[Congressional Record Volume 144, Number 65 (Wednesday, May 20, 1998)]
[House]
[Pages H3598-H3608]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                    TRIBUTE TO SENATOR TERRY SANFORD

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 7, 1997, the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hefner) is 
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.


                             General Leave

  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may 
have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their remarks 
and to provide extraneous material on the subject of my special order.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Kingston). Is there objection to the 
request of the gentleman from North Carolina?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, as the dean of the North Carolina 
Delegation, I would take this time to pay tribute to what I consider 
one of the greatest politicians and public servants that has ever 
served this country, former Governor Terry Sanford; Duke President 
Terry Sanford; and as of late, the Senator Terry Sanford.
  At this time, some of my colleagues from North Carolina have remarks 
that they would like to make, and I yield to the gentleman from North 
Carolina (Mr. Price).
  Mr. PRICE of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for 
organizing this special order and for giving us the opportunity tonight 
to pay tribute to an extraordinary citizen and a visionary leader, 
Terry Sanford, a son of North Carolina of whom we are exceedingly 
proud.
  Terry Sanford died on April 18. When we look back on the broad sweep 
of his life, in addition to being governor and senator, he was an FBI 
agent at one time; a World War II paratrooper; a state legislator; a 
lawyer; an author; a university president. We see a life committed to 
the greatest movements and deeply involved in the greatest 
accomplishments in this American century.
  Terry Sanford was a mentor and an inspiration to many of my 
generation who came of age politically during his governorship in the 
early 1960s. He was the first political figure with whom I seriously 
identified. He became governor at a time of extraordinary challenge as 
the movement for racial justice swept across the South. The South, in 
fact, was a racial powder keg, with the sit-in movement, the Freedom 
Riders, a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, mob violence, and federal 
troops occupying college campuses.
  Governor Sanford rejected the politics of demagoguery and defiance 
and thus set a standard for the New South on the most important and 
explosive issue of the day.
  While massive resistance was embraced by some, during his 1961 
inaugural address, Terry Sanford called for a ``new day'' in which ``no 
group of our citizens can be denied the right to participate in the 
opportunities of first-class citizenship.''
  It made a world of difference to me and my generation to have Terry 
Sanford as a counter-example to the Wallaces and Faubuses and Barnetts, 
as an example of decency and dignity and a willingness to change.
  Governor Sanford also in the space of a short, single term made major 
contributions to the improvement of public education in North Carolina, 
to the development of North Carolina's community college system, and to 
the growth of Research Triangle Park. A Harvard study designated him as 
one of the Nation's top 10 governors in this century.
  Most importantly, Terry Sanford taught my generation what democratic 
politics at its best could be. He was a model of energetic and 
innovative leadership, full of ideas, refusing to be bound by the 
shackles of the past, possessing a vision of future possibility that 
inspired and empowered others.
  When I returned to North Carolina in 1973 to teach at Duke 
University, it was again under Terry Sanford's inspiration as we 
launched what is now called the Terry Sanford Institute of Public 
Policy. President Sanford's idea was to bring disparate disciplines 
together, from economics to political science to history, to the arts, 
to ethics, to bring these disciplines together to enrich one another 
and to address the major challenges facing our society. As a young 
faculty member, I could not have asked for a more worthwhile mission or 
a more congenial atmosphere than what he fostered at Duke University.
  Under President Sanford's leadership, the world-renowned Duke Medical 
Center doubled its capacity, the Fuqua School of Business was 
constructed, the University's endowment tripled. In short, under 
President Sanford, Duke reached its current status as a national leader 
in education, while also strengthening its ties to North Carolina and 
its contribution to our region of the country.
  Along the way, Terry Sanford chaired a major national Democratic 
Party commission, he wrote a book, and organized a national forum on 
our flawed system of presidential nomination, and he ran for President 
himself, standing up to George Wallace in the 1972 primaries.

                              {time}  1915

  Finally, Terry Sanford served North Carolina and the Nation as a 
United States Senator. He was a reluctant candidate in 1986, but he saw 
the need, and he responded to the call. I will forever treasure the 
memory of running on the ticket with him in my first campaign and 
serving with him here. He was the best at delivering a political stump 
speech that I have ever seen, speaking without notes in perfect one-
sentence paragraphs, each one of them a perfectly crafted applause 
line. He was very, very good.
  Senator Sanford's diverse policy interests were expressed in his 
service on the Committee on the Budget, Committee on Banking, and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations, and in initiatives that ranged from 
promotion of a stable peace in Central America to the cause of truth-
in-budgeting. As always, he combined a gift for national policy 
innovation with faithful stewardship of North Carolina's needs and 
interests.
  Terry Sanford had multiple careers, any one of which would be a 
credit to most people. I do not expect we will see another Terry 
Sanford in our lifetimes. But we can pick up parts of his legacy, and 
we can move that legacy forward.
  We can all draw strength and wisdom from our memories of the example 
that he set, the courage that he displayed, the diligence and patience 
he showed in mentoring the younger generation, the good humor that 
infused everything that he did, the confidence he had in the capacities 
of ordinary men and women and in the ultimate judgment of history, even 
when he was undergoing temporary disappointments or setbacks. We will 
remember the confidence he had in us, willing to believe the best about 
each of us and thus enabling us to be our best.
  Terry Sanford empowered and enabled many, many people. The ultimate 
impact of his influence and his inspiration will be limited only by the 
energy and creativity and the passion for realizing social justice that 
each of us can muster.
  Mr. Speaker, I include for the Record the tributes to former Governor 
and Senator Sanford from the magnificent memorial service at the Duke 
Chapel: the remembrances by Governor James B. Hunt, President Nan 
Keohone of Duke University, former North Carolina House Speaker Dan 
Blue, Duke Endowment Chairwoman Mary Semans, Judge Dickson Phillips, 
and former Sanford Institute Director Joel Fleishman.
  In addition, I include in the Record the eulogy from that service by 
Provost Emeritus Tom Langford of Duke University. I would also like to 
include a tribute by Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation Director Tom Lambeth, 
delivered on another occasion, and then two

[[Page H3599]]

columns by national journalists who knew Terry Sanford well and admired 
him greatly, Albert Hunt of the Wall Street Journal and David Gergen of 
U.S. News and World Report.

                Remembrance at the Terry Sanford Funeral

                 (By North Carolina Governor Jim Hunt)

       In the words of a great Methodist hymn: ``Oh, for a 
     thousand tongues to sing our Great Redeemer's praise.''
       Indeed, 1,000 tongues are here today to praise our Redeemer 
     and one of His most magnificent gifts to the people of our 
     state and our nation. I know that I speak for many of you 
     when I say very simply: Terry Sanford was my hero. He was my 
     hero because of what he did, but also because of the way he 
     did it. His approach, his style, his ideas. He was constantly 
     looking for ways to improve things. Calling people together 
     to study issues, to prepare proposals for action. In fact, I 
     suspect by now he has almost certainly had his orientation 
     session with the Lord. And it was NOT a one-way conversation. 
     I expect he has given the Lord a few good ideas for improving 
     Heaven. Some of which should be done in the next 30 days. And 
     almost certainly, if he has found any poverty, any 
     discrimination, any poor schools, any worthy arts ideas there 
     are projects underway, even now.
       At a time when we struggle about whether government should 
     act, let us remember the words of this uncommon man, Terry 
     Sanford, who could think great thoughts and make them a 
     reality. In one of his books, Terry wrote:
       ``Indeed, if government is not for the express purpose of 
     lifting the level of civilization by broadening the 
     opportunities in life for its people, what IS its purpose?''
       And he added: ``Government is not something passive, not 
     our kind of government. It has built into it the spirit of 
     outreach, the concern for every individual. Look at the verbs 
     in the Preamble to the Constitution--establish, insure, 
     provide, promote, secure. All these connote action, and all 
     suggest that we must constantly be striving to improve the 
     opportunities of our people.''
       And ACT Terry Sanford did. Strive to improve opportunities 
     for our people he did.
       Imagine what North Carolina would be like if we had not had 
     Terry Sanford striving for us all these many years.
       Imagine what North Carolina would have been like in the 
     1960s if we had not had a governor who believed in bringing 
     people of all races together. If we'd had a governor, like 
     other states, who appealed to the worst rather than the best 
     in us. Imagine no Terry Sanford.
       Imagine what North Carolina would be like without the 
     Research Triangle Park. Imagine no Terry Sanford.
       Imagine what North Carolina would be like without the 
     community college system or the School of the Arts. Imagine 
     no Terry Sanford.
       Imagine what North Carolina would be like had he not set 
     national excellence as the goal for this great university--
     and all of our other universities. Imagine no Terry Sanford.
       Imagine what North Carolina public schools would be like if 
     a great governor had not had the courage to pass a tax for 
     school improvements--an act of courage that cost his own 
     political ambitions deeply. Imagine no Terry Sanford.
       It is truly unimaginable. You cannot imagine North Carolina 
     without Terry Sanford.
       Forty years ago, no one could have imagined what North 
     Carolina would become.
       No one, that is, but Terry Sanford.
       He once wrote: ``The governor, by his very office, embodies 
     his state. He stands alone at his inauguration as the 
     spokesman for all the people. His presence at the peak of the 
     system is unique, for he must represent the slum and the 
     suburb, his concerns must span rural poverty and urban 
     blight. The responsibility for initiative in statewide 
     programs falls upon the governor. He must energize his 
     administration, search out the experts, formulate the 
     programs, mobilize the support and carry new ideas into 
     action.''
       Terry, you set the goals and our sights very high. So high 
     that we often wonder if we can meet your standard. But your 
     good works, your words and your spirit tell us every day, in 
     every way, that the goal can be ours. That the struggle is 
     worth it.
       When we leave today, we will leave the body of our hero in 
     this chapel. We will leave it here because no other structure 
     is sufficiently magnificent to serve as the final resting 
     place for a life as magnificent as his.
       But while we leave his body here to rest, the evidence of 
     his good works is and will be around us everywhere--in the 
     institutions he led, in the innovations he championed, in the 
     individuals he touched and, most of all, in the spirit of 
     everyone here today and everyone in this state. And so it 
     will be for every generation to come.
       For all that North Carolina has become and will be, Terry, 
     we thank you.
       God bless this place. God bless this family. And thank God 
     for the magnificent blessing of giving North Carolina Terry 
     Sanford.
                                  ____


