[Congressional Record Volume 146, Number 60 (Tuesday, May 16, 2000)]
[House]
[Page H3052]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
IMPORTANCE OF SAVING SOCIAL SECURITY
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Ms. Granger). Under the Speaker's announced
policy of January 19, 1999, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Smith) is
recognized during morning hour debates for 5 minutes.
Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Madam Speaker, yesterday, Governor Bush came
out with some general parameters on saving Social Security and the
importance of saving Social Security. There has been a lot of
discussion of whether there should be any privately-owned investment
owned by the American worker as opposed to continuing to keep on going
with a system that is insolvent. What it boils down to is that because
of the demographics, because people are living longer, because the
birth rate has been going down, there are fewer workers paying their
taxes into a system to support and finance existing senior citizens
benefits.
It is important that everybody understands that it is a pay-as-you-go
program. It is a program where taxes come in one week, and by the end
of the week, they are paid out in benefits. If you are an average
worker today, then you are going to get an estimated 1.7 percent real
return on the money you and your employer put into the system.
If you are a young worker, because we are going to run out of enough
money eventually, there is not going to be adequate tax money, coming
in to pay benefits, then you are going to get even a smaller return.
There are two ways to fix Social Security; you either increase the
revenue coming in, or you reduce the benefits going out.
None of us want to reduce benefits. Everybody, including Governor
Bush, has committed that we are not going to reduce benefits for
current retirees or near-term retirees. So then the question is, is
there merit in having privately-owned accounts, and if we get a larger
real return than 1.7 percent, then, absolutely, it brings more revenue
into the system. In fact, if my Social Security bill had been passed,
the first one that I introduced 5 years ago, the 25 year old when they
retire would have $150,000 more than what they are going to receive
under the current Social Security system.
There are safe investments even through the worst parts of the
history of this country, on dips in Social Security. We saw that there
was no 12-year period where there was not at least a positive gain on
Social Security.
There are companies now that will guarantee you a gain, and if you
are going to do a reasonable investment, and I would say reasonable for
people over 45 is maybe 40 percent in bonds and 60 percent in safe
stocks, in most all the proposals, Democrats and Republicans have all
agreed that there needs to be privately-owned investment accounts, I
mean Senator Kerrey, Senator Moynihan respected in this regard,
Democrats in the House, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm) has
been working on this for years, and he comes to the conclusion that
there needs to be some privately-owned accounts, that are put into safe
investments, low-risk investments, because it is an absolute certainty:
If you leave those investments in more than 12 years, it is going to
recover more than the 1.7 percent average that Social Security is going
to pay people.
Now, the other part of the problem is that Social Security is running
out of money, so we need to do something. We cannot just pretend that
the problem is not there. On this chart, Social Security the bottom
piece of pie now represents 20 percent of all government spending. This
is a graphic impression of what is happening in Social Security. The
blue at the top left is this short period of time where there is more
tax money coming in than is needed to pay benefits, but over time, for
the next 75 years, we are short $120 trillion.
Tax revenues are short $120 trillion of what is needed to pay what is
promised in benefits today. Another way to say that is that the
unfunded liability is short, $9 trillion today. You would have to put
$9 trillion into an interest bearing account today to come up with the
$120 trillion that is needed over the next 75 years. We have got to do
something.
Madam Speaker, suggesting, like the Vice President has, that simply
if we pay down the debt, and you are doing that by borrowing the excess
money from Social Security and using that money to pay down the debt
held by the public, it is like using one credit card to pay off the
debt of another credit card; to pretend that is going to somehow solve
this red deficit problem is unrealistic.
It cannot be scored by the actuaries over at the Social Security
Administration. So I plead with the Vice President, I pled with the
President of the United States do not demagog suggestions of how we
move ahead to fix Social Security. It is too important a program.
I have met with the President maybe four times over the last 16
months, he ended up saying that he is not going to come up with a plan
because he is afraid it would be criticized. Let us move ahead, let us
work together, let us, Republicans and Democrats, make sure that we fix
this important program.
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