[Congressional Record Volume 143, Number 118 (Tuesday, September 9, 1997)]
[House]
[Pages H7023-H7084]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
DEPARTMENTS OF LABOR, HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, AND EDUCATION, AND
RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 1998
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the order of the House on
Thursday, July 31, 1997, and rule XXIII, the Chair declares the House
in the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union for the
further consideration of the bill, H.R. 2264.
{time} 1124
In the Committee of the Whole
Accordingly the House resolved itself into the Committee of the Whole
House on the State of the Union for the further consideration of the
bill (H.R. 2264) making appropriations for the Departments of Labor,
Health and Human Services, and Education, and related agencies, for the
fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, and for other purposes, with Mr.
Bereuter, Chairman pro tempore, in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. When the Committee of the Whole House rose
on Monday, September 8, 1997, the bill was open for amendments from
page 11, line 1, through page 25, line 8, and pending was the amendment
offered by the gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. Souder].
Is there further debate on the amendment?
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to strike the
requisite number of words.
[[Page H7024]]
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without objection, the gentleman from
Indiana is recognized for 5 minutes.
There was no objection.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I would like to explain the content and
purpose of this amendment, which I strongly support.
This would increase OSHA's Compliance Assistance Program by 50
percent, $23 million over the recommended amount of $45 million.
Compliance assistance funding has been increased, but the increase has
been insufficient.
The increase in funding to this vital program would be offset by
decreases to funding for Federal enforcement funding by $21 million,
there is already $127 million for enforcement in the bill, and
executive direction and administration by $2 million, of which there is
$6.5 million in the bill.
So we would leave the bulk of the enforcement dollars there. We would
leave the bulk of the administration dollars there, but would put the
dollars toward what we promised to do when we got elected, and that is
to try to work more with the businesses and the workers at the
factories, at the small businesses and companies around this Nation, to
avoid accidents, serious accidents in particular, rather than do the
more harassing type of things that we have heard so many stories about
on the floor.
We have heard a lot from Members here about the importance of health
and safety laws. This is not a debate about health and safety laws,
this is a debate about how best to protect the safety and health of our
American workers. Is it better preserved by harassing or better
preserved by working together with the businesses?
We try to address these concerns in this amendment through onsite
consultation programs, by designated State agencies conducting general
outreach activities and providing technical assistance at the request
of the employers, training and education grants, fostering and
promoting voluntary protection programs that give recognition and
assistance to employers who establish occupational safety and health
programs, and the OSHA Training Institute. This amendment would reduce
the overhead and administrative costs. It is a clear tradeoff.
Mr. Chairman, I believe this is wanted. We have heard from Members of
Congress during this debate that we have a tremendous backlog. Why not?
In some States the demand for onsite State consultations for small
businesses is so high that a small business owner who has asked OSHA
for help can take up to a year for a consultation visit.
This is ridiculous. The businesses want to work to try to make their
environment safe, but cannot find out what they need to do. We need to
focus on prevention, rather than harassment.
Let me give you an example that we heard in the hearing with Mr. Dear
and talked about, the head of OSHA, in an oversight hearing.
There was a question about roofers and whether or not in asbestos
that if you are chewing gum while you are working on a roof, it
increases your risk. There was a rule put in fining businesses if their
employees were found to be chewing gum on the roof.
I am not sure what the point of this was, whether the businesses were
supposed to hire a gum Nazi, who goes up on the roof to try to find out
whether somebody is chewing gum, or every 20 minutes you haul the
people down off the roof and have a mouth inspection.
Mr. Dear's reaction was, yes, this regulation seemed a bit petty. The
focus should have been to have the companies tell the employees, look,
it is true; if you chew gum, you might inhale more through your mouth
than you should.
The problem comes when you put somewhat nonsensical rules in that are
impossible to enforce, businesses just give up. Instead, we have what
seems to be harassment on chewing gum or on other things, as opposed to
focusing on the type of tragic deaths we have heard about here on the
floor.
{time} 1130
This amendment would try to address that. We have debated last
evening and at the end of last week taking some of the OSHA funds,
which is an increase, and nobody proposed to eliminate OSHA, to cut
OSHA, and nobody was trying to wipe out the health and safety efforts
in this country.
What we are saying is, we do not think there is any evidence, and
nobody has disputed this, deaths have gone down whether or not Congress
has increased OSHA, cut OSHA, or kept OSHA flat funding. The way OSHA
currently works there has been no impact on the deaths.
We heard, well, we are going to try to do more in compliance. But we
wanted to move the increase over to vocational education. We were
defeated. We wanted to move the increase over to disabled students. We
were defeated. We heard about these great efforts to try to do
compliance. OK, here is an amendment that says, we clearly see from the
facts that the spending on OSHA has not had an impact on the rate of
deaths, so let us try to reform OSHA internally.
I believe that this amendment, like the others, is likely to get the
support of the majority of this party. I do not know whether this
amendment will pass, but an interesting thing is occurring. I want to
make, again, this point. What is happening in these amendments in title
I, and I think Members will see this in title II and I think they will
see this in title III and in title IV, is that the majority of our
conference is, to say the least, very uncomfortable with this bill. We
are concerned about the specifics of this. Most of us in this party
voted for the budget agreement.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
Souder] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Souder was allowed to proceed for 1
additional minute.)
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, as we go through this process we understand
we are going to spend more money. Now, the question is, Will it be in
new programs or old programs, and what will the priorities be within
this? That is what we are attempting to do here. It is not a
filibuster, but a genuine debate about the priorities. This amendment
moves it to compliance as opposed to enforcement.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to strike the
requisite number of words.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Wisconsin?
There was no objection.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, businessmen are a lot like politicians. There are good
ones and there are bad ones. This amendment risks torpedoing this bill.
Make no mistake about it, it is a killer amendment as far as this bill
is concerned.
Second and more importantly, it risks killing additional American
workers, and it risks seeing more permanently disabled workers. It
seeks to take a large amount of money from the enforcement provisions
of OSHA, and moves it instead into the voluntary compliance programs at
OSHA.
As I said twice before on this floor, Sylvio Conte, who used to be
the ranking Republican on this floor before he died, Sylvio and I were
the two Members of this House who held up all OSHA funding until OSHA
agreed to establish a voluntary compliance program. I am proud of that.
I am also proud of the fact that voluntary compliance has already
increased in budgetary terms over the past 3 years by 80 percent. But I
would point out that that has occurred at the same time that the
enforcement provisions, the enforcement budget for OSHA, has declined
by $10 million. I do not think it can afford to decline by more.
The result of this amendment will be to add literally decades to the
time it takes for the small number of OSHA inspectors in each State to
inspect each eligible business at least once. In Georgia it already
takes 277 years for OSHA to reach every business and inspect it once.
This will increase that number of years to 346.
Do Members really believe that is responsible protection for workers?
In Missouri it will increase the number of years it takes to reach each
business from 339 years to 424 years. I do not think that is
responsible. I would point out, this amendment does not even apply to
the gentleman's home State, the gentleman who offered the amendment,
because this amendment only cuts Federal enforcement. It has no effect
in States that have State-run programs.
So what it will mean is that it will cut enforcement protections in
my
[[Page H7025]]
State by about 25 percent, it will cut enforcement inspectors by about
that amount, it will do the same thing in the State of the gentleman
from Illinois [Mr. Porter] and in States like ours, but in States like
Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, or Minnesota, it will have no effect
whatsoever. That makes no sense. I doubt that is the gentleman's
intent, but that is the effect of it.
Second, I would point out, as I said earlier, there are good
businessmen and there are bad businessmen, just as there are good
politicians and bad politicians. The effect of this amendment is to
spend a lot more money reviewing the practices of the good guys, and it
gives OSHA a whole lot less capability to review the practices of the
bad guys.
I want to give Members just one example of why we need the twin tools
of enforcement as well as voluntary compliance. There was a corporation
in Maine called the DeCoster Co. DeCoster participated in a voluntary
compliance program under OSHA which allowed them to partner with OSHA,
rather than be subject to their traditional inspection enforcement.
But sadly, the country found out that DeCoster was a ``bad apple,''
and they manipulated that program. The company transferred a single
machine guard from machine to machine, taking pictures of each machine
with the guard attached. It then sent those pictures to OSHA, claiming
that the guards had been attached to all of the machines.
The company's actions were so egregious that the company was
ultimately hit by OSHA for enforcement, and they were hit with a $3.8
million fine, and deservedly so.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Obey was allowed to proceed for 5
additional minutes.)
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, the list of violations by that company is
stunning. They failed to properly guard machines. They failed to lock
up dangerous equipment when not in use. They failed to provide
respiratory protection for workers. They failed to provide protective
clothing.
DeCoster's workers were shipped in from south Texas and stranded in
inhuman conditions. They were forced to live with sewers that were so
backed up that they had to discard their used toilet paper in a trash
can. They were given a chance by OSHA to comply voluntarily, and they
misused and abused that chance, and that is why OSHA had to come in
with enforcement actions.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to read just three paragraphs from a
newspaper article entitled, ``A Shameful Legacy.'' It reads as follows:
The transgressions for this company date back nearly a
decade when the Federal Government fined him in 1988 for 184
workplace violations, including hiring illegal aliens. Last
year, OSHA inspectors found immigrant workers living in
cockroach- and rat-infested housing and forced to work in
hazardous settings. The violations included having workers
handle chicken waste with their bare hands.
Former Labor Secretary Robert Reich called DeCoster's
operation ``* * * as dangerous and oppressive as any
sweatshop I've ever seen.''
Now, it just seems to me that the responsible thing for this Congress
to do is exactly what the committee has done. We have provided an 11-
percent increase in the voluntary compliance operations at OSHA. We
have provided roughly a 1-percent increase for the rest of OSHA
operations, which means that in real dollar terms, the rest of those
operations will already suffer a real dollar reduction in terms of the
services they are able to provide.
We have already had a 17-percent reduction in the number of
inspections around the country under the new OSHA administration, under
Joe Dear. This amendment is really a gutting amendment. It guts this
bill. It guts the ability of OSHA to prevent additional fatalities by
being able to inspect and fine where they need to.
Mr. Chairman, I would urge the House on both sides of the aisle to
recognize the committee has produced a balanced approach to this
problem, and I would ask the House to reflect that same balance when it
votes on this amendment.
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of this amendment. I think it spells
out philosophically where we stand and where we think we should be
going in this country in a different priority, and where the dollars
are being spent within the setting of OSHA.
Nobody is asking for a cut or a reduction in OSHA spending in this
amendment, but it is a question of whether we are going to allocate our
dollars toward enforcement, or toward helping those good guy-bad guy
businesses that my colleague, the gentleman from Wisconsin, was talking
about, the good guy businesses, who are genuinely interested in the
safety and well-being of their work force, helping them understand what
they must do to reach that compliance.
I think it is real important that we note that the current numbers of
spending are about $45 million for helping the good guy businesses,
helping those people that are genuinely interested in improving the
safety of the work force, they get about $45 million of the OSHA
dollars, where the enforcement part is about $127 million.
This entire debate that has been going on in these amendments to this
particular appropriation bill has been about priorities of spending.
What we are saying here is that our priority is higher in helping those
businesses that are genuinely interested in reaching compliance and the
safety and well-being of their work force.
They want people to come in and show them areas where they could be
safer and could provide a better workplace for their work force. There
are not enough dollars currently to do that. That is why we are
suggesting we reallocate dollars from one portion of OSHA to another.
I think this fits very much in line with what has been going on the
last couple days as it relates to this particular appropriation bill. I
would like to bring my colleagues up to speed on the last three
amendments that we have voted on, and what the priorities of this
conference and the other conference are, because I think it spells out
where we stand and what we think is important in terms of where the
Federal dollars are being spent. We had one amendment that suggested we
take the increase in OSHA spending, and this is not a cut in OSHA
spending, but we take the amount that was increased and we move it to
vocational education.
The two conferences were very lopsided in their votes on this. The
Republican conference voted 155 to 156 to move the increase in OSHA
spending to vocational education; that is, take the increased dollars
from OSHA and move it over to an education program. The other side
voted 35 to 180.
There is a clear split here in the philosophy of these conferences as
to which issue and which program is most important that we spend the
dollars on; in this particular vote, an increase in OSHA spending, a
move to education, the Republican conference voted 2 to 1 to go ahead
and do that. The other side was almost unanimous the other way.
Another one we had, another amendment, was to increase spending,
again in the OSHA area, and move that to help disabled children in the
IDEA Program; that is, the Disabled Children Education Program. Again,
it is a movement from the OSHA account, and again, not a cut in the
OSHA account. But the new dollars that were being added to this, the
increase in spending over last year's level, the idea is to move those
dollars to this education program to help the most needy students in
our country, the disabled students.
Again, the conferences were very split on this. The Republican
conference voted 164 to 59, again, a 2 to 1 agreement within the
Republican conference, that these dollars should in fact be moved over
to help our disabled children. The other side was 3 to 200. So again,
we see the different priorities here between the two conferences.
That is what this debate is all about. One conference agrees that the
money should be spent to increase spending in OSHA, and again, there is
no debate about whether it should be cut back, it is a debate about
whether it should be increased, if those increased dollars should go to
OSHA or they should go to help disabled students. Again, the
conferences are very split, with the Republican conference voting 2 to
1 that the money should go to help the disabled
[[Page H7026]]
students versus an increase in spending in OSHA.
We had one more that took the increase in OSHA to another education
program. That was 152 to 59 in the Republican conference, again, a 2 to
1 priority to put the money into education versus increase the amount
of money spent on OSHA.
Now today we are really debating an amendment that is within the OSHA
parameters itself: should the money go to the enforcement, which is
what has turned off so many people in the country, or should OSHA be
prepared to go into the businesses, tell them how to comply with the
rules, help them see how to provide the safest workplace for their work
force, and then allow them to meet those requirements; or should it be
writing out fines and scaring businesses so that they are afraid to see
the OSHA person.
Businesses out there are very interested in the safety of the work
force. I come from the business world, and I know businesses are
extremely interested in the safety of their work force. That is a top
priority in virtually every business we saw.
What we wanted in the business world was the ability to provide the
safest workplace possible for our work force. What we did not want was
to be so overburdened with rules and regulations that we threw up our
hands and said, we can't comply with these rules no matter what we do,
and even if we try, the Government is going to come in here and fine us
for something because they have so many rules nobody could possibly
understand them.
{time} 1145
That is what businesses did not want.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The time of the gentleman
from Wisconsin [Mr. Neumann] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Neumann was allowed to proceed for 1
additional minute.)
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, what this amendment is doing is getting us
to the point where the businesses that would like to provide the safest
workplace possible have the ability to do that, working in conjunction
with OSHA. OSHA becomes a workplace-friendly assistant in providing the
safety for the work force, as opposed to a threat with so many rules
and regulations that nobody can abide by them.
Mr. Chairman, I would close my argument by reminding people that the
enforcement part is getting 3 to 1 more than the compliance part, or
the part that would actually help businesses provide the safer
workplace.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. PELOSI. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Neumann]
gave the House some interesting comparisons in the difference in voting
patterns between the Democratic Caucus and the Republican Caucus.
I find those interesting, but what I think needs to be understood is
that what the committee tried to do is not to find a Democratic answer
or a Republican answer to these problems, but to find a bipartisan
American answer, and it came up as the committee product and I think it
ought to be supported.
Mr. Chairman, the gentleman says that OSHA ought to engage in
voluntary compliance activities and not mandatory enforcement
activities. My response is that they ought to do both, because we have,
as I said earlier, good businessmen and bad businessmen. We have 6
million businesses in this country. We have only 900 Federal inspectors
to review the activities of those companies. It seems to me that those
numbers alone indicate that there is a lot of work to be done to
protect workers' lives in both the voluntary compliance portion of
OSHA's responsibility and the enforcement compliance portion.
Mr. Chairman, I would hope that Congress would recognize its
obligation to also support both.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, whatever the good
intention of the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Souder] to have this
legitimate discussion about how funds are spent at OSHA, the gentleman
from Wisconsin [Mr. Neumann] made it very clear that once again we see
this within the context of the Republican majority trying to gut the
ability to have safety in the workplace.
Mr. Chairman, while hiding behind children in America, disabled
children at that, the Republican majority is trying to say: Give us a
few crumbs for these children, while we jeopardize the economic
security and the safety of their parents in the workplace.
Mr. Chairman, the argument made by the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr.
Neumann], and others on the Republican side, ignore completely the
reforms of the Clinton administration as far as OSHA is concerned. I
put some on the Record yesterday, and would just only like to add a few
more to say that compliance assistance is a major emphasis of the new
OSHA under the Clinton administration.
The new OSHA uses commonsense enforcement to emphasize results, not
redtape. The old OSHA practice of setting standard priorities was
haphazard. The new OSHA instituted a priority planning process to focus
on the most important issues.
Why, then, does the Republican majority want to gut the ability to
promote safety in the workplace? This amendment slashes Federal funding
for workplace safety and health by 16.5 percent. It would lead to a cut
in about 300 FTE's in OSHA's enforcement efforts. OSHA's staff of
compliance officers could be cut by 25 percent. I repeat, despite the
good intentions of the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Souder], OSHA's
compliance staff would be cut by about 25 percent.
Mr. Chairman, experience shows that without credible OSHA enforcement
presence, fewer employers will request consultation assistance and be
willing to engage in a cooperative effort to partner with OSHA. In
fact, the National Association of Occupational Safety and Health
Consultation Programs, which as the Chairman knows represents the State
agencies to help private business with consultation, they have said
that firm, fair, and effective enforcement of workplace safety and
health standards is essential to reducing occupational fatalities,
injuries, and illnesses. That is why they oppose this amendment.
They also say enforcement and consultation are complementary
approaches to the same end. Any effective strategy for achieving
overall safety and health compliance must include both approaches in
balance.
Mr. Chairman, that is what the bill of the gentleman from Illinois
[Mr. Porter] strives to do, and I rise in defense of the committee
bill. The Souder amendment would transfer $25 million from the OSHA
Federal enforcement account. Enforcement and compliance assistance are
both important. The committee bill strikes an appropriate balance.
Since fiscal year 1995, compliance assistance funding has increased
by 79 percent. At the same time, funding for enforcement has decreased
by 5 percent. Removing the careful balance between compliance
assistance and enforcement has consequences in terms of protecting
American workers from death and injury.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman from California
[Ms. Pelosi] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Ms. Pelosi was allowed to proceed for 1
additional minute.)
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to oppose the Souder
amendment. Protect American workers. Keep funding priorities in
balance. Support the bipartisan committee bill and reject once again,
for the fifth time since Friday, this attempt on the part of the
Republican majority to gut enforcement of safety in the workplace.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of this amendment as making
simply good sense for America, urging OSHA to work with employers to
ensure safety, rather than to threaten employers.
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHADEGG. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, I just wanted to respond to the comments
that we just heard and put some of this in perspective. I think it is
sad when
[[Page H7027]]
we start using words like ``gutting'' and ``slashing,'' when in fact
there is no change to the OSHA funding level in this particular
amendment proposal. There is no change to funding at all.
Mr. Chairman, the only question is whether it goes to the enforcement
part or to the part that helps businesses provide compliance and
provide a safe workplace. Mr. Chairman, I heard the gentleman from
Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] say that we need both. We definitely need to do
both of these, and for a change I absolutely agree with the gentleman.
We do need to do both.
Mr. Chairman, what this amendment is doing is creating more of a
balance between how much we spend in each place. We are currently
spending $127 million on enforcement and only $45 million on the other
portion of this, or the compliance portion. What this amendment is
doing is trying to create a stronger and a better balance between these
two so that the OSHA group can become a group that is worker friendly
and that can actually accomplish the goal of providing a safer
workplace for our work force.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, let me briefly state
that I think this amendment strikes the right balance. I said, in
discussing a similar OSHA amendment last evening, that as a young man I
worked on a construction site and I was dependent upon the people who
managed that site for my safety. If they were negligent, if they had
dangerous practices, I could have been injured on that site.
Mr. Chairman, I think worker safety is important to all Americans.
One of my colleagues recently commented that the last thing any
employer in America would ever do would be to call the Federal agency
charged with worker safety and invite them in to help look at a job
site and improve safety on that job site. Why? Because they would be
desperately afraid that that organization, OSHA, rather than working to
solve the problem, rather than giving them advice on how to avoid
future injuries, would simply punitively punish them for what they had
done, slap fines on them, slap them on the wrist and issue a critical
report.
Mr. Chairman, we need a balance. Human conduct is easy to understand.
We need to achieve goals with both the carrot and the stick. This is a
measure to say let us give a little bit more incentives. Americans,
humans respond to incentives. This says let us shift some of this money
to incentives to protect workers rather than just punitive measures.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHADEGG. I yield to the gentleman from Indiana.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, to reiterate this point, because we heard
this last night, this is what Mr. Dear wants to have OSHA go to. We are
not trying to wipe out the agency. He wants to move to working more
toward businesses. We started that process and we are merely
accelerating a process that the committee acknowledges that they want
to do. Nobody accuses them of slashing and gutting.
Mr. Chairman, we have to make some adjustments in the rhetoric here
on the floor. In consultation visits with the State money for grants,
we have made 26,000 visits, which is $1,200 a visit. When they do the
inspection, they made 35,000 for $125 million, which is $3,000 per
inspection.
Mr. Chairman, we can reach more of these businesses. It will not take
277 years to get to every business in America. Furthermore, not every
business in America is a violator. If we fund more for conferences,
more for consultations, more for working with businesses, then we can
have a declining amount in enforcement focused on those who are not
following through. So when we have the follow-up to see whether the
people have worked with it, and the checking, we can have more targeted
enforcement because we will have more people understand.
Mr. Chairman, that is what we are doing. We need an adjustment in the
rhetoric on the floor in this debate.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, it seems to me that we
can improve the climate on job sites across America by this kind of
measure. My brother is in the construction business in Tucson, AZ. He
builds homes. And he, rather than having a working relationship with
OSHA, lives in daily fear of OSHA. That is not the kind of model we
ought to be encouraging. That is not the kind of structure which will
enhance to the greatest degree possible worker safety in this country.
Mr. Chairman, I commend the gentleman from Indiana and I join him in
his amendment. I think it does strike the proper balance for worker
safety in this country, which is achieved through both incentives to
improve worker safety and punishments for those who choose to be
negligent, choose to have unsafe work sites, and choose to cause
injuries by their own negligent conduct.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHADEGG. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman indicates that we ought to set
OSHA up so that businessmen can respond to positive incentives.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Arizona [Mr.
Shadegg] has expired.
(On request of Mr. Obey, and by unanimous consent, Mr. Shadegg was
allowed to proceed for 2 additional minutes.)
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will continue to yield, I
was under the impression that what we learned when we reformed welfare
is that there are some people who respond to positive incentives and
some people who respond to negative incentives, and we need to have
both in order to make the world work.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, that is precisely what
I believe the gentleman's amendment does. It strikes a proper balance
between incentives and punishment. And, indeed, that is what he seeks
to do by the amendment, and that is what I believe he is doing.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would continue to yield, and
if I could complete my thought, I was simply going to say that I think
that many businesses respond to those positive incentives because they
know that if they do not, they have the possibility of fines coming at
them. That is why we are trying to preserve the balance between the
programs.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, again reclaiming my time, I guess I have a
more positive view of human nature than does the gentleman from
Wisconsin [Mr. Obey]. I do not believe that those businesses across
America respond to worker safety challenges just because they are
afraid of OSHA. Indeed, I believe employers across America genuinely
care about safe working conditions for their employees.
Indeed, the businesses I know recognize that skilled and valuable
employees who become injured are a grave loss to them. That skilled and
valuable employees who are lost to a job site because of an injury,
they do not fear the OSHA penalty. Of course that is something that
causes them problems, but they fear the economic impact they lose by
the loss of that employee. I do not think it is appropriate to give
them as a motive the belief that all they do is respond positively
because of their fear.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would again continue to
yield, that is not what I am suggesting. What I am suggesting is that
there are plenty of both types of businessmen and we need to be able to
respond to both types.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, again reclaiming my time, what I think
this amendment shows is that we believe there is not a proper balance.
We believe there ought to be more incentives.
Ms. STABENOW. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, continuing the discussion that we have been having here
this morning, I would rise to suggest that while the majority of
businesses in fact want to do the right thing regarding their
employees, it makes economic sense, it makes good sense as employers
who care about their employees. The reality is that this is about
balance. And when, in fact, there is a problem, when, in fact, someone
is knowingly proceeding to create a situation that is dangerous for
workers, OSHA has to have the ability to respond and to protect workers
and, as well, protect the majority of businesses by standing up to
those that proceed in a way that hurts workers.
[[Page H7028]]
{time} 1200
We have heard this morning various comments and discussions about
what Joseph Dear has been doing and OSHA, what has been done, no
question about it, moving on the right track, reinventing OSHA, moving
more toward the notion of education and voluntary compliance, and those
are the kinds of things that we want to see done.
I am in full support of that. I want very much to see that continue
as an emphasis. But I think that it is important to understand what Mr.
Dear himself believes about this amendment. I would like to read a
statement that he has just issued this morning:
When I began the task of reinventing OSHA in 1993, one of
the first realizations we at the agency had was that in order
to be fully effective, OSHA must utilize a full range of
tools and options. We carefully crafted a program that was a
balance of compliance assistance and enforcement, knowing
that a credible enforcement effort is necessary to ensure
that employers would not look upon the agency as merely a
paper tiger.
The effort in the House to shift 16 percent of OSHA's
budget, $23 million, from enforcement to compliance
assistance does not serve either the program or America's
workers well. Under the new OSHA, serious violators know they
will face serious consequences. The Agency has demonstrated
it does not penalize those employers who take workplace
safety and health seriously and act in good faith. It is
unthinkable that the new OSHA's proven track record, short
though it may be, should be cutoff at this critical juncture
with the shortsighted shift in priorities.
I would agree. I would urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this
amendment.
Frankly, as a member of the Committee on Agriculture, I understand as
well, working on food safety issues, that there is a direct
relationship between what my constituents are concerned about in food
safety as consumers and what happens in terms of OSHA. When we look at
the fact that we have now through Hudson Foods seen the largest recall
in the history of the country in meat, and we know that they were, in
fact, under investigation by OSHA for violations on safety, there is a
relationship. There is a relationship when they are cited for their
place of employment not being kept clean and orderly or in a sanitary
condition and that pieces of chicken and chicken fat were allowed to
accumulate on the floors and under elevated platforms in the fillet and
cut-up department, thus causing slip and fall injuries.
I would suggest it not only causes slip and fall injuries but that it
also caused sanitary problems that related to what was happening there
at the plant that resulted in the recall of meat and the safety of the
public being jeopardized as it related to food safety.
There is a relationship. When Hudson was cited for drainage not being
maintained when they used their wet processes, it is not only a safety
issue, it is a food safety issue and a worker safety issue.
I would urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this amendment. I
appreciate the fact that the focus that is desired by my colleagues is
on education and on voluntary compliance. I support that. But it is
very important that we have a balance that allows in those situations,
which I believe are few but serious, it is critical for the health and
safety of the public and American workers that OSHA have the ability to
step in and protect health and safety.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. STABENOW. I yield to the gentleman from Indiana.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I believe I heard the gentlewoman state a
figure that was beyond where the amendment went. The amendment only
takes 20 percent of enforcement and moves it to compliance. It leaves
80 percent of compliance dollars there at the Federal level and the
State compliance dollars there, so there is nearly $200 million of the
$220 million left in enforcement. It increases the compliance only $20
million. I wanted to make it clear that 80 percent of the enforcement
is still there.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The time of the gentlewoman
from Michigan [Ms. Stabenow] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Ms. Stabenow was allowed to proceed for 1
additional minute.)
Ms. STABENOW. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the fact that the dollars
are still there for enforcement. My concern is that this amendment
would cut OSHA's enforcement staff by 25 percent. I think, given the
climate in which we are in, the concerns about food safety, the
concerns about worker safety, the injuries and deaths that are still
occurring across the country, I would suggest 25 percent is too much
and it goes in the wrong direction and we need to maintain the balance.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words, and I rise to oppose the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, we have heard a lot during the discussion on this
amendment about moving funds from Federal enforcement to Federal
compliance assistance. I have to tell my friend from Indiana and my
colleague from across the border in Wisconsin that that is exactly what
I have been doing as chairman of the subcommittee for the last 3 years.
We have consistently moved more money into compliance assistance and
taken the money from Federal enforcement and made a better balance.
The gentleman from Arizona said we have got to find balance in this.
How do we find balance? Do we do it by simply saying, ``I know what
balance is?'' ``Balance is more my way than anyone else's way?'' No, we
find it by sitting down between majority and minority and working out
where there is an acceptable balance. In doing so, we must recognize
that the minority has a greater concern with those businesses that
violate the law and do so, as some do, intentionally. We have a greater
concern with trying to find a cooperative way to have business and
government work together.
I believe that we have found, through the process of negotiation, the
right balance in this account. We have increased money for compliance
assistance overall by 22 percent, and the increase for enforcement is
only 1 percent in the bill.
This funding decision has moved us further in the direction of
compliance assistance. We have done so consistently over the last 3
years. I think the amendment is simply one that would do exactly what I
believe cannot be done, and that is lose the bipartisan basis upon
which this bill has reached this point and eventually, I would be
afraid, lose the bill entirely.
I would say to the gentleman that we have done what the gentleman
wants us to do philosophically and that this amendment can only provide
mischief and lead to the bill being defeated, which I think would be a
terrible mistake.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. PORTER. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I would like to recite the numbers to
demonstrate the change that has occurred since the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter] has become chairman.
The enforcement portion of OSHA's budget has declined by 5 percent in
those 3 years. The compliance portion of the budget has been increased
by 80 percent, from $45 to $81 million. I think that is a very large
swing in emphasis which continues under this bill. I hope that the
House will recognize the good efforts made by the gentleman from
Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. PORTER. I yield to the gentleman from Indiana.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, the Compliance Assistance Program, which I
realize is only part of all the compliance efforts, is $45 million and
it was $30 million, or roughly $34 million prior to the $11 million
increase. So the increases sound larger, but, in fact, the dollar
amount of a smaller increase in enforcement is about two-thirds of the
dollars of the increase in compliance.
When we came in, in the authorizing committee and were first working
with OSHA reform, we were proposing much more dramatic changes. I
understand that inside this you have moved it in the right direction.
Part of what this debate is about is that at one point we were talking
like 75/25. Now we are talking such small, incremental changes and what
we are, in effect, doing is upping that incremental change but still
leaving the disproportionate balance for enforcement at almost 3 to 1,
exact opposite of what we started with.
[[Page H7029]]
This amendment in trying to respond, many of us wanted to move the
dollars over to education. But if we are going to keep it in OSHA, then
we think that we should have accelerated that process. We are not
disagreeing on the thrust of where you and the ranking minority member
were going, but we believe it should of occurred at a faster rate.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The question is on the amendment offered by
the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Souder].
The question was taken; and the Chairman pro tempore announced that
the noes appeared to have it.
Recorded Vote
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 164,
noes 255, not voting 14, as follows:
[Roll No. 373]
AYES--164
Aderholt
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Ballenger
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Bartlett
Barton
Bass
Bereuter
Bilirakis
Bliley
Blunt
Boehner
Bono
Brady
Bryant
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Buyer
Calvert
Campbell
Canady
Chabot
Chambliss
Chenoweth
Christensen
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Cook
Cooksey
Cramer
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Deal
DeLay
Doolittle
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Ehrlich
Emerson
Ensign
Everett
Ewing
Foley
Fowler
Frelinghuysen
Gallegly
Ganske
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Goss
Graham
Granger
Greenwood
Gutknecht
Hall (TX)
Hansen
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Hill
Hilleary
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Inglis
Istook
Jenkins
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kasich
Kelly
Kingston
Klug
Largent
Latham
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lucas
Manzullo
McCollum
McCrery
McInnis
McIntosh
McKeon
Mica
Moran (KS)
Myrick
Nethercutt
Neumann
Norwood
Nussle
Packard
Pappas
Paul
Paxon
Pease
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Pitts
Pombo
Portman
Pryce (OH)
Radanovich
Ramstad
Redmond
Riggs
Riley
Rogan
Rohrabacher
Royce
Ryun
Salmon
Sanford
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer, Dan
Schaffer, Bob
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shimkus
Shuster
Skeen
Smith (MI)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Linda
Snowbarger
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Stearns
Stenholm
Stump
Sununu
Talent
Tanner
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Thornberry
Thune
Tiahrt
Traficant
Upton
Wamp
Watkins
Watts (OK)
Weldon (FL)
Weller
White
Wicker
NOES--255
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baesler
Baldacci
Barcia
Barrett (WI)
Bateman
Becerra
Bentsen
Berman
Berry
Bilbray
Bishop
Blagojevich
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonilla
Bonior
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brown (CA)
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Callahan
Camp
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Condit
Conyers
Costello
Coyne
Cummings
Cunningham
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Deutsch
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Edwards
Ehlers
Engel
English
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Flake
Foglietta
Forbes
Ford
Fox
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frost
Furse
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Gordon
Green
Gutierrez
Hall (OH)
Hamilton
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hefner
Herger
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Houghton
Hoyer
Hyde
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E.B.
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
King (NY)
Kleczka
Klink
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
LaFalce
LaHood
Lampson
Lantos
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Lowey
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McHugh
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Metcalf
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Mollohan
Moran (VA)
Morella
Murtha
Nadler
Neal
Ney
Northup
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Oxley
Pallone
Parker
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Petri
Pickett
Pomeroy
Porter
Poshard
Price (NC)
Rahall
Rangel
Regula
Reyes
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rogers
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Rush
Sabo
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sawyer
Schumer
Scott
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith, Adam
Snyder
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stokes
Strickland
Stupak
Tauscher
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson
Thurman
Tierney
Torres
Turner
Velazquez
Vento
Visclosky
Walsh
Waters
Watt (NC)
Waxman
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Weygand
Whitfield
Wise
Wolf
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--14
Baker
Cannon
Carson
Cox
Dellums
Gibbons
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Oberstar
Owens
Quinn
Schiff
Serrano
Towns
{time} 1227
Mr. PASCRELL and Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut changed their vote from
``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. EWING and Mrs. KELLY changed their vote from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
personal explanation
Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Chairman, on rollcall No. 373, I was unavoidably
detained. Had I been present, I would have voted ``no.''
{time} 1230
Amendment Offered by Mr. Shadegg
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Shadegg:
Page 24, line 2, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $25,000)''.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, let me begin by bringing my colleagues two
bits of what I think will be good and welcome news. The first is that
having gone through more than 2 days I believe of debate on title I to
this bill, this is the last amendment to title I and with luck we can
debate it with relative speed.
I want to compliment the members of the committee and the
subcommittee. At two separate points in this legislation, the bill sets
what I think are important standards for the expenditure of the moneys
being appropriated. I think it is critical that we do that. Our task
here is to ensure that the moneys that we take from taxpayers and
allocate to various programs are spent in the most effective and
efficient way possible. To ensure that, at two separate points in this
bill, the bill sets a limit on the maximum amount of money which may be
paid to an employee or a contractor of the National Institutes of
Health to perform under a grant of $125,000. At a separate point in the
bill, it sets a similar limit. This limit is imposed upon independent
contractors and administrators who are performing work for the Job
Corps, and it says that no one shall be paid under the funds
appropriated in this bill at a rate of more than $125,000, as a
contractor or administrator, as their salary for one year.
Mr. Chairman, the amendment before us simply says that while I agree
that a cap of $125,000 is an appropriate limit for a researcher at the
National Institutes of Health, I submit that it is an excessive salary
and a misuse of the funds appropriated under this bill to pay an
administrator or a contractor under the Job Corps program, whose
function is to educate and train children, a salary of $125,000 a year.
The amendment says that the salary for an administrator or a contractor
within the Job Corps, whose job it is to inspire and train our youth,
should not be excessive.
Why is it important that we change that number? Because every dollar
that goes to administration within the Job Corps program is taken away
from education and training. I think it is appropriate that we say, let
us use those dollars to the greatest extent possible to educate and
train the disadvantaged youth within the Job Corps program. Let us not
use them to pay what is in America today an excessive salary.
And so the amendment I have offered says that the maximum amount
allocable under the legislation for one year's
[[Page H7030]]
salary for an administrator within the Job Corps or a contractor or
employee performing that function would not be $125,000 a year, but
rather would be $100,000 a year.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHADEGG. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Did the gentleman say that this is the last amendment to
title I?
Mr. SHADEGG. I did.
Mr. OBEY. In that case on this side of the aisle, we would be
delighted to accept the gentleman's amendment.
Mr. MILLER of Florida. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. SHADEGG. I yield to the gentleman from Florida.
Mr. MILLER of Florida. Mr. Chairman, we will be delighted to accept
the amendment, too.
Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Chairman, I am thrilled with the willingness to
accept the amendment, and I accept that.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The question is on the
amendment offered by the gentleman from Arizona [Mr. Shadegg].
The amendment was agreed to.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Health Resources and Services Administration
health resources and services
For carrying out titles II, III, VII, VIII, X, XII, XIX,
and XXVI of the Public Health Service Act, section 427(a) of
the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act, title V of the
Social Security Act, and the Health Care Quality Improvement
Act of 1986, as amended, $3,616,068,000, of which $225,000
shall remain available until expended for interest subsidies
on loan guarantees made prior to fiscal year 1981 under part
B of title VII of the Public Health Service Act: Provided,
That the Division of Federal Occupational Health may utilize
personal services contracting to employ professional
management/administrative and occupational health
professionals: Provided further, That of the funds made
available under this heading, $2,500,000 shall be available
until expended for facilities renovations at the Gillis W.
Long Hansen's Disease Center: Provided further, That in
addition to fees authorized by section 427(b) of the Health
Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986, fees shall be collected
for the full disclosure of information under the Act
sufficient to recover the full costs of operating the
National Practitioner Data Bank, and shall remain available
until expended to carry out that Act: Provided further, That
no more than $5,000,000 is available for carrying out the
provisions of Public Law 104-73: Provided further, That of
the funds made available under this heading, $203,452,000
shall be for the program under title X of the Public Health
Service Act to provide for voluntary family planning
projects: Provided further, That amounts provided to said
projects under such title shall not be expended for
abortions, that all pregnancy counseling shall be
nondirective, and that such amounts shall not be expended for
any activity (including the publication or distribution of
literature) that in any way tends to promote public support
or opposition to any legislative proposal or candidate for
public office: Provided further, That $299,000,000 shall be
for State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs authorized by section
2616 of the Public Health Service Act: Provided further, That
notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds made
available under this heading may be used to continue
operating the Council on Graduate Medical Education
established by section 301 of Public Law 102-408: Provided
further, That, of the funds made available under this
heading, not more than $4,600,000 shall be made available and
shall remain available until expended for loan guarantees for
loans made by non-Federal lenders to health centers under
section 330(d) of the Public Health Service Act as amended by
Public Law 104-299, and that such funds be available to
subsidize guarantees of total loan principal in an amount not
to exceed $53,300,000: Provided further, That notwithstanding
section 502(a)(1) of the Social Security Act, not to exceed
$105,624,000 is available for carrying out special projects
of regional and national significance pursuant to section
501(a)(2) of such Act.
medical facilities guarantee and loan fund
federal interest subsidies for medical facilities
For carrying out subsections (d) and (e) of section 1602 of
the Public Health Service Act, $6,000,000, together with any
amounts received by the Secretary in connection with loans
and loan guarantees under title VI of the Public Health
Service Act, to be available without fiscal year limitation
for the payment of interest subsidies. During the fiscal
year, no commitments for direct loans or loan guarantees
shall be made.
health education assistance loans program
(including transfer of funds)
For the cost of guaranteed loans, such sums as may be
necessary to carry out the purpose of the program, as
authorized by title VII of the Public Health Service Act, as
amended: Provided, That such costs, including the cost of
modifying such loans, shall be as defined in section 502 of
the Congressional Budget Act of 1974: Provided further, That
these funds are available to subsidize gross obligations for
the total loan principal any part of which is to be
guaranteed at not to exceed $85,000,000: Provided further,
That the Secretary may use up to $1,000,000 derived by
transfer from insurance premiums collected from guaranteed
loans made under title VII of the Public Health Service Act
for the purpose of carrying out section 709 of that Act. In
addition, for administrative expenses to carry out the
guaranteed loan program, $2,688,000.
vaccine injury compensation program trust fund
For payments from the Vaccine Injury Compensation Program
Trust Fund, such sums as may be necessary for claims
associated with vaccine-related injury or death with respect
to vaccines administered after September 30, 1988, pursuant
to subtitle 2 of title XXI of the Public Health Service Act,
to remain available until expended: Provided, That for
necessary administrative expenses, not to exceed $3,000,000
shall be available from the Trust Fund to the Secretary of
Health and Human Services.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, could I interrupt to ask which page the Clerk
is on? I think Members had been under the impression that we were still
reading title I.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk is currently on page 29.
The Clerk will resume reading.
The Clerk read as follows:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
disease control, research, and training
To carry out titles II, III, VII, XI, XV, XVII, and XIX of
the Public Health Service Act, sections 101, 102, 103, 201,
202, 203, 301, and 501 of the Federal Mine Safety and Health
Act of 1977, and sections 20, 21 and 22 of the Occupational
Safety and Health Act of 1970, title IV of the Immigration
and Nationality Act and section 501 of the Refugee Education
Assistance Act of 1980; including insurance of official motor
vehicles in foreign countries; and hire, maintenance, and
operation of aircraft, $2,343,737,000, of which $20,000,000
shall remain available until expended for equipment and
construction and renovation of facilities, and in addition,
such sums as may be derived from authorized user fees, which
shall be credited to this account: Provided, That in addition
to amounts provided herein, up to $48,400,000 shall be
available from amounts available under section 241 of the
Public Health Service Act, to carry out the National Center
for Health Statistics surveys: Provided further, That none of
the funds made available for injury prevention and control at
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention may be used to
advocate or promote gun control: Provided further, That the
Director may redirect the total amount made available under
authority of Public Law 101-502, section 3, dated November 3,
1990, to activities the Director may so designate: Provided
further, That the Congress is to be notified promptly of any
such transfer.
In addition, $45,000,000, to be derived from the Violent
Crime Reduction Trust Fund, for carrying out section 40151 of
Public Law 103-322.
National Institutes of Health
national cancer institute
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to cancer, $2,513,020,000.
national heart, lung, and blood institute
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to cardiovascular, lung, and
blood diseases, and blood and blood products, $1,513,004,000.
national institute of dental research
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to dental disease,
$209,403,000.
national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to diabetes and digestive and
kidney disease, $874,337,000.
national institute of neurological disorders and stroke
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to neurological disorders and
stroke, $763,325,000.
national institute of allergy and infectious diseases
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to allergy and infectious
diseases, $1,339,459,000.
national institute of general medical sciences
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to general medical sciences,
$1,047,963,000.
national institute of child health and human development
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect
[[Page H7031]]
to child health and human development, $666,682,000.
national eye institute
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to eye diseases and visual
disorders, $354,032,000.
national institute of environmental health sciences
For carrying out sections 301 and 311 and title IV of the
Public Health Service Act with respect to environmental
health sciences, $328,583,000.
national institute on aging
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to aging, $509,811,000.
national institute of arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin diseases
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to arthritis and
musculoskeletal and skin diseases, $269,807,000.
national institute on deafness and other communication disorders
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to deafness and other
communication disorders, $198,373,000.
national institute of nursing research
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to nursing research,
$62,451,000.
national institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to alcohol abuse and
alcoholism, $226,205,000.
national institute on drug abuse
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to drug abuse, $525,641,000.
national institute of mental health
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to mental health
$744,235,000.
national human genome research institute
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to human genome research,
$211,772,000.
Amendment No. 34 Offered by Mr. Coburn
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to have an
amendment that I have at the desk read.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Oklahoma?
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, reserving the right to object, I would like
to know which amendment that is.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Wisconsin reserves the
right to object.
Will the gentleman from Oklahoma identify the amendment for the
Clerk?
Mr. COBURN. Yes, Mr. Chairman, page 25, 26, and 37.
Mr. OBEY. I am sorry, Mr. Chairman, we are already past that point in
the bill and I am constrained to object.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Objection is heard.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, it is important, the whole purpose for this bill is to
make sure that we have a fair and open and honest debate on what is
occurring in this bill. I have been standing at this point patiently
trying to be polite as we read this bill, wishing to be recognized and
not interrupting. Although I may not have followed the exact protocol
of the House, nevertheless I have been standing here prepared to offer
this amendment which was preprinted, which was available.
This is an amendment that should be considered by this House. The
reason it should be considered is there are several thousand people in
the United States who are HIV positive who will not be able to get drug
treatment. This amendment brings money for those people. If this body
wants to on a technical error deny people triple drug therapy that will
prolong their life and delay the onset of AIDS, then so be it. But it
is a shameful act if in fact we do not consider a debate or a
characterization of this amendment.
Amendment No. 34 Offered by Mr. Coburn
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that this amendment
be heard and considered on the floor of this House. Lives are depending
on it, thousands of lives are depending on it. It is unconscionable
that we would not even debate additional moneys for people who will die
should this therapy not be available to them. I would beg and plead
with the gentleman from Wisconsin that he would allow consideration of
this amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Pending the request, the Clerk will
designate the amendment for clarity.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 34 offered by Mr. Coburn:
Page 25, line 18, after the first dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(increased by $34,868,000)''.
Page 26, line 22, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(increased by $51,000,000)''.
Page 37, line 1, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $2,388,000)''.
Page 41, line 8, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $22,668,000)''.
Page 44, line 16, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $4,812,000)''.
Page 45, line 11, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(reduced by $5,000,000)''.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to consideration of the amendment?
