[Congressional Record Volume 146, Number 67 (Thursday, May 25, 2000)]
[House]
[Pages H3816-H3828]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 2559, AGRICULTURAL RISK PROTECTION ACT OF
2000
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on Rules, I
call up House Resolution 512 and ask for its immediate consideration.
The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:
H. Res. 512
Resolved, That upon adoption of this resolution it shall be
in order to consider the conference report to accompany the
bill (H.R. 2559) to amend the Federal Crop Insurance Act to
strengthen the safety net for agricultural producers by
providing greater access to more affordable risk management
tools and improved protection from production and income
loss, to improve the efficiency and integrity of the Federal
crop insurance program, and for other purposes. All points of
order against the conference report and against its
consideration are waived. The conference report shall be
considered as read.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from New York (Mr. Reynolds)
is recognized for 1 hour.
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, for the purpose of debate only, I yield
the customary 30 minutes to my friend, the gentleman from Massachusetts
(Mr. Moakley), pending which I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, during consideration of this resolution, all time
yielded is for the purpose of debate only.
(Mr. REYNOLDS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks and to include extraneous material.)
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, the legislation before us today provides
for consideration of the conference report to H.R. 2559, the
Agriculture Risk Protection Act of 1999.
Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 512 is a standard conference report
rule that waives all points of order against the conference report and
against its consideration.
Additionally, the rule provides that the conference report shall be
considered as read.
Passage of this rule will allow the House to consider the conference
report to the Agriculture Risk Protection Act.
The Agriculture Risk Protection Act enjoys broad bipartisan support
from colleagues representing farmers and ranchers from all regions of
the country. It is the right legislative response to the current plight
of our Nation's farmers and ranchers.
Mr. Speaker, it is no secret that farmers, growers, and ranchers are
not experiencing the prosperity that many other Americans enjoy today.
Confronted by adverse weather and low prices, they are facing a second
year of extreme economic crisis.
In fact, apple growers alone lost a staggering $760 million
nationwide over the past 3 years, according to USDA statistics.
Representing Wayne County, New York, the largest apple producer in
New York State and one of the largest in the Nation, this type of
statistic is particularly troubling.
Growers in my district have been especially hard hit in recent years.
Floods, storms, drought, and other severe weather have had a crippling
effect on area specialty crop farmers.
Just last week, flooding destroyed onion crops that had been planted
only days earlier in the Elba mucklands in Genesee County in my
congressional district.
One local farmer estimated a 75 percent loss on 3,000 acres of onion
crop, with an estimated value of $15 million annually.
Despite these and other disasters, crop insurance programs have
historically been tailored to farmers who grow so-called traditional
crops, such as wheat, corn, and soybeans.
It is for that reason that I am especially pleased with the
conference report which, for the first time, earmarks funds and
encourages the development of products for underserved commodities,
including specialty crops.
This Nation has had a long and proud agricultural history.
Agriculture has been and remains a vital part of our Nation's economy
and way of life. America's farmers feed not only our Nation but also
the world.
We must give agriculture producers the tools to manage risk
responsibly, and this legislation does just that.
This bill provides better insurance coverage at a lower cost for our
Nation's farmers. It provides affordable coverage at every level, with
strong incentives to purchase higher levels of protection and new
flexibility for producers to choose the level of coverage that best
meets their needs.
This legislation promotes the development of new products for
managing risk, empowering universities, co-ops, and individual farmers
who work to develop successful policies.
It makes sure that every farmer and rancher has the tools necessary
for risk preparation. Proactive steps such as these are needed at the
Federal level.
Under current conditions, too many farmers are unable to afford crop
insurance. When natural disasters strike, the Federal Government
assists victims with taxpayer dollars.
By increasing Federal contributions to crop insurance, such insurance
becomes more affordable and there is less need for taxpayer dollars for
reactive solutions.
H.R. 2559 makes across-the-board reductions in farmer-paid premiums.
The bill makes insurance that protects price as well as production more
affordable to our farmers.
The bill also helps farmers who are hit hard by multiyear disasters
to insure more of the yield of what they have proven that they can
grow. These changes will help farmers from all regions growing all
crops.
In short, Mr. Speaker, the Agriculture Risk Protection Act is a
common sense, fiscally conservative bill. In passing the conference
report, Congress goes a long way to properly prepare for natural
disasters that impact agriculture production.
In conclusion, I would like to commend the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Combest), Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, and the gentleman
from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) for bringing this measure before the House
today.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the rule and the
underlying measure.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, I thank my dear friend, the gentleman from New York (Mr.
Reynolds), for yielding me the time.
Mr. Speaker, I am in support of this rule. This rule waives all
points of order against consideration of the conference report, H.R.
2559, the Agriculture Risk Protection Act of 1999.
This rule is necessary to allow the House to consider this conference
report and will provide critically needed funding for rural America.
In essence, Mr. Speaker, this conference agreement will allow
producers who participate in Federal crop insurance programs to buy
better coverage for less money.
However, the conference report spends the funds set aside in the
budget for crop insurance reform and for supplemental economic
assistance. While these funds are badly needed in our ailing farm
sector, the fact that for 3 years in a row the Congress has provided
supplemental payments to agriculture points to the simple fact that our
current farm policy is failing and needs a very thorough review.
Until there is such a review, Mr. Speaker, this conference agreement
will help make crop insurance more useful to farmers who need
protection from natural disasters and it will also provide a badly
needed supplement to short-term farm income.
Mr. Speaker, I have no further speakers, and I yield back the balance
of my time.
{time} 1015
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Washington (Mr. Nethercutt).
Mr. NETHERCUTT. I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time.
[[Page H3817]]
Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this rule and in support of
the underlying conference report not only because of what the rule
provides; I also want to make a comment about what the rule and the
underlying measure do not provide. What they do not provide, what the
underlying measure does not provide is the ability for this country and
the agriculture economy that it serves to have an opportunity to have
sanctions relief on food and medicine for five countries that we
currently embargo unilaterally considered in the bill.
I have been actively engaged with our leadership and members of all
committees of jurisdiction relative to the issue of lifting sanctions
on food and medicine to try to accommodate some solution and reach some
conclusion that would allow this marketing freedom to occur to our
farmers. Unfortunately, my own leadership said no at the last minute. I
am on the Committee on Appropriations and its Subcommittee on
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration and
Related Agencies.
At the subcommittee level, we were able to insert language by an
overwhelming vote that allowed sanctions on food and medicine to be
lifted to assist our farmers and for humanitarian reasons as well. We
went to the full committee a week or so ago and by a vote of 35-24
rejected a challenge to strip out this language that is going to help
our farmers.
Now here we have come to the Committee on Rules and I understand
later today there will be a rule on the agriculture appropriations
bill. The language that was fairly and squarely passed through the
appropriations process for literally the third year we have been
working on this, but last night it was set up to be stripped out of the
bill. So I am here to register my objection and my active participation
in defeating the agriculture appropriations rule, not this rule. I am
going to vote for this one and I am going to vote for the conference
report.
But in reality, the lifting of food and medicine sanctions should be
in this conference report. It is a vehicle that could have passed, but
it was thwarted by our leadership. I am going to object to the Rules
Committee action and hope my colleagues will vote against the rule on
agriculture appropriations which comes up later today.
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. Combest), the distinguished chairman of the Committee on
Agriculture.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this
time and for his comments and the comments of the gentleman from
Massachusetts.
I want to say that I strongly support this rule and urge its passage
and the accompanying conference report. I appreciate the Committee on
Rules meeting so late yesterday evening and into the night in order to
give us this opportunity today. This is a measure that we have been
working on for about a year and a half. It is something that in fact
needs as soon as possible to get into law so that the regulations can
be written, so that the provisions of this program can be implemented
for the coming crop year.
It is vitally important that American producers understand the
assistance package that is coming, and it is very critical that this
happen at this particular time. I want to again extend my appreciation
for all of those members on the Committee on Rules who made this
possible.
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Minnesota (Mr. Gutknecht).
Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me
this time. This really is the second great day in a row for American
farmers. Yesterday we passed PNTR, which will give us, our farmers
better access to markets in China. Today we have a conference committee
report that was signed by all 18 conferees. That does not happen very
often here in Washington. And so in 2 consecutive days, we are seeing a
tremendous display of bipartisanship on behalf of American farmers.
Crop insurance reform is a very important issue. For too long it has
been neglected by this Congress here in Washington, and so I am very
happy to rise in support not only of the rule but of the bill. This is
a great day for American agriculture. It follows on another great day
yesterday. Hopefully, we can get those commodity prices up where they
belong.
Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, I
yield back the balance of my time, and I move the previous question on
the resolution.
The previous question was ordered.
The resolution was agreed to.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 512, I call up
the conference report on the bill (H.R. 2559) to amend the Federal Crop
Insurance Act to strengthen the safety net for agricultural producers
by providing greater access to more affordable risk management tools
and improved protection from production and income loss, to improve the
efficiency and integrity of the Federal crop insurance program, and for
other purposes.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Pease). Pursuant to House Resolution
512, the conference report is considered as having been read.
(For conference report and statement, see proceedings of the House of
May 24, 2000, at page H3763).
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and
the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) each will control 30 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest).
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, I am extremely proud today to bring this conference
report to the floor. With this single piece of legislation, we have the
opportunity to strengthen farmers' ability to manage the risk the
future may bring and to provide them the financial assistance that they
badly need to cope with their immediate financial crisis.