                       Terry Sanford Remembrance

         (By Nannerl O. Keohane, President of Duke University)

       Of the many eloquent tributes that have been paid to Terry 
     Sanford this week, the one in our student newspaper on Monday 
     would have been especially dear to him. It was written by 
     Devin Gordon, the editor of the Chronicle, and it begins as 
     follows: ``Surely there is a place in heaven for Terry 
     Sanford. For eight decades, Duke's patron saint found his way 
     into the soul of this university and into the hearts of North 
     Carolinians. The highlights of his storied career read like 
     the resume of a dozen men combined: four decorations as a 
     paratrooper during World War II, two years as a state 
     senator, four years as N.C. governor, 15 years as university 
     president, two runs for the United States presidency and six 
     years as a United States Senator. On Saturday morning at 
     11:30 a.m., however, he finally stopped to rest.''
       Terry Sanford took office at Duke in 1970, at a time when 
     one might have thought that only a madman would take a 
     university presidency. It was the very height of the protest 
     against the war on campuses everywhere; presidents were being 
     thrown out of the office right and left, and those who kept 
     their jobs were harried and beleaguered. In those tumultuous 
     times leadership was scorned and often ineffective. But Terry 
     took the job with zest, and from the very first, performed it 
     with panache, sincerity, serenity and purpose.
       We've relished the story of how he met with protesting 
     students during the first few weeks and, when they told him 
     that they planned to occupy our administration building, he 
     said, ``Great, take me with you. I've been trying to occupy 
     it for weeks.'' But it's less well known that after 
     delivering that memorable quip, Terry neither departed nor 
     called in reinforcements. He took a chair and sat down on the 
     stage behind the student leaders. This quiet but brilliant 
     gesture immediately established his authority, demonstrated 
     that he intended to be part of the solution, and forced the 
     student leaders to redirect their attention, both literally 
     and metaphorically, to the president as well as to the 
     audience in front.
       Even more remarkable, Terry aspired then not just to keep 
     Duke University roughly on course, not just to create space 
     for dialogue, not just to keep the peace. He took the 
     presidency of a fine university with a distinguished history 
     in its state and its region, and determined to make it one of 
     the nation's truly great institutions. And he succeeded, 
     beyond what any observer could have predicted or foreseen.
       Now Terry would be the first to say that he did not do that 
     all by himself. Many others, many gathered here today, were 
     important in this endeavor, but his leadership was crucial.
       Terry had extraordinary political skills--political in the 
     best sense of the word--which he used in the state, in the 
     university, in the senate: the power to persuade, the ability 
     to bring people together to accomplish shared goals, an 
     uncanny sense of strategy, and patience coupled with 
     determination and leavened by humor.'
       At a time when politics is held in less than good repute by 
     many in our country, it is worth celebrating a man for whom 
     politics was a true vocation, who excelled at it. There's an 
     essay by that name. ``Politics as a Vocation,'' which was 
     written in the dark aftermath of World WAr I in Germany by 
     Max Weber, who was himself a statesman and a teacher. And he 
     said: ``Politics is a strong and slow boring of hard boards. 
     It takes both passion and perspective. Certainly all 
     historical experience confirms the truth that man would not 
     have attained the possible unless time and again he had 
     reached out for the impossible. But to do that a man must be 
     a leader, and not only a leader but a hero as well, in a very 
     sober sense of the world.
       Terry Sanford was, in truth, a leader-hero. That word re-
     echos around this Chapel today. As one of his successors in 
     this office, I have learned more than I could possible 
     describe from Terry's example and from his wise counsel. From 
     the very first time we met for breakfast soon after I came to 
     Duke, when he looked me over with that piercing but kindly 
     glint in his eye and gave me some extraordinarily sage my 
     perspectives on my new university and my new state, to the 
     last time I saw him, just a few weeks ago when I went to his 
     house to ask his advice about the great bonfire controversy 
     that raged at Duke this spring, he was an unfailing source of 
     staunch support, friendly advice, and regular inspiration.
       As President, ``Uncle Terry'' was especially close to the 
     students. He felt, and he said, that the students were the 
     whole point of the institution. At breakfasts, at parties at 
     his house, just by walking around the campus, he drew his 
     strength as president from the exuberance and the freshness 
     of the undergraduates. He did so remembering the importance 
     in his own life of a great leader of his alma mater in his 
     student days--Frank Porter Graham. One of Terry's legendary 
     moments, Herculean in its implications, came when he swayed 
     the Cameron Crazies, at a time when their cheers had become 
     especially obscene and ruthless. He wrote to them as Uncle 
     Terry, and appealed to them to be more clever and less gross, 
     to be ``devastating but decent.'' And they responded, with 
     greetings of exaggerated courtesy to our friends from Chapel 
     Hill, with loyal halos, and with respectful jibes at the 
     referees saying, ``we beg to differ.''
       He believed in giving students a great deal of power within 
     the university. He put them, for example, on Trustee 
     committees, and he asked of them in turn a high degree of 
     responsibility; and they responded affectionately and 
     admiringly. The list of Terry's accomplishments as president 
     of Duke is long

[[Page H3600]]

     and very impressive--the buildings he built, the programs he 
     instituted, the Fuqua School of Business, the Institute of 
     the Arts, the Talent Identification Program, the Mary Lou 
     Williams Center, the Institute of Policy Sciences, which now 
     bears his name, and many more. But he was especially proud of 
     the Bryan Center, the student center, which he called the 
     ``living room of the university.'' He wanted all students at 
     Duke to have a good experience, to make friends, to enjoy 
     their time. When two of his administrative colleagues came to 
     tell him that Duke could not afford to build the student 
     center, and that it was time to tell the board this news, 
     Sanford said: ``then you'll also have to explain to them why 
     I'm no longer president.'' Needless to say, a way was found 
     to build it.
       Terry Sanford also cared deeply about employees. He wrote a 
     policy statement shortly before he left office in which he 
     emphasized that ``Every person who works at Duke is vitally 
     important to Duke. We are all Duke University people. Our 
     employees' welfare and creative contributions are intertwined 
     with Duke's excellence and success. Working at Duke, in 
     whatever capacity, must be a satisfying way of life. We are 
     each an individual part of one of the great institutions of 
     America.''
       Leaders who care deeply about individual human beings 
     sometimes find it hard to focus on institution-building, and 
     leaders who have built institutions have sometimes worked in 
     abstractions and knew little of the people who were part of 
     those institutions. But Terry was amazingly able to bring 
     those two aspects of leadership together. He understood that 
     institutions are made up of individual human beings. They are 
     not bloodless abstractions. He also understood that 
     individual human beings need good institutions in which to 
     live and to work and to flourish. He cared about the state of 
     North Carolina, the government of his country, the United 
     States Senate, the School of the Arts, the School of Science 
     and Math, and Duke University. We are all better, and 
     stronger, and more optimistic about the future, because of 
     the lasting legacies of Terry Sanford's life and leadership.
                                  ____


              Remembrance at the Funeral of Terry Sanford

 (By Daniel P. Blue, Trustee of Duke University and Former Speaker of 
                   the N.C. House of Representatives)

       To the wonderful Sanford family and the extended Sanford 
     family, I come to remember and commemorate the single most 
     important North Carolinian in my lifetime and perhaps the 
     single most important North Carolinian of this century.
       When I was 24 years old with a wife and young son and two 
     weeks experience practicing law, Terry Sanford came to visit 
     me in my office. He walked in, closed the door, sat down. He 
     could tell I was nervous. After all, who wouldn't be if you 
     had a former governor, the president of the university from 
     which you had just gotten your law degree and the single 
     partner in a law firm that had just blazed a new path in this 
     state by being among the first to hire an African-American 
     lawyer, come in the office.
       Well, after giving me a little fatherly advice on the 
     practice of law, Terry told me, he said, ``I came over here 
     to check on you, see how you're doing. These fellows will 
     treat you all right. If they don't, let me know. And let me 
     know if there is ever anything I can do for you.'' It was his 
     law firm of course--Sanford, Cannon, Adams and McCullough, at 
     the time. And I later learned that Terry had placed a call to 
     the senior partners in that firm and told them that he had 
     observed this Duke law student and he wanted them to 
     interview me, which was tantamount to telling them ``come 
     hire me.'' So, after we had talked a while, Terry also did 
     the greatest tribute, I guess, to a young lawyer. He assigned 
     me to one of the major cases in the firm, directly answerable 
     to him and two of the other main partners in the firm.
       Later, as time went on, not only with me but other people 
     in the firm, Terry consistently urged us to be politically 
     active and he urged me to run for the North Carolina House of 
     Representatives, and I did. Later on, as a U.S. senator, 
     Terry learned that I was interested in being speaker of the 
     House of Representatives and he called and he said, ``You 
     know, people will call you and they'll tell you why you can't 
     do it for various reasons. Some of them will be obvious to 
     you. Some won't. You ought to listen, be courteous to them, 
     acknowledge their interest and concern, then go on about 
     tying down those who are going to support you and do it.'' 
     And you know, with his help.
       The fact that I stand before you today, as a farm boy from 
     Robeson County, one who embodies all of those things that 
     Terry Sanford did and meant for North Carolina, and as I 
     stand to help remember one who is considered one of the 10 
     greatest governors in America during this century, it's a 
     clear measure of how far we have come and how far Terry 
     Sanford has led us. You know, the amazing, almost mystical 
     thing about Terry Sanford, as one of his former law partners 
     told me, was his ability, the rare knack, to get ordinary 
     people to do unordinary and extraordinary things.
       We reflect a little bit, those of us who grew up in North 
     Carolina in the Sixties, on a different climate, but we also 
     wonder whether our brethren in North Carolina were much 
     different than our brethren throughout the region during 
     those turbulent times, or were we blessed in the Sixties with 
     the kind of the leader who did not reflect a lot of the 
     sentimentalities and the sensibilities of the people as much 
     as he shaped them and elevated those sensibilities?
       Thirty-five years ago, in neighboring states in the South, 
     Ross Barnett in Mississippi closed gates, shut doors to 
     prevent James Meredith from entering the University of 
     Mississippi. At about the same time Gov. Faubus from Arkansas 
     closed gates, shut doors, to keep students from integrating 
     the public schools in Little Rock. At about the same time, 
     Gov. Wallace from Alabama stood in the schoolhouse door to 
     block entrance, to close the gates. In Virginia, schools 
     closed, people were denied, gates came down.
       And at about the same time, Gov. Terry Sanford in North 
     Carolina boldly generated the resources to improve public 
     education for my generation, helped establish our statewide 
     system of community colleges for my generation, created the 
     North Carolina School of the Arts, created the Governor's 
     School in Winston Salem, created the Learning Institute of 
     North Carolina, increased teacher pay, started the North 
     Carolina Fund, and established the Good Neighbor Council to 
     discuss racial issues in the state during those tense times.
       He had a vision to see across the landscape of 
     hopelessness, hate, distrust and despair: to look through the 
     hills, that existed at the time, or racism, of economic 
     deprivation and all of those things that he clearly could see 
     across, and see a gate of opportunity for all North 
     Carolinians, for all Southerners, for all Americans.
       In fairness, I will say this, one quarter of a century 
     later, Gov. Wallace repented and we know, those of us who are 
     believers, that the Lord has said there will be more 
     rejoicing in heaven over one sinner who repents than over 99 
     righteous person who do not need to repent. But with due 
     respect to heavenly custom, Lord, I would say that down here 
     in North Carolina there is more rejoicing over one righteous 
     person, a righteous man, who need not repent for any position 
     that he took in times of trial or in rough decision.
       If I have known any man who has made a difference in my 
     life and in the lives of so many North Carolinians, who 
     believed in people and who was impervious to the pressure of 
     other people's prejudice, it was Terry Sanford. I'm speaking 
     as just one of the people who own him a tremendous debt of 
     freedom and gratitude. I told my children as they asked me 
     many years ago when they were looking at Duke, that Terry 
     Sanford was reason enough to look because he was a man who 
     was at least two generations ahead of his contemporaries. The 
     older I get, my friends, the more I know I need to revise 
     that. Terry Sanford was a man who was at least three 
     generations ahead in his vision of my generation.
       So, let me say, if you will permit me to use this 
     opportunity, offered by the power of this pulpit and the 
     honor of this occasion, to discharge a personal duty to Terry 
     Sanford, to do for him in his afterlife what he did for us as 
     lawyers who had the privilege of practicing with him, what he 
     did for us as North Carolinians and as Americans--offer a 
     short, persuasive recommendation for admission. And I would 
     start it by saying, Dear Lord, open your gate wide for Terry 
     Sanford. He opened gates for me. Dear Lord, open your gate 
     wide for Terry Sanford, he opened gates for all of us here on 
     earth. Oh Lord, open wide your gate for Terry Sanford, he 
     never closed a gate on anyone. He never kept the gate closed 
     on anyone. God bless him.
                                  ____