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, reserving the right to object, I would simply
make this point. I stood on the floor just a moment ago and interrupted
the Clerk to make certain that Members understood exactly where she
was, because I did not want Members to miss their opportunity to offer
amendments. I did that as a courtesy to Members who I knew had
amendments, but it is not my responsibility to then do their job for
them. Their job is to be ready to offer the amendments at the
appropriate point in the bill. I went out of my way to try to alert
people to the fact that the Clerk was in title II. I cannot help it if
the gentleman did not respond to that.
The fact is that we have already almost doubled the account the
gentleman wants to add some more money to. We went in this bill from
$167 to $299 million. That is hardly a failure to meet our
responsibilities.
The fact is that this committee has already well responded to this
issue. I would further point out that the House has been informed that
this bill is going to be debated this week and next week. We have not
attempted in any way to cut off debate, but we are certainly not going
to allow the gentleman to ignore the rules of the House for the purpose
of extending debate after we purposely engaged in a courtesy that
alerted people to where the Clerk was in the bill. At this point, I am
sorry, but I object.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. Further reserving the right to object, I yield to the
gentleman from Oklahoma.
{time} 1245
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I would say to the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey], there is no question that I am not a career legislator, and
there is no question that I do not have the Parliamentary skills of a
skilled, long-term legislator like the gentleman. But there is nothing
wrong with the intent of my heart and my desire to bring forth an issue
that has to do with life and death, although my skills as a legislator
are somewhat less.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I reclaim my time under my reservation to say
I have not questioned the gentleman's heart or motives in any way. I
attempted to do him a courtesy. He did not take advantage of it. That
is not my fault.
I am not going to allow Members to get around the rules in order to
continue to engage in a protracted filibuster, and I do object.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). Objection is heard.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Committee do now rise.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does the gentleman yield back the time on
his pro forma amendment or does he wish to proceed?
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, may I ask how much time remains?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn]
has 3 minutes remaining.
Mr. COBURN. I would like to continue discussing this amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Oklahoma is recognized
for 3 minutes.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, this debate is characterized by the
gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] as a way to delay this bill. That
is completely false and not true. This amendment comes at the heart of
everything that I have been trying to do on the HIV epidemic in this
country, and to not allow an amendment to offer additional treatments,
lifesaving treatments, is wrong.
Yes, this committee did increase that funding, but there still are
going to be
[[Page H7032]]
30,000 Americans who will not have triple drug therapy available to
them. Unfortunately, most of them will not be associated with what we
most often identify with, because many of the ones that have been in
programs that have been there long-standing will have the treatment.
The people that will not get this treatment are going to be African-
American women, they are going to be IV drug users, they are going to
be people who have no means whatsoever to fend off this disease. We
have spent billions of dollars researching this disease, and now we
bring forth an amendment.
I stood at this stand trying to be polite, failing to interrupt. My
mistake, there is no question, I would say to the gentleman from
Wisconsin [Mr. Obey], but I did not intend to go around the rules of
this House. I did not intend to be an obstructionist. I intended to
offer this amendment to save the lives of people who will not, will
not, have these drugs available to them.
If, in fact, this House says that we should not offer this amendment
because we did not interrupt at the proper time while somebody else was
speaking in an attempt to be orderly and to be appropriate, then so be
it. I find that disgusting. I find it unconscionable that our House
would not consider this amendment, if in fact it is unimportant to this
body to treat everyone in this country who has HIV.
If it was any other disease that was killing people, the No. 1 killer
between 25- and 44-year-old people in this country, this body would not
have any question about considering any amendment at any time to make
sure that that took place.
The fact that this is viewed as only an obstructive amendment and is
not taken for the purposes for which it was offered is offensive to me,
but, most importantly, it is offensive to those poor people who will
not be treated.
Mr. Chairman, this is a genuine amendment. It takes money from
programs and brings them down to the President's own request. It takes
no money below anything that the President asked for. It uses those
moneys that were in excess to help people who do not have insurance,
who are unaided by any other way, to allow triple drug therapy for them
in the treatment of this deadly and dreaded disease.
I would beg the House to reconsider the position. I would ask the
gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] once again to reconsider his
position. If not, then I will be resigned to the will of the House, but
I am embarrassed and ashamed of the position of the House.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I simply want to repeat some facts and make a point.
The program that the gentleman seeks to add money to has already been
increased by the committee under the leadership of the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter] this year in this bill from $167 million to $299
million. I challenge you to find a larger percentage increase in a
large program in the bill. It will be very difficult to do.
I think, under the circumstances, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Porter] and the subcommittee, and the full committee that reported this
bill to the House on a bipartisan basis, have more than responded to
the need.
Now, the gentleman is perfectly entitled to his view that there ought
to be more. But the fact is the newspapers have been full of accounts
from Members who are offering these amendments, including the
gentleman, that they intend to keep us here for a long, long time on
this bill.
The rules of the House require Members to be here in a situation in
which they are prepared to offer their amendments at the proper time.
Because it was apparent to me that we were already in title II, even
though it was a Parliamentary disadvantage to the committee and to
myself, I interrupted the Clerk's reading in order to note to the House
that we were already far ahead into title II.
That should have alerted the gentleman. I extended a courtesy to him.
The gentleman should be thanking me instead of attacking me.
Mr. Chairman, I would simply say that I have tried to be courteous to
Members on both sides, and I have tried to extend many courtesies,
including the opportunity to strike the last word many times, when the
normal course of events in the House and the normal rules would not
provide for that.
With all due respect, I am sorry the gentleman did not offer his
amendment at the proper time, but the rules are meant to eventually
enable the House to produce legislation. I think we have been more than
fair to those who have been taking a good deal of time. I think the
committee has been more than fair to the program at hand.
This subcommittee takes a back seat to no one, certainly the
gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] does not, the gentlewoman from
California [Ms. Pelosi] does not, and other Members, when it comes to
dealing with this problem.
I would say that I think the most sensible thing for the House to do
at this point is to move on. There are a good many other amendments,
and I have already been informed by the gentleman and others that we
will be here for at least 2 weeks on a bill that was expected to take 2
days. I think I have been very patient, but I do not intend to be a
sap.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentlewoman from California.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
I want to associate myself with his remarks about the fine work of
the subcommittee under the leadership of the gentleman from Illinois
[Mr. Porter], and our ranking member, and the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey], to increase the funding for the ADAP program by $132
million. These funds for drugs for people with HIV and AIDS is very,
very important.
The gentleman's attempt to put in an amendment to increase that
number, while taking money from other areas that affect people with
AIDS, I think is not well-founded.
Had the gentleman offered the amendment, I would have opposed it. As
one who has had over 13,000 people die of AIDS in my district, I
believe I have some standing on this issue. I certainly want the
highest figure, and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] and the
gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] worked for the highest figure, and
will continue to work with the administration for an even higher figure
by the end of the day, but not at the expense, for example, of the
Office of Civil Rights, which works to end discrimination against
people with HIV-AIDS and against a number of other functions within our
bill.
Mr. Chairman, I have frequently said this bill is lamb-eats-lamb.
That is to say, everything in it is good; there is no place to go get
an offset. Unfortunately, the gentleman's offsets are not productive,
and, indeed, work counter to the interests of people with HIV-AIDS.
Mr. Chairman, once again I commend the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr.
Obey] for his courage on this issue.
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I think what we have reached here is a situation where
this House can decide fundamentally do we want to allow Members to be
heard on what are critical issues in this bill or do we want to adopt a
gag procedure that says we are not going to allow you to address issues
having to do with treating AIDS patients, issues with how our title X
family planning amendments are going to be passed, issues that are very
important in constructing this bill and determining what the will of
the House is.
What I would like to do, Mr. Chairman, is once again try to do this
in an effort of accommodation, without having to disrupt the procedures
of this Committee of the Whole or the Whole House, and ask unanimous
consent that we return to page 25, line 18, and proceed to consider the
bill from that point forward.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, once again, I object.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Objection is heard.
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, in that case, I move that the Committee
do now rise.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered by
the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. McIntosh].
The question was taken; and the Chairman pro tempore announced that
the noes appeared to have it.
[[Page H7033]]
recorded vote
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 42,
noes 375, not voting 16, as follows:
[Roll No. 374]
AYES--42
Aderholt
Bachus
Barr
Barton
Bryant
Cannon
Chenoweth
Coburn
Combest
Doolittle
Duncan
Graham
Hastert
Herger
Hilleary
Hostettler
Jones
Largent
Manzullo
McIntosh
Neumann
Norwood
Pappas
Pitts
Riley
Rogan
Royce
Ryun
Sabo
Scarborough
Schaffer, Bob
Shadegg
Shimkus
Smith, Linda
Snowbarger
Souder
Strickland
Thune
Tiahrt
Wamp
Weldon (FL)
Yates
NOES--375
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Archer
Armey
Baesler
Baker
Baldacci
Ballenger
Barcia
Barrett (NE)
Barrett (WI)
Bartlett
Bass
Bateman
Becerra
Bereuter
Berman
Berry
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Bishop
Blagojevich
Bliley
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Boehner
Bonilla
Bonior
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brady
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Buyer
Callahan
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canady
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Chabot
Chambliss
Christensen
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Coble
Collins
Condit
Conyers
Cook
Cooksey
Costello
Cox
Coyne
Cramer
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cummings
Cunningham
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
Deal
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
DeLay
Deutsch
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Doyle
Dreier
Dunn
Edwards
Ehlers
Ehrlich
Emerson
Engel
English
Ensign
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Everett
Ewing
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Flake
Foglietta
Forbes
Ford
Fowler
Fox
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frost
Furse
Gallegly
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Gordon
Goss
Granger
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hamilton
Hansen
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Hefner
Hill
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Houghton
Hoyer
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E. B.
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kasich
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kleczka
Klink
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
LaFalce
LaHood
Lampson
Lantos
Latham
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Lowey
Lucas
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McHugh
McInnis
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Metcalf
Mica
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Morella
Murtha
Myrick
Nadler
Neal
Nethercutt
Ney
Northup
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Oxley
Packard
Pallone
Parker
Pascrell
Pastor
Paul
Paxon
Payne
Pease
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pickett
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Portman
Poshard
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Redmond
Regula
Reyes
Riggs
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Rush
Salmon
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sanford
Sawyer
Saxton
Schaefer, Dan
Schumer
Scott
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Shuster
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Adam
Snyder
Spence
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stearns
Stenholm
Stokes
Stump
Stupak
Sununu
Talent
Tanner
Tauscher
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Thurman
Tierney
Torres
Traficant
Turner
Upton
Velazquez
Vento
Visclosky
Walsh
Waters
Watkins
Watt (NC)
Watts (OK)
Waxman
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Weygand
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wise
Woolsey
Wynn
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--16
Bentsen
Bono
Brown (CA)
Carson
Dellums
Foley
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Johnson, Sam
Ortiz
Owens
Schiff
Serrano
Solomon
Towns
Wolf
{time} 1321
Mr. Oberstar and Mr. McDermott changed their vote from ``aye'' to
``no.''
Messrs. Pitts, Doolittle, Cannon, Shimkus, Scarborough and Barr of
Georgia changed their vote from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the motion was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last
word.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to engage the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Porter], chairman of the Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human
Services and Education, in a colloquy.
Mr. Chairman, I know that the gentleman from Illinois is aware of the
food safety initiative that the President has made a top priority as a
result of increased incidence of food-borne illness in the United
States. I know, from serving on the Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural
Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies that we
have provided $28.8 million to improve inspections done by the Food and
Drug Administration and expand preventive safety measures.
The other significant component of the food safety initiative is
found in the bill we are considering today for the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention. The major contribution the CDC will make to the
food safety initiative deals with surveillance. We need to not only
monitor the food supply, but to develop a rapid response to outbreaks
due to food-borne illnesses.
Mr. Chairman, the CDC received an allocation of $2.4 billion in this
year's bill, which is $86 million more than the administration
requested. I know by tradition the committee does not specify how the
CDC must use the additional funds; however, it is clear that the
committee has provided the resources necessary to fully fund CDC's
portion of this new and promising food safety initiative.
Mr. Chairman, I would ask could the gentleman from Illinois comment
on the committee's view of the importance of the $10 million of the
additional funding provided for the CDC going toward the agency's
involvement in this food safety initiative?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. FAZIO of California. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, it is appropriate, I believe, to highlight,
as the gentleman from California does, the importance of food safety
activities conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
As the gentleman mentioned, the committee bill increases funding for
the CDC above the President's request, including the funding for the
infectious diseases program which supports CDC's food safety efforts.
Mr. Chairman, we understand from the CDC that with the funds provided
in the committee bill, the agency would increase funding for food
safety by $10 million to a total of $14.5 million. The committee
strongly supports the CDC in its efforts. The importance of food safety
activities has been reinforced with recent headlines about disease
outbreaks traced to food-borne infectious agents.
Amendment No. 16 Offered by Mrs. Chenoweth
Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment to a portion of
the bill already passed, and I ask unanimous consent just to discuss
it.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The Clerk will designate the
amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 16 offered by Mrs. Chenoweth:
In the item relating to ``Health Resources and Services
Administration--health resources and services'', insert after
the first dollar amount (before the comma) ``(reduced by
$9,000,000)''; and in the fifth proviso (relating to the
program under title X of the Public Health Service Act),
insert after the dollar amount ``(reduced by $9,000,000)''.
[[Page H7034]]
In the item relating to ``Administration on Aging--aging
services programs'', insert after the dollar amount (before
the colon) ``(increased by $4,725,000)''.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentlewoman from Idaho [Mrs. Chenoweth]?
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, reserving the right to object, I am happy to
yield to the gentlewoman from Idaho to discuss her amendment under my
reservation, and then I want to explain why it is that I am going to do
what I am going to do.
Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Chairman, I wish I were clairvoyant across this
body so that I would understand what the gentleman from Wisconsin wants
to do. But I do know, having watched the gentleman, not only from the
time that I have been in this body but before that, I really feel that
in his heart the gentleman would be sympathetic to this particular
amendment, and I think that most House Members would be.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment is fairly benign. It is something that
we are all very, very concerned about, and that is that we increase
funding for senior citizens' meals in senior citizens centers. We do
that by transferring out of title X family planning, which would be
declined by $9 million. That would bring it back to where the 1997
levels were, and then we would be able to increase senior citizen
congregate meals $4.75 million, which again would simply establish the
meals and the funding for the senior citizen meals at 1997 levels.
{time} 1330
Like I say, not being clairvoyant, I am not quite sure what the
gentleman from Wisconsin has in mind, but I believe that my amendment
is consistent with his thinking and his actions in the past.
I very much appreciate this consideration. Our senior citizens are
having a very, very difficult time on fixed incomes. Most of the time,
the time that they spend in the senior citizen centers is the only time
that they can get out of the house and be able to spend time with their
peers and having enjoyable times.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time under my reservation, let
me recite again for Members who have come to the floor what the
situation is.
After the adoption of the last amendment to title I, the Clerk began
to read title II. There were a number of Members on both sides of the
aisle who were entitled to offer amendments in title II. I stood and
asked the Clerk to stop reading to make clear to the House where she
was in the bill so that Members who had amendments could be alerted to
the fact that they should be offering their amendments at that time.
I cannot recall a single instance in which a committee manager has
done that before in the years I have been in this House. I did it even
though it disadvantaged the committee because I wanted to be fair to
Members who were offering amendments. No amendments were offered. We
passed some 10 pages of that section.
At this point there are a number of amendments that are no longer
eligible to be offered at this point in the bill.
The Chenoweth amendment, the committee had determined that we were
going to accept the Chenoweth amendment, if the gentlewoman offered it,
because we regarded it as a reasonable amendment in contrast to the
other amendment that engendered controversy, which tries to increase an
account which we have already increased by almost 100 percent in the
bill.
As a courtesy to the majority, I am willing to withdraw my objection
to consideration of the gentlewoman's amendment, but not without an
appreciation of the fact that the committee has bent over backward to
be fair to each and every Member who had an opportunity to offer an
amendment.
It is the responsibility of this committee, when we are informed
through the press and on the floor by two gentlemen last night that
they intend to keep us here for more than 2 weeks on this bill, it is
our responsibility to move the bill forward wherever we can. Despite
that fact, in this instance I am willing to withdraw my objection to
this amendment but only this amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). Is there objection to the
request of the gentlewoman from Idaho?
There was no objection.
Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Chairman, I think that a number of us here, when
the bill moved much quicker than we expected, as I was watching
television this afternoon and saw the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr.
Obey] make his remarks calling attention to the fact of where we were,
and I fully recognize that the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] did
that, my heart stopped. Once I got it going again, I came right over
here to the floor.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Mrs. CHENOWETH. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I would like to point out that memories are
short.
Last year, Mr. Kennedy, on our side of the aisle, came to the floor
asking to offer an amendment which the Clerk had just passed by two
paragraphs. He was denied that opportunity to do so by the majority. So
were a number of other Members who missed their amendments. So that is
the normal order of things around here.
Members are expected to know their own business, and we are not
engaging in any action that has not been engaged in under the rules of
the House, and correctly so by the majority.
Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman. I just wish that
I did have the parliamentary experience and skill on the floor of the
House that Mr. Kennedy does have and does possess. But there are a
number of us who missed a step this afternoon. For that, we are deeply
sorry and deeply grateful that we can move ahead.
Mr. Chairman, what are senior congregate meals?
Let me tell my colleagues. Again, I repeat, for many senior citizens,
especially those who are alone or on fixed incomes, senior centers
provide a place to congregate and an excuse to get out of the house and
be able to socialize.
Just as important, senior centers provide low-cost, hot, nutritious
meals. But without adequate funding for the congregate meals program,
few local senior centers could afford to provide these very much needed
hot meals.
I have been in close touch with our senior citizens. Here, in fact,
coming from McCall, ID, are just some of the signatures, line by line
by line, of the senior citizens' signatures from just one senior
citizen center. This is so important for our seniors. They have given
so much to our country.
The fact that we would extend more funding to family planning for
healthy, vigorous teenagers and cut the funding for senior citizens is
something that I think, on second thought, that we really do not want
to do. I appreciate the Members of the House for their consideration on
this. I especially appreciate the gentleman from Wisconsin for his
consideration.
I have received hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of signatures in
support of funding for nutritious meals for our senior citizens. My
amendment is the essence of our American agenda. It is fiscally proper
and morally responsible, Mr. Chairman.
So why is title X funding being increased?
Well, I cannot answer this, but I believe it is the priorities of the
American people that we make sure that our senior citizens are fed
well, healthy, and nutritiously. The thing that we have got to remember
is that title X programs have been shown to be inefficient,
ineffective, and riddled with criticism and controversy.
Since title X was enacted, the teenage out-of-wedlock rate has
actually doubled and the teenage abortion rate has actually doubled and
the increase of sexually transmitted disease has increased to a point
where 1 in 4 sexually experienced teenagers are infected every year.
Mr. Chairman, when we get back to our districts next week and visit
our elderly constituents of the local senior center, will we be able to
look into their eyes and tell them that abortion counseling is more
important than hot meals to be served at our senior centers?
I think we all feel about the same way on this, that our seniors need
to not only be cared for; we need to live up to our promises with our
senior centers and to our senior citizens. But they need to be honored
and respected
[[Page H7035]]
in the manner that I believe this amendment will do.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, let me say to the gentlewoman from Idaho that I
determined, and the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] agreed earlier,
that we could accept this amendment and we do accept it. I certainly
agree with the gentlewoman's remarks regarding the senior citizens'
programs. I do not agree at all with the gentlewoman's remarks
regarding title X.
But the point I would like to make is that it is very difficult when
you are reading a bill paragraph by paragraph or section by section to
return to an earlier part of the bill when someone misses the point at
which they are to offer an amendment. Once you do that, you have to do
it for everyone who misses the opportunities the rules provide, and
pretty soon you have chaos on the floor. You do not have an orderly
procedure and no one knows where you are.
I would say to the gentlewoman from Idaho that I believe that the
gentleman from Wisconsin is being very gracious in allowing this
amendment to be taken up at this point, and that I hope all Members on
both sides of the aisle will be very vigilant in watching as we read
the bill so that we can have amendments offered at the proper time.
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Chenoweth amendment. I do want
to say, I appreciate our colleagues on both sides of the aisle for not
objecting to consideration of this amendment at this point. I think it
perhaps proves the point that the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn]
and I were making, that these are very vital and important issues and
ought to be addressed on the floor of the House.
I cannot tell my colleagues how important this program is that the
Chenoweth amendment seeks to obtain additional funding for. Last
Christmas, Ruthie and I both volunteered with a program run out of our
local hospital that delivers hot meals to indigent senior citizens who
otherwise would have no hope for having a nutritious meal. To see the
love and thanks in their eyes as we rang the doorbell and delivered
those meals told me how important this program is for those citizens in
this country.
I have to, frankly, agree with the gentlewoman from Idaho [Mrs.
Chenoweth], it would be difficult for me to go back home and say, we
chose to have family planning services above those meals. I think she
is doing us a great service by bringing this amendment forward, setting
forth clearly that this House is in strong support of those programs
for meals for senior citizens at the centers and in their homes.
I want to commend her on that effort and, again, thank Members on
both sides of the aisle who allowed this issue to come forward.
Hopefully, we will be able to see a full discussion of all of the
issues that we have in this bill so that we can truly say that the
House of Representatives today and in the coming days has debated the
priorities in one of the most important funding bills of our entire
government.
As we have said earlier in the debate, there are some fundamental
differences about whether we want to continue to fund programs that
primarily affect people here in Washington or do we want to send this
money out to programs that are doing good things for real Americans
outside of the beltway?
My choice is for the latter, and I will continue to support
amendments that seek to redirect priorities in this bill in that
manner.
Mr. Chairman, that is the remainder of my comments on this amendment.
Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong support
of the amendment to H.R. 2264 offered today by my friend and colleague
from Idaho, Mrs. Chenoweth. The amendment will restore the unjustified
cut in funding for the Older Americans Act's Congregate Meals Program
included in H.R. 2264.
As we make the tough choices needed to balance our budget, we cannot
forget the needs of our senior citizens, most of whom live on fixed
incomes and have limited means.
The importance of Congregate Meals for the senior citizens of New
Jersey and across this Nation cannot be overstated. In 1996, the Mercer
County, New Jersey Office on Aging reported that 1,483 persons received
almost 119,839 nutritious meals provided in part under the Older
Americans Act. For many of these senior citizens, the meals provided at
the 13 senior centers in Mercer County represented their main meal for
the day. There is abundant evidence that senior citizens who live on
their own suffer from poor nutrition and depression, and the Congregate
Meals Program is critical to keeping people healthy and out of
expensive long-term care institutions.
Equally important is the fact that Congregate Meals often form the
nucleus of senior citizen outreach efforts. The meals are social events
by which seniors are connected with other critical services. The Mercer
County Office on Aging informs me that the Congregate Meals Program
serves to draw in senor citizens to their 13 senior centers. A senior
who arrives at the center to eat a nutritious meal will also improve
their social skills and learn about other services and opportunities.
The situation is much the same in Ocean County as well. I have
received word from Phil Rubenstein, executive director of the Ocean
County Office of Senior Services, that tomorrow approximately 600
individuals will eat a meal and enjoy the company of others at a
Congregate nutrition site.
Unless the cuts in this important program are restored, senior
citizens centers across this country will have a harder time conducting
their outreach efforts, and seniors will suffer from reduced
opportunities to receive other important services as well.
In conclusion, cutting Congregate Meals is extremely shortsighted and
will only serve to undermine the effectiveness of an array of senior
citizen services provided under the Older Americans Act. I urge all of
my colleagues to support the Chenoweth amendment to H.R. 2264.
Mr. LoBIONDO. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the amendment
offered by the gentlelady from Idaho.
Mr. Chairman, let me emphasize something I have said time and time
again here on the House floor: Senior nutrition programs are Government
and local partnerships that work. They provide humanitarian assistance
to old Americans who are grateful for the helping hand of their
neighbors.
Congregate Meals programs, in particular, give seniors the
opportunity to get out of their homes, socialize, and eat nutritious,
low-cost meals. In short, they allow seniors to feel like they are a
part of the community.
At a time when the senior population in our country is growing
rapidly, Congress needs to expand its support for senior meal programs.
It makes good fiscal sense to support them--because a dollar spent on
senior nutrition programs goes a long way. In fact, Federal funding for
Congregate Meals and Meals On Wheels actually saves money in the
Medicare and Medicaid programs.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to vote for the Chenoweth
amendment, and help restore funding for Congregate Meals programs to
fiscal year 1997 levels.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The question is on the amendment offered by
the gentlewoman from Idaho [Mrs. Chenoweth].
The question was taken; and the Chairman pro tempore announced that
the ayes appeared to have it.
Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote and,
pending that, I make the point of order that a quorum is not present.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does the gentleman from California [Mr.
Miller] withdraw his point of order?
Mr. MILLER of California. Yes, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The point of no quorum is considered
withdrawn.
Does the gentleman from California withdraw his demand for a recorded
vote?
Mr. MILLER of California. Yes, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The amendment is agreed to.
Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I am pleased that the gentleman will join with me in a
colloquy. I am very grateful for the hard work that he and his
subcommittee have put into this 1998 Labor, HHS and Education
appropriations bill. My constituents and I are very pleased with the
increased attention to health issues and funding in this bill.
Mr. Chairman, I want to bring to the gentleman's attention one issue
of great concern to the residents of the Sixth District of Arizona, the
growing incidence of osteoporosis.
As you know, Mr. Chairman, osteoporosis affects 28 million Americans.
The problem is especially acute in Arizona, where fully 14 percent of
the residents are afflicted with osteoporosis. For these reasons, I
[[Page H7036]]
would ask the gentleman that as he goes into conference on the Labor,
HHS and Education appropriations bill, that he give consideration to
the Senate report language suggesting an osteoporosis public education
campaign. Such a campaign would target young women to assist them in
maintaining appropriate health behaviors that can have a significant
effect on bone strength that can last a lifetime. Funding for such a
campaign would come from the amount designated by the bill for the
Office on Women's Health.
Mr. Chairman, I would ask that the gentleman consider the startling
trends in osteoporosis as we proceed to conference and that the
gentleman keep the affected families in mind.
Again, I thank the gentleman for his time and consideration of this
important issue.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. HAYWORTH. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Arizona is correct. The
prevalence of osteoporosis is startling. The American public should be
made aware of the health benefits of proper diet and exercise that can
affect long-term bone health.
{time} 1345
The gentleman should know that my wife, Kathryn, is also very
interested in this issue. She has recently written the Secretary of
Health and Human Services in support of the gentleman's intended effort
in this regard, and I will take the gentleman's request under
advisement and thank him for his work on this issue.
Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Chairman, again I thank the chairman of the
subcommittee.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. If there are no further amendments at this
point, the Clerk will read.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Istook
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment made in order under
the rule, which I would like to bring up at this time.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment if
it is in order at this point.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I understand there may be another Member
that has an amendment that would, in the normal course of things,
precede mine, so I would reserve my right to bring it up before we
conclude title II.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does the gentleman ask unanimous consent to
withdraw his amendment, because the gentleman's amendment is not in
order at this time?
Mr. ISTOOK. Yes, Mr. Chairman, at this time.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
national center for research resources
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to research resources and
general research support grants, $436,961,000: Provided, That
none of these funds shall be used to pay recipients of the
general research support grants program any amount for
indirect expenses in connection with such grants: Provided
further, That $20,000,000 shall be for extramural facilities
construction grants.
john e. fogarty international center
For carrying out the activities at the John E. Fogarty
International Center, $27,620,000.
national library of medicine
For carrying out section 301 and title IV of the Public
Health Service Act with respect to health information
communications, $161,171,000, of which $4,000,000 shall be
available until expended for improvement of information
systems: Provided, That in fiscal year 1998, the Library may
enter into personal services contracts for the provision of
services in facilities owned, operated, or constructed under
the jurisdiction of the National Institutes of Health.
Amendment No. 24 Offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I offer amendment number 24.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 24 offered by Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas:
In the item relating to ``National Institutes of Health--
national library of medicine'', insert after the first dollar
amount (before the comma) ``(reduced by $2,500,000)''.
In the item relating to ``Office of the Secretary--general
departmental management'', insert after the first dollar
amount (before the comma) ``(increased by $2,000,000)''.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, it is of great interest to
our community and this Nation, as we talk about the education of our
children and providing them with opportunities, that we also give them
the ability not to start their matured, adult life too early. My
amendment goes to the general concern in this Nation of increasing the
funding by $2 million to prevent teenage pregnancy. In particular, this
amendment deals with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
with the intent to provide the CDC more dollars for their CDC teen
pregnancy prevention program.
The concept of this program I find very valuable and interesting, in
that it works to enhance coalitions in the community that would work
together to provide the necessary skills and tools for our young women,
our teenage girls, our preadolescents to themselves prevent teenage
pregnancy.
For example, this program deals with youth development, involving
building the special talents of individuals, leadership training, job
skills opportunities and achievement, prevention skills development,
including family life and planning of education through school health
education and after-school programs, educational enhancement, community
service, and role modeling.
It also does something that is extremely important for a young girl
just about to cross the precipice of adolescence, the creation of
supportive environments including enhancing constructive parent-child
communications, school policies and norms, community opinion leaders'
support, and dialog between individuals.
For many of us who may think that the teenage pregnancy issue will go
away or has gone away, let me simply say to my colleagues that every
year approximately 1 million teenagers in this country become pregnant
and 90 percent of those pregnancies are unintended.
The teenage pregnancy rate for women under 20 has increased by more
than 20 percent since the early 1970's. Of the 1 million teens who
become pregnant, about half give birth, about 40 percent choose
abortion, and the remaining 10 percent miscarry.
How many of us have heard the tragic stories on prom night, where
teenagers have given birth at their prom night, which should be an
exciting night of joy and enthusiasm but turns into a criminal offense
and sometimes the ending, tragically, of a newborn baby; and of course,
the terrible devastation on family and that young teenage mother.
There are significant social and economic costs associated with
premature parenthood for the child, the parent, and for society at
large. Fewer than 60 percent of teen mothers graduate from high school
by age 25. When we begin to talk about welfare reform, this is where we
should begin.
In my district, Mr. Chairman, I am very proud that we have begun to
convene those who are proposing to coalesce around these very issues of
teenage pregnancy prevention. They are already working individually,
and I have convened them over the last year and intend to have them
work together.
Mr. Chairman, I would hope that we would continue to emphasize this
coalition effort and that Texas Southern University, under the guidance
of Dr. Bobby Henderson, will be part of this pivotal responsibility.
Because of that, Mr. Chairman, I would like to raise a question with
the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] on this very important issue
of teenage pregnancy prevention and my amendment and the issue of the
importance of teenage pregnancy prevention.
I am offering an amendment to include an extra $2 million to this,
recognizing the $13.7 million and, as well, recognizing the very hard
work of this committee. It is my intention in the spirit of
conciliation to withdraw this amendment; however, my district has a
very high concern with the issue of teenage pregnancy and I want to
implore of the committee, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] and
the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey]. I would like to raise the
question that although the committee does not traditionally segregate
funds, I do want to note that Houston, the fourth largest city in the
Nation, does not have this CDC teen pregnancy prevention program
designated.
[[Page H7037]]
I would like to work with the gentlemen to engage this city, the
fourth largest city in the Nation, with several groups that are working
on teenage prevention, that they may be organized in a coalition and
might be eligible for such funds under the CDC teen pregnancy
prevention program.
I rise today to offer an amendment to H.R. 2264, the Labor-HHS-
Education appropriations bill. This amendment increases funding by $2
million for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the
intent that these funds be used for their teen pregnancy prevention
program and offsets that increase with a $2 million reduction in the
$3.6 billion funding for the Health Resources and Services
Administration.
The teen pregnancy program operated by the CDC is a demonstration
program in operation in 13 communities around the country. This
pregnancy prevention program works with existing programs in these
communities to help them develop a unified effort to prevent teen
pregnancy. They identify problems, strengths, and offer solutions for
resource shortages that are community based. They do not try to change
the message of the community pregnancy prevention programs, but instead
work to amplify their messages by molding them into one voice.
Currently, the teenage pregnancy program at CDC is funded at $13.7
million. With the additional funds, the teen pregnancy program will be
able to expand their work into other communities. This $2 million is
important to our fight to prevent teenage pregnancy.
Every year approximately 1 million teenagers in this country become
pregnant and 90 percent of those pregnancies are unintended. The teen
pregnancy rate for women under 20 has increased by more than 20 percent
since the early 1970's. Of the 1 million teens who become pregnant,
about half give birth, about 40 percent choose abortion, and the
remaining 10 percent miscarry.
There are significant social and economic costs associated with
premature parenthood for the child, the parent, and for society at
large. Fewer than 60 percent of teen mothers graduate from high school
by age 25--compared to 90 percent of those who postpone childbearing.
According to one study, early childbearing reduced schooling by 1 to 3
years.
In addition to lower educational status, early childbearing has an
impact on the economic status of teens by affecting employment
opportunities, marital options, and structure. Teen mothers are four
times as likely as women who have their first child after adolescence
to be poor in their twenties and early thirties and are more likely to
have lower family incomes later in life.
Teenage girls have a higher risk of pregnancy complications--
including maternal mortality and morbidity, miscarriages and
stillbirths, premature births, and nutritional deficiences--than adult
women.
The personal impact of teenage childbearing is two-fold, diminishing
the opportunities of both the mother and the child, for the children of
teenage parents are more likely to become teenage parents themselves,
thus perpetuating the cycle of poverty.
In addition to the personal and societal costs of teen pregnancy the
economic costs are terrific, totalling more than $20 billion each year.
This amount could be halved if childbearing were postponed until the
mother was age 20.
Early childbearing may be delayed with education and a supportive
environment. Teens who have healthy parent-child communications, high
self-esteem, and high educational aspirations are more likely to
postpone childbearing.
It is critical to our children's future that we focus our attention
on preventing adolescent pregnancy. I would now ask my colleagues to
support this amendment. However, because we have agreed to work with
the chairman and ranking member to help Houston and the 18th
Congressional District in the area of funding for teenage pregnancy
prevention. I now withdraw this amendment.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, we would certainly be more than willing to
work with the gentlewoman. I do not know the mechanism by which CDC
designates the places where the program is to be conducted, but I
certainly am willing to work with the gentlewoman.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman from Texas [Ms.
Jackson-Lee] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Ms. Jackson-Lee of Texas was allowed to
proceed for 1 additional minute.)
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, if the gentlewoman will continue to yield,
I would certainly be willing to work with the gentlewoman and with the
CDC to see that we can address this need in the gentlewoman's
community.
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Reclaiming my time, I thank the gentleman
and thank the ranking member, Mr. Chairman.
In conclusion, I might note that the different locations are west and
east, and in the State of Texas we only have one, and in the fourth
largest city in the Nation we do not have such a program. I would look
forward to working with the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] and
appreciate both his kindness and his very hard work on this
legislation.
Mr. Chairman, in the spirit of working with the ranking member and
compromising on this issue, I ask unanimous consent to withdraw my
amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentlewoman from Texas?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The amendment is withdrawn.
Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last
word.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to engage the gentleman from Illinois in a
colloquy, if I may.
I would like first to thank the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter]
for his fine work on this usually contentious piece of legislation. I
know he and his staff have worked long hours to craft this piece of
legislation, and I appreciate all of his hard work and dedication.
I want to engage the gentleman in a colloquy regarding the Centers
for Disease Control AIDS prevention funds. Let me first say that I
believe we should all have compassion for the victims of AIDS. I
support continued funding for AIDS treatment prevention and care.
However, it seems to me that the Federal AIDS education campaign has
emphasized condoms first and treated abstinence as a largely
unrealistic goal, even though medical experts agree that it is the most
medically sound response.
I believe the focus should be changed to personal responsibility on
the part of those infected. I am specifically concerned about the
viability of groups such as PFOX, the Parents and Friends of Ex-gays.
PFOX is a national organization that reaches out to men and women who
want to leave the gay life-style. PFOX's ultimate message is that
homosexuals have options. No one has to be gay and enter its
subculture, instead, they can be heterosexual or live a life of
abstinence. My question relates to the eligibility for CDC prevention
funds.
Are there any restrictions in this bill that would prevent those
funds from being allocated to groups or organizations such as PFOX that
advocate abstinence as a means of AIDS prevention?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I would say to my friend from South
Carolina that as long as those organizations meet the usual eligibility
requirements for CDC AIDS prevention grants and receive high scores in
the peer review process, there is nothing in this bill to restrict them
from receiving CDC funds.
Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina. Reclaiming my time, Mr. Chairman, I
would ask, second, would it be permissible for me to enter into this
record an encouragement of the Centers for Disease Control to consider
allocating funds to groups, such as PFOX, that promote abstinence as a
means to prevent the spread of AIDS?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would again yield,
certainly that would be permissible, and I would encourage these groups
to apply for AIDS prevention funds.
I would like to emphasize, the committee encourages CDC to support
local grantees that advocate a wide range of AIDS prevention measures,
including abstinence and other effective techniques.
Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for
his time.
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Earlier we had a discussion about several amendments to this bill
that
[[Page H7038]]
would have affected funding in title X, the family planning program;
and I must inform my colleagues on the House floor that there are still
some additional amendments that Members would like to see considered
here.
I appreciate the consideration which was given to the gentlewoman
from Idaho [Mrs. Chenoweth] and her very important amendment to take
funding from that program and fund a program that had been reduced in
funding to provide meals to senior citizens.
Some of the other amendments that I think are critically important in
this area have to do with policy preferences that really should be
debated by this Congress. For example, should we be fully funding
research to prevent breast cancer in this country?
I think it is a critical issue. More than 1 out of 10 women will be
struck with breast cancer sometime during their lives. My mother-in-law
is currently undergoing treatment for a recurrence of breast cancer. We
need to talk to those women and act to reassure them that this
Government is doing everything possible to ensure that research is
being done to find the cause of breast cancer, to find treatment that
works and to make sure that that is widely available and known in the
scientific community.
I think these issues are very important, and I guess I would ask my
colleagues to be considerate as we are moving forward in discussing
what are legitimate differences of priorities in these spending bills
and allow us to move forward with amendments and not adopt a procedure
that would gag some of the very important ones.
We do not have hundreds of amendments that have been passed over. It
is not as if it is going to make it impossible to reach final
consideration on this bill, but it is a very important question on
priorities within this title that, due to the procedural restrictions
in the way it is being discussed, may not be addressed.
I would ask my colleagues to allow us to move forward with those
amendments. There are not many, but there are a few very, very
important ones that we need to address in this Congress.
Mr. Chairman, let me also say that I think that this whole debate has
been very helpful in crystallizing some of the fundamental differences
in approach. Many of us believe that the budget agreement is something
that the Congress and the President, that we all need to live up to,
but that within that agreement there are serious questions on
priorities.
Do we want to fund programs that primarily fund bureaucracies here in
Washington or do we want to take those funds and redirect them to
programs that get outside the beltway in the area of education, funds
that will get to our schools so that they can implement programs to
help the disabled and students who need their education improved; in
the area of health, making sure we do research at NIH that will benefit
patients and not create bureaucracies at the Department of HHS; in the
area of labor, to make sure that what we are doing there in regulatory
agencies actually improves safety in the workplace, improves conditions
of American workers so that they have a chance to have a good job and a
good opportunity that will be safe for them.
These philosophical debates fall into a general category of who do
you trust. Do you trust the bureaucracies in Washington or do you trust
people, local government, private institutions, State governments to do
what is best for their communities?
{time} 1400
I think it is an important debate that we have in this Congress.
Frankly, it is a debate that has been glided over as we have discussed
in the last few months the budget agreement, because people got lost in
terms of numbers and funding and appropriations and tax cuts and they
lost track of that more fundamental question that we want to redirect
our attention to here in Congress and, that is, what is the appropriate
role of the Federal Government in these different programs.
Mr. Chairman, as we move forward, I understand there will be
disagreements about particular amendments, I understand that some
people may question motives. I would ask them not to, but to take
seriously what is being discussed in each of these amendments and vote
their conscience, so that we can go back to the American people and
say, this Congress has discussed these issues and we look forward to
continuing that in the coming days, in working with the chairman of the
subcommittee and the ranking member on the other side of the aisle, to
make sure that we have a full and healthy debate, not only on the
details but on those general philosophical questions.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. McINTOSH. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. I would say to the gentleman, he started by talking about
medical research and particularly research on breast cancer. I am sure
that the gentleman is aware that despite in 1996 a need to cut $9
billion from the discretionary----
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The time of the gentleman
from Indiana [Mr. McIntosh] has expired.
(On request of Mr. Porter, and by unanimous consent, Mr. McIntosh was
allowed to proceed for 3 additional minutes.)
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will continue to yield,
that despite the need to make very deep cuts in spending in this bill
and despite a budget resolution that would have made very deep cuts in
funding for the National Institutes of Health, 80 percent of whose
money goes to local academic medical research centers all across
America, we raised funding for NIH by 5.7 percent. This increase
occured while everything else in the bill was being cut. Last year we
increased NIH by 7.5 percent and this year increased it by 6 percent.
The increases for the National Cancer Institute were higher than the
NIH average and we have placed biomedical research at a very, very high
priority in crafting the Labor-HHS bill.
I would also say to the gentleman that as he was speaking, I was told
that the amendments that were passed over are now being redrafted in a
reach-back form that the gentleman from Indiana believes is in order.
If so, those will be able to be heard. I also want to assure him that
our purpose here in providing the process and debate is to shape this
bill and that we want to provide everyone who wishes to participate in
that process every opportunity, within the bounds of the other business
that the House must conduct, to do that. I hope at the end of this
process we will all have looked back on the process and said it was
done in a fair way, it was done in a way that gave us an opportunity to
participate and that we can live with the result.
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, let me say I
appreciate the efforts of the chairman to assist in redrafting those
amendments so they can be discussed on the House floor at the
appropriate moment in the bill, and his staff has been suggesting ways
in which we can do that. I am told that, yes, the two should be able to
be redrafted and be able to be offered at a later time and at an
appropriate point in debate. I do appreciate the general notion that
the gentleman has worked very hard to increase funding for medical
research. I would, however, remind the House that the entire bill, when
looked at from that perspective, is increasing on the order of 10
percent, and so our efforts are to even go beyond the good work that
the chairman has done in getting funds for that medical research and
suggest ways that perhaps we can find even more funds from programs
that in our view at least are perhaps lower priorities and should not
be increased. I know we have a philosophical disagreement on title X.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. McINTOSH. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. The bill is not being increased by 10 percent and a great
deal of the increase in the overall bill is from entitlement programs.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
McIntosh] has again expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. McIntosh was allowed to proceed for 30
additional seconds.)
Mr. McINTOSH. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Illinois to
finish his point.
Mr. PORTER. About 7 percent.
[[Page H7039]]
Mr. McINTOSH. Seven percent on the discretionary programs. Our goal
essentially in this area is to help the chairman even do better and
perhaps go beyond that 7 percent in the medical research area, because
we view that as a key priority, where the Government can help people.
It is not a huge bureaucracy, it is a research program that as the
chairman pointed out, 80 percent of it is beyond Washington and being
done in some of our best medical universities around the country.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
office of the director
(including transfer of funds)
For carrying out the responsibilities of the Office of the
Director, National Institutes of Health, $298,339,000:
Provided, That funding shall be available for the purchase of
not to exceed five passenger motor vehicles for replacement
only: Provided further, That the Director may direct up to 1
percent of the total amount made available in this Act to all
National Institutes of Health appropriations to activities
the Director may so designate: Provided further, That no such
appropriation shall be decreased by more than 1 percent by
any such transfers and that the Congress is promptly notified
of the transfer: Provided further, That NIH is authorized to
collect third party payments for the cost of clinical
services that are incurred in National Institutes of Health
research facilities and that such payments shall be credited
to the National Institutes of Health Management Fund:
Provided further, That all funds credited to the NIH
Management Fund shall remain available for one fiscal year
after the fiscal year in which they are deposited: Provided
further, That up to $500,000 shall be available to carry out
section 499 of the Public Health Service Act.
buildings and facilities
For the study of, construction of, and acquisition of
equipment for, facilities of or used by the National
Institutes of Health, including the acquisition of real
property, $223,100,000, to remain available until expended,
of which $90,000,000 shall be for the clinical research
center; Provided, That, notwithstanding any other provision
of law, a single contract or related contracts for the
development and construction of the clinical research center
may be employed which collectively include the full scope of
the project: Provided further, That the solicitation
and contract shall contain the clause ``availability of
funds'' found at 48 CFR 52.232-18.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES
For carrying out titles V and XIX of the Public Health
Service Act with respect to substance abuse and mental health
services, the Protection and Advocacy for Mentally Ill
Individuals Act of 1986, and section 301 of the Public Health
Service Act with respect to program management,
$2,151,943,000.
RETIREMENT PAY AND MEDICAL BENEFITS FOR COMMISSIONED OFFICERS
For retirement pay and medical benefits of Public Health
Service Commissioned Officers as authorized by law, and for
payments under the Retired Serviceman's Family Protection
Plan and Survivor Benefit Plan and for medical care of
dependents and retired personnel under the Dependents'
Medical Care Act (10 U.S.C. ch. 55), and for payments
pursuant to section 229(b) of the Social Security Act (42
U.S.C. 429(b)), such amounts as may be required during the
current fiscal year.
Agency for Health Care Policy and Research
HEALTH CARE POLICY AND RESEARCH
For carrying out titles III and IX of the Public Health
Service Act, and part A of title XI of the Social Security
Act, $101,588,000; in addition, amounts received from Freedom
of Information Act fees, reimbursable and interagency
agreements, and the sale of data tapes shall be credited to
this appropriation and shall remain available until expended:
Provided, That the amount made available pursuant to section
926(b) of the Public Health Service Act shall not exceed
$47,412,000.
Health Care Financing Administration
GRANTS TO STATES FOR MEDICAID
For carrying out, except as otherwise provided, titles XI
and XIX of the Social Security Act, $71,530,429,000, to
remain available until expended.
For making, after May 31, 1998, payments to States under
title XIX of the Social Security Act for the last quarter of
fiscal year 1998 for unanticipated costs, incurred for the
current fiscal year, such sums as may be necessary.