H.R. 2559 began last year when the House provided the budget
resources to overhaul and reinvigorate our ailing agricultural risk
management system. The Committee on Agriculture then crafted, on a
truly bipartisan basis, the most significant improvements in the crop
insurance program in its history. The result last year was the House
passage of legislation that makes risk management more affordable and
more effective for more farmers. While the Senate was unable to pass a
similar bill until this year, passage of this conference report today
will ensure that producers will see the benefits of this major
initiative beginning with the next year's crop.
In addition to sustaining the drive to secure future farm financial
stability, this year's budget resolution also provides $7.1 billion in
emergency economic assistance to farmers facing their third straight
year of historically low prices. Recovering Asian markets and trade
openings like yesterday's passage of permanent normal trade relations
with China are optimistic signs for future prices.
But this year, farmers face a bleak situation. Providing temporary
economic assistance now will bring a measure of economic stability to
farm families as they struggle to regain markets and secure improved
prices. Altogether, the elements contained in this conference report
signal Congress' commitment to help America's farmers get through their
current price crisis and to provide a more stable foundation of risk
management for their future.
This has been a massive undertaking that would not have been possible
without a broad bipartisan effort. I want to thank the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. Stenholm), the ranking Democrat on the committee who set
aside partisan considerations to work for a year and a half to bring us
to today's vote. His effort typifies the spirit of all 51 members of
the House Committee on Agriculture to work tirelessly on behalf of
American farmers. Our committee also owes a debt of gratitude to the
whole House, who in two successive budget cycles recognized the need to
focus special attention on one sector of our booming economy that is
struggling. The work of the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Chambliss) and
his colleagues on the Committee on the Budget made available the
resources needed to bring this bill to the floor today.
Mr. Speaker, it is an honor to be a part of such a broad, sustained,
and bipartisan effort to provide economic assistance and lay a stronger
foundation
[[Page H3818]]
for the future of American farm families. I urge all of my colleagues
to support the conference report to H.R. 2559.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the conference report and to
congratulate my colleagues on the Committee on Agriculture. I
particularly want to thank the chairman for his work that he has put
into this bill and for the inclusion of the minority and of all the
members of the committee in the development of its provisions. The
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest), the gentleman from Illinois (Mr.
Ewing), the subcommittee chairman, and the gentleman from California
(Mr. Condit), the ranking Democrat on the subcommittee, are all to be
commended for their efforts. While I support the conference report and
encourage its adoption, I do have reservations about the manner in
which the budgeted funds are being spent.
Mr. Speaker, the conference report's crop insurance provisions
succeed in spending the funds that were allocated in fiscal year 2000
and 2001 budgets for risk management and income assistance. The bill's
supplemental provisions succeed in spending the $7.1 billion reserve
fund for agriculture as set forth in the fiscal year 2001 budget.
As someone who represents a rural agricultural area, I know how badly
these additional resources are needed. Throughout the process of
developing the crop insurance provisions of this bill, I have supported
the idea that our crop insurance program needs to be strengthened and
improved. While it was the will of our committee and of the House and
Senate conferees that these funds should be dedicated to improvements
in our current crop insurance program, the budget resolution made funds
available for the broader purposes of income assistance and for risk
management. In so doing, it provided a level of flexibility that would
permit nearly any kind of agricultural assistance. I feel that this
flexibility should have been used to meet a broader set of needs.
Likewise, Mr. Speaker, the reserve fund for agriculture in this
year's budget could have been used for any manner of assistance for
farm producers. Again, the conference report before us today ignores
that flexibility. By spending the $5.5 billion available for this year
entirely on additional AMTA payments, the bill fails to recognize other
unmet needs. For example, payments to producers under last year's
natural disaster assistance program were pro-rated because sufficient
funds were not appropriated to make them whole. I would have dedicated
some of the $5.5 billion to raising these payments, which would have
provided assistance to producers of all commodities who suffered from
disaster.
Without a doubt, the supplemental AMTA payments will provide
assistance to agricultural producers who are suffering from economic
disasters because of our failure to live up to our promises to provide
them with opportunities from the marketplace. The criteria for
receiving assistance are merely the possession of an AMTA contract,
however; and this allows producers to receive a payment without
demonstrating real need. I strongly believe that more fully funding the
disaster payments would have been a better method for directing these
funds to agriculture producers most in need. But my view was a minority
view.
Mr. Speaker, I also believe that these allotted funds could be better
utilized to establish an adequate safety net for producers. This year
marks the third year in a row that Congress has been called upon to
take extraordinary action to make up for the deficiencies of our
current farm program. It is getting expensive. The fact that for 3
years in a row we are compensating producers for low prices seems to me
to be a stark admission that our basic farm program is not working,
just as multiple years of yield disaster aid shows that crop insurance
is not working. Increases in the budget are a clear signal by our
colleagues that these problems, income reductions as well as yield
reductions, need to be addressed, and the crop insurance provisions of
this conference report today do move in that direction.
In addition, Mr. Speaker, I must express my reservations in regard to
the timing of this economic disaster assistance. As of right now, all
we know for certain is that commodity prices are low. We have no hard
numbers in regard to the extent to which we will need disaster
assistance this year. Current outlook suggests that drought in the
Midwest and the South will severely affect production. There is a
possibility that supply and price relations could result in a situation
where we have strengthened prices later this year.
I understand that these funds must be spent in a timely manner in
order to meet budget requirements. However, I would have been more
comfortable taking our time in order to fully assess the complete
picture later this year. I am concerned that we may not be allocating
the provision of economic loss versus crop loss in a manner that is
most responsible to the actual conditions facing producers this year.
Our Nation deserves a long-term reliable farm policy. Taxpayers and
agricultural producers alike should be able to know up front what kind
of assistance they can expect and what the rules will be for
distributing it. In terms of yield insurance, this bill makes some
progress. Higher subsidy rates, for example, will lead to higher levels
of participation in crop insurance, better indemnity performance for
the producers who participate and hopefully less need for Congress to
respond to weather disasters with emergency spending.
Absent from the bill, Mr. Speaker, is the other half of the picture.
In this and the previous 2 years, our programs have left producers
overexposed to price and weather disasters. The bill makes progress
towards addressing yield disaster, but what about future price
disasters? How much more will our government spend on ad hoc
supplemental AMTA payments before we realize that a more rational,
predictable policy needs to be in force?
Mr. Speaker, having pressed my reservations, I once again want to
commend the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and all the members of
the Committee on Agriculture and the conference committee for their
work on this bill. Going into this progress, we agreed that short-term
changes in crop insurance in this cycle would pave the way for a broad
look at the entire program in the years ahead. I look forward to
working with my colleagues in developing a crop insurance program that
works better and a farm revenue program that meets producer and
taxpayer needs.
Mr. Speaker, I strongly urge that my colleagues vote to adopt the
conference report before the House today.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
{time} 1030
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, one of the pleasures we have had in the past year and a
half personally from this Member's standpoint has been the opportunity
to work with and to have very open and frank discussions with not only
my colleague on the committee, but my friend and my neighbor, the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), my neighbor not only the
committee, but neighbor in Texas as well.
But there are a couple of points that I want to make, Mr. Speaker, in
regards to the comments of the gentleman from Texas. I agree with the
gentleman in the fact that we have problems in agriculture and problems
that the program has its deficiencies. It was that recognition after
the second year of the amount of money that was required in order to
keep agriculture afloat in this country that our committee embarked on
a series of hearings across this country to listen to farmers, to get
their input on what is good and what is bad about current farm policy.
We have just concluded in the past 2 weeks 10 of those hearings, and
I will say my friend and partner, the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm), accompanied me on all 10 of those. We were the only two
members on the committee able to attend them all. But it was for the
express purpose of going out and listening to farmers.
We heard a number of suggestions, but a couple of the things we did
hear, that I think resonated throughout, was the fact that it has been
the assistance that Congress has provided over the
[[Page H3819]]
last couple of years that helped tremendously, keeping farmers in
business. Another was the need for a dramatic reform in crop insurance.
I think today's activity and legislation addresses both of those in a
very significant way.
I think we need to have a better way to make this delivery, but I
will say that given the fact that this is paid in this fiscal year,
given the fact that it has to be deliverable in a timely fashion, there
have been a lot of discussions with people from the outside and others
about a need to make a change in the delivery process. I am very open
to looking at that change. There has been a lot of discussion about it.
It has not come forward. We will continue to look at it in any possible
way we can do the job better.
But I do not want those listening to this conversation to believe
that this is not something that is strongly supported by commodity
groups all across this country. There has been virtually unanimous
request for making the payments from commodity groups in the fashion
that is provided for in this legislation. It does ensure that farmers
do know exactly what it is they are going to get, they know exactly
when they are going to get it, and that helps them tremendously in
their financial obligations and considerations and concerns that they
have to deal with today.
I think that, given the fact that we are dealing in an area that has
tremendous concerns and problems, agriculture, that this is a very
healthy and a very positive response to those concerns.
Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr.
Barrett), the vice chairman of the committee.
Mr. BARRETT of Nebraska. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for
yielding me time.
Mr. Speaker, after 8 weeks of negotiations and countless hours of
discussions between the House and the Senate Agriculture Committees, I
am more than pleased to rise today in support of the conference report
on the Agriculture Risk Protection Act. The conference report on H.R.
2559 is really an excellent piece of legislation that accomplishes what
we set out to accomplish, that is, making crop insurance more
affordable and easier to use for all of our producers.
Under the leadership of the gentleman from Texas (Chairman Combest),
and, yes, the ranking member, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm),
the House Committee on Agriculture listened to producers' suggestions,
complaints and stories of fraud. We then developed and passed the bill,
with the help of the Committee on the Budget, to address those concerns
and greatly improve the program.
