[Congressional Record Volume 143, Number 100 (Tuesday, July 15, 1997)]
[House]
[Pages H5195-H5213]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




     JUVENILE CRIME CONTROL AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT OF 1997

  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass the bill 
(H.R. 1818) to amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
Act of 1974 to authorize appropriations for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 
2000, and 2001, and for other purposes, as amended.
  The Clerk read as follows:

                               H.R. 1818

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Juvenile 
     Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT 
                                OF 1974

Sec. 101. Findings.
Sec. 102. Purpose.
Sec. 103. Definitions.
Sec. 104. Name of office.
Sec. 105. Concentration of Federal effort.
Sec. 106. Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
              Prevention.
Sec. 107. Annual report.
Sec. 108. Allocation.
Sec. 109. State plans.
Sec. 110. Juvenile delinquency prevention block grant program.
Sec. 111. Research; evaluation; technical assistance; training.
Sec. 112. Demonstration projects.
Sec. 113. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 114. Administrative authority.
Sec. 115. Use of funds.
Sec. 116. Limitation on use of funds.
Sec. 117. Rule of construction.
Sec. 118. Leasing surplus Federal property.
Sec. 119. Issuance of Rules.
Sec. 120. Technical and conforming amendments.
Sec. 121. References.

       TITLE II--AMENDMENTS TO THE RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH ACT

Sec. 201. Findings.
Sec. 202. Authority to make grants for centers and services.
Sec. 203. Eligibility.
Sec. 204. Approval of applications.
Sec. 205. Authority for transitional living grant program.
Sec. 206. Eligibility.
Sec. 207. Authority to make grants for research, evaluation, 
              demonstration, and service projects.
Sec. 208. Temporary demonstration projects to provide services to youth 
              in rural areas.
Sec. 209. Sexual abuse prevention program.
Sec. 210. Assistance to potential grantees.
Sec. 211. Reports.
Sec. 212. Evaluation.
Sec. 213. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 214. Consolidated review of applications.
Sec. 215. Definitions.
Sec. 216. Redesignation of sections.
Sec. 217. Technical amendment.

 TITLE III--INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

Sec. 301. Duties and functions of the Administrator.
Sec. 302. Grants for prevention programs.
Sec. 303. Repeal of definition.
Sec. 304. Authorization of appropriations.

                      TITLE IV--GENERAL PROVISIONS

Sec. 401. Effective date; application of amendments.
TITLE I--AMENDMENTS TO JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT 
                                OF 1974

     SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

       Section 101 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601) is amended to read as 
     follows:


                               ``findings

       ``Sec. 101. (a) The Congress finds the following:
       ``(1) There has been a dramatic increase in juvenile 
     delinquency, particularly violent crime committed by 
     juveniles. Weapons offenses and homicides are 2 of the 
     fastest growing crimes committed by juveniles. More than \1/
     2\ of juvenile victims are killed with a firearm. 
     Approximately \1/5\ of the individuals arrested for 
     committing violent crime are less than 18 years of age. The 
     increase in both the number of youth below the age of 15 
     and females arrested for violent crime is cause for 
     concern.
       ``(2) This problem should be addressed through a 2-track 
     common sense approach that addresses the needs of individual 
     juveniles and society at large by promoting--
       ``(A) quality prevention programs that--
       ``(i) work with juveniles, their families, local public 
     agencies, and community-based organizations, and take into 
     consideration such factors as whether or not juveniles have 
     been the victims of family violence (including child abuse 
     and neglect); and
       ``(ii) are designed to reduce risks and develop 
     competencies in at-risk juveniles that will prevent, and 
     reduce the rate of, violent delinquent behavior; and
       ``(B) programs that assist in holding juveniles accountable 
     for their actions, including a system of graduated sanctions 
     to respond to each delinquent act, requiring juveniles to 
     make restitution, or perform community service, for the 
     damage caused by their delinquent acts, and methods for 
     increasing victim satisfaction with respect to the penalties 
     imposed on juveniles for their acts.
       ``(b) Congress must act now to reform this program by 
     focusing on juvenile delinquency prevention programs, as well 
     as programs that hold juveniles accountable for their acts. 
     Without true reform, the criminal justice system will not be 
     able to overcome the challenges it will face in the coming 
     years when the number of juveniles is expected to increase by 
     30 percent.''.

     SEC. 102. PURPOSE.

       Section 102 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5602) is amended to read as 
     follows:


                               ``purposes

       ``Sec. 102. The purposes of this title and title II are--
       ``(1) to support State and local programs that prevent 
     juvenile involvement in delinquent behavior;
       ``(2) to assist State and local governments in promoting 
     public safety by encouraging accountability for acts of 
     juvenile delinquency; and
       ``(3) to assist State and local governments in addressing 
     juvenile crime through the provision of technical assistance, 
     research, training, evaluation, and the dissemination of 
     information on effective programs for combating juvenile 
     delinquency.''.

     SEC. 103. DEFINITIONS.

       Section 103 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5603) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (3) by striking ``to help prevent juvenile 
     delinquency'' and inserting ``designed to reduce known risk 
     factors for juvenile delinquent behavior, provides activities 
     that build on protective factors for, and develop 
     competencies in, juveniles to prevent, and reduce the rate 
     of, delinquent juvenile behavior'',
       (2) in paragraph (4) by inserting ``title I of'' before 
     ``the Omnibus'' each place it appears,
       (3) in paragraph (7) by striking ``the Trust Territory of 
     the Pacific Islands,'',
       (4) in paragraph (9) by striking ``justice'' and inserting 
     ``crime control'',
       (5) in paragraph (12)(B) by striking ``, of any 
     nonoffender,'',
       (6) in paragraph (13)(B) by striking ``, any non-
     offender,'',
       (7) in paragraph (14) by inserting ``drug trafficking,'' 
     after ``assault,'',
       (8) in paragraph (16)--
       (A) in subparagraph (A) by adding ``and'' at the end, and
       (B) by striking subparagraph (C),
       (9) by striking paragraph (17),
       (10) in paragraph (22)--
       (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (i), (ii), and (iii) as 
     subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), respectively, and
       (B) by striking ``and'' at the end,

[[Page H5196]]

