[Congressional Record Volume 146, Number 122 (Wednesday, October 4, 2000)]
[Senate]
[Pages S9867-S9869]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




              AMENDING THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961

  Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the 
Senate now proceed to the consideration of Calendar No. 913, H.R. 4002.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title.
  The legislative clerk read as follows:

       A bill (H.R. 4002) to amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 
     1961 to revise and improve provisions relating to famine 
     prevention and freedom from hunger.

  There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the bill, 
which had been reported from the Committee on Foreign Relations, with 
an amendment. [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the 
part printed in italic].

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Famine Prevention and 
     Freedom From Hunger Improvement Act of 2000''.

     SEC. 2. GENERAL PROVISIONS.

       (a) Declarations of Policy.--(1) The first sentence of 
     section 296(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
     U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended to read as follows: ``The 
     Congress declares that, in order to achieve the mutual goals 
     among nations of ensuring food security, human health, 
     agricultural growth, trade expansion, and the wise and 
     sustainable use of natural resources, the United States 
     should mobilize the capacities

[[Page S9868]]

     of the United States land-grant universities, other eligible 
     universities, and public and private partners of universities 
     in the United States and other countries, consistent with 
     sections 103 and 103A of this Act, for: (1) global research 
     on problems affecting food, agriculture, forestry, and 
     fisheries; (2) improved human capacity and institutional 
     resource development for the global application of 
     agricultural and related environmental sciences; (3) 
     agricultural development and trade research and extension 
     services in the United States and other countries to support 
     the entry of rural industries into world markets; and (4) 
     providing for the application of agricultural sciences to 
     solving food, health, nutrition, rural income, and 
     environmental problems, especially such problems in low-
     income, food deficit countries.''.
       (2) The second sentence of section 296(a) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(a)) is amended--
       (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (7) as 
     subparagraphs (A) through (G), respectively;
       (B) in subparagraph (A) (as redesignated), by striking ``in 
     this country'' and inserting ``with and through the private 
     sector in this country and to understanding processes of 
     economic development'';
       (C) in subparagraph (B) (as redesignated), to read as 
     follows:
       ``(B) that land-grant and other universities in the United 
     States have demonstrated over many years their ability to 
     cooperate with international agencies, educational and 
     research institutions in other countries, the private sector, 
     and nongovernmental organizations worldwide, in expanding 
     global agricultural production, processing, business and 
     trade, to the benefit of aid recipient countries and of the 
     United States;'';
       (D) in subparagraph (C) (as redesignated), to read as 
     follows:
       ``(C) that, in a world of growing populations with rising 
     expectations, increased food production and improved 
     distribution, storage, and marketing in the developing 
     countries is necessary not only to prevent hunger and ensure 
     human health and child survival, but to build the basis for 
     economic growth and trade, and the social security in which 
     democracy and a market economy can thrive, and moreover, that 
     the greatest potential for increasing world food supplies and 
     incomes to purchase food is in the developing countries where 
     the gap between food need and food supply is the greatest and 
     current incomes are lowest;'';
       (E) by striking subparagraphs (E) and (G) (as 
     redesignated);
       (F) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (F) (as 
     redesignated);
       (G) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G); 
     and
       (H) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
       ``(E) that, with expanding global markets and increasing 
     imports into many countries, including the United States, 
     food safety and quality, as well as secure supply, have 
     emerged as mutual concerns of all countries;
       ``(F) that research, teaching, and extension activities, 
     and appropriate institutional and policy development 
     therefore are prime factors in improving agricultural 
     production, food distribution, processing, storage, and 
     marketing abroad (as well as in the United States);'';
       (I) in subparagraph (G) (as redesignated), by striking ``in 
     the United States'' and inserting ``and the broader economy 
     of the United States''; and
       (J) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(H) that there is a need to responsibly manage the 
     world's natural resources for sustained productivity, health 
     and resilience to climate variability; and
       ``(I) that universities and public and private partners of 
     universities need a dependable source of funding in order to 
     increase the impact of their own investments and those of 
     their State governments and constituencies, in order to 
     continue and expand their efforts to advance agricultural 
     development in cooperating countries, to translate 
     development into economic growth and trade for the United 
     States and cooperating countries, and to prepare future 
     teachers, researchers, extension specialists, entrepreneurs, 
     managers, and decisionmakers for the world economy.''.
       (b) Additional Declarations of Policy.--Section 296(b) of 
     the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(b)) is 
     amended to read as follows:
       ``(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to 
     prevent famine and establish freedom from hunger, the 
     following components must be brought together in a 
     coordinated program to increase world food and fiber 
     production, agricultural trade, and responsible management of 
     natural resources, including--
       ``(1) continued efforts by the international agricultural 
     research centers and other international research entities to 
     provide a global network, including United States 
     universities, for international scientific collaboration on 
     crops, livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, and 
     food systems of worldwide importance;