I am pleased that the conference report will increase premium
subsidies for producers, address actual production history
discrepancies, fund research and development for new insurance policies
and products, and make certain that the program is not fraudulently
used or abused. Producers have asked for many of these changes for many
years, and I believe we have something that they will want to use and
that is in fact helpful to them.
Also the conference report includes a much-needed economic assistance
package for agriculture. As has been mentioned, while the economy as a
whole has been booming, American producers have faced low prices for
nearly 3 long years. With this conference report, we are responding
with concrete policies and necessary financial assistance. Congress'
willingness to provide assistance again this year demonstrates our
commitment to farmers, ranchers and to rural America.
Even though many of my colleagues may not have farms or ranches in
their districts, agriculture is vital to every American and every
congressional district. So thank the farmer, when you can. They feed us
all.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this conference report.
Combined with the economic assistance package, it will provide the help
producers need to meet the challenges of today's poor agriculture
economy.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Arkansas (Mr. Berry).
Mr. BERRY. Mr. Speaker, I want to, first of all, thank the
distinguished chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, the gentleman
from Texas (Mr. Combest), and the distinguished ranking member, the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), for the great work they have done
and the leadership they have provided for all of American agriculture.
Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the Agriculture Risk
Protection Act and in support of the emergency assistance contained in
this bill. Food and fiber production in this country is a national
security interest, second only to national defense. Every citizen of
this country benefits from the safest, most affordable and most
abundant food supply in the history of the world.
Americans spend less of their income on food than almost any other
country in the world. This is a direct result of the productivity of
American agriculture. When agriculture is suffering through difficult
times, such as the times of low commodity prices that we face now, it
is essential that Congress and the President act to preserve
agriculture productivity. Farmers need emergency assistance right now
to stay in business.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote in favor of this bill, so
that American agriculture is able to continue to fuel the economic
development of this country by providing a reliable, reasonably priced
food supply.
This bill also makes the Federal Crop Insurance Program a better risk
management tool for America's farmers. Farmers will pay less for crop
insurance at every level of coverage as a result of this bill. By
offering increased premium subsidies, this bill encourages farmers to
purchase crop insurance and protect themselves against low yields and
weather disasters.
This bill also goes a long way towards reducing fraud and abuse in
the crop insurance system. For years this has been a problem that has
plagued the system by those who attempt to fraudulently gain payment
through crop insurance. This bill provides stiffer penalties to attempt
to root out this abuse. I have always believed that crop insurance was
not a viable tool because it was ridden by this fraud and abuse, but
this bill greatly helps this problem.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote yes on this bill.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Michigan (Mr. Smith).
(Mr. SMITH of Michigan asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, American farmers and ranchers are
at risk. Let me briefly try to explain what I see as the problem and
how this legislation partially provides a solution to part of that
problem. We are at record low commodity prices, some lower than they
have been for 30 years. The world is overproducing some of these
commodities and prices are way down.
Part of the problem for the survival of our agricultural industry in
this country is going to be how much other countries subsidize their
farmers. Right now we are in a situation where Europe, for example,
subsidizes their farmers five times as much as we subsidize our
farmers, and much of that encouraged production goes into what
otherwise might be our markets. So the American consumer, America, this
Congress, is faced with some decisions of are we going to do what is
necessary to keep a viable, strong agricultural industry in America.
This legislation encourages farmers to take out more insurance,
insurance that covers not only yields, helps to ensure against low-
yield disasters, but also helps to ensure against the prices they might
receive for that particular commodity. We do that by increasing
subsidies for some of these farmers so that in the beginning, as we
start experimenting in this new crop revenue insurance endeavor, we are
better able to encourage more farmers to move into that arena.
This kind of legislation, I think, is very important as part of our
effort to start remodeling, refashioning where we go in future
agricultural policy.
Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman and the ranking member for their
leadership.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Colorado (Mr. Udall), a sponsor of the biomass legislation in the
House, H.R. 2819, and who also contributed to the biomass provisions
that are contained
[[Page H3820]]
in this conference report. I want to thank the gentleman for his hard
work on this issue.
(Mr. UDALL of Colorado asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, let me just begin by thanking the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm) for their work on this important measure. I want to remember
my friend Lou Entz from Colorado, who suggested in the spirit of this
legislation that if you eat, you are involved in agriculture, and those
of us that live in suburban districts need to remember that.
But let me talk about title IV, the Biomass Research and Development
Act. Last year the gentleman from New York (Mr. Boehlert) and the
gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Minge) joined me in introducing the House
version of this legislation. We were joined shortly thereafter by the
gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Ewing), who introduced his own version of
the legislation.
The two bills had much in common. Both recognized the increased
contribution that biobased industrial products can make to our economy,
if and only if appropriate research was put into place. Both realized
the increased need for cooperation among the Departments of Energy and
Agriculture and the private sector in conducting the research and
ensuring it leads to new product and new jobs. Both recognized the
importance of the conversion of cellulosic biomass, which consists of
any plant or plant product.
Cellulosic conversion is particularly important to the State of
Colorado because of the potential threat of wildfires. We have seen the
effect of wildfires over the recent weeks in New Mexico, and there is
much more we could do to make these materials available through
commercial markets.
In Colorado, the Colorado Forest Service, the U.S. Department of
Agriculture's Forest Service Laboratory, and the National Renewable
Energy Lab began to study the possibility of developing ethanol or
other bioproducts economically from this wood fiber.
I am especially pleased to see that the version of the legislation
before us incorporates important concepts from the Udall-Boehlert-Minge
bill. Peer-reviewed research, sensitivity to the effects of increased
bioproduction on the environment, and an emphasis on the economics of
bioenergy and biobased industrial projects are all featured prominently
in the legislation.
The definition of biomass is limited to organic matter that is
available on a renewing or recurring basis, and therefore would not
include old growth forests or other environmentally sensitive
ecosystems.
Mr. Speaker, I urge passage of this important bill.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Oklahoma (Mr. Lucas), a member of the committee who has been very
involved in this entire process.
Mr. LUCAS of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the
chairman and ranking member for all their work and all their efforts on
this legislation. It includes three initiatives that will greatly
benefit Oklahoma producers. We reform the crop insurance system, we
double the AMTA payments, and we include LDP graze-out language. This
legislation is a big win for Oklahoma producers.
I would especially like to thank the gentleman from Texas (Chairman
Combest) for his help in including the LDP graze-out language, which I
introduced last August. This legislation is the single most important
issue for Oklahoma producers.
Currently, producers are eligible for a loan deficiency payment if
their wheat crop is hayed, put into silage, or cut for grain. However,
if a producer chooses to graze out his wheat crop, he does not qualify
for the LDP payment and is left at an extreme disadvantage. Oklahoma
producers have been calling for Congress to correct this inequity for
some time. H.R. 2559 includes language that will allow producers to
collect a payment equivalent to LDP if they opt to graze out instead of
putting their wheat into hay or through the combine.
I encourage all my colleagues to support this very important
legislation. This legislation provides more flexibility and options for
our producers.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from
North Carolina (Mrs. Clayton).
(Mrs. CLAYTON asked and was given permission to revise and extend her
remarks.)
Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, I also want to congratulate and compliment
the chairman and the ranking member for their cooperation in working on
this legislation, but also I want to congratulate all the conferees who
were involved in this, because this has been an issue that our farmers
nationwide have suffered through, in not having a way of managing risk.
We are gathering some information right now from North Carolina to
compliment what I am saying because I know in North Carolina the
current structure did not allow for this risk management that we have
now to speak to the needs.
{time} 1045
We went through endless floods in North Carolina, so our farmers
indeed not only suffered the risks of droughts they had years before,
but they also had to manage losing their crops, and many of them lost
their crops and found no way of having any compensation.
This bill is not perfect, but it is certainly moving in the right
direction; it includes a broad base of opportunity for a larger number
of people; it takes out some of the inequities that are in the current
law; and it also is a welcome opportunity for the farm service people
who are administering this program, because they find they are able now
to respond more appropriately to the farmers.
Again, I want to congratulate all of the people who were involved in
making sure that this came to the floor in a timely manner, and I hope
that it will become law very soon so that our farmers can indeed
benefit from this.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Florida (Mr. Canady).
Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to rise today
in support of the conference report on this important legislation. I
particularly want to focus attention on a provision in this conference
committee report in title 4, which encompasses legislation I previously
introduced known as the Plant Protection Act.
This legislation is designed to address a very real problem facing
American agriculture. The United States loses thousands of acres and
billions of dollars in farm production each year due to invasive
species. Exacerbating this serious problem are the outdated and
fragmented quarantine statutes that govern interdiction of prohibited
plants and plant pests. Our agricultural sector needs a modern,
effective statutory authority that will protect our crops from these
destructive invasive species.
It was for this reason that I introduced the Plant Protection Act.
This legislation, crafted in consultation with the USDA, will help to
prevent the introduction and dissemination of invasive plants and pests
by giving the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service greatly
enhanced investigatory and enforcement tools. The Plant Protection Act
will streamline and consolidate existing statutes into one
comprehensive law and eliminate outdated and ambiguous provisions. It
will also boost deterrents against trafficking of prohibited species by
increasing monetary penalties for smuggling, and it will provide USDA
with a comprehensive set of investigatory tools and ensure transparency
for our trading partners.
Mr. Speaker, I believe that this provision of the conference
committee report is an important step forward in protecting American
agriculture, and I thank the chairman for his support for this.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I have no additional speakers on the floor
at this time, and I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Georgia (Mr. Chambliss), the vice chairman of the Committee on the
Budget.
Mr. CHAMBLISS. Mr. Speaker I thank the gentleman for yielding me this
time.