       (11) in paragraph (23) by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting a semicolon,
       (12) by redesignating paragraphs (18), (19), (20), (21), 
     (22), and (23) as paragraphs (17) through (22), respectively, 
     and
       (12) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(23) the term `boot camp' means a residential facility 
     (excluding a private residence) at which there are provided--
       ``(A) a highly regimented schedule of discipline, physical 
     training, work, drill, and ceremony characteristic of 
     military basic training.
       ``(B) regular, remedial, special, and vocational education; 
     and
       ``(C) counseling and treatment for substance abuse and 
     other health and mental health problems;
       ``(24) the term `graduated sanctions' means an 
     accountability-based, graduated series of sanctions 
     (including incentives and services) applicable to juveniles 
     within the juvenile justice system to hold such juveniles 
     accountable for their actions and to protect communities from 
     the effects of juvenile delinquency by providing appropriate 
     sanctions for every act for which a juvenile is adjudicated 
     delinquent, by inducing their law-abiding behavior, and by 
     preventing their subsequent involvement with the juvenile 
     justice system;
       ``(25) the term `violent crime' means--
       ``(A) murder or nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, 
     or robbery, or
       ``(B) aggravated assault committed with the use of a 
     firearm;
       ``(26) the term `co-located facilities' means facilities 
     that are located in the same building, or are part of a 
     related complex of buildings located on the same grounds; and
       ``(27) the term `related complex of buildings' means 2 or 
     more buildings that share--
       ``(A) physical features, such as walls and fences, or 
     services beyond mechanical services (heating, air 
     conditioning, water and sewer); or
       ``(B) the specialized services that are allowable under 
     section 31.303(e)(3)(i)(C)(3) of title 28 of the Code of 
     Federal Regulations, as in effect on December 10, 1996.''.

     SEC. 104. NAME OF OFFICE.

       Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
     Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amended--
       (1) by amending the heading of part A to read as follows:

      ``Part A--Office of Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency 
                             Prevention'',

       (2) in section 201(a) by striking ``Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention'' and inserting ``Crime Control and Delinquency 
     Prevention'', and
       (3) in subsections section 299A(c)(2) by striking ``Justice 
     and Delinquency Prevention'' and inserting ``Crime Control 
     and Delinquency Prevention''.

     SEC. 105. CONCENTRATION OF FEDERAL EFFORT.

       Section 204 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5614) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(1) by striking the last sentence,
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (3) by striking ``and of the prospective'' 
     and all that follows through ``administered'',
       (B) by striking paragraph (5), and
       (C) by redesignating paragraphs (6) and (7) as paragraphs 
     (5) and (6), respectively,
       (3) in subsection (c) by striking ``and reports'' and all 
     that follows through ``this part'', and inserting ``as may be 
     appropriate to prevent the duplication of efforts, and to 
     coordinate activities, related to the prevention of juvenile 
     delinquency'',
       (4) by striking subsection (i), and
       (5) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (f).

     SEC. 106. COORDINATING COUNCIL ON JUVENILE JUSTICE AND 
                   DELINQUENCY PREVENTION.

       Section 206 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5616) is repealed.

     SEC. 107. ANNUAL REPORT.

       Section 207 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5617) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by inserting ``and'' after ``priorities,'', and
       (B) by striking ``, and recommendations of the Council'',
       (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5), and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(4) An evaluation of the programs funded under this title 
     and their effectiveness in reducing the incidence of juvenile 
     delinquency, particularly violent crime, committed by 
     juveniles.'', and
       (3) by redesignating such section as section 206.

     SEC. 108. ALLOCATION.

       Section 222 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5632) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in paragraph (2)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A)--

       (I) by striking ``amount, up to $400,000,'' and inserting 
     ``amount up to $400,000'',
       (II) by inserting a comma after ``1992'' the 1st place it 
     appears,
       (III) by striking ``the Trust Territory of the Pacific 
     Islands,'', and
       (IV) by striking ``amount, up to $100,000,'' and inserting 
     ``amount up to $100,000'',

       (ii) in subparagraph (B)--

       (I) by striking ``(other than part D)'',
       (II) by striking ``or such greater amount, up to $600,000'' 
     and all that follows through ``section 299(a) (1) and (3)'',
       (III) by striking ``the Trust Territory of the Pacific 
     Islands,'',
       (IV) by striking ``amount, up to $100,000,'' and inserting 
     ``amount up to $100,000'', and
       (V) by inserting a comma after ``1992'',

       (B) in paragraph (3) by striking ``allot'' and inserting 
     ``allocate'', and
       (2) in subsection (b) by striking ``the Trust Territory of 
     the Pacific Islands,''.

     SEC. 109. STATE PLANS.

       Section 223 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5633) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) in the 2nd sentence by striking ``challenge'' and all 
     that follows through ``part E'', and inserting ``, projects, 
     and activities'',
       (B) in paragraph (3)--
       (i) by striking ``, which--'' and inserting ``that--'',
       (ii) in subparagraph (A)--

       (I) by striking ``not less'' and all that follows through 
     ``33'', and inserting ``the attorney general of the State or 
     such other State official who has primary responsibility for 
     overseeing the enforcement of State criminal laws, and'',
       (II) by inserting ``, in consultation with the attorney 
     general of the State or such other State official who has 
     primary responsibility for overseeing the enforcement of 
     State criminal laws'' after ``State'',
       (III) in clause (i) by striking ``or the administration of 
     juvenile justice'' and inserting ``, the administration of 
     juvenile justice, or the reduction of juvenile delinquency'',
       (IV) in clause (ii) by striking ``include--'' and all that 
     follows through the semicolon at the end of subclause (VIII), 
     and inserting the following:

     ``represent a multidisciplinary approach to addressing 
     juvenile delinquency and may include--

       ``(I) individuals who represent units of general local 
     government, law enforcement and juvenile justice agencies, 
     public agencies concerned with the prevention and treatment 
     of juvenile delinquency and with the adjudication of 
     juveniles, representatives of juveniles, or nonprofit private 
     organizations, particularly such organizations that serve 
     juveniles; and
       ``(II) such other individuals as the chief executive 
     officer considers to be appropriate; and'', and
       (V) by striking clauses (iv) and (v),

       (iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``justice'' and 
     inserting ``crime control'',
       (iv) in subparagraph (D)--

       (I) in clause (i) by inserting ``and'' at the end,
       (II) in clause (ii) by striking ``paragraphs'' and all that 
     follows through ``part E'', and inserting ``paragraphs (11), 
     (12), and (13)'', and
       (III) by striking clause (iii), and

       (v) in subparagraph (E) by striking ``title--'' and all 
     that follows through ``(ii)'' and inserting ``title,'',
       (C) in paragraph (5)--
       (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking 
     ``, other than'' and inserting ``reduced by the percentage 
     (if any) specified by the State under the authority of 
     paragraph (25) and excluding'' after ``section 222'', and
       ``(ii) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``paragraphs 
     (12)(A), (13), and (14)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (11), 
     (12), and (13)'',
       (D) by striking paragraph (6),
       (E) in paragraph (7) by inserting ``, including in rural 
     areas'' before the semicolon at the end,
       (F) in paragraph (8)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A)--