Parliamentary Inquiry
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, if I might inquire as to when in the debate
amendments would be allowable that are restraining amendments or
limiting amendments or blocking amendments as far as prohibitions.
Could we have a ruling of the Chair?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. If the gentleman could identify those
amendments by name and number.
Mr. COBURN. Manzullo-Coburn in terms of needle exchange. Coburn in
terms of CDC, use of funds.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Chair would advise that the Istook
amendment, for example, is made in order at the end of title II under
the unanimous consent request that is functioning as a rule for
consideration of this bill. That would come at the end of page 63. The
Chair would entertain comments about the other amendments that are
thought to be pending but is not prepared to engage in a parliamentary
decision at this point.
Mr. COBURN. Might we have a decision as to an amendment that
prohibits the use of Federal funds on needle exchange programs; should
that come at the end of title II as well?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, it is our understanding that that comes in
the general provisions of the bill at the end. That was our
understanding.
Mr. COBURN. May we have a ruling that that is where that would come?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Would the gentleman identify the name and
the number of the amendment?
Mr. COBURN. It is Coburn, and I believe it is 35.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Oklahoma is advised that
it comes at the end of the bill. Amendment 35, that would be on page
102.
Mr. COBURN. I thank the Chair.
Mr. Chairman, there is another amendment, a Coburn-Ackerman
amendment, that prohibits the use of CDC moneys for blind testing for
infants for HIV testing.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. This would be the Coburn amendment No. 36?
Mr. COBURN. I believe so.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. That was also drafted to come at the end of
the bill. That would be on page 102.
The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
For making payments to States under title XIX of the Social
Security Act for the first quarter of fiscal year 1999,
$27,800,689,000, to remain available until expended.
Payment under title XIX may be made for any quarter with
respect to a State plan or plan amendment in effect during
such quarter, if submitted in or prior to such quarter and
approved in that or any subsequent quarter.
payments to health care trust funds
For payment to the Federal Hospital Insurance and the
Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds, as
provided under sections 217(g) and 1844 of the Social
Security Act, sections 103(c) and 111(d) of the Social
Security Amendments of 1965, section 278(d) of Public Law 97-
248, and for administrative expenses incurred pursuant to
section 201(g) of the Social Security Act, $63,581,000,000.
program management
For carrying out, except as otherwise provided, titles XI,
XVIII, and XIX of the Social Security Act, titles XIII and
XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, the Clinical
Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988, and section 191 of
Public Law 104-191, not to exceed $1,679,435,000 to be
transferred from the Federal Hospital Insurance and the
Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds, as
authorized by section 201(g) of the Social Security Act;
together with all funds collected in accordance with section
353 of the Public Health Service Act, the latter funds to
remain available until expended, together with such sums as
may be collected from authorized user fees and the sale of
data, which shall remain available until expended: Provided,
That all funds derived in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 9701 from
organizations established under title XIII of the Public
Health Service Act are to be credited to and available for
carrying out the purposes of this appropriation.
health maintenance organization loan and loan guarantee fund
For carrying out subsections (d) and (e) of section 1308 of
the Public Health Service Act, any amounts received by the
Secretary in connection with loans and loan guarantees under
title XIII of the Public Health Service Act, to be available
without fiscal year limitation for the payment of outstanding
obligations. During fiscal year 1998, no commitments for
direct loans or loan guarantees shall be made.
Administration for Children and Families
family support payments to states
For making payments to each State for carrying out the
program of Aid to Families with Dependent Children under
title IV-A of the Social Security Act before the effective
date of the program of Temporary Assistance to Needy Families
(TANF) with respect to such State, such sums as may be
necessary:
[[Page H7040]]
Provided, That the sum of the amounts available to a State
with respect to expenditures under such title IV-A in fiscal
year 1997 under this appropriation and under such title IV-A
as amended by the Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 shall not exceed the
limitations under section 116(b) of such Act.
For making, after May 31 of the current fiscal year,
payments to States or other non-Federal entities under
titles, I, IV-D, X, XI, XIV, and XVI of the Social Security
Act and the Act of July 5, 1960 (24 U.S.C. ch. 9), for the
last three months of the current year for unanticipated
costs, incurred for the current fiscal year, such sums as may
be necessary.
For making payments to States or other non-Federal entities
under titles I, IV-D, X, XI, XIV, and XVI of the Social
Security Act and the Act of July 5, 1960 (24 U.S.C. ch. 9),
for the first quarter of fiscal year 1999, $660,000,000, to
remain available until expended.
low income home energy assistance
For making payments under title XXVI of the Omnibus Budget
Reconciliation Act of 1981, $1,000,000,000, to be available
for obligation in the period October 1, 1998 through
September 30, 1999.
For making payments under title XXVI of such Act,
$300,000,000: Provided, That these funds are hereby
designated by Congress to be emergency requirements pursuant
to section 251(b)(2)(D) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
Deficit Control Act of 1985: Provided further, That these
funds shall be made available only after submission to
Congress of a formal budget request by the President that
includes designation of the entire amount of the request as
an emergency requirement as defined in the Balanced Budget
and Emergency Deficit Control Act.
refugee and entrant assistance
For making payments for refugee and entrant assistance
activities authorized by title IV of the Immigration and
Nationality Act and section 501 of the Refugee Education
Assistance Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-422), $415,000,000:
Provided, That funds appropriated pursuant to section 414(a)
of the Immigration and Nationality Act under Public Law 104-
134 for fiscal year 1996 shall be available for the costs of
assistance provided and other activities conducted in such
year and in fiscal years 1997 and 1998.
child care and development block grant
For carrying out sections 658A through 658R of the Omnibus
Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (The Child Care and
Development Block Grant Act of 1990), $1,000,000,000 to
become available on October 1, 1998 and remain available
through September 30, 1999: Provided, That of funds
appropriated for each of fiscal years 1998 and 1999,
$19,120,000 shall be available for child care resource and
referral and school-aged child care activities.
social services block grant
For making grants to States pursuant to section 2002 of the
Social Security Act, $2,245,000,000: Provided, That
notwithstanding section 2003(c) of such Act, as amended, the
amount specified for allocation under such section for fiscal
year 1998 shall be $2,245,000,000.
Point of Order
Mr. SHAW. Mr. Chairman, I make a point of order against the social
services block grant provision in title II of the bill on the grounds
that it violates clause 2(b) of rule XXI of the rules of the House.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman will state his point of
order.
Mr. SHAW. Mr. Chairman, clause 2(b) of rule XXI states that no
provision changing existing law shall be reported in any general
appropriation bill. Specifically, in the social services block grant
provision of title II of the bill, the amount to which States are
entitled under section 2003(c), beginning on line 24 of page 41 of the
Social Security Act, is reduced from $2,380 million to $2,245 million.
This change of authority over the entitlement amount falls under the
jurisdiction of the Committee on Ways and Means and clearly violates
rule XXI 2(b), which prohibits legislating on an appropriations bill.
Therefore, the point of order applies, and I urge the Chair to sustain
the point of order.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does any other Member wish to be heard on
the point of order?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, we concede the point of order.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The point of order is conceded and
sustained. The provision is stricken.
The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
children and families services programs (including rescissions)
For carrying out, except as otherwise provided, the Runaway
and Homeless Youth Act, the Developmental Disabilities
Assistance and Bill of Rights Act, the Head Start Act, the
Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, the Native American
Programs Act of 1974, title II of Public Law 95-266 (adoption
opportunities), the Abandoned Infants Assistance Act of 1988,
part B(1) of title IV and sections 413, 429A and 1110 of the
Social Security Act; for making payments under the Community
Services Block Grant Act; and for necessary administrative
expenses to carry out said Acts and titles I, IV, X, XI, XIV,
XVI, and XX of the Social Security Act, the Act of July 5,
1960 (24 U.S.C. ch. 9), the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
of 1981, title IV of the Immigration and Nationality Act of
1981, title IV of the Immigration and Nationality Act,
section 501 of the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980,
and section 126 and titles IV and V of Public Law 100-485,
$5,565,217,000, of which $537,165,000 shall be for making
payments under the Community Services Block Grant Act:
Provided, That to the extent Community Services Block Grant
funds are distributed as grant funds by a State to an
eligible entity as provided under the Act, and have not been
expended by such entity, they shall remain with such entity
for carryover into the next fiscal year for expenditure by
such entity consistent with program purposes.
In addition, $99,000,000, to be derived from the Violent
Crime Reduction Trust Fund, for carrying out sections 40155,
40211 and 40241 of Public Law 103-322.
Funds appropriated for fiscal year 1998 under section
429A(e), part B of title IV of the Social Security Act shall
be reduced by $6,000,000.
Funds appropriated for fiscal year 1998 under section
413(h)(1) of the Social Security Act shall be reduced by
$15,000,000.
family preservation and support
For carrying out section 430 of the Social Security Act,
$255,000,000.
payments to states for foster care and adoption assistance
For making payments to States or other non-Federal
entities, under title IV-E of the Social Security Act,
$3,200,000,000.
For making payments to States or other non-Federal
entities, under title IV-E of the Social Security Act, for
the first quarter of fiscal year 1999, $1,157,500,000.
Administration on Aging
aging services programs
For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided, the
Older Americans Act of 1965, as amended, $810,545,000:
Provided, That notwithstanding section 308(b)(1) of such Act,
the amounts available to each State for administration of the
State plan under title III of such Act shall be reduced not
more than 5 percent below the amount that was available to
such State for such purpose for fiscal year 1995.
Office of the Secretary
general departmental management
For necessary expenses, not otherwise provided, for general
departmental management, including hire of six sedans, and
for carrying out titles III, XVII, and XX of the Public
Health Service Act, $159,636,000, together with $5,851,000,
to be transferred and expended as authorized by section
201(g)(1) of the Social Security Act from the Hospital
Insurance Trust Fund and the Supplemental Medical Insurance
Trust Fund.
office of inspector general
For expenses necessary for the Office of Inspector General
in carrying out the provisions of the Inspector General Act
of 1978, as amended, $31,921,000.
Amendment No. 15 Offered by Mr. Burton of Indiana
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 15 offered by Mr. Burton of Indiana:
Page 44, line 24, after the dollar amount, insert the
following: ``(decreased by $1,000,000)''.
Page 73, line 15, after the first dollar amount, insert the
following ``(increased by $1,000,000)''.
Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Chairman, this is a noncontroversial
amendment, I believe. My cosponsor is the gentlewoman from Colorado
[Ms. DeGette].
{time} 1415
This regards the We The People program, and the goal of the We The
People Program is the most fundamental of American purposes, the
perpetuation of American democracy. The We The People Program is
conducted across our Nation in elementary, middle, and high schools,
preparing students to take their civic obligations very seriously.
The program's material grounds students in the basic text of American
democracy, including the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution,
the Bill of Rights, and the Federalist Papers, and follow the
development of American constitutional principles throughout our
Nation's history.
Since its inception 9 years ago, more than 22.6 million students have
studied and benefited from the We The People Program, and at least
70,000 teachers have utilized their materials. The $5.5 million funding
level provided for in this amendment was originally proposed in the
President's budget and
[[Page H7041]]
was supported by 62 Members from 32 States that signed a letter to the
gentleman from Louisiana, Chairman Livingston, supporting the $5.5
million level.
Members other than myself who have testified on behalf of this
program include the gentleman from North Dakota [Mr. Pomeroy], the
gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas], the gentleman from Alabama [Mr.
Bachus], the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. Neal], and the gentleman
from Indiana [Mr. Hamilton].
Every Federal dollar for this worthy program secures at least $10 in
matching support from the private sector. There is a 10 to 1 ratio from
the private sector for this program.
The CBO has scored this amendment as revenue neutral or negative.
This is offset by a transfer of funds from another area on page 44,
line 24, where we are decreasing the amount by $1 million and adding $1
million after the first dollar amount on page 73, line 15.
Mr. Chairman, we believe this is a worthwhile project. It is one that
everybody in the country I think would support, almost without
exception. Young people today really need to know about the
Constitution. They really need to understand what the Federalist Papers
were all about. They need to understand the Bill of Rights. This
program shows by its history that it is very worthwhile and benefits
everybody in this country, but particularly our young people.
Ms. DeGETTE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to urge my colleagues to support the Burton-
DeGette amendment, and I want to thank the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
Burton] for his support and efforts on behalf of We The People. I can
think of no better lesson for the students of this country than the
value of bipartisanship where we can find it, and this amendment is a
great example in this regard.
I know firsthand how well this program works, because there is a high
school back in my district in Denver, East High School, whose students
have done extraordinarily well in the We The People competitions over
the last decade. East High School has been among the top 10 finalists
seven times in the last 9 years, and they won the competition in 1992.
This year they came to Washington once again and won honorable mention
by placing in the top seven of the national competition.
I know about East High School's great achievements because for
several years in the early 1990's I was a volunteer coach for the East
High School Bill of Rights team, and I will tell you that these high
school students, even though I was a practicing attorney, often knew a
lot more about the Bill of Rights as a result of the We The People
program than I did. So I am a strong proponent of this program, and I
believe that not only should it be continued at the high school level,
but extended to junior high schools as well.
Mr. Chairman, a lot of times we as policymakers all ask ourselves the
question, how do you solve the problem of a disenchanted and cynical
electorate? I do not think there is a magical solution, but I think
programs like We The People come very close to providing as good a
remedy as we will ever get.
In an era where political ambivalence, voter apathy, and distrust of
government characterizes too many of our constituents, it is essential
that we should support a program for high school and junior high school
students to learn about their government and learn how important
players they can be.
The $1 million in the Burton-DeGette amendment provided to We The
People will allow it to expand its Project Citizen Program designed for
students in grades 6 through 9, the optimum age, according to
researchers, for building student interest in civic life and politics.
Project Citizen calls on students to work together on a class project
to identify and study a public policy issue of particular interest to
them. Project Citizen focuses students' attention on behalf of State
and local governments, which are often neglected in civics courses and
textbooks, even though they are the levels of government most often
utilized and immediately affecting the lives of citizens.
The increased funding will be used to fully implement the Project
Citizen Program in all 50 States and help it become as quality a civic
education program for middle school students as the We The People
Program is for the high school students.
When we first started working on this program at East High School,
very few schools actually participated. In the 10 years since the
program began, though, over 75,000 teachers have implemented the We The
People Program in the classroom. I think that this growth in 10 years
speaks for itself about the success of the program. This program, I
believe, can really change attitudes toward government and toward what
government can do in our society.
Mr. Chairman, for those reasons, I really again applaud my colleague
from Indiana [Mr. Burton] for offering this amendment with me, and urge
my colleagues to accept the Burton-DeGette amendment.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. DeGETTE. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, we accept the amendment.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. DeGETTE. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, on this side we also accept the amendment.
Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last
word.
Mr. Chairman, I want to commend the gentlewoman from Colorado [Ms.
DeGette] and the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Burton] for offering this
amendment. This program is a valued program, and it does teach children
about the Bill of Rights and about our civic system of government in
this United States.
I must also say that I think the same students studying the
Government would be surprised to find out that here in the people's
House, we are unable to get an issue as important to the electoral
process and to the participation of the American people within the
electoral process, a matter of campaign finance reform, scheduled in
the House of Representatives.
These very same people who are studying about the Bill of Rights and
the Constitution of the United States and guaranteeing one man-one
vote, a fundamental finding of the Supreme Court, will find out that it
is not one man-one vote, not one person-one vote, but it becomes
something other than that when you engage in the soft money
exploitations of the campaign laws of this country.
We are witnessing hearings now that continue to discover the
overwhelming amounts of soft money that have been plowed into
campaigns, some disclosed, which we are finding about; unfortunately,
much of it not disclosed, that we have not yet found out about, soft
money that has flowed to both parties, that dramatically amplifies the
voice of those individuals giving soft money to both parties, entities
such as the Philip Morris Co., R.J. Nabisco, Federal Home Loan, Union
Pacific, Southern Pacific, Atlantic Richfield, Walt Disney, Chevron,
Coca Cola, Boeing, AT&T, the telecommunications corporation, and
Anheuser-Busch. The list goes on and on and on.
What it adds up is millions and millions of dollars that have been
funneled to each party, to overwhelm the basic limitations that we have
in this system to try to make sure that individuals can participate
with meaning in the election of Members of the House of
Representatives.
So while I strongly support this amendment and this program, and I
commend the authors of this amendment for bringing it to the floor, I
think that we ought to fully understand that it is not all as these
young people will study.
The hard-ball realities of politics is that there is a filibuster
going on in this House against bringing campaign finance reform to the
floor of the House so the body can work its will, so we can have
competing proposals on the floor, so hopefully we can get rid of the
soft money that has become sewer money, that is undermining the
processes in this House, that is undermining our electorial process,
and, in fact, caused people to stay away from the elections in this
country because they do not believe that their vote counts, they do not
believe that their voice matters, they believe that the big special
interests are those who win day in and day out.
[[Page H7042]]
It is very hard to argue against the public on that matter, because
the fact of the matter is that the big special interests are engaged in
both parties. They are betting on both black and red. If they were at
the roulette table, they cannot lose. They cannot lose.
The fact of the matter is it ought not to be allowed to continue, and
we ought to have the right in this House before we get out of this
House this year, in this month of September, we ought to be able to
have a free and open debate on campaign finance reform. But we are not
able to have that.
Therefore, continuing the process against the actions of the
Republican leadership here to bottle up campaign finance reform, I will
be asking for a vote on this amendment, and I encourage Members to
support this worthy amendment dealing with the program of We The
People.
Ms. FURSE. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to support the Burton-DeGette
amendment to increase funding for civic education by $1 million, from
$4.5 million to $5.5 million. The ``We the People * * * Citizens and
the Constitution'' civic education program is a proven educational
program which provides teacher training and resources with the goal of
preparing elementary, middle, and high school students to become
contributing members of the American civic culture. The program focuses
on the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights and fosters civic
competence and responsibility among students.
The ``We the People * * * Citizens and the Constitution'' civic
education program has been especially successful in my district. This
year students from Lincoln High School in Portland, OR placed third in
the national competition, and last year Lincoln High placed first in
the country. It is an honor to represent these hardworking students and
to support continued investment in this program.
The ``We the People * * *'' program provides an excellent opportunity
for students to gain an informed perspective on the significance of the
U.S. Constitution and its place in our history and our lives. I urge my
colleagues to support the Burton-Gette amendment and continue the
expansion and success of civic education for our children.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The question is on the amendment offered by
the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Burton].
The question was taken; and the Chairman pro tempore announced that
the ayes appeared to have it.
Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote, and
pending that, I make the point of order that a quorum is not present.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Evidently, a quorum is not present.
Does the gentleman from California insist on his point of no quorum?
Mr. MILLER of California. Yes, I do, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 2, rule XXIII, the Chair
will reduce to a minimum of 5 minutes the period of time within which a
vote by electronic device, if ordered, will be taken on the pending
question following the quorum call. Members will record their presence
by electronic device.
The call was taken by electronic device.
The following Members responded to their names:
[Roll No. 375]
ANSWERED ``PRESENT''--409
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Aderholt
Allen
Andrews
Armey
Bachus
Baesler
Baker
Baldacci
Ballenger
Barcia
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Barrett (WI)
Bartlett
Barton
Bass
Bateman
Bentsen
Bereuter
Berman
Berry
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Bishop
Blagojevich
Bliley
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Boehner
Bonilla
Bonior
Bono
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brady
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Bryant
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Buyer
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canady
Cannon
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Chabot
Chambliss
Chenoweth
Christensen
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Condit
Conyers
Cook
Cooksey
Costello
Cox
Coyne
Cramer
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cummings
Cunningham
Danner
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
Deal
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
DeLay
Deutsch
Dickey
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Doolittle
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Edwards
Ehlers
Ehrlich
Emerson
Engel
English
Ensign
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Everett
Ewing
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Flake
Foglietta
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Fowler
Fox
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Furse
Gallegly
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gephardt
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Gordon
Goss
Graham
Granger
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hamilton
Hansen
Harman
Hastert
Hastings (FL)
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Hefner
Herger
Hill
Hilleary
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Hostettler
Houghton
Hoyer
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E.B.
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kasich
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kleczka
Klink
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
LaFalce
LaHood
Lampson
Lantos
Largent
Latham
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Lowey
Lucas
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Manzullo
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McHugh
McInnis
McIntosh
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Metcalf
Mica
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Morella
Murtha
Myrick
Nadler
Neal
Nethercutt
Neumann
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Packard
Pallone
Pappas
Parker
Pascrell
Pastor
Paul
Paxon
Payne
Pease
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pickett
Pitts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Portman
Poshard
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Redmond
Regula
Reyes
Riley
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rogan
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Rush
Ryun
Sabo
Salmon
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sanford
Sawyer
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer, Dan
Schaffer, Bob
Schumer
Scott
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Shimkus
Shuster
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Adam
Snowbarger
Snyder
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Spratt
Stabenow
Stearns
Stenholm
Stokes
Strickland
Stump
Stupak
Sununu
Talent
Tanner
Tauscher
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Thune
Thurman
Tiahrt
Tierney
Traficant
Turner
Upton
Vento
Visclosky
Walsh
Wamp
Waters
Watkins
Watt (NC)
Watts (OK)
Waxman
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Weygand
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wise
Wolf
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
{time} 1443
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Four hundred nine Members have answered to
their name, a quorum is present, and the Committee will resume its
business.
Recorded Vote
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The pending business is the demand of the
gentleman from California [Mr. Miller] for a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. This will be a 5-minute vote.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 417,
noes 3, not voting 13, as follows:
[Roll No. 376]
AYES--417
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Aderholt
Allen
Andrews
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Baesler
Baker
Baldacci
Ballenger
Barcia
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Barrett (WI)
Bartlett
Barton
Bateman
Bentsen
Bereuter
Berman
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Bishop
Blagojevich
Bliley
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Bonilla
Bonior
Bono
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brady
Brown (CA)
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Bryant
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Buyer
Callahan
Calvert
Camp
Campbell
Canady
Cannon
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Chabot
Chambliss
Chenoweth
Christensen
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Condit
Conyers
Cook
Cooksey
Costello
[[Page H7043]]
Cox
Coyne
Cramer
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cummings
Cunningham
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
Deal
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
DeLay
Deutsch
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Doolittle
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Edwards
Ehlers
Ehrlich
Emerson
Engel
English
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Everett
Ewing
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Flake
Foglietta
Foley
Forbes
Ford
Fowler
Fox
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frost
Furse
Gallegly
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Gordon
Goss
Graham
Granger
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hamilton
Hansen
Harman
Hastert
Hastings (FL)
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Hefner
Herger
Hill
Hilleary
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hoekstra
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Hostettler
Houghton
Hoyer
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E. B.
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kasich
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kleczka
Klink
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
LaFalce
LaHood
Lampson
Lantos
Largent
Latham
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Lowey
Lucas
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Manzullo
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McHugh
McInnis
McIntosh
McIntyre
McKeon
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Metcalf
Mica
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Morella
Murtha
Myrick
Nadler
Neal
Nethercutt
Neumann
Ney
Northup
Norwood
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Oxley
Packard
Pallone
Pappas
Parker
Pascrell
Pastor
Paul
Paxon
Payne
Pease
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pickett
Pitts
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Portman
Poshard
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Ramstad
Rangel
Redmond
Regula
Reyes
Riggs
Riley
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rogan
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Rush
Ryun
Sabo
Salmon
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sanford
Sawyer
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer, Dan
Schaffer, Bob
Schumer
Scott
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Shimkus
Shuster
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Adam
Snowbarger
Snyder
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stearns
Stenholm
Stokes
Strickland
Stump
Stupak
Sununu
Talent
Tanner
Tauscher
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thompson
Thornberry
Thune
Thurman
Tiahrt
Tierney
Traficant
Turner
Upton
Velazquez
Vento
Visclosky
Walsh
Wamp
Waters
Watkins
Watt (NC)
Watts (OK)
Waxman
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Weygand
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wise
Wolf
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOES--3
Bass
Ensign
Thomas
NOT VOTING--13
Becerra
Berry
Boehner
Carson
Dellums
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Owens
Schiff
Serrano
Smith, Linda
Torres
Towns
{time} 1453
Messrs. THOMAS, BASS, and ENSIGN changed their vote from ``aye'' to
``no.''
So the amendment was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Announcement by the Chairman pro tempore
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). The Chair will advise
Members that their failure to be in the Chamber in a timely fashion is
delaying the proceeding of the Committee, and the Chair requests their
cooperation.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
office for civil rights
For expenses necessary for the Office for Civil Rights,
$16,345,000, together with not to exceed $3,314,000, to be
transferred and expended as authorized by section 201(g)(1)
of the Social Security Act from the Hospital Insurance Trust
Fund and the Supplemental Medical Insurance Trust Fund.
policy research
For carrying out, to the extent not otherwise provided,
research studies under section 1110 of the Social Security
Act, $14,000,000.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Souder
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Souder:
Page 45, after line 11, insert the following:
Revision of Amounts
The amounts otherwise provided by this title are revised by
reducing the amount made available for ``Health Resources and
Services Administration--Health Resources and Services'' (and
the amount specified under such heading for the program under
title X of the Public Health Service Act to provide for
voluntary family planning projects), and increasing the
amount made available for ``National Institutes of Health--
National Cancer Institute'', by $40,690,000 and $36,000,000,
respectively.
Point of Order
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I make a point of order against the
amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I make a point of order that the amendment
violates clause 2, rule XXI. The Congress cannot, through a reachback
amendment, add funding to an unauthorized account. And when the
Congress itself periodically authorizes legislation, they vacate the
generic authorizations, and it seems to me under these circumstances
that the amendment is out of order.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
Souder] wish to be recognized on the point of order?
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I believe that the amendment is germane. I
understand the concern. I would like to address the House on the point
of order.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman may be heard on the point of
order.
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, the question of the point of order goes
back to our earlier discussion, which was there was a group of
amendments that we intended to offer at an earlier point, and when one
failed, several failed. We have tried to craft an amendment that we
felt would be in order by inserting a different section.
Mr. Chairman, my amendment would move funds from title X over to the
National Cancer Institute for breast cancer research. I am disappointed
because, as we tried to search through, it was not completely clear as
to whether it would be able to withstand a point of order. I am
terribly disappointed that the minority party would object and exercise
this point of order to stop us from moving funds to breast cancer and
from title X.
{time} 1500
I am disappointed because I think we have tried to work together
through this bill and we have tried to recraft the amendment to make it
in order.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). Are there other Members who
wish to be heard on the point of order?
If not, the Chair is prepared to rule.
Under the precedents of July 12, 1995, as recorded in House Practice
at page 142, and July 16, 1997, an amendment adding matter at the
pending portion of the bill to effect an indirect increase in an
unauthorized amount permitted to remain in a portion of the bill
already passed in the reading is not ``merely perfecting'' for purposes
of clause 2(a) of rule XXI.
The Chair is not aware of an authorization of appropriations for the
National Cancer Institute beyond fiscal year 1996, 42 U.S.C. 285a-8.
The Chair finds that appropriations for the National Cancer Institute
have been the subject of periodic authorization as first cited in
section 417(B) of the Public Health Services Act. Consequently,
reliance on organic law as the source of authorization is no longer
well placed.
Because the most current statutory authorization lapsed with the
fiscal year 1996, the proposal to appropriate
[[Page H7044]]
for the National Cancer Institute is not authorized.
The point of order is sustained.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Coburn
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Coburn:
Page 45, after line 11, insert the following:
Revision of Amounts
The amounts otherwise provided by this title are revised by
increasing the amount made available for ``Health Resources
and Services Administration--Health Resources and Services''
(and the amount specified under such heading for State AIDS
Drug Assistance Programs authorized by section 2616 of the
Public Health Service Act), reducing the amount made
available for ``Agency for Health Care Policy and Research--
Health Care Policy and Research'', reducing the amount made
available for ``Administration for Children and Families--
Refugee and Entrant Assistance'', reducing the amount made
available for ``Office of the Secretary--General Departmental
Management'' from general Federal funds, and reducing the
amount made available for ``Office of the Secretary--Policy
Research'', by $34,868,000, $2,338,000, $22,668,000,
$4,812,000, and $5,000,000, respectively.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I reserve a point of order on the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey]
reserves a point of order.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn].
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, this amendment would shift $35 million from
various programs that have been funded above the President's request,
programs that have been funded above the President's request in the
State AIDS drug assistance programs. The funds would be redirected
primarily from administrative accounts that do not directly benefit
people into an ADAP program which directly benefits hundreds of
thousands of people infected with HIV.
As assistance to those who have HIV, this program provides medicine
for lower income, uninsured individuals who are HIV positive but do not
qualify for Medicaid. Pressures on the State ADAP groups have led 35
States to implement emergency measures in the last year leaving 23
States to cut patients or restrict their access to medically necessary
drugs in fiscal 1997.
In 1996, for the first time in the history of the HIV epidemic, AIDS
deaths declined. They declined because of triple drug therapy.
Unfortunately, that decline was not manifested or recognized in women.
AIDS deaths actually increased. Unfortunately, that decline was not
recognized in minority populations or in children. Those deaths
actually increased.
What this amendment is designed to do, although the chairman of this
committee has worked hard to increase the funding, there will still be
between 30,000 and 70,000 Americans who are HIV infected, who are
uninsured and low income, who will not have availability of these
drugs.
When I am in Oklahoma, at least once a month I work in a free clinic.
Routinely we cannot have available funds through ADAP for people with
HIV to receive triple drug therapy. Does this solve all the problem?
No. The moneys that are taken for this program are coming from moneys
that have been appropriated above what the President of the United
States requested for the various areas which it has been taken and are
moved to help those people who otherwise will not have an opportunity
to have this drug therapy.
I said earlier, if this was any other disease other than HIV, where a
million people were infected and did not know they were, where 350,000
Americans have died and another 350,000 are living with AIDS, there
would be no question that this body would fund medicines for every one
of them. To oppose this amendment on the basis of saying we have done
enough is not a good enough answer to the people in Oklahoma, to the
people in New York, to the people in Florida who do not have this
therapy. They deserve to have this therapy, regardless of how they
contracted this disease. It can prolong their life. It can vastly
improve the quality of their life.
Let us talk about where this money comes from: $2 million comes from
the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research overhead associated with
that; refugee and entrance assistance, $22 million comes from that. Do
we have more of an obligation to those coming into our country than we
have to our citizens born here and infected with this virus that we are
not going to have available drugs for?
Finally, it comes from the Office of the Secretary of Health and
Human Services, General Department, Management and Policy Research, a
total of almost $10 million.
I would ask this body to consider this question: If you had a friend
who could not afford to spend the $6,000 to $7,000 a year to buy these
drugs and we are spending money in other areas in this bill, we are
increasing bureaucratic overhead, we are increasing salaries of
bureaucrats while those, the poorest of the poor, those with the
inability to pay for themselves are dying because we choose not to fund
this appropriately.
Mr. Chairman, had I been able to find moneys, other moneys funded
above the President's request, this request would have been much
larger. And it breaks my heart that we cannot find the moneys to take
care of the people in this country that have this dreaded disease.
I beg this House to support this amendment, to not listen to the AIDS
action groups who want to continue to fund their programs as long as
their little group is funded when those who are of minority status,
when those who are women who have done nothing to contract this disease
do not have available to them a way to have this disease treated.
We all hope some day for a cure for this disease. We do not have a
cure. But we certainly have a way to buy time for those that cannot
afford these medicines.
I beg the Members of this body to not say we have done enough. We
have not done enough. Tell that to the first person who is not going to
get this treatment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Does the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr.
Obey] insist on his point of order?
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation of a point of
order.
Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Could I ask the gentleman from Oklahoma a question. Does he represent
Okmulgee?
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman; will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. COBURN. Yes, Mr. Chairman, I do.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, let me say, I was born in the gentleman's
district. I was born in Okmulgee.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I knew the gentleman had redeeming
qualities.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, my father was the only man in America who
moved to Oklahoma during the Depression to get a job. I was born there
by accident.
I would simply say that I do not think the folks in Okmulgee would
vote for this amendment if they fully understood it.
This bill already increases funding for AIDS drugs from $167 to $299
million. That is an increase of 79 percent. Last year, this committee
also increased funding for this program by $117 million. That means
that this committee in 2 years time, under the leadership of the
gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] has raised this account from $50
to $299 million. I would say that that is going a far piece to meet our
responsibilities in this area.
I would also point out that the area that the gentleman chooses to
take the money from, the major area, is an especially savage source for
his money. We had a major debate in this country last year on welfare
reform. We, I think, properly cut back on the benefit levels that we
were going to provide for immigrants. I do not think that our
immigration policy ought to be used as a substitute for an
international welfare policy.
But refugees are a far different matter. Refugees come to this
country, whether they came to this country because they were Russian
Jews escaping the Soviet Union or whether they came to this country
because they were Hmong refugees who fought and bled and died to help
our GI's in Vietnam and in Laos and lost their country because of it.
When those refugees come to this country, they come to this country
not because a local government or a State government has asked them to
but because the Federal Government has told them to come.
[[Page H7045]]
We have cut back aid to refugees when they come to this country from
the first 36 months that they live here to 8 months. The gentleman's
amendment would cut that back some more.
I want to talk to my colleagues for a moment about one group of
refugees who I do not think we should be savaging by the gentleman's
amendment. That is the Hmong. That is spelled H-m-o-n-g. They were
known as the Montagnards in earlier times. They were used by the CIA as
operatives during the Vietnam war and as secret battlefield allies in
our secret Laos campaign.
They made great personal sacrifices for this country, including the
loss of their homes and the loss of their lives to assist our country.
They rescued downed Americans pilots. They sabotaged the Ho Chi Minh
Trail at our request. They guarded high-technology mountaintop
navigational facilities in Laos at our request, which allowed all-
weather air strikes against North Vietnam. And they fought as ground
troops for 10 years to reduce the opportunity for the North Vietnamese
to fight Americans in South Vietnam.
Ten percent of their entire population died as a result, including
women and children and the elderly. And they lost their homeland to
Communist forces. They were forced to live in refugee camps, some of
them for many years. Some of them are just now, after that long
agonizing period of time, finally coming to the United States. Those
refugees should not be dumped on to the shoulders of local property
taxpayers or State governments. Gov. Pete Wilson is correct when he
objects to the fact that the United States makes immigration and
refugee policy and then dumps the consequences on States and local
taxpayers.
The United States for very good reasons determined that these Hmong
refugees had sacrificed their all.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey] has expired.
(By unanimous consent, Mr. Obey was allowed to proceed for 2
additional minutes.)
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, they sacrificed their all on behalf of
America's troops in Vietnam, America's pilots in Vietnam and Laos. Now
the reward that they would get under this amendment is to have scaled
back further the benefits which some of these folks get in return for
the favors they did to the United States.
{time} 1515
I think that that action on our part would be unconscionable, and so
I would ask the gentleman to recognize that the source of his money is
wrong; and in my view, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] has
already more than amply funded the account into which he wants to put
the money, and I would ask on a bipartisan basis that we reject the
amendment.
Mr. BURR of North Carolina. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last
word.
The gentleman from Wisconsin is correct, the chairman of this
subcommittee has done an unbelievable job of trying to raise the
funding of what is a very, very crucial health issue in this country,
and I commend the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] for his work and
I commend the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] for, in fact, his
work also.
But when we are faced with the reality that there are 1,000 new
patients utilizing ADAP per month, then, quite honestly, the growth
that we have was not quite enough.
The chairman was very responsive to the request of a number of
Members for a specific amount, and as this year has gone on, and this
process, quite honestly, we realize that it is not enough; that as
States, 35 as the gentleman from Oklahoma has stated, start putting
conditions on those who quite frankly will die without this potential
treatment that will not cure them, but it will slow the growth of the
disease until possibly we can find a cure, then in fact the gentleman
from Wisconsin is right, to some degree we are prioritizing where the
American people's money is spent.
Prioritizing it when we take it away from bureaucrats in Washington
is a relatively easy thing; where we give a benefit to some and not to
others, that becomes much tougher. Hopefully, Congress will see in the
future that if we eliminate more bureaucrats, we do not have to make
choices between those who get and those who do not.
But, in fact, we have a very distinct population that we know are
sick, that in fact the population that is affected is shifting from
predominantly males now to women and infants, to those that we are
going to be emotionally tied to in the future; that their hope for life
is on our ability to recognize the progresses of science and of
medicine and to make sure that in fact no person who is sick is
deprived of a way to access that medicine.
We will have individuals in this country without additional funding
for ADAP that will fall through the cracks. They will not and cannot be
recognized for Medicaid payments. And in fact, 16 States instituted
waiting lists for access to certain protease inhibitors. Thirteen
States have capped ADAP enrollment. Fifteen States capped or restricted
access to protease inhibitors. Eleven States reduced the numbers of
drugs covered by ADAP.
To my colleagues on the floor, I would only say there is a wrong
trend. For those of us who have to deal with health issues, the
gentlewoman from California [Ms. Pelosi] and others on the minority
side have worked tirelessly to make sure that the concerns and the real
health problems of many in this country have been addressed. And they
are not limited just to those with HIV; they span across party lines.
And I would suggest to my colleagues this has no party affiliation;
this is an issue about health. My only concern is that for those
patients, be it those with HIV or others who have visited my office
this year, who will not be back next year because we have stymied the
development of new drugs or because we have underfunded those that we
have, will in fact be the losers, not those of us here, not the
American taxpayer. In fact, the loser is the one who we could not get
the treatment to.
This is about treatment, it is about compassion, it is about
prioritizing where the Federal dollars are spent.
I am confident that this body will in fact make the right decision
and increase this funding even more so that in fact those who are most
at risk will receive the benefit they are due.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise with a great deal of sorrow to speak against
this amendment because despite the perhaps good intentions of our
colleague, the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn], for offering it,
it smacks of so much cynicism that I oppose it very, very sadly.
It seems that for the first half of the week, or beginning last
Friday, the Republican majority decided to exploit the good intentions
of the American people and the attitude of the American people toward
disabled children in order to have a political advantage for the
Republicans. And now they are trying to exploit the appropriate
sentiment that the American people have for people with AIDS by
introducing this most unproductive amendment.
As I say, perhaps the maker of the motion and those who support it
come to the table with good intentions, but the appearance of this
amendment is one that really does violence to all of the hard work that
has been done by our chairman, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Porter], by our ranking member the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey],
and so many people who have worked so very hard to increase the funding
for AIDS prevention, research and care and nondiscrimination against
people with HIV/AIDS.
As has been indicated by our ranking member, the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter] has increased the funding in this bill for AIDS
and ADAP, ADAP is AIDS Drugs Assistance Program, by over $132 million.
Is that enough? No. Do we need more? Yes. But that is an issue that
should have been taken up in the budget talks, when we were giving tax
breaks to the wealthiest people in America and funding defense programs
without question, instead of going into what I call our lamb-eat-lamb
bill of Labor, Health and Human Services and Education.
So that instead of trying to grandstand on the misery of people with
HIV and AIDS, we could be increasing the funding without having it come
at the expense of women's health, which is
[[Page H7046]]
cut in this amendment. Women's health which saw a significant increase
in fiscal year 1997 funding could suffer reductions in programs
encouraged by the subcommittee, including National Centers of
Excellence in Women's Health, implementation of the National Women's
Health Information Center and the Missiles to Mammogram program. Or
reductions in minority health, which would adversely impact a variety
of programs aimed at improving the health status of disadvantaged
populations.
And the list goes on and on. As we cut the administration of the
Secretary's office, we decrease the ability of the Department to meet
the needs of the people of our country.
But do not only take my word for it. Those people who are in the
trenches every single day, helping to meet the needs of people with
HIV/AIDS, for example, AIDS Action, on behalf of 2,000 community-based
organizations which they represent, urge opposition to the amendment.
And they say, ``Although additional funds for ADAP is needed, the
majority of the offsets for this amendment come at the expense of other
important public health programs. Chairman Porter has carefully crafted
a bill that addresses the entire AIDS portfolio. In the broadest
context of AIDS health care services, this amendment would upset that
delicate balance.''
Or then we have a message from NAPWA. NAPWA is the National
Association of People With AIDS. It does not represent groups, it
represents individuals, and it opposes the amendment by saying, ``While
new resources are desperately needed for the ADAP program, we should
not have it at the expense of the needs of refugees or even the needs
of the Federal agency that has to administer these funds.''
Or the National Organization Responding to AIDS, NORA. NORA is a
coalition of over 175 health, labor, religious, professional, and
advocacy groups which collectively represent the broadest possible
consensus of issues concerning HIV and AIDS policy legislation and
funding. NORA opposes the amendment by saying, again, ``Although
additional funding for ADAP is certainly needed, the offsets would come
from other public health programs, such as health care for the
homeless, migrant health centers and other health programs which serve
vulnerable populations. The additional offsets from administrative and
policy research accounts help ensure that scarce Federal resources are
spent effectively, and they should not be kept back.''
The organizations that day-to-day work with people with HIV/AIDS urge
prevention programs advocate for more research and certainly advocate
for more funding for the ADAP program, and all oppose the amendment of
the gentleman from Oklahoma. I certainly welcome the opportunity to put
forth on this floor at any chance we get, the fact that there is need
for more funds or for ADAP, and certainly in conference and certainly
at the end of the day we should have more funding, but not at the
expense of women's health and not at the expense of minority health.
I urge our colleagues to vote ``no'' on the Coburn amendment.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I would simply say this in response to the gentlewoman
from California, that the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn] is the
one who is in the trenches. Here is a man who understands what is going
on with the AIDS epidemic in this country, and he has come to the floor
today to pour out his heart and his soul to make sure that money is
used for the people for whom the money has been intended. And I think
it would be grossly unfair to say that the gentleman is exploiting the
very people whom he is trying to help.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. MANZULLO. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I think there are some very basic questions
we have to ask in this country. We have an epidemic that involves well
over 1 million people, almost one-half of 1 percent of our population.
We talk about priorities, for example, how many Montagnards are going
to come into the country this year? The funding level is $3 million
above last year. I doubt that one new Montagnard will come into the
country this year that the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey]
explained that that money was for. The fact is that this money will
treat 6,000 people. It will prevent them from dying.
Now, we hear that the AIDS Action Council and NAPWA and NORA oppose
this. They are the groups that have the money. They do not have any
problem because they are taking care of their groups. This is for money
to go to States to buy drugs for those people who are not currently
being served by any of these organizations. Yes; they are outside of
it. They are the people that are the least advantaged in this program.
The question I would like to ask is, Why is it not good enough to
fund this for everyone who has HIV that cannot get treatment? I cannot
use his name, because I am a doctor bound not to divulge, but I have a
patient and he cannot get treated. The drug companies have been very
beneficial in trying to get us medicines, so this young man, 27 years
of age, is going to die in less than a year because he has moved from
HIV to full-blown AIDS because he cannot, George cannot have the money
because Oklahoma is out of money, because the money is not available
for him to have it.
Despite what we do for the hundreds of people that come in that have
HIV, that do not have the material means to get it, the drugs, we do
not have enough.
To say that we are cynical and that we are exploiting the very people
that we are trying to help, I have been a practicing physician for 15
years, I have delivered babies, and one of my most favorite patients, 8
years old, just died of AIDS. Her mother was HIV positive when she was
born. We did everything to try to save her life.
It sorrows me greatly that my intentions are questioned, that I would
be accused of exploiting people, that my honor in terms of trying to
correct this epidemic and the efforts that I have made, that my motives
would be questioned.
I think it is very unfortunate that a statement such as that is made
on the floor of this body. Never have I accused anyone in this body who
has, from their heart, tried to make changes in the laws of this
country to help people, accused them of being exploitative. I think it
leads us away from where we need to be.
There are 1 million people with HIV in this country. We have an
obligation in this epidemic to do everything to stem the tide, and that
means treat these 6,000 people who presently do not have the medicine.
That is all we are talking about, 6,000 lives that will not be here
next year when we decide we need to get more money.
Six thousand lives, give them a chance to live. Give them the same
opportunity that somebody that is hooked in with NAPWA, that is hooked
in with NORA, that is hooked in with some of the preexisting, set
organizations.
The fact is, there are a lot of people running out there that do not
have that ability, do not have that access.
{time} 1530
It is working well in the communities that have a large number of
people with HIV. It is not working well in the communities that do not.
In the States that are lower population, there are tons of people who
are not getting treatment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I want to stand again to thank the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter], our chairman, for working so hard in a
bipartisan way to bring our committee together and the caucus together
to support what I believe has been a very fair bill. Again, we have had
a difficult time in this committee and we have for all the years I have
been serving on it because we have to make a lot of tough choices. For
those, the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn], I want to say with
great respect to our colleague who has been working in the trenches and
understands the pain and suffering out there, we understand it and our
chairman understands it as we go through those difficult decisions. Our
chairman has been
[[Page H7047]]
an extraordinarily supportive advocate, probably the most strongest
advocate for the National Institutes of Health, working to prevent the
scourge of AIDS, working to focus attention on research so we can
finally end the pain and suffering.
I would like to ask the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn] as we
are making these difficult decisions why on July 11, 1996 he voted for
an across-the-board cut for the Labor-HHS appropriations bill. I want
to remind the gentleman that the across-the-board cut had a definite
negative impact on AIDS research and prevention, and as we fight to
establish priorities, we have to be very careful that when we support
an across-the-board cut as the gentleman did on July 11, 1996, this
directly negatively affected the work that we are doing in that regard.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Mrs. LOWEY. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. COBURN. I would be happy to answer that. I was involved in trying
to get an across-the-board cut in every appropriations bill in 1996.
The purpose for that is to try to control the spending so we could
balance the budget. There is no question it affected priorities of mine
just like it affected priorities of other people who voted on that. The
decision that I made was simply, is it a more valiant effort to try to
save money so we will have money to spend in something like this in the
years to follow. The fact is we are going to steal another $300 or $500
billion from our children over the next 5 years in this supposed
balanced budget agreement.