In 1996, we crafted a new farm bill wherein we told the American
farmer
[[Page H3821]]
that the Federal Government is going to change the way that we
participate in farming operations. At the same time we did that, we
said we are going to do some other things. We are going to provide the
farmer with tax relief. We are going to provide the farmer with
regulatory relief. We are going to provide the farmer with crop
insurance reform, and we are going to provide the farmer with better
trade agreements so that farmers can, in fact, sell their products for
a decent return on the open market.
Well, unfortunately, it has taken us a while to get there, but
yesterday, with the vote that we had on the China trade agreement, we
are now opening markets in China to the American farmer and it will be
a tremendous benefit for farmers all across America.
Today, we are taking another giant step in the right direction. The
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) is right in a couple of areas when
he says we are not doing everything from a legislative standpoint to
make farming easier and make farming more prosperous, because we cannot
do that, but these are steps in the right direction.
What we are doing today with crop insurance reform is really
significant, and every American farmer knows and understands that. This
has been a team effort. It has been a team effort between leadership
and the Committee on Budget as well as the Committee on Agriculture,
and our two captains, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) have done a great job of leading
the team down the field. I commend them for the work they have done on
this with respect to crop insurance reform.
The other part of this bill in providing up-front money to our
farmers for this year is extremely important also, because we know that
2000 is going to be a tough year for farmers all across America. I do
not know how much money it is going to take to make sure that they can
survive this year, but this is going to be another meaningful step in
the right direction, because it is going to be money in the hands of
the producer. That is critically important. It is critically important
now, as we are facing droughts, as we are facing lowest commodity
prices that we have ever seen.
So again, this bill provides a double hit for the American farmer
with respect to crop insurance reform, as well as with respect to money
in the hands of producers to help improve the year 2000. I commend the
chairman and the ranking member for their great leadership.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
California (Mr. Condit), the ranking member of the Subcommittee on Risk
Management, Research and Specialty Crops, that did yeoman's work on the
crop insurance portions of this.
Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, I would like, if I may, to engage the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest), the chairman of the committee, in a
colloquy if he would agree to do that.
Before I do that, I would first like to thank the chairman for the
hard work he has put in in bringing this conference report to the
floor. He kept us focused and kept us at the table, and I appreciate
that. I also would like to congratulate and commend the gentleman from
Texas (Mr. Stenholm) for his hard work and the time that he put in
keeping us focused and at the table, as well as staff on both sides of
the aisle. They are to be commended for their time and effort in this
area.
Mr. Speaker, I know that the chairman is aware of the illegal
activities undertaken by the Department of Agriculture employees at
Hunts Point Terminal. These illegal activities have resulted in grave
economic losses for produce growers throughout the country. I look
forward to working with the chairman to determine the exact scope of
the illegal activities so that we may adequately reimburse produce
growers for their losses.
It is my hope that the committee can fully examine this matter as
soon as possible, and I would encourage the chairman and wait for his
response to indicate that he would be willing to take a look at this.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CONDIT. I yield to the gentleman from Texas.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the gentleman's comments. Not
only is the chair aware but extremely concerned about what did go on in
the grading program. While I regret that we were unable to include
funding in this particular package for the economic damage that these
growers incurred, I agree that both the House and the Senate committees
should immediately consider ways that we can help these growers recover
their economic loss. It is a travesty that this loss occurred as a
result of illegal action by Federal employees. I assure the gentleman I
will work with him in every way I possibly can.
Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, how much time do I have remaining?
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Pease). The gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Combest) has 15\1/2\ minutes remaining, and the gentleman from Texas
(Mr. Stenholm) has 16 minutes remaining.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
South Dakota (Mr. Thune), a very important and active member of the
committee.
Mr. THUNE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this
time.
Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest)
and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) for their leadership in
bringing this to the floor.
Let me make a couple of observations, if I might, about this
legislation. First of all, crop insurance should be the risk management
tool that is used by our producers. Unfortunately, it has not been
because it has not worked. Producers have expressed a lot of
frustration about the crop insurance program and have asked for
changes. In response to that, last year I introduced, along with the
gentleman from North Dakota (Mr. Pomeroy), legislation to do just that.
Many of the changes that are incorporated in the product that we will
vote on today are consistent with those proposals, one of which deals
with the premium schedule in providing more incentives for producers to
buy up the higher level of coverage, and this legislation addresses
that important point.
The second point that was a real concern to producers in South Dakota
and other places in the Midwest was the computation of the actual
production history. This legislation also makes important changes in
that area that will make it more usable for producers.
So, Mr. Speaker, I would say that this is important legislation. The
reforms that are included in here will be very helpful to our
producers. It will give them what they need in terms of having a risk
management tool in place that will allow them to ride out the storms
that are often the case in agriculture across this country.
The other thing I would say, Mr. Speaker, is that the disaster
legislation includes a provision which is very important to me and
which I have been fighting for. And I appreciate the conferees and the
chairman for including a piece in this disaster legislation on value-
added agriculture, because I do believe that our producers need to be
reaching up the marketing chain capturing more of that value by
processing our raw commodities at the point of production. We need to
encourage that in this country.
So this legislation, I think for the first time, lays down a marker
and provides incentives for our producers to become more involved in
value-added operations; and, furthermore, I think will help strengthen
our rural economies by helping to create additional jobs and
opportunity in rural America.
So, Mr. Speaker, I would simply say that this is a good piece of
legislation. I appreciate the leadership by our chairman and ranking
member, and I urge my colleagues to support it.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Minnesota (Mr. Peterson).
Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for
yielding me this time.
I rise today in support of this, and I appreciate the work of
everybody that was involved. I want to especially thank the chairman
and ranking member for all of their leadership in bringing this
important piece of legislation to my district to the floor.
This crop insurance reform has been something we have been working
toward for a long time, and it is going to
[[Page H3822]]
make some significant improvements. It is not as good as our people
would like, but it is going to move us a long way in the right
direction. We are going to be able to get at some of the problems that
my producers have had where we have had losses 6 years out of the last
7; and the current system just, frankly, is too expensive and they
cannot get enough coverage.
I particularly appreciate the conference committee yesterday
including a provision that I have been concerned about that affects a
lot of producers around the country where if one has a change in one's
identification number, just because maybe one of two brothers were
farming together and one of them happened to get out of the business
and the one remaining changed that identification number, the remaining
farmer is precluded from receiving disaster payments. In the conference
report yesterday we adopted an amendment that I proposed that will
allow those people access to the disaster program that they were
denied.
Another provision that is in the bill that is going to be helpful to
us allows the people that have had problems with scab disease up in our
part of the world are going to be able to improve the APH so that they
can get more coverage and be able to better and more adequately insure
the risk to their crops. We are very appreciative that that language is
in the bill as well.
This bill, as I said, does not go as far as I would like, but it is
going to significantly improve the situation. I hope that we can
continue to work on crop insurance to try to get a workable revenue
coverage so that we can get farmers to be able to cover all of their
crops.
Lastly, Mr. Speaker, I would like to comment on the assistance part
of this. Yesterday in the conference committee, we tried to change a
little bit of the assistance package. We are very appreciative that the
assistance is in here. But if we were to use the 2000 payment levels,
we would have had an additional $366 million that we tried to use to
buy up last year's disasters where people were limited to 69 percent of
the disaster that they actually had occur and bring that level up to 85
percent which is what we did in 1998.
Unfortunately, that was not accepted, and I think this would have
been a much better bill. Had we made that change, we would have put
more of this money out to people that really needed it that have had
multiple-year disasters and are having a very tough time such as up in
my part of the world, in the Northeast and Southeast and so forth.
Mr. Speaker, on the whole, this is a very good piece of legislation
and I want to commend the chairman and ranking member and everybody
else for their work; and I encourage the adoption of this conference
report.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Michigan (Mr. Camp), a former member of the Committee on Agriculture
and a gentleman who still has an extreme interest and is a tremendous
amount of assistance on agricultural matters.
(Mr. CAMP asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. CAMP. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this conference
report. This legislation will provide needed protection for our farmers
who have struggled with low commodity prices and weather-related
disasters. I want to thank the chairman for his continued work to help
our family farmers.
There is another part of this legislation that is very important to
the farmers in my district and throughout the State of Michigan. This
legislation will provide $6 million in emergency funds to combat bovine
tuberculosis.
{time} 1100
Bovine tuberculosis has historically been a very rare disease in wild
deer. However, extensive testing in Michigan found the disease had
spread throughout the deer population, and these deer have passed on
the disease to our cattle herds.
There is no vaccine for bovine TB, and cattle infected with TB are
destroyed. In addition to the fear of losing their herds, Michigan
farmers are now facing the news that USDA has taken steps to remove
Michigan's bovine TB-free status. The loss of that status is expected
to cost farmers $156 million over the next few years, and that is a
conservative estimate.
The State of Michigan, USDA, and Michigan State University have
worked hard to address this escalating problem. These emergency funds
being appropriated today will assist in providing the tools necessary
to continue fighting this disease and provide relief to Michigan
farmers.
Again, I want to thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest). I
would like to thank the entire Michigan delegation for their work on
this issue, and I would especially like to recognize the efforts of the
gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Stupak) from the first district of
Michigan. The first outbreaks of this disease began in the first and
fourth districts, the districts he and I represent; and since that time
his commitment to this issue has been unwavering and a great help.
Again, I urge my colleagues to support final passage.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
North Carolina (Mr. Etheridge).
Mr. ETHERIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm) for yielding me this time.