       (I) by striking ``for (i)'' and all that follows through 
     ``relevant jurisdiction'', and inserting ``for an analysis of 
     juvenile delinquency problems in, and the juvenile 
     delinquency control and delinquency prevention needs 
     (including educational needs) of, the State'',
       (II) by striking ``justice'' the second place it appears 
     and inserting ``crime control'', and
       (III) by striking ``of the jurisdiction; (ii)'' and all 
     that follows through the semicolon at the end, and inserting 
     ``of the State; and'',

       (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows:
       ``(B) contain--
       ``(i) a plan for providing needed gender-specific services 
     for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency;
       ``(ii) a plan for providing needed services for the 
     prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in rural 
     areas; and
       ``(iii) a plan for providing needed mental health services 
     to juveniles in the juvenile justice system;'', and
       (iii) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D),
       (G) by amending paragraph (9) to read as follows:
       ``(9) provide for the coordination and maximum utilization 
     of existing juvenile delinquency programs, programs operated 
     by public and private agencies and organizations, and other 
     related programs (such as education, special education, 
     recreation, health, and welfare programs) in the State;'',
       (H) in paragraph (10)--
       (i) in subparagraph (A)--

       (I) by striking ``, specifically'' and inserting 
     ``including'',
       (II) by striking clause (i), and
       (III) redesignating clauses (ii) and (iii) as clauses (i) 
     and (ii), respectively,

       (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows:

[[Page H5197]]

       ``(B) programs that assist in holding juveniles accountable 
     for their actions, including the use of graduated sanctions 
     and of neighborhood courts or panels that increase victim 
     satisfaction and require juveniles to make restitution for 
     the damage caused by their delinquent behavior;'',
       (iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``juvenile justice'' 
     and inserting ``juvenile crime control'',
       (iv) by amending subparagraph (D) to read as follows:
       ``(D) programs that provide treatment to juvenile offenders 
     who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their 
     families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such 
     juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of 
     law;'',
       (v) in subparagraph (E)--

       (I) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii), and
       (II) by striking ``juveniles, provided'' and all that 
     follows through ``provides; and'', and inserting the 
     following:

     ``juveniles--
       ``(i) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and 
     secondary schools or in alternative learning situations;
       ``(ii) to provide services to assist juveniles in making 
     the transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency; 
     and'',
       (vi) by amending subparagraph (F) to read as follows:
       ``(F) expanding the use of probation officers--
       ``(i) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent 
     juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at 
     home with their families as an alternative to incarceration 
     or institutionalization; and
       ``(ii) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their 
     probation;'',
       (vii) by amending subparagraph (G) to read as follows:
       ``(G) one-on-one mentoring programs that are designed to 
     link at-risk juveniles and juvenile offenders, particularly 
     juveniles residing in high-crime areas and juveniles 
     experiencing educational failure, with responsible adults 
     (such as law enforcement officers, adults working with local 
     businesses, and adults working with community-based 
     organizations and agencies) who are properly screened and 
     trained;'',
       (viii) in subparagraph (H) by striking ``handicapped 
     youth'' and inserting ``juveniles with disabilities'',
       (ix) by amending subparagraph (K) to read as follows:
       ``(K) boot camps for juvenile offenders;'',
       (x) by amending subparagraph (L) to read as follows:
       ``(L) community-based programs and services to work with 
     juveniles, their parents, and other family members during and 
     after incarceration in order to strengthen families so that 
     such juveniles may be retained in their homes;'',
       (xi) by amending subparagraph (M) to read as follows:
       ``(M) other activities (such as court-appointed advocates) 
     that the State determines will hold juveniles accountable for 
     their acts and decrease juvenile involvement in delinquent 
     activities;'',
       (xii) by amending subparagraph (N) to read as follows:
       ``(N) establishing policies and systems to incorporate 
     relevant child protective services records into juvenile 
     justice records for purposes of establishing treatment plans 
     for juvenile offenders;'',
       (xiii) in subparagraph (O)--

       (I) in striking ``cultural'' and inserting ``other'', and
       (II) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
     semicolon, and

       (xiv) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(P) a system of records relating to any adjudication of 
     juveniles less than 18 years of age who are adjudicated 
     delinquent for conduct that would be a violent crime if 
     committed by an adult, that is--
       ``(i) equivalent to the records that would be kept of 
     adults arrested for such conduct, including fingerprints and 
     photographs;
       ``(ii) submitted to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 
     the same manner as adult records are so submitted;
       ``(iii) retained for a period of time that is equal to the 
     period of time records are retained for adults; and
       ``(iv) available on an expedited basis to law enforcement 
     agencies, the courts, and school officials (and such school 
     officials shall be subject to the same standards and 
     penalties that law enforcement and juvenile justice system 
     employees are subject to under Federal and State law, for 
     handling and disclosing such information);
       ``(Q) programs that utilize multidisciplinary interagency 
     case management and information sharing, that enable the 
     juvenile justice and law enforcement agencies, schools, and 
     social service agencies to make more informed decisions 
     regarding early identification, control, supervision, and 
     treatment of juveniles who repeatedly commit violent or 
     serious delinquent acts; and
       ``(R) programs designed to prevent and reduce hate crimes 
     committed by juveniles.'',
       (I) by amending paragraph (12) to read as follows:
       ``(12) shall, in accordance with rules issued by the 
     Administrator, provide that--
       ``(A) juveniles who are charged with or who have committed 
     an offense that would not be criminal if committed by an 
     adult, excluding--
       ``(i) juveniles who are charged with or who have committed 
     a violation of section 922(x)(2) of title 18, United States 
     Code, or of a similar State law;
       ``(ii) juveniles who are charged with or who have committed 
     a violation of a valid court order; and
       ``(iii) juveniles who are held in accordance with the 
     Interstate Compact on Juveniles as enacted by the State;

     shall not be placed in secure detention facilities or secure 
     correctional facilities; and
       ``(B) juveniles--
       ``(i) who are not charged with any offense; and
       ``(ii) who are--

       ``(I) aliens; or
       ``(II) alleged to be dependent, neglected, or abused;

     shall not be placed in secure detention facilities or secure 
     correctional facilities;'',
       (J) by amending paragraph (13) to read as follows:
       ``(13) provide that--
       ``(A) juveniles alleged to be or found to be delinquent, 
     and juveniles within the purview of paragraph (11), will not 
     be detained or confined in any institution in which they have 
     regular contact, or unsupervised incidental contact, with 
     adults incarcerated because such adults have been convicted 
     of a crime or are awaiting trial on criminal charges; and
       ``(B) there is in effect in the State a policy that 
     requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and 
     such adults in co-located facilities have been trained and 
     certified to work with juveniles;'',
       (K) by amending paragraph (14) to read as follows:
       ``(14) provide that no juvenile will be detained or 
     confined in any jail or lockup for adults except--
       ``(A) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses and 
     who are detained in such jail or lockup for a period not to 
     exceed 6 hours--
       ``(i) for processing or release;
       ``(ii) while awaiting transfer to a juvenile facility; or
       ``(iii) in which period such juveniles make a court 
     appearance;
       ``(B) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses, who 
     are awaiting an initial court appearance that will occur 
     within 48 hours after being taken into custody (excluding 
     Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays), and who are detained 
     or confined in a jail or lockup--
       ``(i) in which--

