[Congressional Record Volume 147, Number 178 (Thursday, December 20, 2001)]
[Senate]
[Pages S14044-S14045]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ECONOMIC STIMULUS
Mr. SESSIONS. I thank the distinguished Senator from West Virginia. I
thank him for his fidelity to his faith and for his fidelity to this
Senate and the courtesies and rules that need to be followed to make
sure we live up to the high ideals on which this institution was
founded. He, more than anyone I know, has taught us the history, and
the importance, of what we are about. His courtesy to me, a first-term
Senator, is typical of his many courtesies.
I simply say how deeply disappointed I have been that we will be
leaving this body before Christmas without having passed a stimulus
package. Experts have said a good stimulus package, $75 to $100
billion, would preserve 300,000 jobs in this country. That is a lot of
jobs. Those people, if they are working, will be happier. Those
families will be happier. The homes will be happier. They will pay
taxes. They will pay State and local sales taxes and other taxes. They
will pay Federal taxes. It will help us run our government.
But if they lose their jobs, there will be a sadness and an unease in
their homes, a difficulty that otherwise would not take place, and the
government itself, State, local and Federal, will lose revenue.
[[Page S14045]]
It is a big deal if we can affect the economy. I do not think there
is any doubt. I have been convinced for a long time in the projections
that we could achieve a 1-percent or a half-percent increase in the
gross domestic product by passing the stimulus package. That is
important. I believe we should pass a bill.
No less than 2 weeks ago I became deeply concerned that we might
actually leave this body without a bill being passed. At first I did
not think that was possible. We brought up a bill and disagreed, the
House had passed a bill, and some here didn't like it but negotiators
were working together. The Finance Committee chairman and ranking
member, the majority leader, the Democratic leader and the Republican
leader, they were all working and talking and surely a bill would pass,
I thought. They would work out their differences.
Frankly, I never believed exactly what was in that bill, if it met a
few simple principles, would make a lot of difference. Probably,
another $100 billion, another $75 billion into the economy we would
have made an impact. There was no doubt in my mind if a middle-income
family would have gotten a 2-percent reduction in the amount of money
withheld from their taxes they would have more money and they would
spend it.
Because of my concern, I offered my own bill. As a matter of fact, we
were here one night until midnight. I sat around with some colleagues
and refined my ideas and four of us introduced a stimulus package. It
was simple. It did not have a lot of complexity to it. Frankly, I did
not think anybody could find anything wrong with any of it or would
object to a bit of it. I said: We offered this bill; let's just vote on
that.
It had a number of provisions in it that I thought were worthwhile.
My favorite contribution, what I believe in and would like to see
accomplished and really needs to be accomplished as part of this
package, or it may be more difficult to pass, is the advanced payment
of the earned-income tax credit.
The Presiding Officer understands these finance issues a lot better
than I, but I can understand a little bit about low-income working
Americans. They are at a point with the earned-income tax credit where
the Federal Government gives them a tax credit. It is $31 billion a
year. It amounts to, for an average family with one child, a $2,000-
per-year tax credit. They can get it when they work or on their tax
refund a year after they work. Since the earned-income tax credit was
designed to encourage work, there has been a strong feeling it ought to
go on the wage that they earn.
What has happened, however, is that we have never accomplished that.
Only 5 percent of the workers take advantage of the opportunity to get
their earned-income tax credit on their paycheck. If it were given to
them 100 percent, that would be a $1-an-hour pay raise with no
deductions from it. But we have never been able to figure out how to do
it.
They finally passed, a day or so ago, an amendment that would allow
that to happen, but only 5 percent take advantage of it; 95 percent get
their credit the next year.
So it is good public policy, in my view, that they get their credit
early. I believe in this time of stimulus, if we would make a
conversion and pump in $15 billion or $20 billion extra on low-income
people's paychecks, many of whom may be out of work for a while, get
another job, lose work and find another job, they would have more money
to take care of their families with and it would not cost the budget of
the country, the Treasury of the country, any money in the long run. It
would shift about $15 billion or more into this fiscal year but that
money would be from the next fiscal year, and we would have $15 billion
left to spend next year. It is good public policy and a superb stimulus
that moves money forward and saves money next year.
We would have put in another item. We proposed reducing the median
income tax rate from 27 percent to 25 percent. It was planned to be
done anyway.
We extended the unemployment benefits, as most of the proposals have,
for an additional 13 weeks. We provided insurance and health benefits.
We provided a $5 billion fund for national emergency grants for States
to help people who have been displaced or lost their job. And we
advanced the plans for 1 year for the child tax credit. This child tax
credit is a plan that would infuse about $6 billion or $8 billion into
the economy for families with children.
Those were some of the provisions we put in that plan. It could have
passed. I don't believe anybody would have been upset about it. It had
no business provisions in it that would upset anybody. It did have some
depreciation advancement.
I say we ought to have done something. That bill, other bills, the
bill that almost reached conclusion, the bipartisan approach that
passed the House last night, was sent over here, and we did not get a
vote. So I am very disappointed.
I believe the leadership of this Senate made a mistake. We were not
even allowed to vote on it or debate it. Everybody said we needed a
stimulus package, but we never even got to bring the bill up for a
vote. We had a number of Democratic Senators and certainly a large
number of Democratic House Members who supported this bipartisan bill,
and we could have passed it, but we did not and it is a great
disappointment to me.
I was pleased the Senator from Alaska discussed the energy bill that
did not pass this time, under the very same factors. I was in Mobile
Monday of this week. On two different occasions a real estate person
and a very fine doctor came to me and said: Jeff, I think you have to
do something about the energy situation. We are too dependent on Middle
Eastern oil. They have the ability to disrupt our economy and to affect
our foreign policy and damage us in ways that we ought to defend
against. You need to do something to reduce our dependence on middle
eastern oil. That is something I believe in very strongly.
The bill the Senator from Alaska, Mr. Murkowski, has so eloquently
argued for has conservation, reduced use of energy, as well as
increased production. Both of those steps together will help reduce our
dependence on foreign oil. It will help reduce the amount of American
wealth that goes out of our country to purchase this substance that it
would be better if we could purchase at home and keep that wealth at
home.
I believe we have had a number of opportunities to do better. I
wanted a farm bill passed desperately. The President has made clear
that we do not have a fight over money on the farm bill. We are
prepared to honor the $75 billion set-aside in our budget over 10 years
for farm programs. But there are some problems and serious
disagreements about some of the policy that was in that bill.
We could not get debate on it. Every amendment was rejected virtually
on a party line vote, so we ended up not passing an Agriculture bill.
We will have to come back and work on that because we need an
Agriculture bill. We do not need to go into the summer without an
Agriculture bill. So I am sure we will be back on that early next year.
But it could have been done this time.
So I will just say there were some great things accomplished this
year: the education bill, a bipartisan effort that passed. The tax
reduction was a historic empowerment of individual working Americans, a
victory for the individual against the State and the power the State
has to extract what they earn from them and spend as the State wishes.
But it would empower them to utilize the wealth they have earned in the
way they choose. If we had not done that, I am confident our economy
would be struggling even more today.
I see the distinguished Senator from West Virginia is ready to speak,
and I am interested in hearing his remarks. I thank the Chair. I thank
the Senator from West Virginia for his time. I wanted to express these
remarks before we recessed today.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from West Virginia.
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