              Remembrance at the Funeral of Terry Sanford

    (By Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans, Chair of The Duke Endowment)

       A man from Durham County called me and asked, ``Do you 
     think we could come to Terry Sanford's services. He was my 
     friend.'' I'm sure he's here today because all of us know 
     that we are all his friends. That man knew that all of 
     Terry's friends were real, they were forever and they were 
     sincere.
       And as a citizen of Durham, I have to express gratitude for 
     what he meant to this community. This became his home. He 
     recognized Durham's egalitarianism, and he enhanced its 
     peoples reaching out for each other. As a result of his 
     historic achievements, Terry Sanford changed the face of 
     North Carolina. For those of us who worked with him through 
     the years, Terry Sanford was our hero. We referred to 
     ourselves as being part of the family. He made us feel that 
     we were on his magic carpet and that he expected us to do 
     things we never dreamed we were capable of.
       The image of North Carolina as that special state, which 
     stands out in the South as its most progressive and 
     inventive, was created by Terry Sanford. He had golden 
     aspirations for it and he made them come true. He was 
     convinced that there was no fence which could be built that 
     North Carolina could not reach and climb. So he established 
     the goals and led the state to its place of honor.
       Just think of some of the institutions--some which have 
     been mentioned already, but I have to say again--we watched 
     him build: Governor's School for academic achievers; the 
     North Carolina Fund, one of the nation's first poverty 
     programs; the community college system; a public policy 
     institute at this university; the establishment of the 
     American Dance Festival that he brought to this state; and of 
     all audacious achievements, the North Carolina School of

[[Page H3601]]

     the Arts, a conservatory for talented professional aspiring 
     young people unique in the South, and in many ways unique in 
     the nation, which is already graduating Oscar nominees and 
     winners.
       As president here, Terry Sanford threw open the windows of 
     Duke University--open to the state, the nation and the world. 
     He reminded this institution of its great North Carolina 
     history as Trinity College and brought its alumni back into 
     the fold. He sensed the founders' dreams and carried them 
     out. He emphasized Mr. Duke's vision. Known by many students 
     as ``Uncle Terry,'' he listened to students and challenged 
     them with new opportunities. When he was here at Duke as 
     president, Terry Sanford said, very wisely, ``there is never 
     an end to building an institution.''
       He never stopped building and he never stopped dreaming and 
     even in the last few months, he was planning an institute for 
     the arts in the Triangle. Looking back, we realize that 
     almost every one of his great achievements was concerned with 
     youth, as well as with the disabled, minorities, the under 
     served and under privileged--not only helping them in groups, 
     but caring about them and reaching out to them as 
     individuals. He cherished the teachings of his parents and he 
     lived a life based on his Sunday school lessons. There was a 
     particular sweetness about his love of the Methodist Church 
     and of this state and always there was Margaret Rose by his 
     side. Thank Good for Margaret Rose.
       As we face the days ahead with a lost feeling, we know that 
     in addition to being an icon, he was a comfort. Just knowing 
     he was nearby gave us a sense of security. Steven Sender 
     wrote that the truly great are those who in their lives 
     fought for life and who wore, at their hearts, the fire's 
     center. Terry's fire will never go out, but we must vow to 
     carry on his fight to make the world better for everyone--for 
     all the people. We must never let him down. So call out the 
     trumpets and celebrate the life of this great man who was our 
     great friend.
                                  ____


                       Terry Sanford Remembrance

(By Judge J. Dickson Phillips, Jr., Senior Judge, U.S. Court of Appeals 
                          for the 4th Circuit)

       Margaret Rose, Terry, Betsee, Helen, Mary Glenn, friends 
     all. I last saw him in the hospital just before he left and 
     he wanted to go home. He greeted me then, both feebly and 
     with effort, as he had a thousand times during our 
     intertwined lives--the raised hand and twinkly smile, the 
     same song, Dixon. From there my memories of him run back at 
     least 65 years, give or take a few either way, the boyhood 
     days in Laurinburg. Our mothers were both Virginia-born 
     school teachers. They had been lured to Laurinburg, so one of 
     our Virginians once suggested, for the dual purpose of 
     bringing some Virginian intelligence and learning to the N.C. 
     backwoods, and perhaps, God willing, improving the Scotland 
     County gene pool. Both of them, faithful to their missions, 
     married good young men of the town, raised their families 
     there and lived long lives as friends until Miss Betsy died 
     at 99, a few years before my mother died last year at 98.
       Both of them almost to the long end of their widowhoods in 
     the houses in which Terry and I were raised lived before 
     going separately off to college and away in the mid-30's. So, 
     I look back and down the long road of his life and 
     accomplishments as recounted by Jim and Mary and Dan, some 
     portions of which it was my good fortune to share--in the 
     close knit airborne units of World War II and law practice, 
     and political battles. In moments too few, in retrospect, of 
     simple fun and foolishness. I look back to the beginnings 
     long ago.
       In looking back it all seems very simple to me. Why he was 
     what he was, and did what he did and persevered to the end. 
     He did it because he took an oath when he was 12 years old 
     and kept it. It started out, ``On my honor I will do my best 
     to do my duty to God and my country,'' and then included such 
     things as help people at all times. It's hard to believe, but 
     he believed it. He was the eternal Boy Scout, it is just that 
     simple. He was a true believer, not a heavy breathing true 
     believer but a true believer in the Frank Graham mold--that 
     it's better to light a candle than to curse the darkness--
     That you should not take counsel of your fears, that the 
     fundamental requirement is to do justice, to love mercy and 
     remember that you are mere mortal in the eternal presence, 
     that on the earth's last day if you should happen to be 
     there, the thing to do would be to plant a tree or write a 
     book or start building something worthwhile.
       Of course, he was more complicated than that. Of course, he 
     didn't always succeed. Of course, he was capable of 
     occasional miscalculations and errors of judgment in public 
     and private affairs. Of course, he was prey for the usual 
     human failures. But on the essentials, for the long run, in 
     good times and bad, he kept the oath about as well as can be 
     kept by one in the heavy engagements of an active, 
     uncloistered life. The simple compass held him true on course 
     until the end. That is why in the world he liked to quote 
     about his great personal and political friend, Kerr Scott, 
     ``He plowed to the end of the road, his furrow was deep.'' 
     Airborne all the way.
                                  ____


              Excerpts From the Terry Sanford Remembrance

   (By Joel L. Fleishman, Professor of Law and Public Policy at Duke)

