[Congressional Record Volume 145, Number 58 (Tuesday, April 27, 1999)]
[House]
[Pages H2309-H2310]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
COMPREHENSIVE ELECTRIC RESTRUCTURING BILL
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of
January 19, 1999, the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Stearns) is
recognized during morning hour debates for 5 minutes.
Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, deregulation of the airlines, natural gas,
railroads, telecommunications, and trucking industries yields annual
savings equal to nearly 1 percent of America's gross domestic product.
This Congress, we will attempt to craft a measure that will finally and
successfully unleash competition and savings from utility reform,
electric deregulation.
In recent years, competition has replaced regulation for the electric
power industry in a number of nations, including the United Kingdom,
New Zealand, Norway, Chile and Argentina. Many took a very long-term
approach to this process. The United States faces a unique situation in
that our electric power industry is largely already privatized. So we
must focus on alternating our current system and effectively fostering
more competition.
This should not be done through a Federal mandate. Clearly, we would
be wise to make the State-mandated restructuring more efficient instead
of imposing a separate Federal mandate. I see the ideal measure as one
that fosters competition, avoids Federal mandates and lowers rates for
all consumers. To create this legislation, we must eliminate outdated
laws, inject fairness into the process, and delineate the proper roles
of the Federal Government and State governments. But do not
misunderstand me: Reforming the electric industry is no simple matter.
This is an enormous undertaking. Congress considers the livelihoods of
entire industries constitutional questions and the interests of the
entire rate-paying public in addressing this very complex issue.
Accordingly, we must address these points to fully realize the benefits
of energy reform. Every consumer must benefit from this deregulation,
not just the large industrial users of electricity. I am concerned that
any
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rush in reforming the electric utility industry could result in large
industrial users seeing greater benefits while residential users and
small businesses would pay for that benefit.
We must honor past regulatory schemes and commitments and allow
recovery of stranded investments. Electric utilities incurred
``stranded costs'' under a regulatory scheme not of their choosing.
These utilities made long-term decisions based upon decades of
regulation. To deny industry the recovery of these costs would go
against the fairness I spoke of earlier. That being said, lower costs
should be fostered by real deregulation and industrial and regulatory
innovation, not by simply shifting costs. We should not merely
``reshuffle the deck'' to see who pays.
A significant hurdle to deregulation is the diverse nature of power
generators, including public power providers, municipalities, investor-
owned utilities, and power marketing associations. Reconciling these
disparate views will be a monumental task, yet fairness demands that we
produce a level playing field for all energy providers and
transmitters.
So reforming the energy industry on a Federal level demands
clarifying, simply clarifying the roles of the Federal and State
governments. Where does the Federal responsibility end and the States'
begin? The diverse situation among the States adds to these reform
difficulties. Some States have always supported regulation, others have
taken progressive stances, while still others, like my home State of
Florida, enjoy the benefits of moderately priced electricity and see
little need for major reform.
Eliminating the barriers to entry into the electric market is
fundamental to this reform. We must repeal the Public Utilities
Regulatory Policy Act, PURPA, and the Public Utility Holding Company
Act, PUHCA, to ensure that any transition to retail competition is
truly competitive. The entire efficacy of PURPA centered on the
supposition that producing electricity would become more expensive. In
fact, Mr. Speaker, it has become cheaper. Thanks to PURPA, Americans
will pay $38 billion in higher electric bills over the next 10 years
than they should.
Deregulation of the electric industry requires consideration of a
myriad of factors. The stakes are very high, but so are the benefits.
To that end, I am introducing today a piece of Federal legislation that
will change all that. It is called the Electric Energy Empowerment Act
of 1999. It will not mandate the States to act, but instead will
empower and encourage them to enact measures providing these customers
retail competition and choice.
My legislation amends the Federal Power Act to clarify jurisdictional
boundaries between state and federal authorities, thus empowering the
states to enact competitive retail electricity markets. As an incentive
for the states to move forward, the legislation includes a reciprocity
condition. Further, the legislation eliminates the existing federal
barriers to competition: it encourages the establishment of independent
transmission system operators, and it deregulates the wholesale market
by making the FERC wholesale open access rules applicable to non-
jurisdictional entities.
I think everyone will agree that we are inevitably moving toward an
electricity industry based on competition, market force, and lower
rates. This is certainly my goal as I introduce this legislation today.
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