       ``(I) such juveniles do not have regular contact, or 
     unsupervised incidental contact, with adults incarcerated 
     because such adults have been convicted of a crime or are 
     awaiting trial on criminal charges; and
       ``(II) there is in effect in the State a policy that 
     requires individuals who work with both such juveniles and 
     such adults in co-located facilities have been trained and 
     certified to work with juveniles; and

       ``(ii) that--

       ``(I) is located outside a metropolitan statistical area 
     (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget);
       ``(II) has no existing acceptable alternative placement 
     available;
       ``(III) is located where conditions of distance to be 
     traveled or the lack of highway, road, or transportation do 
     not allow for court appearances within 48 hours (excluding 
     Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) so that a brief (not 
     to exceed an additional 48 hours) delay is excusable; or
       ``(IV) is located where conditions of safety exist (such as 
     severe adverse, life-threatening weather conditions that do 
     not allow for reasonably safe travel), in which case the time 
     for an appearance may be delayed until 24 hours after the 
     time that such conditions allow for reasonable safe travel;

       ``(C) juveniles who are accused of nonstatus offenses and 
     who are detained or confined in a jail or lockup that 
     satisfies the requirements of subparagraph (B)(i) if--
       ``(i) such jail or lockup--

       ``(I) is located outside a metropolitan statistical area 
     (as defined by the Office of Management and Budget); and
       ``(II) has no existing acceptable alternative placement 
     available;

       ``(ii) a parent or other legal guardian (or guardian ad 
     litem) of the juvenile involved consents to detaining or 
     confining such juvenile in accordance with this subparagraph 
     and has the right to revoke such consent at any time;
       ``(iii) the juvenile has counsel, and the counsel 
     representing such juvenile has an opportunity to present the 
     juvenile's position regarding the detention or confinement 
     involved to the court before the court approves such 
     detention or confinement; and
       ``(iv) detaining or confining such juvenile in accordance 
     with this subparagraph is--

       ``(I) approved in advance by a court with competent 
     jurisdiction that has determined that such placement is in 
     the best interest of such juvenile;
       ``(II) required to be reviewed periodically, at intervals 
     of not more than 5 days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and 
     legal holidays), by such court for the duration of detention 
     or confinement; and
       ``(III) for a period preceding the sentencing (if any) of 
     such juvenile;'',

       (L) in paragraph (15)--
       (i) by striking ``paragraph (12)(A), paragraph (13), and 
     paragraph (14)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (11), (12), and 
     (13)'', and
       (ii) by striking ``paragraph (12)(A) and paragraph (13)'' 
     and inserting ``paragraphs (11) and (12)'',

[[Page H5198]]

       (M) in paragraph (16) by striking ``mentally, emotionally, 
     or physically handicapping conditions'' and inserting 
     ``disability'',
       (N) by amending paragraph (19) to read as follows:
       ``(19) provide assurances that--
       ``(A) any assistance provided under this Act will not cause 
     the displacement (including a partial displacement, such as a 
     reduction in the hours of nonovertime work, wages, or 
     employment benefits) of any currently employed employee;
       ``(B) activities assisted under this Act will not impair an 
     existing collective bargaining relationship, contract for 
     services, or collective bargaining agreement; and
       ``(C) no such activity that would be inconsistent with the 
     terms of a collective bargaining agreement shall be 
     undertaken without the written concurrence of the labor 
     organization involved;'',
       (O) by amending paragraph (23) to read as follows:
       ``(23) address juvenile delinquency prevention efforts and 
     system improvement efforts designed to reduce, without 
     establishing or requiring numerical standards or quotas, the 
     disproportionate number of juvenile members of minority 
     groups, who come into contact with the juvenile justice 
     system;'',
       (P) by amending paragraph (24) to read as follows:
       ``(24) provide that if a juvenile is taken into custody for 
     violating a valid court order issued for committing a status 
     offense--
       ``(A) an appropriate public agency shall be promptly 
     notified that such juvenile is held in custody for violating 
     such order;
       ``(B) not later than 24 hours during which such juvenile is 
     so held, an authorized representative of such agency shall 
     interview, in person, such juvenile; and
       ``(C) not later than 48 hours during which such juvenile is 
     so held--
       ``(i) such representative shall submit an assessment to the 
     court that issued such order, regarding the immediate needs 
     of such juvenile; and
       ``(ii) such court shall conduct a hearing to determine--

       ``(I) whether there is reasonable cause to believe that 
     such juvenile violated such order; and
       ``(II) the appropriate placement of such juvenile pending 
     disposition of the violation alleged;'',

       (Q) in paragraph (25) by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting a semicolon,
       (R) by redesignating paragraphs (7) through (25) as 
     paragraphs (6) through (24), respectively, and
       (S) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(25) specify a percentage (if any), not to exceed 5 
     percent, of funds received by the State under section 222 
     (other than funds made available to the state advisory group 
     under section 222(d)) that the State will reserve for 
     expenditure by the State to provide incentive grants to units 
     of general local government that reduce the caseload of 
     probation officers within such units, and
       ``(26) provide that the State, to the maximum extent 
     practicable, will implement a system to ensure that if a 
     juvenile is before a court in the juvenile justice system, 
     public child welfare records (including child protective 
     services records) relating to such juvenile that are on file 
     in the geographical area under the jurisdiction of such court 
     will be made known to such court.'', and
       (2) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
       ``(c) If a State fails to comply with any of the applicable 
     requirements of paragraphs (11), (12), (13), and (22) of 
     subsection (a) in any fiscal year beginning after September 
     30, 1997, then the amount allocated to such State for the 
     subsequent fiscal year shall be reduced by not to exceed 12.5 
     percent for each such paragraph with respect to which the 
     failure occurs, unless the Administrator determines that the 
     State--
       ``(1) has achieved substantial compliance with such 
     applicable requirements with respect to which the State was 
     not in compliance; and
       ``(2) has made, through appropriate executive or 
     legislative action, an unequivocal commitment to achieving 
     full compliance with such applicable requirements within a 
     reasonable time.'', and
       (3) in subsection (d)--
       (A) by striking ``allotment'' and inserting ``allocation'', 
     and
       (B) by striking ``subsection (a) (12)(A), (13), (14) and 
     (23)'' each place it appears and inserting ``paragraphs (11), 
     (12), (13), and (22) of subsection (a)''.