       Terry Sanford was a great-spirited, great-souled man, a man 
     of passion, a man with a conscience that had real bite, a man 
     of loyalty. But most of all, Terry Sanford was a creative 
     genius, but a thoroughly practical one, who transformed 
     everything he touched into something finer, better, worthier 
     and more useful to the world. If I had to call him by any 
     single phrase, it would be ``the great transformer.''
       At a time when most Southern governors were engaged in 
     shameless, vicious race-baiting, Terry Sanford staked his 
     political career on achieving equality of opportunity without 
     regard to race, and thereby transformed, really transformed, 
     public discourse in North Carolina.
       The great transformer, what was his secret? What were the 
     qualities of mind and character that enabled him to achieve 
     those feats? First off, he genuinely cared about people. 
     Secondly, he never let things get to him. Over 47 years, I 
     never saw him get angry but once. That was when a state 
     trooper on duty at the Governor's Mansion inadvertently let 
     it be known to a reporter that, get this, alcohol was being 
     served upstairs at the mansion, and Terry was furious that 
     his mother might discover that he took an occasional drink.
       He stuck to his word. Unlike so many persons who occupy 
     political roles, Terry Sanford did not change his mind or his 
     tune depending on what those with whom he was talking wanted 
     to hear or according to the views of those with whom he had 
     talked most recently. If he made a decision and committed 
     himself to you, you could count on the fact that he would 
     stick to it and not be persuaded out of it.
       How could he do that? Because he had real values, bedrock 
     values; he believed in things. He acted on those beliefs. And 
     he served those values with the most amazing energy I've ever 
     encountered in anyone. He was literally indefatigable. It was 
     not only boundless, but it was never-ending, showing itself 
     even as he fought the last battle of his life against cancer.
       One is forced to ask, why? Why did Terry Sanford pour so 
     much of himself into his quest for a better society, in his 
     efforts for others? One time, Terry and Bert Bennett, who's 
     sitting here on the front row, were out on the road 
     campaigning with Margaret Rose, and they were all being 
     subjected to the same old, cold green peas and chicken and 
     equally tasty rhetoric from some of the local politicians. 
     Margaret Rose was complaining to Bert that Terry was gone 
     from home all the time, little Terry and Betsee were moaning 
     about missing their father. Bert slipped a note to Terry 
     which said, Why do you continue to stay in this business 
     anyway? Terry fired back a note with the following words: to 
     keep the SOBs out!
       It was the ideals which drove him. I know of no public 
     figure who has demonstrated such consistent fidelity in his 
     ideals over a lifetime than Terry Sanford did. Most of us 
     change as we grow older, get a little more radical sometimes, 
     more often we get a little more conservative. But his 
     devotion to his ideals didn't waver one whit over those 47 
     years.
       In another extraordinary respect, Terry was unique among 
     all those of my acquaintance. He had an unquenchable thirst 
     for ideas from everyone, which led him to seek out persons of 
     all stations and conditions of life with whom to consult. 
     Indeed, his life was a never-ending pursuit of the best ideas 
     from as wide a circle as possible about how to solve the 
     problems of concern to him or indeed them. He was resolutely 
     determined to resist becoming the captive of his long-time 
     friends, his campaign workers, his kitchen cabinet. It goes 
     without saying that he was always loyal to them and they had 
     access to him, but that inner circle was perpetually 
     refreshed over the years by hundreds of others whom he sought 
     out and drew in on a continuing basis. He had the most 
     remarkable thirst for new ideas of any man of action I've 
     ever known, and that had to be the key to many of those 
     innovations for which he is so justly credited.
                                  ____


            Eulogy Delivered at the Funeral of Terry Sanford

 (By the Rev. Thomas Langford, Provost Emeritus at Duke University and 
                  Former Dean of Duke Divinity School)

       Everyone here possesses his or her own memories of Terry 
     Sanford; each of us has our own sense of friendship and 
     achievement; each has a story to tell. And we were reminded 
     of this as we heard these moving and delightful stories of 
     those who knew him well.
       Terry stood at the intersection of the local community and 
     an expanding world. He always began at home--a dutiful son, a 
     family man, a proud Methodist, and a committed North 
     Carolinian. His loyalty was intense and generous.
       He asked that his commitment to the Methodist Church be 
     especially mentioned. He was, he said, an active Methodist 
     (this description, of course, is redundant. Anything Terry 
     did, he did actively). He reminded us that from his local 
     church he had also participated in the regional and national 
     life of his denomination, and that he thought that was 
     significant.
       Our commitments express who we are, and so with Terry. From 
     roots deep driven, new growth came forth, limbs extended and 
     spread. Not leaves alone, but fruit was borne and passed life 
     to others. We respected Terry Sanford.

[[Page H3602]]

       Here, O Lord, is one of your special treasures whom we 
     return for your safe keeping.
       Terry's achievements have been immense. You've heard them 
     recounted: a loyal son of the state, a loyal son of his own 
     university, and a loyal president of Duke, a loyal citizen of 
     the nation, and a loyal friend.
       In his retirement, he kept doing what he had always done, 
     and conceived an institute for the arts, which would bring to 
     this state activities that were nationally important in both 
     dance and drama.
       In all the things that we have heard, Terry Sanford added 
     quality to our lives. We followed him with gladness.
       Here, O Lord, is one of our special treasures whom we now 
     return to thee for your safe keeping.
       Terry possessed confidence, and he recognized the 
     competence of others. His own reach was extended through 
     others exercising their abilities.
       How many of us owe some aspect of our life or hope or 
     ambition to Terry's encouragement? He was always with people. 
     He enjoyed people, he enjoyed the relationships, he enjoyed 
     organizing people around a purpose. He was a people person. 
     And we enjoyed his company.
       Here, O Lord, is one of your special treasures whom we now 
     return for your safe keeping.
       To recall Terry is to recall Margaret Rose, Terry, Jr., 
     Betsee, their family. You really cannot think of one without 
     the other. Margaret Rose. What words are adequate? Helpmate, 
     faithful, patient, supportive, creator of relationships, 
     sharer of hopes, constructive critic, companion. All of these 
     and more.
       But the family was not small. It has extended and been 
     extending so that many of you think of yourselves as part of 
     the extended family. All of us share this loss. We were drawn 
     into his companionship.
       Here, O Lord, is one of your special treasures whom we now 
     return to your special keeping.
       Grace, at times, comes in human form. Remember God's own 
     best gift was in human form. Terry has walked among us, and 
     we have relearned that human life can express love and 
     loyalty, justice and hope; that humanity can possess passion 
     and compassion, friendship and challenge, and, now, death and 
     resurrection.
       We are thankful for Terry Sanford. We remember him with 
     gratitude, with admiration, and with joy.
       Here, O Lord, is one of your special treasures whom we now 
     return for your safe keeping.
                                  ____


   Tribute to Terry Sanford Delivered at the N.C. Democratic Party's 
Jefferson-Jackson Dinner, April 25, 1998, By Thomas Lambeth, Executive 
                 Director, Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation

       Let me begin by saying that while this is a time of 
     sadness, Terry would not want that sense to prevail tonight. 
     He would have found joy in the presence of all of you, old 
     friends and new friends, and special satisfaction in the 
     presence of the great lady who is our speaker [former 
     Governor Ann Richards of Texas] and whose politics were his 
     politics and he would have sat here with admiration and pride 
     for our governor whose political roots were his roots.
       We have been reminded often in recent days of the sense of 
     humor which was always with him. Those of us who visited with 
     him in recent weeks know that it was there as long as 
     consciousness remained. When asked once why he stayed in 
     politics given all of its travails, he said ``I stay in to 
     keep the SOBs out.'' He would want us reminded of that high 
     calling once again.
       The essence of Terry Sanford's leadership is found in one 
     compelling strength of his character as a leader: he paid to 
     us his fellow citizens the ultimate compliment--he asked us 
     for our best.
       He asked that because he believed we are capable of giving 
     our best and because he knew that North Carolina was worthy 
     of no less.
       This is an event tonight which pays tribute to him in a 
     special moment against a long tradition of paying tribute to 
     two great leaders of the Democratic Party. Terry would agree 
     with Jefferson that the ``whole art of government is being 
     honest; simply strive to do your duty and know that history 
     will give you credit where you fail;'' and his career 
     reflects that great strength which North Carolina's own 
     Gerald Johnson found in Andrew Jackson--``he knew the 
     people's problems and he made them his own.'' Terry's own 
     Democratic roots went back to childhood. He remembered well 
     walking in a torchlight parade in Laurinburg when he was 
     eleven, holding high a banner which said ``Me and Ma Is For 
     Al Smith.''
       Yet, to fully understand his political commitment as to 
     fully understand the man, one has to see him as what he was 
     first and foremost: a North Carolinian. He would be 
     comfortable with the words of Jefferson and Jackson but you 
     know him best in the words of Aycock and Vance. He believed 
     with Aycock that the role of the Tar Heel leader was ``to 
     speak the rightful word and do the generous act'' and his 
     politics of a lifetime demonstrated his conviction that Vance 
     was right when he said that North Carolinians are ``a people 
     of sober second thought.''
       His ambitions for North Carolina were in the minds of some 
     outrageous but in the mirror of history courageous and sound. 
     He knew a secret about this place that Aycock knew and Vance 
     knew: that there is an audacious bent to our character that 
     drives us to achieve greatness against all the odds. So there 
     they are: a School of the Arts, a Governors School, a 
     statewide Community College System, an Institute of Policy 
     Studies, a Museum of Art, a state symphony, a Council on 
     the Status of Women and private and public colleges and 
     universities that are secure among the best in the 
     nation--there they are for everyone, for every child, for 
     every mind and for every heart.
       He said to us that we will create here a tradition that 
     says we can set our goals by how bold we are in our dreaming 
     and how strong we are in our doing and excellence is the aim 
     of all our endeavors.
       If at times North Carolina was not with him, he was always 
     with North Carolina and, in the spirit of Aycock and Vance 
     and his own mentor Frank Graham, he never doubted that in the 
     course of time he and North Carolina would be together. It 
     was not so much an act of faith as a statement of the depth 
     of his understanding of his fellow Tar Heels--an 
     understanding grounded in more than half a century of going 
     to them where they were.
       All of Terry's statewide campaigns--as several drivers here 
     tonight remember well--had to involve a 100 county tour. He 
     lived most of his adult life in urban centers and he was 
     excited by them but he was formed by a small town and in a 
     time when very wise men and women could explain North 
     Carolina as a collection of media markets, he never forgot 
     that it was also Burgaw and Burnsville, Mann's Harbor and 
     Mooresville, Southport and Sparta. His politics were people. 
     ``But What About the People'' was not only the title of a 
     book he wrote, it ws the theme of his public service and it 
     was always important to him to be with people in those places 
     where they live--where the richness that is North Carolina 
     abides.
       It is rare to find a public figure with such a lifetime of 
     achievement, FBI agent, combat paratrooper, state senator, 
     governor, University President and US Senator. To all those 
     he brought not just a rich and creative intellect but a 
     mighty heart and the kind of courage of which greatness is 
     born.
       And always there was the belief in his fellow citizens. 
     Nothing is more characteristic of that belief that his choice 
     of the title to give the network created by him to deal with 
     the challenges of desegregation in the 1960s--he called them 
     good neighbor councils. If people could just see issues of 
     race as a matter of living together as neighbors even that 
     challenging a time could be made good.
       Terry Sanford helped to give us our sense of our own 
     greatness. What he led us to believe about him is not really 
     so important. What is important is what he led us to believe 
     about ourselves.
       So if we are truly to pay tribute to him tonight we will 
     help others, especially young people, to understand that 
     politics can be a noble ambition, that the people's business 
     is a blessed career and that it has never been the politics 
     in people that was wrong, only sometimes the people in 
     politics. He would want young people to believe that service 
     to their fellow citizens demands courage and intelligence and 
     faith in each other and that such service is worth a lifetime 
     of devotion.
       His own life of public service is a powerful answer to 
     those who doubt the capacity of free men and women to 
     undertake difficult tasks, to preserve their freedom, to find 
     harmony and respect amid diversity.
       To those whose pursuit of selfish ends left poverty and 
     despair in their wake as they argued about limited resources 
     he said, but what about the people.
       To those who ignore or squander the talents of that 
     majority of our population which is female, he said but what 
     about the women?
       To those who stumbled at the price tag of progress, he said 
     but what about our children?
       To those who cast fear in front of reconciliation, he said 
     but what about our dreams?
       And if he were here to speak to us tonight, as we mourn his 
     loss and share the bittersweet memories of our time with him, 
     he would say . . . but what about tomorrow?
       Terry was a fascinating combination of scholar, practical 
     politician, combat paratrooper, and Boy Scout. All of that is 
     captured for me in the memory of that day thirty eight years 
     ago when he filed for Governor. He was armed with all the 
     practical tools of a good candidate: county organizations, 
     major endorsements, and an understanding of how far he could 
     go without leaving the people behind him. Yet he made certain 
     that his young aide knew as he went out that morning that in 
     his pocket to pay his filing fee was a check written by his 
     crippled and dying friend O. Max Gardner, Jr., . . . on his 
     finger was a paratrooper ring . . . and up under his lapel 
     was a Frank Graham for Senate button.
       But what about tomorrow? In the days and years to come men 
     and women, young and not so young, will answer that question 
     in their own ways in countless endeavors strengthened by his 
     memory and enriched by his inspiration for service and if you 
     look closely you will see, under their lapels, another 
     button.
       It will say Terry Sanford, still at work.
       God bless Terry Sanford. God bless North Carolina.
                                  ____


