[Congressional Record Volume 147, Number 106 (Thursday, July 26, 2001)]
[House]
[Pages H4661-H4680]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
DEPARTMENTS OF VETERANS AFFAIRS AND HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, AND
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2002
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 210 and rule
XVIII, the Chair declares the House in the Committee of the Whole House
on the State of the Union for the consideration of the bill, H.R. 2620.
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In the Committee of the Whole
Accordingly, the House resolved itself into the Committee of the
Whole House on the State of the Union for the consideration of the bill
(H.R. 2620) making appropriations for the Departments of Veterans
Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and for sundry independent
agencies, boards, commissions, corporations, and offices for the fiscal
year ending September 30, 2002, and for other purposes, with Mr.
Shimkus in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the rule, the bill is considered as having
been read the first time.
Under the rule, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh) and the
gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan) each will control 30
minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh).
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, it is a privilege today to present for House
consideration H.R. 2620, the Veterans Affairs, Housing and Urban
Development, and Independent Agencies appropriations bill for fiscal
year 2002. In the interest of time, I will try to be brief.
I would, however, like to begin by telling my colleagues that I
believe this is a good bill and that the Administration has indicated
that they support its passage. Just as presented in
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each of the past few years, this bill represents a joint effort of both
myself and my distinguished colleague and ranking member, the gentleman
from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan).
While we clearly have not agreed on every single aspect of the bill
as reported, it nevertheless represents a true collaboration of effort
for which I am very grateful.
With the House's indulgence, I would like to outline the highlights
of the proposal.
First and foremost, this proposed bill is within the 302(b)
allocation, budget authority and outlays, that approved by the
committee. The bill's discretionary spending totals $85.4 billion in
new budget authority, which is an increase of just over $2 billion
above the budget submission and some $4.8 billion over last year's
bill.
I note for the House that this level of discretionary spending
includes emergency spending of $1.3 billion for FEMA disaster relief,
which was amended during the full committee markup by the majority
whip. The committee has tried, as best we can, to spread the proposed
increases throughout the bill.
Discretionary veterans program will increae by $1.6 billion compared
to last year, with $1 billion going to veterans' medical care and the
remainder spread to research, processing veterans' compensation,
pension and education claims, operating our national cemeteries and,
most significantly, increasing the necessary construction at VA
facilities by some $434 million. That is a direct response to Member
requests, and we think it is a high priority. The proposal is well
within the scope of the amount allocated in the budget resolution.
Housing programs will increase by $1.4 billion compared to 2001, with
increases in the housing certificate fund, section 8, public housing,
operating subsidies, the HOPWA program, the HOME investment
partnerships, the housing for the elderly and disabled programs, and
the lead hazard reduction program.
It is important to note that this proposal also includes some very
difficult, but I believe extremely important and highly defensible
choices and changes in policy direction. They are represented by
reductions in the Public Housing Capital Fund and the drug elimination
grant programs. Neither of these programs is serving the best interests
of the people they were intended to benefit. It is our job, albeit a
difficult one, to take whatever steps necessary to remedy the
situation.
In the case of capital funds, it means getting tougher on public
housing authorities to spend the dollars intended for the residents in
the public housing authority properties. There are literally hundreds
of millions of dollars worth of code violations and hazards in these
buildings that are not getting fixed.
In the case of the drug elimination grant program, it means taking an
honest look at whether HUD is the best entity to run a law enforcement
program. Based on HUD's track record, I do not believe that it is.
Mr. Chairman, I know these two items in particular will be discussed
at length throughout the development of this bill in the House and in
conference with the Senate.
EPA funding increases some $229 million over the budget request,
although a decrease below last year's funding level. This proposal
continues to provide strong research programs as well as increased
resources for the many State categorical grants and significant
resources for clean water and drinking water state revolving fund and
congressional priorities for water projects and infrastructure grants.
FEMA operating expenses will increase by nearly $135 million over
last year. We have provided the budget request of $1.37 billion in on-
budget nonemergency dollars for disaster relief.
In addition, by virtue of the amendment in full committee markup,
which I mentioned before, we have also included an additional $1.3
billion in contingent emergency spending for disaster relief. Those
funds would not be drawn on unless the White House specifically asked
for them and declared an emergency. I would just add that such
emergency provisions have been used for several years to provide FEMA
the ability to meet the needs of natural disaster victims.
In addition, our total appropriation of $2.6 billion for disaster
relief is actually below the current 5-year average of $3.2 billion.
NASA programs would receive an increase of $641 million over last
year, and we have proposed several structural changes in the Agency's
account structure to provide them greater programmatic flexibility and
the Committee better oversight capability. We have also included
funding to reverse some of the changes to the International Space
Station proposed by the President. I believe this is the right decision
if the research mission of the station is to be fulfilled.
Finally, I am proud to say we have raised the overall funding for the
National Science Foundation by just over $414 million to a total
program budget of $4.84 billion. This is a 9 percent increase compared
to last year. The bulk of these funds, some $292 million, would go to
improve available resources for NSF's core research programs, while the
remainder would be spread to major research, construction and
equipment, education and human resources programs, and salaries and
expenses for NSF's capable staff.
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I would like to add that I personally would have liked to do more for
NSF. However, to do so could only have been at the expense of other
very important programs in other agencies. Having said that, given the
increase proposed by the Administration of just 1 percent, I think we
have done a remarkable job, and this is perhaps the aspect of the bill
for which we can be most proud.
All Members are, of course, aware of the difficulty in putting these
bills together, especially with so many diverse and competing
interests. Developing the perfect bill is probably impossible.
Nevertheless, I believe we have done a good job developing a bill that
is both supportable and passable. Once again, I would like to thank my
colleagues on the Committee from both sides of the aisle for their
dedication, time, hard work, and thoughtful consideration of the
provisions we have put into this bill. I would also like to thank our
staff who has done a terrific job in helping us to sort out the
priorities, to fund those priorities, and to make the hard decisions
that are required. This job would be impossible without this highly
professional staff.
Mr. Chairman, I include for the Record the budget tables representing
the mandatory and discretionary spending provided in H.R. 2620.
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Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 5 minutes.
Mr. Chairman, I want to begin by thanking our excellent chairman, the
gentleman from New York, for the work that he has done in crafting this
legislation, the many hours that he has spent involved in it.
Throughout the development of the bill, he and his staff have been
accessible; and they have made every effort to accommodate the concerns
that the minority have presented to them.
As I know he will tell you, we have not seen eye to eye on nearly all
the issues in this bill. But the communication necessary for a
cooperative effort has occurred and that is certainly very much
appreciated.
The departments and agencies that are funded in this bill all deserve
adequate funding, but the allocation that we have been given simply
does not make that possible. Congress has been operating under
unrealistic budget constraints fashioned for the purpose of justifying
a huge tax cut. Many concerns were raised during the consideration of
that tax cut, most importantly the concern of ensuring the solvency of
Social Security and Medicare. While Members from both parties professed
that these funds were sacred, as we await the Congressional Budget
Office's mid-term reestimates of the government finances, including
projections for fiscal year 2002, which are due out in mid-August, it
is becoming clear that the tax cut might well invade the Medicare
surplus. This is exactly what Democrats were concerned about. This is
not fair to our seniors, and it is not good fiscal policy.
It is that same tax cut that is forcing the Committee on
Appropriations to make do with fewer resources than are needed. This
has resulted in an inadequate allocation to this subcommittee. This has
forced the gentleman from New York to engage in a balancing act. While
he has been able to do many good things, he has by necessity had to
underfund some important accounts.
First, let me mention two specific accounts where the gentleman from
New York has markedly improved upon the administration's request. The
National Science Foundation is provided $4.84 billion, an increase of
$414 million over last year. This represents a 9 percent increase
rather than the 1.2 percent increase that the President proposed.
NASA, an account that has been flat funded for the past several
years, is in need of funding increases. NASA would receive an increase
of $641 million over last year's funding for a total budget of $14.9
billion. Importantly, the bill and report also begin the process of
addressing the cost issues associated with the International Space
Station. It provides $275 million toward the Crew Return Vehicle, a
vital station component that President Bush would eliminate. This
funding is conditioned on NASA reporting back to this committee its
plan to address the Space Station cost overrun issue. In addition, NASA
is charged with ensuring that research is not compromised in the
solution.
To underscore the point that research continues to be a principal
justification for the Space Station, the chairman's mark includes an
additional $35 million for Space Station research. Further, the
chairman's amendment includes an amendment that I proposed to the
chairman that will add an additional $25 million. Once again, this bill
reflects the strong support that science enjoys among the members of
this subcommittee. But ensuring adequate resources for science is only
one of the many important responsibilities that needs to be fulfilled
by this legislation.
The funding levels for several of the accounts are clearly
inadequate. For example, to his credit, the chairman has increased
discretionary funding to the Veterans' Administration by $1.6 billion
over last year's level. While this is a large increase, it falls
significantly short of the medical care need as outlined most recently
by the chairman and ranking member of the Committee on Veterans'
Affairs, the authorizing committee.
Programs within the Department of Housing and Urban Development are
cut and several receive no funding at all. These include public housing
capital funds, drug elimination grants, rural housing and economic
development, empowerment zones, and shelter-plus-care homeless
renewals.
The Corporation for National and Community Service is zero-funded and
the Community Development Financial Institutions fund is sharply
reduced from last year. I know that the gentleman from New York shares
my concern about most of these accounts and that he would provide more
resources to them if he could.
Today, amendments will be offered addressing some of the problems in
the bill. However, even if adopted they will not remedy all the funding
shortfalls in this legislation. Resources are simply not available to
address the larger issues. We need more money.
From veterans, to housing, to water and sewer needs and even science,
more needs to be done, Mr. Chairman. I hope that as this process moves
forward, additional resources will be made available allowing us to
properly fund the many needy, deserving programs in this legislation.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Michigan (Mr. Knollenberg), a hardworking member of the subcommittee.
Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Chairman, I want to thank the gentleman first of
all for yielding me time and I in particular want to thank the
gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh) and the gentleman from West
Virginia (Mr. Mollohan) for the very, very difficult and hard work that
they have done on this bill. We have to obviously recognize Frank
Cushing, who heads the staff, and all of the staff, who have done, I
think, yeoman's work in bringing about the expertise that produces a
product that is one that, I think, we should all be happy to support.
The quality of the committee members should be highlighted along with
the quality of their work product as well.
This appropriations bill is unique in that it covers an array of
diverse agencies ranging from the Veterans Administration to the EPA.
That is quite a broad stretch. It is not easy. It is not an easy task
to bring this wide range of interests together into a single bill. But
the gentleman from New York and the gentleman from West Virginia have a
working relationship that I think makes all this possible.
The fiscal year 2002 VA-HUD bill is a fair piece of legislation
produced under difficult circumstances, and it is within the budget
resolution. It responsibly provides a $1 billion increase for veterans'
medical health care, and increases funding for the Veterans Benefits
Administration to reduce the backlog of claims. The bill increases
funding for the Department of Housing and Urban Development by $1.4
billion and fully funds section 8 housing. H.R. 2620 also provides
sound investments in research with a 9 percent increase for NSF.
The gentleman from New York, I believe, should be saluted for
crafting this piece of legislation under these difficult circumstances.