     SEC. 110. JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION BLOCK GRANT 
                   PROGRAM.

       Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
     Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amended--
       (1) by striking parts C, D, E, F, G, and H,
       (2) by striking the 1st part I,
       (3) by redesignating the 2nd part I as part F, and
       (4) by inserting after part B the following:

     ``PART C--JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION BLOCK GRANT PROGRAM

     ``SEC. 241. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

       ``The Administrator may make grants to eligible States, 
     from funds allocated under section 242, for the purpose of 
     providing financial assistance to eligible entities to carry 
     out projects designed to prevent juvenile delinquency, 
     including--
       ``(1) projects that assist in holding juveniles accountable 
     for their actions, including the use of neighborhood courts 
     or panels that increase victim satisfaction and require 
     juveniles to make restitution, or perform community service, 
     for the damage caused by their delinquent acts;
       ``(2) projects that provide treatment to juvenile offenders 
     who are victims of child abuse or neglect, and to their 
     families, in order to reduce the likelihood that such 
     juvenile offenders will commit subsequent violations of law;
       ``(3) educational projects or supportive services for 
     delinquent or other juveniles--
       ``(A) to encourage juveniles to remain in elementary and 
     secondary schools or in alternative learning situations in 
     educational settings;
       ``(B) to provide services to assist juveniles in making the 
     transition to the world of work and self-sufficiency;
       ``(C) to assist in identifying learning difficulties 
     (including learning disabilities);
       ``(D) to prevent unwarranted and arbitrary suspensions and 
     expulsions;
       ``(E) to encourage new approaches and techniques with 
     respect to the prevention of school violence and vandalism;
       ``(F) which assist law enforcement personnel and juvenile 
     justice personnel to more effectively recognize and provide 
     for learning-disabled and other handicapped juveniles; or
       ``(G) which develop locally coordinated policies and 
     programs among education, juvenile justice, and social 
     service agencies;
       ``(4) projects which expand the use of probation officers--
       ``(A) particularly for the purpose of permitting nonviolent 
     juvenile offenders (including status offenders) to remain at 
     home with their families as an alternative to incarceration 
     or institutionalization; and
       ``(B) to ensure that juveniles follow the terms of their 
     probation;
       ``(5) one-on-one mentoring projects that are designed to 
     link at-risk juveniles and juvenile offenders who did not 
     commit serious crime, particularly juveniles residing in 
     high-crime areas and juveniles experiencing educational 
     failure, with responsible adults (such as law enforcement 
     officers, adults working with local businesses, and adults 
     working for community-based organizations and agencies) who 
     are properly screened and trained;
       ``(6) community-based projects and services (including 
     literacy and social service programs) which work with 
     juvenile offenders, including those from families with 
     limited English-speaking proficiency, their parents, their 
     siblings, and other family members during and after 
     incarceration of the juvenile offenders, in order to 
     strengthen families, to allow juvenile offenders to be 
     retained in their homes, and to prevent the involvement of 
     other juvenile family members in delinquent activities;
       ``(7) projects designed to provide for the treatment of 
     juveniles for dependence on or abuse of alcohol, drugs, or 
     other harmful substances;
       ``(8) projects which leverage funds to provide scholarships 
     for postsecondary education and training for low-income 
     juveniles who reside in neighborhoods with high rates of 
     poverty, violence, and drug-related crimes;
       ``(9) projects which provide for an initial intake 
     screening of each juvenile taken into custody--
       ``(A) to determine the likelihood that such juvenile will 
     commit a subsequent offense; and
       ``(B) to provide appropriate interventions to prevent such 
     juvenile from committing subsequent offenses;
       ``(10) projects (including school- or community-based 
     projects) that are designed to prevent, and reduce the rate 
     of, the participation of juveniles in gangs that commit 
     crimes (particularly violent crimes), that unlawfully use 
     firearms and other weapons, or that unlawfully traffic in 
     drugs and that involve, to the extent practicable, families 
     and other community members (including law enforcement 
     personnel and members of the business community) in the 
     activities conducted under such projects;
       ``(11) comprehensive juvenile justice and delinquency 
     prevention projects that meet the needs of juveniles through 
     the collaboration of the many local service systems juveniles 
     encounter, including schools, courts, law enforcement 
     agencies, child protection agencies, mental health agencies, 
     welfare services, health care agencies, and private nonprofit 
     agencies offering services to juveniles;
       ``(12) to develop, implement, and support, in conjunction 
     with public and private agencies, organizations, and 
     businesses, projects for the employment of juveniles and 
     referral to job training programs (including referral to 
     Federal job training programs);
       ``(13) delinquency prevention activities which involve 
     youth clubs, sports, recreation and parks, peer counseling 
     and teaching, the arts, leadership development, community 
     service, volunteer service, before- and after-school 
     programs, violence prevention activities, mediation skills 
     training, camping, environmental education, ethnic or 
     cultural enrichment, tutoring, and academic enrichment;
       ``(14) to establish policies and systems to incorporate 
     relevant child protective services records into juvenile 
     justice records for purposes of establishing treatment plans 
     for juvenile offenders;
       ``(15) family strengthening activities, such as mutual 
     support groups for parents and their children;

[[Page H5199]]

       ``(16) programs that encourage social competencies, 
     problem-solving skills, and communication skills, youth 
     leadership, and civic involvement;
       ``(17) programs that focus on the needs of young girls at-
     risk of delinquency or status offenses; and
       ``(18) other activities that are likely to prevent juvenile 
     delinquency.

     ``SEC. 242. ALLOCATION.

       ``Funds appropriated to carry out this part shall be 
     allocated among eligible States as follows:
       ``(1) Fifty percent of such amount shall be allocated 
     proportionately based on the population that is less than 18 
     years of age in the eligible States.
       ``(2) Fifty percent of such amount shall be allocated 
     proportionately based on the annual average number of arrests 
     for serious crimes committed in the eligible States by 
     juveniles during the then most recently completed period of 3 
     consecutive calendar years for which sufficient information 
     is available to the Administrator.

     ``SEC. 243. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES.