          [From The Wall Street Journal Thurs, Apr. 23, 1998]

                  Terry Sanford Made a Real Difference

                          (By Albert R. Hunt)

       Last weekend, the phone call came from Duke University--my 
     wife is an alumna and

[[Page H3603]]

     trustee--to say that Terry Sanford had died. It brought back 
     many powerful recollections and thoughts about politics and 
     government.
       Back in the early 1960s, when I was a young college student 
     at Wake Forest, there used to be raging debates over whether 
     the ``Negro'' had basic rights. Terry Sanford gave an address 
     calling for equal opportunities and an end to segregation in 
     public accommodations. This was a Southern governor speaking, 
     before Selma. Lyndon Johnson and the great national debates 
     over public accommodations and voting rights had broken the 
     ground for him.
       Terry Sanford then became one of my heroes. When he died 
     last Saturday at the age of 80, he still was.
       A few years ago a Harvard survey named him one of the 10 
     top governors of the 20th century. As president, he turned 
     Duke into one of America's greatest universities. ``Terry 
     Sanford was a creative genius,'' his dear friend Joel 
     Fleishman said in an eulogy yesterday, ``who transformed 
     everything he touched into something finer, worthier and more 
     useful to the world.''
       He deeply believed in the power of government, properly 
     channeled, to do good. Politicians interested in leadership 
     should study the life of Terry Sanford.
       Shaped by the Great Depression, this native North 
     Carolinian was awarded a bronze star as a paratrooper in 
     World War II, fighting in the Battle of the Bulge. Bill 
     Friday, a Sanford friend and occasional rival as the 
     president of the University of North Carolina, remembers 
     those postwar times at Carolina Law School: ``When our 
     generation came back from World War II, there was a 
     noticeable sense of commitment that we were going to change 
     things and make things better for North Carolina. Terry was 
     our leader.''
       Inspired by Frank Graham, the legendary president of the 
     University of North Carolina. Terry Sanford and his allies 
     became the apostles for change. In 1960, after endorsing John 
     F. Kennedy, a Catholic, for the Democratic presidential 
     nomination and battling segregationists in the Tar Heel 
     State, he was elected governor. The battle cry throughout 
     most of the South those days was states' rights, a code 
     phrase for racism. Terry Sanford instead preached and 
     passionately practiced states' responsibilities.
       On race, he never bowed to the racial demagoguery. He hired 
     blacks, pushed for more job opportunities, launched a model 
     antipoverty program, and integrated the state parks with his 
     secretary of commerce, Skipper Bowles, father of the current 
     White House chief of staff, Erskine Bowles. North Carolina 
     avoided much of the racial animosity that afflicted 
     neighboring states.
       It would be a generation before he could win a statewide 
     race again, but he left a much deeper legacy. ``Southern 
     politician (like Terry Sanford and former Florida governor 
     Leroy Collins) paid a great price for their courage,'' 
     remembers Eugene Patterson, a former newspaper editor and 
     Duke professor. ``But I don't know what the South would be 
     today without them.'' Remember, this was a decade before New 
     South governors like Jimmy Carter and two decades before Bill 
     Clinton's governorship.
       Rather than closing schools or standing in schoolhouse 
     doors, he became the nation's ``education governor,'' 
     creatively working with foundations and the private sector to 
     bridge gaps and build an asset base for the future. He 
     started a school for the arts and the Governor's School for 
     gifted students. He significantly improved higher education 
     and, perhaps most importantly, built a community college 
     system; there were only five community colleges when he took 
     office, but he led a more than tenfold expansion.
       This has been indispensable to the prosperous North 
     Carolina of today, from the fabled Research Triangle to the 
     megalopolis of Charlotte, one of the nation's financial 
     centers. ``Without the community college and his other 
     educational reforms we wouldn't have had the people with the 
     skills to attract these businesses to North Carolina,'' notes 
     the younger Mr. Bowles. ``He really led our state into the 
     20th century.''
       He remained an activist when he took over the presidency of 
     Duke in 1969 during the turmoil of the antiwar years on 
     campus. When students threatened to take over the 
     administration building, President Sanford replied: ``Go 
     ahead. I've been trying to occupy it for a month.''
       Back then Duke was one of the best Southern universities. 
     When Terry Sanford departed as president 16 years later, it 
     was well on its way to becoming one of the half dozen top-
     ranked schools in America. ``Terry believed that Duke should 
     have `outrageous ambitions,' '' noted its current leader, 
     Nannerl Keohane--and then he achieved them.
       Among his many accomplishments--expanding the world-class 
     medical school, starting a top-flight business school, more 
     than doubling undergraduate applications and attracting a 
     higher-quality and more diverse student body--Terry Sanford 
     again was a racial trailblazer, hiring African-American 
     faculty members. Vernon Jordan recalls that the first 
     commencement speech he gave at a non-black Southern 
     institution was in 1973 at Duke, at Terry Sanford's behest. 
     The day he became president, a quota on Jewish admissions was 
     terminated.
       During that period, Terry Sanford made two ill-fated and 
     mercifully short attempts at running for president. If only 
     he had known how to win, he would have been a great 
     president. In 1986, he was elected to the U.S. Senate, but he 
     was defeated six years later.
       In his last years, he remained a powerful proponent of the 
     importance of government in improving people's lives. Many of 
     the innovative state governors over the past 30 years drew 
     from the Terry Sanford experience. On the federal level, 
     government bashing is a favorite pastime, but Terry Sanford 
     surely would remind us to think about Head Start, or the 
     Internet, or cutting the poverty rate among the elderly by 
     two-thirds over the past three decades, or the world's 
     greatest military or the best national parks or the Centers 
     for Disease Control and Prevention, or the 20 American Nobel 
     prize winners in the past three years who were funded by the 
     National Science Foundation. That's government.
       Those are lessons that young scholars at Duke's Terry 
     Sanford Institute of Public Policy will learn for years. When 
     thousands said goodbye yesterday, there was a powerful 
     symbolic aspect, appreciated by those who know of the intense 
     academic, social and athletic rivalry between the University 
     of North Carolina and Duke, only 11 miles apart. Terry 
     Sanford became the first son of Chapel Hill to be buried in 
     the Duke chapel.
                                  ____


                       `A Conscience With Bite'--

 Terry Sanford showed that one fearless leader can make millions brave

                           (By David Gergen)