He has worked in good faith with the ranking member and the other side
in a bipartisan way to forge the bill that is now before the House. As
this process moves forward, we will have plenty of opportunities from
Members to offer their suggestions and amendments before the President
finally puts his signature on it.
This is a good, responsible bill. I encourage strongly my colleagues
to support it.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished
gentlewoman from Florida (Mrs. Meek) who is a very effective,
hardworking member of our subcommittee.
Mrs. MEEK of Florida. I want to thank the gentleman from West
Virginia for yielding me this time, and I want to thank the gentleman
from New York.
Mr. Chairman, I have had the privilege and the pleasure of serving on
this subcommittee. It is a very good subcommittee. It is very
hardworking. I also want to give my thanks to the staff. They have just
worked assiduously with all of us to make this bill come out as it is.
We do owe them a great debt of gratitude.
I want to say that the main problem I see with this bill is that it
is underfunded. It is not because we do not
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have good leadership on this subcommittee or we do not have good
supportive staff, but the fact that it is underfunded, the allocation
was not adequate, probably due to the fact that we had to fund a great
tax bill, now the results of that tax cut is coming back to haunt us in
terms of being able to fund programs that come under our jurisdiction.
We were not able to fund veterans as much as we would have liked to
have done. Therefore, we are seeing that as being a gap in this bill.
The HOME account, however, there were some very good things going on in
terms of accountability in the bill. The HOME account was increased by
$200 million. It is one of the most valuable housing programs because
it is very versatile and it is very effective.
That was very good of our subcommittee to be able to do this. Also,
the subcommittee increased by 34,000 incremental vouchers which allow
access to affordable housing on the private market. That is needed for
additional low-income families. Section 202, one of my favorite
programs for senior citizens, is increased by $4.2 million over fiscal
year 2001. Also, this bill increases funding for HUD's Office of Lead
Hazard Control. All these are strong points in the bill. Even though we
were not able to fund adequately all of the programs, there are many
bright spots in this bill, particularly what we were able to do for the
National Science Foundation.
However, despite these responsible funding levels, Mr. Chairman, and
these lack of funding levels that I would like to see, this bill
underfunds some areas which I must call the committee's attention to.
It underfunds public housing. It is a part of our bill, a part of our
assessment that it should be funded strongly. It underfunds community
development. It also cuts money from the Public Housing Capital Fund
which helps to rebuild the worn-down and torn-up housing projects
throughout this Nation. That is very badly needed. Children are in
these housing projects. That makes it even more so. There are about 3
million low-income people that depend on public housing. One million of
those are children.
The drug elimination grants which we have heard so many people talk
about is also eliminated. It is needed. We need to keep drug
trafficking out of our housing projects. Just the day before yesterday
we voted $676 million in foreign aid to eliminate drugs. We need to
eliminate drugs, Mr. Chairman, right here in our own country.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from New
Jersey (Mr. Frelinghuysen), another very hardworking and dedicated
member of the subcommittee.
(Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding
me this time.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the VA appropriations bill
and to thank, as others have done, the gentleman from New York (Mr.
Walsh) for his leadership and the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr.
Mollohan) for his leadership and cooperation.
Our bill, Mr. Chairman, helps the Veterans Administration provide
health care to over 3.8 million men and women, who required last year
over 717,000 inpatient visits and over 39 million outpatient visits to
our Nation's 172 VA hospitals, 135 nursing homes, and over 600
outpatient clinics countrywide.
This bill provides for those purposes this year an additional $1.1
billion over last year's level for their medical care, for a total in
the medical care account of $21.2 billion. With this latest increase,
Congress will have provided an additional $4 billion for veterans'
medical care over the past 3 years.
On a specific issue, our bill continues to direct Secretary Principi
to address the serious issue of hepatitis C among the veterans
population, particularly those of the Vietnam era.
On the housing front, the bill provides $30 billion for that agency,
an increase of $2 billion over last year's level, and it continues our
commitment to increasing housing opportunities for all people in need
but especially for individuals with disabilities.
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This bill that we consider today will provide funding for nearly
8,000 vouchers specifically to provide decent, accessible housing for
individuals with disabilities who often must compete with programs that
provide housing for the elderly.
On the environmental protection front, the committee has provided
$1.2 billion for the Superfund hazardous waste cleanup program. This
vital program cleans up our Nation's most polluted sites and, in many
cases, can restore formerly toxic sites to new productive uses. My own
State has more of these sites than any other State in the Nation.
Despite local successes in the Superfund cleanups, there are many more
sites to be cleaned up and more sites and brownfields sites than ever.
Like the chairman, I think we need to highlight the fact that this
bill substantially increases funding for the National Science
Foundation by $415 million, or 9 percent, over last year's level, for a
total of $4.8 billion over last year's amount. Basic scientific
research funding is critical, and I particularly commend the gentleman
from New York (Chairman Walsh) for his leadership and responsiveness
which led to this much-deserved increase.
The committee has also provided $14.9 billion for NASA, an increase
of $641 million over fiscal year 2001. While the committee rightly has
concerns about cost overruns of the International Space Station,
overall NASA is responsible for a number of research initiatives.
For this and other reasons, I support the bill.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown).
Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I thank my friend from West Virginia
for yielding me time.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the NASA funding included in this
legislation, particularly as it relates to NASA Glenn Research Center
in Cleveland. Glenn Research Center provides over $1 billion a year to
Ohio's economy. Over 12,000 jobs exist in Ohio thanks to Glenn Research
Center. Glenn Research Center grants over $10 million a year to Ohio's
universities, and NASA has an important impact on our everyday lives.
Glenn Research Center has given us advances in biotechnology, to
improve our health care, led in the development of quiet aircraft
technology to minimize the noise in communities surrounding airports,
and spearheaded research that benefits space travel.
Glenn Research Center also developed a lightweight battery that
enables energy storage in space, in our own laptops and cell phones.
This Congress's investment in Glenn Research Center benefits every
American. I am pleased the subcommittee has recognized the importance
of Glenn Research Center.
Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from New York (Chairman Walsh)
and I thank the ranking member, the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr.
Mollohan).
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguish
gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier), the distinguished Chairman of
the Committee on Rules, for the purpose of a colloquy.
Mr. DREIER. Mr. Chairman, I want to begin by complimenting both the
gentleman from New York (Chairman Walsh) and the gentleman from West
Virginia (Mr. Mollohan) for the superb job they have done on this bill,
especially in the area of investment in scientific research and our
Nation's space program.
I am joined by my very distinguished colleague, the gentleman from
Glendale, California (Mr. Schiff), who has also joined with me in
representing the area of Pasadena, which includes the Jet Propulsion
Lab, and I would like to make a couple of comments about this.
Unfortunately, the vision that I just mentioned that the chairman and
ranking member and the work of the subcommittee and the full committee
reported out is not shared by the piece that came out from our friends
in the other body. It not only does not provide sufficient funding for
the National Science Foundation and NASA, but it goes so far as to
propose the systematic dismantling of one of our Nation's national
treasures, the Solar System Exploration Program.
While the proposed transfer of the Telecommunications and Mission
Operations Directorate to the Consolidated
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Space Operations Contract is portrayed as an effort to save money and
consolidate space operations, the cost savings are illusory and the
transfer would be devastating to the space program.
The proposal assumes that an industry contractor can absorb the
telecommunications and missions operations activities, but, in fact,
because the deep space environment is substantially more hostile than
the near-Earth environment, the personnel who presently operate the
Earth orbiting satellites do not now possess the experience or training
required to operate a spacecraft in deep space. Therefore, the
contractor would have to hire new people to do the work.
Furthermore, in order to achieve the level of savings promised by the
Senate, the contractor would be forced to conduct the missions with
fewer than half the personnel presently on the missions. Unfortunately,
we have already learned the short-staffing lesson the hard way. The
Young Commission's findings on the loss of the two Mars missions
concluded that the principal failure for both missions was the result
of NASA headquarters' limitations on participation by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory's expert staff. Unfortunately, the bill from the
other body ignores this finding and further weakens JPL's role.
In addition, the Senate proposal would transfer the mission
operations and communications for all of the solar system exploration
missions, including Galileo, Mars Global Surveyor, Ulysses, Cassini,
Voyager and Mars Odyssey to an outside contractor.
Mr. Chairman, I am certain that this body did not authorize and
appropriate the millions of dollars needed to fund these programs with
the idea that they would then be outsourced to a new and inexperienced
operations and communications team. We expect, and indeed should
demand, that the operations of these high-risk, high-reward missions be
conducted by the most capable, most qualified and the most experienced
personnel available.
Mr. Chairman, I know personally NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is
the authority on deep space exploration, and the House cannot allow the
Senate to place these vital missions in jeopardy simply to fulfill the
parochial interests that exist in the other body.
I am joined, as I said, by my colleagues, the gentleman from
California (Mr. Schiff), the gentleman from California (Mr. Cox), the
gentleman from California (Mr. Lewis) and others to ask that you refuse
to accept any of these shortsighted proposals during conference; and,
in a bipartisan fashion, we offer whatever assistance we may have in
this effort.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for his comments and
look forward to working with him.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr.
Schiff) for the purpose of a colloquy.
Mr. SCHIFF. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to join my colleague and neighbor from
California in his praise for your leadership as well as the leadership
of the gentleman from West Virginia and to urge that we turn back the
Senate's proposals which I believe will seriously undermine the Solar
System Exploration Program.
Mr. Chairman, as you know, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is
managed for NASA by the California Institute of Technology, Caltech.
The Senate makes three proposals that are damaging to Caltech, damaging
to NASA and damaging to the space program. The first is the transfer of
telecommunications and mission operations to an outside contractor, as
discussed by my colleague; the second is the reduction of $50 million
from the Mars Surveyor program; and the third is the transfer of the
Europa mission and the entire Solar System Exploration Program from JPL
to an ad hoc grants program.
The combined impacts on JPL of these three proposals would be the
elimination of 1,200 jobs at JPL and the resulting elimination of
highly trained personnel and unnecessarily imperil our Nation's space
exploration program.
Essentially, the Senate proposes that the critical mass of talent,
experience and know-how which resides at JPL should be dispersed and
that the core of NASA's exploration program should be conducted
piecemeal and ad hoc.
At a time when the Nation is facing a critical shortage of
experienced personnel in public service, the Senate proposals would
terminate hundreds of engineers, technicians and scientists who possess
the greatest level of knowledge regarding space exploration. The
consequences would be tragic, and the Nation's space program would
suffer a tremendous setback.
Mr. Chairman, I am proud to represent the best and brightest in a
field where the advancement of science inspires young children and
captures the imagination of millions, but I believe the space
exploration program at JPL also serves the Nation as a whole.
NASA's solar exploration program carefully laid out and scrutinized
resides at JPL because for the past 50 years this Congress has invested
in the creation of the talent and infrastructure that exists at JPL.
They are the experts, and this is rocket science.
For this body to allow that investment in space exploration to be
jeopardized in this manner would be a disservice to the Nation and
contrary to the fiscal duty we owe taxpayers.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume to
complete the colloquy.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to say I thank both gentlemen for their
comments, and please be assured we will not allow investments made in
the space exploration program to be wasted. Be assured that both the
gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan) and I look forward to
working with the gentleman from California (Mr. Schiff), the gentleman
from California (Mr. Dreier), the gentleman from California (Mr. Cox)
and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lewis) to ensure that JPL
remains one of the premier space research facilities in the country.