       ``(a) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
     section 241, a State shall submit to the Administrator an 
     application that contains the following:
       ``(1) An assurance that the State will use--
       ``(A) not more than 5 percent of such grant, in the 
     aggregate, for--
       ``(i) the costs incurred by the State to carry out this 
     part; and
       ``(ii) to evaluate, and provide technical assistance 
     relating to, projects and activities carried out with funds 
     provided under this part; and
       ``(B) the remainder of such grant to make grants under 
     section 244.
       ``(2) An assurance that, and a detailed description of how, 
     such grant will support, and not supplant State and local 
     efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency.
       ``(3) An assurance that such application was prepared after 
     consultation with and participation by community-based 
     organizations, and organizations in the local juvenile 
     justice system, that carry out programs, projects, or 
     activities to prevent juvenile delinquency.
       ``(4) An assurance that each eligible entity described in 
     section 244(a) that receives an initial grant under section 
     244 to carry out a project or activity shall also receive an 
     assurance from the State that such entity will receive from 
     the State, for the subsequent fiscal year to carry out such 
     project or activity, a grant under such section in an amount 
     that is proportional, based on such initial grant and on the 
     amount of the grant received under section 241 by the State 
     for such subsequent fiscal year, but that does not exceed the 
     amount specified for such subsequent fiscal year in such 
     application as approved by the State.
       ``(5) Such other information and assurances as the 
     Administrator may reasonably require by rule.
       ``(b) Approval of Applications.--
       ``(1) Approval required.--Subject to paragraph (2), the 
     Administrator shall approve an application, and amendments to 
     such application submitted in subsequent fiscal years, that 
     satisfy the requirements of subsection (a).
       ``(2) Limitation.--The Administrator may not approve such 
     application (including amendments to such application) for a 
     fiscal year unless--
       ``(A)(i) the State submitted a plan under section 223 for 
     such fiscal year; and
       ``(ii) such plan is approved by the Administrator for such 
     fiscal year; or
       ``(B) the Administrator waives the application of 
     subparagraph (A) to such State for such fiscal year, after 
     finding good cause for such a waiver.

     ``SEC. 244. GRANTS FOR LOCAL PROJECTS.

       ``(a) Selection From Among Applications.--(1) Using a grant 
     received under section 241, a State may make grants to 
     eligible entities whose applications are received by the 
     State in accordance with subsection (b) to carry out projects 
     and activities described in section 241.
       ``(2) For purposes of making such grants, the State shall 
     give special consideration to eligible entities that--
       ``(A) propose to carry out such projects in geographical 
     areas in which there is--
       ``(i) a disproportionately high level of serious crime 
     committed by juveniles; or
       ``(ii) a recent rapid increase in the number of nonstatus 
     offenses committed by juveniles;
       ``(B)(i) agreed to carry out such projects or activities 
     that are multidisciplinary and involve 2 or more eligible 
     entities; or
       ``(ii) represent communities that have a comprehensive plan 
     designed to identify at-risk juveniles and to prevent or 
     reduce the rate of juvenile delinquency, and that involve 
     other entities operated by individuals who have a 
     demonstrated history of involvement in activities designed to 
     prevent juvenile delinquency; and
       ``(C) the amount of resources (in cash or in kind) such 
     entities will provide to carry out such projects and 
     activities.
       ``(b) Receipt of Applications.--(1) Subject to paragraph 
     (2), a unit of general local government shall submit to the 
     State simultaneously all applications that are--
       ``(A) timely received by such unit from eligible entities; 
     and
       ``(B) determined by such unit to be consistent with a 
     current plan formulated by such unit for the purpose of 
     preventing, and reducing the rate of, juvenile delinquency in 
     the geographical area under the jurisdiction of such unit.
       ``(2) If an application submitted to such unit by an 
     eligible entity satisfies the requirements specified in 
     subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1), such entity may 
     submit such application directly to the State.

     ``SEC. 245. ELIGIBILITY OF ENTITIES.

       ``(a) Eligibility.--Subject to subsections (b) and except 
     as provided in subsection (c), to be eligible to receive a 
     grant under section 244, a community-based organization, 
     local juvenile justice system officials (including 
     prosecutors, police officers, judges, probation officers, 
     parole officers, and public defenders), local education 
     authority (as defined in section 14101 of the Elementary and 
     Secondary Education Act of 1965 and including a school within 
     such authority), nonprofit private organization, unit of 
     general local government, or social service provider, and or 
     other entity with a demonstrated history of involvement in 
     the prevention of juvenile delinquency, shall submit to a 
     unit of general local government an application that contains 
     the following:
       ``(1) An assurance that such applicant will use such grant, 
     and each such grant received for the subsequent fiscal year, 
     to carry out throughout a 2-year period a project or activity 
     described in reasonable detail, and of a kind described in 
     one or more of paragraphs (1) through (14) of section 241 as 
     specified in, such application.
       ``(2) A statement of the particular goals such project or 
     activity is designed to achieve, and the methods such entity 
     will use to achieve, and assess the achievement of, each of 
     such goals.
       ``(3) A statement identifying the research (if any) such 
     entity relied on in preparing such application.
       ``(b) Review and Submission of Applications.--Except as 
     provided in subsection (c), an entity shall not be eligible 
     to receive a grant under section 244 unless--
       ``(1) such entity submits to a unit of general local 
     government an application that--
       ``(A) satisfies the requirements specified in subsection 
     (a); and
       ``(B) describes a project or activity to be carried out in 
     the geographical area under the jurisdiction of such unit; 
     and
       ``(2) such unit determines that such project or activity is 
     consistent with a current plan formulated by such unit for 
     the purpose of preventing, and reducing the rate of, juvenile 
     delinquency in the geographical area under the jurisdiction 
     of such unit.
       ``(c) Limitation.--If an entity that receives a grant under 
     section 244 to carry out a project or activity for a 2-year 
     period, and receives technical assistance from the State or 
     the Administrator after requesting such technical assistance 
     (if any), fails to demonstrate, before the expiration of such 
     2-year period, that such project or such activity has 
     achieved substantial success in achieving the goals specified 
     in the application submitted by such entity to receive such 
     grants, then such entity shall not be eligible to receive any 
     subsequent grant under such section to continue to carry out 
     such project or activity.''.

     SEC. 111. RESEARCH; EVALUATION; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; 
                   TRAINING.

       Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
     Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
     after part C, as added by section 110, the following:

     ``PART D--RESEARCH; EVALUATION; TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE; TRAINING

     ``SEC. 251. RESEARCH AND EVALUATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSES; 
                   INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

       ``(a) Research and Evaluation.--(1) The Administrator may--
       ``(A) plan and identify, after consultation with the 
     Director of the National Institute of Justice, the purposes 
     and goals of all agreements carried out with funds provided 
     under this subsection; and
       ``(B) make agreements with the National Institute of 
     Justice or, subject to the approval of the Assistant Attorney 
     General for the Office of Justice Programs, with another 
     Federal agency authorized by law to conduct research or 
     evaluation in juvenile justice matters, for the purpose of 
     providing research and evaluation relating to--
       ``(i) the prevention, reduction, and control of juvenile 
     delinquency and serious crime committed by juveniles;
       ``(ii) the link between juvenile delinquency and the 
     incarceration of members of the families of juveniles;
       ``(iii) successful efforts to prevent first-time minor 
     offenders from committing subsequent involvement in serious 
     crime;
       ``(iv) successful efforts to prevent recidivism;
       ``(v) the juvenile justice system;
       ``(vi) juvenile violence; and
       ``(vii) other purposes consistent with the purposes of this 
     title and title I.
       ``(2) The Administrator shall ensure that an equitable 
     amount of funds available to carry out paragraph (1)(B) is 
     used for research and evaluation relating to the prevention 
     of juvenile delinquency.
       ``(b) Statistical Analyses.--The Administrator may--
       ``(1) plan and identify, after consultation with the 
     Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the purposes 
     and goals of all agreements carried out with funds provided 
     under this subsection; and
       ``(2) make agreements with the Bureau of Justice 
     Statistics, or subject to the approval