       ``(2) contract research and the implementation of 
     collaborative research support programs and other research 
     collaboration led by United States universities, and 
     involving research systems in other countries focused on 
     crops, livestock, forests, fisheries, farming resources, and 
     food systems, with benefits to the United States and partner 
     countries;
       ``(3) broadly disseminating the benefits of global 
     agricultural research and development including increased 
     benefits for United States agriculturally related industries 
     through establishment of development and trade information 
     and service centers, for rural as well as urban communities, 
     through extension, cooperatively with, and supportive of, 
     existing public and private trade and development related 
     organizations;
       ``(4) facilitation of participation by universities and 
     public and private partners of universities in programs of 
     multilateral banks and agencies which receive United States 
     funds;
       ``(5) expanding learning opportunities about global 
     agriculture for students, teachers, community leaders, 
     entrepreneurs, and the general public through international 
     internships and exchanges, graduate assistantships, faculty 
     positions, and other means of education and extension through 
     long-term recurring Federal funds matched by State funds; and
       ``(6) competitive grants through universities to United 
     States agriculturalists and public and private partners of 
     universities from other countries for research, institution 
     and policy development, extension, training, and other 
     programs for global agricultural development, trade, and 
     responsible management of natural resources.''.
       (c) Sense of the Congress.--Section 296(c) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(c)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``each component'' and 
     inserting ``each of the program components described in 
     paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b)'';
       (2) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners of 
     universities'' after ``for the universities''; and
       (B) by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (3) in paragraph (3)--
       (A) by inserting ``and public and private partners of 
     universities'' after ``such universities'';
       (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``, and'' and 
     inserting a semicolon;
       (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking the comma at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon;
       (D) by striking the matter following subparagraph (B); and
       (E) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(C) multilateral banks and agencies receiving United 
     States funds;
       ``(D) development agencies of other countries; and
       ``(E) United States Government foreign assistance and 
     economic cooperation programs;''; and
       (4) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) generally engage the United States university 
     community more extensively in the agricultural research, 
     trade, and development initiatives undertaken outside the 
     United States, with the objectives of strengthening its 
     capacity to carry out research, teaching, and extension 
     activities for solving problems in food production, 
     processing, marketing, and consumption in agriculturally 
     developing nations, and for transforming progress in global 
     agricultural research and development into economic growth, 
     trade, and trade benefits for aid recipient countries and 
     United States communities and industries, and for the wise 
     use of natural resources; and
       ``(5) ensure that all federally funded support to 
     universities and public and private partners of universities 
     relating to the goals of this title is periodically reviewed 
     for its performance.''.
       (d) Definition of Universities.--Section 296(d) of the 
     Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(d)) is 
     amended--
       (1) by inserting after ``sea-grant colleges;'' the 
     following: ``Native American land-grant colleges as 
     authorized under the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status 
     Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note);''; and
       (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``extension'' and 
     inserting ``extension (including outreach)''.
       (e) Definition of Administrator.--Section 296(e) of the 
     Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a(e)) is 
     amended by inserting ``United States'' before ``Agency''.
       (f) Definition of Public and Private Partners of 
     Universities.--Section 296 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
     1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(f) As used in this title, the term `public and private 
     partners of universities' includes entities that have 
     cooperative or contractual agreements with universities, 
     which may include formal or informal associations of 
     universities, other education institutions, United States 
     Government and State agencies, private voluntary 
     organizations, nongovernmental organizations, firms operated 
     for profit, nonprofit organizations, multinational banks, 
     and, as designated by the Administrator, any organization, 
     institution, or agency incorporated in other countries.''.
       (g) Definition of Agriculture.--Section 296 of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended by adding 
     at the end the following:
       ``(g) As used in this title, the term `agriculture' 
     includes the science and practice of activity related to 
     food, feed, and fiber production, processing, marketing, 
     distribution, utilization, and trade, and also includes 
     family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food science and 
     engineering, agricultural economics and other social 
     sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, 
     floraculture, veterinary medicine, and other environmental 
     and natural resources sciences.''.
       (h) Definition of Agriculturists.--Section 296 of the 
     Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220a) is amended 
     by adding at the end the following:
       ``(h) As used in this title, the term `agriculturists' 
     includes farmers, herders, and livestock producers, 
     individuals who fish and others employed in cultivating and 
     harvesting food resources from salt and fresh waters, 
     individuals who cultivate trees and shrubs and harvest 
     nontimber forest products, as well as the processors, 
     managers, teachers, extension specialists, researchers, 
     policymakers, and others who are engaged in the food, feed, 
     and fiber system and its relationships to natural 
     resources.''.