       When doctors at Duke University discovered in December of 
     last year that Terry Sanford had inoperable cancer, they told 
     him he had 90 to 120 days to live. ``I'm not giving up,'' he 
     replied, ``because I learned how to live with much worse odds 
     during the war. Now, I don't want you to give up, either.''
       Ever gallant, ever hopeful, the former governor and 
     university president entered his last struggle. On April 18, 
     he finally lost, but as thousands of mourners gathered at the 
     Duke chapel last week, they remembered with joy the many 
     other battles he had taken up and won on their behalf. They 
     knew his journey had a significance far beyond his own 
     beloved state: He taught us once again--at a time we need 
     reminding--how much a single, fearless leader can do to 
     release the energies of a democratic people.
       Over coffee at his home shortly before he died, Sanford 
     returned time and again to his youth and war experience. He 
     talked of his roots in a rural town and his continuing pride 
     in having become an Eagle Scout. ``That probably saved my 
     life in the war,'' he said. ``Boys who had been scouts or had 
     been in the CCC [the Civilian Conservation Corps of Franklin 
     Roosevelt] knew how to look after themselves in the woods.''
       Learning courage. As with many of this century's leaders--
     Harry Truman was one, George Bush another--Sanford discovered 
     his own personal bravery in combat. He had to talk his way 
     into uniform (``they rejected me the first time because of 
     flat feet'') and wound up a paratrooper. He jumped into 
     France just after D-Day, survived that horrendous winter of 
     1944-45, fought in the Battle of the Bulge, and came home a 
     decorated hero.
       ``We become brave by doing brave acts,'' Aristotle wrote, 
     and so it was with Sanford. Elected governor of North 
     Carolina in 1960 and limited by law to a single term of four 
     years, he was so effective that later on, a Harvard survey 
     recognized him as one of the 10 best American governors of 
     the century. Long before other governors, especially in the 
     South, he invigorated public schools, built community 
     colleges, attracted research investments, and created centers 
     of artistic excellence. But above all, he stood up 
     courageously for civil rights.
       In Mississippi, Gov. Ross Barnett shut out blacks; in 
     Arkansas, Gov. Orval Faubus; in Alabama, Gov. George Wallace. 
     Only in North Carolina and Georgia did governors insist that 
     blacks had rights, too. With the Klan on the move, Sanford 
     created Good Neighbor Councils across the state, asking 
     prominent blacks and whites to work together in pursuit of 
     better schools and jobs. His popularity was damaged, but he 
     defused the crisis and helped liberate the state from the 
     shackles of racism.
       Sanford himself was the first to credit valorous black 
     leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., John Lewis, and Rosa 
     Parks for the civil rights revolution. Yet progress would 
     have been even bloodier and more painful had it not been for 
     a few white leaders who also put themselves at risk by 
     embracing the cause.
       Terry Sanford didn't live by the polls, as nearly every 
     ``leader'' in Washington now so slavishly does; he lived by 
     his own sense of right and wrong, learned back in a little 
     town. And he stuck to it, regardless of personal risk. In his 
     funeral service last week, where his long years as president 
     of Duke and as a U.S. senator were also celebrated, his 
     friend Joel Fleishman said he had ``a conscience with bite.'' 
     Exactly.
       Sanford, like Lyndon Johnson, believed that racism was not 
     only dividing blacks from whites but also dividing the South 
     from the rest of the nation. By freeing people from its 
     scourge, everyone in the region would have a better chance to 
     grow. Indeed, that captured much of his political philosophy: 
     A leader's role is to raise people's aspirations for what 
     they can become and to release their energies so they will 
     try to get there.
       When Sanford became governor, as Fleishman pointed out, his 
     state was 49th among the 50 states in per capita income; 
     today it is 32nd and rising. More than that--as so many 
     natives will attest--hate is giving way to decency, pessimism 
     to hope. A

[[Page H3604]]

     single leader, brave and idealistic, liberated the best in 
     his people.

  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from North 
Carolina (Mrs. Clayton).
  Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me 
and also thank him for his leadership in arranging for this special 
order honoring a great American.
  Kahlil Gibran asked this question: Are you a politician who says to 
himself I will use my country for my own benefit, or are you a devoted 
patriot who whispers in the ear of his inner self, I love to serve my 
country as a faithful servant?
  With regard to Terry Sanford, his accomplishments speak for 
themselves. He served North Carolina and the Nation at large in a 
variety of roles: FBI agent, Army paratrooper, Democratic Party 
Convention delegate, governor, Duke University president, presidential 
candidate, and U.S. Senator with distinction and honor. He sincerely 
loved to serve his country.
  This truly faithful servant weathered some of the most turbulent 
storms of the century, his moral accomplish never wavering. Terry 
Sanford faced crisis and adversity head-on, never afraid of doing what 
was right and just, even though those actions had high personal as well 
as political costs.
  Terry Sanford was gifted with a unique combination of virtues: 
caring, courage, and vision. He cared deeply about all of North 
Carolina's citizens and was courageous enough to buck tradition and 
ignore conventional wisdom in order to seek out what he knew was best 
for the Old North State, North Carolina.
  Terry Sanford was progressive before it was popular to be 
progressive, especially in the South. North Carolina was at a 
crossroad, with monumental opportunity for progress or peril.
  Terry Sanford had a vision, one which he made a reality during his 
tenure of Governor from 1961 to 1965. This vision is clearly 
articulated in his Inaugural Address. He said ``Today, we stand at the 
head of the South, but that is not enough. I want North Carolina to 
move into the mainstream of America and to strive to become the leading 
State of the Nation. I call on all citizens to join with me in the 
audacious adventure of making North Carolina all it can and ought to 
be.''
  Keeping true to this vision, he fought poverty, illiteracy, and 
segregation in creative and innovative ways.
  Terry Sanford created a statewide anti-poverty initiative known as a 
the Carolina Fund, which President Lyndon Baines Johnson used as a 
model for his War on Poverty.
  He took a great risk and pushed through a political unpopular, but 
very necessary, very practical legislation through the North Carolina 
State General Assembly expanding the 3-cent sales tax to include food 
in the name of education.
  He conceived and implemented the first statewide system of community 
colleges, as well as establishing the North Carolina School for the 
Arts, the first residential, State-supported college devoted solely to 
fine arts.
  He established the Good Neighbors Council, later known as the Human 
Relations Council, to provide a public forum for racial issues during a 
time of significant unrest.
  His vision extended to projects like the Research Triangle Park, 
which is now one of the premier high-tech areas in the country. He 
worked diligently to attract companies to that area with IBM being the 
first to establish there.
  He was ever the eternal optimist, seeing only the best in North 
Carolina and seeing the best in all human beings. He continued to push 
the State to new heights and challenge the individuals to be all that 
they could be and should be.
  John Fitzgerald Kennedy remarked ``A man does what he must, in spite 
of personal consequences, in spite of obstacles and dangers and 
pressures.''
  Terry Sanford did what he had to do as a Bronze-Star winning member 
of the 82nd Airborne, as Governor, as Duke University president, as a 
U.S. Senator. No matter what he did, he did his duty. He always fought 
to do that which is right. And he always fought the good fight.
  Confucius said, ``He who exercises government by means of his virtue 
may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all 
the stars turn towards it. Terry Sanford was Polaris, the bright North 
Star, shining in the darkness of the sky, like a beacon. He blazed 
trails, on which many of us now follow, his unwavering virtue as a 
testament of his caring for people and his commitment to his State.
  All of us who knew Terry Sanford thought of him as our friend as well 
as our mentor. Therefore, it is our challenge to keep his vision alive 
as we, indeed, respond to new opportunities and revisit old 
opportunities and challenges. Let us celebrate his life and his 
accomplishments through our present and future actions, to be as Terry 
Sanford was, to fight the good fight.
  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Cumberland 
County, North Carolina (Mr. McIntyre).
  Mr. McINTYRE. Mr. Speaker, I am happy to represent Cumberland and 
Robinson and seven other counties that are in our home area, 
particularly because, as I thank my distinguished dean of our 
delegation, the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hefner), and 
distinguished colleague, and join these other distinguished colleagues 
from the Tarheel State, because Terry Sanford did spend much of his 
time in our congressional district that I represent currently, in 
Fayetteville and Fort Bragg, and grew up in the town not far west of my 
hometown of Lumberton in the neighboring district of the gentleman from 
Laurinburg, North Carolina (Mr. Hefner).
  When we think about Terry Sanford, we think about the influence, I 
would dare say, from another angle of an educator, knowing that his 
influence was, indeed, infinite; that a great educator knows how to 
pass on his ideals from generation to generation; that he can improve 
and uplift the lives of scores of other folks long after the original 
teacher has moved on or passed on. Terry Sanford was the consummate 
educator and, fortunately, for us, his influence is, indeed, infinite.
  A few weeks ago, when I joined my distinguished colleagues, not only 
from North Carolina, but other colleagues who serve in government and 
education and civic activities and church activities and in the 
military and from so many other spheres of influence back home in North 
Carolina and also here in Washington, we had 2,000 people gathered in 
Duke Chapel to honor a man whose power and influence was not only while 
he was sitting in the offices that he held, and we have heard the 
laundry list of those great offices tonight, but also by his influence 
personally.
  When we think about those who were touched by him, we cannot help but 
think about the students at his beloved Duke University, where he was 
affectionately known as Uncle Terry. As an educator, they love nothing 
more than to see his boundless energy and exuberance that comes with 
youth.
  He was blessed throughout his life to influence folks of all ages but 
especially the young in my generation, to empower scores and scores of 
young people, to be involved, yes, in politics, but beyond politics, to 
be involved in their communities, to be involved in serving their State 
and their country and whatever their calling might be.
  When Terry Sanford entered into the North Carolina Governor's mansion 
in 1961, North Carolina ranked next to last in national per-capita 
income and was mired in the social and racial morass that plagued all 
other southern States. At a time when other governors across the South 
resigned themselves to the moment and were closing the door to all but 
a selected few in society, Terry Sanford opened the door.
  He saw through the fog of hatred and repression and put North 
Carolina on a course where it is today, a leading center for technology 
development in the South, and now a State that ranks among the top 30 
in the Nation for per-capita income.
  The resources that he helped generate to improve public education 
were for all North Carolina students and established a statewide system 
of community colleges so that every student in the North Carolina 
public schools would have that opportunity to attend an institution of 
higher learning.
  I dare say that the HOPE Scholarship passed by this body just last 
year in North Carolina would have not been anywhere nearly as 
meaningful if it were not for the fact that this crowning jewel in 
Terry Sanford's tenure as Governor came to being during his watch, our 
great community college system.

[[Page H3605]]

  Indeed, Sanford's commitment to education led to his moniker as the 
original education Governor. It also led to the creation of the North 
Carolina School of the Arts, the Governor's School in Winston-Salem, 
the Learning Institute of North Carolina, the North Carolina Fund, and 
also higher teacher salaries for men and women who play such an 
integral role in the lives of our children. When we think about the 
opportunity for education, for economic development, we think about 
Terry Sanford.
  Terry Sanford loved challenges. He loved also to issue them because 
he was a master at challenging people in a manner that would ultimately 
result from those around him realizing greatness themselves or at least 
recognizing that the things that they sought to achieve were, indeed, 
obtainable.
  Terry Sanford taught us that democracy is not a spectator support. He 
spoke often of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, 
two documents that serve as both the cornerstone and foundation of our 
Nation and government. These two documents are filled with words such 
as ensure, promote, establish, provide, and secure, words that, as 
Terry Sanford himself pointed out in his own writings, and I quote, 
connote action and all suggest, he said, that we must constantly be 
striving to improve the opportunities of all people.