[[Page H5200]]

     of the Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Justice 
     Programs, with another Federal agency authorized by law to 
     undertake statistical work in juvenile justice matters, for 
     the purpose of providing for the collection, analysis, and 
     dissemination of statistical data and information relating to 
     juvenile delinquency and serious crimes committed by 
     juveniles, to the juvenile justice system, to juvenile 
     violence, and to other purposes consist with the purposes of 
     this title and title I.
       ``(c) Competitive Selection Process.--The Administrator 
     shall use a competitive process, established by rule by the 
     Administrator, to carry out subsections (a) and (b).
       ``(d) Implementation of Agreements.--A Federal agency that 
     makes an agreement under subsections (a)(1)(B) and (b)(2) 
     with the Administrator may carry out such agreement directly 
     or by making grants to or contracts with public and private 
     agencies, institutions, and organizations.
       ``(e) Information Dissemination.--The Administrator may--
       ``(1) review reports and data relating to the juvenile 
     justice system in the United States and in foreign nations 
     (as appropriate), collect data and information from studies 
     and research into all aspects of juvenile delinquency 
     (including the causes, prevention, and treatment of juvenile 
     delinquency) and serious crimes committed by juveniles;
       ``(2) establish and operate, directly or by contract, a 
     clearinghouse and information center for the preparation, 
     publication, and dissemination of information relating to 
     juvenile delinquency, including State and local prevention 
     and treatment programs, plans, resources, and training and 
     technical assistance programs; and
       ``(3) make grants and contracts with public and private 
     agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the purpose of 
     disseminating information to representatives and personnel of 
     public and private agencies, including practitioners in 
     juvenile justice, law enforcement, the courts, corrections, 
     schools, and related services, in the establishment, 
     implementation, and operation of projects and activities for 
     which financial assistance is provided under this title.

     ``SEC. 252. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

       ``(a) Training.--The Administrator may--
       ``(1) develop and carry out projects for the purpose of 
     training representatives and personnel of public and private 
     agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law 
     enforcement, courts, corrections, schools, and related 
     services, to carry out the purposes specified in section 102; 
     and
       ``(2) make grants to and contracts with public and private 
     agencies, institutions, and organizations for the purpose of 
     training representatives and personnel of public and private 
     agencies, including practitioners in juvenile justice, law 
     enforcement, courts, corrections, schools, and related 
     services, to carry out the purposes specified in section 102.
       ``(b) Technical Assistance.--The Administrator may--
       ``(1) develop and implement projects for the purpose of 
     providing technical assistance to representatives and 
     personnel of public and private agencies and organizations, 
     including practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, 
     courts, corrections, schools, and related services, in the 
     establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, 
     projects, and activities for which financial assistance is 
     provided under this title; and
       ``(2) make grants to and contracts with public and private 
     agencies, institutions, and organizations, for the purpose of 
     providing technical assistance to representatives and 
     personnel of public and private agencies, including 
     practitioners in juvenile justice, law enforcement, courts, 
     corrections, schools, and related services, in the 
     establishment, implementation, and operation of programs, 
     projects, and activities for which financial assistance is 
     provided under this title.''.

     SEC. 112. DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

       Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
     Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
     after part D, as added by section 111, the following:

    ``PART E--DEVELOPING, TESTING, AND DEMONSTRATING PROMISING NEW 
                        INITIATIVES AND PROGRAMS

     ``SEC. 261. GRANTS AND PROJECTS.

       ``(a) Authority To Make Grants.--The Administrator may make 
     grants to and contracts with States, units of general local 
     government, Indian tribal governments, public and private 
     agencies, organizations, and individuals, or combinations 
     thereof, to carry out projects for the development, testing, 
     and demonstration of promising initiatives and programs for 
     the prevention, control, or reduction of juvenile 
     delinquency. The Administrator shall ensure that, to the 
     extent reasonable and practicable, such grants are made to 
     achieve an equitable geographical distribution of such 
     projects throughout the United States.
       ``(b) Use of Grants.--A grant made under subsection (a) may 
     be used to pay all or part of the cost of the project for 
     which such grant is made.

     ``SEC. 262. GRANTS FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

       ``The Administrator may make grants to and contracts with 
     public and private agencies, organizations, and individuals 
     to provide technical assistance to States, units of general 
     local government, Indian tribal governments, local private 
     entities or agencies, or any combination thereof, to carry 
     out the projects for which grants are made under section 261.

     ``SEC. 263. ELIGIBILITY.

       ``To be eligible to receive a grant made under this part, a 
     public or private agency, Indian tribal government, 
     organization, institution, individual, or combination thereof 
     shall submit an application to the Administrator at such 
     time, in such form, and containing such information as the 
     Administrator may reasonable require by rule.

     ``SEC. 264. REPORTS.

       ``Recipients of grants made under this part shall submit to 
     the Administrator such reports as may be reasonably requested 
     by the Administrator to describe progress achieved in 
     carrying the projects for which such grants are made.''.

     SEC. 113. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       Section 299 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671) is amended--
       (1) by striking subsection (e), and
       (2) by striking subsections (a), (b), and (c), and 
     inserting the following:
       ``(a) Authorization of Appropriations for Title II 
     (Excluding Parts C and E).--(1) There are authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out this title such sums as may be 
     appropriate for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001.
       ``(2) Of such sums as are appropriated for a fiscal year to 
     carry out this title (other than parts C and E)--
       ``(A) not more than 5 percent shall be available to carry 
     out part A;
       ``(B) not less than 80 percent shall be available to carry 
     out part B; and
       ``(C) not more than 15 percent shall be available to carry 
     out part D.
       ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations for Part C.--There 
     are authorized to be appropriated to carry out part C such 
     sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, 
     and 2001.
       ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations for Part E.--There 
     are authorized to be appropriated to carry out part E, and 
     authorized to remain available until expended, such sums as 
     may be necessary for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and 
     2001.''.

     SEC. 114. ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.

       Section 299A of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5672) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (d) by striking ``as are consistent with 
     the purpose of this Act'' and inserting ``only to the extent 
     necessary to ensure that there is compliance with the 
     specific requirements of this title or to respond to 
     requests for clarification and guidance relating to such 
     compliance'', and
       (2) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(e) If a State requires by law compliance with the 
     requirements described in paragraphs (11), (12), and (13) of 
     section 223(a), then for the period such law is in effect in 
     such State such State shall be rebuttably presumed to satisfy 
     such requirements.''.