[[Page S9869]]

     SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORITY.

       (a) Authorization of Assistance.--Section 297(a) of the 
     Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(a)) is 
     amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), to read as follows:
       ``(1) to implement program components through United States 
     universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of 
     this subsection;'';
       (2) in paragraph (3), to read as follows:
       ``(3) to provide long-term program support for United 
     States university global agricultural and related 
     environmental collaborative research and learning 
     opportunities for students, teachers, extension specialists, 
     researchers, and the general public;''; and
       (3) in paragraph (4)--
       (A) by inserting ``United States'' before ``universities'';
       (B) by inserting ``agricultural'' before ``research 
     centers''; and
       (C) by striking ``and the institutions of agriculturally 
     developing nations'' and inserting ``multilateral banks, the 
     institutions of agriculturally developing nations, and United 
     States and foreign nongovernmental organizations supporting 
     extension and other productivity-enhancing programs''.
       (b) Requirements.--Section 297(b) of the Foreign Assistance 
     Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(b)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
     ``universities'' and inserting ``United States universities 
     with public and private partners of universities''; and
       (B) in subparagraph (C)--
       (i) by inserting ``, environment,'' before ``and related''; 
     and
       (ii) by striking ``farmers and farm families'' and 
     inserting ``agriculturalists'';
       (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, including resources 
     of the private sector,'' after ``Federal or State 
     resources''; and
       (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and the United States 
     Department of Agriculture'' and all that follows and 
     inserting ``, the Department of Agriculture, State 
     agricultural agencies, the Department of Commerce, the 
     Department of the Interior, the Environmental Protection 
     Agency, the Office of the United States Trade Representative, 
     the Food and Drug Administration, other appropriate Federal 
     agencies, and appropriate nongovernmental and business 
     organizations.''.
       (c) Further Requirements.--Section 297(c) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b(c)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2), to read as follows:
       ``(2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural 
     producers, rural families, processors, traders, consumers, 
     and natural resources managers;''; and
       (2) in paragraph (4), to read as follows:
       ``(4) be carried out within the developing countries and 
     transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies 
     and newly liberalized economies; and''.
       (d) Special Programs.--Section 297 of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220b) is amended by adding 
     at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(e) The Administrator shall establish and carry out 
     special programs under this title as part of ongoing programs 
     for child survival, democratization, development of free 
     enterprise, environmental and natural resource management, 
     and other related programs.''.

