[Congressional Record Volume 144, Number 59 (Tuesday, May 12, 1998)]
[House]
[Pages H3078-H3079]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
THE MINIMUM WAGE INCREASE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentlewoman from North Carolina (Mrs. Clayton) is recognized for 5
minutes.
Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, Members in the Congress recently released
a report, ``Making Work Pay,'' by the Economic Policy Institute which
examined the impact of the increase in the minimum wage in the 104th
Congress to $5.15.
This report was most encouraging, concluding that increasing the
income of the working poor was good for them and good for the Nation's
economy. These report findings give strong support for a further
increase in the minimum wage. As some are aware, there is legislation
to increase the minimum wage to $6.15 an hour by the year 2000. We
should consider this legislation this year.
The last increase was during the 104th Congress by 90 cents over 2
years, from $4.25 to $5.15. The last time the wage was increased by
Congress before the 104th Congress was 1991.
Since 1991, the minimum wage remained constant while the cost of
living rose 11 percent. That is the cost for food, the cost for
transportation, cost for shelter and energy to heat our homes.
A single mother supporting two kids at a minimum wage makes $10.70,
$2,600 below the poverty line. The report demonstrates that raising the
minimum wage benefits primarily adult workers. The report indicates
that almost three-fourths, that is 71 percent
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of all minimum wage workers are adults over the age of 20. In addition,
nearly two-thirds, 58 percent of those adult persons are women. Also it
is twice as likely that the minimum wage worker will be from rural
communities than from urban communities.
We also know that greater than one-third, 36 percent of all minimum
wage workers are the sole wage earner in a family.
{time} 2015
Fifty-eight percent of all poor children have parents who work full
time. More than 4 million individuals worked at or below the minimum
wage in 1993, and another 9.2 million earned just above the minimum
wage.
The report indicates that some 10 million low-wage workers benefited
from the last minimum wage increase, ten million.
Increasing the minimum wage goes a long way towards helping the
millions of working poor in this country. An increase of $1 in the
minimum wage is an additional $2,000 for a minimum-wage worker working
full time year round.
Other recent studies on Federal and State minimum wage reform have
shown that an increase in the minimum wage can occur without having any
adverse effect on employment. A higher minimum wage can make it easier
for employers to fill vacancies and may decrease employee turnover.
A recent survey of employment practices in North Carolina, after the
1991 minimum wage increase, found that there was no significant drop in
employment and no measurable increase in food prices. The survey also
found that workers' wages actually increased by more than the required
change.
In another study, the State of New Jersey raised its minimum wage to
$5.05, while Pennsylvania kept its minimum wage at $4.25. The research
found that the number of low-wage workers in New Jersey actually
increased with an increase in the wage, while those in Pennsylvania
remained the same.
A report as of January 1998 showed that the employment in the fast-
food industry increased by 11 percent in Pennsylvania and by 2 percent
in New Jersey after the 1996 increase. They said that would not happen,
an actual increase in the number of workers in the fast-food industry.
The best welfare reform is a job at a livable wage. Raising the
minimum wage would make it easier for people to find an entry-level job
that pays better than a government subsidy and creates a strong
incentive to choose work over welfare.
In 1993, there were 117,000 workers in the State of North Carolina
that were working at below the minimum wage.
The American public supports a minimum wage increase. National polls
have found that close to two-thirds of all Americans favor increasing
the minimum wage.
Job growth in America is the lowest where the gap between the incomes
at the top and the lowest level is the greatest, so when we have such a
great disparity, we also have a low rate of job growth. Increasing the
minimum wage goes a long way towards closing the gap, helping to create
jobs rather than reducing jobs.
This important report, when combined with other empirical data, is
clear evidence that, indeed, it is good for people and good for our
economy.
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