[Congressional Record Volume 144, Number 34 (Tuesday, March 24, 1998)]
[House]
[Page H1413]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
URGING THE FEDERAL RESERVE TO LOWER INTEREST RATES
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a previous order of the House, the
gentleman from New York (Mr. Hinchey) is recognized for 5 minutes.
Mr. HINCHEY. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday of next week, March 31, the
Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Board will meet.
This is a critically important meeting, for out of this meeting the
FOMC will recommend short-term interest rates for the foreseeable
future.
There are urgings coming to the Federal Reserve now from monetarists
that watch the Federal Reserve Board, and those urgings are that the
Federal Reserve should increase interest rates. If they do so, that
would be a very serious mistake. It would be a serious mistake if these
times were ordinary or normal. But, in fact, they are not ordinary nor
normal, for we are beginning to experience the profound negative
economic consequences of the financial crisis that is sweeping across
east Asia. I say we are ``beginning'' to feel those effects, and we
will continue to feel them and the full brunt of those effects will not
express themselves on our economy until some time later this year,
perhaps within the next 6 months to a year.
The effect of the downturn result from this financial crisis in east
Asia is going to be to suppress prices, and it is estimated that it
will cost us substantially in terms of our own economic growth.
Our economic growth rate now, which is in excess of 3 percent, could
fall by more than 2 percentage points. In other words, we could be
experiencing economic growth of only 1 percent or, at worst, our
economic growth could fall into the negative range.
We can begin now to buttress our economy from the negative effects of
the financial crisis sweeping across east Asia if we act now. One of
the ways, one of the most important ways that we can act is for the
Federal Reserve now to lower interest rates. Interest rates at this
particular moment are high by historical standards, high in real terms;
in other words, high in terms of inflation. The inflationary rate
currently in our economy is essentially zero. We are experiencing
virtually no inflation whatsoever. Nevertheless, real interest rates
are abnormally high in that particular context.
Mr. Speaker, people will remember that in 1994 and 1995, the Federal
Reserve raised interest rates six times during that period. Back then,
that was a mistake and it cost us in terms of our economic growth. We
would have recovered from the recession more fully and more quickly if
the Federal Reserve had not raised those interest rates. But they did
so. And those raised interest rates now stand.
Mr. Speaker, we have interest rates today that are higher than they
ought to be, and the Federal Reserve should lower them. They should
lower them in any case, but particularly they should lower them in
light of the fact that we are going to feel these profound consequences
from the economic crisis sweeping across east Asia.
What are those profound consequences? They will be, as I have
indicated, a substantial loss in the rate of our economic growth. They
will have the effect of depressing prices for goods manufactured in the
United States. They will increase our trade deficit.
Mr. Speaker, the trade deficit in goods alone is already increasing
markedly, one might say dramatically. The trade deficit, for example in
January in goods alone, was $18.8 billion. That is a record for a
single month. We have never had a trade deficit for goods alone as high
as $18.8 billion ever before. That is up by more than a billion dollars
from $17.7 billion in December of last year. So we see already that the
trade deficit in goods is going up and going up substantially.
As that trade deficit goes up, as the full effect of the
overproduction in East Asia comes into our market, the price of our
goods is going to drop. That is going to cost us jobs. It is estimated
that the cost in jobs could be as much as 1 million. We could lose as
many as 1 million jobs in our economy as a result of the financial
crisis in east Asia if we fail to act.
One of the most important ways available to us to act to head off
this substantial loss in economic growth, the substantial increase in
the trade deficit, and the substantial loss in jobs is through our
monetary policy. The Federal Open Market Committee has the ability to
control monetary policy, and they can lower interest rates next Tuesday
when they meet.
I am now circulating a letter to the Members of the House asking them
to join me in this letter to the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board,
Alan Greenspan, asking him to exert his influence in the Federal
Reserve and in the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee to lower
interest rates. It is critical that we do so in order to head off the
dire consequences of this economic crisis.
____________________