Mrs. LOWEY. Reclaiming my time, I just want to remind the gentleman
again and my colleagues that as we work so hard to balance our
priorities, across-the-board cuts can negatively impact the important
work that the National Institutes of Health is doing and in providing
for the invaluable dollars we need to buy these important drugs.
I would just alert him that we welcome him as a supporter to these
very important issues, and again I would urge my colleague to vote down
this amendment because for those of us who care deeply about this
issue, this again is a shameful and cynical way to deal with our
priorities. I just want to remind the gentleman that that vote cost $12
million in prevention money, $30 million in research and $20 million in
care.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Mrs. LOWEY. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. I thank the gentlewoman for yielding. Let me simply remind
once again that this committee in the past 2 years has already
increased the account the gentleman wants to put money into from $50
million to $299 million. He would seek to increase that money even more
and he would seek to do so by gouging the refugee account, which is
there to meet our obligations to refugees who have met their
obligations of friendship to the United States. I would urge the defeat
of the amendment.
Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number
of words.
Mr. Chairman, I did not even know about this particular problem, or
even the program until my staff brought it up, a program in which
multiple drugs are applied to help people with AIDS, and that it is one
of the most exciting measures that individuals have to keep life
sustained. I would like to sincerely thank the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey] and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] for what they
have done in this bill. It is a pretty well balanced bill. I sincerely
would like to thank the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey], who in his
opposition to this bill spoke clearly on the issue, went through any
politics, and it was very well done. But, Mr. Chairman, the one thing
that is probably the most disheartening portion of this entire body is
where instead of going to the issues, we start throwing politics into
it. Tax breaks for the rich, the gentlewoman from California brings up.
When we take a look and we throw politics into it or if a Republican
does something that is not caring, and if it is a Democrat that wants
to go after AIDS money, then it is caring for the children. Well, this
is. I think the gentleman has got an issue in which he believes in on
an issue-oriented basis and he is fighting for it.
When we take a look at education and the politics, being subcommittee
chairman when they say the Republicans are cutting education. For
example, the President wanted the direct lending program. It costs $5
billion more a year, and we wanted to eliminate it but yet they said we
are cutting education instead of talking to the issues.
On this particular issue, there are certain areas in which I believe
the Federal Government has got a direct responsibility. No, I do not
think the Federal Government ought to give money for the National
Endowment for the Arts. That is a difference in issue. But I do believe
that where we have a function that is not a States rights issue, it is
in medical research. States cannot do that. They do not have the
wherewithal to do it. We give it to the universities to take care of
problems like the gentleman is trying to take care of. When we talk
about 6,000 people that are going to be helped by this amendment and
their life is going to be sustained, to bring politics into it to me is
one of the worst things. Either you believe in it or you do not. I
happen to believe that the gentleman is well-intentioned.
I am going to support the amendment. I really did not know how I was
going to support on the issue, and I listened back and forth to the
debate and I thought the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] gave a
very convincing argument based on the issues and not on politics.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding. I want
to frame this issue for what it really is. We have a lot of money out
there being spent for AIDS treatment, AIDS programs, for people with
AIDS. But we do not have a lot of money out there for people who have
HIV right now, who do not have AIDS yet. As a matter of fact, we do not
even know who half a million of them are. The purpose of this amendment
is for those people that we do know who they are. This is for 6,000
people who know they have HIV, who cannot get drug treatment. That is
what this is about.
The contrast is we have a group that says we have done enough. How
much is doing enough when somebody is going to die between now and next
year? When 6,000 people are going to die? If this was not this epidemic
that got such a tainted reputation from its start because it was
associated with life-styles and it became associated with life-styles,
this is a disease, it does not care if you are gay or straight, if you
are a man or a woman, or what color your skin is, if you are a newborn
baby or an older woman, it does not like us. To say we have done
enough, that 6,000 people between now and this time next year are not
going to get the drugs to prevent them from converting to full-blown
AIDS, I think it is just regrettable. It is regrettable that we are
going to use the argument, we are going to let the politics of AIDS
guide what we do on this, the politics that allow an extra 500,000
people to become infected, the politics that says we are not going to
treat this as an epidemic and treat it in public health standing. We
are not going to allow that to happen.
Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I worry that this debate is not really about increasing
funding for AIDS patients, but instead it becomes a cynical attack on
other very deserving programs. For one thing, how anybody could say
that we on this side of the aisle are stating that this is enough, they
do not know the gentlewoman from California [Ms. Pelosi]. Have my
colleagues ever heard the gentlewoman from California say we have done
enough for AIDS prevention, AIDS research, and AIDS care? Never. This
is not what this is about. This is about taking one deserving program
and pitting it against another for funding and, on emotional value,
against other deserving programs.
We know there is an AIDS epidemic. But let us talk about funding AIDS
programs by cutting the B-2 bomber program, $2.2 billion for each B-2
bomber that will not even fly in the
[[Page H7048]]
rain. Would that not be a good way to fund AIDS programs, AIDS
research, AIDS care, and AIDS prevention?
Let us talk about AIDS prevention. Why are we not talking about
education and programs that teach our children about safe sex and about
contraception? Why are we not talking about needle exchange programs so
that we will prevent AIDS in the first place? Let us stop talking about
pitting one deserving program against another. Refugees are deserving.
Civil rights programs are deserving. Veterans are certainly deserving.
AIDS patients need care, we need the research, and we need to take care
of every single AIDS patient in America. This is America. We have
enough. We could take care of every AIDS patient if we chose, and we
could do it without pitting these funds against other deserving funding
programs. We must have the will. That is what is missing. It appears
that we do not have the will to take care of deserving people unless we
take away from other deserving programs and other deserving
populations.
I say, Mr. Chairman, let us vote against this amendment and let us
make sure we support all deserving programs and not pit one against the
other.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Ms. WOOLSEY. I yield to the gentlewoman from California.
Ms. PELOSI. I thank the gentlewoman for yielding and for her very
eloquent statement about the difficult choice that is presented.
I do want to say though to the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn]
that the issue between the House and the Senate on the amount of
funding in the bill for the ADAP program is not resolved between the
House and Senate. The Senate conference may present an opportunity for
there to be more funding available from the defense budget to put into
the ADAP program and I would hope, listening to his eloquent
presentation about the need for more ADAP funds, that he would be an
advocate with us for receiving that funding from transferring it from
the defense budget for domestic priorities as is possibly suggested.
Mr. COBURN. If the other gentlewoman from California might yield for
a moment, first of all, I was one of the Republican conservatives who
voted against the B-2 bomber, and I have every time. I would love to
see that money.
Ms. PELOSI. I did want the gentleman to also know that again,
reiterating what the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey] said, that
it was a blow to us when the gentleman voted for the across-the-board
cut, over $50 million cut. Actually it adds up to $52 million. The
exact amount of this amendment, he cut in an across-the-board cut last
year. So when an amendment of this kind comes along proposed by someone
who supported a cut of exactly this amount of money in prevention,
research and care at the expense of minority health, women's health and
other worthy programs within this piece of legislation, it raises
questions.
{time} 1545
Those questions can easily be answered when we go into conference or
negotiate with the Senate about what our 602(b) allocation will be and
the opportunity of funding coming from the defense budget to the 602(b)
for this Labor-HHS bill. I would hope that the recognition of need will
not go away. It will still be there.
May I just say another thing. The gentleman said there is no help for
people with HIV. ADAP drugs are administered to people with HIV, and,
in fact, the best prospects are when people take these drugs earlier,
because the immune system has not been as devastated as it would be in
a person who has a more veteran case of AIDS or HIV.
So, in any event, I hope the gentleman will be with us to take money
from defense to meet this very important need that he calls to the
attention of the body.
Mr. NORWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to state very simply that I support the
amendment of the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. Coburn]. It is a very
easy thing to do. We are dealing with an area here of people's lives,
and it is a simple matter of a ``yes'' on this vote saves 6,000
American lives, and a ``no'' on this vote will not allow these people
to be treated.
I am very disappointed and disheartened that we cannot have an honest
debate on a simple amendment without politicizing it when people are
particularly trying to do good for the American people from the bottom
of their heart. So I encourage my colleagues on both sides of the aisle
simply to help save these 6,000 lives and vote ``yes'' on this
amendment.
I do not take argument particularly with the gentleman from Wisconsin
[Mr. Obey] about where the money comes from. I spent a year of my life
in the Central Highlands and I knew a lot of Montagnards, and I can
assure Members that I would want them to be treated with the greatest
respect and care. But I am also fairly certain that it has been many
years since the Montagnards tried to come back into the United States.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. NORWOOD. I yield to the gentleman from Wisconsin.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, the fact is that many of them are coming to
the United States right now because those refugee camps have just been
closed down. They are entering California, Minnesota, Wisconsin,
thousands of them.
Mr. NORWOOD. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I would ask the
gentleman, how many thousands came into the country last year?
Mr. OBEY. I do not know last year. Three thousand to four thousand
will come in this year.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. NORWOOD. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I think it is a great question. Are we
going to support 3,000 to 4,000 Montagnards or are we going to allow
6,000 people to have HIV drugs that will prevent them from having AIDS?
That is a legitimate debate, I do not deny that.
But the questions that were raised a moment ago that this money was
taken from deserving programs, let us talk about where the money is
coming from again. Almost $10 million from the Office of the Secretary,
the General Department of Management and Policy Research. That is a
good thing for Americans to spend their money on, while 6,000 people
die?
I agree that if this body thinks that that is what we should do, then
that will be the will of the House. I do not believe that is what the
minority party believes. They do not believe we ought to spend $10
million additional, above what the President requested, on general
policy research and general department management, instead of spending
extra money to help people live with HIV and prevent them from dying.
So we are really not contrasting deserving programs. We are talking
about people who do not have available to them drugs, and, because they
do not, they will not be with us a year from now.
Mr. Chairman, I do not want to leave this body saying I voted to
spend money on a bureaucrat and let 6,000 people die in the streets of
this country from AIDS, when we could have prevented it. That is what
the real debate is. The debate is about people with HIV and whether or
not they ought to get help versus bureaucrats and the spending of the
money on the government on things that will not impact someone's life.
So, again, I would ask consideration for this. I would yield back to
my friend from Georgia, [Mr. Norwood], and thank him for allowing me
the time to speak.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I would say to the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn]
and others on our side of the aisle who have offered amendments that I
am very flattered.
They have offered to put money back into special education: A program
we have increased by $1.1 billion over the last 2 years. They have
offered to put money back into biomedical research: A program we have
increased by $1.6 billion over the last 3 years. And here, Mr.
Chairman, the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn] wants to put
[[Page H7049]]
money into the Aids Drug Assistance Program [ADAP]: A program and
account that we have increased 600 percent in the last 3 years, from
$50 to $299 million.
The President requested $167 million for the ADAP account. We thought
that that was inadequate, and increased it by $132 million, 79 percent,
to a total of $299 million. The funding level, however, is not a
ceiling, it is a floor. Money can be spent for drugs under Ryan White,
title I, the Big City Account; it can be spent under title II, the
States Account; it can be and is spent under Medicaid.
All of those sources make funding available for AIDS drugs. Members
know very well that if we were actually short of money for protease
inhibitors that would keep 6,000 people alive, we would come to the
floor of the House and provide it in supplemental funds.
Let me say to the gentleman, his amendment takes most of the money
out of refugee resettlement. That program is an unfunded mandate upon
the States and local communities. We will ultimately have to spend
money for refugees under general assistance payments, exactly what we
should not do.
Refugees come in to the United States as a result of Federal
policies. We ask the States to share in the cost of assimilating them,
and now we are going to cut the amount of money that is available to
them. We have already cut the program, I might say, from originally
providing 36 months of assistance. We are now down to 8 months of
assistance. All of those now uncovered costs are pushed over on the
States and local communities. I think it is wrong to cut that account.
The amendment also cuts HHS policy research by $5 million. That
sounds good. The committee increased that program by $5 million for a
very specific purpose, to fund an objective study of welfare reform
outcomes by the National Academy of Sciences. We believe that such a
study is very important for welfare reform. I think a rigorous
evaluation of what is going on in this new program is critical for
congressional oversight. I think it is money very well spent.
You say that we are increasing funding for the Agency for Health Care
Policy and Research. We are not. However, you would take out $2.4
million. We provided a modest amount of funding for AHCPR at the
request of our own authorizing committee chairmen.
The gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas] and the gentleman from
Florida [Mr. Bilirakis] sent us a letter saying the President's request
for AHCPR represents barely the minimum level of commitment needed for
AHCPR to carry on its critical research activities. I believe, in fact,
that the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn] serves on that
subcommittee that is chaired by the gentleman from Florida [Mr.
Bilirakis]. I am surprised the gentleman would propose to cut a program
that the subcommittee chairman strongly supports.
Mr. Chairman, in the end, I believe that we have done everything that
we possibly can to provide funding for people who are HIV infected. We
would never think of not providing the funding that is needed for
protease inhibitors. We have provided everything in the bill that is
necessary. There are additional funds available under title I, title
II, and certainly under Medicaid.
I think the gentleman's amendment is simply superfluous. But I would
say to the gentleman, I am very flattered that he would like to
increase an account that we have already increased by 600 percent.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. PORTER. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I guess I would just like to inquire, is it
the gentleman's belief that there are not people in our country today
under the funding proposal we are putting forward who are not going to
get treatment for HIV that cannot afford triple drug therapy?
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I believe we will do
everything necessary to provide the funds that are needed for anyone
that is HIV infected and is entitled to be served under Ryan White, and
that we are providing funds, as I say, from at least four different
sources for these drugs.
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will yield further,
according to the National ADAP monitoring project, there will be
280,000 individuals eligible for this. The cost is $6,000. So what we
are really talking about is we need well over $1 billion, if we are
going to truly offer it to everyone that needs it.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The time of the gentleman from Illinois
[Mr. Porter] has expired.
(On request of Mr. Coburn, and by unanimous consent, Mr. Porter was
allowed to proceed for 2 additional minutes.)
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr.
Coburn].
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, so the question that comes is, are there
people that are going to be out there that are not going to have
available treatment?
Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Illinois, Chairman Porter has done a
wonderful job in increasing this, there is no question. But I do not
think we have gone far enough.
I am willing to join with the other side to find further ways to fund
it. If we could transfer money from the B-2 bomber to do this, I will
vote for it. Unfortunately, as you all well know, we cannot do that.
So I would say this is not cynical. This is not some sleight of hand.
The fact is there are people out there that are not going to get
treated, and we ought to rise to the occasion and do it.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, obviously, this
amendment will cost States and localities $23 million in additional
mandated costs for refugees. I think that this is our responsibility.
As I said, if funding for AIDS is not sufficient through any of the
four different accounts I mentioned, Members can be assured that we
will do everything possible to provide it.
Mr. Chairman, I urge the amendment's defeat.
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I will be brief and probably will not use all my time.
I want to keep this whole thing brought back into perspective a little
bit.
I have been sitting listening to this debate for the last couple of
days, talking about spending dollars here and spending dollars here and
spending dollars here. I just want to remind everybody in this place
that that is dollars that we are spending coming from the hard-working
families out there in America. The institution we are in is going to
collect those dollars out of the paychecks of hard-working families out
there in America in order that they can spend those dollars on all the
different programs.
For all of my colleagues listening today, I want them all to remember
and to understand that there are a lot of us here that have not
forgotten that all of these dollars that they are talking about
spending are coming from hard-working people out in America.
We are very concerned when we see a spending increase in a particular
bill of $5.2 billion, or 7 percent, in one portion of the budget. Many
of us out here are concerned that the overall spending level is too
high, but that is what was agreed to in the budget agreement, and that
is what has brought on this debate about which programs the money
should be spent on.
Mr. Chairman, for my colleagues, I would like them all to know many
of us are very, very concerned, and remember through all of these
debates that this is the people's money that we are spending, and these
dollars that they are talking about spending on various programs are
coming from the people through their hard-earned work that are
collected in taxes and brought out here to Washington, DC.
Mr. Chairman, I just rise because we have been going on in these
debates for quite some time, and it has all been about what we are
going to spend the people's money on. We have not forgotten these are
tax dollars collected from the people.
Mr. Chairman, I support the amendment.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. NEUMANN. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I think it is also well to remind ourselves
that this bill in fiscal year 1996 carried the
[[Page H7050]]
greatest level of deficit reduction in the House of any piece of
legislation; $9 billion in cuts on a $70 billion base. The reason that
there is an increases in this year's bill of the magnitude the
gentleman has just described is that this increase was part of an
agreement between the majority and the minority, between the Congress
and the White House. In that agreement the majority got tax cuts that
it sought and restraints in entitlement increases in the future that it
sought, in return for certain agreements to provide for priorities that
the minority sought.
So the reason that the allocation for this account is as high as it
is, is simply because it is carrying out a balanced budget agreement.
We are bringing this bill to the floor within the context of bringing
the budget into balance, which is, I know, your No. 1 priority, but
also for all the time I have been in Congress, my No. 1 priority.
Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I certainly respect
the Chairman [Mr. Porter]. I did not rise to object to what the
gentleman is doing, but rather, after listening to this debate about
spending money so long out here, I felt it was time somebody stood up
and reminded everyone this is the taxpayers' money being spent, and we
are still very, very concerned about the level of spending.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The question is on the amendment offered by
the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn].
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
Recorded Vote
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 141,
noes 282, not voting 10, as follows:
[Roll No. 377]
AYES--141
Aderholt
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Baker
Ballenger
Barr
Bartlett
Barton
Bass
Blunt
Boehner
Bonilla
Bono
Brady
Bryant
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Calvert
Camp
Canady
Cannon
Chabot
Chambliss
Chenoweth
Christensen
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Cook
Cooksey
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cunningham
Deal
DeLay
Doolittle
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Ehrlich
Emerson
Engel
English
Ensign
Ewing
Forbes
Gallegly
Ganske
Gibbons
Gillmor
Goode
Goss
Graham
Granger
Hansen
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Herger
Hill
Hilleary
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Istook
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kasich
Klink
Largent
Lewis (KY)
Lucas
Manzullo
McInnis
McIntosh
McKeon
Mica
Moran (KS)
Myrick
Nethercutt
Neumann
Norwood
Nussle
Pappas
Parker
Paul
Paxon
Peterson (PA)
Pickering
Pitts
Pombo
Radanovich
Ramstad
Redmond
Riley
Rogan
Rohrabacher
Royce
Ryun
Salmon
Sanford
Scarborough
Schaffer, Bob
Sessions
Shadegg
Shuster
Smith (MI)
Smith (OR)
Smith, Linda
Snowbarger
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Stearns
Stump
Stupak
Sununu
Talent
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thornberry
Thune
Tiahrt
Upton
Wamp
Watkins
Watts (OK)
Weldon (FL)
Weller
White
Wicker
NOES--282
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baesler
Baldacci
Barcia
Barrett (NE)
Barrett (WI)
Bateman
Becerra
Bentsen
Bereuter
Berman
Berry
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Bishop
Blagojevich
Bliley
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonior
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brown (CA)
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Buyer
Callahan
Campbell
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Condit
Conyers
Costello
Cox
Coyne
Cramer
Cummings
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Deutsch
Diaz-Balart
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Edwards
Ehlers
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Everett
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Flake
Foglietta
Foley
Ford
Fowler
Fox
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frost
Furse
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gilchrest
Gilman
Goodlatte
Goodling
Gordon
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hamilton
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hefner
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Houghton
Hoyer
Hyde
Inglis
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
Jenkins
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E. B.
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kildee
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
King (NY)
Kingston
Kleczka
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
LaFalce
LaHood
Lampson
Lantos
Latham
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Lowey
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McHugh
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Metcalf
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Mollohan
Moran (VA)
Morella
Murtha
Nadler
Neal
Ney
Northup
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Ortiz
Oxley
Packard
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pease
Pelosi
Peterson (MN)
Petri
Pickett
Pomeroy
Porter
Portman
Poshard
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Quinn
Rahall
Rangel
Regula
Reyes
Riggs
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rogers
Ros-Lehtinen
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Rush
Sabo
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sawyer
Saxton
Schaefer, Dan
Schumer
Scott
Sensenbrenner
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Shimkus
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Skelton
Slaughter
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Adam
Snyder
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stenholm
Stokes
Strickland
Tanner
Tauscher
Thomas
Thompson
Thurman
Tierney
Torres
Traficant
Turner
Vento
Visclosky
Walsh
Waters
Watt (NC)
Waxman
Weldon (PA)
Wexler
Weygand
Whitfield
Wise
Wolf
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--10
Carson
Dellums
Dickey
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Owens
Schiff
Serrano
Towns
Velazquez
{time} 1619
Messrs. RODRIGUEZ, GREENWOOD, HALL of Texas, MURTHA, BILIRAKIS,
GUTKNECHT, WEYGAND, SAXTON, and INGLIS of South Carolina changed their
vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Messrs. HUNTER, CRAPO, GOSS, HUTCHINSON, and HILLEARY, and Ms. DUNN
changed their vote from ``no'' to ``aye.''
So the amendment was rejected.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that the remainder
of title II be considered as read, printed in the Record, and open to
amendment at any point.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Bereuter). Is there objection to the
request of the gentleman from Illinois?
There was no objection.
The text of the remainder of title II is as follows:
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 201. Funds appropriated in this title shall be
available for not to exceed $37,000 for official reception
and representation expenses when specifically approved by the
Secretary.
Sec. 202. The Secretary shall make available through
assignment not more than 60 employees of the Public Health
Service to assist in child survival activities and to work in
AIDS programs through and with funds provided by the Agency
for International Development, the United Nations
International Children's Emergency Fund or the World Health
Organization.
Sec. 203. None of the funds appropriated under this Act may
be used to implement section 399L(b) of the Public Health
Service Act or section 1503 of the National Institutes of
Health Revitalization Act of 1993, Public Law 103-43.
Sec. 204. None of the funds appropriated in this Act for
the National Institutes of Health and the Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration shall be used to pay
the salary of an individual, through a grant or other
extramural mechanism, at a rate in excess of $125,000 per
year.
Sec. 205. None of the funds appropriated in this Act may be
expended pursuant to section 241 of the Public Health Service
Act, except for funds specifically provided for in this Act,
or for other taps and assessments made by any office located
in the Department of Health and Human Services, prior to the
Secretary's preparation and submission of a report to the
Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and of the House
detailing the planned uses of such funds.
Sec. 206. None of the funds appropriated in this Act may be
obligated or expended for the Federal Council on Aging under
the Older Americans Act or the Advisory Board
[[Page H7051]]
on Child Abuse and Neglect under the Child Abuse Prevention
and Treatment Act.
(transfer of funds)
Sec. 207. Not to exceed 1 percent of any discretionary
funds (pursuant to the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit
Control Act, as amended) which are appropriated for the
current fiscal year for the Department of Health and Human
Services in this Act may be transferred between
appropriations, but no such appropriation shall be increased
by more than 3 percent by any such transfer: Provided, That
the Appropriations Committees of both Houses of Congress are
notified at least fifteen days in advance of any transfer.
(transfer of funds)
Sec. 208. The Director of the National Institutes of
Health, jointly with the Director of the Office of AIDS
Research, may transfer up to 3 percent among institutes,
centers, and divisions from the total amounts identified by
these two Directors as funding for research pertaining to the
human immunodeficiency virus: Provided, That the Congress is
promptly notified of the transfer.
(transfer of funds)
Sec. 209. Of the amounts made available in this Act for the
National Institutes of Health, the amount for research
related to the human immunodeficiency virus, as jointly
determined by the Director of NIH and the Director of the
Office of AIDS Research, shall be made available to the
``Office of AIDS Research'' account. The Director of the
Office of AIDS Research shall transfer from such account
amounts necessary to carry out section 2353(d)(3) of the
Public Health Service Act.
Sec. 210. Funds appropriated in this Act for the National
Institutes of Health may be used to provide transit subsidies
in amounts consistent with the transportation subsidy
programs authorized under section 629 of Public Law 101-509
to non-FTE bearing positions including trainees, visiting
fellows and volunteers.
Sec. 211. (a) The Secretary of Health and Human Services
may in accordance with this section provide for the
relocation of the Federal facility known as the Gillis W.
Long Hansen's Disease Center (located in the vicinity of
Carville, in the State of Louisiana), including the
relocation of the patients of the Center.
(b)(1) Subject to paragraph (2), in relocating the Center
the Secretary may on behalf of the United States transfer to
the State of Louisiana, without charge, title to the real
property and improvements that as of the date of the
enactment of this Act constitute the Center. Such real
property is a parcel consisting of approximately 330 acres.
The exact acreage and legal description used for purposes of
the transfer shall be in accordance with a survey
satisfactory to the Secretary.
(2) Any conveyance under paragraph (1) is not effective
unless the deed or other instrument of conveyance contains
the conditions specified in subsection (d); the instrument
specifies that the United States and the State of Louisiana
agree to such conditions; and the instrument specifies that,
if the State engages in a material breach of the conditions,
title to the real property and improvements involved reverts
to the United States at the election of the Secretary.
(c)(1) With respect to Federal equipment and other items of
Federal personal property that are in use at the Center as of
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary may,
subject to paragraph (2), transfer to the State such items as
the Secretary determines to be appropriate, if the Secretary
makes the transfer under subsection (b).
(2) A transfer of equipment or other items may be made
under paragraph (1) only if the State agrees that, during the
30-year period beginning on the date on which the transfer
under subsection (b) is made, the items will be used
exclusively for purposes that promote the health or education
of the public, except that the Secretary may authorize such
exceptions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
(d) For purposes of subsection (b)(2), the conditions
specified in this subsection with respect to a transfer of
title are the following:
(1) During the 30-year period beginning on the date on
which the transfer is made, the real property and
improvements referred to in subsection (b)(1) (referred to in
this subsection as the ``transferred property'') will be used
exclusively for purposes that promote the health or education
of the public, with such incidental exceptions as the
Secretary may approve.
(2) For purposes of monitoring the extent to which the
transferred property is being used in accordance with
paragraph (1), the Secretary will have access to such
documents as the Secretary determines to be necessary, and
the Secretary may require the advance approval of the
Secretary for such contracts, conveyances of real or personal
property, or other transactions as the Secretary determines
to be necessary.
(3) The relocation of patients from the transferred
property will be completed not later than 3 years after the
date on which the transfer is made, except to the extent the
Secretary determines that relocating particular patients is
not feasible. During the period of relocation, the Secretary
will have unrestricted access to the transferred property,
and after such period will have such access as may be
necessary with respect to the patients who pursuant to the
preceding sentence are not relocated.
(4)(A) With respect to projects to make repairs and energy-
related improvements at the transferred property, the
Secretary will provide for the completion of all such
projects for which contracts have been awarded and
appropriations have been made as of the date on which the
transfer is made.
(B) If upon completion of the projects referred to in
subparagraph (A) there are any unobligated balances of
amounts appropriated for the projects, and the sum of such
balances is in excess of $100,000--
(i) the Secretary will transfer the amount of such excess
to the State; and
(ii) the State will expend such amount for the purposes
referred to in paragraph (1), which may include the
renovation of facilities at the transferred property.
(5)(A) The State will maintain the cemetery located on the
transferred property, will permit individuals who were long-
term-care patients of the Center to be buried at the
cemetery, and will permit members of the public to visit the
cemetery.
(B) The State will permit the Center to maintain a museum
on the transferred property, and will permit members of the
public to visit the museum.
(C) In the case of any waste products stored at the
transferred property as of the date of the transfer, the
Federal Government will after the transfer retain title to
and responsibility for the products, and the State will not
require that the Federal Government remove the products from
the transferred property.
(6) In the case of each individual who as of the date of
the enactment of this Act is a Federal employee at the
transferred property with facilities management or dietary
duties:
(A) The State will offer the individual an employment
position with the State, the position with the State will
have duties similar to the duties the individual performed in
his or her most recent position at the transferred property,
and the position with the State will provide compensation and
benefits that are similar to the compensation and benefits
provided for such most recent position, subject to the
concurrence of the Governor of the State.
(B) If the individual becomes an employee of the State
pursuant to subparagraph (A), the State will make payments in
accordance with subsection (e)(2)(B) (relating to
disability), as applicable with respect to the individual.
(7) The Federal Government may, consistent with the
intended uses by the State of the transferred property, carry
out at such property activities regarding at-risk youth.
(8) Such additional conditions as the Secretary determines
to be necessary to protect the interests of the United
States.
(e)(1) This subsection applies if the transfer under
subsection (b) is made.
(2) In the case of each individual who as of the date of
the enactment of this Act is a Federal employee at the Center
with facilities management or dietary duties, and who becomes
an employee of the State pursuant to subsection (d)(6)(A):
(A) The provisions of subchapter III of chapter 83 of title
5, United States Code, or of chapter 84 of such title,
whichever are applicable, that relate to disability shall be
considered to remain in effect with respect to the individual
(subject to subparagraph (C)) until the earlier of--
(i) the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the
date on which the transfer under subsection (b) is made; or
(ii) the date on which the individual first meets all
conditions for coverage under a State program for payments
during retirement by reason of disability.
(B) The payments to be made by the State pursuant to
subsection (d)(6)(B) with respect to the individual are
payments to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund,
if the individual is receiving Federal disability coverage
pursuant to subparagraph (A). Such payments are to be made in
a total amount equal to that portion of the normal-cost
percentage (determined through the use of dynamic
assumptions) of the basic pay of the individual that is
allocable to such coverage and is paid for service performed
during the period for which such coverage is in effect. Such
amount is to be determined in accordance with chapter 84 of
such title 5, is to be paid at such time and in such manner
as mutually agreed by the State and the Office of Personnel
Management, and is in lieu of individual or agency
contributions otherwise required.
(C) In the determination pursuant to subparagraph (A) of
whether the individual is eligible for Federal disability
coverage (during the applicable period of time under such
subparagraph), service as an employee of the State after the
date of the transfer under subsection (b) shall be counted
toward the service requirement specified in the first
sentence of section 8337(a) or 8451(a)(1)(A) of such title 5
(whichever is applicable).
(3) In the case of each individual who as of the date of
the enactment of this Act is a Federal employee with a
position at the Center and is, for duty at the Center,
receiving the pay differential under section 208(e) of the
Public Health Service Act or under section 5545(d) of title
5, United States Code:
(A) If as of the date of the transfer under subsection (b)
the individual is eligible for an annuity under section 8336
or 8412 of title 5, United States Code, then once the
individual separates from the service and thereby becomes
entitled to receive the annuity, the
[[Page H7052]]
pay differential shall be included in the computation of the
annuity if the individual separated from the service not
later than the expiration of the 90-day period beginning on
the date of the transfer.
(B) If the individual is not eligible for such an annuity
as of the date of the transfer under subsection (b) but
subsequently does become eligible, then once the individual
separates from the service and thereby becomes entitled to
receive the annuity, the pay differential shall be included
in the computation of the annuity if the individual separated
from the service not later than the expiration of the 90-day
period beginning on the date on which the individual first
became eligible for the annuity.
(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the individual is
eligible for the annuity if the individual meets all
conditions under such section 8336 or 8412 to be entitled to
the annuity, except the condition that the individual be
separated from the service.
(4) With respect to individuals who as of the date of the
enactment of this Act are Federal employees with positions at
the Center and are not, for duty at the center, receiving the
pay differential under section 208(e) of the Public Health
Service Act or under section 5545(d) of title 5, United
States Code:
(A) During the calendar years 1997 and 1998, the Secretary
may in accordance with this paragraph provide to any such
individual a voluntary separation incentive payment. The
purpose of such payments is to avoid or minimize the need for
involuntary separations under a reduction in force with
respect to the Center.
(B) During calendar year 1997, any payment under
subparagraph (A) shall be made under section 663 of the
Treasury, Postal Service, and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1997 (as contained in section 101(f) of
division A of Public Law 104-208), except that, for purposes
of this subparagraph, subsection (b) of such section 663 does
not apply.
(C) During calendar year 1998, such section 663 applies
with respect to payments under subparagraph (A) to the same
extent and in the same manner as such section applied with
respect to the payments during fiscal year 1997, and for
purposes of this subparagraph, the reference in subsection
(c)(2)(D) of such section 663 to December 31, 1997, is deemed
to be a reference to December 31, 1998.
(f) The following provisions apply if under subsection (a)
the Secretary makes the decision to relocate the Center:
(1) The site to which the Center is relocated shall be in
the vicinity of Baton Rouge, in the State of Louisiana.
(2) The facility involved shall continue to be designated
as the Gillis W. Long Hansen's Disease Center.
(3) The Secretary shall make reasonable efforts to inform
the patients of the Center with respect to the planning and
carrying out of the relocation.
(4) In the case of each individual who as of October 1,
1996, was a patient of the Center and is considered by the
Director of the Center to be a long-term-care patient
(referred to in this subsection as an ``eligible patient''),
the Secretary shall continue to provide for the long-term
care of the eligible patient, without charge, for the
remainder of the life of the patient.
(5)(A) For purposes of paragraph (4), an eligible patient
who is legally competent has the following options with
respect to support and maintenance and other nonmedical
expenses:
(i) For the remainder of his or her life, the patient may
reside at the Center.
(ii) For the remainder of his or her life, the patient may
receive payments each year at an annual rate of $33,000
(adjusted in accordance with subparagraphs (C) and (D)), and
may not reside at the Center. Payments under this clause are
in complete discharge of the obligation of the Federal
Government under paragraph (4) for support and maintenance
and other nonmedical expenses of the patient.
(B) The choice by an eligible patient of the option under
clause (i) of subparagraph (A) may at any time be revoked by
the patient, and the patient may instead choose the option
under clause (ii) of such subparagraph. The choice by an
eligible patient of the option under such clause (ii) is
irrevocable.
(C) Payments under subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be made on a
monthly basis, and shall be pro rated as applicable. In 1999
and each subsequent year, the monthly amount of such payments
shall be increased by a percentage equal to any percentage
increase taking effect under section 215(i) of the Social
Security Act (relating to a cost-of-living increase) for
benefits under title II of such Act (relating to Federal old-
age, survivors, and disability insurance benefits). Any such
percentage increase in monthly payments under subparagraph
(A)(ii) shall take effect in the same month as the percentage
increase under such section 215(i) takes effect.
(D) With respect to the provision of outpatient and
inpatient medical care for Hansen's disease and related
complications to an eligible patient:
(i) The choice the patient makes under subparagraph (A)
does not affect the responsibility of the Secretary for
providing to the patient such care at or through the Center.
(ii) If the patient chooses the option under subparagraph
(A)(ii) and receives inpatient care at or through the Center,
the Secretary may reduce the amount of payments under such
subparagraph, except to the extent that reimbursement for the
expenses of such care is available to the provider of the
care through the program under title XVIII of the Social
Security Act or the program under title XIX of such Act. Any
such reduction shall be made on the basis of the number of
days for which the patient received the inpatient care.
(6) The Secretary shall provide to each eligible patient
such information and time as may be necessary for the patient
to make an informed decision regarding the options under
paragraph (5)(A).
(7) After the date of the enactment of this Act, the Center
may not provide long-term care for any individual who as of
such date was not receiving such care as a patient of the
Center.
(8) If upon completion of the projects referred to in
subsection (d)(4)(A) there are unobligated balances of
amounts appropriated for the projects, such balances are
available to the Secretary for expenses relating to the
relocation of the Center, except that, if the sum of such
balances is in excess of $100,000, such excess is available
to the State in accordance with subsection (d)(4)(B). The
amounts available to the Secretary pursuant to the preceding
sentence are available until expended.
(g) For purposes of this section:
(1) The term ``Center'' means the Gillis W. Long Hansen's
Disease Center.
(2) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Health
and Human Services.
(3) The term ``State'' means the State of Louisiana.
(h) Section 320 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C.
247e) is amended by striking the section designation and all
that follows and inserting the following:
``Sec. 320. (a)(1) At or through the Gillis W. Long
Hansen's Disease Center (located in the State of Louisiana),
the Secretary shall without charge provide short-term care
and treatment, including outpatient care, for Hansen's
disease and related complications to any person determined by
the Secretary to be in need of such care and treatment. The
Secretary may not at or through such Center provide long-term
care for any such disease or complication.
``(2) The Center referred to in paragraph (1) shall conduct
training in the diagnosis and management of Hansen's disease
and related complications, and shall conduct and promote the
coordination of research (including clinical research),
investigations, demonstrations, and studies relating to the
causes, diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of
Hansen's disease and other mycobacterial diseases and
complications related to such diseases.
``(3) Paragraph (1) is subject to section 211 of the
Department of Health and Humans Services Appropriations Act,
1998.
``(b) In addition to the Center referred to in subsection
(a), the Secretary may establish sites regarding persons with
Hansen's disease. Each such site shall provide for the
outpatient care and treatment for Hansen's disease and
related complications to any person determined by the
Secretary to be in need of such care and treatment.
``(c) The Secretary shall carry out subsections (a) and (b)
acting through an agency of the Service. For purposes of the
preceding sentence, the agency designated by the Secretary
shall carry out both activities relating to the provision of
health services and activities relating to the conduct of
research.
``(d) The Secretary shall make payments to the Board of
Health of the State of Hawaii for the care and treatment
(including outpatient care) in its facilities of persons
suffering from Hansen's disease at a rate determined by the
Secretary. The rate shall be approximately equal to the
operating cost per patient of such facilities, except that
the rate may not exceed the comparable costs per patient with
Hansen's disease for care and treatment provided by the
Center referred to in subsection (a). Payments under this
subsection are subject to the availability of appropriations
for such purpose.''.
Sec. 212. None of the funds appropriated in the Act may be
made available to any entity under title X of the Public
Health Service Act unless the applicant for the award
certifies to the Secretary that it encourages family
participation in the decision of minors to seek family
planning services and that it provides counseling to minors
on resisting attempts to coerce minors into engaging in
sexual activities.
This title may be cited as the ``Department of Health and
Human Services Appropriations Act, 1998''.
Amendment No. 3 Offered by Mr. Istook
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
The text of the amendment is as follows:
Amendment No. 3 printed in House Report 105-214 offered by
Mr. Istook:
At the end of title II, insert after the last section
(preceding the short title) the following section:
Sec. . (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no
provider of services under title X of the Public Health
Service Act shall be exempt from any State law requiring
notification or the reporting of child abuse, child
molestation, sexual abuse, rape, or incest.
(b) None of the funds appropriated in this Act or any other
Act for any fiscal year may be made available to any provider
of services
[[Page H7053]]
under title X of the Public Health Service Act if such
provider knowingly provides contraceptive drugs or devices to
a minor, unless--
(1) the minor is emancipated under applicable State law;
(2) the minor has the written consent of a custodial parent
or custodial legal guardian to receive the drugs or devices;
(3) a court of competent jurisdiction has directed that the
minor may receive the drugs or devices; or
(4) such provider of services has given actual written
notice to a custodial parent or custodial legal guardian of
the minor, notifying the parent or legal guardian of the
intent to provide the drugs or devices, at least five
business days before providing the drugs or devices.
(c) Each provider of services under title X of the Public
Health Service Act shall each year certify to the Secretary
of Health and Human Services compliance with this section.
Such Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be
necessary to effectuate this section.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. ISTOOK. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to limit the time
for the debate.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Illinois?
Mr. MANZULLO: Mr. Chairman, I object.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Objection is heard.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, this is an amendment that goes to the heart
and soul of what happens in the families in the United States of
America, what happens with our most precious possessions and
involvements, our children and the role between parent and child.
Mr. Chairman, this goes to the heart of what families do with their
children, what we teach our children, and the role that we undertake as
parents, and, unfortunately, how one of the major programs in this bill
interferes with that.
One of the most important things that most of us teach our children
is that certain things should be reserved for marriage. We are talking,
of course, about the sexual conduct of teenagers. We are talking about
the fact that the out-of-wedlock teenage birth rate has doubled since
the adoption of a particular Federal program, a program that allows
counseling and contraceptives and condoms and IUD's and birth control
pills and other chemicals to be given to youngsters.
Mr. Chairman, I am talking about people as young as 13 and 12 years
old even, and their parents never know about it and their parents are
never notified, they are never involved. Two million dollars a year of
our tax money goes to this program. One and a half million teenagers a
year go to the so-called title X clinics. A third of the caseload that
they handle is teenagers.
Now, if my child is involved in something they should not be, if they
were using drugs illegally, if they were involved in a gang activity or
something against the law, I would be notified. Yet, even though for
any other type of medical treatment a teenager is required to get the
consent of their parent, Federal law creates an exception if they are
going to go into a federally funded clinic and get birth control and
contraceptives.
Now, Mr. Chairman, what happens is very fascinating. Some people try
to paint a picture that teenagers do what they have always done. But
what is not known is since Federal law has cut teens off from so much
of the advice and counsel of their parents, it is not just teens and
teens.
Mr. Chairman, look at some of the headlines from Charleston: ``Bus
driver guilty in teen seduction''; from Austin: ``Older fathers and
teen mothers and tougher laws''; Omaha: ``Going after men who prey on
minors''; the Rocky Mountain News in Denver: ``Adult men blamed in teen
pregnancies''; Chicago: ``Older men who impregnate teens targeted.''
{time} 1630
The Washington Post, ``California cracks down on men to curb underage
pregnancies.''
You see, studies in recent years have shown that 60 percent of young
women who have sex before the age of 15 were coerced by males an
average of 6 years older than them, and that two-thirds of births to
teenage girls across the country is a situation where the father is not
a teenager but they are 20 or older.
Sexual predators who prey on young women have the opportunity given
to them to give them that extra little bit of reassurance and keep the
relationship going because they simply take them to a title X clinic, a
Federal clinic, where they are given the contraceptives and their
parents are never told about it. A situation that under the laws of
almost any State in the country would be illegal, that might be labeled
sexual abuse or child abuse or molestation or statutory rape, is
totally ignored.
We have laws on the books in just about every State saying that if
there is this kind of activity involving a minor, you are supposed to
report it. But we have a Federal regulation that says what they do in
the title X clinics is absolutely confidential and cannot be shared
with anyone, not law enforcement, not the parents.
This amendment fixes that. It says, if there is a situation, such as
I described, involving an underage child, title X providers must report
that and comply with State law the same as anyone else who deals with
services to our young people. It says, before any contraceptives are
going to be given to a minor in a title X program, their parent will be
notified 5 days before that is disseminated.
Mr. Chairman, this is not a requirement for parental consent, but it
is a requirement of notification to fix this problem.
Mr. Chairman, I would certainly urge adoption of the amendment.
Amendment Offered by Mr. Castle as a Substitute for the Amendment
Offered by Mr. Istook
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment as a substitute for
the amendment.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment
offered as a substitute for the amendment.
The text of the amendment offered as a substitute for the amendment
is as follows:
Amendment No. 4 printed in House Report 105-214 offered by
Mr. Castle as a substitute for the amendment offered by Mr.
Istook:
At the end of title of the bill, insert after the last
section (preceding the short title) the following section:
Sec. . None of the funds appropriated in the Act may be
made available to any entity under the title X of the Public
Health Service Act unless the applicant for the award
certifies to the Secretary that it encourages family
participation in the decision of minors to seek family
planning services and that it provides counseling to minors
on how to resist attempts to coerce minors into engaging in
sexual activities.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, ironically enough, considering the
discussion which we have going on today pursuant to a Republican
amendment, title X of the Public Health Act, the National Family
Planning Program, was enacted in 1970. It was sponsored by then-
Congressman George Bush and it was signed into law by then-President
Nixon, two good Republicans.
The program, as we know, provides grants to public and private
nonprofit agencies who support projects which provide a broad range of
family planning and reproductive services as well as screening for
breast and cervical cancer, sexually transmitted infections, and high
blood pressure. It also supports training for providers and information
and education programs, and a research program which focuses on family
planning service delivery improvements.
More than 4.3 million clients were served through a network of over
4,200 centers funded, in part, by the program. Almost 60 percent of the
health care providers are operated by State, county, and local health
departments.
By law, none of the funds provided under the National Family Planning
Program may be used for abortions. Today, we have an amendment before
us, presented by the gentleman from Oklahoma, which would require
parental notification with a 5-day waiting period, or consent.
I know all of us would like to think that every teenager out there
has a wonderful relationship with loving parents, but the fact of the
matter is that many teenagers simply do not. There are young people out
there who are afraid of their parents. There are young people out there
who do not have parents. There are young people out there who, frankly,
have nobody who they can turn to if a circumstance
[[Page H7054]]
arises in which they need help in the kind of parlance that we are
talking about with respect to title X.
So there are young people who unfortunately would rush out and have
unprotected sex if they knew practicing safe sex would come at the
price of having a parent or their parents find out.
Studies show, and this is important, that if parental involvement
were mandated, 80 percent of teens would no longer seek care at
facilities, but fewer than 1 in 100 would discontinue sexual relations.
That is an incredible ratio when we consider it. This would, obviously,
lead to higher pregnancy rates and more abortions.
I know the gentleman from Oklahoma feels very deeply about this issue
and cares as much as I do about young people. But his parental
notification/consent amendment would effectively drive a stake in the
heart of the family planning program and it would encourage even more
irresponsible behavior.
I understand the desire to get parents involved in their kids'
decisions. I could not agree more with that. My amendment does that. It
encourages family planning providers to encourage the involvement of
parents when teens seek contraception and other family planning
services. I think that is a very important step.
Mandated parental notification/consent would scare teens into doing
something stupid, like having unprotected sex in secret, rather than
having their parents find out that they wanted to do the right thing,
they wanted to be safe.
Leading medical groups, including the American Medical Association,
the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American
Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Academy of Family Physicians,
all oppose mandatory parental notification for young people seeking
family planning services.
I believe that the substitute will do nothing to prevent the
victimization of children.
First, currently, if evidence of rape, sexual abuse, incest or any
other crime is uncovered, title X personnel direct the client to
appropriate care providers and notify appropriate legal authorities. It
has always been the law that recipients of title X funds are in no way
exempt from State-imposed criminal reporting requirements. Our
substitute amendment strengthens the Federal role in stopping the
sexual predators who prey on minors.
