[Congressional Record Volume 144, Number 64 (Tuesday, May 19, 1998)]
[House]
[Pages H3478-H3479]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
OPEN MARKETS, REMOVE SANCTIONS AND AGGRESSIVELY PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL
EXPORTS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Moran) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. MORAN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to address a serious
problem facing the First District of Kansas and, indeed, all of rural
America.
Over the past 2 years, prices for wheat and other major agricultural
commodities have been in a free-fall. Cash wheat today in Dodge City,
Kansas, closed at $2.86 per bushel. That is almost $2 less per bushel
than just 1 year ago and other commodities have experienced similar
price declines.
Soon the combines will start their annual trek north from the Great
Plains of Texas to Canada. If current harvest projections hold true, a
large U.S. wheat crop will put further downward pressure on already
depressed prices.
While there is no silver bullet, there are several important steps
the President and Congress can take to improve the economic outlook for
this Nation's farmers and ranchers. According to USDA, exports are
predicted to be down at least $4 billion this year. This is a clear
signal that Congress and the President must be aggressive in opening
markets and promoting agricultural exports.
We should start by using the tools we already have at our disposal.
Since
[[Page H3479]]
coming to Congress about a year and a half ago, I have communicated
regularly with Agriculture Secretary Dan Glickman on the importance of
using the Export Enhancement Program for wheat and flour. While wheat
flour and wheat exports have been seriously injured by European trade
barriers and sizable foreign subsidies, under USDA's current plan wheat
and flour will receive no assistance from EEP.
I know Secretary Glickman cares deeply about the problems faced by
Kansas wheat farmers, but I am concerned that he receives insufficient
support from the Clinton administration in implementing policy changes
that could assist agricultural producers. Recently Secretary Glickman
announced the use of EEP to combat specific injurious trade barriers.
While I support this action, I remain concerned that when the Europeans
spent $7.7 billion on export subsidies, the United States only spent
$56 million.
This is an example of what we face. The European Community is
spending almost $47 billion annually in 1997 in assistance and
subsidies to agriculture. Of that, about $7.7 billion is in assistance
and subsidies toward exports, while in the United States we spend only
$5.3 billion annually, almost an 8-time difference we face as a
disadvantage. And this line we cannot even see, this blue line, is what
we spend in assisting agricultural exports in this United States for
American agricultural producers.
We may not be waving the white flag in defeat, but we are certainly
far from putting up the necessary fight on behalf of the American
farmer. This is not to say that all efforts have been in vain. This
past year Secretary Glickman has been successful in increasing the GSM
102, export credit guarantee program, from $3 billion last year to
almost $6 billion this year. This support has been beneficial but much
more needs to be done.
Market access for agricultural products must also be improved. Our
farmers continue to suffer the consequences of foreign policy decisions
that shut them out of markets around the world. It is time for these
markets to be opened.
Wheat imports to North Korea, Cuba, Iran and Iraq have all doubled
since 1995 and now account for over 10 million tons of wheat. These
growing markets are off-limits to U.S. producers but not to Canadians
and not to Australian farmers. Our sanctions now wall off 11 percent of
the world wheat market, a segment larger than the lost sales of the
Soviet grain embargo several years ago. In today's global economy,
unilateral sanctions by the U.S. unfairly penalize our producers,
reward our competitors, and have little impact on changing behavior in
the target country. The American farmer is tired of paying the price
for failed U.S. foreign policy.
Mr. Speaker, the last farm bill asked American farmers to take
agriculture in a more market-oriented direction. But in order to have
true market orientation, we need markets. The only way to improve
prices on a long-term basis is to pursue aggressive, evenhanded trade
initiatives. The decisions made here in Washington, D.C. have real
world implications for agricultural producers. Now is the time to open
markets, remove sanctions and aggressively promote agricultural exports
to give our farmers a fighting chance. Mr. Speaker, it is time to
trade.
____________________