Mr. DREIER. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will yield very briefly, I
would just say this is not rocket science. What they do out at JPL is
rocket science.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 5 minutes to the
gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Obey), the distinguished ranking minority
member on the Committee on Appropriations.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, the Congressional Budget Office just finished
the study which showed that over the last 20 years the wealthiest 1
percent of people in this country had an after-tax income gain on an
annual basis of $414,000 per year. The tax bill which this Congress
passed just a couple of months ago gave those people on average a
$53,000 tax cut, about an 8 percent increase in their after-tax income.
That study also showed if you are exactly in the middle of the income
stream, you have had an income increase over the past 20 years of about
$3,400, and the tax bill that passed gave those folks not an 8 percent
or 7 percent or 6 percent increase in their after-tax income, it gave
those folks a 2 percent increase in their after-tax income.
That study also showed if you were in the poorest 20 percent of
people in this society, that you actually have lost $100 in your annual
income over the last 20 years, and those folks got a 1 percent on
average increase in their after-tax income by the tax bill that passed,
except for the almost one-third of people in that bracket who got
nothing whatsoever because they made too little money to qualify for
the tax cut.
That tax bill took so much money that it made it impossible for the
Committee on Appropriations to give the gentleman from New York an
adequate allocation for this bill; and because of that fact, not
because of the desires of the gentleman, but because of the realities
imposed by that misguided tax bill, this bill today is at least half a
billion dollars short in providing needed veterans medical care. It is
desperately short of the levels we need to be at to provide assistance
for low-income people to obtain decent housing. It weakens our ability
to provide environmental protection, and it does a number of other
things that are not in the long-term interests of this country.
I have voted for the last five appropriation bills this House
produced because I thought they were decent, bipartisan products, even
though they were not perfect. But this bill I will not be supporting
because of the shortcomings that I have cited.
I do want to say, however, that I think the gentleman from New York
has done a very decent job with the
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limited amount of resources that he had available to him, and I
especially commend him for the way he dealt with the science budget. We
needed an increase over the White House budget for science.
There is another strange twist to this bill, however. We tried on
this side of the aisle on three occasions to get the majority to
recognize that we were going to need more money for disaster assistance
in FEMA's budget for the existing fiscal year. We were blocked on each
of those three occasions.
Now, however, this bill contains a $1.3 billion item which has been
labeled an emergency by no one less than the distinguished majority
whip. That is the same distinguished majority whip who last year took
the floor to defend the idea that somehow funding the census was an
emergency, as though we did not know that every 10 years we are
required by the Constitution to conduct a census. So I find that flip-
flop strange indeed.
It is because of that flip-flop that this bill has been delayed for
the better part of a day, and yet the majority leadership now somehow
expects us to be able to make up the time lost by the internal
divisions within the majority party caucus on this issue, and yet they
expect us to work a miracle and finish this bill by 10, 11, 12 o'clock
tonight. There are some 44 amendments pending. I do not believe it is
possible to come anywhere near closure, even though we will try to work
with the majority.
So I would simply say that if this bill cannot be finished tonight,
it ought to be clearly understood why. It is not because of any delay
on the part of anyone. It is simply because of the inconsistency which
was noticed by the majority party caucus, the inconsistency represented
by the DeLay amendment. While I support the DeLay amendment, I regret
the ridiculous turmoil that it has caused.
{time} 1615
Mr. FRANK. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman from Massachusetts.
Mr. FRANK. Mr. Chairman, I am the ranking minority member of the
Subcommittee on Housing. There are enormous questions at issue here,
and trying to rush them through would be inappropriate.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from
New Jersey (Mrs. Roukema), the distinguished subcommittee chair of the
authorizing committee.
Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding, and I
thank him for his distinguished leadership on this issue.
Certainly, as the chairwoman of the Subcommittee on Housing, I have
just completed a series of hearings on the availability of affordable
housing. These hearings focused on many of the programs within the
jurisdiction of this appropriation bill, such as HOME, CDBG, section 8
vouchers, section 202 elderly housing, homeless and the disabled.
We have an intelligent understanding, even in this good economy, that
there are a growing number of hardworking Americans who suddenly cannot
afford rental housing that they are occupying because of the higher
rents in their particular area. So at our housing affordability
hearings, witness after witness reinforced the need for improved
administration, utilization, and delivery of HUD programs. Furthermore,
programs like HOME, CDBG, HOPE, section 8 vouchers, disability and 202
for the elderly, all of these programs need community development
groups that can help them and can more efficiently and effectively meet
the needs of these vulnerable populations.
Now that we have concluded the hearings, it is our intention to begin
crafting legislation that will help to meet the needs of the growing
housing affordability and availability problem.
We must remember, and I say this as a strong fiscal conservative, we
must remember that the American taxpayer deserves consideration in this
budget debate as well. If directing resources from one program to
another means, as is done in this bill, means resources are being more
efficiently and effectively used, then we should be supportive. The
gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh) has done that in this bill.
I would like to point out that the bill is not absolutely perfect,
but I must say that I wish it had included credit subsidies.
I rise in support of this bill today. Chairman Walsh was given
limited resources, and he has worked hard to craft a bill that is fair
to all the competing interests and programs within his jurisdiction.
As Chair of the Financial Services Subcommittee on Housing, I have
just completed a series of hearings on the availability of affordable
housing. These hearings focused on many of the programs within the
jurisdiction of this appropriations bill, such as HOME, CDBG, section 8
vouchers, section 202 elderly housing, homeless and the disabled.
This country is facing a growing housing crisis. The growth in the
economy has created a major dilemma for an increasing number of working
class and low-income Americans--a better economy means higher rents in
many areas. A growing number of hard working Americans suddenly can't
afford the rental housing they are occupying, or can't even find any
housing available that is geared to their income levels. In addition,
our government is faced with the increasing budget needs of our
existing public housing system as well as how to pay for future housing
demands.
At our housing affordability hearings, witness after witness
reinforced the need for improved administration, utilization and
delivery of HUD's programs. Furthermore, programs like HOME, CDBG, HOPE
VI, section 8 vouchers, section 202, disability and homeless programs
need more flexibility so that housing finance agencies, PHAs and
community development groups can more effectively and efficiently meet
the needs of these vulnerable populations.
Now that we have concluded the hearings, it is our intention to begin
crafting legislation that will help to better meet the needs of this
growing housing affordability and availability problem. We will be
looking at ways to improve the delivery and administration of HUD
administered programs.
I know that many members plan to offer amendments today concerning
programs that fall within the jurisdiction of the Subcommittee on
Housing. I invite members who may have problems or concerns with this
bill to work with the authorizing committee to address those concerns.
Clearly, changes are warranted to many of these programs so that they
better meet the needs of the people that so desperately need our help.
I consider myself a strong fiscal conservative, so for my part I do
not automatically presume that each and every government program that
currently exists deserves an increase in funding, merely by virtue of
being there. Let us remember that the American taxpayer deserves
consideration in this budget debate as well. If redirecting resources
from one program to another means resources are being used more
efficiently and effectively, then we should be supportive.
Faced with sharp budget constraints, Chairman Walsh has worked hard
to use the taxpayers money in the most effective and efficient way
possible. Where funds have not been spent in a timely manner, he has
recaptured those funds and redirected them to programs that can use
them now. Funding for programs with proven track records--like HOME,
public housing operating subsidies, and housing for disabled and
elderly has been increased in this appropriations bill.
This bill isn't perfect--for example, I wish it included credit
subsidies to ensure the continued operation of the FHA multifamily loan
program; and I will continue to work with both OMB and the
Appropriation's Committee to determine how best to address continued
funding for that program. In fact, just last week, I asked GAO to
conduct a review of the issues surrounding the credit subsidy, such as
how it is assessed and whether it is consistent with current default
rates. There are good arguments on both sides of the issue relating to
whether we have an accurate risk assessment of the credit subsidy. I am
hopeful that the GAO will provide some insight on how best to proceed
in resolving this crisis and whether an actual insurance premium is
necessary.
Finally, I am glad that the Chairman has included provisions for the
President's Downpayment Assistance Program. Home funds are distributed
by formula to states and local participating jurisdictions which have
the flexibility to use these funds for a variety of purposes, including
downpayment assistance. The President's initiative would allow this to
continue, but would require state and localities to use a designated
amount of their funds for downpayment assistance.
This downpayment assistance set aside will go a long way to
addressing the needs of many of those who currently are unable to own
their own home. For this reason, I will oppose any amendment that seeks
to reduce or eliminate the money for this important initiative.
[[Page H4672]]
On balance, this bill deserves your support, and we recognize that it
outlines the foundation of review and legislative reform on our
committee agenda for next year.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Ortiz) for the purpose of a colloquy with the
chairman.
Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Chairman, I thank the ranking member, the gentleman
from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan) for yielding me this time.
I would like to enter into a colloquy at this point with the Chairman
of the subcommittee, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh). After
testifying last spring, Mr. Chairman, the subcommittee has been very
helpful in finding creative solutions to the challenges faced by a
multitude of veterans living in the Rio Grande Valley. I know the
limitations on our spending this year, and I applaud the gentleman's
work.
I appreciate language in the VA-HUD report to this bill that directs
the VA to work with the Defense Department to share resources to serve
our veterans, our active duty military, military retirees, and their
dependents. The language directs the VA and DOD to submit a plan to the
Committee for three demonstration sites through which to integrate
health care resources and reduce the burden on veterans.
I would like to propose that a hospital in South Texas, which is at
the Naval Air Station in Corpus Christi, be considered as a prospective
site for just such a demonstration to help our veterans. I know that
the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Hobson), my good friend, has actually
traveled to South Texas and looked at the facility with this in mind.
There is room in the hospital and open beds that could be used to tend
to the specialty care and the needs of our veterans.
I am grateful for a recent meeting with Veterans Secretary Anthony
Principi in which we had a very good discussion about the needs of
South Texas veterans. The Secretary was very engaged and helpful with
suggestions. Secretary Principi agreed to have his experts at the VA
study the prospect of having one of these demonstration sites at the
Naval Air Station Hospital at Corpus Christi. I am very appreciative.
Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh).
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for his diligence on
this very important issue in bringing the problem of accessible health
care for the veterans of the beautiful area of South Texas that he
calls home.
The VA and DOD have a great opportunity to do better in this area. I
agree that the Naval Hospital in Corpus Christi would be an excellent
candidate for this demonstration project, and I would encourage the VA
to give this site every consideration when formulating a plan.
Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the gentleman's help, and I
yield to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Hobson).
Mr. HOBSON. Mr. Chairman, I would also like to join in thanking the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Ortiz) for bringing his testimony before the
committee.
I visited this hospital in Corpus Christi, along with a number of
other members of my subcommittee, and I really believe that the
available capacity at that hospital and certainly the need of the
veterans in that area would lend itself to progress in this program
that he wants to do in this area. I want to commend the Chairman for
encouraging the VA to work with DOD at the possibility of establishing
not only this project, but other similar programs, because I think it
comes into the extension of quality, cost-effective care for our
veterans around the country, and the gentleman's facility in Corpus
Christi is a good place to demonstrate that program.
Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Chairman, I would like to thank the Committee again
and the staff for their very diligent work.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Oxley), the chairman of the Committee on
Financial Services.
(Mr. OXLEY asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of H.R. 2620. I want to
thank the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh), the chairman of the
subcommittee, and the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan), the
ranking member, for putting together an appropriations bill that
balances all of the competing interests and programs, given the fiscal
restraints that we are under.
As the chairman of the Committee on Financial Services, the housing
programs administered by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development fall under our jurisdiction. To date, the committee has
held at least nine housing program and oversight hearings to explore
how to make these programs models of efficiency and expand housing
opportunities for everyone.
What the hearings reveal is that we are facing a housing crisis. In
some areas, that crisis is one of availability of housing, while in
others, it is affordability, with low-income families paying more than
50 percent of their monthly income for housing. In other cases, it has
been poor management of public and private resources and, indeed, our
committee plans to look into that.
I applaud the committee on their work. For example, the HOME program
is increased by some $200 million to accommodate the President's
request. This new initiative will expand the homeownership dream,
particularly for low-income, first-time home buyers. While the overall
homeownership rate is 68 percent, we have lots of work to do in our
minority and disabled communities to foster this American dream. I will
oppose any amendments that diminish the Downpayment Initiative
incorporated in the HOME program.
I do want to point out to my colleagues that there will be some
amendments today related to the elimination of the Public Housing Drug
Elimination Grant Program. As I understand, this program is duplicative
and that the Public Housing Authorities already have existing authority
to provide crime-fighting initiatives through the operating fund. H.R.
2620 increases the PHA operating subsidy to 8.1 percent to allow
flexibility to do crime-fighting initiatives and other activities.
Moreover, the Drug Elimination Program experienced many abuses,
including HUD's approval to allow PHAs to use funds for ``creative
wellness'' programs that teach residents to surround themselves with
colored gemstones and incense; and I am not making this up, Mr.
Chairman, to the tune of $800,000; for occasions and trips, and for
controversial gun buy-back programs.
I am also concerned that there is $397 million of unspent funds, some
dating back to as far as fiscal year 1997. I support the
Administration's proposal to eliminate duplicate programs.
While I understand that there will always be more need than
resources, it is important that Congress act in a fiscally prudent
manner that balances the housing program investments made by the
taxpayer with the legitimate needs of those citizens who are not
finding adequate resources in the private sector. The Committee on
Financial Services, including the Housing Subcommittee chaired by
Representative Marge Roukema, looks forward to working through the
policy details that will ensure an improved housing delivery service.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Fattah), a distinguished and
hardworking member of the subcommittee.
Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Chairman, let me also thank the ranking member and
the chairman of the subcommittee for their hard work.
I have a number of concerns about the bill, even though I am
generally supportive. One of course is the elimination of the
AmeriCorps program, and the elimination of the drug elimination fund.
There is nothing controversial about gun buy-back programs in
neighborhoods where people have been victimized by the illegal use of
these guns. But I think that even though there are some unfortunate
directions, there is a lot to be very pleased with in this bill, and I
commend both the gentlemen who have had the leadership roles.
I wanted to yield a moment to the chairman, the gentleman from New
York, to have a brief colloquy on the question of the reserve funds for
public housing authorities.
I, along with the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Price), have
[[Page H4673]]
talked before about our concerns about the move from 2 months to 1
month. We realize that the vast majority of housing authorities have
not needed a 2-month reserve, but there have been instances where, for
a small percentage of housing authorities where they have had to go
beyond the 1 month. I just want assurances from the chairman that he
will be mindful of this and monitor and seek to ensure that HUD would
have the flexibility to be responsive so that no family presently being
served would in any way be jeopardized by the decision, and I think the
correct decision that has been made, which is to roll the reserve back
to a 1-month status.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. FATTAH. I yield to the gentleman from New York.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, certainly, it is not the committee's intent,
nor do I believe this action will have any negative impact, on the
ability of Public Housing Authorities to fully utilize their vouchers.
It is my understanding that less than $46 million of the $1.3 billion
in reserve funding was drawn down last year.
I assure the gentleman that it is the committee's intention that any
PHA which exhausts its funds will be given additional funds to ensure
that its legitimate needs are met. In fact, I have a letter from the
Deputy Secretary which indicates that HUD will continue its long-
standing policy to provide any Public Housing Authority that has
exhausted its funds for legitimate needs with whatever funding is
necessary to ensure that all families currently served retain their
assistance.
Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from New York.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from
Florida (Mr. Scarborough).
Mr. SCARBOROUGH. Mr. Chairman, I would also like to thank the
committee staff for this worthy bill which promotes environmental
cleanup and scientific study for areas impacted by toxic pollutants.
One such area of impact is Escambia County, Florida, which is my home
county. In 1998, it ranked 22nd out of 3,300 counties in America in the
amount of toxic releases reported to the EPA. Now there is mounting
evidence that these toxic pollutants contributed to increased illnesses
in Northwest Florida. Friends, neighbors, family members, and other
constituents continue to ask me questions at town hall meetings and
elsewhere about whether there is a connection between buried toxins and
increased levels of cancer and other diseases.
Fortunately, the University of West Florida and Escambia County
Health Department have formed a partnership to find scientific answers
to these troubling questions. These questions as to whether toxins
buried underground decades ago are now causing sharp increases in
cancer and other deadly diseases need to be answered.
Also, too often, the affected areas are occupied by some of our
poorest constituents, not only in Northwest Florida, but across
America.
{time} 1630
That is why I am grateful that this committee has urged the EPA to
study Escambia County's increased levels of illness, and it will impact
not only Northwest Florida, but also affected areas across America.
That is why I encourage passage of this worthy bill, and thank the
chairman and the staff for recognizing the importance of the measure.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Frank), distinguished member on the
Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity.
Mr. FRANK. Mr. Chairman, this bill is a stunning example of the
social harm that is resulting from the excessive tax reduction of
earlier this year.
We have widely acknowledged that there are housing crises in many
parts of this country. The gentlewoman from New Jersey (Mrs. Roukema),
who chairs the subcommittee, has presided over hearing after hearing in
which witnesses brought forth by both sides of the aisle have testified
to that.
The very prosperity which benefits so many and is so welcome
exacerbates the problem in many areas of those people in middle-income
and lower-income categories who are not participating, and this bill
systematically makes it worse. It is not a matter of what the
subcommittee chose to do, it is a matter of the substantial reduction
in resources mandated by that tax bill, which left them with no real
options.
As a result of the inaction of this committee pursuant to that tax
cut, the Federal Housing Administration, the FHA multifamily program,
is shut down, has been shut down, and will remain shut down. When we
get in the full House I will put in a letter from the homebuilders and
realtors and many others lamenting this. We are not building
multifamily units for middle-income people.
Public housing residents are savaged by the President's budget, and
unfortunately, this bill repeats that. The public housing drug
elimination program, I do not think it is duplicative to have more cops
in public housing. This cuts virtually every aspect of public housing.
The President says he will leave no child behind. Who does he think
lives in public housing, stuffed animals? Children live in public
housing, the poorest children in this country. They are victimized by
the poor resource allocation that this bill manifests.
This bill is, unfortunately, far below the minimum we should expect,
and that is mandated by that irresponsible tax cut.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished
gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Watt).
Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for
yielding time to me.
Mr. Chairman, this is kind of a strange institution we are operating
in here, because both the chairman of the Committee and the ranking
member I think have done a good job of operating within the context of
what they are operating in. Unfortunately, they are playing with a
budget the size of a baseball when the size of the need is, at best,
the size of a softball or a soccer ball, or perhaps even a basketball
or bigger.
The dramatic example of that is in the area of housing. The chairman,
the Republican chairman, the Democratic ranking member, and those of us
who sit on that committee have gone through hearing after hearing after
hearing, and every single witness has come and said, ``We need more
affordable housing in this country.'' Yet, there is nothing that will
address that need in this bill.
It is not because of the ranking member or the chairman of the
Committee, it is because of the big tax cut that has taken all of the
money that we should have been spending on low-income housing and
affordable housing and sent it back to rich people, leaving poor people
in destitute housing. That is a shame for our country.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
distinguished gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Kucinich).
Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time
to me.
As co-chair of the Congressional Aerospace Caucus, I strongly support
maintaining America's leadership in space exploration, research, and
technology. That is why I rise in support of increased funding for the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Let me speak of two challenges being met by NASA in aircraft noise
and engine emissions. The ultraefficient engine technology program at
the NASA Glenn research center is improving local air quality around
airports and reducing aviation's impact on global warming.
The program is developing revolutionary propulsion technologies for
increased performance and efficiency of aircraft engines. The goal of
NASA's quiet aircraft technology program is to develop technologies
which will contain aircraft noise within airport boundaries.
The Federal Government is investing millions of dollars every year to
insulate homes. Such sound insulation is the only feasible approach
today. However, breakthrough technologies developed by NASA through the
UEET program and the quiet aircraft technology program will properly
address the problem by achieving significant reductions in aircraft
noise and emissions.
[[Page H4674]]
I urge increased support for NASA. Not only will this funding enable
the U.S. to remain at the forefront of space technology, but it will
serve to give much-needed relief to our constituents who live near
airports.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, there have been a number of the speakers who have
commented on HUD funding. I would just like to respond briefly on a
couple of points.
First of all, we, unlike the Senate, increased Section 8 housing
vouchers. We put, I believe, 34,000 new housing vouchers in. Eight
thousand of those are specifically for people with disabilities. I
think that it is the subcommittee stepping up to the plate and dealing
with an issue that we have not fully dealt with in the past. The Senate
provided no new Section 8 housing vouchers, so I think the House did an
excellent job there.
We also increased operating expenses for the public housing
authorities across the land by 8 percent. That is a very, very
substantial increase.
Although we have a reduced amount of funding in the capital budget, I
would remind my colleagues, there is $8 billion in the capital expenses
pipeline for public housing authorities across the nation. That is $8
billion that is appropriated but unallocated to a specific project, and
unspent.
We would urge those public housing authorities to move forward and
allocate those funds toward a project. Otherwise, they will lose those
funds, and we will assign them to public housing authorities that are
spending their funds in a timely way.
The problem is, we are appropriating these monies and they are not
taking care of their housing code violations, they are not taking care
of the hazards that people living in public housing have to deal with
every day. So it is our responsibility as a Congress to make sure those
public housing authorities spend that money.
Lastly, the level of funding that we have provided is exactly what
the Clinton administration asked for for the past 3 years. So to say
that we did not do our job for HUD, Members can say that, but it is
tougher to make the case because the facts I think would argue
otherwise.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to the
gentleman from California (Mr. Filner).
Mr. FILNER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the ranking member for yielding
time to me.
Mr. Chairman, I add my voice to those of my colleagues on this side
of the aisle who have said there are stunning examples in this bill of
how the tax cut has forced us into insufficient funding for important
programs. I join everybody who has spoken in thanking the Chair and the
ranking member for doing what they can with the insufficient budget
they had.
Let me just add another stunning example, as my colleague, the
gentleman from Massachusetts said, of the social harm that has been
done by insufficient funding.