Under my amendment, title X grantees must counsel their clients on
how to resist and avoid such coercive sexual relationships. This will
not only help young people avoid such situations, but it will also help
more counselors identify these situations and provide the proper
assistance to end them.
As I have indicated, we agree on the goal of parental involvement. We
all want children to abstain from sexual relations at a young age and
feel like they could approach their parents on this and every other
subject. We would like to think that they all have good and open
relationships, but that is not reality. Reality is that that is not the
way it is. And the truth of the matter is that a lot of these kids need
help. And if they do not get that help, the problems are going to be a
lot greater than if they do get that help.
So my judgment is that we need to listen carefully to this debate. I
think it should be a full and extensive debate. But we need to
understand the import of what the Istook-Manzullo amendment would do.
It would lead to a situation in which children are simply going to
refuse to go for planning, in which case there is going to be unwanted
pregnancies and more abortions.
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Istook-Manzullo
amendment.
(Mr. HYDE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. HYDE. Mr. Chairman, I do not expect to use the full 5 minutes.
This is essentially a rather simple question. It is not a simple
subject but the question is simple.
When I first came to Congress, 1975, it is a long time ago, the
fashion in political advocacy was to use the word ``defense.''
Everything that had a ``defense'' in it was going to have a leg up in
passage. The Defense Education Act.
In the Clinton era, the key phrase was ``change.'' We all campaigned
as agents of change.
Lately, family values has become a universal aspiration. We all stand
foursquare for family values. One family value is parental
responsibility. Any program that deliberately bypasses parents to
provide birth control devices to minors, in my judgment, is an
egregious violation of family values.
It is little less than legitimating promiscuity. What kind of a
lesson do we teach? We teach youngsters, young ladies in particular,
young women, to conceal from their parents the fact that they are
engaged in sexual activity and we, the clinic, will facilitate, if not
condone, that activity by providing condoms, drugs, or pills.
We legislate as though every family or most families are
dysfunctional. I submit there are dysfunctional families but they are
the minority and not the majority. Sexual activity has serious, serious
consequences, the movies on cable television notwithstanding.
We frustrate family values by legitimating the concealment from
parents of a child's participation in activity of the most sensitive,
intimate, and consequential nature. We should be strengthening parental
rights, not diminishing them.
I suggest a vote for the Manzullo and Istook amendment is the
appropriate one. I think if you vote for Istook and Manzullo and vote
against the Castle amendment, a gentleman for whom I have boundless
admiration but do not agree with him in this situation, oppose the
substitute and vote for Istook and Manzullo, and then if you do that,
you can campaign for family values with a straight face.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Castle amendment.
Mr. Chairman, first of all, let me say that there is virtually no
Member of this House, certainly on that side of the aisle, for whom I
have more respect than the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Hyde]. I have a
great deal of fondness for him personally as well.
I want to say that I very much enjoyed the opportunity to work very
closely with him just a couple of weeks ago in fashioning a new
compromise on this bill which expands the effect of the Hyde amendment
to cover HMO situations. I think that the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Hyde] correctly indicated that there was a problem with HMO's who tried
to get around the Hyde amendment, and I am pleased that we were able to
work with him to expand that amendment. I think that should help unify
the House behind this bill.
In this instance, however, I differ with the gentleman's judgment,
although I did not on the other question, because I think here the
issue is not what we want our children to do but how we think we can
best affect what it is they do. This is not a question about goals. It
is a question about approaches. It is a question of what you think
works, at least in my view.
I think the virtue of the Castle amendment, and I would urge Members
to just read the language, because what the Castle amendment says is
that none of the funds in this bill may be used unless clinics certify
that they encourage family participation in the making of these
decisions and that they also provide counseling to their clients on how
to resist efforts at coercive sex from adults.
I think that is important. If there are sexual predators walking
around communities, the answer is not to screw up the ability of these
clinics to provide needed services. Those services which will, in my
judgment, help to prevent abortions. The answer is to throw the book at
those sexual predators and keep them in jail.
Now, I thought that when we passed legislation such as the welfare
reform bill that we were trying to send a message that we expect people
to recognize personal responsibility. I do not believe we ought to take
off the hook the predators who engage in the kind of acts cited by the
gentleman from Oklahoma by saying: ``Oh, it was the fault of the
clinics because they did not have the right procedures.'' It was the
fault of the individuals who engaged in that conduct!
Let me simply say that I wish that every family in America worked in
a way that enabled young people to talk to their parents. The problem
is, and I run into a lot of them, the problem is that there are a lot
of families that do not work that way. These youngsters
[[Page H7055]]
on some occasions are going to wind up engaging in inappropriate sex
either with consultation with some adult or they are going to engage in
it with consultation with no adult at all.
{time} 1645
If, for those children, that is the choice, then I would prefer that
they at least have some opportunity to talk to an adult, because the
consequences are not only unwanted pregnancies, there are also unwanted
abortions and an increase in sexually transmitted diseases.
I would also like to make a point that the American Hospital
Association and the American Public Hospital Association have reviewed
the text of this amendment and they indicate that their reading of it
is that the parental consent requirement applies not just to title X
funds, but to all funds used to provide contraceptives, including State
and privately raised funds. That means if a hospital or clinic fails to
abide by the parental consent requirements, they believe that they
would have to forfeit all Federal funds.
I do not think we want to see that happen, and so I would
respectfully urge that we support on a bipartisan basis the Castle
amendment.
Mr. WELDON of Florida. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word,
and before I get to the meat of my comments, I want to point out that
that amendment that I rise in support of calls for a parental
notification, not consent. So we need to debate the facts here.
I encourage all my colleagues to support the Istook-Manzullo
amendment and reject the Castle amendment. If we really do support
family integrity, the United States, and indeed going back into
history, British law has a long-standing tradition of parental rights
where parents have the authority and control over raising their kids.
We, in this country, beginning with this program as it began in 1975,
began in a direction that is in direct violation of that principle in
the sense that now the Federal Government is funding a program that
will allow minor children, females, to go in and see a physician and
get contraceptive services, to include injections of medications,
placement of IUD's, without parental consent, with absolutely no
knowledge of their parents.
Some of these interventions are not without risks. As many of my
colleagues know, prior to coming here, I was a full-time practicing
physician. One of the drugs that is dispensed, for example, in these
clinics, is injections of a drug called Depo-Provera, a drug that has
associated with it the potential complications of thromboembolic
disease, which is blood clots, blood clots in the legs, blood clots
traveling to the lungs.
These clinics can place IUD's. IUD's are associated with a
tremendously enhanced risk of infectious complications, and all of this
can be done without parental consent.
Our children cannot get aspirin from a school nurse without parental
consent; our children cannot get their ears pierced, but they can go
into a title X clinic and get access to these medical services.
The supporters of this policy as it has existed for the past 20 years
claim that, oh, it is necessary because these young girls are sexually
active and they have to have access to these services; and if they have
to tell their parents, it is going to cause a lot of conflict, and some
of them come from difficult homes, et cetera.
There used to be a time in this country where the kinds of conflict
that would be introduced by these young girls talking to their parents
about this issue would be considered healthy, it would be considered
good. But now we want to intervene and say no, no, no, we just want to
give them these services.
Now, I would, perhaps, be somewhat sympathetic to the supporters of
the existing policy if, indeed, this program was having some kind of a
positive impact, but we all know what the impacts have been. Actually,
the teen pregnancy rate in this country has gone up dramatically, and,
indeed, probably what is more significant is the incidence of venereal
disease and the long-term complications of those venereal diseases,
such as infertility, which has just gone up 5-, 10-, 15-fold over the
last 25 years. If we talk to any practitioner who engages in that
practice, he will tell us that is a tribute to the high rate of
promiscuity.
Let me close by just saying this. We cannot have our cake and eat it
too. We cannot say, I support family values, I am opposed to all this
sexual activity for teenagers, but, yes, we have to fund contraceptive
services to be done in a fashion where parents do not even know.
I just want to point out that this amendment calls for parental
notification. And, in addition, I just want to add one more important
thing, a point that was made by the gentleman from Oklahoma, in that
many, many of these girls are having sexual activity with men who are
over the age of 18. In most States that is statutory rape, and in some
instances, these children have been seduced and are, in effect, being
abused.
As a matter of fact, I believe we are going to hear the story about a
specific case of that occurring in the district of the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Manzullo], where a young girl was seduced and was being
sexually abused and getting contraceptive services with the assistance
of this man who was abusing her.
In my opinion, this policy, as it has existed for the past 20-plus
years, is a direct affront to the principle of standing up for family
values and believing in the rights of moms and dads to have a role to
play in the care of their children; and I would encourage all my
colleagues to support the amendment of the gentleman from Oklahoma and
oppose the Castle substitute.
Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the Castle substitute and
in strong opposition to the Istook amendment.
The Istook amendment would do great harm to our efforts to lower the
number of unintended pregnancies and abortions and to our efforts to
reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/
AIDS in our young people.
On the face of it, it may seem reasonable to require parental consent
and notification for contraceptive services, but the Istook amendment
ignores the realities of the young people who seek care at these
clinics. The vast majority of these teens are already sexually active,
have been for almost a year, on average. Most end up seeking services
because they are afraid that they may be pregnant or that they have a
sexually transmitted disease.
Minors who go to clinics are strongly encouraged to involve their
parents and many do bring a parent with them on subsequent visits.
Much has been made of the new Istook amendment, with some confusion
as the true impact of the latest modifications. Today's version would
require parental consent or written notification with a 5-day waiting
period before minors could receive contraceptive services. It is clear
that the effects of this amendment would be the same as in the original
version.
If teens are required to obtain written parental consent or
notification for any title X services, many of them are going to avoid
the program completely. It is important to remember that some
contraceptives provide protection from STD's, sexually transmitted
diseases. The opportunity to provide accurate, potentially life-saving
education on the transmission of HIV and other STD's could also be lost
if teens avoid these services because of parental consent requirements.
And delays in services will only lead to unintended pregnancies, more
abortions, and higher rates of STD's and HIV.
As has been mentioned, the medical community is also overwhelmingly
opposed to parental consent and notification requirements for minors.
The American Medical Association, the American College of Obstetricians
and Gynecologists, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American
Public Health Association all agree that contraceptive services should
be available to adolescents without their parents' consent or
knowledge.
Now, the Castle substitute properly requires that title X programs
encourage parental involvement when teens seek family planning
services. It also provides counseling to minors to prevent coercive
sexual activity. In its letter endorsing the Castle substitute, the
American Medical Association states,
[[Page H7056]]
We believe that the substitute amendment properly balances
the need for a strong patient-physician relationship with
parents', families', and society's overwhelming concerns with
preventing unintended pregnancies among minors.
That is a direct quote.
So, Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on the Castle
substitute and to vote ``no'' on the Istook amendment. Let us act
responsibly by encouraging parental involvement while also protecting
the health of our Nation's youth.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I now ask unanimous consent that debate on
this amendment and the Castle amendment thereto close in 3 hours; that
half of that time be allocated to the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr.
Istook] and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Manzullo] or their
designee; that the other half be allocated equally to the gentleman
from Delaware [Mr. Castle] or his designee and the gentleman from
Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] or his designee.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). Is there objection to the
request of the gentleman from Illinois?
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, reserving the right to object.
For clarification, the gentleman phrased it as 3 hours from now. By
that, does the gentleman mean 1\1/2\ hours per side? If there is
something else delaying the business, it would not be counted against
either side; so that 1\1/2\ hours, divided, would be the time the
gentleman mentioned?
Mr. PORTER. Yes, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw my reservation of objection.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Illinois?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. This amendment will be debated for 3 hours
divided, 1\1/2\ hours controlled by the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr.
Istook] or his designee, 45 minutes controlled by the gentleman from
Delaware [Mr. Castle], and 45 minutes controlled by the gentleman from
Wisconsin [Mr. Obey].
Mr. PORTER. Or their designees in each respective case, Mr. Chairman.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. Or their designees. That has been stated.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Watts], my corepresentative.
Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma. Mr. Chairman, across our Nation parents are
engaged in a daily struggle for the hearts and minds and souls of their
children. Their struggle is with an American culture which, under the
protection of our constitutional freedoms, too often expresses these
freedoms in a message of moral, ethical and sexual liberation that
reaches even our youngest children.
Through television and advertising, through the Internet and other
sophisticated methods of communication, our children are bombarded with
these messages, sometimes subtle, sometimes overt; messages which
celebrate immoral behavior, messages which promote promiscuity,
messages over which we, as parents and adults, have little or no
control.
The struggle against these influences is particularly difficult to
working parents who have discovered that between the hours of 3 p.m. in
the afternoon, when school lets out, and 6 o'clock in the evening, when
they get home from work, we have allowed the development of an adult-
free, supervision-free culture. Studies have shown this is the time
when teenagers experiment with drugs, commit juvenile crime, and engage
in sexual activity.
In this battle, one would think the Government should be an ally for
the family, but in the case of the title X program, it most certainly
is not. On the contrary, title X allows the child to lead an
independent sexual life without any regard for the rights and
responsibilities that parents have to intercede to counsel, to guide,
to protect, and to raise their own children. The Government usurps that
function and legitimizes the chasm between parent and child.
In this regard, the Istook-Manzullo amendment seeks only to allow
parents to be informed of their child's decision concerning this
critical part of their development as a human being. This seems to me
such a minimal request when one considers the extraordinary
responsibilities of parenthood. If we expect individuals to be
responsible as parents, we must guarantee them their rights as parents.
I confess that it amazes me that this fact is subject to debate
considering that if my daughter's school nurse wanted to give her an
aspirin, it is mandatory that they notify the parents or the guardian.
{time} 1700
However, if a health clinic wants to give her birth control pills,
the parents do not have to be notified or if some adult man is having
sexual activity with my daughter, something happens, again they do not
have to notify the parents. I think that is crazy for Government to
intervene and take the rights of parents and say that their parent or
guardian, the person that is responsible for that child, they should
not be notified.
I commend my colleagues from Oklahoma and Illinois for their
leadership on this issue. This is a vote to help American families
regain control over their lives. I encourage a ``yes'' vote on this
very, very important amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
California [Mr. Horn].
Mr. HORN. Mr. Chairman, I rise to strongly oppose the Istook-Manzullo
amendment and to support the Castle-Porter substitute. The United
States has a teen pregnancy rate of twice as high as England, France,
Wales, and Canada. One million young women under the age of 20 become
pregnant each year. This costs our fellow taxpayers and ourselves $7
billion annually. Only 36 percent of sexually active teens seek
services from family planning clinics after they suspect pregnancy.
Requiring parental consent or parental notification for contraceptive
services will lower the number of teens seeking this service and
therefore increase the cost of unplanned pregnancies, increase the
incidence of sexually transmitted diseases and increase the rate of
abortions.
This is pro-abortion legislation of my good colleagues, the gentleman
from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Manzullo], because that is what the result of their proposal is going
to be. Twenty-three States, including California, have laws that
explicitly allow contraceptive services for teens without parental
consent. As one can see, the results of this amendment would be to
violate States rights, which surprise me, coming from these two
gentlemen, and increase the cost to the taxpayers, which also surprises
me. This would be hypocritical at a time when Congress is working to
give more power to the States and reduce the strain on taxpayers.
From every perspective, the Istook-Manzullo amendment is simply bad
public policy and to overcome bad public policy, I urge my colleagues
on both sides of the aisle to strongly support the Castle-Porter
substitute and to get around to solving the problem rather than simply
have ideological issues that make no sense in the real world.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 7 minutes to the gentlewoman from New
York [Mrs. Lowey], a member of the subcommittee.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, let me begin by saying how disappointed I
am that the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] is violating the
agreement that our chairman and ranking member agreed to in order to
keep the bill free of controversial and extreme amendments. Mr.
Chairman, the Istook amendment represents the latest attack by family
planning opponents against our Nation's flagship program. Two years ago
family planning opponents tried to zero out funds for the title X
program. Fortunately, they failed. Last year family planning opponents,
led by the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook], offered an amendment
very similar to today's. Thankfully the amendment also failed.
We must defeat the Istook amendment once again. The Istook amendment
would deny contraception to minors unless they have the consent of
their parents or waited 5 days after their parents were notified before
obtaining contraception. Some of my colleagues are making a distinction
between notification and consent, but who is kidding whom? The 5-day
waiting period before contraception can be obtained is no different
than parental consent. That is why the AMA, the
[[Page H7057]]
American Academy of Pediatricians, Child Welfare League, Public Health
Association, Social Workers and Nurses Association all oppose the
mandatory parental notification restrictions in the Istook amendment.
Because they know, they understand that parental notification laws
drive minors away from seeking basic health services. But the Istook
amendment does not just prohibit the use of title X funds for
contraceptive services to minors. It could also bar programs from using
any Federal, State, or private funds for this purpose. This is so
important, Mr. Chairman, that 24 States have passed laws assuring that
minors can get access to contraceptives.
Furthermore, hospitals, community health centers, and other
organizations that receive title X funds could face the loss of all
Federal funding if they provide contraception to minors without abiding
by the Istook parental notification consent restriction regardless of
which funds they use. That is why the American Hospital Association and
the National Association of Public Hospitals are opposed to the Istook
amendment.
Let me say as my colleagues did, as a mother of three, a grandmother
of one, soon to be, please God, a grandmother of 2, we would like all
youngsters to have parents such as many who spoke this evening. It
would be wonderful if all parents had that kind of relationship with
their youngsters. Unfortunately, it just does not exist in this
country. In fact, we would prefer that teens would abstain from having
sex altogether. But unfortunately we understand that minors will not
change their behavior. There is a lot of work we can do to help them
move to change their behavior, but what we are going to see if this is
passed, many teenagers will forgo contraception rather than facing
their parents, and that is unfortunate but it is the fact, and in fact
studies show that 80 percent of teens seeking family planning services
have already been sexually active for nearly a year. In fact, my
colleague said that Federal law cuts children off from contact with
parents. What the substitute does is encourage the contact with
parents, but we have learned that mandating it just does not work. What
we are going to create is more teenage pregnancies unfortunately.
By denying contraceptive services to tens of thousands of teens, the
Istook amendment will simply result in higher rates, not only of teen
pregnancy, of STD's and more abortions. If teens are required to obtain
parental consent for contraceptive services, they will also avoid STD
and HIV screening and routine gynecological exams.
Our Nation already leads the Western world in teen pregnancies.
Millions of teens have some kind of STD and the incidence of AIDS among
teens is alarming. We need to address these problems, but not by making
title X services more difficult to obtain.
Mr. Chairman, we have a real teen pregnancy crisis in this country,
and the Istook amendment will only make it worse. Opponents of family
planning are exploiting a tragic situation in Illinois to gather
support for their position. If the 37-year-old teacher in question is
found guilty of carrying on an illegal and amoral relationship with a
teenager, he should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. We are
in agreement on that. Let us not exploit that situation for this
purpose, because there is no connection. If school authorities knew
about the relationship, they should be held responsible. We should not
be blaming the title X program for this man's actions.
Title X clinics are now required to report cases of rape, child
molestation, and abuse. Clinic personnel would have been required to
report this illegal relationship had they known about it. Let us stop
exploiting this tragedy in the name of national policy. I urge my
colleagues to support the Porter substitute instead. The Porter
substitute will require that title X programs encourage the involvement
of parents when teens seek contraception and other family planning
services. By encouraging parental involvement rather than mandating it,
we can ensure that teens will not pass up necessary health care
services. This is the same language that passed the House last year.
The Porter substitute also requires that young women seeking title X
services receive counseling on how to resist and avoid coercive
relationships with male sexual predators. We cannot be tough enough on
sexual predators and by voting for the Porter substitute, we can help
to stop them. Let us remember, Mr. Chairman, if the Istook amendment
passes, teens will not stop having sex but they will have more
unintended pregnancies. Let us not make the teen pregnancy crisis in
this country worse.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds in response.
Mr. Chairman, contrary to what the speaker has represented, there is
not any requirement for title X providers to report these situations.
The Congressional Research Service, which provides the information for
us in Congress, double checking the laws for us, confirmed that in
writing to me, and I have it if anyone would want to look at it.
Further, when we talk about the escalation of teen pregnancies,
actually, Mr. Chairman, it is since the adoption of title X that the
teen pregnancy rate out of wedlock has exploded in this country. Slow
increases turned into a doubling after title X was adopted.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Crane].
(Mr. CRANE asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. CRANE. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished gentleman from
Oklahoma for yielding me this time. I want to compliment him and my
distinguished neighbor, the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Manzullo]. The
case that the gentleman from Illinois will get into in some detail
occurred in a portion of my old district that I lost apparently just on
the eve of the molestation of that little girl by that pervert teacher.
But a thing that I think is important as a father of seven daughters
is, I certainly would want to be notified and communicated with in a
similar type circumstance. I think as a parent I have an absolute right
to be notified, and that I make that kind of a decision for a minor
child. I think a minor child, as in the case that the gentleman will
elaborate on more fully later, a minor child involved in this kind of
situation at the age of 13 is hardly in a position to be making any
kind of significant judgments about what is proper behavior. One needs
the parental consultation and involvement.
I would urge my colleagues, because it does not sabotage the
remainder of title X, but it does put that important qualification in
there, and I would urge my colleagues to support the Istook-Manzullo
amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Manzullo].
(Mr. MANZULLO asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
{time} 1715
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, all laws have faces, and every statute we
pass in this body has a consequence. Let me tell you about a
consequence as a result of title X that has occurred in the district
that I represent.
She was 13 when she was first molested by her 37-year-old teacher.
The relationship went on for a year and a half. He, tired of using
condoms, took her to the McHenry County Illinois Health Department, at
that time she was 14, where, without the knowledge of her parents, she
was injected, her arm pierced by a hypodermic needle containing the
powerful drug Depo-Provera.
This happened on at least two or three occasions at the age of 14.
Under no circumstances could she consent to sexual relations, so the
people who gave her the shots knew that she was being statutorily
raped, and there was no report of that made.
She became anorexic and her parents finally asked her what happened,
and today she is in therapy 5 days a week, because, for a year and a
half, this little girl's incident was not reported to the authorities
because of the confidentiality requirement under title X.
All acts have consequences. Depo-Provera, the very chemical that is
used in the State of California for sexual predators who voluntarily
want to be chemically castrated, Depo-Provera, the very chemical whose
side effects include blood clotting. Depo-Provera, the controversial
hormonal agent injected into her arms, without the knowledge of her
parents. Depo-Provera, drugs being ingested, given to
[[Page H7058]]
children as young as 12 years old, and it happened 6,500 times in the
past 2 years in the State of Illinois.
This is what is happening in these title X clinics. And I do not
blame the health providers. I blame the U.S. Congress, which has said
over the past several years that parents have absolutely no role to
play in their children's sexual involvement.
A child being injected with such a powerful drug. In fact, the ACLU
said that they objected to the California prisoners who wanted
voluntary chemical castration based upon the cruel and unusual
punishment because of the tremendous side effects of that drug. That is
what is going on in America today.
This amendment does two things: No. 1, it restores the parent as the
person in charge of the household. No. 2, it sends a message, that the
confidentiality requirements of title X do not shield health care
providers from reporting that children that young are involved in
sexual activities.
That is what this amendment is about. If, as they say, well, the
title X providers are already covered by this particular reporting law,
then do not worry about it, the next State may not. If it applies, it
applies; if it does not apply, it does not apply.
But we guarantee under Federal mandate that the rape that is taking
place in this country, that the Guttmacher Institute, which is the
research arm of Planned Parenthood, is saying that little girls are
becoming younger in age and their sexual partners are becoming older in
age.
We have wholesale rape going on in this country. We are saying the
U.S. Congress should make it a policy that whoever takes Federal funds
is bound by the State reporting laws.
Yes, if she had gone to a high school clinic or principal or teacher,
that person, under penalty of 1 year in jail, would have had to report
that to the authorities.
What this law does is very simple: It allows for unrestricted
information and counseling. It requires a title X clinic to provide
notification to the parent or legal guardian for minors seeking
contraceptive services and devices. It allows for judicial bypass as an
exemption for emancipated minors. It attempts to include parents in the
conversation.
In McHenry County, IL, where there is no requirement for parental
notification, 52 percent of the children receiving these services
already have parental involvement, and included in that 48 percent was
this precious 14 year old who was in daily counseling because nobody
reported that, at age 14, it is illegal for her to have sex in the
State.
What the amendment does not do, it does not prevent the treatment of
or testing for sexually transmitted diseases. That answers the question
of the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey]. Parental notification is
not required for minors to be treated for STD's. It does not deny
services to teens, and it does not require parental consent.
This is a very reasonable amendment. This amendment says the
following: Who is in charge of the children of this Nation? Is it the
U.S. Congress or is it the parents?
The amendment says something else, that anybody who receives one dime
of Federal dollars is bound by the same State reporting laws as the
States are.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished
gentlewoman from North Carolina [Mrs. Clayton].
Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Chairman, teenage pregnancy is indeed a serious
problem, and many of us have been engaged in efforts to resolve that
problem. The approach you take depends on where your own perspective is
in assessing this critical issue. Teenage pregnancy not only is a
problem for the teen parents and their immediate family, but it is,
indeed, a problem for society. Some of us have been engaged in this for
years.
Yes, teenage pregnancy has gone up over the years, but to blame the
title X program is really not to understand the complexity of teenage
pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy is the result of a premature act just like
any other premature act that teens may involve themselves in where the
consequences are less detrimental. It engages not only the family, it
also engages the church and the community. Until we understand that
young people want something to say yes to, they will always say yes to
something, perhaps to whatever comes along, sometimes the wrong thing.
We must provide positive options for them to choose.
To try to correct this problem by blaming title X as the reason for
the failure of society, the failure of parents to be engaged with the
child, is certainly not to understand the complexity of the problem. We
all should be concerned, all of society, just as there are things that
all of us should do.
I support parents being involved. I encourage family involvement. I
am a mother of four, a grandmother of four, and I hope to be a
grandmother of five soon, and I have had now some 8 teenage forums
where I bring people together to say we have a collective
responsibility.
I am here to say that the Istook amendment does not respond to that
collective responsibility. It is very narrowly focused, though well-
intended.
Yes, parents should be involved. Good parent relationship is the
right way to go. But if we believe this we are in denial of reality,
particularly if you want to engage young people.
My heart goes out for the situation in Illinois. I would be enraged,
too. But should I blame the whole society for the perverted act of one
individual? How cruel of me to condemn all of the people, because
indeed one made a mistake.
Title X is not perfect, but it certainly cannot be given credit for
the large increase in teenage pregnancy. All of us collectively should
take our share of the responsibility for this problem as well as
providing ways to resolve it.
The latest statistics for my State show that the teen pregnancy rates
are down. This includes lower rates in the counties I targeted for my
teen pregnancy prevention forums.
Mr. Chairman, let me say, as has been spoken before, I think there
would be some consequences that even the sponsors of the Istook
amendment would not like, if it were enacted into law. Indeed, you are
trying to get parents to be notified. Notification and parental consent
are not one and the same, however to a teenager they are usually
synonymous.
The hospitals are interpreting that the effect of this amendment
would mean that they would be denied funding for Medicaid and other
Federal programs. Hopefully, that is not the case.
Already there are 24 States where, indeed, the violation of the law
requires consent of contraceptives for minors. So what would this bill
do in those 24 States?
The unintended consequences also show that you are pushing your young
people to abortion. There are no good answers to teen pregnancy. The
good answers are to get engaged with young people early, by providing
positive options and not just focusing on where they can get
contraceptives.
Certainly, we want to all be for preventing teenage pregnancy, but
this is the wrong way. I urge a strong ``no'' vote on the Istook
amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from New
Jersey [Mr. Frelinghuysen].
Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding
me this time.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the Istook amendment and in
support of the Castle-Porter amendment. We all want parental
involvement in the critical issues of family planning, but I fear that
enactment of a policy requiring parental notification or consent for
some title X services may well just have the opposite effect.
Confidential access to reliable and timely information regarding
family planning and other primary care services is crucial for young
people. Studies indicate that requiring parental notification for young
people receiving family planning services would mean that many teens
would delay or avoid altogether perhaps seeking these services and
would be derived of a reliable source of information.
I fear by requiring parental notification, Congress may
unintentionally increase the number of unintended pregnancies, sexually
transmitted diseases, and AIDS cases.
Mr. Chairman, leading medical groups with the best credentials,
including the American College of OB-GYN's, the American Academy of
Pediatrics, and the American Academy of
[[Page H7059]]
Family Physicians oppose mandatory family notification, and all for
good reasons. Whatever a family's economic or social background, many
teenagers are unable to speak to their parents about these issues. What
we all want is for our children to make smart and informed decisions
and involve us as parents in every stage of their physical and
intellectual growth.
However, if they do not, and some may not, I think that we would all
agree that we want them to have access to means that would protect
their health and their futures and provide them with reliable
information.
I urge my colleagues, Mr. Chairman, to adopt the language of the
Committee on Labor, Health and Human Services, as included in the bill,
and most specifically support the Castle-Porter amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds.
Mr. Chairman, I think it is important to note, and this has not been
mentioned by the speakers, that this amendment clearly permits the
judicial bypass that is typical for States when they say a child needs
a service which the parent is not providing, to get around the problem
of parents that may not be responsible.
But, Mr. Chairman, I would submit that we should not be presuming
that the parents of 1\1/2\ million teenagers per year are irresponsible
and, therefore, nobody should get parental notice.
Certainly also the amendment only applies to providing
contraceptives. It does not prohibit, for example, disseminating
information or treatment for sexually transmitted diseases.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from North Carolina
[Mr. Jones].
Mr. JONES. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of the Istook-Manzullo
amendment. This common sense approach simply requires parental
notification before a title X clinic can distribute contraceptive drugs
and devices to a minor.
I am one that has always believed that a parent should be notified of
their child's health-related needs. A majority of parents in my
district and throughout this country are in strong support of this
amendment.
We are not denying a minor's choice in visiting a clinic. We are
simply requiring a parent to be notified. Unfortunately, some of my
colleagues have misinterpreted the amendment and believe it requires
parental consent for children to visit title X clinics. That is
absolutely wrong.
Americans are increasingly enraged with the breakdown of the social
institutions of our society. I believe this is evident with the recent
case in Illinois.
As you have just heard, a young female student was taken to a title X
clinic by her junior high schoolteacher to receive numerous injections
of a contraceptive drug. Further, this teacher had been sexually
molesting the child for 18 months. This is sick and this is outrageous.
Rightfully so, the child's parents were horrified and are pursuing
legal action.
Unfortunately, I believe this is just the tip of the iceberg when it
comes to the breakdown of our social structure and, more importantly,
the loss of parental involvement. In my opinion, the Istook-Manzullo
amendment is very much needed to help repair the social fabric of this
country by allowing parents to be involved in their child's life.
{time} 1730
Mr. Chairman, this Nation was founded on Judeo-Christian values.
Family ties and values have been a part of this foundation. This
amendment strengthens that tie. I encourage my colleagues to support
this amendment, and help restore the rights of parents across this
Nation.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from
the District of Columbia [Ms. Norton].
Ms. NORTON. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman for yielding time
to me.
Mr. Chairman, teenage sex is wrong. That is the message I carry to my
district. I stand with those who have called for total abstinence. That
is what I taught my children.
I only wish that were the rule. I have to think beyond my own middle-
class upbringing and paradigm, the values that I live by. I am forced
every day, because of the people I represent, to think AIDS, think HIV,
think STD's, think teen pregnancy.
By the time many youngsters get to the title X clinic, they have
already had a pregnancy. A third of them got there because they already
thought they were pregnant. I am glad they got there in time. Most who
come have been active for almost a year, sexually active for almost a
year.
We simply have to face the extraordinary, varied nature of family
life today. Most families do not look like yours and mine. Increasingly
they do not. In my district there are families that are deeply
religious, and for whom sex before marriage is simply unimaginable.
There are others for whom sex before marriage is the rule. The Istook
amendment wants me to forget about the most troubled, the most
vulnerable to pregnancy.
Mr. Chairman, in my district, AIDS, which used to be characterized as
a gay disease, is becoming a black disease. I cannot sit by and let
that happen. Seventy-two percent of the reported cases in 1996 were of
black people in my district, many of them teens. It is impossible to
pretend today that families need only to get together and they can
straighten this out. I wish, how I wish.
There is no family life for many I represent, much less communication
within a family. Dozens of organizations in the field understand this.
That is why they oppose this amendment. Mr. Chairman, I ask Members to
oppose it as well, and to vote with the Porter amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman
from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn].
(Mr. COBURN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. COBURN. Mr. Chairman, I think everybody involved in this debate
is genuinely concerned that we reduce transmission of sexually
transmitted diseases, that we reduce teen pregnancy in this country. We
all want the same thing. We want a result. What our debate is about is
how do we get there.
As somebody who has delivered 1,500 teenagers, I hope Members will
take the time to hear what I have to say. I am not talking about
opinions, I am talking about the experience of 15 years of dealing with
teenagers. This weekend I delivered two 16-year-old girls. I delivered
babies for them.
I want to tell the Members what the real truth is. First of all, out
of those million teenage pregnancies that occur in this country, over
half occur because of statutory rape; people, adult men, having
intercourse with minors, illegally violating the law in every State in
this country. So half of them result because we have not decided that
we are going to enforce that regulation. That is No. 1.
No. 2, if you have a teenager who goes to any type of family planning
clinic, 12 percent within the first year will be pregnant, with the
best training, the best conditioning, because teenagers uniformly are
irresponsible. Even if they have been taught what we know about how to
prevent pregnancy, they do not concentrate as hard as they should. Many
of them fail to remember to brush their teeth, let alone to take the
birth control pill that was given to them at that clinic.
For those young women who are going to be sexually active, we should
provide it. But there are some other things we ought to know. As we do
that, we have over 12 million new cases of sexually transmitted
diseases in this country every year. Last year NIH released that data.
Of that, 3 million occur in our adolescent teenagers in this country.
Two-thirds of those diseases are incurable.
A condom offers no protection against human pappiloma virus, the No.
1 sexually transmitted disease. CDC cannot even get a handle on it, it
is so pervasive. At California, Berkeley, they did a study just of the
coeds there. Forty percent of the women there are infected with this
disease. That was in 1992. That was in 1992.
So we have a big problem. I do not want to challenge anybody's
motivation in how we solve this. I think we need to redefine the
debate. Let us redefine this debate on how we solve this problem, and
look at the different components of this. Part of it is we need to
start enforcing the statutory rape laws. We ought to talk about that.
[[Page H7060]]
Should the Government be in the place in terms of alcohol
consumption? Should we start an alcohol consumption clinic funded by
the Federal Government to prevent our children from consuming alcohol
as adolescents, because some parents are not going to do a good job of
that?
I do not like title X because I do not think it is effective. As a
doctor who asks patients who come into my practice when they are
teenagers, I had a 14-year-old I saw Saturday morning, pregnant. I
asked her, had she used anything. She had been to the health department
and had gotten everything they had wanted her to, but she still got
pregnant.
But regardless of that, we are going to have title X. This body has
decided that. But should we not say, parents, your child has made a
decision to become sexually active, and we are going to help them? But
we want them to know that. So we have a great opportunity for
intercedence in a parent.
Will it always be positive? No. Is there opportunity for negative,
that they might not come back? Yes. Is there a greater opportunity that
we might help those children? I think there is. I think we should
decide on the side of doing, at least having the faith to give the
parents the opportunity to do it. If it does not work, we can always
change it. We can change it in 1 year.
In 1996 we said, we were going to do a study to find out if family
planning works. Guess what, it is 2 years later from the 1995 debate.
We all talked about it and said we will do this. We have not done a
study, so everybody is going on the basis of opinion. There is not a
study.
The gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Frelinghuysen] mentioned a study.
I said I wanted to see the study. I wanted to read it. I have read
everything I can on sexually transmitted diseases and teenage
pregnancy. I have never seen any study like that, not in a reputable
journal anyway.
Everybody's intentions are the same thing. No matter what happens on
this vote, let us resolve to all get together on this debate and design
something so we know what the facts are, rather than go on our opinion
or our gut or whatever.
I may be dead wrong because my patient population may be wrong, but
let us get together. Let all of us get together and work together to
solve this problem. We can do it, and we should.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Maryland [Mr. Gilchrest].
Mr. GILCHREST. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time
to me. I would like to start off by making a comment about America in
general, what makes this country successful.
I would say the hallmark of the Nation, of this democracy, is human
initiative using good judgment. It is not the Government dictating any
policy. I say that as a general rule of thumb for individuals across
this great Nation, in the diversity of situations they find themselves
in.
Most are very positive, very loving, filled with commitment,
compassion, humility, and discipline. But there are exceptions to that.
It is the initiative, that we want people to take responsibility to
solve their problems.
All of us here want to solve the problems of unwanted pregnancy, of
statutory rape, of sexually transmitted diseases, and all of these
things. Everybody on the House floor right now is committed to do that.
None of us have all the right answers. None of us are absolute in our
knowledge and absolute in our certainty how to resolve those human
issues that will be around for generations and generations and
generations to come. This is just a small, little piece of the puzzle.
This discussion is going to do some positive good to help resolve the
nightmare that some people go through. But human initiative, in my
judgment, is the key: How do we resolve this problem?
I would say to my good friend, the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr.
Coburn], the doctor, who is a very knowledgeable person, and I take a
lot of his advice home to my family, that teenagers are not uniformly
irresponsible. Many of them are. Many of them come from very
irresponsible homes, irresponsible communities, but especially
irresponsible homes. Teenagers are on the brink of beginning to reflect
the nature of their home life.
So what we are trying to do here is to discuss the difficult issue of
raising children, and that is very difficult. Parents, we would hope
every single one of them would be good parents by being responsible, by
exposing their children to other adults that are responsible, by having
a good home life with friends and neighbors and other family members
from the extended family, and that is a wonderful environment.
The problem is, there are some homes that are not like that. As a
school teacher for many, many years, I have had students come to me in
desperate situations because they have been sexually abused by their
parents, or parent, or physically abused or mentally abused. And the
difficulty that the Istook amendment would place upon them is
untenable.
All of us want to resolve this problem, and certainly we want the
parents to be responsible, and certainly we want the parents, the
responsible parents, notified; and the responsible parents are going to
know about these situations because they are going to create around
them an environment of support from the school to the church to the
synagogue to the mosque to the neighborhood to the police department to
you-name-it. Those are responsible people, exchanging their lives and
information, and sharing things with other people.
It is the isolated situations, whether it is in a home that has
difficulty with poverty or whether it is in the wealthiest of families,
there are families where children are isolated from the community and
need our help and need our judgment.
So the hallmark of America is human initiative, using good judgment.
I encourage my colleagues to vote for the Castle amendment, because I
think it begins the process of doing that.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Kentucky [Mr. Lewis].
Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the
Istook-Manzullo amendment. My question is, what did parents do, mothers
and fathers do, before title X? What did they do before Congress got
involved in trying to manage the raising of their children?
I just looked at the chart a little while ago, and it looks like
since 1970, teenage pregnancy rates have doubled. Sexually transmitted
diseases have exploded on the scene. So can we stand here today in the
halls of Congress and pat ourselves on the back for title X, and for
what a great job has been done in stopping teenage pregnancy, in
stopping sexually transmitted diseases? Can we do that?
For 200-plus years mothers and fathers in this country were able to
take care of their children. It is amazing that this great body can be
so presumptuous to think that they can do a better job. I think the
statistics prove that they have not been able to do a better job. It
seems like that would be the face of it.
What is wrong with allowing parents to be put back in the decision-
making process when it comes to their children? It is not your
children, it is the children of the parents of this Nation.
{time} 1745
Like I said, they were certainly able to do a pretty good job until
we got involved in it.
Mr. Chairman, under current title X regulations, clinics across the
country are free to provide contraceptive devices without notifying the
parents, and this violates the most fundamental right of being a
parent, the right to be involved in their children's life when making
crucial decisions.
Yes, there are bad parents out there, but, lo and behold, the
majority of parents in this Nation are good parents. But my colleagues
are painting with a broad brush and saying that all parents are bad.
All of them; that parents in this Nation cannot make good decisions for
their children.
Mr. Chairman, I say for 200-plus years they were able to do a darn
good job. But, no, big government, this Government had to get involved.
What is wrong with taking a look now at where we are? Just like the
gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Coburn], my colleague the doctor, a little
while ago said, let us stop, let us take a look at it.
[[Page H7061]]
Mr. Chairman, I have just sponsored a bill, the Family Impact Act,
that proposes when Federal agencies put forth new regulations, we stop
and see how those regulations are going to affect the family. Do my
colleagues not think we need to stop now just for a little while and
see how title X has affected the family? How not notifying parents
about particular problems, like those mentioned by the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Manzullo], mentioned a little while ago, has affected the
family? Stop and say: What is wrong with this picture? What should we
do now?
Mr. Chairman, I would like to think that if we are going to be
helpful in this Nation to our children and our parents, that we would
at least take a look when things are not going right and say what can
we do to correct it?
Well, this amendment corrects the problem. It makes sure that parents
are involved. It does not mandate that children must get their parents'
permission to use contraceptives, but it does make sure that they are
notified. What is wrong with that? It simply requires that they provide
information to the parents if their child asks for contraceptive drugs
or devices.
It also protects the child by requiring title X providers to report
evidence of child abuse, child molestation, sexual abuse, rape, or
incest to the proper State authorities.
Mr. Chairman, it is time that this Government makes sure that parents
are once again involved in the raising of their children. Is that not
the least parents should have? Like I said, I think they did a good job
until this institution got involved. We need to look and see where we
are and where we need to go, and I think this is a good step in this
amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I urge Members to support the Istook-Manzullo
amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from
Oregon [Ms. Furse].
Ms. FURSE. Mr. Chairman, in this body we are supposed to at least
make sense. That is why I rise in support of the Castle amendment,
which makes sense, and oppose the Istook amendment, which makes
absolutely no sense.
Why does it make no sense? I believe that the Istook amendment will
actually increase teen pregnancy. It seems to me pretty ridiculous to
pretend that all homes are loving, supportive. We would all wish they
were. But most of us know that not all homes are that way, that there
are some homes where a child would be in actual physical danger of
trying to get the parents' consent or knowledge.
We have heard some horrible, horrible cases here today. I want to
remind my colleagues of a case in Oregon where the father of a young
woman raped her. When she told her teacher of that rape, he killed her.
So what about those families where the sexual predator is in the
family?
Now, the Castle amendment makes absolute sense because it will reduce
teen pregnancy. I want to talk a little bit about a program we have in
Oregon called STARS. It teaches abstinence and it allows teenagers to
talk about abstinence, but it also teaches teenagers how to say ``no''.
No to sex. No to coercion. No to abuse.
Mr. Chairman, that program has been introduced into Oregon by our
first lady, Sharon Kitzhaber. It is utilized in half of the counties in
Oregon, but it has been in practice in Georgia for 5 years. Mr.
Chairman, let me tell my colleagues what that program has done in 5
years. In 5 years, this program, which would be like one of the ones
the gentleman from Delaware [Mr. Castle] is asking be included, that
program has reduced teen pregnancy by 33 percent.
So if we want to make sense, if we want to reduce teen pregnancy, do
like the gentleman from Delaware. If we do not want to make sense and
we do not care about teen pregnancy, really, truly, then we would go
with the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. Chairman, I urge Members to support the Castle amendment, make
sense, and reject the Istook amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 2 minutes.
Mr. Chairman, I have been reading over the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] as to when a provider can provide
contraceptive drugs or devices. It says if the minor is emancipated
under applicable State laws, which is redundant as far as I can see; if
the minor has the written consent of a custodial parent or custodial
legal guardian, which is where that language came in; if a court of
competent jurisdiction has directed that the minor receive the drugs or
devices. I cannot imagine a minor going to court, a 14-, 15-, 16-year-
old going to court. And then the key provision, and in fairness to them
it says the provider has given actual written notice to a custodial
parent or a custodial legal guardian notifying the parent or legal
guardian of the intent to provide the drugs or devices at least 5
business days before providing the drugs or devices.
Mr. Chairman, I ask my colleagues to put themselves in the mind of a
child. It could be a 16-year-old child or a 15-year-old child, whatever
it may be. The studies show us that this child has been having sexual
activity for a period of 1 year. This is a child almost inevitably that
has not told the parents. This child has stated he or she will go on
having sexual activity and they want some sort of protective devices,
contraceptives or whatever they may be, and they go to Planned
Parenthood, or they go to some sort of an outlet of a State, or
whatever it may be. At that outlet they are counseled.
Mr. Chairman, by our legislation we would encourage family
participation in the decision of the minors. It provides counseling to
minors on how to resist attempts to coerce minors into engaging in
sexual activities, and that is how it should be. Frankly, that same
child is simply not going to get into a situation in which it has to
have written notice sent to a custodial parent. That is not going to
happen. That means that that child is not going to receive any
counseling whatsoever. The child is not going to receive any
encouragement to see his or her family. The child is not going to
receive any counseling with respect to coercion by an older person,
such as the Illinois case, in the chances of sexually transmitted
diseases, the chances of pregnancy occurring out of wedlock and the
consequences of that become much greater as a result of this
legislation.
It is a simple matter. We have to think this out very carefully. I do
not have a single question in my mind about the authenticity of the
feelings of the individuals involved, but I think they have reached the
wrong conclusion and they have set up more difficulty than they have
provided relief for. So I believe we should support the Castle-Porter
amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 45 seconds.
Mr. Chairman, actually the points raised by the gentleman from
Delaware [Mr. Castle] are already covered amply by the legislation. For
example, counseling does not require any sort of parental notice nor
consent. In fact, if the child has a sexually transmitted disease, it
requires treatment. Also, there is no need of parental notice or
parental consent because there is an immediate health care need. It is
only when they are seeking contraceptives that it comes into play.
Furthermore, the urging of family involvement is already the law and
has been for several years. The amendment adds nothing there. And,
finally, the bill already contains language that says you are going to
counsel minors on resisting sexual advances and so forth. The Castle
amendment adds absolutely nothing to what is already in the bill.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from Colorado, [Mr.