Mr. Speaker, I rise today to voice my support for this conference
report and express my gratitude to those who have included in this the
$7.1 billion economic relief package for farmers. I do not need to tell
anyone here how sorely this assistance is needed. For decades, North
Carolina has been one of the most prosperous and productive
agricultural States in our country, but then came the Asian economic
crisis that sent commodity prices crashing down, followed by Hurricane
Dennis, then Hurricane Floyd. Then came the floods which paralyzed
eastern North Carolina. Then came Hurricane Irene. Then came steep cuts
in tobacco programs.
Now what do we have to look forward to during this summer? The
forecasters say that it will be another severe drought and another
active hurricane season. Our farmers have been through a lot, and this
emergency funding could not come any too soon.
Farming is more than a way of making a living. It is a way of life.
It is our responsibility to take these actions that will protect the
heritage and character of rural America and preserve our farming
communities.
I want to thank the bill managers, the chairman from Texas (Mr.
Combest) and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), the ranking
member, for their leadership in helping to craft and guide this
assistance package. The Committee on Agriculture has a long history of
bipartisan cooperation, and I am proud to be a part of that honorable
tradition.
I believe the underlying crop insurance bill will reduce fraud and
abuse and expand the insurance coverage and make premiums more
affordable to our farmers. However, it will not solve all the problems
facing the agricultural community.
Crop insurance reform and emergency funding is only a bridge leading
us to the real issue, and that is fundamental reform of the 1996
Freedom to Farm Act which expires in 2002.
As Congress continues the debate on Federal farm policy, I remain
hopeful that Congress can produce legislation that will strengthen our
Nation's safety net for our farmers so emergency aid packages will no
longer be necessary except in the most dire of circumstances. I look
forward to that debate.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Kansas (Mr. Moran), a very active and significant member of this
committee.
Mr. MORAN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas
(Mr. Combest) for yielding me this time.
Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and the
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) for their leadership. The longer I
serve on the Committee on Agriculture, the greater respect I have for
the leadership that is provided.
I particularly appreciate the hearings that have been held across the
country and the willingness to listen to everyday producers, farmers,
and ranchers across our Nation, including the hearing we held at the
Kansas State Fair in September of 1999.
The provisions included in the crop insurance reform aspect of this
conference report alone would be something that we could come to the
House
[[Page H3823]]
floor very proud of today, and they do move us in the right direction.
Crop insurance has needed reform for a long time, and this committee on
the House side has worked long and hard to make that happen.
In addition to that, and I hope it does not get overshadowed, in
addition to that this conference report will provide disaster
assistance for farmers desperately in need of that assistance.
With the failure for us to reach agreements in WTO and reducing
subsidies by the European communities and others, with the failure of
our ability to reduce taxes and reduce rules and regulations that
affect farmers in their everyday lives and their pocketbooks, and with
continued low commodity prices, on top of increasing costs for fuel and
the Federal Reserve continually raising the interest rate, there is no
question but what we would lose another generation of farmers without
the assistance provided in this package.
I am particularly delighted that it comes to us early in this
session. I thank the Committee on the Budget, and I thank the Committee
on Agriculture and the leadership of the House for making certain that
our farmers and their bankers know early in this year whether or not
there is going to be assistance that is provided to them.
So this is a good day. Crop insurances, disaster assistance and the
many provisions contained in this legislation will make a difference in
the everyday lives of farmers and ranchers across the country; and we
will keep, in place, this generation of farmers now and for the future.
I look forward to working with this committee because our farmers
want something more than disaster assistance. That is not what they
really want. They want a price for their commodity.
We have a long way to go to help insure that that opportunity is
there. This is a step in the right direction, and we have our work cut
out for us. I look forward to working with the gentleman from Texas
(Mr. Combest) today, tomorrow, and every year. I thank the gentleman
for this conference report.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Georgia (Mr. Bishop).
Mr. BISHOP. Mr. Speaker, I would say to the chairman, the ranking
member, the conference committee, I cannot express enough gratitude to
them for finally completing the work in bringing this very, very
important piece of legislation to the floor for the consideration of
the full House.
We need a risk protection tool to repair the safety net that our
farmers have had torn away from them. We have been working on this bill
for some time, and I am just delighted that finally we are able to get
to the point where we can go home and tell our farmers that we have
accomplished our work.
This will repair that safety net. It will reward good farming
experience, much as we reward good drivers for driving safely. It is
more affordable. There will be more coverage, and it will pay for the
cost of production losses when there is a disaster.
The most important thing that I like, and what our farmers in Georgia
like, is the APH, the adjusted production history, which is a part of
this bill; and we are very, very, very pleased with that.
We are pleased with the short-term relief that is being given in the
emergency payments for the oil seed producers, the cotton seed
producers, and for the disaster assistance for our peanut farmers.
I think we have done a very good job here, and I want to commend,
again, the chairman, the ranking member, and the conference committee
for a job well done; and I am so glad that we are finally able to get
it accomplished.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
California (Mr. Calvert), another very active member of our committee.
Mr. CALVERT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of this
conference report, the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000. This
legislation goes a long way to assisting our farmers. I want to thank
both the chairman and the ranking member, the gentlemen from the great
State of Texas, for moving this conference report forward. I am
especially pleased that $25 million was included to compensate growers
for losses resulting from Pierce's Disease, plum pox, and citrus
canker. My district has been hit hard by Pierce's Disease, which is
transmitted by the glassy-winged sharpshooter. The disease attacks
grapevines and is spreading at a rapid rate through Southern
California, the gateway of one of the premier wine regions in
California, as well as threatening the wine regions in the northern
part of the State.
It is estimated that 25 percent of the 3,000 acres of vineyards in
Temecula have been destroyed to Pierce's Disease. Pests are not new to
California and to this country. It is estimated in California alone we
will lose about $3 billion in losses just because of pests. Pests are
introduced in California, new pests, every 60 days. This assistance
will help our growers to fight these pests and to struggle through a
tough period.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from North Dakota (Mr. Pomeroy).
Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm) for yielding me this time.
Mr. Speaker, I want to begin by commending the gentleman from Texas
(Chairman Combest) and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), the
ranking member, for this legislation and the inclusive process they
initiated that brought this legislation about.
This is my fourth term as a Member of this Congress. In my view, the
crop insurance piece of this package before us reflects the very finest
dimensions of bipartisan corporation on difficult problems that I have
ever experienced as a Member of this body. It really took extraordinary
leadership from the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest) and I appreciate
it very much.
Bottom line, this legislation brings farmers higher levels of
coverage of premiums they can afford. Farmers risk an awful lot of
capital every year, and they need to protect that risk with crop
insurance that gets the job done. This higher coverage at affordable
premiums will take a big part of that.
Additionally, when farmers lose several years in a row because of
weather cycles beyond their circumstance, they require the ability to
continue to have adequate coverage. We fix the APH flaw in the existing
program with this legislation, and it will mean much better protection
going forward for farmers in that regard.
Finally, as has been alluded to by previous speakers, the disaster
response contained in this legislation responding to the continued low-
price environment our farmers face is also extremely important.
Imagine, when it costs more to grow the crop than one can get paid for
at the elevator after harvest time. Nobody can stay in business very
long under those circumstances.
We need to build over the long haul countercyclical price protection
in the farm program so that we do not have to go through this exercise
of appropriating every year disaster assistance; but in the meantime
this help is desperately needed, very meaningful.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois (Mr. Ewing), the chairman of the subcommittee where this
process all started back a year and a half ago.
Mr. EWING. Mr. Speaker, my thanks to the gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Combest) and to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) for all the
work and effort they have put in in coming up with a bill which really
has a lot in it for American agriculture.
This is truly a remarkable week for agriculture. With the passage of
permanent normal trade relations with China yesterday, today the
passage of this bill, which has more in it than just crop insurance
reform, and then possibly on to the appropriations process for
agriculture, this truly is a remarkable week.
I want to comment just briefly on the bill and its underlying basic
part, that dealing with crop insurance, because this is what we
promised our farmers when we passed Freedom to Farm, one of the
important things.
We would give them a safety net, and I believe that the provisions of
the crop insurance bill, as amended in this bill, provide truly a
magnificent improvement to that safety net.
We are going to allow our farmers to insure at higher levels. We are
going to guarantee they can insure what they
[[Page H3824]]
grow or what they should be able to grow on their land, and we are
going to do it at a cost that is significantly reduced.
Also in this bill, though, is a very important thing and other
speakers have talked about how we are going to let our farmers know
that they are going to have some help in these bad times, again in
2000. The lost market payments that are in this bill are very important
to agriculture across the country and certainly in Illinois.
Finally, in this bill is a provision that was part of the bill that I
introduced. We called it the biomass bill. Senator Lugar introduced it
in the other body and it has been incorporated into this bill, and it
is going to provide research to find uses for what we grow in America,
alternate products. This bill contains a lot of good parts and I
certainly encourage everyone to vote for it.
The Conference Report to the Agricultural Risk Protection Act is of
immense importance for America's agricultural producers. The $8.2
billion provided in the bill for crop insurance over the next 5 years
will lead to increased program participation and help to decrease the
need for ad hoc disaster bills.
This legislation will increase by 30 percent the amount of government
assistance in purchasing crop insurance. Many producers have wanted to
purchase higher levels of coverage, but because of the high costs of
premiums they have been unable to afford the high costs of premiums.
The bill will allow producers to buy levels of crop insurance that
actually protect them from the unpredictable forces of mother nature.
The conference agreement also ensures that farmers' actual production
history will be adjusted so that APH won't drop by more than 60 percent
of the transitional yield in any particular year.
Further improvements will allow livestock producers to develop pilot
insurance programs for the first time. This will be extremely important
to those producers since livestock revenue accounts for nearly half of
this nation's producer revenue.
One of the issues we heard over and over during Subcommittee and full
Committee hearings throughout the country was that producers wanted
cost of production policies. This bill provides the ability for the
development of cost of production policies.