     SEC. 4. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL 
                   DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) Establishment.--Section 298(a) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(a)) is amended in the 
     third sentence, by inserting at the end before the period the 
     following: ``on a case-by-case basis''.
       (b) General Areas of Responsibility of the Board.--Section 
     298(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
     2220c(b)) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(b) The Board's general areas of responsibility shall 
     include participating in the planning, development, and 
     implementation of, initiating recommendations for, and 
     monitoring, the activities described in section 297 of this 
     title.''.
       (c) Duties of the Board.--Section 298(c) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(c)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``increase food 
     production'' and all that follows and inserting the 
     following: ``improve agricultural production, trade, and 
     natural resource management in developing countries, and with 
     private organizations seeking to increase agricultural 
     production and trade, natural resources management, and 
     household food security in developing and transition 
     countries;''; and
       (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before ``sciences'' 
     the following: ``, environmental, and related social'';
       (2) in paragraph (4), after ``Administrator and 
     universities'' insert ``and their partners'';
       (3) in paragraph (5), after ``universities'' insert ``and 
     public and private partners of universities'';
       (4) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (5) in paragraph (7), by striking ``in the developing 
     nations.'' and inserting ``and natural resource issues in the 
     developing nations, assuring efficiency in use of Federal 
     resources, including in accordance with the Governmental 
     Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62; 107 
     Stat. 285), and the amendments made by that Act;''; and
       (6) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(8) developing information exchanges and consulting 
     regularly with nongovernmental organizations, consumer 
     groups, producers, agribusinesses and associations, 
     agricultural cooperatives and commodity groups, State 
     departments of agriculture, State agricultural research and 
     extension agencies, and academic institutions;
       ``(9) investigating and resolving issues concerning 
     implementation of this title as requested by universities; 
     and
       ``(10) advising the Administrator on any and all issues as 
     requested.''.
       (d) Subordinate Units.--Section 298(d) of the Foreign 
     Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2220c(d)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) by striking ``Research'' and insert ``Policy'';
       (B) by striking ``administration'' and inserting 
     ``design''; and
       (C) by striking ``section 297(a)(3) of this title'' and 
     inserting ``section 297''; and
       (2) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by striking ``Joint Committee on Country Programs'' and 
     inserting ``Joint Operations Committee''; and
       (B) by striking ``which shall assist'' and all that follows 
     and inserting ``which shall assist in and advise on the 
     mechanisms and processes for implementation of activities 
     described in section 297.''.

     SEC. 5. ANNUAL REPORT.

       Section 300 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
     U.S.C. 2220e) is amended by striking ``April 1'' and 
     inserting ``September 1''.


                           Amendment No. 4289

  Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. President, Senator Hagel has a technical 
amendment at the desk, and I ask for its consideration.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
  The legislative clerk read as follows:

       The Senator from Illinois [Mr. Fitzgerald], for Mr. Hagel, 
     proposes an amendment numbered 4289.

  The amendment is as follows:

(Purpose: To include in the statement of policies that there is a need 
  to responsibly manage the world's agricultural, as well as, natural 
resources for sustained productivity, health and resilience to climate 
                              variability)

       On page 23, line 2, insert ``agricultural and'' after 
     ``world's''.

  Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the 
amendment be agreed to.
  The amendment (No. 4289) was agreed to.
  Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent the committee 
substitute amendment, as amended, be agreed to, the bill be read a 
third time and passed, as amended, the motion to reconsider be laid 
upon the table, and that any statements relating to the bill be printed 
in the Record.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  The committee substitute, as amended, was agreed to.
  The bill (H.R. 4002), as amended, was read the third time and passed.

                          ____________________