                              {time}  1930

  Terry Sanford set a high bar in that effort. While some politicians 
see political office as an end to a means, the fulfillment of a desire 
for their own fame or power, Terry Sanford viewed it purely as a means 
to an end. He viewed public office for what it should be, as the most 
effective means to fix what was wrong, to serve the public, to improve 
the lives of citizens of North Carolina and the South, and, indeed, the 
United States. His unfaltering belief in people, his rock-solid 
fidelity to his ideals and values, his boundless energy in fighting for 
those ideals and values, proved to be the right mix for nearly half a 
century of public service that has left so many positive marks on our 
State and, indeed, our Nation.
  Yes, Terry Sanford set a high bar, but he never did appreciate easy 
challenges, and nothing would please him more than for us to pick up 
that challenge and to aim for that bar, no matter how high it may be 
set, so that we ourselves can attain those things which seem 
unattainable, for it is in that quest that we will undoubtedly 
recognize achievements that we may have thought were impossible; it is 
in that quest that we will provide a better life and improved 
opportunities for the people we represent; and it is in that quest that 
we will ensure that the legacy of a man instrumental in the history and 
future, not only of our great State of North Carolina, but, indeed, of 
our great Nation, lives on forever, just as the teachings of a true 
educator should.
  I thank the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hefner) for yielding 
to me.
  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from North Carolina 
(Mr. Watt).
  Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for 
yielding time and for taking out the time to honor our friend and 
colleague Terry Sanford.
  Before I do that, I want to pay special tribute to the dean of our 
delegation, who, much to the consternation of all of our Members, has 
decided that he is stepping down after this term in Congress. We are 
going to miss him immensely for the wonderful contributions that he has 
made to the State of North Carolina and to our country.
  But, of course, tonight is not about the dean of the delegation. We 
are going to take out a special order for him and roast him when the 
appropriate time comes.
  I want to spend a few minutes this evening talking about my friend, 
Governor-Senator-President Terry Sanford. It is really hard to know 
where to focus your attention when you talk about Terry Sanford because 
there are so many wonderful contributions that he made to the State of 
North Carolina and to our country.
  You could take any one of these contributions and devote long, long 
periods of time, much more time than we have this evening, to talk 
about them, whether you were talking about his role as a war hero; or 
his role as the champion of public education, who initiated numerous 
programs to support public education in North Carolina and was 
instrumental in having the budget for education, public education, grow 
in North Carolina by leaps and bounds during his tenure as Governor; as 
the person who originated the idea of community colleges in North 
Carolina and nurtured them; or as the person who established the 
Nation's first Governor's School, to provide free educational and 
enrichment to gifted and talented high school juniors and seniors, 
which 100 other programs now exist in 28 States copying that program; 
or as a champion and great supporter of the arts and arts education, 
and the person who conceived the idea and nurtured the idea of a North 
Carolina School of the Arts which has turned out so many wonderful 
artistic people, professionals, outstanding artists, performing artists 
and dancers and the whole range of artists in our Nation; or as the 
Governor who was ranked as the 20th Century's Most Creative Governor by 
Harvard University; or as president of Duke University; or as a member 
of the United States Senate.
  You could select any one of those things and talk for hours on end 
about the contributions that Terry Sanford made to North Carolina. But, 
having put those things in the record and heard my colleagues talk 
about some of them, I want to focus on one thing that I think for me 
personally is the mark of this man.
  Imagine yourself in the early 1960s in the South, governors standing 
in the doors of schools to keep black students from integrating those 
schools; governors saying we are not going to allow our higher 
educational institutions to accept black students; demonstrations 
taking place throughout North Carolina and throughout the South for the 
opportunity for black people to sit at lunch counters and sit in 
restaurants and eat; and all throughout the South, governors were 
taking the position that ``We are going to take the course of maximum 
resistance.''
  But in North Carolina, Governor Terry Sanford was serving from the 
years 1961 to 1965, and Governor Terry Sanford stood up as one of the 
only southern governors at that time and said, ``Black people are 
Americans, and they deserve rights that are guaranteed to American 
citizens under our Constitution.'' He took a leadership role on that 
front, and North Carolina is a different State today, the perception 
and reality of North Carolina are different today as a result of that 
stand.
  During his term as Governor of the State, he appointed more 
minorities to government posts in his administration than any of his 
predecessors had ever done before.
  There was a time in 1963 that I enrolled at the University of North 
Carolina. It seems so long ago when I showed up on that campus, and I 
had three white roommates assigned to room with me in a four person 
room. And by the end of the day, every single one of them had moved. 
That is the atmosphere that we were operating in in North Carolina and 
in the South at that time.
  Terry Sanford stood up and said, ``We will abide by the law. 
Minorities are citizens. They deserve the protections of the law. They 
deserve the protections of the Constitution,'' and North Carolina is a 
different place as a result of that.
  So among all of these things that I could focus on about Terry 
Sanford, for me as a member of the minority race in North Carolina, for 
others who are minorities in North Carolina, for others who like to 
brag about the progressive image that North Carolina has, for others 
who understand that all of us are created equal, Terry Sanford is our 
hero. Terry Sanford stood up when other people were sitting down on the 
job.
  For that reason, I want to thank my colleague, the senior member of 
our delegation, for giving us the opportunity to say these few words 
about our deceased friend, Terry Sanford. I hope that we will remember 
those impassioned positions that Terry Sanford took, and remember that 
not long before he died, in an interview he said, ``We almost have the 
same problems we had then. Race is far from solved, despite what people 
say. Children are

[[Page H3606]]

still neglected. The working man is somewhat improved, but he still 
puts in more than he gets out.''
  That is what Terry Sanford stood for, making sure that working 
people, minorities and every single citizen in North Carolina got what 
he deserved, and the benefits of being an American citizen and a North 
Carolinian.
  I yield back to my good friend, the dean of our delegation.
  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, I now yield to the former Superintendent of 
Education in North Carolina, now the Congressman from North Carolina 
(Bob Etheridge).
  Mr. ETHERIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend, the dean of our 
delegation. As my colleague from the 12th District said, we are going 
to miss you greatly, but we will talk about you later.
  I am honored this evening to have a few moments to speak about my 
good friend and a friend of many, Terry Sanford.
  The first time I remember hearing Terry Sanford speak was at my 
commencement exercise as I graduated from college. I had heard of Terry 
Sanford, the man of vision, but he had a special way of letting you 
feel special, and challenging individuals to really get involved in 
their State and their Nation.
  But tonight I would say that Terry Sanford was not simply a great and 
admired politician. He was one of the most accomplished Americans of 
the 20th century. I remember listening to his eulogies at the funeral 
several weeks ago, and I could not help but think that those eulogies 
coming about an individual who served four years as Governor, not four 
terms, four years, serving one term in the United States Senate, 
serving as a college president, could have been for five or six people 
for the things that he had accomplished, because Terry Sanford served 
his State and his Nation with enthusiasm, with bravery, and with 
distinction in so many ways.
  He fought for his country as a paratrooper in World War II and was 
decorated any number of times, and he was proud all of his life of the 
time he served his Nation in Normandy and all across Europe. He served 
as an agent with distinction in the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 
During those times he could have been exempted from serving in the 
military, but he did not. He wanted to serve.
  As you have heard this evening, he served as a statesman in the North 
Carolina General Assembly, and there he laid the foundations of many of 
the things he would do later as Governor and as Senator to improve our 
State.
  As Governor of North Carolina for only four short years, he laid out 
a record of improving public education that is unparalleled anywhere in 
this country. He expanded educational opportunities, as you have just 
heard, for all North Carolinians, no matter what a person's race, creed 
or economic opportunities might happen to have been. Maybe that came 
because Terry Sanford's mother was a teacher, and she encouraged him 
and she really instilled in him the great need for public education, 
for which he gave her much credit throughout his life.
  Terry Sanford was a guiding force in building one of the finest 
community college systems, in my opinion, in this country, and you have 
heard about that this evening.
  I think Terry Sanford deserves a great deal of credit for creating 
the first State-sponsored residential training school for the 
performing arts in the United States, at a time when no one would have 
thought it would have been created in the South. The North Carolina 
School of the Arts, which can now say they have in their list of 
graduates individuals who have received the Oscar in acting, who have 
received many Emmys, and they came through the School of the Arts 
created during his administration.
  Governor Sanford had a distinct and heavy responsibility, and was one 
of the people who helped create the Research Triangle Park that is one 
of the leading parks in this country, that employs thousands of people 
in North Carolina every day.

                              {time}  1945

  He created the Governor's School, as my colleagues have heard, that I 
had the real privilege as superintendent to oversee during my term 
there, and it provided opportunity for over 400 bright and creative 
young people every year at two sites to get an educational opportunity, 
and it has been modeled across the country. He created the Education 
Commission of the States that now helps educators, governors and chief 
State school officers work together to improve education in this 
country, a legacy that is so important.
  Governor Sanford, as my colleagues have heard, was one of the 
southern governors of his day, I would have to say, that was rated as 
one of the top 10 governors in America by Harvard. But as the gentleman 
from North Carolina (Mr. Watt) said, one of his great legacies was that 
he was one of the, maybe the only, there may have been others, but the 
only southern governor who was the first to stand up and look in the 
ugly face of racism and say, no more, and it will not happen on my 
watch in my State. And he deserves a great deal of credit for that.
  Mr. Chairman, as President of Duke University for 15 years, he 
transformed a regionally known, small southern university into a world 
leader in medicine, law, religious studies, education, and the arts. 
Today, Durham, North Carolina is known as the City of Medicine, and 
they are known for that in my opinion because Terry Sanford provided 
that engine in Duke University in that great medical school.
  As a United States Senator from 1986 to 1992, Terry Sanford fought 
tirelessly and selflessly to improve the lives of his fellow citizens 
through fighting to improve again public education, promoting racial 
healing, and fighting to eradicate poverty as he had at the local 
level.
  After he left the Senate, he did not go home and start collecting his 
coupons or rest on his laurels, he started two law firms. My goodness, 
that would be a lifetime for anyone. He did it in the short years after 
leaving the Senate. He lectured on public policy issues at Duke 
University in the public policy institute building that currently bears 
his name. And most recently, he led a $100 million fund-raising 
campaign to create a world class performing arts center, an institute 
in North Carolina.
  Terry Sanford exemplified the best qualities mankind has to offer, 
and we owe a debt of gratitude for his undying service to his native 
State and to his fellow Americans. Terry Sanford provided a guiding 
light for a whole generation of educators, public servants, and other 
State and national leaders. He was and will remain a beacon for all 
good things about humanity and about being an American. God bless Terry 
Sanford, his family, his State, his Nation, and all of those who, like 
me and my colleagues on this floor tonight, who have stood on his broad 
shoulders.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from the eighth district, the dean 
of our delegation, for organizing this hour. I thank him for this 
opportunity to say a good word about our good friend, Terry Sanford.
  Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Speaker, as dean of the North Carolina delegation, I 
would like to say a few words on behalf of a man whose friendship and 
professional generosity has meant a great deal to me.
  Terry Sanford was at different points in his life a practicing 
attorney, State Senator, governor of North Carolina, President of a 
major university, a United States Senator, a civic leader, novelist, 
father and husband, and a true entertainer. In fact, one could live 
one's whole life without meeting a man that had his range of talent.
  But then, Terry was no ordinary man, he was really a bit of a legend; 
and there were a lot of stories that circulated about Terry Sanford and 
some of them were funny and some of them were sad, but there was one 
story that was told to me about when Terry was campaigning for 
governor. He went up into the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina, 
and there was a bunch of mountain folks sitting around an old country 
store and he went in and he introduced himself, and this one fellow 
said Terry, he said, I would like to know how you feel about some 
subject, and Terry said, why, you know how I feel about that. I have 
told the people across this State, I bet I have told them 100 times how 
I feel about that. And the guy said, well, we just wanted to hear you 
say it.