Additionally, the Conference Report makes revenue insurance such as
CRC, which is important to producers in Illinois and many other areas
of the country more affordable, thereby giving them the ability to
protect their projected revenue flow.
Everyone involved in the federal crop insurance has stressed the
importance of preventing fraud and abuse. The Agricultural Risk
Protection Act deals with concerns voiced over program integrity.
The Risk Management Agency and the Farm Service Agency will be
required to work together to ensure that records for crop insurance and
other programs are accurate.
The Secretary of Agriculture is required to submit an annual report
that identifies specific instances of fraud, waste, and abuse and
outlines the steps taken to correct these problems.
The Secretary will have the power to use a broad range of sanctions
against producers, agents, loss adjusters, and insurance providers who
are committing fraud or abuse.
The conference agreement reflects the intention of the Committee to
make the program more efficient and accountable in both its
administration and development of new policies.
Rather than having the government develop all new insurance policies,
this legislation gives producers and their representative organizations
the ability to work with companies, agents, and universities to
development crop insurance policies that they believe are more
attractive and workable. These groups will be reimbursed for their
costs if the end product is approved by the Federal Crop Insurance
Corporation's broad and then offered to producers by an approved crop
insurance provider.
Many specialty crops have indicated their desire to have policies
that are better suited to their particular needs and this provision
will help to accommodate their wishes.
For those underserved crops with limited resources, the FCIC may
contract with private groups to help develop new policies.
These provisions are designed to provide that producers will be able
to have policies that help them address their business risks.
The Conference Report to the Agricultural Risk Protection Act also
contains a number of provisions that reach beyond crop insurance. I
will briefly outline these provisions that are of considerable
importance to my producers in Illinois.
Contained in the agreement is $7.1 billion in economic assistance to
the agricultural sector. Nearly $5.5 billion dollars in Agricultural
Market Transition Act (AMTA) payments will help our family farmers
remain financially solvent as they weather through current low
commodity prices in our agricultural economy. Many of my farming
constituents have told me that without these market loss payments they
have received in the past two years, their family farms would have been
extremely difficult to hold onto.
This legislation also provides for a $500 million oilseed payment
which will benefit farmers in my district as they continue to deal with
soybean prices that are hovering at a nearly thirty year low.
The bill invests funds into the research of technology for reducing,
modifying, recycling, and utilizing waste streams from livestock
production and eliminating associated air, water, and soil quality
problems. This research is vital as our suburbs expand into our rural
areas, and the concerns of odor and sanitation issues take on a new
importance.
The Conference Report contains legislative language comparable to a
bill I introduced last year, H.R. 2827, the National Sustainable Fuels
and Chemicals Act of 1999. Much of the language is similar and all of
the goals are identical. The Biomass Research and Development Act of
2000 is a bicameral, bipartisan effort to authorize research into the
transformation of biomass into biobased industrial products.
Biomass is any organic matter that is available on a renewable or
recurring basis, including agricultural crops and trees, wood and wood
wastes and residues (including material removed from so-called old
growth forests), plants, grasses, residues, fibers, animal wastes,
municipal wastes, and other waste materials. By investing in research
of biomass, we may be creating an additional market for farmers'
products in the long term. Research created by this legislation will
help to add in the expedited development of alternative fuels that are
environmentally friendly.
The conference agreement both authorizes and appropriates funds to
complete the construction of a corn-based ethanol pilot plant in
Edwardsville, Illinois, at Southern Illinois University. This pilot
plant will be beneficial to the ethanol industry and corn producers.
I urge my colleagues to support the Agricultural Risk Protection Act
to help producers help themselves to better risk management strategies.
The Conference Report to the Agricultural Risk Protection Act is of
vital importance to all of agriculture.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Maine (Mr. Baldacci).
Mr. BALDACCI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the ranking member
and the staff for all of their hard work, and also the chairman of the
subcommittee and the full committee for being able to work together in
regards to these reforms. They have been a long time coming. The
Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000 has a lot to commend it, but
more can and should be done in the future.
We are seeing the failure of our current farm policy. The legislation
that we have before us does not go far enough in providing risk
management reforms to strengthen that safety net, but I would like to
thank all those involved in working together to try to help raise the
farmers' income, primarily with specialty crops.
The bill contains improvements to the noninsured disaster assistance
program. It provides solid investment in research and development for
new policies while benefiting specialty crops in underserved States.
Those are reforms that my farmers can appreciate.
I am disappointed that we did not change the formula for the AMTA
payments, and I would have rather seen a portion of that money being
spent on the disaster programs that have occurred and particularly with
apples and with potatoes.
Our farmers should not have to live with payments amounting to just
65 percent of their disaster losses.
Helping farmers add value to their crops is one sure way to stabilize
the economies of rural America.
{time} 1115
I would like to thank the conferees. I have submitted legislation and
amendments dealing with value added, and the component of $15 million
will go a long way in helping producers to be able to add values, both
to their harvest and markets, and to help them to find those markets
all with forest products, with potatoes, with blueberries, and
cranberries.
The enactment of this section will go a long way to making sure that
farmer cooperatives are going to be able to have value added and be
able to have access to those markets. I think they are vitally
important.
[[Page H3825]]
I want to thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest), chairman, and
the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), ranking member, and the staff
itself for working together on this; and I seek to work with them also
as we advance into agriculture appropriations.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I am happy to yield 2 minutes to the
gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hayes), a very valued member of our
committee.
Mr. HAYES. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Chairman
Combest) for his tireless and enthusiastic effort for our farmers from
Lubbock, Texas and the gentleman from Ericksdahl, Texas (Mr. Stenholm),
the ranking member.
Mr. Speaker, today I rise in enthusiastic support of the first
comprehensive crop insurance reform since 1994 as well as much needed
economic assistance to our farmers, and it could not have come at a
better time.
Our Nation's farmers and ranchers are suffering from over 3 years of
record-low commodity prices, drought, and many other natural disasters
leading to financial stress. In North Carolina, USDA estimates an 18
percent drop in farm income this year for 1999 levels. In addition, our
producers will continue to be greatly affected by increasing interest
rates that make farm loans more and more expensive. I am happy to see
that we have addressed these problems with disaster assistance also
included in this bill.
The $7.1 billion slated to be paid to producers will help to offset
the financial difficulties they are going through. The reforms made to
crop insurance will also aid our farmers.
More than 2 years ago, the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Ewing) joined
me in Laurinburg in the North Carolina eighth district to work on this
issue of crop insurance, and here we are today. It is a great day for
farm community. The chairman and ranking member and all the staff
worked so hard for years to produce this very, very effective bill.
The bill increases premium subsidies in such a way to provide
producers the incentive to buy higher levels of coverage and improve
participation in the program.
In addition, the bill provides incentives through the development of
new and innovative insurance products so that we continue to provide
our producers with the best tools possible. Fraud, waste, and abuse
also addressed in the bill go a long way towards restoring integrity to
the program.
Mr. Speaker, again, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest),
chairman, and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), ranking member,
and all involved for a wonderful bill. I encourage my colleagues'
support.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Michigan (Mr. Stupak).
Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to thank the conferees for
bringing forth this bill and the $6 million included in this bill for
Michigan to fight bovine tuberculosis.
These funds are an important first step in combating an outbreak of
bovine tuberculosis in Michigan. Bovine TB is spreading in Michigan's
Lower Peninsula and threatening our beef and dairy cattle.
USDA has announced that Michigan will lose its bovine TB-free status
effective June 1. This decision will have dire economic consequences.
It will require the testing of all 1.25 million Michigan beef and
dairy cattle. It will place greater restrictions on their travel into
other States. It is estimated that Michigan's economy will suffer
losses of $156 million over the next 10 years.
Michigan's situation is complicated because the virus has been found
in deer herds, which are more mobile and pose a greater risk to beef
and dairy cattle. A quarantine zone exists in Michigan; however,
positive deer have been found outside of the zone.
In addition, the disease has appeared in badgers, bobcats, coyotes,
raccoons, and red foxes. When the disease is rampant, immediate action
is necessary.
Compounding Michigan's crisis are the restrictions placed on
Michigan's beef and dairy cattle from entering other States for sale or
slaughter. In the last 4 years, more than 18,000 Michigan cattle have
been exported to other States. Now over 43 States have restrictions on
accepting Michigan cattle. Michigan farmers have lost their markets and
cannot recoup them until TB is eradicated. Help is needed now, not
tomorrow, not next month, and definitely not next year.
So it is essential that we stop bovine tuberculosis before it spreads
to neighboring States. Prior to being downgraded, Michigan had been
bovine free since 1979. We cannot, however, afford to wait another 21
years to regain a TB-free status, and these funds will help in that
effort.
I thank all of the conferees for their work.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, when we started off on this endeavor, the idea was to
listen to what farmers said was a problem in the current crop insurance
program and to do everything we could to try to make for certain that
we could correct as much of that as possible within the constraints
that we had. As always is the case, when there is a pot of money, it
becomes very tempting to try to divvy that up in a variety of ways.
The conference that was concluded yesterday was concluded in 2 hours
and 45 minutes. Nine members of the Senate, nine members of the House
and all 18 Members of that conference committee signed that report.
I think it does two things. Number one, I think it shows the
significance of what this bill is doing. But I also think that it shows
the significance of the amount of bipartisan effort that went into this
bill; and as much as anything, it shows how well the staff of the House
committee, both minority and majority, worked very closely together on
this throughout the entire process and their work with the Senate staff
and members of the Senate, and having us to a point that something of
this magnitude could be concluded in such a short period of time.