Bob Shaffer].
Mr. BOB SHAFFER of Colorado. Mr. Chairman, I find it surprising,
frankly, that this debate takes place to the extent that it does and
with the passion that it does.
Mr. Chairman, I wish to address a number of points. The credibility
that really eludes the arguments of the opponents of the Istook
amendment is rooted in a number of points that I wish to address.
First of all, Mr. Chairman, I ask that Members remember this is an
appropriations bill. One would think that this was a bill over a
particular activity or another piece of legislation. But what this
really is about is about cash and about funding and about funding a
particular activity through the title X clinics.
One of the comments that was made by the opponents of this amendment
[[Page H7062]]
was that if adopted, it would, quote, deny contraceptive services. Mr.
Chairman, I point out that this amendment only ensures that public
funds are not spent in a way that undermines parental authority. In
fact, contraceptive services to children, for those who support that
kind of thing, can continue on with the Istook amendment.
In fact the proponents of the substitute amendment, which favors
contraception for children, suggests that the groups like the AMA, the
American Academy of Pediatrics, the Hospital Association, the American
Association of Public Hospitals, the American OB/GYNs all support the
concept of contraception for children and oppose the Istook amendment.
Well, these groups are fine organizations. They are in many cases
privately funded organizations. Let them pay for contraception for
children if they really and truly do believe the importance of it.
What is at debate here today, again, is not whether this activity is
legal or should or should not take place. What is in question is the
extent to which our Federal Government should subsidize an activity
that is so offensive to so many and does undermine the principal
authority of parents and families throughout our country.
Mr. Chairman, in my district out in the eastern plains of Colorado,
there are tens of thousands, perhaps hundreds of thousands for whom
contraception alone is an offensive proposition. They believe that it
in fact violates their religious precepts that they practice as a part
of their daily life. Frankly, they are not asking to impose that belief
on anyone else.
But just as there are those who hold those beliefs and ideals dear,
and abide by them daily, there are others who believe that
contraception for children is a good idea. Now, those individuals are
in fact imposing their values, their brand of morality, on all of the
rest. They are in fact taking the cash on April 15, the income taxes of
hard-working individuals who find this activity abhorrent, they take
their cash and they spend it in a way that violates that public trust.
Mr. Chairman, my wife and I are raising three daughters and a young
boy, and if I ever found out that my government was providing advice
and contraceptive services to my children without my knowledge, I can
only say that it would be very difficult to forgive those who allowed
that to take place. I believe I would find a way to do that eventually,
but it would be difficult and it is difficult for every parent in this
country to handle that as well.
Mr. Chairman, it is more difficult still to understand that it is
possible today, in fact likely today, and in fact is occurring today,
that that scenario will duplicate itself and repeat itself and the very
parents who are offended by that activity are bearing the costs
themselves.
Yes, right here in America, parents are paying as taxpayers for
agents of the Government to teach their children values that are
contradictory to those which are taught in the home. We should not
allow that to occur.
It has been said by those who are in favor of contraception for
children that the United States leads the world in sexually transmitted
diseases. That was not always the case. It has only been the case since
we have allowed the Federal Government to intrude into the bedroom on
children, to subsidize the sexual activities of children.
Mr. Chairman, how often have we heard that: Keep government out of
the bedroom? We should not use taxpayer dollars to ease children into a
bedroom. We should not use taxpayer dollars to equip them for an
activity for which they are not fit to engage. We should not use
taxpayer dollars to teach a false sense of security for an activity
that can kill them, that can scar children, that can devastate their
futures and which drives a wedge even further between children and
their parents.
Mr. Chairman, if we want children to learn, we buy them books. If we
want children to brush their teeth, we buy them toothbrushes and
toothpaste. If we want them to obtain jobs, we teach them how to work.
If we want them to be baseball players, we buy them baseballs and
baseball gloves.
If we want them to stop fighting, we take away the clubs. If we want
them to stop shooting, we take away the bullets. If we want them to
stop taking drugs, we take away the needles. If we want them to have
sex, all we have to do is give them the tools, as we do today, to have
sex, to think that they are responsible, to treat them like married
adults, when actually they are foolish children.
{time} 1800
One other opponent of the Istook amendment said that in order to
understand this issue and vote the way they think we ought to vote, we
only need to put ourselves in the mind of a 15-year-old. As a Member of
Congress, I say hell no. We are the U.S. Congress. We are sent here to
represent a country and honor the values of this great Nation, not to
think like children, not to pass foolish pieces of legislation that
take cash from parents and use it to pry their authority away from
their family obligation and their rights as parents. We should pass the
Istook amendment and honor that sacred institution of our families.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds to respond to the
gentleman.
I want to make it very clear that for those of us who strongly
support family planning, we strongly support abstinence on the part of
children and in no way are we encouraging sexual activity.
What we are trying to do is to prevent sexually-transmitted diseases.
We are trying to prevent teenage pregnancy. That is why we are so
strongly supportive of family planning, because 80 percent of the
youngsters who go to these family planning clinics are already sexually
active.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois [Mr.
Davis].
Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in support of the
Castle substitute. I do so because I believe that the Istook-Manzullo
reporting requirements are duplicative and unnecessary.
Furthermore, I have heard some strange logic here this afternoon. The
logic that says, if individuals are already involved in sexual
activity, and we know it, facing the truth is oftentimes painful, but
the fact of the matter is, many of our young people today have already
begun to become sexually active before seeking information, advice, or
family planning information.
The real fact of the matter is, when we deny those individuals the
services that they need, we are relegating them in many instances to a
lifetime of poverty, of misery, of despair, of the inability to care
for children that they have, in fact, produced. The reality is that we
are increasing the need for welfare.
There is no way that young mothers, 18, 19, 20 years old, can take
care of three or four children. And we would deny them information
because we know that many teenagers are not going to share with their
parents the fact that they are sexually active.
I support Castle because it is a vote for realness.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from
Utah [Mr. Cook].
Mr. COOK. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Istook-Manzullo
amendment to title X.
I am from Utah, a State with a reputation for strong families and
meaningful parental involvement. Our laws recognize a parent's right to
have a voice in the choices children make. Our elected officials ponder
ways to strengthen the families, realizing that strong, healthy
families are the best solution to most ills in our society.
Our public education system recognizes and respects the vital, clear
voice of parents. And yet, our children can get birth control devices
from federally funded agencies without the knowledge of their parents.
This troubles parents in my district. This troubles me.
Whether Congress intended this or not, the current title X policy
undercuts parental involvement in this most critical area of a
youngster's life, their sexuality. In Utah, teens must have parental
consent to play on sports teams or participate in field trips, yet they
can obtain birth control devices without notifying their parents.
It is important to note here that we are talking about parental
notification, not parental consent. I am a pro-life Congressman. I am
anxious that Federal policy not subtly encourage abortions. Some have
argued that notifying a parent of a child's request for
[[Page H7063]]
birth control will lead to more abortions. I disagree. I think alerting
parents to their youngster's sexual activity will do more to halt
unwanted pregnancies and abortions than just dispensing free birth
control devices.
We have tried that. We have been trying it for decades. During the
years we have freely dispensed birth control, teen pregnancy rates have
doubled. The number of teens seeking abortions have soared accordingly.
Sexually transmitted diseases have reached epidemic proportions.
What further proof do we need that our existing policy is not
working? It is time to be doing what we should have been doing all
along, bringing parents back into the loop.
I have been disappointed to hear the misleading rhetoric surrounding
this bill. This bill is pro-children. This bill is pro-family. This
amendment is pro-safety. We are requiring recipients of title X funds
to report child abuse, molestation, rape, or incest. These crimes
should never go unreported, regardless of the wishes of a frightened
child. Failure to report these crimes is failure to protect a child.
Just giving youngsters birth control and some pamphlets in those
horrific circumstances is like putting a Band-Aid on a hemorrhaging
wound. The crime must be stopped. The criminal must be punished. The
victim must be helped.
This bill not only ensures responsible, caring parents a voice in
their children's life; it also ensures youngsters meaningful protection
against abusive parents and sexual predators. The full protection of
the law, not just the protection of a birth control device.
I urge passage of the Istook-Manzullo amendment, Mr. Chairman.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood].
Mr. GREENWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me
the time.
I have to begin by saying that my heart is with, in many ways, the
makers of this amendment. My heart is with the gentleman from Oklahoma
[Mr. Istook] and the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Manzullo], because I
understand what they want to do. They want to protect our children from
the elements of our culture that would undermine the values that we try
to teach them at home. They do not want a world in which our kids are
sneaking behind our backs and getting information that rightly ought to
come from us.
As the gentlemen know, I have two daughters. They are 10 and 12. My
wife and I are engaged in this struggle every single day. We are
considered the fuddy-duds in our neighborhood, I think, because my
daughters are always saying, how come everyone has their ears pierced
already and we cannot? How come everybody can wear makeup to school and
we cannot? How come you will not let MTV come into the house? I called
the cable station and I do not let MTV come into the house. So that is
pretty square, I guess.
We work real hard in our family on communications with our kids
because we know that if we can establish communications about these
issues, I stayed up late the other night with my daughter, 12-year-old,
on the question of makeup. And I said, it is bigger than makeup. I will
tell you what I am afraid about. I am afraid that people on Madison
Avenue and people in Hollywood, in order to sell a product, are trying
to create an image. And kids your age feel that if they do not fit that
image that is provocative, 12 or 13 or 14 years, that there is
something wrong with you. I am afraid of these people stealing your
childhood away from you.
That is why we have these discussions. We communicate like that every
day in our family.
If we succeed at this level when we are talking about pierced ears
and makeup, then I think we will succeed when the heavy issues come
like sexuality, going out to parties, and dating, and all of those
things that have me scared to death already.
The parents in America that succeed at doing this, for them this
language is moot. It does not matter. We do not need the government,
for those of us, for parents who have succeeded, we do not need the
government establishing communications. We do not have to mail a
letter, nobody has to mail a letter to me saying your daughter is over
here because I am going to know what my daughter is doing, if I
succeed.
But we also know that really good parents who try hard do not succeed
at this. It is hard to talk about. It is hard for any kid. Think of it
yourself. How many of us can honestly say that when we were 15, 16, and
17 we could sit down at the table and talk about sexuality over dinner?
Let us not pretend, by the way, that that is what happened in this
country for 200 years. Silence was the order.
But some parents will not succeed. And for those parents who also,
just like I do, hope that our kids are abstinent and do not get
involved in sexuality before they are mature enough to do it, we hope
that they will be abstinent until they are 18, at least until they are
married, that this is not an issue. But what we know is that 56 percent
of young ladies under the age of 18 are already sexually active. And it
is higher with the males, 73 percent.
So what are we going to do about that? We know that that is going on.
There are a lot of variables that determine whether a teenager is
sexually active. It has to do with how they communicate with their
parents. It has to do with how they respond to peer pressure. It has to
do with what kind of a situation they are in.
But do you know what does not have any influence on whether a kid is
sexually active? The availability of birth control. They do not refrain
from being sexually active if they cannot get birth control, and they
do not become sexually active because they can. That is not the way
this works. That is not the way the birds and the bees work.
Kids become sexually active or they do not become sexually active for
a lot of reasons. And the kids who can talk to their parents are in
great shape. But if we tell kids who cannot talk to their parents and
who are sexually active that we are going to send a letter home to mom
and dad or you cannot come into this clinic and get contraceptive
services, I wish that would solve the problem. I wish those kids would
say, OK, no more sex. We are finished, cannot get the pill. I wish that
that would work, because that is what the framers of this amendment
hope happens. But it will not happen. That is not what happens. They
continue to be sexually active.
We know the story. They become pregnant; they get sexually
transmitted diseases. They have no one to talk to. They have abortions.
That is the bottom line. That is what happens with this language. None
of us wants that.
There has been a lot of criticism of family planning clinics in this
country, a lot of talk about what has happened with the teenage
pregnancy rate. It has gone down 8 percent since 1991. These clinics
are working. We should protect the work that they do with the Castle
amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as she may consume to the
gentlewoman from California [Ms. Harman].
(Ms. HARMAN asked and was given permission to revise and extend her
remarks.)
Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Castle-Porter
substitute.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Castle-Porter substitute and
against the underlying amendment.
As a mother of four, including a young adult daughter and teenage
daughter, I want my children to seek my advice, if not my approval on
health-related matters, particularly those related to reproductive
issues. But their willingness to talk to me or their father is based on
trust and respect and cannot be mandated by law.
At the same time, as a policymaker, I want to reduce the instances of
unwanted pregnancies and cases of sexually transmitted diseases. Would
requiring parental consent for family planning services achieve that
goal? Clearly not.
Instead, it would create a barrier and overturn statutes in 49 States
by imposing a one-size-fits-all Washington policy. More importantly,
studies show that 80 percent of sexually active teenagers would stop
seeking family planning services if parental consent were required. The
result would be more unintended pregnancies, possibly more abortions,
and certainly more cases of sexually transmitted diseases.
The difficulty we face as parents and policymakers is finding the
balance between policies that encourage the active involvement of
parents in their children's decisions and policies
[[Page H7064]]
that reduce teen pregnancies. The substitute amendment offered by
Messrs. Castle and Porter is the preferable, though far from perfect,
approach.
The Castle-Porter substitute requires that title X grantees encourage
the involvement of parents when teens seek contraception and other
family planning services. To be sure, some may claim that title X
grantees could easily provide the certification required by the
amendment without genuinely making the effort to encourage teenagers to
discuss their situation with their parents.
But I have met with many title X grantees and I know that they share
the concern which has been expressed by both the proponents of the
Istook-Manzullo amendment and the Castle-Porter substitute--that only
through strong family bonds and only by encouraging teenagers to seek
contraceptive advice can we reduce unwanted pregnancies and some of the
other health risks facing sexually active young people. And they all
make a very concerted effort to achieve both goals.
Support the Castle-Porter substitute which will reduce unwanted
pregnancies and cases of sexually transmitted diseases while
encouraging to the greatest extent practicable family involvement in
the decisions of our children.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 40 seconds.
I think the thoughtful comments of the gentleman from Pennsylvania
[Mr. Greenwood] deserve some response.
When he says good parents do not need this because this never happens
in good families, of course it happens in good families. Good families
want to get involved when something happens that is a surprise to them.
If we say that availability of birth control has no affect on sexual
activity, I lived through the 1960's and the early 1970's. I know all
the writings that are out there saying that the availability of the
pill and so forth and birth control had a huge affect on sexual
activity in America.
I do not think that we can say, here is a hammer, here is a nail,
here is a board. But believe me, I am not encouraging you to have it. I
do not think that would be realistic.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
Hostettler].
(Mr. HOSTETTLER asked and was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. HOSTETTLER. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong support of the
Istook-Manzullo amendment and in opposition to the Castle substitute.
I am deeply concerned about the incident that occurred in Illinois,
and even more concerned about current law allowing this type of
atrocious behavior to continue to occur unless something is done and
something is done soon.
I am distressed that it takes the exposure of such an atrocious
situation for an issue such as this to receive appropriate attention. I
am encouraged that this amendment is on the floor today, and I urge
every Member to support the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Currently, there are nearly 1.5 million teenagers using the title X
program. This means that the parents of 1.5 million teenagers receiving
federally funded services pay taxes for those purposes. I think it is
not rational to believe that those parents do not want to be informed
when their children are being supplied with possibly potentially
harmful contraceptives.
{time} 1815
As the father of the two most beautiful little girls in the world and
as a Member of Congress responsible for allocating taxpayer dollars, I
find this issue extremely troubling.
This amendment is critical for parents to be just that, parents.
Unfortunately, the title X program virtually eliminates the role of
parents in their children's receipt of medical care, and potentially
harmful medical care at that.
Opponents of this amendment claim this amendment would result in
higher pregnancy rates and more abortions. I find this difficult to
understand in light of the fact that teen pregnancy rates have doubled
since the title X program was created. At best, there is no correlation
between the funding of this program and a reduction in the teen
pregnancy rates, and in fact, it may be concluded that this program has
actually facilitated its increase.
Parents have been deleted from the picture and clinic employees are
now responsible for providing contraceptives without any interest or
legal procedure to actually question the teenager about his or her
sexual activities.
This amendment, the Istook-Manzullo amendment, would simply require
clinics to report to the proper authorities any abuse, rape, incest or
molestation that title X clinic patients have experienced, and would
allow parents to simply be informed of any contraceptives their minor
child is receiving. This amendment does not prevent the treatment,
counseling or testing for sexually transmitted diseases under current
law. Parental notification is not required for minors to be treated for
STD's.
In addition, it does not deny any services to teens. It does not even
require parental consent, but it will at least let a parent know when
their 13-year-old daughter is coming into a clinic for a Depo-Provera
shot while some 25-year-old monster waits in the car. I think parents
deserve at least that much.
Simply put, I encourage all of us to consider how much longer we will
continue to allow child molesters and rapists to hide behind the
Federal morass of title X regulations.
Mr. Chairman, it seems that in this body we continue to legislate
based on the lowest common moral denominator. We are saying that
because there are parents, a minority to be sure, a minority of parents
that in some way cause problems for their children when they find out
their children have been sexually active; or in the case of the lady
from Oregon talking about the father that killed his daughter when she
reported the sexual molestation, that we must bring everyone in the
country under that same concept of regulation.
Mr. Chairman, I would say that not every parent is like the parent in
Oregon or not even close. Many of us as fathers and mothers want to
know about these situations when they come into our children's lives.
And the idea that we can set up this because we need this for the
children is to say that, for example, we need to eliminate the status
of minors altogether.
If we believe that there is a case in America or some cases in
America whereby some parents may not act responsibly when informed of
these things, why can we not extrapolate from this and say, let us do
the same thing for alcohol abuse. Let us simply not notify the parents,
but have a clinic operator inform the child and counsel the child. Or
tobacco use, how about we not tell the parent that the child is
involved in tobacco use because the parent may be averse to that?
No, Mr. Chairman, in this country we continue to recognize the
importance of parents in the lives and decision-making of their minor
children. This bill does not stop funding of a program that, at best,
has no correlation to reducing pregnancy rates. This does not even talk
about consent. We are not asking that I give my consent if my daughters
receive Federal family planning.
Mr. Chairman, this is a responsible amendment, and I seek that the
membership elect to accept the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman
from New York [Ms. Slaughter].
Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Chairman, I want to take just a moment to answer a
question one of my colleagues asked about, what did parents do before
1970? I was at the University of Kentucky in the 1950's, and I can
answer that question. I think I should.
Women who got pregnant in those days died from botched abortions or
they died from septicemia or they became sterile, unable to have
children in the future, or they were sent away to what was called a
Florence Crittenden home with other women who had, in the jargon of the
day, ``got themselves in trouble,'' to wait 9 months until their babies
were born.
And their families told their friends and everybody else they had
moved away with a relative for a little while. It was common. They had
no opportunity again to go back and finish their education. They were
from the ``good'' families. Poor women just had no options.
The men involved got off without any problem because it was a case of
spontaneous generation, the woman had ``gotten herself into trouble.''
They continued their education and lives, and had every opportunity to
become titans of industry. The women were disgraced.
[[Page H7065]]
That has changed, and I am happy for it.
I wish that every child in America lived in an ideal home, but they
do not. But even in ideal homes, in good homes, where 99.9 percent of
everything is discussed, there comes a time every now and then when a
child may not want to talk this over with their parents.
It is a tragic thing that happened in Illinois, it is a case of
statutory rape, and of course it must be prosecuted. In my district we
do that; and if my colleagues do not prosecute in their districts, I
want to recommend it to them.
But this amendment has a far broader reach. It says that none of the
funds in this act or any other act for any year can be made available
to any title X provider if they do not fulfill this amendment. That
means they risk the loss of Medicare funds, Medicaid funds, graduate
medical reimbursement, disproportionate share payments, and everything
else that we do for health care facilities in this country.
Because of the broad-reaching nature of this amendment, it has been
strongly opposed by the American Medical Association and the hospitals.
Now, let me say one thing that is very important here. I think this
law would preempt State laws on this issue because 24 States have laws
that mandate confidentiality between providers and adolescents. What we
say here over and over again on this floor, what I hear is, we should
never enforce anything from Washington; the States know best, the local
areas know best. In this case we are saying, no, that is not the case.
No, no, Washington knows best on this issue after all.
Now, States deserve to have their considered laws on doctor-patient
communications remain intact, and I urge my colleagues in the strongest
possible terms to reject the Istook-Manzullo amendment, as well-meaning
as it may be, and to support Castle-Porter.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Manzullo].
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I want to respond that the Congressional
Research Service has supplied a memo dated July 28, 1997, stating the
title X regulations do not require that title X providers report cases
of incest or statutory rape.
We are trying to change that law. We are trying to make it mandatory
on the part of title X providers, that they have the same reporting
requirements as State people do. It is just that simple.
So it is incorrect to state, as many Members on the other side have
said, that title X providers are already required to report these
violations.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Largent].
Mr. LARGENT. Mr. Chairman, let me say first of all that I am really
proud to call myself a Member of Congress. It is a privilege and an
honor, and with that privilege comes a great deal of responsibility.
But I also have to tell my colleagues that I am even more proud to be
known as a father, a dad. I have four children, three of them
teenagers. And with that privilege of being called a dad come even
greater responsibilities.
I have to tell my colleagues that it really saddens me that we even
have to debate this issue. As a Member of Congress, in fact, I am
embarrassed; as a parent, I am offended.
Let me just say flat out what this debate is about. This is about, is
it right to notify parents when their children receive counseling,
contraceptives, sexually transmitted disease inspections or testing; is
it right?
Just think about that, as a parent. To use tax dollars that moms and
dads from all over this country are sending to Washington, DC, should
we use those tax dollars to do those things to our children and not let
their parents know about it? Just on the very surface of the debate, it
is laughable. And I want to tell my colleagues again that, as a parent,
I am offended.
If we listen, just below the surface of the debate, of those that are
opposed to letting parents know what is happening to their children,
the message, the underlying message is that we cannot trust parents.
That is the message: We cannot trust parents. So the debate is really
about this.
Who cares the most about my children? Is it people here in Washington
that want to hand my children contraceptives or examine them or offer
these services to them or is it me? Who can protect my children the
best, me or my fellow colleagues?
I want to tell my colleagues, I do not believe any of them care or
love my children as much as I do. I do not care who they are, there is
nobody here in Washington that loves my children more than I do. And
yet there are many people that are trying to impose what they think is
right for my children and other people's children in this country on us
as parents, and that is wrong. And that is what this entire debate is
all about.
Understand, this is about just letting parents know. This is not
about asking for their consent.
I get calls all the time. I cannot say all the time; I have often
received calls from my children's school, from the school nurse. The
school nurse will call to say that my daughter has a headache, and the
nurse needs to get my consent to give her two aspirin. The nurse thinks
she should administer those to her, but she needs my consent. Is it OK
with me.
Not only do they have to notify me, they have to get my approval to
give her two aspirin. And yet my daughter could go to a federally
funded clinic, be tested for sexually transmitted diseases, be given
condoms, given counseling, and I would not even know about it. They
would not have to call and ask for my permission, not even notify me;
and that is wrong.
I want to tell my colleagues what is happening all across our country
to a lot of different institutions of authority, and I want to say that
the family institution is an institution of authority, but what is
happening is not hammer blows against those institutions of authority.
Whether it is the Government or our schools or law enforcement or
families, it is not hammering against those institutions of authority;
it is a slow erosion.
This is one of those ways to slowly erode away the authority of
parents in their children's lives, their ability to direct their
children's lives, to counsel them, as parents, to provide protection
for them. This is one of those things that is slowly eroding that
authority away. And when we erode authority away, we erode respect away
from parents.
It is no wonder we have the problems with teenage crime and violence
and pregnancy that we have today, because we continue to erode the
authority of all parents.
So the question is this, and I will finish by saying the question is
this, and I want to say up front that I do not question the motives of
anybody involved in this debate on either side. I really do not,
because I believe in my heart that every Member of Congress is seeking
the answer to this question. And that question is this: How can we best
help kids in our country today?
I believe every Member of the Congress is trying to answer that
question in this debate that we have before us; and I will tell my
colleagues that the conclusion that I have reached, and the reason that
I support the Istook-Manzullo amendment is this: I have concluded that
the best way we can protect the children of our country today is to
involve their parents, because I believe parents care the most for
their children. So we need to help those parents by at least allowing
them to know what is happening to their children.
I urge support for the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
North Carolina [Mr. Hefner].
(Mr. HEFNER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, may I inquire how much time remains on each
side?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] has 43\1/4\
minutes remaining; the gentleman from Delaware [Mr. Castle] has 29\1/2\
minutes remaining; the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey] had 26\1/
2\ minutes remaining before yielding.
The gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. Hefner] is recognized for 3
minutes.
Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Chairman, I have a tremendous amount of respect for
the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter]
[[Page H7066]]
and for the gentleman from Delaware [Mr. Castle], and it has been
interesting to listen to this debate. And I listened to the gentlewoman
from Kentucky, who comes from a rural district as I come from a rural
district in North Carolina, and she talked about what has changed, and
she was right.
Back when we were growing up, and I am a lot older than most people
here, but when a girl got herself in trouble, it was always a woman
that got herself in trouble. The guy was not particularly involved in
it. It was always the woman that got herself in trouble and she bore
the brunt of it for the rest of her life, if she was even allowed to
live in the community.
{time} 1830
We are not here today to encourage people to be promiscuous. We are
not here to say that family planning is telling our children to be
promiscuous, to go out and have sex with everybody that comes along. It
is obvious that family planning centers, and I have talked to the
people that work there, and they strongly urge people to have
abstinence. They do not say every time that you go to a family planning
clinic you have got to go have an abortion.
The gentleman from Oklahoma said that the people that were talking
about supporting the Castle amendment are urging people, the kids, not
to trust their parent. I have four grandkids. I love them just as much
as he loves his kids. But these kids I am talking about are the ones
that have parents or families that are split, maybe they are living
with an aunt or a grandmother, and can you imagine the frustration and
the fear in a 14-year-old when they come to a problem where they do not
know what to do? They want to go someplace and talk to somebody. It is
terrible. And the kid says, ``I don't have anybody to go home and talk
to. I don't have anybody to notify.'' What are you going to do? Are you
going to give a waiver and go through the courts?
This is a serious business that we are talking about. If everybody
was raised in a good, solid home where the mom and dad loved everybody
and you could talk about it, it would be one thing, but I am concerned
about the ones that do not live in this environment. They are the ones
that bother me.
We are certainly not encouraging people to be promiscuous. We are
certainly not doing that. We love our kids just as much as you do. But
this amendment in my view is wrongheaded. The Castle amendment
addresses it in an absolute, rational way, and this is what we are
trying to get, to the point that we are trying to get to. But I just
want Members to know that all family planning institutions are not
folks that advocate abortion. I might say this. Most of the people that
are supporting the Istook amendment do not support family planning. Let
us get that straight right now.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 3 minutes.
I would just like to make a point. I thought the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Largent] made a very good point. He said he does not
question anyone's motives and I certainly do not either. This has been
a fair debate. I certainly do not even begin to question anyone's
motives. But he raised the issue, and I think this is at the heart of
it. How can we best help kids today? We may be talking about kids from
good families but for some reason have a tremendous fear of talking to
their parents about this at all. We may be talking in many instances
about kids who have troubled circumstances in one way or another or are
afraid to talk to parents. Do we want them in a situation in which they
get no professional guidance whatsoever with respect to what they might
do sexually for the remainder of their lives? Or do we want them to get
some sort of guidance?
We have to understand that in the State clinics, which I have seen,
and I assume in Planned Parenthood and other places, that the advice
that I have seen is generally one of counseling, of trying to persuade
kids to practice abstinence, to get away from sex in every way
possible, and any kind of a device or whatever is always something that
is only done at the end and that is the way it should be, and I think
often these kids need counseling and help, to talk to their parents, to
talk to guidance counselors in school or whatever it may be. I wonder
what a kid would think. Would a kid go to a clinic if indeed that
clinic has some sort of a notification provision? Admittedly, the
notification provision is for the supplying of certain equipment in
this circumstance and not just counseling, or would it go to a
circumstance where the child, he or she, would feel welcome and could
get some help? I would judge that that child is much, much more likely
to go to a clinic in this circumstance. And I think most parents, even
though they would rather be notified themselves and be the ones giving
the guidance, they would probably rather have them have good advice and
counseling than have nothing whatsoever.
For those reasons, I still believe strongly that the provisions in
the Castle-Porter amendment are the ones which should prevail but are
also the ones that are in the best interests of the young people of
this country.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CASTLE. I yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma.
Mr. ISTOOK. I appreciate the comments of the gentleman from Delaware
[Mr. Castle]. I think when we talk about some parents being responsible
and some parents not being responsible, we know it is true. I believe
the vast majority of parents are responsible. So much of the concern is
that in order to provide what we see as help to those who have
irresponsible parents, that standard is applied in the case of
responsible parents and provides an inducement, an incentive, if you
will, that can help draw their children into that. It is the fact that
the current law does not distinguish.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, let me reclaim the few seconds that are
left. I believe in the case of responsible parents in most instances we
are going to find those children are never going to go to any of these
clinics or receive that advice, they are going to go to their parents
or get help otherwise. In certain circumstances that could happen, but
for the most part it is in more troubled circumstances. We are going to
see this child reach out for help. That is my belief. I think it is
documented. I admit that I have not seen a lot of studies on it, but I
think by common sense we can reach that conclusion.
Mr. ISTOOK. Yielding myself 15 seconds, Mr. Chairman, I can certainly
relate that from experience. I know of parents who I personally know
are extremely responsible parents, and yet their children have been
drawn into that nevertheless. I do not think we could make that
assumption. But I appreciate the opinion of the gentleman, as I know he
appreciates mine.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from Texas [Mr. Bentsen].
(Mr. BENTSEN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the Istook
amendment and in support of the Castle substitute.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to oppose the Istook amendment to deny important
health care services and information to young people who may have no
other way to get the help they need and in support of the Castle
substitute.
I believe we all share the goal of reducing teen sexual activity and
teen pregnancy. We all agree that achieving this goal begins in the
home and is the primary responsibility of parents. And we all agree
that abstinence is the best approach to encourage young people to take.
But let us not bury our heads in the sand and pretend we live in a
perfect world where every teenager can turn to a parent for this
assistance. The effects of mandating parental consent can have
devastating results. Rather than promoting parental involvement,
mandatory notification laws can have the unintended effect of
increasing health risks to adolescents because many kids will avoid
proper health concerns to avoid telling their parents.
Title X-funded clinics already encourage teens to talk with a parent
about sex, health, and contraception. Requiring parental consent under
all circumstances takes away the ability of medical personnel to
exercise their judgment as to when family involvement would be
inappropriate or nonexistent. The mainstream medical community
including the American Medical Association agrees that contraceptive
services, prenatal care, and HIV/AIDS diagnosis treatment should be
available to teens on a confidential basis.
Family planning is a necessary investment. Each dollar spent on
family planning saves about $3 in medical care. Denying services to
thousands of youth will simply result in higher rates of sexually
transmited diseases, more
[[Page H7067]]
unintended pregnancies, and more abortions. Right now, publicly funded
family planning programs, including title X, help prevent 386,000
unintended pregnancies to teenagers annually. These programs help avoid
155,000 teenage births and 183,000 abortions. If teens are required to
obtain the consent of parents for contraceptive services, they will
avoid seeking any title X services.
I urge support for the Castle substitute which would require that
title X programs encourage the involvement of parents when teens seek
contraception and other family planning services. By encouraging
parental involvement rather than mandating it, we will ensure that
parents have the primary responsibility in these matters, but we will
also ensure teens continue to have access to necessary health care
services.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from
Colorado [Ms. DeGette].
Ms. DeGETTE. Mr. Chairman, each year publicly funded family planning
prevents 386,000 unintended pregnancies to teenagers, it prevents
155,000 teenage births, and it prevents 183,000 abortions. If we are
going to stand here and try to say with a straight face that parental
notification of birth control is going to prevent teenagers from having
sex, we are living in an Ozzie and Harriet world that has not existed
in this country, if it ever existed, for 40 or 50 years. If we want to
prevent these unintended pregnancies, if we want to prevent unintended
disease and if we want to prevent all of these things from happening,
we need to have family planning service.
I happen to believe, as all of us do, that children should not have
sex as teenagers and that we should teach abstinence-based sex
education to our teenagers. But let us be realistic. Parental
notification is not going to stop teenagers from having sex. What it
will do is take that chart that has been shown by the proponents of the
Istook amendment throughout the afternoon and evening and it is going
to take that line that shows increased unwanted teenage pregnancies and
it is going to put that line right off the top of that chart. That is
not what any of us want here today.
Just listen to some of the comments that teenagers themselves have
made in my district when they were asked the question of what would
happen if they had to talk to their parents before getting birth
control. These are teenagers, some of them came from good homes, but
did not feel they could talk to their parents, and some came from bad
homes where they might have been victims of incest or child abuse.
One 17-year-old said: ``I don't think it's a good idea, because more
teens will do it unprotected rather than having their parents know that
they are having sex.''
Another honest girl told the surveyors that, quote, ``I wouldn't have
come here if I had to have a parent with me and I think a lot of other
people wouldn't, either.''
Let us listen to the word from the teenagers. I too have two young
daughters, and I care more about them than I care about anything in
this world. I love my daughters, I talk to them every day. Luckily for
me, they are not 12 yet, but they are 3 and 7. I am heartsick at the
idea that one of them may have sex before they are ready, before they
are an adult. I am even more heartsick at the thought that one of my
precious girls might have an unintended pregnancy or, worse, a fatal
disease because, for whatever reason, they did not feel that they could
come to my husband or to me. For that reason, I urge Members'
opposition to the Istook amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Pennsylvania [Mr. Pitts].
(Mr. PITTS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. PITTS. Mr. Chairman, today we heard the tragic story of the 13-
year-old girl from Illinois who was molested by her 37-year-old gym
teacher for a period of 18 months while a title X family planning
clinic provided the contraceptives. Mr. Chairman, we should not allow
this tragic child abuse to happen again. Our current law aids and abets
child molesters. This Congress must protect our Nation's daughters.
Federal law requires that taxpayer-funded title X clinics provide
contraceptives regardless of whether a child's parents know she is
seeking birth control. If this 13-year-old's parents had been notified,
her molester could have been stopped.
The Istook-Manzullo amendment will stop the use of Federal funds in
the title X family planning program from being used by sexual predators
to molest young girls. This amendment does two things. First, it
requires title X clinic staff to follow State law when reporting any
evidence they discover that a child is a victim of abuse, sexual
molestation, rape or incest, and, two, it requires title X clinic staff
to give parents notice, that is not consent, that is just informing the
parents of the child's decision, before giving a child contraceptive
drugs or devices only.
This year the California general assembly passed a law which requires
parental consent for body piercing. By 73-3 in the general assembly,
26-4 in the Senate, they passed this law. This is the same girl who
would be provided an IUD to be implanted or birth control pills or an
injection with Federal funds. The Alan Guttmacher Institute reported
that 6 out of 10 girls who had sex before age 15 were coerced by males
an average of 6 years their senior. Mr. Chairman, I ask Members today,
when is Congress going to stop supporting sexual predators? I urge
Members to vote for this vital amendment to protect our Nation's
daughters and oppose the Castle substitute.
Do not be fooled. The Castle substitute does nothing to stop the
molestation of our daughters. The case in Illinois would still have
happened under the Castle language. Vote for Istook-Manzullo, vote to
strengthen parental rights. Vote against legitimizing promiscuity.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter], the chairman of the subcommittee.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman not only for yielding
the time, but most especially for his tremendous leadership in offering
the substitute amendment and his leadership on these very, very
critical issues.
Mr. Chairman, we should start out by admitting to ourselves that this
particular amendment, this subject matter, does not belong in an
appropriations bill. It is a matter that belongs before an authorizing
committee. It is a matter that should not be taken up here, and it is a
matter that, unlike an appropriation, would make under its terms a
permanent change in the authorizing law, a permanent change in U.S.
law.
Mr. Chairman, in my judgment, confidential access to family planning
services is absolutely critical to providing teenagers appropriate
medical care and timely advice. I believe that the Istook-Manzullo
amendment would be destructive of that happening. It would create a
barrier between teenagers and health care services, and would, in
effect, destroy any chance to get the kinds of services that prevent
pregnancies, help to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, and in the
end help to prevent abortions.
Most teenagers that go to a family planning clinic, as has been said
often here on the floor, are sexually active when they go there.
{time} 1845
Some are pregnant, unfortunately. Others want to get contraceptives
so that they do not get pregnant.
Ideally, all of these teenagers would talk to their parents about
their health care decisions. Ideally, every parent should have an open
and honest relationship with their children in which they can
communicate about sexual matters and questions of sexual activity.
We would all hope that the world was an ideal place where this would
obtain. Unfortunately, we know very well it is not. In the real world,
many children cannot or do not talk to their parents. These children
simply do not have an adequate relationship with their parents, and, in
some cases, a parent is actually sexually abusing the child.
Unfortunately, the Istook-Manzullo amendment will not instantly turn
a dysfunctional parent-child relationship into a positive, open
relationship, and, unfortunately, we have to deal with the world as we
find it, the real world, and not an ideal world.
If you are talking about title X clinics, you are talking about
clinics that serve poor women. Yes, there are some women who go to
title X clinics that are not poor, but the overwhelming
[[Page H7068]]
majority of them come from poor families and they are in poor areas.
These clinics are not being accessed by people who have good
relationships with their parents. In many cases they are from broken
families, from families in poverty, from circumstances that simply do
not work to provide for parental consent.
The proponents of the amendment talk about the circumstances of a 14-
year-old girl. They talk about it as if the title X clinic were the
cause of her relationship with a high school teacher 20 years older
than she.
The fact of the matter is that this relationship existed for more
than a year before the title X clinic was ever involved. The title X
clinic did not cause this relationship; the title X clinic did not
facilitate the relationship.
It is extremely unfortunate that this occurred, and obviously we all
deplore it, but at the bottom line the title X clinic may have
prevented a 14-year-old child from becoming pregnant.
I believe that, in the end, and while it is well-intended, the
Istook-Manzullo amendment will increase sexually transmitted diseases,
will increase unwanted pregnancies, will increase, therefore, abortion,
and I believe, will not help the situation, however well-intended it
is.
I believe that the amendment will drive teenagers away from seeking
the kinds of counseling, the kinds of advice, the kinds of knowledge
that they need to avoid sexually transmitted diseases, and it will not
lead to the kind of results that the sponsors wish.
Mr. Chairman, I want to say one thing relating to the question of
sexual abuse which has come up over and over again. There is not one
State in the Union that does not require anyone with knowledge of a
sexually abusive condition to report that to the authorities. If sexual
coercion is going on, everyone, today, must report it to the
authorities, and this amendment would add nothing to that requirement
that already exists.
Unfortunately however well-intended the amendment is, it would not
only not work, it would not only not help teenagers, but it would
actually destroy any chance they have of coming to grips with becoming
an adult in a responsible way.
I would urge Members to support the Castle substitute, which is well-
drafted to provide exactly what is needed in these circumstances, and
to oppose the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 1\1/4\ minutes.
Mr. Chairman, I heard the gentleman from Illinois [Chairman Porter]
say, well, the program should not be done on an appropriations bill.
The problem is, title X has not been authorized by Congress. Its
authorization expired 12 years ago, and there is no other opportunity
except through appropriations bills to affect it.
We heard a claim that it is providing services to poor women.
Actually, Mr. Chairman, the so-called confidentiality requirement is
used to provide services to any socioeconomic group, because they say,
``Do you want us to tell your parents?'' They say ``no.'' ``OK, then we
cannot count your parents' income. We will only count your income as a
teenager. What is it?''
Of course, it is not anything beyond the poverty level, because you
are only talking about a young lady or a young man.
Finally, I know of no case in the entire country, despite the
underage children that go in there, where a title X clinic has ever
reported a case of incest, has ever reported a case of statutory rape,
has ever reported a case of child molestation or abuse.
Mr. Chairman, they have never reported these. And that is the essence
of the problem. They do not report them. I do not know of a single
case. If the Chairman knows, I am sure he will advise us.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter].
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I would simply say I do not know of the
statistics in that area, but I do not think people go into the title X
clinic and say, ``I am being sexually abused.''
The Castle amendment would have people counsel young people about
that exact question and see if they can determine that. So I think that
it will accomplish a great deal more than would ever be accomplished
under the amendment the gentleman has offered.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. PORTER. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, in response to that, the language of the
Castle amendment only repeats what is already in the bill. The Castle
amendment does not add anything or change anything. Those requirements
are already in the bill.
As I say, I know of no case where a title X clinic has ever reported
things. But they do know what their laws are on what is the age of
sexual consent in their State, and they are not paying attention to
them.
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from
Kansas [Mr. Tiahrt].
(Mr. TIAHRT asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the Istook-Manzullo
amendment and in opposition to the Castle substitute.
The opponents of the amendment, the Istook-Manzullo amendment, sent
out a ``Dear Colleague'' which reads:
Under the Istook amendment, a clinic must notify a parent
in writing if a teen requests contraceptives. Five days
later, the teen may return to the clinics for contraceptives.
Parents who do not consent will prevent their teenagers from
returning to the clinics.
Mr. Chairman, this is inaccurate. The parents do have the right to
consent or the right to do nothing, and the child still gets the
contraceptives.
What it does require is that title X clinics report to proper
authorities any child abuse, child molestation, sexual abuse, rape or
incest, and that means that no parent involved in an incestuous
relationship will receive notice. Rather, they will be reported to the
proper authorities.
It does allow for unrestricted information and counseling, which is
duplicative in the Castle amendment, and it requires the title X clinic
to provide notification to the parents or legal guardians for the minor
seeking contraceptives. It does allow for judicial bypass and an
exemption for emancipated minors, but it does attempt to include
parents in the process.
It does not prevent treatment or testing from sexually transmitted
diseases. Parental notification is not required for minors to be
treated for STD's, and it does not deny any services to teens. It does
not require parental consent, only notification.
This is about trust really. It boils down to trust. Are we going to
trust kids and parents or do we trust government?
This is not about somebody else. This is about us right here on the
floor. It is about you, and it is about me, and it is about Jessica, my
16-year-old daughter, who some of you met in Pennsylvania at the
Hershey retreat.
So I ask, how does this affect me? How does this affect the rest of
America? I believe most parents would do the right thing when notified.
They would talk to their kids.
I know that I love my children more than any clinic can. But will all
parents react properly? Probably not, according to most people's
judgment. But, you know, this is not a risk-free society. It never will
be. But they will be faced with a very important issue, the reality of
what is going on in their children's lives.
If you do not trust yourself or those parents, this amendment will
cover that. It has already taken into account that they can consent,
again, for the children to get contraceptives and counseling, or they
can simply do nothing and allow the clinic to provide this.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. TIAHRT. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I do not think notification would ever
occur, because I think in almost every case the teenager would simply
not go to the clinic. They would not get the counseling, they would not
get the information, they would not know about sexually transmitted
diseases, they would not get contraceptives. It simply would cause the
clinic to stop functioning and stop providing those services.
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, what I think it will
do, Mr. Chairman, is it will force the parents to deal with the issue,
and the children too, and that is not a thing
[[Page H7069]]
that is occurring now. It is my hope the parents will do the right
thing. They will talk to the kids about commitment, about personal
responsibility, about the value of lasting relationships and
abstinence. But if we do not notify the parents, we cannot give them a
chance.
So let us put our trust in people and not in the Government. Let us
trust ourselves, not some institution.
I know there is a great deal of concern about less than ideal
families.
Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. TIAHRT. I yield to the gentleman from North Carolina.
Mr. HEFNER. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman would yield for a
question, I am confused about this. One does not need consent, but one
has to have notification. In what form would be the notice of
notification? Would that be a card or a telephone call or what? Or
would the kid be sent to take a letter home to their parents, or what?
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I do not know how the
regulation is written.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. TIAHRT. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, the Secretary of HHS would be authorized
to issue regulations as to the form of written notice.
Mr. HEFNER. A written notice to the last known address?
Mr. MANZULLO. That is correct.
Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I think that the real
underlying issue here is who do we trust? Do we trust people or are we
going to put our faith in government?
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the
distinguished gentlewoman from California [Ms. Woolsey].
Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to the Istook-
Manzullo amendment, because, quite simply, this amendment puts the life
and the future of young women all across this country in danger.
Mr. Chairman, it is time to stop pretending that unwanted pregnancies
and sexually transmitted diseases just go away if we do not talk about
them. It is time to recognize that teen pregnancy and teen abortion
rates actually drop when young people have access to the preventive
reproductive health care that they need.
Mr. Chairman, I find it ironic that those who call for greater
responsibility from our youth are the same people who would deny young
women the tools they need to be responsible. It is equally ironic that
the Congress would consider interfering with young women's health care,
when almost every major medical and public health organization in this
country opposes the parental consent requirements in this amendment.
Mr. Chairman, who do we listen to? If the Istook amendment passes,
who will young women, those who do not have safe, supportive families,
who will they turn to for sound medical advice? Who will help them
avoid unwanted pregnancies and disease? Who will help them make
responsible choices about their future?
Mr. Chairman, let us stop playing with the lives and the futures of
young women. Let us defeat the Istook-Manzullo amendment and adopt the
Castle substitute.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New
York, [Mr. Houghton].
(Mr. HOUGHTON asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
{time} 1900
Mr. HOUGHTON. Mr. Chairman, we are really talking about title X.
Title X goes back to 1970. This is something that George Bush was very
much involved in, and President Nixon signed into law. It has been very
successful, as Members know, not only in terms of the things we have
been talking about, but in terms of testing for breast and cervical
cancer and infectious diseases. It really has been an extraordinary
program. The thing I hate to do is to sort of tamper with it.
I am a grandfather of 15 children. I identify with the parental
understanding and consent and all things like that; but I think the
thing that bothers me is that when you thrust the Government right in
the middle and say, ``This is mandatory,'' it destroys the very fabric
of the family. It destroys the thing which we have been trying to do.
