[Congressional Record Volume 147, Number 102 (Friday, July 20, 2001)]
[House]
[Pages H4370-H4371]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
DEBT RELIEF
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentlewoman from California (Ms. Waters) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, this coming weekend, from July 20 to July
22, President George W. Bush will be meeting with the heads of
government at the G-8 Summit in Genoa, Italy, to discuss international
economic issues. I urge the President to support the complete
cancellation of the debts that the world's poorest countries owe the
International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
[[Page H4371]]
The Enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative, referred to
as HIPC, was developed in 1999 to provide debt relief to the world's
poorest countries. The HIPC Initiative requires countries to invest the
savings from debt relief in HIV-AIDS treatment and prevention, health
care, education, and poverty reduction programs.
Unfortunately, the IMF and the World Bank have not provided their
fair share of debt relief. While the United States agreed to cancel 100
percent of the debts owed by poor countries, the IMF and the World Bank
have agreed to reduce these countries' debts by less than half. As a
result, the countries that have begun to receive debt relief have seen
their debt payments reduced by an average of only 27 percent. Most of
these countries are still spending more money on debt payments than
they are on health care.
Zambia provides an excellent illustration of what is wrong with the
approach of the IMF and the World Bank. Zambia is a deeply impoverished
country with a per capita income of only $330. The infant mortality
rate exceeds 1 percent of live births, and 27 percent of Zambian
children under 5 are malnourished. Zambia has also been ravaged by the
HIV-AIDS pandemic. Almost 10 percent of the population is infected with
the AIDS virus and 650,000 children have been orphaned by AIDS.
AIDS has also ravaged the educational system by causing a shortage of
trained teachers. Yet Zambia's debt payments have actually increased
following the receipt of debt relief. Moreover, Zambia spends more than
twice as much money on debt payments as it does on health care.
How can the International Monetary Fund tell countries like Zambia to
use savings from debt relief for poverty reduction when the IMF knows
there is no savings?
On April 26, 2001, I introduced H.R. 1642, the Debt Cancellation for
the New Millennium Act. This bill would require the IMF and the World
Bank to provide complete cancellation of 100 percent of the debts owed
to them by all 32 impoverished countries that are expected to qualify
for the HIPC Initiative. The bill would also allow three additional
impoverished countries, Bangladesh Haiti, and Nigeria, to participate
in the HIPC Initiative. Furthermore, the bill would prohibit the
imposition of user fees for education and health services and other
structural adjustment programs as conditions for debt relief. Seventy-
six Members of Congress representing both political parties have
cosponsored this bill.
The IMF and the World Bank have sufficient resources to completely
wipe away poor countries' debts. It is time for the IMF and the World
Bank to do their share to make debt relief a reality for poor countries
and their people. It is time for the IMF and the World Bank to allow
these countries to invest their resources in health, education, and the
elimination of poverty.
I urge President Bush and the world leaders who attend the G-8 summit
to tell the IMF and the World Bank to completely cancel 100 percent of
the debts of the world's most impoverished countries once and for all.
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