We all have said we have added $1 billion to the health care for our
veterans in this budget. That is true. But $1 billion, given the
inflationary cost of health care in this Nation, barely keeps up with
that inflation; $1 billion barely keeps up with the inflation. How do
we make up for all the years that we have not granted sufficient
funding to our Nation's veterans?
Of all people, these are the folks who we should take care of before
we declare a surplus, before we give a tax cut to the wealthiest 1
percent of our Nation. It is our veterans who have made this Nation the
prosperous one it is. Yet, they have come last, again.
The so-called Independent budget that is put out by the veterans
service organizations of this Nation, virtually every single veterans'
organization has contributed to this independent budget, they think
another $1.7 billion is necessary for the health care for our Nation's
veterans to keep up with inflation and to deal with problems such as
Hepatitis C, with problems of our aging veteran population, with
bringing down the incredible 5 months and 8 months and year-long
waiting times for specialty doctors.
So I will be proposing an amendment, when we get to that stage in the
bill, to give $1.7 billion extra. We have emergency funding in this
bill now. I would hope that this House would agree with me that the
funding for our veterans is an emergency, that we ought to declare our
support for our Nation's veterans and provide this level of funding.
There will be amendments to do that. There will be amendments to
increase the medical research budget, to increase the budget to fight
and treat Hepatitis C victims, and there will be amendments to give
health care to the 75,000 Filipino veterans of World War II, one-third
of them citizens of this Nation, and the others living in the
Philippines who have contributed to our Nation's victory in World War
II. It is time that we supported them.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from
Pennsylvania (Mr. Weldon).
(Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania asked and was given permission to revise
and extend his remarks.)
Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I thank my colleague for
yielding time to me.
I want to praise both the chairman and the ranking member of this
subcommittee for their outstanding work in a very difficult budget
environment. I know the tough decisions they had to make were not easy,
and I support the effort they have put forth.
I want to speak about one very small part of this bill we are going
to be voting on today that impacts one very large group of people in
America.
We talked about the FEMA budget and how we need to help resolve those
problems created by disasters and reimburse towns and cities for the
expenses they have lost, the debts they have in incurred. But we have
not heard anything about FEMA's commitment to the 1.2 million men and
women in this country who are the fire and EMS personnel.
Under the chairman's leadership, with the strong support of the full
committee chairman, the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Young), this past
year the Congress for the first time established a grant program to
support the Nation's domestic defenders. The $100 million that was
allocated was requested by 30,000 fire and EMS departments across this
country to the tune of $2.9 billion. We will only be able to fund a
very small portion of that request.
I am pleased that this bill has an additional $100 million, and I am
going to ask at a later point in time, when I offer an amendment, that
my colleagues and the leadership of this subcommittee support the
Senate position, which is $150 million.
We talk about the needs that we have in this bill, but Mr. Chairman,
each year 100, on average, fire and EMS personnel die in the line of
duty protecting our communities, and 85 percent of them are volunteers.
The right thing for us to do is to support a program that will help
prevent and protect these individuals from the loss of life and
injuries that they assume on a regular and annual basis.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
distinguished gentlewoman from Ohio (Mrs. Jones).
Mrs. JONES of Ohio. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding
time to me. I know the chairman works very hard to try and craft some
legislation that would address the issues of our community.
But I am concerned about the cut in housing that has occurred in this
bill, particularly the drug elimination program that was provided for
public housing. In Cuyahoga County, Ohio, that will mean the cut is
equal to the entire budget for the law enforcement department at the
Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority. For me and for my community
and district, that is significant.
So I ask Members to rethink that. I ask them to realize that even
though people think it is a stupid program, in fact the people who live
in public housing that have had an opportunity to have drugs eliminated
think it is a great program.
However, I do want to compliment the chairman and the ranking member
on the work they have done for the NASA program. The NASA program in
Cuyahoga County is very, very important. I want to thank the chairman,
the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Hobson), and my ranking member for seeing
that NASA had an opportunity to get additional dollars.
[[Page H4675]]
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the
distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Bentsen).
(Mr. BENTSEN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
{time} 1645
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the bill for
its functions that it annually funds, including funding for NASA and
other issues. But in particular I want to talk about the funding for
FEMA.
I strongly support the committee's decision to accept the amendment
offered by my colleague, the gentleman from Houston, Texas (Mr. DeLay),
to provide an additional $1.3 billion for FEMA as emergency funding. As
Members know, Tropical Storm Allison dropped 40 inches of rain
throughout the Houston area over a week-long period, causing damages up
to about $5 billion affecting 90,000 people in Texas.
It is estimated that the damages in the Texas Medical Center in my
district alone will exceed $2 billion, and it is expected with other
disasters that we will far exceed what was originally budgeted and what
the President originally called for. So I think this is a step in the
right direction.
In fact, the other body, in their bill, has a figure up to $2
billion; and I hope that ultimately we can get there, because we know
we will have other disasters in the remaining part of this year and in
next year. And we will certainly need this funding so people in my
district and other parts of Texas can get back on their feet.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, can the Chair advise us as to how much time
is remaining in general debate?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh) has 3\1/2\
minutes remaining and the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan)
has 2 minutes remaining.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Texas
(Mr. Hall).
(Mr. HALL of Texas asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. HALL of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this fine bill
that the chairman, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh), and the
ranking member, the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Mollohan), have
brought to the floor.
I do not get excited about many Federal programs, but this bill
contains money for two of the very best science agencies in the world,
NASA and the National Science Foundation. These are programs that
ultimately will result in an increased understanding of the world
around us and will deliver practical benefits to the American
taxpayers. It is a good bill.
Again, let me congratulate the Chair and the ranking member for their
fine work, and I urge my colleagues to support the NASA funding in this
bill.
It seems obvious to me that if we invest in these advanced science
and engineering efforts now, when our economy is still relatively
robust, we can help lay the groundwork for another generation of
economic growth, which is good for all Americans.
NSF is our premier agency for support of basic research at academic
institutions in the physical and biological sciences, in mathematics,
and in engineering. Basic research discoveries launch new industries
that bring returns to the economy far exceeding the original public
investment.
The Internet, which emerged from research projects funded by the DOD
and NSF, strikingly illustrates the pay-off potential of such research
expenditures. In fact, over the past 50 years, half of U.S. economic
productivity can be attributed to technological innovation and the
science that has supported it.
Unfortunately, the simple truth is that during the 1990s we have been
underinvesting in the fields of science that NSF supports.
A recent report from the National Academy of Sciences provides
specific examples that make this case. The report shows that between
1993 and 1999 federal research support at academic institutions fell by
14 percent in mathematics, by 7 percent in physics, by 2 percent in
chemistry, and by 12 percent in electrical engineering.
Inadequate funding for basic research in such important fields
imposes a price on society, because new ideas are lost that would
otherwise underpin future technological advances. Of even more
importance, anemic funding of academic science and engineering research
reduces the numbers of new young scientists and engineers, who
constitute the essential element necessary to ensure the nation's
future economic strength and security.
The bill before us provides funding growth for NSF in excess of nine
percent. The increase will enable the Foundation to expand its
investments in exciting, cutting-edge research initiatives, such as
information technology and nanoscale science and engineering. Of
course, I would like to see the budget-doubling rate of increase that
was appropriated for NSF last year. But I understand the constraints
the Committee faced and I believe they did a wonderful job under the
circumstances.
NASA
I'd now like to turn to the bill's treatment of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. I am a strong and unabashed
supporter of our Nation's space program. It has delivered countless
practical benefits to our citizens over the four decades since NASA was
established. You only need to think about some of the things that have
come from past investments in space research--including such things as
worldwide satellite communications, space-based weather imagery,
advanced medical diagnostic and telemetry devices, advanced materials--
the list just goes on and on--to know that this has been money well
spent.
I would be the first to say that we haven't been able to fund NASA as
well as I would have liked over the past decade. We were trying to get
the deficit under control, and NASA had to take cuts, just as other
agencies had to take cuts. And I supported holding the line on NASA's
spending, even though I supported its programs. However, we are in a
different era and I believe it is time to increase our Federal
investment in research and development. It's an investment in our
future, and no agency symbolizes the future more than NASA.
This bill, I am pleased to say, takes a step in that direction. It
provides an increase of more than four percent for NASA. Given the
constraints facing the Committee, I appreciate the efforts of Chairman
Walsh and Ranking Member Mollohan to provide the additional funding.
Of particular interest to me is the fact that the bill provides $275
million for the Space Station Crew Return Vehicle, as well as
additional funding for Space Station research.
I know that Members are concerned about the reported cost growth in
the Space Station program. And those who know me know that I do not
want to spend a single dollar more than is necessary to carry out the
Federal government's programs--whether they are NASA programs or some
other agency's programs. At the same time, we have to provide the
resources needed to finish what we start, or we will just wind up
wasting the taxpayer's money.
The International Space Station is going to be a world-class orbiting
research facility if we are wiling to keep the faith and ensure that it
has the capabilities successive Congresses have supported. Thus, we are
going to need to invest in Space Station research facilities--and make
sure that the Station can support the seven-person crew needed to carry
out that research. This bill supports that vision.
I also support the additional funding provided to the Space Shuttle
program. The Shuttle program is critical to our nation's exploration
and use of space, and we need to ensure that it has adequate funding so
that it keeps flying safely and reliably. In addition, the bill
provides funding for a range of important programs in science,
aeronautics, and technology.
These are programs that ultimately will result in increased
understanding of the world around us and will deliver practical
benefits to the American taxpayer. Again, let me congratulate the Chair
and Ranking Member for their fine work, and I urge my colleagues to
support the NASA funding in this bill.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I have no additional requests for time, and
I reserve the balance of my time to close.
Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Chairman, I have one remaining speaker.
Mr. Chairman, I yield the balance of my time, 2 minutes, to the
gentleman from Vermont (Mr. Sanders).
Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this
time.
Mr. Chairman, what this debate is about, really, is the priorities of
this country. Several months ago it was the wisdom of the President of
the United States and a majority of the Members of the Congress that we
were a rich enough Nation that we could afford to provide hundreds of
billions of dollars to the wealthiest 1 percent of the population,
people who have a minimum income of $375,000 a year. That is how rich
we were. But today, when we are talking about the needs of our
veterans, the men and women who put their lives on the line to defend
this country, the men and women who were
[[Page H4676]]
wounded in action, well, guess what, today we do not have enough money
to address their needs.
All over this country, including the State of Vermont, there are
waiting lines for veterans to get the quality treatment that they need.
There is speculation that the prescription drug program for veterans
will cost veterans more money because we do not have, as a Nation, the
funding available to take care of those people who made such sacrifices
for this country. Hundreds of billions of dollars for tax breaks for
those who do not need it but inadequate funding for our veterans.
Mr. Chairman, in my State, and again all over this country, millions
of Americans are paying 50 or 60 percent or more of their limited
incomes for housing. In one region after another in this country
affordable housing is unattainable. Yet, once again, we apparently do
not have enough money to adequately fund affordable housing in this
country, so that families and children sleep out on the street and
working people pay 50, 60 percent of their incomes for housing. Tax
breaks for millionaires, yes; adequate funding for affordable housing,
no.
