[Congressional Record Volume 147, Number 154 (Thursday, November 8, 2001)]
[House]
[Pages H7951-H7952]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS FOR SMALL BUSINESSES
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Pence) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. PENCE. Mr. Speaker, I had two countervailing experiences today.
One was to travel to the botanical gardens here on the Capitol Mall and
meet with the extraordinary personnel of the Environmental Protection
Agency that are overseeing the decontamination at the Hart Senate
Office Building and in the offices of the three Members of Congress who
have been affected by anthrax contamination.
I witnessed then, as I have witnessed in days past, extraordinary
professionalism and a deep commitment to creating an environment that
is safe for us and for our staff. The EPA has earned a special place in
my heart in the last week. But then I traveled just moments later, Mr.
Speaker, across the street where I chaired the Subcommittee on
Regulatory Reform and Oversight where I serve as chairman on the
Committee on Small Business.
It was there that we took a hard look at the inadequacy of regulatory
analyses that agencies use to support rule-making. And the special
emphasis regrettably, Mr. Speaker, was on one agency in particular that
was singled out by witness after witness for its poor regulatory
analyses, and that agency was the Environmental Protection Agency.
The hearing that we convened today was all about the way that the EPA
goes about evaluating the cost and benefit of regulations on small
businesses. Small business owners are very familiar with the burdens
that Federal regulations place on them. Many studies including those
sponsored by the Office of Advocacy of the United States Small Business
Administration have shown that small businesses face disproportionately
higher costs to comply with Federal regulations, including those issued
by the EPA than their larger business counterparts. Thus, accurate
estimates of costs, if derived from the experiences of large businesses
often, Mr. Speaker, paint a false picture of the impact of regulations
or the impact of an EPA regulation on a small business. And if the EPA
misjudges the economic impact, it often produces an irrational rule
that wages war on the vitality of small business America.
It seems to me, Mr. Speaker, that the polestar of the rule-making
process is that regulations should be rational. When Congress passed
the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946, it believed that the process
of notice, comment, and agency response to the public comment would be
sufficient conditions to ensure rational outcome. After the regulatory
onslaught in the 1970's which saw the creation of the EPA, and the
enactment of many statutes that EPA implements by rule-making, Congress
and the executive branch determined that further refinements were
necessary.
Congress imposed new analytical requirements to assess the impacts on
small business and other entities. Presidents Reagan, Bush, and Clinton
produced executive orders all in different ways mandating the analysis
of cost and benefits. And even my own predecessor, Congressman David
McIntosh, led the charge here on Capitol Hill to create a rational
process whereby the regulatory state would analyze the cost of the
regulations versus the benefit to the environment or the health and
safety of employees.
In 1980 Congress enacted the Regulatory Flexibility Act as well. The
RFA represents another tool in the decisional calculus designed to
develop rational rules. The Reg Flex Act, as it is affectionately known
by many in small business circles, requires Federal agencies to
consider whether their proposal for final regulations will have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small
businesses.
Despite this legacy since 1946 of demanding a rational foundation for
government regulations, Mr. Speaker, sadly, today at our hearing we
heard of a very very different tale, indeed. What I heard from one
witness after another is that not only the EPA but many Federal and
administrative agencies pay very little regard to the difference
between the size of businesses when they impose paperwork requirements.
And their estimates of the cost of compliance are often far afield of
the reality of many small businesses like the one that I started in my
basement or like the one my late father ran throughout his lifetime in
Columbus, Indiana.
There is a great Biblical tale of the pharisee, Mr. Speaker, who
heaps burden upon burden on the traveler but never lifts a finger to
help them carry that burden. At our hearing today for the Subcommittee
on Regulatory Reform and Oversight of the Committee on Small Business,
we heard the need for the EPA and other elements of the administration
in the regulatory state to cease adding burdens to travelers but now to
begin to think about the size and scope of those enterprises, to lift
that burden and let us begin an era of unburdening American small
business of Federal and regulatory red tape.
[[Page H7952]]
____________________