Without the work that has gone on literally for weeks, many, many
late hours by the staff, both the House and the Senate, majority and
minority, this would have not been possible. There is no way that I can
thank them enough for those long hours that they put in in creating
this product that I think is going to have a significant bearing on the
future of American agriculture.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Louisiana (Mr. John).
Mr. JOHN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Texas for yielding
me 1\1/2\ minutes.
Being on the Subcommittee of Risk Management, Research, and Specialty
Crops that began the deliberations on this bill, I am proud to stand up
here before the House today and support the conference committee
report.
I want to thank the gentleman from Texas (Chairman Combest), and the
subcommittee, and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), the ranking
member of the full committee, for their tireless work in putting this
piece of legislation together. This is a very important piece of
legislation because I think it heals the promises that were made in the
1996 farm bill.
My understanding, I was not here at the time, but my understanding of
when we passed the Freedom to Farms bills, the Congress' obligation was
twofold: First to provide a safety net and, second, to open new
markets.
I think yesterday we took a major step in opening new markets for our
rice producers and the other farmers across America; and maybe even
today we will have another opportunity to continue opening markets in
the area of Cuba and other areas in other countries.
But the second part was creating a safety net, a safety net that is
so important to our rice producers and also our farmers across the
country.
So I stand here to support the conference committee report because it
makes it accessible and it makes it affordable. But, specifically, I
want to thank the gentlemen from Texas, Mr. Combest and Mr. Stenholm,
both of which worked with me to provide a provision to help south
Louisiana's rice farmers.
This year, we had a drought of a magnitude that we have not seen in
many, many years in southwest Louisiana. Under present law, rice
farmers were not covered under the drought
[[Page H3826]]
provisions. I just wanted to thank them for being able to put the rice
provision in there for our rice farmers because it is so important to
them.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the conference committee
report.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, how much time is remaining?
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Pease). The gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Combest) has 2\1/2\ minutes remaining. The gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm) has 3 minutes remaining.
Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, just let me say in closing, again, I commend the
gentleman from Illinois (Chairman Ewing) and the ranking members on
this side for the tremendous hard work that has gone into this package.
There is no question that our producers all across the Nation will be
very appreciative of this financial assistance once again this year.
I thank the actions, as the gentleman from Texas (Chairman Combest)
has mentioned a moment ago, tremendous work of the staffs on both sides
of the aisle who have been able to work together in resolving many
difficult issues in which we do not always agree 100 percent. But this
committee, under the leadership of the gentleman from Texas (Chairman
Combest), I think, does as good and perhaps I would say best job of any
committee in the House of working out differences between both sides
when we, perhaps, have differences, not partisan differences, but
honest differences in the manner in which various pieces of the
legislation should be written.
This was a difficult task with the additions and all, but it has been
done in a way in which I feel that can be recommended to our colleagues
on both sides of the aisle for their support. Again, I thank the
gentleman from Texas (Chairman Combest) for his work and cooperation.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of the time.
Again, I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), my friend and
my neighbor there, for all the good work and the efforts that have gone
into this, and, again, to the staff on the minority side for the
efforts and for their work.
If I might just take a moment, Mr. Speaker, to, not only talk about
the significance of this bill, but the significance of what happened in
the House yesterday. One of the glaring concerns that agriculture has
faced over the last 3 years has been a concern about the ability or
inability to expand markets.
While I recognize and appreciate the deep-held feelings of those
people who were opposed to the granting of permanent normal trade
relations with China, I think it was one of the most significant votes
that we could take in this House on, not only what is good for America,
but what is good for our farmers when we have 1.3 billion people, the
largest market in the world, that is now opening up to American
production.
All of the groups that have come forward and have talked about the
amount of increase and income for their producers and the amount of
increase in the price of hogs or cattle, the number of exports that
will become available to us, it was really, in my opinion, a no choice,
that we have now made ourselves available to a market that everyone
else in the world would have taken advantage of.
The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) in every one of the field
hearings that we held across the country, not only asked the panel, but
he asked the members in the audience, and this has been several
thousand over 10 hearings, their position on providing PNTR. In all of
those hearings, total combined, well over 90 percent of the people
indicated that they supported that activity.
I think that shows the kind of recognition and support that American
agriculture has, but I think it also shows the understanding that
people have, number one, about what a great trade agreement that was,
and number two, about its impact on agriculture.
It was, I think, a very thoughtful question that my colleague asked
and carried through that, through the entire hearing process, and I
think, continued to focus on it in its significance. It also, I think,
gave us a recognition of the amount of support that was out there that
otherwise would not have been done.
So I think, as was stated earlier, the last 2 days have been
extremely positive days for American agriculture. I was glad to be a
part of it and glad to be a part of it on a team that works so
bipartisan.
Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the conference report
on H.R. 2559, the Agriculture Risk Protection Act. This legislation
will provide important assistance to our nation's agricultural
community and it will help our nation's children as well.
I was reared on a farm and know the hardships faced by our nation's
farmers. I was also an educator and know the importance of ensuring
that children eat nutritious meals. It is simple. Hungry children don't
pay attention to their schoolwork, they pay attention to their growling
stomachs.
Currently farmers in my Congressional district are experiencing
problems with plum pox. I want to thank the conferees for including
indemnification authorization for fruit growers affected by the plum
pox virus in Adams County, Pennsylvania, as directed by Secretary
Glickman in his March 2, 2000 declaration of Extraordinary Emergency.
Mr. Speaker, this legislation also includes several provisions
affecting our federal child nutrition programs. I would like to
highlight several of the key provisions.
The first provision is based on H.R. 3614, the Emergency Commodity
Distribution Act of 2000. This legislation was introduced to restore
recent cuts to the School Lunch Program. Since the 103rd Congress, 12
percent of the cost of school lunches was to be in the form of
agricultural products purchased for schools.
Last session, this law was modified to allow the 12 percent commodity
requirement to be met through a combination of entitlement and bonus
commodities. The savings achieved as a result of this revision was used
to help fund the ``Ticket to Work and Work Incentives Improvement Act
of 1999.'' As a consequences, schools will receive fewer commodities
because bonus commodities will be counted as part of the 12 percent
commodity requirement rather than in addition to the commodities
schools would receive under this requirement. At the same time,
purchases of agriculture commodities will also be reduced.
The conference agreement restores $110 million for the purchase of
commodities for school meal programs. Both the children and the
agriculture community benefit from these purchases and I thank the
conferees for agreeing to partially restore this important commodity
funding.
The conference report also includes key provisions of H.R. 4520, the
Child and Adult Care Food Program Integrity Act of 2000, legislation to
combat fraud and abuse in the Child and Adult Care Food Program
(CACFP). The Child and Adult Care Food Program provides nutritious
meals and snacks to children in day care facilities and family day care
homes. It operates in 37,000 day care centers and 175,000 day care
homes.
Unfortunately, in recent years both the Inspector General of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture and the General Accounting Office (GAO) have
issued reports of widespread fraud and abuse and deficient management
practices in the program. As a result, the full value of nutrition
benefits the program delivers has been denied to many of the 2.7
million participating children nationwide.
Provisions included in the conference report, based on H.R. 4520,
would address fraud and abuse in CACFP and improve program management.
For example, the legislation will require the Agriculture Department to
develop a plan for ongoing periodic training of state and sponsor staff
in the prevention of fraud and abuse; require a minimum number of
unannounced site visits for inspections; and permit the Secretary of
Agriculture to withhold administrative funds to states that have not
met their oversight responsibilities. It will also require child care
provisions to notify parents if they are participating in the Child and
Adult Care Food Program, so they can take action if they suspect fraud
and abuse. These are but a few of the key provisions directed at
eliminating fraud and abuse in the Child and Adult Care Food Program.
Enactment of this legislation will ensure that CACFP funds will be
used to feed children and not end up in the hands of unscrupulous
program sponsors and care providers.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 2559, the
Agriculture Risk Protection Act. It provides important assistance to
our country's farmers and ensures the provision of vital nutrition
assistance to our nation's children.
Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, I'd like to begin by thanking the
Agriculture Committee members and staff for their hard work on the
Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000. This bill goes far in
providing much needed assistance
[[Page H3827]]
to farmers nationally, and for the first time effectively addresses the
unique conditions of California specialty crops.
A main concern of specialty crop producers is the lack of insurance
programs that meet their risk management needs. This bill prioritizes
$25 million for research and development of new and improved insurance
products for these growers. Additionally, new mandates on RMA to
contract out and reimburse private sector research and development of
crop insurance programs will expedite product development and reform.
The streamlining of RMA's review and development procedures encourages
new product availability in response to proposals and requests from
producers and approved insurance providers. A specialty crop
coordinator will be appointed to expand existing policies and coverage
for specialty crops.
To increase specialty crop participation in crop insurance programs,
cooperatives and non-profit trade associations are permitted to offer
Catastrophic and additional levels of insurance to their members where
state law allows licensing fees. Members of these cooperatives who are
located in adjacent states also benefit from this provision. California
farmers will benefit tremendously from this provision, since
cooperatives will now be allowed to encourage farmer participation in
crop insurance programs and assist in the payment of fees.
Participation is also increased by the elimination of an area-wide
loss before disaster payments can be made to producers of currently
non-insurable crops. In states with less than 50 percent of national
participation average, the USDA Secretary is also instructed to take
steps to study and develop other ways to increase participation.
I am very pleased with the reforms made in this year's crop insurance
legislation and thank you on behalf of all California farmers for
responding to their needs.
Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of Agriculture Risk
Protection Act Conference Report. This bill provides important support
for our Nation's farmers an ensures that Americans will have a steady,
affordable food supply.
