[Congressional Record Volume 145, Number 112 (Tuesday, August 3, 1999)]
[House]
[Pages H6846-H6847]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
OMNIBUS MERCURY EMISSIONS REDUCTION ACT OF 1999
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 19, 1999, the gentleman from Maine (Mr. Allen) is recognized
during morning hour debates for 5 minutes.
Mr. ALLEN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I introduced the Omnibus Mercury
Emissions Reduction Act of 1999, a bill to reduce mercury emissions by
95 percent nationwide. I am pleased to be joined by 27 of my colleagues
who have agreed to be original cosponsors of this important bipartisan
legislation.
Although mercury is a naturally occurring element, it has built up to
dangerous levels in the environment. Mercury pollution impairs the
reproductive and nervous systems of freshwater fish and wildlife,
especially loons. It can be extremely harmful when ingested by humans.
It is especially dangerous to pregnant women, children, and developing
fetuses. Ingesting mercury can severely damage the central nervous
system, causing numbness in extremities, impaired vision, kidney
disease, and in some cases even death.
According to EPA's mercury study report to Congress, exposure to
mercury poses a significant threat to human health, and concentrations
of mercury in the environment are increasing.
The report concludes that mercury pollution in the U.S. comes
primarily from a few categories of combustion units and incinerators.
Together, these sources emit more than 155 tons of mercury into our
environment each year. These emissions can be suspended in the air for
up to a year and travel hundreds of miles before settling in bodies of
water and soil.
Nearly every State confronts the health risks posed by mercury
pollution and the problem is growing. Just 6 years ago, 27 States had
issued mercury advisories warning the public about consuming freshwater
fish contaminated with mercury. Today, the number of States issuing
advisories has risen to 40, and the number of water bodies covered by
the warnings has nearly doubled.
In some States, including my home State of Maine, every single river,
lake, and stream is under a mercury advisory, and that applies to the
States shown in black on this chart.
The growing problem has already prompted action at the State and
regional level. Last year, the New England governors and Eastern
Canadians premiers enacted a plan to reduce emissions, educate the
public, and label products that contain mercury. Maine and Vermont have
passed legislation to cut mercury pollution, and Massachusetts and New
Jersey have enacted strict mercury emission standards on waste
incinerators.
Although there is a clear consensus that mercury pollution poses a
significant threat, State and regional initiatives alone are not
sufficient to deal with this problem. As Congress recognized when it
passed the Clean Air Act nearly 30 years ago, Federal legislation is
the only effective way to deal with airborne pollutants that know no
State boundaries. That is why I am introducing legislation to reduce
the amount of mercury emitted from the largest polluters. This bill
sets mercury emission standards for coal-fired utilities, waste
combustors, commercial and industrial boilers, chlor-alkali plants, and
Portland cement plants. According to the EPA's report to Congress,
these sources are responsible for more than 87 percent of all mercury
emissions in the U.S.
My bill also phases out the use of mercury in products and ensures
that municipalities work with waste incinerators that keep products
that contain mercury out of the waste stream. It would also require a
recycling program for products that contain mercury as an essential
component and increases research into the effects of mercury pollution.
With mercury levels in the environment growing every year, it is long
past time to enact a comprehensive strategy for controlling mercury
pollution. We have the technology for companies to meet these
standards, and this bill will allow them to choose the best approach
for their facility.
We have reduced or eliminated other toxins without the catastrophic
effects that some industries predicted. Now we should eliminate
dangerous levels of mercury. I urge my colleagues to support this
legislation and stop mercury from polluting our waters, infecting our
fish and wildlife, and threatening the health of our children.
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