And, once again, all over this country communities are struggling to
make sure that the air that they breathe, the water they drink, is not
polluted. Money for tax breaks, yes; money for the environment, no.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
Mr. Chairman, I thank my colleague, the gentleman from West Virginia
(Mr. Mollohan), for joining me in this debate and a general discussion
of the bill. As I said before, I think we have a good bill. I suspect
that if we had $150 billion to spend, someone would stand up and say we
just need more money. Last year, we provided a record increase in
veterans medical care, the most ever in the history of this country in
one year and we still had amendments asking for more money.
I think we have done a pretty good job of providing the resources
that we need. I would remind my colleagues that back in the years of
the Reagan tax cut, there was a very substantial tax cut but there was
an agreement that they would cut taxes and that they would also
commensurately cut spending. The tax cuts occurred, the spending cuts
did not. Therefore, we wound up with very substantial budget deficits.
I think that what we have done thus far this year is the right thing to
do. We have had growing surpluses, we were collecting more money than
the government needed to operate, and if the money was left there, it
would have been spent. So the President proposed a tax cut that was
supported by both the House, and the Senate, in very large numbers, and
signed by the President. It is now law and the money is being mailed
out to the taxpayers who were overpaying.
So we have to now take care of the spending part, which is really
what this bill is about. It is spending priorities. We have close to
$110 billion in this bill. Some of it is at our discretion, about $85
billion. I think we have done the best we could. I think we have met
the priorities of the country.
We have increased veterans medical care by $4 billion in the last 3
years, if this bill passes. We have provided for the protection of the
environment. We have provided for emergency relief, disaster relief for
emergency victims, and we have provided for the housing of our Nation.
I think we have made some difficult choices, but we have made wise
choices. And I think that the people who pay the taxes would accept the
fact that we have done our level best.
So I submit to my colleagues in closing the debate with my feeling
that we have done the very best that we could.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I would like to comment on
H.R. 2620, VA-HUD-Independent Agencies appropriations for FY 2002. I
intend to offer several amendments to this legislation to address my
concerns regarding affordable housing and support of our only national
community service program.
This bill appropriates $112.7 billion for programs and activities of
the Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
departments, and for independent agencies. The independent agencies
included under this appropriations measure include the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the
Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA).
The total appropriation in the bill is $7.2 billion (7%) more than FY
2001 funding and $2.1 billion (2%) more than the administration's
request. On an adjusted basis (i.e., after certain official CBO budget
scorekeeping adjustments have been made), the bill provides $112.6
billion--$7.5 billion more than the FY 2001 level but $2.3 billion less
than requested.
As the founder and Co-Chair of the Congressional Children's Caucus,
and congressional representative from the 18th Congressional District
of Texas I have a strong interest in the well being of our nation's
children and their families. I would like to offer the following
amendments for the committee's consideration as it prepares the rule
for consideration of this important legislation.
This year has been very difficult for the residents of Harris County
and the City of Houston with the devastation caused by flooding as a
result of Tropical Storm Allison. Although words cannot even begin to
describe adequately the destruction that Houston and its surrounding
areas, I will attempt to describe for you some of havoc that the storm
has wreaked. The more than three feet of rain that fell on the Houston
area beginning June 6 has caused at least 23 deaths in the Houston area
and as many as fifty deaths in six states. Over 10,000 people have been
left at least temporarily homeless during the flooding, many with no
immediate hope of returning to their homes. More than 56,000 residents
in 30 counties have registered for federal disaster assistance. Over
3000 homes have been destroyed, over 43,000 damaged. The damage
estimates in Harris County, Texas alone are $4.88 billion and may yet
increase. As to housing needs because of the flood, I will offer
amendments to increase the housing funds to assist in rebuilding
disaster-stricken homes.
Some of the most hard hit areas include the University of Houston,
Texas Southern University, and the Kashmere Gardens neighborhood, a
Houston enclave that is predominantly low income and possesses the
fewest resources needed to bounce back from this once in a lifetime
event.
However, I want to take particular note to some of the greatest
damage to our city, which occurred at Texas Medical Center, because
what has occurred affects us not just locally, or even just in Texas,
but nationally. The Texas Medical Center, home to some forty medical
institutions, is the largest medical center in the world. Globally
renowned medical care and research takes place there. The flood has
decimated these preeminent health institutions.
The flood has also damaged educational institutions. The University
of Houston estimates that the damage to that institution is $250
million, in addition several schools in the North Forest Independent
School District were also damaged.
Houston will recover, but to what extent and over what period of time
remains to be answered, by the federal government's commitment to
residents of that area. Therefore I support the effort to add $1.3
billion to FEMA's Disaster Relief Fund. I ask my colleagues to support
this needed funding to assist in all the existing disaster
declarations.
Assistance for residents in and around Houston has come from many
quarters. I am particularly grateful for the assistance provided by
AmeriCorps Volunteers, who were directed to the Houston area by the
Corporation of National and Community Service. The Corporation's three
major service initiatives are AmeriCorps, Learn and Serve America, and
the National Senior Service Corps.
Over 200 AmeriCorps members from four regional campuses responded to
a call-up from the American Red Cross to assist victims of Tropical
Storm Allison in Texas and Louisiana. The members are serving as first-
line family assistance representatives, helping families to receive
immediate aid and to identify each family's long term needs. The corps
members are also operating emergency assistance shelters, working in
soup kitchens, and delivering meals to people affected by the flooding.
Additionally, Spanish speaking members are helping translate emergency
assistance forms for people who don't speak English. The members are
working in ten emergency assistance shelters in the Houston, TX,
vicinity and three shelters around Baton Rouge, LA.
Overall, the storm caused upwards of $4.88 billion in damage to
Houston and surrounding Harris County. Over 20,000 homes were damaged
by the flooding as the storm dumped over 36 inches of rain in some
areas with some houses reporting over seven feet of water in them.
It is unfortunate that the Appropriations Committee zeroed out the
account for the Community Development Fund, when the administration
requested $411 million in funding for FY 2002. My amendment would
restore the program and allow them to continue their work on the behalf
of communities throughout the United States.
AmeriCorps, the domestic Peace Corps, engages more than 40,000
Americans in intensive, results-driven service each year. We're
[[Page H4677]]
teaching children to read, making neighborhoods safer, building
affordable homes, and responding to natural disasters through more than
1000 projects. Most AmeriCorps members are selected by and serve with
projects like Habitat for Humanity, the American Red Cross, and Boys
and Girls Clubs, and many more local and national organizations. Others
serve in AmeriCorps*VISTA (Volunteers in Service to America) and
AmeriCorps*NCCC (the National Civilian Community Corps). After their
term of service, AmeriCorps members receive education awards to help
finance college or pay back student loans.
AmeriCorps is a win-win program that I hope the rule for this
legislation will allow it to continue in its work to help make America
a better place to live. Homelessness in America continues to be a
problem that seems to lack a broad commitment to see and end to this
blight on the American Dream. Attempting to attribute homelessness to
any one cause is difficult and misleading. More often than not, it is a
combination of factors that culminates in homelessness. Sometimes these
factors are not observable or identifiable even to those who experience
them first hand (Wright, Rubin and Devine, 1998). For example, lack of
affordable housing is a factor repeatedly cited as contributing to
homelessness (Hertzberg, 1992; Johnson, 1994; Metraux and Culhane,
1999; National Coalition for the Homeless, 1999-F). However, lack of
affordable housing is often representative of a collectivity of other
problems. Other key factors include the inability to earn a living
wage, poverty, welfare reform, unemployment and/or domestic violence
that can combine to form a situation in which even the most basic
housing is not affordable.
The support that AmeriCorps volunteers provided to Houston area
residences must be supported by funds from the federal government in
allowing families have homes to live in after the damaged caused by
Tropical Storm Allison. I have an amendment that increases funds for
HUD's Community Development Block Grant Program to be used as matching
funds for home repair and buyout for Harris County and the City of
Houston citizens who have been displaced by Tropical Storm Allison.
Rather than speak in terms of cause, we must focus on the factors
that contribute to the alarming numbers of persons who are homeless.
Among the leading risk factors associated with homelessness, the
following factors are paramount: Lack of affordable/low-income housing;
poverty; welfare reform; Lack of a living wage; mental illness;
substance abuse; domestic violence; and lack of affordable health care.
I for one do not want to add to this list; natural disasters as a cause
of homelessness should this Congress fail to act.
Another key area of this legislation's appropriations provides
funding to our nation's aerospace effort. The residents of the Houston
Congressional District, which I serve, are located near the Johnson
Space Center, which manages human space flight missions as part of
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration was created by the
National Space Act of 1958, after the success launch of the world's
first man made satellite by the Soviet Union. NASA is charged with the
responsibility of conducting space and aeronautics research,
development, flight activity designed to ensure and maintain U.S.
preeminence in space and aeronautical endeavors.
The only real threat to date present to our nation's leadership in
space is right here on Earth in the determination of some Members to
see an end to this leadership.
The principal mission of the space station is to establish a
permanent human presence in space to perform research in a near-zero
gravity environment. The space station is the largest, most
technologically complex space program ever undertaken. Requiring more
than 40 space shuttle flights to complete, the space station will be
approximately the size of a football field, weight nearly 1 million
pounds, and have an interior volume comparable to two 747 aircraft. The
space station will serve as a platform for a range of research
activities in biology, physics, and materials science, as well as for
Earth and astronomical observations. The experience gained using the
space station will provide information to support decisions about
future human exploration missions. In addition, it is hoped that the
space station will attract a substantial number of commercial ventures,
and that an increasing fraction of the space station operational costs
will be covered by the private sector.
Our ability to reach for the stars is another priority, which will
ensure that America remains the preeminent country for space
exploration. Last year it was difficult to see NASA's budget cut and I
support every effort to increase funding during the FY 2001
appropriations process. After garnering support for increased funding
for General Science, Space and Technology, this year's budget is $1
billion above last year's appropriation. I am thankful for the hard
work done in restoring and increasing NASA's funding.
I will vigorously oppose any attempt to cut funds from NASA's
International Space Station budget or related accounts. NASA has become
an easy target over the last few years only because our dominance of
space exploration has not been challenged. However, I would like to
remind my colleagues that this circumstance could change. For this
reason, and the important medical and scientific breakthroughs that
could be achieve by the science conducted aboard the space station I
urge my colleagues to reject all attempts to decrease funding to NASA.
I would like for my colleagues as we amend this appropriations
measure, that we keep our eyes on the long view and not the short term.
Mrs. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to H.R. 2620,
the FY 2002 VA-HUD and Independent Agencies Appropriations bill because
the funding level in the bill is woefully disappointing in the areas of
veterans medical care and public housing programs that serve our
country's most vulnerable citizens and families.
Mr. Chairman, the funding shortfalls in this bill, in my opinion, is
totally unnecessary. We have the resources in this country to take care
of our veterans as well as to provide adequate housing for the poor,
the elderly and the disabled. But because my colleagues on the other
side of the isle thought it more important to pass a $1.3 trillion tax
cut.
I made a request to the subcommittee, which was unfortunately not
funded, to assist the Virgin Islands in replacing and upgrading our
wastewater and sewage treatment facilities. The government of the
Virgin Islands is under EPA mandate to replace or upgrade significant
components of our wastewater infrastructure to eliminate constant
bypass discharges of wastes in violation of the Clean Water Act. In
addition to the Clean Water Act concerns, the constant discharge of raw
sewage on our streets and in our beaches are threatening the quality of
life of Virgin Islanders as well as, our fragile Tourism economy.