I want to address an issue that is of particular importance to my
district--the spread of Pierce's Disease. I am pleased that this bill
includes much-needed funding to combat Pierce's disease and the Glassy-
winged Sharpshooter which spread it. This disease is having a
devastating effect on California vintners, and needs to be brought
under control before it does even greater damage.
Although outbreaks in my district have been limited, recent sightings
of the Glassy-winged Sharpshooter are very worrisome. Just the other
day eggs of the Glassy-winged Sharpshooter were found on plants at two
northern San Luis Obispo County nurseries.
While we have been experimenting with different ways to combat
Pierce's Disease, currently there is no known cure. Central Coast wine
grape growers are banding together and contributing funds to fight this
disease. We in the federal government need to support these efforts.
I joined members of the Wine Caucus in urging the Agriculture
Subcommittee of the Appropriations Committee to increase funding for
combating Pierce's Disease. I am pleased that the Subcommittee saw the
importance of this issue and provided appropriate funding in the
Agriculture Risk Protection Act Conference Report.
This bill provides the necessary support for our vintners with $7.14
million in funding for control and containment activities in California
and $25 million to compensate growers for losses due to three different
diseases including Pierce's Disease.
We cannot rest until a cure for this disease is found and the Glassy-
winged Sharpshooter is eradicated. I'm glad that this bill takes a
major step in that direction.
Mr. KIND. Mr. Speaker, I am extremely disappointed in H.R. 2559, the
conference report on the Agriculture Risk Protection Act. While
originally intended as a simple crop insurance measure, H.R. 2559
instead is a sad commentary of the state of our nation's current
dysfunctional farm policy.
The crop insurance reform bill that this body is set to vote upon
codifies some of the basic principles that many of us have been
advocating--affordability, and buy-up coverage. I am happy that the
measure authorizes an increase in the number of counties that can
participate in the dairy options pilot program (DOPP), authorizes the
creation of livestock insurance program, and improved coverage of
specialty crops--including cranberries, apples, and vegetable crops
grown in Wisconsin.
Unfortunately, the conference committee has unnecessarily included
$7.1 billion in emergency farm payments in the bill. This legislation
is not the proper vehicle for such outlays. Instead, the House should
deal with these matters separately, in a more thorough and thoughtful
manner.
The emergency farm assistance fails the American farmer and rural
communities in a number of ways. Specifically, it fails to target the
assistance to those producers and commodities that need it most. By
distributing these funds through the inequitable Agriculture Marketing
Transition Act (AMTA) formula, this legislation places a priority on
wheat and feed grains grown on large operations in the Great Plains and
fails to address the needs of family-sized operations.
According to a recent computer investigation by the Environmental
Working Group, ``taxpayers have provided $22.9 billion in emergency
subsidies (payments above normal farm bill receipts) during the first
three years of the `Freedom to Farm' law, but 10 percent of the
recipients (144,000 participants) collected 61 percent of the money.''
Even President Clinton's Agriculture Secretary opposes this delivery
mechanism, claiming that AMTA payments treat ``the farm economy as
monolith, failing to consider the varying degree of market weakness
across commodities.'' Sadly, this bill fails to correct this economic
injustice.
In addition, the AMTA payments do not increase farm conservation
programs. In a period when a growing segment of the American population
is calling for improvements in clean water and air, as well as more
sustainable agriculture practices in general, it is irresponsible not
to allocate adequate funds to programs that address the growing
concentrated animal agriculture industry and its related phosphorous
and nutrient management problems as well as hazards associated with
crop fertilizer use.
American farmers deserve more than this short-sighted, inequitable,
shot-gun approach to farm policy. This nation, and this body, needs to
have a thoughtful discussion of the commodity price problems facing
rural America. H.R. 2559 short-circuits the deliberative process that
is the great hallmark of democracy. Hopefully, rural America will see
through this half-hearted approach and call on Congress to act in a
more responsible manner.
Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, this Member rises in strong support of the
conference report for H.R. 2559, the Agricultural Risk Protection Act,
which provides for the reform of our Federal crop insurance program,
and urges his colleagues to vote for it.
This Member would like to begin by expressing appreciation to the
distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest), the Chairman of the
Agriculture Committee, and the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr.
Stenholm), the Ranking Member of the Committee, for their hard work on
this important legislation.
As an original cosponsor of H.R. 2559, this Member is pleased that
this conference report is being considered today. Agricultural
producers throughout the country continue to suffer from disastrously
low commodity prices and in some regions from adverse weather
conditions. For instance, Nebraska farmers are confronting one of the
most serious droughts in decades.
This Member believes that this conference report is an important step
toward developing a more effective long-term approach to assisting
agricultural producers. Improving crop insurance is certainly not the
only solution to the current problems, but it does provide a more
adequate safety net to farmers who are too often confronted with
natural disasters and low prices.
The Agricultural Risk Protection Act will make crop insurance
coverage more affordable at every level. It will offer producers
significant incentives to purchase higher levels of protection and
provide farmers with the flexibility to purchase the coverage that best
meets their needs.
It is important to note that this crop insurance reform bill also
improves the current risk management structure by providing better
coverage for both production and revenue. It does so by making possible
more affordable policies to protect farmers against price and income
loss. The legislation also initiates a livestock pilot program to test
the effectiveness of risk management tools to protect livestock
producers.
This Member's constituents have made it clear that crop insurance is
a necessary risk management tool. Unfortunately, it is often too
expensive or offers too little protection to be of real value. This
legislation takes these concerns into account and offers agricultural
producers what they need--meaningful and more affordable crop
insurance.
This Member is also pleased that this conference report includes
funding for emergency payments to farmers. The 1996 Freedom to Farm Act
was based on the premise of expanding international markets for the
commodities produced by our nation's farmers. This clearly has not
happened. Certainly, one of the root causes of the current low
commodity prices was the drop in exports, especially to Asia as a
result of the region's economic down-turn. Nobody could have predicted
the Asian financial crisis or the contagion effect which is still being
felt.
Also, because of the strength of our national economy relative to
most other countries, the
[[Page H3828]]
value of our currency compared to others now makes our exports less
price-competitive in Asian markets than our competitor exporters like
Canada, Australia, Brazil, or the nations of the European Union. Thus,
there is not only a dramatically reduced agricultural export market in
Asia, we are also getting a reduced portion of the remaining Asian
import business.
Clearly, an emergency agriculture relief package is needed
immediately. Producers are in desperate need of a quick infusion of
cash to help them deal with low prices and increasing costs. However,
as important as that relief is, it is only a temporary fix. A long-term
approach is clearly needed. This conference report, which includes
significant improvements in the crop insurance program, is an important
component of that effort.
This Member urges his colleagues to vote for the conference report
for H.R. 2559.
Mr. LaHOOD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the conference
report for H.R. 2559, the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000. I
believe that this legislation is paramount to providing much needed
assistance to our nations farmers and ranchers.
In 1996, Congress passed the Freedom to Farm bill, which was designed
to limit government's role in agriculture. This legislation addresses
some of the short falls of Freedom to Farm by providing temporary
economic relief to our farm community, as well as implementing crop
insurance reform.
The reforms to the crop insurance program will strengthen the farm
safety net by providing producers improved risk management tools to
address the inherit risks associated with farming. I believe that these
reforms are necessary, and that they will remove need for the type of
emergency assistance Congress has provided agricultural producers over
the past two years.
I am especially appreciative that this conference report contains the
House crop insurance reform language calling for the implementation of
livestock pilot programs. These pilot programs would provide livestock
producers with the necessary risk management tools to cope with
disasters, weather shifts, and other natural acts beyond their control
without fear that the cost of doing the right thing will put them out
of business.
I am also supportive of the anti-fraud provisions in the crop
insurance legislation. These provisions direct the Federal Crop
Insurance Corporation and the Farm Service Agency to work together to
reconcile producer information on an annual basis, to identify
producers and insurers who are abusing the program.
As I stated earlier, I believe that this is sound legislation. I want
to commend all the conferees and committee staff for their hard work
and dedication, particularly Chairman Combest and Ranking Member
Stenholm.
Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, first of all, I would like to congratulate
Congressman Combest of Texas for introducing the Agricultural Risk
Protection Act of 2000. The conference report that we are voting on
today will provide a badly needed overhaul of our crop insurance
system.
All of us who represent and have grown up in rural areas know the
importance of our nation's farmers. The weather over the past couple of
years has not been very generous to Tennessee's farmers and now, more
than ever, they need federal policy to help them these tough times.
Farming is not only a job that requires endless hours of hard work
and planning. It also requires a substantial amount of courage to be a
farmer. Our farmers take risks every year by putting their livelihood
on the line in order to produce for their communities. They invest the
money they have worked so hard to save in a crop or a number of crops
with the hope that the rains will come and that a tornado and the
insects will not.
But, as we all know, those conditions are never guaranteed. But my
fellow Congressmen and I can guarantee them an affordable safety net.
Providing our dwindling farming population with a cheaper and broader
insurance program is the least we can do for the men and women who work
to provide for each one of us in this House.
The provision in this conference report that makes catastrophic
coverage available for all farmers for a simple fee is certainly
appealing to Tennessee's farmers who have been hit by a recent wave of
tornadoes and droughts over the past several years.
Tennessee's single crop and lower yield farmers are especially
excited about the change in their actual production history formula.
These farmers will now be able to insure more of their investments and
feel more secure about their ability to support their families. Ladies
and gentlemen these are only a few examples of the benefits of this
legislation.
I call on each one of my fellow members of Congress to join me and
support this conference report for America's courageous farmers.
Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the previous question is
ordered on the conference report.
There was no objection.
The conference report was agreed to.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
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