[[Page H3607]]

  Neither one of them actually knew what the question was, but Terry 
Sanford had the capacity to laugh at himself and to be serious and get 
the job done, doing things what he called the North Carolina way. He 
once asked the people in our State to join him in an audacious 
adventure of making North Carolina all it can and ought to be, and 
then, true to his word, he spent the next 40 years showing us how. I 
want to emphasize that last statement: Showing us how. Because the 
ability to lead by doing was not only the mark of this man's career, it 
was the bedrock of his character.
  When he was governor of North Carolina in the 1960s, Terry played a 
risky card by taking the race issue head-on, as my colleague so 
mentioned. It did not matter to him whether it was popular or not and 
he did not look at all the polls and the focus groups and what have 
you, he just felt a moral responsibility to it. Where a lot of men go 
soft, he drew a line in the sand. He took the issue of racism above 
politics, even though the politics of a lot of southern governors at 
that time was fear, and he challenged us not to just know better, but 
to stand up and do better, and that challenge did not end with just 
race.
  He once said that North Carolina could only be as great as the 
poorest among us. He believed he did not have to have power or money to 
get an education, and he pushed for increased funding of public 
schools. In fact, he funded the State's first community college system. 
This was a saying that stuck with me: Develop the mind, he said. 
Develop the mind, and the job will follow.
  At that time the North Carolina Constitution barred the governor from 
succeeding himself, so Terry left to take a job running Duke 
University, and for 10 years he used his touch to make the school 
famous across the world. He started a school of public policy and 
doubled the size of the medical program, and at a time when a lot of 
presidents of colleges were under attack and did not have the respect, 
but the students loved him, they loved Terry Sanford. And at his 
urging, even the student section at Duke University, which was famous 
for its colorful language, they even toned it down a notch because 
Terry was such an influence, and they could be heard shouting, we beg 
to differ, we beg to differ when the referees made a decision that they 
did not agree with.
  In 1987 he was elected to the United States Senate, and I remember it 
very well. We stood at the mill gates and we went all across my 
district and we met with a lot of people and there was a commercial 
that came out, and this lady, and of course Terry was then 70 years 
old, and this lady came on and she was berating Terry Sanford, 
``Terrible Terry Sanford,'' for raising the food tax. And he kind of 
turned it around and made a joke out of it and he referred to it as 
that  commercial with that whiney old woman on it. And he did not mean 
any disrespect, but he wanted to point out how ridiculous it was for 
all of the things that was accomplished in his administration, and he 
got the name, right or wrongfully, I think wrongfully, of ``Terrible 
Terry,'' and it went with him to his grave.

  In 1993 he went back to private life and took his work ethic with 
him. He wrote books on policy, started a novel, opened a second law 
firm, as my colleague alluded to, served on a dozen corporate boards, 
and became director of the Outward Bound program, as well as a 
participant. In fact, at 63 years old, he broke a bone in his back 
during a hiking trip in Oregon when he jumped off a 40-foot cliff into 
the river, which he admitted that was bad judgment at the time.
  When the doctors told him that he had cancer and gave him 2 months to 
live, he told his family, do not worry, I will beat it. If anybody 
could have beaten it, it would be Terry. We have a motto in North 
Carolina that is on the State seal. It is a simple one, but I like it 
best because it cuts right to the point, and it means, ``to be rather 
than to seem.''
  Terry Sanford followed that motto for his State, he followed it for 
his country, for his friends and his family, and he made it a goal the 
rest of us could not only shoot for, but believe was possible. For 
that, Terry, for your guidance, for never turning back, and for asking 
us to be brave, we are eternally in your death. I think I speak for 
every person in the State when I say that as much as your achievements 
have changed our lives, we will remember them forever in our heart.
  There is a great old verse from a gospel song that I think just fits 
Terry Sanford and it goes something like this:

       I'll meet you in the morning with a how-do-you-do, and 
     we'll sit down by the river, and with rapture our 
     acquaintance renew. And you're going to know me in the 
     morning by the smile that I wear, when I meet you in the 
     morning in that city that is built four square.

  Enjoy your rest, Terry. You will be dearly missed, and you have been 
a great influence on so many people in this great country, and your 
being on this Earth for these years, you have truly, truly made a 
difference.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi).
  Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for calling this 
special order about a very special person, Terry Sanford. I am very 
moved to hear the words of my colleague, and as our other colleagues 
from North Carolina as they extend condolences and pay tribute to Terry 
Sanford.
  The gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hefner) is right. Terry 
Sanford was a very, very special, unique person. We were blessed, those 
of us who had the privilege to know him and the people of North 
Carolina were indeed blessed to have him as their governor and their 
United States Senator. As we all know, he loved North Carolina, and he 
loved the people that he served there. He loved them so much he wanted 
the best for them, and that meant an end to racism and support for 
education for all children. Of course, that was his political lifelong 
endeavor.
  Terry Sanford, one of the reports of his passing said that he died as 
he had lived, surrounded by new projects to be involved in, but we all 
know that he had died as he had lived also being surrounded by his 
magnificent family and so many friends, and my condolences on behalf of 
my constituents to Margaret Rose and to Terry's wonderful family, his 
children and his grandchildren on his passing.

                              {time}  2000

  He has made a significant difference in the lives of people across 
the country, not only in North Carolina, because he served as a model, 
a real model as a southern Governor. He transformed the southern 
governorship. He, more than anybody, brought the South into a modern 
era in terms of education and fighting to end racism.
  I first got to know Terry well, although I admired him from afar, 
when we were both running for chair of the Democratic National 
Committee. Neither of us won. I ended up throwing my support behind 
Terry, and still neither of us won, but he ended up being a United 
States Senator and I ended up being a Congresswoman from California, so 
we do not think we did too poorly, as it all turned out. But I was 
very, very proud of our friendship, and was the beneficiary of much of 
his political wisdom and advice in the course of that race, and 
subsequent to that.
  Of course, after that he went back to become the head of Duke 
University, of which he was very proud. He said, ``Of all of the things 
that I have done, the fulfillment of my professional life was Duke. I 
went there with a concept and I think with a mandate. I went out to 
make it a nationally recognized school,'' and of course, he did. The 
institute there, the Sanford Institute, is named for him, the Institute 
of Policy Science, Political Science Affairs, as the gentleman 
mentioned.
  Terry first started getting involved in politics when he was 11 years 
old. His first taste of it came when he was marching in a torchlight 
parade for presidential candidate Al Smith in 1928 in Laurinburg, North 
Carolina. He carried a sign that read, ``Me and Ma is for Al.'' So he 
had it in his system, that fever in the blood, early on about it being 
very appealing, and also wanting to be a public servant.
  Ironically, when I said that we became friends running for chair of 
the National Committee against each other, but became very fast friends 
after that, ironically, Hubert Humphrey had offered Terry the job of 
Democratic National Chairman in 1969, but Terry turned it down at that 
point. It was probably not to be.

[[Page H3608]]

  At any event, he had bigger things in mind, and that was really the 
education of the children of North Carolina at every level, including 
higher education, and in the Senate, to be a fighter, and he was a 
peacemaker, bringing peace in Central America; again, fighting for 
education for all of America's children, and an end to racism.
  We could probably all go on for a long time talking about him, 
because he was a very special person. In the course of our lives in 
politics we work with many people whom we respect and we admire, but we 
all have to admit, as wonderful as we think each other is, that there 
are some people who are very special, and Terry was one of those. One 
of the sad things, I think, is that he never became President of the 
United States. I always thought he would be such a great President.
  Instead, he brought his leadership, his scholarship, his dignity, his 
grace, his kindness, his love for people to the wonderful challenges 
that he had, which were not inconsiderable: Governor of the State, a 
United States Senator, and as he said, a president of Duke being his 
crowning glory.
  In some of the obituaries, his family has to take great pride and 
satisfaction in the obituaries that were written about him. But 
throughout his life I think he was held in such high esteem and respect 
that everybody knew when you worked with Terry Sanford you were working 
with somebody that was a true leader.
  It has been said that Terry Sanford set forth a standard for 
leadership as a Governor, university president, and United States 
Senator that few could equal. He leaves a progressive legacy to North 
Carolina, one of courage and one of hope.
  He demonstrated his courage by being one of the first Southerners to 
endorse John F. Kennedy for President, one of the first Senators to 
endorse a Catholic for President; and we all know the hope and courage 
many times over, but that is just one example. His legacy will long be 
felt among the young people of North Carolina, and for future 
generations to come. I consider it a privilege to have known him.
  Again, I express the condolences of my constituents, because in 
California he is well known and well respected. I extend their 
condolences, as well as those of my own family, to the Sanford family, 
and thank the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hefner) for allowing 
me to be part of this special order for our special friend, Terry 
Sanford.
  Mr. HEFNER. I thank the gentlewoman from California, Mr. Speaker. I 
would also like to thank all the people that participated tonight in 
these remarks about Terry Sanford, and for those that will enter 
remarks for the Record, it will be open for 5 days.
  Truly, this has been a time when people thought back to the things 
that Terry Sanford stood for, and we will always remember that Terry 
Sanford was a real remarkable man, and he will be a legend, as he 
should be, in North Carolina and in America.

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