Because my community continues to be plagued by this crisis, I will
continue to seek the assistance of the Chairman and Ranking Member of
the Subcommittee to explore the possibility that some assistance could
be provided to my district to deal with this problem.
I urge my colleagues to oppose this bill.
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Chairman, this Member rises today to express his
support for H.R. 2620, the VA, HUD and Independent Agencies
Appropriations Act for FY2002. First, this Member would like to thank
the distinguished gentleman from New York, the chairman of the
Appropriations Subcommittee on VA, HUD and Independent Agencies from
New York (Mr. Walsh), the distinguished gentleman from West Virginia,
the ranking member of the subcommittee (Mr. Mollohan), and all members
of the subcommittee for the work they did under the tight 302(b)
allocation.
This Member would like to focus his remarks on the following four
areas: Section 8 housing, Section 184 Indian Housing Loan Guarantee
Fund Program, and the Community Development Fund-Community Development
Block Grant (CDBG) program.
section 8 housing
First, this Member is supportive of the treatment of the Department
of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Section 8 housing contracts. The
legislation provides $15.7 billion to fully fund the renewal of all
Section 8 housing assistance contracts and it provides $197.2 million
to fund 34,000 new Section 8 vouchers.
section 184 indian housing loan guarantee fund program
Second, this Member supports the $6 million appropriation for the
(HUD) Section 184, American Indian Housing Loan Guarantee Program,
which is the same as the Administration's request. This Member created
the Section 184 program in consultation with a range of Indian housing
specialists. The Section 184 program appears to be an excellent new
program which is providing privately financed homes through a
Government guarantee program for Indian families who are otherwise
unable to secure conventional financing due to the trust status of
Indian reservation land. The above appropriations should support loan
guarantees totaling approximately $72 million which should assist an
estimated 20,000 families.
[[Page H4678]]
office of rural housing and economic development
Third, this Member would like to specifically commend the
Subcommittee for eliminating duplicative efforts of the Federal
Government in rural housing and economic development. Unlike FY2002 and
FY2001, this bill does not fund the Office of Rural Housing and
Economic Development within the Department of Housing and Urban
Development for FY2002. In fact, this Member testified before the VA,
HUD and Independent Agencies Appropriations Subcommittee in opposition
to HUD's duplicative efforts in rural housing.
As a long-term advocate of rural housing during his tenure in the
House, this Member believes that we need to be careful of duplication
in the efforts of the Federal Government in rural housing and economic
development. In the past, the United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA) through their Rural Development offices has successfully
implemented numerous rural housing and economic development programs.
As a result, this Member disagrees with HUD's efforts to duplicate USDA
Rural Development staff.
community development fund (CDBG)
Lastly, this Member would like to emphasize a concern about the VA,
HUD, and Independent Agencies appropriations bill which in large part
results from budgetary restraints. The Community Development Fund,
which includes the CDBG program, is provided $4.8 billion, which is
$255.6 million less than the fiscal year 2001 level. This reduction is
of substantial concern to this Member. Indeed the CDBG program has been
a model of local-Federal partnership.
The CDBG program not only is valuable to the larger entitlement
cities, but it also gives assistance to those communities under 50,000
through state administering agencies. It is a Federal Government
program with minimal overhead and bureaucracy. Moreover, CDBG has
provided invaluable dollars to cities and rural communities for such
things as affordable housing, public infrastructure, and economic
development.
In conclusion, because of the necessity to fund important housing and
community development programs, this Member would encourage his
colleagues to support H.R. 2620, the VA, HUD and Independent Agencies
Appropriations Act.
Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I strongly support the VA-HUD
appropriations bill.
This bill funds NASA and keeps our nation's leadership in human space
exploration on track.
I am particularly pleased that the bill increases funding for the
space station so that a crew return vehicle can be built. This critical
component will enhance on-orbit research activities by allowing for a
crew of six astronauts.
Also, I support the funds provided for the space shuttle program.
Despite a flat budget, the shuttle program is more efficient and safer
than ever.
The Shuttle program is critical to our nation's exploration and
discovery of space. Since the shuttle will have to fly until at least
2012 to meet our nation's human space flight goals, we must ensure that
the program is properly funded to include necessary vehicle upgrades
and ensure that we have the necessary infrastructure to support human
space flight.
Earlier this year, the shuttle program celebrated its 20th
anniversary and its 100th flight. We must ensure that the shuttle
remains a safe and reliable vehicle in space for the next decade and
beyond.
This bill takes us in that direction.
Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Chairman, I want to commend the chairman
and ranking minority member of the VA/HUD, and Independent Agencies
Subcommittee, Mr. Walsh, the gentleman from New York, and Mr. Mollohan,
the gentleman from West Virginia, for producing a bill that will ensure
that the National Science Foundation (NSF) stays at the forefront of
innovation.
For fiscal year 2002, H.R. 2620 provides $4.8 billion in funding for
NSF, an increase of 9.3 percent over the fiscal year 2001
appropriation. Specifically, the bill provides about $3.6 billion for
research, $135 million for research equipment and construction, and
$885 million for education and human resources.
NSF is the government's premier science agency. It supports cutting-
edge research to answer fundamental questions within and across
scientific disciplines. Often the potential for failure is as great as
that for success. But by encouraging such risks, NSF has helped fuel
new industries and jobs that have propelled economic prosperity and
changed the way we live.
Maintaining the Nation's leadership in science will require keeping
open the pipeline of new ideas and innovations that flow from
fundamental research. Although the private sector provides most of the
research funding, which is expected to top $180 billion this year, its
spending focuses largely on applied research with a near-term payoff.
The Federal Government, therefore, has a significant role to play in
supporting the long-term research the private sector needs but has
little incentive to pursue.
We also need to increase the pool of talented scientists in our
universities and workforce. Today, over half the graduate students in
science and math at American universities are foreign born, and we are
becoming increasingly reliant on foreign workers to fill critical jobs.
Further, it is estimated that by 2020, 60 percent of the jobs will
require the skills only 22 percent of the workforce has today. We can
and must do better.
NSF is the Federal Government's only agency dedicated to the support
of education and fundamental research in all scientific disciplines
from physics and math to anthropology and zoology. Today's NSF-led
research in nanotechnology, advanced materials, biotechnology, and
information technology are laying the groundwork for the technologies
of the future, and in the process training the scientists, engineers,
and technology entrepreneurs of tomorrow.
It is important that we continue to support NSF as part of a balanced
federal research portfolio. Large science budgets at mission agencies
like the National Institutes of Health, while welcome, are not enough.
As former NIH director Harold Varmus noted last year, breakthroughs
in the biomedical field are increasingly dependent on breakthrough in
other fields--computer science, chemistry, physics, and engineering--
traditionally funded by NSF. Nowhere is this more evident than in the
unraveling of the human genome, a remarkable achievement that could not
have occurred without advances in computing and networking technologies
funded by NSF and other agencies. This bill helps restore some balance.
I do have some concerns, however, about NSF's management of large
scientific construction projects, and I will be offering an amendment
to the bill that I hope will help NSF get the expertise it needs to
oversee these large projects. I believe that the addition of some
experienced federal project management professional would improve the
institutional memory and accountability within NSF, and I look forward
to working with Chairman Walsh to see that NSF gets the expertise it
needs.
Mr. Chairman, during its first 50 years, NSF-supported research has
improved our lives in countless ways. By further investing in basic
research today, we can ensure that over the next 50 years our kids and
grandkids will profit from the innovations of tomorrow.
Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Chairman, I want to express my strong
support for the House version of the VA-HUD appropriations bill, and
would especially like to associate myself with the comments of Mr.
Dreier and Mr. Schiff relating to NASA. The importance of this
legislation should not be underestimated. NASA and NSF are critical
investments in the science and research that drive technology and our
economy.
I am concerned about the Senate's action on the Solar System
Exploration program. As my colleagues have already stated, the cuts and
managerial changes proposed by the Senate would be devastating to the
exploration of our solar system, as well as to the men and women who
have dedicated their professional lives to extending our reach into
deep space.
The Senate proposes to cut $50 million from the Mars Surveyor
program. The exploration of Mars is an essential element of NASA's
exploration program. Because of the nature of Mars' orbit around the
Sun, we can only launch missions to Mars every two years. The reduction
proposed by the Senate would force NASA to choose between taking
unnecessary risks to meet the current launch schedule or delaying the
mission another two years. Both of these results would increase the
ultimate costs of going to Mars while limiting the ability of NASA to
accomplish its mission.
Similarly, the proposed transfer of the telecommunications and
mission operations directorate to an industry vendor would impede
rather than enhance our ability to explore the solar system. My
colleague, Mr. Dreier, discussed the impact on mission operations, I
would like to discuss the impact on the communications program.
It takes great skill and sophisticated equipment to communicate with
a tiny spacecraft billions of miles from Earth. Despite what Hollywood
might lead you to believe, it is not as simple as just phoning home. To
appreciate the complexity faced by NASA, the two Voyager spacecraft,
launched in the 1970s are still flying and still sending back data, but
they are literally billions of miles away and transmitting a signal
that is so weak, that the signal is almost undetectable. In fact, your
wristwatch operates on 20 billion times more energy. However,
eliminating the highly-skilled staff which operates the Deep Space
Network is tantamount to turning off the array.
Finally, despite the rhetoric about efficiency, there is nothing
efficient about failure. Cutting
[[Page H4679]]
funding and eliminating expert personnel may look good on the books
today, but it will end up costing the taxpayers their space program.
Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the provision
on the VA HUD appropriations which grants access to veterans medical
facilities for Filipino World War II veterans.
General Douglas MacArthur, referring to the defenders of Bataan and
Corregidor, claimed that ``no army has ever done so much with so
little.'' Many of us take this as words of commendation meant for
American forces defending the Philippines. However, we must not
overlook the fact that a substantial portion of this defense force was
composed of Filipino volunteers.
Although they fought and died alongside American comrades, these
veterans were never afforded equal status. Prior to mass discharges and
disbanding of their unit in 1949, these veterans were paid only a third
of what regular service members received at the time. Underpaid, having
been denied benefits they were promised, and lacking proper
recognition, General MacArthur's words, ``no army has ever done so much
with so little,'' truly depict the plight of the remaining Filipino
veterans today as they did half a century ago.
Access to veterans facilities would be of great benefit to these men
and it could not come at a more opportune time. The past few years have
seen the numbers of these men drastically decline. Now, mostly in their
80's and of declining health, the handful of these veterans now
remaining more than ever need the benefits and recognition afforded the
rest of their compatriots.
This provision is not the long awaited act that would restore
benefits denied by Congress to Filipino veterans who fought under the
American flag during World War II. However, it would go a long way
towards recognizing the service and sacrifices of these men for the
benefit of the United States. In the past, this country has considered
Filipinos as ``little brown brothers.'' Let us take an extra step and
go a long way towards recognizing them as equals by acknowledging their
service. Our ``little brown brothers'' were full partners in the
struggle against Japan. Let us work towards having them become full
partners in the distribution of benefits. I urge my colleagues to
support this provision.
Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Chairman, I want to highlight the bill's science
funding.
Because this is the bill that funds six different agencies, funding
requests for veterans and the homeless are pitted against science
programs and space exploration. Unfortunately, this is an institutional
reality the members of the Appropriations Committee face every year.
Given that reality Chairman Walsh and Ranking Member Mollohan have
succeeded in providing additional funding for science and technology.
The National Science Foundation and NASA have received a 9 percent
increase in funding and 4.5 percent increase over current year funding
respectively. While some Members and members of the scientific
community wanted more--this bill is a good start to proper science
funding. It is noteworthy that the committee has funded more than $200
million to educate K-12 students and their teachers in math, science
and technology education.
The Congress is doing the heavy lifting that the President failed to
do in his budget blueprint. I am very concerned about the President's
priorities when it comes to science.
It is interesting that the Bush administration has proposed to double
funding (a 13.5 percent increase over current year funding) for the
National Institutes of Health (NIH) and it proposed a 1.3 percent
increase for the National Science Foundation, 1.3 percent increase for
NASA and reduced funding for the Department of Energy's Office of
Science by less than 1 percent.
I do not often quote Former Speaker Newt Gingrich, but when it comes
to science funding--he has it right. ``To double NIH without doubling
the broad base of science means in the long run we will cripple the
evolution of science, because NIH cannot, in the long run, progress
beyond physics, chemistry, mathematics, etcetera.''
Recently E. Floyd Kvamme, the President's co-chairman of the Council
of Advisors on Science and Technology, wrote that NSF and NASA will
receive ``increases.'' ``In the case of NSF, its budget will grow 15
percent between 2000 and 2002,'' he said. That may be true. What he did
not write was that that 13 percent of the increase occurred during the
Clinton administration, according to the Congressional Research
Service, with Bush requesting less than 2 percent under the rate of
inflation.
The administration seems to be practicing fuzzy math to prop up its
lack of leadership when it comes to Science and Technology.
We know that government support for science has a direct impact on
innovation at universities and technology transfer in the private
sector. As someone who represents Silicon Valley, my constituents and I
know there is a direct link between competitiveness and innovation in
science and technology.
Without adequate research and development funding by the federal
government, we put our high technology companies and students at a
competitive disadvantage.
The future is now. The U.S. has the opportunity to invest wisely in
science and technology. Doing so keeps open the door to technological
advancement. The door will slam shut without adequate research and
development funding.
Earlier this year, the Senate adopted the Bond/Mikulski amendment to
the budget resolution. This amendment increased current year funding to
NSF by $674 million, to NASA by $518 million and to DOE's Office of
Science by $469 million.
Though not included in the budget resolution conference report, I
joined many of my colleagues in the House to support the science-
funding goal of the Bond/Mikulski amendment as the appropriation
process moves forward this year.
This bill already makes a start. Let's work with those who supported
this effort in the other body earlier this year as this appropriations
bill moves forward. With the support of my colleagues in the House, it
is my hope that the final appropriations bill contains the science
research and development increases that the Senate agreed to earlier
this year.
Mr. HOBSON. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this bill and want to
compliment my good friend and Chairman Jim Walsh for his hard work in
crafting this very important appropriations bill. With this bill, the
chairman and our committee worked hard to make sure that the medical
needs of our veterans are met, and that their claims are processed in a
timely fashion. It ensures that safe and affordable housing is provided
for the low income, the elderly, and the disabled. It provides funding
to make the water we drink cleaner and the air we breathe healthier. I
am proud to serve on this committee which addresses these priority
issues. In addition to the $1 billion increase for veterans medical
care, I want to point out a few other highlights:
This bill provides the highest budget ever for the National Science
Foundation at $4.8 billion. This is a 9 percent increase over last
years level. Funding from NSF produces the in-depth research performed
at almost every university across the country. Every single district
benefits from this increase.
This bill also fully funds the renewal of all expiring section 8
housing assistance contracts, and provides 34,000 new Section 8
vouchers. These vouchers will be distributed to those most in need, and
for the first time every, a portion will be designated for the
disabled.
After almost a decade of being flat-lined, NASA is provided nearly
$15 billion, including almost $7.6 billion for research and
development. As the space station is now in successful orbit, I am
pleased that this bill dedicates approximately $343 million to generate
the unprecedented microgravity research the scientific community has
been waiting for.
To address our environmental needs, this bill provides $1.2 billion
for Clean Water State Revolving Funds, which provide grants to our
communities to assist their efforts in building modern and adequate
wastewater facilities.
This bill provides $2.25 billion for the Federal Emergency Management
Agency to coordinate responses to our national disasters. I am
especially pleased that $404.6 million is designed for FEMA's core
activities to make sure that we are prepared to properly mitigate the
disasters which might strike. I would like to recognize not only the
FEMA officials who are all to often called to respond, but also the
state and local emergency management teams who will benefit from this
funding.
In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, I want to congratulate you and the staff
again this year for crafting a well-balanced bill.
Mr. NUSSLE. Mr. Chairman, I rise to speak on H.R. 220, providing
appropriations to the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and
Urban Development and various independent agencies. While I have some
concern about several provisions in the bill, the bill is technically
consistent with the Budget Resolution and complies with the Budget Act.
H.R. 2620 provides $85.4 billion in budget authority and $88.1
billion in outlays for fiscal year 2002. The bill does not exceed the
VA-HUD subcommittee's adjusted 302(b) allocation. Accordingly, the bill
complies with section 302(f) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974,
which prohibits measures that exceed the reporting subcommittee's
302(b) allocation.
This bill designates $1.3 billion in emergencies, which triggers an
automatic increase in the corresponding levels in both the Budget
Resolution and the statutory caps. The appropriation is for FEMA
Disaster Relief Operations in response to the recent tropical storm in
Houston, Texas.
It is not entirely clear that the designation is necessary because
the Budget Resolution provides ample resources for emergencies. With
this said, the emergency designation is clearly permitted under
existing law.
[[Page H4680]]
H.R. 2620 also provides $4.2 billion in advanced appropriations for
the Section 8 Housing Certificate Program, which will be counted
against the levels established in next year's Budget Resolution. This
advanced appropriation is on the list of permissible appropriations
under section 201 of H. Con. Res. 84.
I am somewhat concerned about several purported ``offsets'' in this
bill. The bill claims $7 million from the repeal of a provision that
was already signed into law. It claims another $121 million in savings
from a veterans-related provision that already passed the House.
Obviously, these savings can only be used once.
As Chairman of the Budget Committee, I am obligated to report to the
Congress on how the appropriations bills compare to the Budget
Resolution. Under existing law, this bill is consistent with the Budget
Resolution and does not violate the Budget Act.
Nevertheless, the existing process with respect to emergencies is
broken and needs to be fixed. At the very least, both Congress and the
President should set aside resources for emergencies and restrict the
use of these resources for legitimate emergencies.
Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Chairman, as chairman of the House Science
Committee I rise in strong support of the FY 2002 VA, HUD and
Independent Agencies appropriations bill. My good friends Chairman
Walsh, and Ranking Minority Member Mollohan have put together a bill
that is very good for science, good for the space program, good for
education, and good for the environment. That's a winning combination,
one that's good for America. I thank them for their leadership.
Chairman Walsh shares my belief that basic research provides the
foundation for economic growth and for the tremendous advances we have
made in areas like biomedical research. The appropriation for the
National Science Foundation contained within this bill reflects these
beliefs. And the committee is to be commended for the 9 percent
increase that he provided for the Foundation.
The bill also contains funding for the National Mathematics and
Science Partnerships Program that was proposed by President Bush and
that is authorized by my bill--H.R. 1858--that was unanimously reported
out of the Science Committee. This program will bring colleges and
universities and school districts together to form partnerships to
improve the quality of elementary and secondary math and science
education. Funding is also included to enable elementary and secondary
teachers to participate in research projects conducted at State,
Federal, and university labs.
I want to particularly thank the committee for including funding for
the Noyce Scholarship Program. Named for the co-founder of Intel, this
program provides scholarships to talented mathematics, science, and
engineering students in exchange for a commitment to teach two years
for each year of scholarship. I look forward to working closely with
Chairman Walsh to retain this funding as the bill goes to conference.
The chairman is also to be commended for a bill that protects and
expands NASA's scientific programs in Science, Aeronautics, and
Technology while striking the right balance for the space station.
This bill sends a clear signal that Congress is not going to bail
NASA out for its management failures. It also makes clear that we're
willing to work with the Administration to identify additional
resources to improve station capabilities, if we see the right
management reforms and performance improvements at NASA. With that in
mind, requiring the White House Office of Management and Budget to
certify that NASA is containing its costs before obligating additional
funds makes a lot of sense. Moreover, we should require the White House
Office of Science and Technology Policy to certify that those
additional funds will benefit the research effort.
Through careful fiscal management, we can ensure that the space
station benefits science in the long run. The bill sets us on that
path.
I particularly appreciate the committee's commitment to new space
technology and its effort to bridge the gap between NASA and the Air
Force. By directing additional funding into the Air Force Research Lab,
the bill encourages NASA and the Air Force to pool their efforts on
technologies that will benefit both agencies and the American people.
Space based radar technology, for example, is vital to our national
security, but also has immense applications in Earth science. A
development program that reduces the cost of synthetic aperture radar
technology will benefit both.
Similarly, the bistatic radar technology developed at Rome Research
site has immense potential for upgrading our national launch range
tracking capabilities at a low cost. By demonstrating this technology,
we may finally break the logjam that has undermined our space launch
competitiveness.
Let me turn for a moment to the budget for the Environmental
Protection Agency. I appreciate the efforts of Chairman Walsh and his
colleagues to provide a responsible budget to help meet the nation's
environmental needs. On the whole, the bill is good news for EPA.
Clearly, many of us would prefer to see higher funding levels for
some of the agency's programs, but the gentleman from New York has done
an admirable job of balancing competing needs and working within
difficult fiscal constraints.
As chairman of the Science Committee, I am particularly pleased the
bill increases funding for the Science and Technology account from $640
million in the budget request to $680 million.
As a member of the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee and
the Congressional Water Infrastructure Caucus, I am pleased the bill
rejects the proposed cut to the Clean Water State Revolving Fund but am
disappointed it doesn't provide at least $1.35 billion for the program.
I appreciate the constraints facing the chairman but would encourage
the committee to find a way to fund some of the important, water
infrastructure and ecosystem restoration programs, such as the new
sewer overflow control grants program and the reauthorized Clean Lakes
program. I hope there are opportunities down the road to target
assistance for such efforts.
I would also continue to note my concern with the Superfund program.
The bill provides $1.27 billion. The appropriators are doing their best
under the circumstances. Congress needs to change the circumstances;
comprehensive reform and, at a minimum, a reauthorization of the
corporate environmental income tax--twelve one hundreds of a per cent
(which expired on December 31, 1995) should be the next course of
action.
Mr. Chairman, this is a good bill for science, a good bill for the
space program, and a good will for the environment. It aptly
illustrates the tremendous leadership provided by my friend from New
York, Chairman Walsh, and I urge my colleagues to support it.
Mr. WALSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The Committee will rise informally.
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Foley) assumed the Chair.
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