It destroys, undercuts the very statistics we are all so proud of.
It seems to me that if we are going to march down this road, we want
to do it in a practical, in a sensitive, in a really profamily way, so
we let the families and the churches and the friends and the
communities work their will and their influence on children. And
therefore, I am very much in favor of the Castle amendment.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Mississippi [Mr. Parker].
Mr. PARKER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me the
time.
Mr. Chairman, I have enjoyed this debate today. I do not question the
motive of anyone on either side. For in excess of 30 years we, as a
society, have done everything in our power to try to change the look of
this country. We have tried with social engineering to do everything
that we could to make people act in a different way. I submit that we
have failed miserably.
The status quo that we are talking about today says that what we want
to do is continue the same process, the same path we have been walking
down, and if we continue to do that, we are going to get the same
results.
It would seem to me that somewhere along the way we, as a body,
should try our best to take the families that we have in this country
and strengthen them. It seems to me we should be supportive of
families, that we should uplift them, that we should be able in some
way to help them in such a way that they can make it through rough
times.
It seems to me it is a very odd scenario that we, as a body, have
made the determination that what we should do is interject lies and
deceit in this family relationship. There are those who say, well,
there are a lot of families out there that are dysfunctional. That is
true. But if we expect the worst of people, that is exactly what we are
going to get.
I will tell the Members this: This amendment cannot do anything
nearly as bad as what we have had happening for the last 35 years. We
have gotten more pregnant teenagers, we have gotten more people
pregnant out of wedlock, we have gotten more communicable, sexually
transmitted diseases in this country than at any other time in our
history. It is getting worse every year.
I think it would be a wise move on our part to move away from the
lies and deceit that we have interjected in these relationships and we
want to constantly interject in these relationships, and do something
positive for a change. The moral relativism that has occurred with the
advancement of the policies that are in place now is ridiculous. It has
been hurtful for every family.
I think we should do something revolutionary. We should put some
truth into relationships. We should allow the truth to be told to
parents, and then we would, I think, see a positive difference. I must
tell the Members that what we are doing now has been the most hurtful
thing to our families of any other policy we have ever advocated.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I am pleased to yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the
distinguished gentlewoman from California [Ms. Pelosi], a member of the
subcommittee.
Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman for yielding me the
time.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to the Istook-Manzullo
amendment and in strong support for the Castle-Porter amendment, and
commend them for their leadership in bringing this very important
amendment to the floor.
Listening to the debate, it is clear that an amendment of this kind
and a discussion of this kind of issue goes right to the heart of
American families. It strikes fear into our hearts, we who are parents,
and I am the proud mother of five children.
The very idea that our children may be sexually active before they
are married is something that is not anything that we would support, so
we all promote abstinence and support building families and truth in
relationships; and where there is truth in relationships, where parents
have engendered that
[[Page H7070]]
truth, there probably is not a problem. But where there is a problem,
title X is an answer.
Listening to the debate and listening to my colleagues sincerely put
forth their ideas, it is clear to me that it is time for this House of
Representatives to have a discussion of the facts of life, because they
are being ignored in this debate.
The facts in relationship to this issue are these: There are
effective methods to reduce adolescent sexual activity and pregnancy,
but sticking our heads in the sand is not one of them.
The restrictive amendment proposed by the gentleman from Oklahoma
[Mr. Istook] will deny many teenagers contraceptive services. It will
not cause them to be less sexually active. The fact is, it will cause
them to be less responsible in their sexual activity. Certainly we
promote abstinence, but certainly we recognize that not all young
people follow that lead, and they need more advice and counseling.
Studies show that if restrictive parental involvement of this kind,
and not of the kind very smartly put forth by the gentleman from
Delaware [Mr. Castle], studies show if the restrictive parental
involvement were mandated, 80 percent of teens who do seek
contraceptive care now would no longer seek that care, and less than 1
in 100 would stop sexual activity. The National Center for Health
Statistics recently reported that the birth rate among teenagers has
fallen since 1991, due both to fewer teenagers having sex and better
contraceptive use among those who are.
There are reasons why the medical community is firm in its opposition
to the Istook amendment. The American Medical Association, the American
Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Academy of Family Physicians
all oppose mandatory parental consent.
The substitute, the Castle-Porter substitute offered today,
encourages parental involvement which is appropriate and helpful for
many teens. It recognizes that mandatory notification or consent does
nothing to prevent either sexual activity or unintended pregnancies.
I call the Istook amendment the classic law of unintended
consequences, the consequences of more sexually transmitted diseases,
more teen pregnancies, and more abortions, unfortunately. And of
course, the other services that are provided at title X clinics would
not be provided, as well.
I urge my colleagues to support the Castle-Porter substitute and
oppose the Istook amendment.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the distinguished
gentlewoman from Idaho, Mrs. Helen Chenoweth.
Mrs. CHENOWETH. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time
to me.
I listened very carefully to the gentlewoman from California as she
put forth her very eloquent debate on this issue. She is right, because
the crux of this whole issue really is truth in relationships. It is a
very, very important thing in this day and age.
I think one of the reasons why I am so strongly supportive of the
Istook-Manzullo amendment is because the relationship between the
parent and the child, as far as how the Government interacts in that
relationship, must be strengthened.
The Government needs to take a position of showing ultimate respect
for the parents with regard to their relationship with the children,
unless there is reasonable cause to believe that that relationship is
horribly abusive. And in many cases the relationship is abusive; we
always want to stand guard against an abusive relationship like that.
Mr. Chairman, it is a very sensitive thing for young women to have to
approach their parents and say, gosh, Mom, I am pregnant. That is a
very difficult moment in a family's life together. But being a woman
who before coming to Congress was engaged in counseling other women in
other situations, I have found time and time again that once that
hurdle is overcome, that the relationship between mother and daughter
or the relationship between father and son or father and daughter or
daughter and father actually strengthens.
Nine times out of ten the parents, of course, after finally getting
their breath and realizing, yes, this is taking us off into a new
passage, rally around with all the natural instincts of parents with
that child to help them through this very difficult time.
Mr. Chairman, let us run this picture back again. When teenagers may
approach their parents and say, I want to become more sexually active
and I feel that I am ready for this, the fact is that the parents then
have the chance to be able to counsel with their own child as to what
their best judgment would be as parents.
The fact is, and I so agree with the gentlewoman from California
about the fact that our young people need to understand that there are
consequences to actions, yes, they do, but they need to understand that
within the context of what is being taught in the home and in the
churches, as well as in society and in the schools.
So I very strongly support the Manzullo-Istook amendment because I
strongly believe it does two very, very important things: First, it
strengthens States' rights in that it says, it simply says,
notwithstanding any other provision of law, no provider of services
under title X of the Public Health Services Act shall be exempt from
any State law requiring notification or the reporting of child abuse,
child molestation, sexual abuse, rape, or incest. So again, the Federal
Government should, under its rightful responsibilities, uphold State
law.
I find this amendment to be somewhat benign, except in the fact that
I do believe that it strongly enhances the ability of parents and
children to handle their problems as a family.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Connecticut [Mr. Shays].
Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time.
Mr. Chairman, this is not a debate I was eager to get involved in,
because it is a very sensitive issue. You are always afraid you might
say the wrong thing when you speak from your heart. But that is the way
I want to speak.
I know our children are having children. I have conducted a number of
hearings on my Subcommittee on Human Resources. I know that 82 percent
of all teen pregnancies are unintended. I know that more than half of
the unintended pregnancies end in abortion. I know the teen birthrate
in the United States is the highest of any industrial nation.
I also know that I wrestle with, as I think all Members do, the issue
of values. I want our children to have values and want our society to
have values. I strongly disagree with people in this country who think
we cannot teach values. I think a decision to not have values is a
decision not to teach values.
So I stand before the Members as someone who really wants our
children to know what to do and what not to do. I want our Government
to contribute to that, and not to be conflicting with it.
But I rise in support of the Castle-Porter substitute amendment to
the Istook-Manzullo parental notification amendment because, with all
my heart and soul, I believe that if the amendment stands without the
substitute, we are going to have more sickness, we are going to have
more disease, we are going to clearly have more pregnancies, and we are
going to have more abortions. I think that is ultimately the result.
I support family planning assistance. The Istook amendment will not
prevent young people from having sex. We are not going to outlaw sex.
It is still going to happen.
{time} 1915
But the Istook amendment will deter teens from seeking contraceptive
services. Approximately 86 percent of teens coming to title X clinics
for family planning services have already had sex. Title X family
planning clinics offer a wide range of services, including
contraceptive, socially transmitted disease screening and treatment,
HIV screening, and routine gynecological examinations. Requiring
parental notification for contraception will deter too many teens from
seeking these very important services.
So I do not reluctantly oppose the Istook amendment; I strongly
oppose it. I believe the Castle substitute to the amendment is
essential if we want less sickness, less disease, less pregnancies, and
less abortions.
Mr. Chairman, I really believe that what we are trying to talk about
in
[[Page H7071]]
values really begins with what a parent teaches his or her child. And
this is an area that gets a little more dicey, but frankly those
children who have been involved in sexual activity are in a
circumstance where they need help. Unfortunately, in many cases they do
not think they can turn to their parents.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Hoekstra].
Mr. HOEKSTRA. Mr. Chairman, this is a core, gut issue. As a father, I
can only echo the thoughts of the gentleman from Oklahoma who spoke
earlier tonight, that it is embarrassing and disappointing that this
Congress will insert itself between a parent and a child.
Listening to the debate, I am frustrated. I get to the boiling point
of anger, believing that there are those in this House who believe that
it is this Congress' responsibility and right to intervene between a
parent and a child and that this Government is better at teaching
values and better at solving these kinds of problems than what a
parent, a family, a church can do. It is actually a frightening
thought.
Mr. Chairman, all this amendment does is say that as these decisions
are made, a parent has a right to be notified before the Government
starts handing out contraceptives, before the Government starts handing
out advice.
Mr. Chairman, my kids going into this type of an agency, they do not
know my kids' names, they do not know the background, they do not know
the parental values, they do not know the issues going on at home.
Heaven forbid that they would start dealing with this issue with my
kids.
What makes us believe that this government was ever given the right
to raise our kids and teach them about these issues? There is
absolutely no right for the Federal Government to become involved in
these issues.
Mr. Chairman, all we are asking for is parental notification. What we
have today is a relationship and a process which destroys the
relationship between a parent and the child. It encourages a veil of
secrecy between children and their parents.
If title X is so good, and if title X solves so many problems, why do
we not change the focus of title X and instead of focusing on the kids,
let us go to the parents? What makes us afraid of taking this approach
and selling it to parents and saying here is a program, here is a set
of values, here is a set of issues that we think your kids ought to
know about. Sign them up today and we will help you raise your kids.
Why do we start with the kids and go to the kids and break the
relationship?
If we are worried about the families, why are we engaged in
activities of breaking down the family structure rather than going to
the parents and saying, you know, we know a lot about these issues.
There are programs in the Federal Government that are here to help.
They are so good, we are not ashamed to come to you as parents and to
talk with you as parents to help you get the kind of advice and the
information necessary to raise your kids.
But instead of going to the parents, no, we are afraid to go to the
parents because we know that most American parents do not support this
kind of an approach and this kind of intervention with their kids.
It is time for us to be building families, not to be putting programs
in place that destroy families and tear down the relationships between
parents and kids. It is no surprise to me that this administration also
is the administration that eliminated the parental impact statement or
the family impact statement.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself 30 seconds to respond.
Mr. Chairman, I just want to say to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr.
Hoekstra] that many of us are very frustrated and angry at the rising
rate of teenage pregnancy. And if the relationship between the parents
and the children were so good, then there should not be any concern
about those children going to the title X clinics.
So let us work together to promote abstinence, because I share the
gentleman's concerns and I am very angry at the rate of teenage
pregnancy, which is now escalating over the last 10 years.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Texas [Ms.
Jackson-Lee].
(Ms. JACKSON-LEE asked and was given permission to revise and extend
her remarks.)
Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman from
New York [Mrs. Lowey] for her leadership, and I thank my colleagues who
have come to the floor.
Mr. Chairman, I want to make a simple statement. First of all, as a
parent of a daughter, I would offer to say that all of us would hope
our family relationships, our ability to communicate and show nurturing
and love to our children, leaves the door open for those children to
come to us with their most intimate secrets. All of us as parents pray
every day that we will never have the tragedy that faced the young lady
at her prom in New Jersey, the tragedy of the young couple who are now
being charged for a tragedy that occurred with an alleged stillborn
baby. Those are the end results, the tragedies of America.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment would require that a minor attain the
consent of a custodial parent or legal guardian before receiving
contraceptive drugs or devices from a provider receiving funds under
title X. Notice that I said parent or legal guardian. That means that
the legal guardian may not have a blood relationship with that child.
There are issues of incest and poor relations and frustration and
fright. If there is a good relationship, we can be assured that our
child will be there to ask us for advice and guidance. More
importantly, we will be there to talk to our child about what happens
in life as they move toward maturity and the feelings in their body.
But yet now we are asking for the long hand of the government to
intrude in a process that is confidential. Title X is a confidential
provider and a confidential process. In fact, the Federal law requires
that parents are encouraged to participate, but yet there is this
confidentiality that allows that child to be protected away from incest
and threat.
Mr. Chairman, I would encourage my colleagues to defeat this
amendment and support the Castle-Porter substitute to encourage our
children to be protected.
I rise today to voice my opposition to the Istook amendment to H.R.
2264, the Labor-HHS-Education appropriations bill. The Istook amendment
requires that a custodial parent or legal guardian be notified before
their child receives contraceptive drugs or devices from a provider
receiving funds under the title X family planning program. The
amendment also contains a provision permitting the courts to give
consent for a minor to receive such drugs or devices if parental
consent cannot be obtained.
I agree with my colleague, Mr. Istook, that adolescents should be
encouraged to seek their parents' advice and counsel when facing
difficult choices regarding family planning and prevention. Indeed,
Federal law already requires title X providers to encourage family
participation in reproductive health decisions. The Government,
however, cannot mandate healthy family relations where they do not
already exist. While many teens do discuss their situation with a
parent, not every teen is able to speak openly with his or her parents.
This amendment will prove harmful to teens by deterring them from
seeking needed health care to prevent teen pregnancy. Studies confirm
that when parental involvement is mandated by law, particularly in the
case of family planning, adolescents are likely to delay or avoid
seeking needed care.
In one of these studies, it was reveled that if parental involvement
were mandated, 80 percent of the adolescents surveyed would no longer
seek care. However, less than 1 in 100 of those same adolescents would
discontinue sexual relations. In another such study, 58 percent of high
school students surveyed in three public schools in central
Massachusetts reported having health concerns they wished to keep from
their parents. Approximately 25 percent of the students said they would
forgo seeking certain types of medical treatment if there was a
possibility of parental disclosure by physicians.
Every year, approximately 1 million teenagers in this country become
pregnant, and 86 percent of births to unmarried teenagers are
unintended. Such high rates of teen pregnancy are a burden to us all--
to the teenagers, to their children, and to society as a whole. Fewer
than 60 percent to teen mothers graduate from high school by age 25--
compared to 90 percent of those who postpone childbearing. Further,
teen mothers are four times as likely as women who have their first
child after adolescence to be poor in their
[[Page H7072]]
twenties and early thirties and are more likely to have lower family
incomes later in life. Additionally, teenage girls have a higher risk
of pregnancy complications--including maternal mortality and morbidity,
miscarriages and stillbirths, premature births and nutritional
deficiencies--than adult women.
The personal impact of teenage childbearing is twofold, diminishing
the opportunities of both the mother and the child for the children of
teenage parents are more likely to become teenage parents themselves,
thus perpetuating the cycle of poverty.
Given the reproductive health crisis currently facing American youth,
it is clear that continued access to confidential reproductive health
services is critical. Restricting access to these services will make it
more difficult for at-risk teens to escape poverty and will put
adolescents' lives, health, and future fertility at risk.
I urge my colleagues to join me in opposing the Istook amendment. We
must not interfere with the goal of preventing teenage pregnancy.
Several organizations oppose the Istook amendment, they are:
American Hospital Association, American College of Obstetricians and
Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of
Family Physicians, American Public Health Association, and American
Medical Association.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I have been concerned about this issue for some time as
a Governor. When I became Governor of Delaware, we had the highest
infant mortality rate of any State in the country. This is a State that
is reasonably wealthy.
I am the cochairman, with the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey],
of the Congressional Advisory Panel for the National Campaign to Reduce
Teen Pregnancy. It is a tremendous concern.
One point that I just want to discuss here tonight is the correlation
that we are hearing between the advent of family planning and the
increase in teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, and
sex in general, in this country. I just do not happen to believe that.
Mr. Chairman, I do not have the percentages, quite frankly, of how
many people actually go to these clinics. But I imagine it is a very
small percentage of young teenagers who are involved in sex or who
become pregnant in any way whatsoever. But obviously with
permissiveness in society across the board, with a greater disregard of
marriage than we have had heretofore, we have some tremendous societal
problems that we have to address.
Mr. Chairman, so to say that these two are directly related to each
other I think is really going too far. And when you think about that
and realize what is the best way to deal with our poorest children,
because basically the title X clinics are for poor children, they
charge fees if you have income above a certain level. It is for our
poor children, a lot of whom have family problems.
Do we want to encourage the kids to go in there and get advice and
help? And the answer is yes. We want to do everything we can to get the
kids in the door, to get the advice of these counselors and the help of
these counselors. It is that simple.
Again, Mr. Chairman, I cannot stress enough how much I believe in the
faith and the intent of those on the other side of this particular
issue. But I believe with all my heart that the way we are going to
help teenagers the most, the way we are going to help them with respect
to dealing with this problem, is to make this an inviting and a warm
circumstance. The best way to do that is to pass the Castle-Porter
amendment which will address the issue that way.
Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Arkansas [Mr. Dickey].
Mr. DICKEY. Mr. Chairman, I have four children. All of them are boys,
except for two. It is ``except for two'' that bothers me now, even
though they are of age. They are grown. Laura and Rachel are very fine,
well-adjusted kids, and I am thankful for this. Their mother and I both
are.
But what I see here is that the parents have all the responsibility,
but our government is trying to take the authority away, so that if
there is something wrong, it is the parents. But we are taking the
authority away and showing no respect that the kids can give to them as
parents.
Look at what we do in our schools. We thrust the government in
between the parent and the child. Let us say on prayer in schools, at
home and in church parents who choose to do so will talk to their kids
about prayer. They send them to school and the people say no, your
parents may do that, but that is not correct. That is not the thing to
do.
We send our kids to school and we say to them, obey your teachers,
obey the school officials. This is the way things are supposed to be
done. The schools send the kids home and say disregard your parents.
Mr. Chairman, we are in an uphill battle now as far as trying to get
more values back into our Nation and we cannot do it through the
government. We cannot. And the circumstance we have right now is that
we have circumstances where grown adults hear from kids without the
parents knowing about it. They learn of things like statutory rape, and
they stay quiet. They do not tell the parents, they do not tell the
authorities, because they have this feeling that if they do, the kids
will not confide in them later.
What we need to start having to happen is that for kids to start
confiding in their parents. We need to stop thrusting the government in
between the parents and the kids.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to please vote for the Istook-
Manzullo amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Moran].
Mr. MORAN. Mr. Chairman, 10 years ago, when I was mayor of the city
of Alexandria, which is just across the Potomac River from us, perhaps
the toughest thing that I had to do was to establish a family planning
clinic for teenagers. I say I felt I had to because of the intolerably
high incidence of teenage pregnancies and abortions and sexually
transmitted diseases.
So we availed ourselves of all of the data. We talked with the
students and parents at length. We had this very same debate that we
are having today, except that it lasted a year. Mr. Chairman, we came
to the conclusion that if we required parental notification, we might
as well save our time and effort and money, because the students were
not going to use it.
Now, let me say, frankly, it has not been a panacea. We still have
nearly 50 percent of the older teenagers who have had sexual
intercourse at least once. The national figure is about 40 percent.
{time} 1930
But what it has done is to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies.
It has reduced the number of abortions. It has reduced the number of
sexually transmitted diseases. It has improved the health of our
student body. And although the information is only anecdotal, from
talking with the parents, I know that there are far more parents who
are communicating with their teenagers because of the existence of that
family planning clinic, because the first thing they suggest is
abstinence, and then the second thing they urge is to talk with their
parents. It is working. That is what family planning clinics all over
the country do.
One of the statistics that we have to bear in mind, and it was the
case in Alexandria, is that nearly 90 percent of the teenagers that go
to these family planning clinics are already sexually active. So we are
not talking about encouraging any sexual licentiousness. What we are
talking about is being responsible, doing what is in the best interest
of our young people. Support the Porter-Castle amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the gentlewoman from
Connecticut [Mrs. Johnson].
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of the
Castle amendment. I would say that this has been a worthy discussion.
It is clear that we are all united in wanting good law and government
to strengthen families. We are united in wanting trust and good
communication between parents and children. We are united in wanting to
reduce teen pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, and abortions.
It is, indeed, extraordinarily difficult to decide how to accomplish
these goals from Washington, but what I want to point out to my
colleagues
[[Page H7073]]
about this amendment is slightly different than that debate and
dialogue that has proceeded here for the last hour and a half.
According to lawyers for the American Hospital Association and the
National Association of Public Hospitals who have reviewed the text of
the amendment, they believe it is written more broadly than was first
thought. The parental consent requirement applies not just to title X
funds but to all funds used to provide contraceptives, including State
and privately raised funds. So if a hospital or a clinic fails to abide
by the parental consent requirements in this bill, it forfeits all
Federal funds which it might be receiving from title X, Medicaid,
breast and cervical cancer screening funds, community health center
funding or any State or private funding.
On the other hand, in 24 States it is a violation of State law to
require a parent, guardian, or judge to consent to contraceptives for
minors. Therefore, this amendment puts hospitals in between. They must
violate State law or run the risk of losing their Federal funds in 24
States.
Now, that is the reading of the amendment by the lawyers for the
American Hospital Association, the National Association of Public
Hospitals.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, will the gentlewoman yield?
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, the problem is that they have read it as
parental consent. Ours is parental notification. The gentlewoman has
used ``consent'' during the course of the argument. I am sure that is
the way they phrased it.
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Chairman, I think that is probably
my mistranslation of the dialogue that has been taking place over the
course of yesterday and today. They mistake that because many of us
believe that notification in this instance is essentially equivalent to
consent. But if I may then correct my words to say ``parental
notification'' requirement, it is still the same.
In other words, I believe that my central message is still accurate,
that this amendment will put hospitals in 24 States in a very difficult
position. They will either have to violate State law or run the risk of
losing all of their Federal funds.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes and 15 seconds to the
gentleman from Utah [Mr. Cannon].
Mr. CANNON. Mr. Chairman, the issue we face today is an emotional
issue. Like my friend and colleague from Arkansas, I have several
children, seven to be exact, all of whom but two are also boys. In my
case, like my friend, the gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. Dickey], I have
a Laura and a Rachel. I also have a Jane, Emily, Elizabeth, and another
possibly on the way.
As we consider the issue before us, it is in the context, of course,
of this growth in unmarried teens having pregnancies leaving us a
legacy of single family homes, higher welfare costs, and extensive
juvenile crime. Everyone agrees that something should be done.
On one side some believe that easy access to contraceptives will make
the problem go away. Others, including me, believe that the fundamental
problem is the diminished role of the family, not the lack of
pharmaceuticals. Families are the building blocks of our society and
even the best clinician can never be the equal to a caring parent when
a child begins to think about sex. That is why I support the Manzullo-
Istook amendment and why I oppose the Castle amendment. It sets forth a
simple minimal standard when it comes to taxpayer-funded contraceptives
for our children; that is, that parents must be at least notified
before services are provided.
As legal and moral guardians of our children, we as parents have a
right to know. We require parental consent before giving immunization
or providing surgery to minors. We must at least notify one parent
before a child is given birth control. Parents, not clinic workers,
must be able to help their children with such sensitive decisions, and
parents deserve the opportunity to make their views known to the child
before the child makes a life altering decision.
This measure reaffirms and reinforces our central role as parents in
the lives of our children. If this Congress believes that Government
should strengthen families, not pull them apart, we will reinforce
parental authority by supporting this amendment.
One of the unintended consequences of this law, title X, birth
control funding, is that the Federal Government becomes the widely
recognized schoolmaster who our children then look to in making
decisions about morality. That is the impropriety of our current
situation and why I support the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Parliamentary Inquiry
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore (Mr. Crapo). The gentleman will state it.
Mr. MANZULLO. Can the Chair advise as to who has the right to close?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. The gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. Obey] or
his designee, the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey], would have
the right to close.
Mr. MANZULLO. This is on the substitute amendment. It is not the
committee position. Therefore, would not the person who provides the
amendment have the right to close?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. At this point the debate has essentially
become fungible between the amendments, and the Chair is perceiving the
debate to be, therefore, on the first degree amendment. Therefore, a
member of the committee in opposition to the first degree amendment
would have the right to close.
Mr. MANZULLO. What does that mean, Mr. Chairman?
The CHAIRMAN pro tempore. It means that the gentlewoman from New York
[Mrs. Lowey], as the designee of the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr.
Obey], would have the right to close.
Mr. MANZULLO. I thank the Chair.
Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Missouri [Mr.
Talent].
Mr. TALENT. Mr. Chairman, in 1965 the out-of-wedlock birthrate was 6
percent. Today, it is 32 percent. We have had an explosion of
illegitimacy in the country at the same time as contraceptives have
been widely available without restriction to children. All of the
sociological data indicates that these kids are not having kids because
they do not know the facts of life or do not have access to
contraceptives. They are getting pregnant because they are choosing to
get pregnant because our society has consistently sent them the message
that they should do what is expedient ahead of what is right, precisely
the kind of policy that the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] is
trying to change.
Mr. Chairman, these kids do not need condoms. They desperately need
to be told the truth, that for them sexual experimentation is
physically, emotionally, and spiritually dangerous. They are much more
likely to get that message from their parents than they are from the
Government. If we have not learned that lesson from the last 30 years,
then experience has truly gone through us without stopping.
Support the Istook amendment. Oppose the Castle amendment.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 5 minutes to the distinguished
gentlewoman from Connecticut [Ms. DeLauro], a member of the
subcommittee.
Ms. DeLAURO. Mr. Chairman, I would like to begin by making my
position clear. I think that parents should be involved in their
children's lives and in their decisions. The Castle-Porter substitute
ensures that clinics encourage teens to discuss these decisions with
their parents, and I support that language.
I urge my colleagues to examine the Istook amendment, a misleading
amendment. The gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] claims his
amendment requires parental notification but not consent. He claims
that under his amendment teens will have the same access to testing for
sexually transmitted disease that they do now. But the facts show that
he is wrong.
Despite protestations, the Istook-Manzullo amendment is a parental
consent amendment. The bill requires parental notification in writing 5
days before a teen can return to a clinic and receive birth control.
This is, in effect if not in name, a parental consent amendment. If
teens think their parents will be told, they will not come to the
clinic in the first place. This amendment will scare teens away from
getting the contraceptives that they need to avoid pregnancy.
[[Page H7074]]
Medical organizations, including the American Medical Association,
make no distinction between parental notification and consent. In fact,
they oppose both. They point out that if parental notification or
consent is required that the youngsters will not go to the clinics.
Those are not my words, this is the American Medical Association.
Teens are screened for sexually transmitted diseases, many of which
have no obvious early symptoms, especially for women, only after they
go to a clinic for birth control. They do not go to clinics to be
screened for sexually transmitted diseases, they go for contraceptives
and are then persuaded to be tested. By the way, it is important to
know that State law requires that the knowledge or incidence of rape
that may be reported in that State clinic must be reported by the
clinic. State law determines that.
That is why all six living Surgeons General, those who served under
Presidents Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush, and Clinton, oppose
parental consent. In 1994, the six Surgeons General wrote in opposition
to a Helms parental consent amendment: ``We support the efforts of
public health professionals and health care providers to encourage
minors to involve their families in all aspects of health education and
health services. We would strongly oppose a Federal mandate that
requires parental consent as a condition of receiving Federal funds.''
In fact, the amendment is even more far-reaching. Lawyers for the
American Hospital Association and the American Public Hospital
Association who have reviewed the text of the amendment have pointed
out that the parental consent requirement applies not just to title X
funds but to all funds used to provide contraceptives, including State
and privately raised funds. If a hospital or clinic fails to abide by
the parental consent requirements, it would forfeit all Federal funds
which it might be receiving, including Medicaid, breast and cervical
cancer screening funds, et cetera.
But in 24 States, it is a violation of State law to require a parent,
guardian or judge to consent to contraceptives for a minor, in 24
States. Therefore, hospitals must violate State law or run the risk of
losing all of their Federal funds, even those which care for seniors,
the disabled and others who, in fact, have nothing to do with family
planning. Let me be clear once again, I support parents' rights to
guide their children. The Istook amendment will undermine that
objective.
As the six Surgeons General wrote, ``there are data showing that
adolescents will forgo counseling, education, and services if parental
consent is required. A policy of this nature would sharply reduce the
hope of reaching those teenagers who are most at risk and reduce the
ability of health professionals to encourage family involvement or
assist adolescents in taking responsible action.''
{time} 1945
Whether we call it parental consent or whether we call it parental
notification, the Istook-Manzullo amendment will, in fact, increase
teen pregnancy, teen abortion, and sexually transmitted disease.
I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on the Castle substitute and to
oppose the Istook-Manzullo amendment.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Istook].
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, I hear people say, oh, they are already
required to follow the law and report statutory rape or incest or child
molestation or sexual abuse or whatever we want to call it. Title X is
providing services to 1.5 million teens each year. It has been in
existence for 27 years.
I have not heard of one single instance where any of these teens
pulled into the program, adolescents as young as 12, 13 years old, has
ever, ever, ever, ever, in 27 years, had a title X provider report a
case that it is statutory rape, it is child abuse, it is incest. Not a
single instance in 27 years.
It is time we fix that. The amendment fixes it.
After all, title X was adopted in 1970. The birth rates for unmarried
teens has doubled since title X because it provides a false sense of
security that it is OK and safe for them to have sex.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from
New York [Mrs. Maloney].
Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the
Istook amendment.
This is a difficult issue for me. As the parent of two daughters, if
one of my daughters were receiving advice from a family planning
clinic, I would want to know. But a reality is that most of our young
people do not consult their parents or any adult about their sexual
activity. In fact, studies show that 80 percent of teens who currently
seek family planning advice at clinics would stop going if they had to
ask their parents. Only 1 percent of those kids would stop sexual
relations.
This amendment would effectively increase the number of abortions,
increase teen pregnancies, increase the spread of sexually transmitted
disease and increase the spread of AIDS. Whether we are asking for
parental consent or parental notification, the result is the same:
Confidentiality is crushed and, with it, the intent of the program.
How many times a day do we ask our teenagers to act responsibly? Let
us give them the freedom to do as we ask. We can encourage our young
people to consult their parents, we can ask parents to be there for
their children, but we as a government simply cannot mandate these
sorts of relationships.
Mr. Chairman, I urge a ``no'' vote on the Istook amendment and a
``yes'' vote for the Castle amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood].
Mr. GREENWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding me
this time and for his leadership on this issue.
When I was in school I learned that one of the worst ways to confound
logic was to use generalizations. Whenever we generalize, we make a
mistake, and there has been a lot of that in this debate.
My good friend, the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Hoekstra], talked
with great passion about his concern that this language, the Castle
language, would undermine communications in the family; it would
somehow spread itself into our families. And yet here we are on the
other side of this argument saying that is not the case.
There has to be some reason why honorable people seeking the truth
find themselves with a different perspective, and I think it is this:
Roughly half of the teenage girls in this country are not sexually
active before the age of 18. So if we take that population for
starters, we are not having any effect on them. They are not sexually
active, they are not going into clinics, and so the families are
untouched by this.
Of those who are, most of them never find their way to a family
planning clinic. They are sexually active, but they do not begin that
process by going to a family planning clinic.
That is not how this process works. Usually what happens is, after
they have been sexually active for about a year, they get scared, they
think they are pregnant or they think they might have a sexually
transmitted disease, and then they go into the clinics to find out. And
when they are there, they find a counselor who says, let us talk about
this and let us get your parents involved. And 55 percent of the
teenagers who do go to the clinics, this relatively shrinking
population of American teenagers, do involve their parents.
So what we are really talking about is a very small fraction of
America's teenagers, and these are the kids who are sexually active, do
go to a clinic, do not involve their parents because they cannot. We
have to make that distinction.
Yes, most American families will not be touched by this. They do not
need my help, they do not need the Istook-Manzullo amendment, they do
not need Congress involved in this issue at all. But if there is any
doubt in anyone's mind that there are teenagers in this country who are
prematurely sexually active and have not the parental and family and
church resources to guide them, let us take a walk out of this building
and in 3 minutes we will find scores and scores and scores of those
teenagers for whom the family values we have been talking about are
nonexistent. The church resources, the community resources are
nonexistent, and yet we know they are sexually active because all of
the indicators show the results of the pregnancies and the sexually
transmitted diseases.
[[Page H7075]]
So, for God's sake, for those kids, for those kids that are not like
our kids, support the Castle amendment and give them a hand.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, how much time do we have remaining?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois [Mr. Porter] has 17\1/2\
minutes remaining, the gentleman from Delaware [Mr. Castle] has 6\3/4\
minutes remaining, and the gentlewoman from New York [Mrs. Lowey] has
3\1/2\ minutes remaining.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 minutes to the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Istook].
Mr. ISTOOK. Mr. Chairman, one of the great blessings in my life is
being the father of five children. Three of them are girls. All three
of my daughters are teenagers. We have made the evolution from young
teenagers to older teenagers.
I heard the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood] recount, for
example, going through with his daughters situations like, can I get my
ears pierced, when do I start wearing makeup, when can I get a driver's
license. We go through all those experiences, and over and over, we run
across situations where our children are told they have to have mom or
dad's permission, they have to have the consent of a parent, whether it
is piercing of ears or things such as that.
We can have a child that is involved in an automobile accident, and
we find that for emergency medical care they have to have that parental
consent. We have situations if a child is going to have aspirin at
school, if they are going to be going on a field trip, these are just
samples from some of our schools, from one in Virginia, authorization
for medication, to be completed by a parent or guardian before they are
going to give any sort of simple medicine to a schoolchild.
Field trip permission form. This particular one from the Fairfax
County public schools. And then this one, which by the way is from the
public schools which my children attend or have graduated from in Ponca
City, administering medicines to students. It is the policy of the
board that with written parental permission medicines can be
administered to your child. Over and over we have that.
And here is a standard medical consent form, an allergy shot consent
form. Here it says signature of patient or parent, ``patient'' if they
are of legal age, ``parent'' if they are not.
Here we have the consent or even notice that was provided to the
parents of the 14-year-old in Illinois who was lured and coerced and
pulled into a sexual relationship with a 37-year-old man to get the
shots of Depo-Provera, an extremely controversial drug with plenty of
side effects. That is the consent that was required. That is the notice
that was required. Nothing. It can have interactions with other health
issues with our children, but we will never know about it.
We may make a decision that relates to giving our children some other
medicine or some other treatment, and we do not know about potential
interactions because title X avoids it.
So we have these things that are going on which are contrary to the
way that people are trying to live their lives and instruct their
children, and it all comes about because there is in the title X
regulations a requirement of confidentiality. And it is Federal law; it
supersedes State law.
I hear people say, what about the State law? The answer is, Federal
law supersedes it. In fact, we just had decisions in Utah over parental
consent on that. One came down about 2 weeks ago in Texas that Federal
law controls over State efforts or interests in providing parental
notice or parental consents.
And this confidentiality is used to declare a child eligible for
title X, because then we do not consult the parents on the income so
they can become automatically eligible. And in addition to that, the
confidentiality is used to avoid turning things in.
We have a whole chart of what is the age of consent, what are the
laws in the different States? And the youngest any State has, and there
are only two of them, two States say that age 14, a minor, could give
consent to sexual relations. Two other States say 15; 27 States say 16;
five say 17; 14 say 18; and they all have different standards according
to the State law on what is considered statutory rape or sexual abuse
or child abuse or child molestation.
We think those laws are important. They ought to be followed. But
title X, with this little confidentiality requirement, has been on the
books for 27 years. It is now treating 1.5 million teenagers a year. We
know that many, many, many, many, many of them are below the age of
consent. They are at the age where the law says, we want to protect
them, we want to protect them. Anyone that gets involved in a sexual
relationship with them can go to jail.
Everyone else has requirements to report child abuse or sexual abuse,
but out of the 1\1/2\ million treatments a year, 27 years, which is
potentially, what, 40 million treatments, I do not know of a single
case, not 1 for 27 years, where a title X provider has ever said, this
is a situation where incest is going on, this is a situation where
statutory rape or child molestation or sexual abuse is going on. They
do not report it.
We hear from doctors in hospitals that say, oh, I do not want to have
to report that. Everybody else in this country is responsible for
protecting our children and reporting situations like that, but we have
some people that do not want to get involved, and they are the ones
that are making the judgment calls and the decisions on whether our
children are receiving these treatments subsidized by hundreds of
millions of dollars of taxpayers' money.
I think it is kind of common sense to say, I want my kids protected.
Everyone wants their children protected. Let us say simply that if they
become aware, they know what the age of consent is, if they become
aware of these things, they should report it to the proper authorities,
just like everybody else does.
Millions of cases with title X providers providing services to
minors, no reports. They do not turn them in, even though it goes on.
That is the first part.
The second part, of course, is notifying the parent, the parent that
would have the consent to anything else involving the health and safety
and well-being and counseling and guidance of their children.
But we cut them off. We isolate them. We say we have made a national
decision that is more important than the decisions parents will make in
their homes. We have made a national decision because some people, and
they do, some people do have problems communicating with their parents
to that degree; but because some have the problem, we are going to make
it the law to cover 250 million Americans instead of saying, we are
going to set up a system that only covers those that have a problem.
{time} 2000
The amendment does that. It has the so-called judicial bypass
language which tracks mechanisms that already exist in every State when
a parent is not responsible and needs to be bypassed. We have got it in
there. But instead we are told, Oh, let's vote for a substitute, a
substitute that says, Well, let's counsel people on how to avoid sexual
predation. The trick is that language is already in the bill. The
requirement that they encourage teens to get their parents involved has
been the law for years. The so-called substitute is just a figleaf, it
is just something to try to hide behind because some people do not want
to tell their constituents how they voted on parental notice, how they
voted on requiring title X providers to report it if they know of a
situation.
Title X was adopted in 1970. This is 1970. The birth rates for
unmarried teenagers in 1970, 22.4 births per 1,000 teenagers. This is
it now. This is the year title X was adopted, 1970, and created this
bypass for parents involving guidance and direction for their children.
Since then, the out-of-wedlock birth for teens has doubled: 44 per
1,000. Because after all if teens think they are being protected, ``Oh,
I've learned how to do this'' and they forget to take the pill, forget
the diaphragm, leave behind an IUD or whatever it may be, they make a
mistake, they think they are protected, they are teens, they are still
kids, they make the mistakes and they end up with more pregnancies. If
you do things to make sexual activity by teens easier, there will be
more sexual activity, there will be more out-of-
[[Page H7076]]
wedlock births and there will be more abortions, too. The thing to do
is to try to diminish the number of teenagers having sex, not to
subsidize it with hundreds of millions of dollars of our taxpayer
money, which is what is happening now.
Please help me protect my children. I am going to have grandchildren
someday, grandparents care, too. Let us protect our kids and our
grandkids. Let us make a commonsense amendment to this Federal program
and say, first and foremost, the parents have a role in their kids and
Uncle Sam should never try to take that away. I urge defeat of the
Castle substitute and adoption of the underlying amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
Texas [Mr. Edwards].
Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Chairman, I only wish life were so simple. We pass
the Istook amendment and magically parents and teenagers communicate on
all personal issues. Teenagers stop having sex and dysfunctional
families become close. Would it not be nice? I do not mind if some
people choose to live in a dream world. But I mind greatly when some
political dreams become a nightmare for thousands of young Americans.
Maybe this amendment will make some feel good in the comfort of their
happy home this evening, but the reality is it will result in misery
for thousands of young Americans. For me, Mr. Chairman, that is simply
too high of a price for others to pay for me to feel good tonight. In
the real world, the consequence of this amendment is more abortions and
more unplanned pregnancies. If our moral message to teenagers is that
they should face the consequences of their actions, maybe we in
Congress should stop preaching and start practicing tonight on this
amendment. Vote ``no'' on the Istook amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter], the chairman of the subcommittee.
Mr. PORTER. I thank the gentleman for again yielding me this time.
Mr. Chairman, I have heard the proponents of the amendment cite
concent issues over and over again. Obviously, notification in this
amendment is therefore equivalent to consent. What we are really
talking about is consent and not notification. Beyond that, it is very
clear that if you provide notification, the young people from
dysfunctional families, the ones that cannot talk to their parents, are
the very ones that will never get the services.
I have heard the gentleman from Oklahoma say over and over again, he
does not know of any cases being reported of sexual abuse by title X
clinics. It is not very convincing to me that that is a fact. The fact
that he does not know it means nothing to me. I do not know that I have
the statistics available, but let me say that the laws of 50 States
require that sexual abuse be reported and adding a Federal law to say
the very same thing is not going to change whatever the result may be.
I have also heard a number of Members out here quoting the statistics
from 1970 on and suggesting that we are far worse off in terms of teen
pregnancies and the like. No doubt. But where would we have been
without title X clinics? We have gone through a sexual revolution in
this country where all the old taboos in the 1960's went out the
window. At least title X clinics were there to provide some guidance
and some responsibility and prevented, I think, in many cases many,
many unwanted, unplanned pregnancies that otherwise would have occurred
and many cases of sexually transmitted diseases.
We have heard over and over again this evening about a 14-year-old
girl who was sexually abused by her high school teacher. The fact of
the matter is that that is the use of innuendo, in my judgment, in the
worst possible way. This relationship began a year before the victim
ever went to the title X clinic. There is not any question about that.
The clinic did not know about this relationship. It did not cause it.
If anything, it prevented the 14-year-old from becoming pregnant. I
urge Members to vote ``aye'' on the Castle amendment.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from
Maryland [Mr. Hoyer].
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from
Maryland [Mr. Hoyer].
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Maryland is recognized for 1 minute.
Mr. HOYER. Mr. Chairman, before I left the floor I heard that the
gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook] has three daughters. I have three
daughters of my own. They are no longer teenagers. Obviously they all
were. Like all teenagers, they had problems. Their relationship with
their mother and father was dictated more by the context of our family
than it was by law. I suggest that the Castle alternative does what the
American public wants done. That is, they want to encourage families to
be involved with one another. That is obviously beneficial to the
children, to the mother, the father, and to America. But they do not
want to discourage young people from getting the health care that they
desperately need from time to time. That is why I believe the Castle
alternative is what the American public believes is a commonsense
alternative, encouraging us to attain a worthy objective but not
discouraging us from having healthy teens.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois is recognized for 7\1/2\
minutes.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, the purpose of this amendment is to
involve parents in the conversation of their children's sexuality,
because the U.S. Congress has made a decision that parents are
irrelevant when it comes to their sexuality. We are trying to reverse
it. Because of the present law, parents are being denied the
opportunity to protect their children from sexual predators in many
cases, from giving advice on abstinence or getting out of a
relationship once a parent is notified that his or her child is about
to receive sexual devices. It denies the parents the opportunity to
work with their children and contraceptives, if that is the choice, and
in fact in over half the children visiting clinics, the parents are
already involved in a conversation. Parents are being denied the
opportunity to protect their children from being given a prescriptive
medication that in itself could have harmful side effects, such as
Depo-Provera, and parents are being denied the opportunity to protect
their children from being given prescriptive medicine which could harm
the child by mixing the drug with medication the child is already
taking. In fact, before Depo-Provera is given, there has to be a
complete medical history. But most of all parents are being totally
excluded from their right to raise their children. There is no evidence
to the claim that pregnancies and abortions will increase once parents
are involved.
Let me give my colleagues a study. We have a study that shows the
more involved a parent is with a child, the less likely the child will
become pregnant. A study entitled Family of the America's Foundation,
Fertility Appreciation for Families Program conducted by the University
of New Orleans involved 3,600 adolescents and 2,500 parents from across
the country. It was a special program designed to involve parents in
discussing and counseling sexuality with their children. The purpose of
the followup study was to determine the effect of the program which
stressed parents involvement in sexual education and decisionmaking of
their children and to see how that would affect adolescent premarital
relationships. The conclusion, when parents are involved in discussing
child sexuality, the rate of pregnancy of the children is 22 times
lower than the national average. That means irrefutably that when
parents exercise their right to raise their children, which this law
denies them by putting a barrier of confidentiality between the child
and the parent, that means the child is being protected.
Who protects the child? Not the State. It is the parent, because the
parent becomes involved in it. In all this debate tonight, not one
person has stood up and said, is it not terrible that a 14-year-old
child in Crystal Lake, IL, was shot up with Depo-Provera. Look what
Upjohn says about their drug which was injected into the veins of that
precious little girl: ``Patient should be counseled. This product does
not protect against HIV/AIDS.''
[[Page H7077]]
It is rubbish to say that when you give girls contraceptives, they
are protected against infection of HIV. They are not. There is no
female protection against HIV. In fact, when the boys stop using the
condoms and the girls go on the pill or the other devices, that
increases the opportunity for STD's with the kids. And Upjohn says it
could affect bone mineral density changes, it could cause thrombotic
disorders; that is, blood clots. It could cause temporary blindness. No
14- or 15-year-old child is capable of making an informed decision as
to whether or not she should take that drug. That is the bottom
question here. Do you believe a 14-year-old is capable of making an
informed decision that she can take these drugs? If you do, let her
have all the drugs she wants. Just throw the parents out of the
equation, which it is now. But in America today, little girls as young
as 12 years old are being injected, they are being implanted and they
are ingesting very, very strong drugs.
