U.S. arguments that
suggest that WTO members are free to deny protection to trademark right
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holders on grounds other than those provided in the TRIPS Agreement and
Paris Convention. In other words, in order to defend Section 211 the
U.S. argued that TRIPS is limited in its scope. These arguments were
not only contrary to long-established U.S. international intellectual
property policy objectives; they could ultimately invite arbitrary
treatment and abuse of U.S. brand names overseas.
The only appropriate response to the WTO decision is to repeal
Section 211 in its entirety. Repealing Section 211 will underscore that
the United States abides by its international commitments. It will
safeguard U.S. intellectual property rights in foreign markets, remove
the threat of retaliation against U.S. exports, and restore U.S.
leadership in the fight to secure strong protection and enforcement for
intellectual property rights worldwide.
I call on the administration to work with the Congress to quickly
repeal Section 211 in its entirety to restore the U.S. to its rightful
place as the world's guardian of intellectual property rights.
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