In fact, this is the drug that is the drug of choice for the States
such as California that allow chemical castration of convicted
pedophiles who choose themselves voluntarily to undergo castration.
Think about that, Members of Congress, that in their clinics today our
precious little ones at the age of 12 are given the same drug that is
used to give to convicted pedophiles for chemical castration. That is
horrible. And what else goes on in these clinics? What is not going on
is the fact that they are not reporting the cases of rape and incest
and sexual abuse. If you are concerned about incest, you should vote
for this bill. When the little kid goes there, the title X provider has
to call the police and the father goes to jail.
{time} 2015
That is how you protect the children. We have heard a lot of talk in
the past several years about protecting the children. This is an
opportunity to protect the children. This is an opportunity to allow
children to receive STD protection, STD medication, without parental
notification, because there is an epidemic going on.
All this says is this: If you believe that the parents of America
have a right to be involved in the conversation of sexual activity with
their children, then you must vote for Istook-Manzullo. If, on the
other hand, you believe that the Federal Government knows better than
the parents; if, on the other hand, you believe that we are to penalize
all the parents in this country because of a handful of parents that
cannot communicate with their children, then parents become irrelevant.
Then you might as well say, Give them all the drugs they want. You
might as well say, Give them all the alcohol they want. You might as
well say, Give them all the tobacco they want.
But there a reason we have parents. The purpose of the parent is to
protect the children. Under title X regulations, a child is deprived of
the opportunity to be counseled by his or her parents before receiving
birth control devices.
Think about 12-year-old little girls around this country being
implanted with Norplant. Think about 12-year-old girls being shot in
the arm with Depo-Provera. Think about 12-year-old girls getting
prescriptions for birth control pills, all without even the knowledge
of their parents.
All this amendment says is give parents the right to know that their
children are involved in sexual activity.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. MANZULLO. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I do not know of any provisions of in title
X or any other provisions that prevents parents from sitting down with
their children and discussing sexual activity and the facts of life.
Does the gentleman?
Mr. MANZULLO. That is right, parents can still talk to their kids.
Mr. PORTER. Parents today can talk to their kids.
Mr. MANZULLO. Except when the health department says they cannot.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Delaware is recognized for 3\1/2\
minutes.
Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Chairman, I listened to the arguments. I, frankly,
think some of them are sensationalized, probably some are factually
correct.
But the truth of the matter is that we are pretty united in our goals
here tonight. There are some 4.3 million individuals who go to these
clinics for help in some way or another.
We all, all of us, want to help our kids. There is nobody here who
does not want to do that. We all would like to have parental
involvement. I think the question is correct, is there always parental
involvement? Generally, we are dealing with cases in which parents and
kids cannot talk or identify with each other in any way whatsoever.
You have to put these two amendments on a scale and you have to
determine what is best for our children, how best to help our kids and
families. What should we do?
If you put down the Castle-Porter amendment, you will see that a
child can go to a clinic and receive counseling, and be told that
abstinence comes first, and be told that they should not be involved in
sex in any way whatsoever. They will be encouraged to speak to their
parents.
That clinic will deal with abusive or illegal relationships when they
know about it, and they did not know about the one in Chicago, by the
way. There will be a place to turn to for help and advice. They may be
willing to go in and get that help, although I still suspect there are
a lot of children who will not even bother to go in there at all, but
at least we have someplace for them to go.
If we have a circumstance in which we are saying you have to have
parental notification before they get there, that may be a fine law,
but the consequences are that that number of children who would go to
the clinic for help is going to diminish greatly. And when it
diminishes, you are inviting the problems that come with it, which
involve greater sexual activity, no discussion with parents whatsoever,
it discourages responsible behavior, and it could result in more
unintended pregnancies, and it could result in more abortions, which,
of course, always follow from unintended pregnancies.
Nobody intends that and people can reach different conclusions as far
as that is concerned, but I do not know how one can really with clear
logic look at this and not realize the conclusion that you probably are
talking about unintended pregnancies and possible abortions, and that
is not helping kids the way we want to help kids in the United States
of America.
Mr. Chairman, family planning is extremely important to make
absolutely sure that we are bringing home the interests of all of those
kids who just otherwise will not receive help, and the effect of the
Istook amendment is to cut that off altogether. The effect of the
Castle-Porter amendment is as it should be. By the way, it has always
been the law that recipients of title X funds are in no way exempt from
State-imposed criminal reporting requirements. They have to do that.
We strengthen the Federal role in stopping sexual predators who prey
on children. They must counsel their clients on how to resist and avoid
such coercive sexual relationships. As I have already indicated, it
involves counseling, it involves urging them to talk to their parents,
it involves dealing with the abusive relationships, and it involves a
place where they may have some comfort in going to and not getting
advice on the street. That is what it is all about.
We need to help our kids in every way we can. We have a tremendous
problem in this country. Quite frankly, you cannot blame all teenage
sex or pregnancy or maybe even any of it on family planning. It is a
result of other social permissiveness that has come across this
country, and I think we have to deal with it as best we can.
The only way to deal with it tonight, and the best way for this House
to deal with it tonight, is to vote for the Castle-Porter substitute.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. Olver].
(Mr. OLVER asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. OLVER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in favor of the Castle substitute and
against the Istook amendment.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the Istook amendment and in
support of the Castle substitute.
[[Page H7078]]
The Istook amendment mandates parental notification, tantamount to
parental consent, for birth control services under title X.
It is tough for a sexually active teenager to talk about
contraception with a parent. Even for a teen who has a close,
supportive relationship with her parents. For an adolescent with
abusive parents, it can be downright dangerous.
Because they fear parental disapproval or punishment, many teenagers
will only use confidential family planning services. When parental
permission is required, these teenagers tend to delay or altogether
avoid, reproductive health care at great danger to themselves rather
than abstain from the sexual activity that leads to children bearing
children.
We all would like to believe that requiring parental consent will
reduce teen sexual activity. Unfortunately there is no such evidence.
We all agree that family participation is ideal and title X
counselors are required to encourage teen clients to talk with their
families about birth control.
But not all adolescents can involve their families in sexual
decisions and the judicial bypass in this amendment for such teens is a
farce.
I urge my colleagues to vote in favor of the Castle substitute. It is
a reasonable proposal.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentlewoman from New York is recognized for 3
minutes.
Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Chairman, the Istook amendment is a direct attack on
the title X program. Parental consent and notification laws just do not
stop teens from having sex. In fact, the Istook amendment will increase
teen pregnancies, increase abortions, increase sexually transmitted
diseases. That is why it is opposed by the doctors, the AMA, who treat
and care for our teens.
Mr. Chairman, I urge my colleagues to vote for the Castle substitute.
Under the Castle substitute, no funds can go to title X clinics unless
they encourage families to participate in the decision of minors to
seek contraceptive services.
The Castle substitute will help ensure that teens receive effective
counseling, to behave responsibly, and avoid illegal and coercive
sexual activities with adults.
Title X clinics do not encourage teens to have sex. Eighty percent of
the teens who seek title X services are already sexually active when
they walk into the clinic door. Title X clinics simply help teens who
are already sexually active from getting pregnant or catching a
sexually transmitted disease.
Mr. Chairman, our friends argue that the title X clinics come between
the parent and the child and that they encourage deceit and deception.
That is nonsense. Problems begin at home, not at the title X clinics.
If there are problems, let us not scapegoat title X; let us work with
our families, let us work with our communities. Our families and our
communities must do more.
Mr. Chairman, supporters of the Istook amendment want to legislate an
``Ozzie and Harriet'' world, where every family is a loving one and
every parent is willing and able to speak with their teenage children.
Unfortunately, too many of our teens come from broken homes where their
parents neglect them, and that is the problem here, not the title X
program.
As a mother, as a grandmother, I do believe that teens should remain
abstinent, but I know that we cannot legislate abstinence from the
floor. I believe teens should act responsibly, but I know that Congress
cannot mandate responsibility.
For those teens who are desperately seeking help, who are struggling
to remain responsible and take control of their lives in terribly
difficult circumstances, I urge Members to vote against the Istook
amendment and for the Castle substitute.
Mr. Chairman, these are very, very difficult decisions. As we
struggle with them, we all try to do the right thing. We know that we
have problems in this country because of the breakdown of families.
Many of us are worried when we look at the charts and we see teenage
pregnancy rising every year. That is why the gentleman from Delaware
[Mr. Castle] and I are working with a national campaign to fight
teenage pregnancy. We encourage Members to join us.
But mandating responsibility, telling the clinics that they cannot
help those children who desperately need help, just does not make any
sense. Our families need help. Our churches have to do more. Let us
support the Castle-Porter substitute.
Mr. NADLER. Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposition to this
amendment. How dare the opponents of choice force the most abhorrent
restrictions on a woman's constitutionally protected right to choose
into an appropriations bill and expect us to accept it?
This bill provides funding for breast cancer and AIDS research, Head
Start, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and student loans--all
programs that benefit millions of Americans every day. Without
pernicious amendments stripping the rights of millions of Americans,
this bill would pass in a strong bipartisan manner. And yet, now we see
the opponents of choice hold all these programs hostage to promote
their extreme anti-choice views. This is an outrage. It is
inappropriate, unwarranted, and unacceptable.
The Istook amendment would essentially destroy the title X program
which provides funding for those who seek health assistance, birth
control, and help in fighting sexually transmitted diseases. Right now,
reports indicate title X helps prevent 386,000 unintended pregnancies
to teenagers annually. And yet, studies show that 80 percent of teens
who don't already consult their parents would not seek care if they
were required to. These restrictions, therefore, will deter young
people from seeking any assistance at all, and, as a result, their
diseases will go untreated, unwanted pregnancies and abortions will
increase, and sexually transmitted diseases will spread unchecked. How
can we possibly endorse risking the lives of these young men and women
by forcing such onerous restrictions on their access to these programs?
How dare you put their lives in jeopardy? We must not scare more teens
away from responsible planning by eliminating the vital confidential
component of these services.
Let me say further, that I am appalled that some Members of this body
are using the unfortunate story of the 13-year-old girl in Illinois, to
urge support for this provision by stating that our Government is
funding sexual predators. That is a disgusting misrepresentation of a
tragic story. In these materials, circulated to Members of Congress, a
sad tale of sexual abuse of a young woman is recounted. The young woman
obtained birth control to protect herself from pregnancy caused by
repeated statutory rape committed against her by a 37-year-old man. The
group, in a bizarre and disgusting twist of logic, claims that we are
supporting sexual predators by making title X funds available. Sick men
who take advantage of young girls are criminals, and our laws are
designed to punish them, not support them. It is absurd to say that
title X caused this young girl to be abused. Anyone making that
argument should be ashamed. Furthermore, as the bill stands, it already
includes language to help prevent sexual coercion, so this Istook
amendment is unnecessary in that regard.
This legislation is one in a series of battles we have fought this
year. These votes are not about particular Government programs or
particular procedures, they are about the fundamental right to choose.
I don't believe we need to vote on this issue at all--the Supreme Court
has already spoken. Obviously, there are those in this body who feel
differently. Still, a vote on whether or not to eliminate the right to
choose ought to be a separate vote. No ban on abortion should proceed
until there is a constitutional amendment to restrict the right to
choose, which will never happen. But folks, by voting for this
amendment we are undermining the Supreme Court, the President of the
United States, and the American people by allowing vague language
hidden in an appropriations bill to greatly restrict the right to
choose. We cannot allow this abuse of the process, which is being
manipulated in such a way to promote an extreme and unpopular postion--
repealing the right to choose.
I urge my colleagues to denounce these amendments so that we can have
a clean appropriations bill that funds desperately needed programs.
Reject the Istook amendment.
Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Chairman. I rise in support of the Castle substitute,
which encourages teens to talk with their parents about sex, health,
and contraception while safeguarding their access to family planning
services at title X clinics.
Today, 82 percent of teen pregnancies are unintended, and over half
of these pregnancies will end in abortion.
Each year, the family planning services provided by title X clinics
prevent 386,000 unintended teen pregnancies, avoiding 155,000 births
and 183,000 abortions.
Despite this progress, opponents of title X funding continue their
attempts to dismantle the title X program, this time under the guise of
protecting vulnerable teenagers.
The Istook amendment will not protect teenagers from sexual abuse.
But it will ensure that more of the Nation's most vulnerable teens
won't use birth control, more will get pregnant, and more will have
abortions.
The Istook amendment places teens' health at risk. Teens who are
prevented from seeking
[[Page H7079]]
family planning services at these clinics will no longer benefit from
the other services these clinics provide, including screening and
treatment for sexually transmitted diseases and HIV, routine
gynecological exams, and breast and cervical cancer screening.
The castle substitute protects America's youth. It encourages family
participation in the decision of minors to seek family planning
services. It requires title X programs to encourage parental
involvement when teens seek family planning services. And it requires
these programs to counsel minors on how to resist and avoid coercive
sexual relationships.
Mr. Speaker, assuring teens access to confidential family planning
services reduces teen pregnancies, reduces abortions, and protects
vulnerable teens. I urge my colleagues to support the castle
substitute.
Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in opposition to
the Istook amendment and for the Castle substitute. What we have is
another attempt to do away with the title X program, which provides
funding for family planning services. Services provided under title X
reach out to many of America's teenagers who are already at risk in
their everyday lives.
Family planning services are one way that these teenagers can receive
guidance and education about issues confronting them about sex,
reproductive health, contraception, and prevention of disease. By
requiring teens to obtain parental consent in order to receive family
planning services, and by mandating clinics to notify parents that
their children are seeking such services, the Istook amendment will
have the effect of decimating the entire family planning system in our
country.
The teens we need to be most concerned about--the teens we are trying
to prevent from having unwanted pregnancies or contracting a sexually
transmitted disease--would become even more endangered if this parental
mandate were to take effect.
Perhaps many people are forgetting what it means to be an at-risk
teen. At-risk teens are not the children of many of us in this room
today. At-risk teens are not the children of parents they can talk to
freely about many important issues and values that are affecting their
everyday lives. At-risk teens are more often trying to escape sexual or
physical abuses within their own homes--even from their own parents.
I encourage every teenager to talk with their parents about these
very important issues and parents to talk responsibly with their
children. That is why I am in support of a substitute amendment offered
by my colleague, Mr. Castle.
Mr. Castle substitute will require that title X programs encourage
the involvement of parents when teens seek family planning services.
Encouraging parental involvement is important, and in and ideal world,
all teens would have parents they could feel comfortable talking to and
be able to sort out what kind of activity is appropriate. But in the
real world, we can not take away an opportunity for at-risk teens to
receive essential services, by forcing a mandate upon them that will
not work in the real world.
I urge my colleagues to vote against the Istook amendment and support
the Castle amendment.
The CHAIRMAN. All time on this amendment has expired.
The question is on the amendment offered by the gentleman from
Delaware [Mr. Castle] as a substitute for the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook].
Parliamentary Inquiry
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. MANZULLO. Mr. Chairman, does that mean that those Members who
favor the Castle substitute amendment would vote ``yes'' on the first
vote, and those who favor the Istook-Manzullo amendment would vote
``no'' on the first vote?
The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will merely state the question. The question
is on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Delaware [Mr. Castle]
as a substitute for the amendment offered by the gentleman from
Oklahoma [Mr. Istook].
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
recorded vote
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to clause 2(c) of rule XXIII, the Chair
announces that he may reduce to not less than 5 minutes the period of
time within which an electronic vote, if ordered, may be taken on the
Istook amendment.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 220,
noes 201, not voting 12, as follows:
[Roll No. 378]
AYES--220
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baesler
Baldacci
Barrett (WI)
Bass
Becerra
Bentsen
Berman
Berry
Bilbray
Bishop
Blagojevich
Blumenauer
Boehlert
Bonior
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brown (CA)
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Buyer
Campbell
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Condit
Conyers
Coyne
Cramer
Cummings
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Deutsch
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Edwards
Ehrlich
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Foglietta
Foley
Ford
Fowler
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frost
Furse
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gilman
Gordon
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Hamilton
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hefner
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Hooley
Horn
Houghton
Hoyer
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E.B.
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kilpatrick
Kind (WI)
Kleczka
Klink
Klug
Kolbe
Kucinich
Lampson
Lantos
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lofgren
Lowey
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Moran (VA)
Morella
Neal
Ney
Obey
Olver
Owens
Oxley
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Pickett
Pomeroy
Porter
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Ramstad
Rangel
Regula
Reyes
Riggs
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Rush
Sabo
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sawyer
Schumer
Scott
Shays
Sherman
Shuster
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Slaughter
Smith, Adam
Snyder
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stokes
Strickland
Stupak
Tanner
Tauscher
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Thurman
Tierney
Torres
Turner
Upton
Vento
Waters
Watt (NC)
Waxman
Wexler
Weygand
Wise
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
NOES--201
Aderholt
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Baker
Ballenger
Barcia
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Bartlett
Barton
Bateman
Bereuter
Bilirakis
Bliley
Blunt
Boehner
Bonilla
Bono
Brady
Bryant
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Callahan
Calvert
Camp
Canady
Cannon
Chabot
Chambliss
Chenoweth
Christensen
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Cook
Costello
Cox
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cunningham
Deal
DeLay
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Doolittle
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Ehlers
Emerson
English
Ensign
Everett
Ewing
Forbes
Fox
Gallegly
Gillmor
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Goss
Graham
Granger
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hansen
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Herger
Hill
Hilleary
Hoekstra
Holden
Hostettler
Hulshof
Hunter
Hutchinson
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jenkins
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kasich
Kildee
Kim
King (NY)
Kingston
Knollenberg
LaFalce
LaHood
Largent
Latham
Lewis (KY)
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lucas
Manzullo
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McHugh
McInnis
McIntosh
McIntyre
McKeon
Metcalf
Mica
Mollohan
Moran (KS)
Murtha
Myrick
Nethercutt
Neumann
Northup
Norwood
Nussle
Oberstar
Ortiz
Packard
Pappas
Parker
Paul
Paxon
Pease
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Pombo
Portman
Poshard
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Redmond
Riley
Rogan
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Royce
Ryun
Salmon
Sanford
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer, Dan
Schaffer, Bob
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shaw
Shimkus
Skelton
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Linda
Snowbarger
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Stearns
Stenholm
Stump
Sununu
Talent
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thune
Tiahrt
Traficant
Visclosky
Walsh
Wamp
Watkins
Watts (OK)
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
[[Page H7080]]
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wolf
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--12
Carson
Cooksey
Dellums
Flake
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Lewis (GA)
Nadler
Schiff
Serrano
Towns
Velazquez
{time} 2045
Messrs. ARMEY, COX of California, WICKER, PICKERING, LaFALCE and SHAW
changed their vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. CUMMINGS and Mr. THOMAS changed their vote from ``no'' to
``aye.''
So the amendment offered as a substitute for the amendment was agreed
to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered by the
gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. Istook], as amended.
The question was taken; and the Chairman announced that the noes
appeared to have it.
recorded vote
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I demand a recorded vote.
A recorded vote was ordered.
Parliamentary Inquiries
Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. SOUDER. My parliamentary inquiry is that since the second-degree
amendment passed, is it true that no longer does the Istook-Manzullo
amendment include a parental notification?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman does not state a parliamentary inquiry.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I have a parliamentary inquiry.
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, is it not true that the Castle amendment
having now been passed, we are voting in essence to adopt the
underlying amendment as amended by the Castle amendment?
The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman is correct.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--ayes 254,
noes 169, not voting 10, as follows:
[Roll No. 379]
AYES--254
Abercrombie
Ackerman
Allen
Andrews
Baesler
Baldacci
Ballenger
Barrett (WI)
Barton
Bass
Becerra
Bentsen
Berman
Berry
Bishop
Blagojevich
Bliley
Blumenauer
Blunt
Boehlert
Bonior
Borski
Boswell
Boucher
Boyd
Brown (CA)
Brown (FL)
Brown (OH)
Burr
Buyer
Campbell
Capps
Cardin
Castle
Chambliss
Clay
Clayton
Clement
Clyburn
Condit
Conyers
Coyne
Cramer
Cummings
Danner
Davis (FL)
Davis (IL)
Davis (VA)
Deal
DeFazio
DeGette
Delahunt
DeLauro
Deutsch
Dicks
Dingell
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Dreier
Dunn
Edwards
Ehrlich
Engel
Eshoo
Etheridge
Evans
Farr
Fattah
Fawell
Fazio
Filner
Foglietta
Foley
Ford
Fowler
Fox
Frank (MA)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frost
Furse
Gallegly
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Gibbons
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Gordon
Granger
Green
Greenwood
Gutierrez
Hamilton
Harman
Hastings (FL)
Hefner
Hinchey
Hinojosa
Hobson
Holden
Hooley
Horn
Houghton
Hoyer
Hulshof
Hutchinson
Jackson (IL)
Jackson-Lee (TX)
Jefferson
John
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (WI)
Johnson, E. B.
Kanjorski
Kaptur
Kasich
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennedy (RI)
Kennelly
Kilpatrick
Kim
Kind (WI)
Kingston
Kleczka
Klink
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
Kucinich
Lampson
Lantos
LaTourette
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (GA)
Linder
Lofgren
Lowey
Luther
Maloney (CT)
Maloney (NY)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy (MO)
McCarthy (NY)
McCrery
McDade
McDermott
McGovern
McHale
McIntyre
McKinney
McNulty
Meehan
Meek
Menendez
Millender-McDonald
Miller (CA)
Miller (FL)
Minge
Mink
Moakley
Moran (KS)
Moran (VA)
Morella
Murtha
Neal
Nethercutt
Ney
Oberstar
Obey
Olver
Owens
Oxley
Pallone
Pascrell
Pastor
Payne
Pelosi
Pickett
Pomeroy
Porter
Price (NC)
Pryce (OH)
Ramstad
Rangel
Regula
Reyes
Riggs
Rivers
Rodriguez
Roemer
Rothman
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Rush
Sabo
Sanchez
Sanders
Sandlin
Sawyer
Schumer
Scott
Shaw
Shays
Sherman
Sisisky
Skaggs
Skeen
Slaughter
Smith, Adam
Snyder
Spratt
Stabenow
Stark
Stokes
Strickland
Stupak
Sununu
Tanner
Tauscher
Tauzin
Thomas
Thompson
Thornberry
Thurman
Tierney
Torres
Traficant
Turner
Upton
Vento
Visclosky
Waters
Watt (NC)
Waxman
Weldon (PA)
Weller
Wexler
Weygand
Wise
Woolsey
Wynn
Yates
NOES--169
Aderholt
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Baker
Barcia
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Bartlett
Bateman
Bereuter
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Boehner
Bonilla
Bono
Brady
Bryant
Bunning
Burton
Callahan
Calvert
Camp
Canady
Cannon
Chabot
Chenoweth
Christensen
Coble
Coburn
Collins
Combest
Cook
Cooksey
Costello
Cox
Crane
Crapo
Cubin
Cunningham
DeLay
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Doolittle
Doyle
Duncan
Ehlers
Emerson
English
Ensign
Everett
Ewing
Forbes
Goode
Goodlatte
Goodling
Goss
Graham
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hansen
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayworth
Hefley
Herger
Hill
Hilleary
Hoekstra
Hostettler
Hunter
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jenkins
Johnson, Sam
Jones
Kildee
King (NY)
LaFalce
LaHood
Largent
Latham
Lewis (KY)
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lucas
Manzullo
McCollum
McHugh
McInnis
McIntosh
McKeon
Metcalf
Mica
Mollohan
Myrick
Neumann
Northup
Norwood
Nussle
Ortiz
Packard
Pappas
Parker
Paul
Paxon
Pease
Peterson (MN)
Peterson (PA)
Petri
Pickering
Pitts
Pombo
Portman
Poshard
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Redmond
Riley
Rogan
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Royce
Ryun
Salmon
Sanford
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer, Dan
Schaffer, Bob
Sensenbrenner
Sessions
Shadegg
Shimkus
Shuster
Skelton
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (OR)
Smith (TX)
Smith, Linda
Snowbarger
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Stearns
Stenholm
Stump
Talent
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Thune
Tiahrt
Walsh
Wamp
Watkins
Watts (OK)
Weldon (FL)
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wolf
Young (AK)
Young (FL)
NOT VOTING--10
Carson
Dellums
Flake
Gonzalez
Hilliard
Nadler
Schiff
Serrano
Towns
Velazquez
{time} 2057
Messrs. ISTOOK, COOK, LIVINGSTON, and COX of California changed their
vote from ``aye'' to ``no.''
Mr. VISCLOCKY and Mr. BERRY changed their vote from ``no'' to
``aye.''
So the amendment, as amended, was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
{time} 2100
Amendment Offered by Mr. Filner
Mr. FILNER. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amendment.
The Clerk read as follows:
Amendment offered by Mr. Filner:
At the end of title II, insert after the last section
(preceding the short title) the following section:
Sec. 213. Of the amounts made available in this title for
the account ``Office of the Secretary--general departmental
management'', $12,800,000 is transferred and made available
under section 30403 of Public Law 103-322 for the Community
Schools Youth Services and Supervision Grant Program Act of
1994.
Mr. FILNER. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to offer an amendment called
the community schools preservation amendment. It is an amendment
designed to stop crime before it happens.
The appropriations bill we are considering terminates funding for the
Community Schools Youth Services and Supervision Program. Currently,
that program funds 54 community schools and projects all around the
Nation. My amendment would restore full funding to this valuable
program.
Mr. Chairman, according to the Administration on Children and
Families, because of their unique structure, the community schools
projects around this Nation will not receive funding without a direct
appropriation and they will close, community schools across the Nation
will close.
Section 30403(a) of the 1994 Violent Crime Control and Law
Enforcement Act authorized modest funding for these projects which are
finding innovative solutions to the problems of
[[Page H7081]]
drug abuse, crime, and violence in our communities by working
collaboratively with citizens, schools, and law enforcement.
Mr. Chairman, as my colleagues know, funding for this amendment must
be offset by reduced spending in other areas. Reluctantly, I have
chosen to try to transfer $12.8 million from the administration of this
department. I hope that is clear. I have a different amendment than
what was earlier published. This transfers money from the
administration account and not from the community schools block grant.
Again, I am transferring money for this program from the administration
account and not from the community schools block grant.
In San Diego, which I represent, the Mano a Mano program has been
successfully addressing problems in Barrio Logan in San Diego. Children
participating in services provided by Mano a Mano have higher school
attendance rates, higher grades, and better classroom behavior.
Conflict resolution and management skills provided have resulted in
less suspensions from school and fewer visits to school administrators,
stopping the behavior that leads to juvenile crime before it happens.
Additionally, the Federal funds provided to this project have allowed
them to develop partnerships with other crime prevention organizations
in the area. This project is so important that the city attorney of San
Diego and other local officials have contacted me expressing the
serious need for this community schools project.
I encourage my colleagues to support this amendment. It provides
funding for local projects that are finding local solutions to problems
of drugs, crime, and violence in our young people.
We are bringing, Mr. Chairman, long-term crime rates down, and we
will keep them down with these local projects. It is imperative that we
see our at-risk communities as a national priority. I hope my
colleagues with join with me to save these truly community schools.
Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, before the House recessed in July, we had a rather
contentious deliberation over how to deal with updating our juvenile
justice laws. One of the things that we all said, that we all agreed
on, was the need to prevent crime among young children. That is what we
are talking about in the funding of the community schools issue.
What is it? It is small funding for each school that really allows a
community to invest in very poor children who need a future. We know
that most juvenile crime occurs between the hours of 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.,
when parents are still at work and after children have been dismissed
from school.
Mr. Chairman, last Congress this project was, once again, at risk and
utilizing a bipartisan group of Members on both sides of the aisle. We
moved together to salvage this program.
Let me tell my colleagues, because it is very typical of these
projects throughout the United States, about the community school
program in San Jose, CA.
When I went to this school, the after-school program is run primarily
by Catholic charities in collaboration with the school district, the
district attorney. I went to this meeting at 7:30 in the evening. There
were the parents in their rough work clothes. They had just come back
from work. There were tears in their eyes because their hope for their
children was that their children would become good students.
This is a program that is oriented toward academic excellence, toward
tutoring children so that they can achieve in math and in reading, to
giving them hope for a future and giving peace of mind to hard-working
parents who do not want their children out on the streets while they
are still at work.
I will say that in the case of the Catholic charities project in my
district, there is a 5-year plan for each child that the parents buy
into, that the teachers buy into, so that at the end of 5 years not
only will the child be law abiding but the child's academic achievement
is intended to increase beyond grade level.
We are now in our third year. I am pleased to announce that our
progress is good. Not only are children not getting into trouble, not
only are children not being victimized in tough neighborhoods, not only
are parents being relieved of their worry that their children may be
victimized while they are waiting before they get home from work, but
academic achievement is on the rise.
Lots of times Members may look at a line item in the budget and say,
I do not know what that is; maybe it is disposable. But I am here to
tell Members of the House, and there are certainly Members on both
sides of the aisle who know it firsthand, that this is seed money that
allows communities to invest in young people and their academic
excellence. It is a prevention effort that works. I heartily recommend
and endorse the gentleman's amendment and urge its passage.
I would like to reemphasize that the concern expressed by some
Members that I understand and empathize, about the source of funding,
has been altered. Legislating is about listening, learning, and
improving. We did that. We learned that the source of funding was
defective. The gentleman from California [Mr. Filner], to his credit,
has changed it. I believe that the Members who expressed concern have
withdrawn their opposition to the amendment.
I would urge adoption of the amendment.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
I will be very brief, Mr. Chairman. I want to explain what the
committee did. This program we eliminated in fiscal year 1996 in the
House bill, the Senate put it back in in conference.
We eliminated this program in the fiscal 1997 bill, and the Senate
put it back in in conference. We eliminated this program in this bill,
one of 25 programs this year that we have eliminated, and I think for a
very good reason.
We have a program called After School Learning Centers that is funded
at $50 million, far in excess of the amount of money here. This is a
program that was recommended by the President in his balanced budget
agreement. We have $556 million available through safe and drug-free
schools that can be used for exactly the same purposes as the money in
this program. There is even an argument, we can use community service
block grant money for this purpose.
We felt under the circumstances that the program is redundant and
unnecessary. We put the money that otherwise might have gone in it into
battered women's shelters instead. This used up our crime trust fund
allocation. I think it is a much better use of the money. There is
money for exactly this purpose in a number of programs. The program
simply is not needed.
Ms. STABENOW. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, I certainly want to commend the leadership on both
sides of the aisle who have put this bill together. I know there are
difficult decisions to be made. But I also know that today we have been
talking a lot about family, about encouraging parents and children to
come together and communicate and to work together and that we all
know, as the old adage goes, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of
cure.
What we have in this amendment is an ounce of prevention. It is well
worth the dollars that were just committed, as the gentleman preceding
me, the leader spoke about the other dollars in the budget which are
important. These community school grants are equally important because
of what they allow communities to do.
In the case of my community in Lansing, it is the schools and the
city working together to form something called the focus center, a
place where young people can come, where there is tutoring, learning of
life skills and communications. They are able to spend time together.
These are young people who have not been encouraged to go to school,
who are now going to school and grades are coming up. We talk about the
need for education. This particular program has encouraged young people
both to go to school; attendance is up. Grades are up. Parents are now
involved themselves in parenting classes, getting their GED. This is
the kind of program done through the community schools grant which
makes a difference for a very small investment.
We have in our community young people participating in urban 4-H,
learning leadership skills, going to the
[[Page H7082]]
county fair, exhibiting and having an opportunity to work together on
projects and learn specific skills.
{time} 2115
I had the opportunity to see their projects at the fair and to watch
their excitement, and it was terrific to see.
The people who have put together this program in Lansing have done a
marvelous job. The Lansing chief of police says that this program
should be continued because of the positive effect on our neighborhoods
as evidenced by a reduction in crime. Through the Community Schools
Program parents are involved in the neighborhoods, children are
involved, they are making choices not to get involved in sex and drugs
and gangs but to go to school and to be a part of something that is
positive. This is a very small investment to make for very, very large
returns.
There is a young man who wrote to me, among many young people who
wrote to me about this project, Bradley Wicks, who is a 17-year-old
participant in our project. He said, ``If it were not for this focus
center, we as kids would have nothing to do and would turn to gangs and
drugs. I was one of the lucky ones who found help here at the center
and got the help I needed to change my life. I am not sure where I
would be otherwise.''
If, for a small investment, with all that we do, with all that the
States are required to do in terms of the correctional system, all of
the prisons that are built, and frankly, in my own State we have
tripled the number of prison beds in the last 10 years and I do not
feel three times safer, with all of that going on, this small ounce of
prevention is well worth it. It is an investment in families and
children and neighborhoods.
I would urge my colleagues, in this amendment, in the conference
committee, in working together on the final budget, to make this small
investment in Community School programs that work, that support
families and children and neighborhoods and get the kind of results for
our communities that we say we all want.
Mr. McINTYRE. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. Chairman, the Community Schools Preservation Amendment serves a
critical purpose. It restores much-needed funds to an education grant
program that really works. When we talk about failed programs, when we
talk about concern for children and families, when we have something
that works, we ought to proceed with it and stand by it.
As the old adage goes, if it is not broken, we should not try to fix
it. This is a program that has been entirely successful. In
southeastern North Carolina, in the Seventh District that I represent,
we are home to one of these fine programs. The Communities in Schools
Program of Robeson County is a shining example of how educators, local
community leaders, law enforcement officers, and students work
together. This program works day in and day out. It is an opportunity
where we can coordinate the delivery of existing health, social,
education, and support services for troubled youth and their families.
They are doing work that could not be done by existing agencies in
Robeson County.
I have seen firsthand this program work in North Carolina. It keeps
children in school, it works with families to make sure children have a
healthy home, and in the end, helps make our Nation a better place to
live as we do what we all want to do, and that is to strengthen our
families.
Mr. Chairman, the Community in Schools Program staff has worked to
earn the trust of their community and of their schools. They are able
to point to past successes and to future efforts that are already in
the works so that this program can continue. This program is an
excellent way that we can steer children away from a life of crime.
In a recent survey, police chiefs around our Nation indicated that
investments like the Community Schools Program was one of the best ways
to resist crime and to help youth avoid risky behavior. Other studies
have shown that these programs can reduce juvenile delinquency by as
much as 80 percent. Please name another program that can do that to
reduce juvenile delinquency by 80 percent.
Do we want to be responsible for eliminating a successful program
such as this? We should not. We should not turn our backs on programs
that are already helping our families, already helping our youth,
already helping our teenagers, and guiding them in the direction that
we all desire that they will be able to move forward in for a positive
family environment, a positive environment in our schools and a
positive environment for safe neighborhoods and safe schools.
The Community Schools Preservation Amendment is a program that works.
Indeed, it is a small investment that gives a mighty big return.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of
words.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me.
I have just been informed by the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Souder]
that he will not be offering his amendment tonight and that, therefore,
we believe there will be no further recorded votes, according to my
understanding, will not be.
Mr. OBEY. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I am delighted to hear
what the chairman has indicated. Let me simply say with respect to the
amendment before us that I recognize what the gentleman from Illinois
has said with respect to other portions of the bill that fund similar
programs, but I would simply ask Members to realize one thing: All of
the studies show that by far the most youth crime is committed between
the hours of 3 and 6 in the afternoon. That is why I think that the
intent of the Filner amendment is good and I support what the gentleman
is trying to do.
I would urge, however, that the gentleman consider withdrawing the
amendment, because I think that would give us a greater opportunity to
work with the Senate conferees to try to achieve some restoration of
funding for this program, which I believe would complement some of the
other programs that are aimed at taking teenagers off the street.
Mr. FILNER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. OBEY. I yield to the gentleman from California.
Mr. FILNER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me.
It sounds, from the earlier statements, in the last few years that
the Senate, or the other body, has been a little bit more prescient
than us in this program. So I appreciate the gentleman's statement of
trying to win their support again.
I thank the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. McIntyre], the
gentlewoman from California [Ms. Lofgren], the gentlewoman from
Michigan [Ms. Stabenow], for their support, and the dozens of other
Members, the gentleman from New York Mr. Lazio and [Mr. Weldon] on the
other side, who have expressed support.
But, Mr. Chairman, based on the ranking member's statement, I ask
unanimous consent to withdraw the amendment at this time.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
California?
There was no objection.
Mr. CAMP. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last word.
Mr. Chairman, I want to enter into a colloquy with the gentleman from
Illinois [Mr. Porter], the chairman of the Labor, Health and Human
Services Subcommittee.
As the chairman may know, more than 3,000 people die each year
waiting for an organ donation that never comes. That equals one death
every 3 hours, eight people every day. Every 18 minutes another name is
added to the list of 50,000 people awaiting transplants.
Last year, then Representative Durbin and I cosponsored the Organ
Donor Insert Card Act, which put an organ donor signup card in the tax
return checks of nearly 70 million households. It is my hope that this
effort will result in more organs available for transplant.
As my colleagues may know, this year the Senate has added a provision
under the leadership of now Senator Durbin and Senator Frist in its
version of the Labor, Health and Human Services appropriations bill,
which
[[Page H7083]]
calls upon the Department of Health and Human Services, in coordination
with the General Accounting Office, to survey 5 percent of the
hospitals participating in the Medicare and Medicaid Programs in order
to ascertain how their organ donation programs are working.
I would ask the chairman to work with the chairman of the Committee
on Commerce and the ranking member of the Committee on Commerce, as
well as our colleagues, to address this issue when we go to conference
with the Senate.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. CAMP. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me.
I would say to my friend from Michigan that obviously the Senate does
not have rules such as we have in the House, and they may add
legislative provisions even to an appropriations bill. This is an
authorizing provision on the appropriations bill. I would certainly not
take any position in regard to it in conference without the assent of
the authorizing committee.
It sounds, from what the gentleman has described, like a very good
program, but I would have to take my guidance from the authorizing side
in regard to it in conference.
Mr. CAMP. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I appreciate the
chairman's remarks.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the last
word.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to engage the chairman of the Labor-HHS
Subcommittee in a colloquy concerning rural health care.
I would say to the gentleman from Illinois I intended to offer an
amendment today that would provide a $2.3 million increase to the Rural
Outreach Grant Program. An increase of nearly $2.3 million would bring
the Rural Outreach Grant Program in line with the Senate bill. The
grant program was level-funded in the House.
Mr. Chairman, I come from a large rural district in central northwest
Pennsylvania. Federal dollars for rural health care have been and
continue to be increasingly difficult to come by. The Federal Rural
Outreach Grant Program promotes innovation in the delivery of health
care to rural areas by encouraging collaborative efforts among health
care entities and the communities in which they are located.
Mr. Chairman, I will not offer my amendment. However, I would like to
ask the chairman that as he works with the Senate during conference on
the Labor-HHS appropriations bill, he will make a commitment to rural
health care by working toward the Senate number for the Rural Outreach
Grant Program.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me
and for his statement.
I have to say that I have become aware recently of the importance of
innovations that affect rural health care, like telemedicine and access
to the National Library of Medicine's data bank. And I appreciate the
gentleman's decision not to pursue the amendment on the floor today,
and I commit to him that I will make every effort in conference to
increase the funding for the Rural Outreach Grant Program.
Mr. PETERSON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, reclaiming my time, I
want to thank the chairman for his support of this program, and I
appreciate his willingness to work with me on the issue of rural health
care.
The CHAIRMAN. If there are no other amendments to the pending portion
of the bill, the Clerk will read.
The Clerk read as follows:
TITLE III--DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
education reform
For carrying out activities authorized by titles III and IV
of the Goals 2000: Educate America Act, the School-to-Work
Opportunities Act, and section 3132 of the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965, $1,135,000,000, of which
$458,500,000 for the Goals 2000: Educate America Act and
$200,000,000 for the School-to-Work Opportunities Act shall
become available on July 1, 1998, and remain available
through September 30, 1999: Provided, That none of the funds
appropriated under this heading shall be obligated or
expended to carry out section 304(a)(2)(A) of the Goals 2000:
Educate America Act, except that no more than $1,500,000 may
be used to carry out activities under section 314(a)(2) of
that Act: Provided further, That section 315(a)(2) of the
Goals 2000 Act shall not apply: Provided further, That up to
one-half of one percent of the amount available under section
3132 shall be set aside for the outlying areas, to be
distributed on the basis of their relative need as determined
by the Secretary in accordance with the purposes of the
program: Provided further, That if any State educational
agency does not apply for a grant under section 3132, that
State's allotment under section 3131 shall be reserved by the
Secretary for grants to local educational agencies in that
State that apply directly to the Secretary according to the
terms and conditions published by the Secretary in the
Federal Register.
Mr. EWING. Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong support of H.R. 2264
and I would like to commend Chairman Porter for his hard work and
diligence in crafting this appropriations bill. Included in this
legislation is language which will waive an ineffective and burdensome
regulation now mandated by the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended
by the Higher Education Amendments of 1992. This act blindly requires
all lenders who participate in the Federal Family Education Loan
Program to perform expensive, comprehensive annual audits on their
student loan portfolios. Similar corrective language was included in
the continuing resolution adopted for fiscal year 1997, and thus
expires on September 30 of this year.
I represent small banks and credit unions which maintain and service
small student loan portfolios in compliance with the Federal Family
Education Loan Program. The profit on these portfolios is estimated to
around 3 to 5 thousand dollars annually, while the audit required by
the Department of Education costs anywhere from 2 to 14 thousand
dollars annually. As you can see it does not make sense for small
lenders to service these loans and participate in the FFEL program. In
fact, many small lenders are selling their portfolios and leaving the
student loan business altogether. This is not fair to student borrowers
in rural areas who are increasingly unable to utilize lending
institutions that they are familiar with. This is also not fair to
smaller lenders who wish to service and maintain student loans. If this
policy is enforced, small lenders will be effectively cut out of the
student loan business and consumers will be denied the opportunity to
do business at their local bank.
I contacted the Department of Education about the possibility of a
waiver or alternative to this detrimental mandate. The Department
stated, ``. . . lender audits are required by statute . . .'' and that
the ``. . . statute does not provide authority for the Department to
waive the annual audit based on the size of the lender's FFEL portfolio
or the cost of the audit.'' Furthermore, according to the Department of
Education's Office of the Inspector General, lender portfolios totaling
less than 10 million dollars do not even have to send their audit to
the Department for review. They are only required to ``. . . hold the
reports for a period of three years and shall submit them only if
requested.'' That means lenders waste thousands of dollars on a
compliance audit that is never sent anywhere or reviewed by anyone. I
have no doubt that protecting the integrity of the student loan program
is important to all of us. However, this current situation does not
protect any portfolios under 10 million dollars because no one review
the results of the audits.
The Office of the Inspector General at the Department of Education
has also expressed concern regarding this burden in their Semiannual
Report--October 93 to March 94--stating, ``. . . we are concerned that
the cost may outweigh the benefits of legislatively required annual
audits of all participants, regardless of the size of participation or
the risk they represent to the program.'' In this report the inspector
general recommends that a threshold be established for requiring an
institutional audit, ``. . . and we continue to believe that a
threshold is necessary for both the institutional and lender audits.
Such a threshold would eliminate the audit burden for the smaller
participants in the program while helping assure that scarce
departmental resources are focused on the areas of greatest risk.''
This provision works in concert with the Department of Education and
the authorizing committee which have expressed the need for an audit
threshold. This language will help the little guy in the student loan
business and ensure consumer choice and convenience. It is my hope that
the Congress will be able to enact a permanent solution to this
problem. I urge my colleagues to vote for H.R. 2264.
Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon. Mr. Chairman, I rise today to express my
concern with a provision in this legislation. I applaud my colleagues
for their hard work in reaching this year's unprecedented budget
agreement that successfully expanded the Pell Grant Program and
provided new tax incentives for education. I also wish to thank the
chairman and the ranking member for their hard work in bringing this
legislation to the floor for consideration.
[[Page H7084]]
However, I am especially concerned that this legislation completely
eliminates one of the most successful higher education financial aid
programs in history. The State Student Incentive Grant Program, or
SSIG, has succeeded in encouraging the development of need-based
financial aid programs in all 50 States. It has not only provided the
seed money that was intended at its inception 25 years ago, but has
also helped maintain State commitments to need-based financial aid in
subsequent years.
This is a program that gives the neediest students opportunities to
attend higher education institutions, through grants and work-study
jobs. Yes, the Pell Grant Program is making a college education
accessible for many low-income students, but SSIG helps States retain
those students who absolutely could not afford college without the
supplemental funds that pay the financial shortfall that Pell and other
financial aid programs cannot support.
It now serves over 700,000 students at 2- and 4-year colleges and
universities nationwide, and it does so by leveraging over 780 million
dollars in State matching funds. In speaking with students and program
administrators in my State, I have been repeatedly told that the
Federal funds are essential in encouraging policy-makers to maintain
state funding levels. In 13 States, the SSIG funds comprise at least 25
percent of available student grant aid. Additionally, in an independent
survey of State financial aid administrators, 86 percent indicates that
the elimination of the SSIG would result in States reducing the number
and amount of need-based grants. It is evident that an elimination of
this program could have dramatic impacts on students in States across
the Nation.
The SSIG Program was never given a sunset date for a good reason: it
continues to serve as an efficient and economical incentive for States
to help make higher education accessible. As college costs continue to
rise, and as the ratio of grants to loans continues to decline, it is
imperative that we retain incentives for States to continue their
efforts. I am disappointed that this legislation overlooks the
essential benefits of this program. However, I urge my colleagues to
join me in future efforts to restore this valuable program.
Mr. PORTER. Mr. Chairman, I move that the Committee do now rise.
The motion was agreed to.
Accordingly, the Committee rose; and the Speaker pro tempore [Mr.
Camp] having assumed the chair, Mr. Goodlatte, Chairman of the
Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, reported that
that Committee, having had under consideration the bill (H.R. 2264)
making appropriations for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human
Services, and Education, and related agencies for the fiscal year
ending September 30, 1998, and for other purposes, had come to no
resolution thereon.
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