     SEC. 115. USE OF FUNDS.

       Section 299C of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5674) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)--
       (A) by striking ``may be used for'',
       (B) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``may be used for'' after 
     ``(1)'', and
       (C) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
       ``(2) may not be used for the cost of construction of any 
     facility, except not more than 15 percent of the funds 
     received under this title by a State for a fiscal year may be 
     used for the purpose of renovating or replacing juvenile 
     facilities.'',
       (2) by striking subsection (b), and
       (3) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b).

     SEC. 116. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.

       Part F of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671 et seq.), as so 
     redesignated by section 110, is amended adding at the end the 
     following:

     ``SEC. 299F. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.

       ``None of the funds made available to carry out this title 
     may be used to advocate for, or support, the unsecured 
     release of juveniles who are charged with a violent crime.''.

     SEC. 117. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.

       Part F of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671 et seq.), as so 
     redesignated by section 110 and amended by section 116, is 
     amended adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 299G. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.

       ``Nothing in this title or title I shall be construed--
       ``(1) to prevent financial assistance from being awarded 
     through grants under this title to any otherwise eligible 
     organization; or
       ``(2) to modify or affect any Federal or State law relating 
     to collective bargaining rights of employees.''.

     SEC. 118. LEASING SURPLUS FEDERAL PROPERTY.

       Part F of title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671 et seq.), as so 
     redesignated by section 110 and amended by section 117, is 
     amended adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 299H. LEASING SURPLUS FEDERAL PROPERTY.

       ``The Administrator may receive surplus Federal property 
     (including facilities) and may lease such property to States 
     and units of general local government for use in or as 
     facilities for juvenile offenders, or for use in or as 
     facilities for delinquency prevention and treatment 
     activities.''.

[[Page H5201]]

     SEC. 119. ISSUANCE OF RULES.

       Part F of title II or the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671 et seq.), as so 
     redesignated by section 110 and amended by section 118, is 
     amended adding at the end the following:

     ``SEC. 299I. ISSUANCE OF RULES.

       ``The Administrator shall issue rules to carry out this 
     title, including rules that establish procedures and methods 
     for making grants and contracts, and distributing funds 
     available, to carry out this title.''.

     SEC. 120. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

       (a) Technical Amendments.--The Juvenile Justice and 
     Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) 
     is amended--
       (1) in section 202(b) by striking ``prescribed for GS-18 of 
     the General Schedule by section 5332'' and inserting 
     ``payable under section 5376'',
       (2) in section 221(b)(2) by striking the last sentence,
       (3) in section 299D by striking subsection (d), and
       (4) by striking titles IV and V, as originally enacted by 
     Public Law 93-415 (88 Stat. 1132-1143).
       (b) Conforming Amendments.--(1) Section 5315 of title 5 of 
     the United States Code is amended by striking ``Office of 
     Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention'' and inserting 
     ``Office of Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency 
     Prevention''.
       (2) Section 4351(b) of title 18 of the United States Code 
     is amended by striking ``Office of Juvenile Justice and 
     Delinquency Prevention'' and inserting ``Office of Juvenile 
     Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention''.
       (3) Subsections (a)(1) and (c) of section 3220 of title 39 
     of the United States Code is amended by striking ``Office of 
     Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``Office of Juvenile Crime Control and 
     Delinquency Prevention''.
       (4) Section 463(f) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     663(f)) is amended by striking ``Office of Juvenile Justice 
     and Delinquency Prevention'' and inserting ``Office of 
     Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention''.
       (5) Sections 801(a), 804, 805, and 813 of title I of the 
     Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 
     3712(a), 3782, 3785, 3786, 3789i) are amended by striking 
     ``Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention'' 
     each place it appears and inserting ``Office of Juvenile 
     Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention''.
       (6) The Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 13001 
     et seq.) is amended--
       (A) in section 214(b(1) by striking ``262, 293, and 296 of 
     subpart II of title II'' and inserting ``299B and 299E'',
       (B) in section 214A(c)(1) by striking ``262, 293, and 296 
     of subpart II of title II'' and inserting ``299B and 299E'',
       (C) in sections 217 and 222 by striking ``Office of 
     Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``Office of Juvenile Crime Control and 
     Delinquency Prevention'', and
       (D) in section 223(c) by striking ``section 262, 293, and 
     296'' and inserting ``sections 262, 299B, and 299E''.
       (7) The Missing Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5771 
     et seq.) is amended--
       (A) in section 403(2) by striking ``Justice and Delinquency 
     Prevention'' and inserting ``Crime Control and Delinquency 
     Prevention'', and
       (B) in subsections (a)(5)(E) and (b)(1)(B) of section 404 
     by striking ``section 313'' and inserting ``section 331''.
       (8) The Crime Control Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 13001 et seq.) 
     is amended--
       (A) in section 217(c)(1) by striking ``sections 262, 293, 
     and 296 of subpart II of title II'' and inserting ``sections 
     299B and 299E'', and
       (B) in section 223(c) by striking ``section 262, 293, and 
     296 of title II'' and inserting ``sections 299B and 299E''.

     SEC. 121. REFERENCES.

       In any Federal law (excluding this Act and the Acts amended 
     by this Act), Executive order, rule, regulation, order, 
     delegation of authority, grant, contract, suit, or document--
       (1) a reference to the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
     Delinquency Prevention shall be deemed to include a reference 
     to the Office of Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency 
     Prevention, and
       (2) a reference to the National Institute for Juvenile 
     Justice and Delinquency Prevention shall be deemed to include 
     a reference to Office of Juvenile Crime Control and 
     Delinquency Prevention.
       TITLE II--AMENDMENTS TO THE RUNAWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH ACT

     SEC. 201. FINDINGS.

       Section 302 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5701) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (5) by striking ``accurate reporting of 
     the problem nationally'' and inserting ``an accurate national 
     reporting system to report the problem,'', and
       (2) by amending paragraph (8) to read as follows:
       ``(8) services for runaway and homeless youth are needed in 
     urban, suburban and rural areas;''.

     SEC. 202. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS FOR CENTERS AND SERVICES.

       Section 311 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5711) is amended--
       (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
       ``(a)(1) The Secretary shall make grants to public and 
     nonprofit private entities (and combinations of such 
     entities) to establish and operate (including renovation) 
     local centers to provide services for runaway and homeless 
     youth and for the families of such youth.
       ``(2) Such services--
       ``(A) shall be provided as an alternative to involving 
     runaway and homeless youth in the law enforcement, child 
     welfare, mental health, and juvenile justice systems;
       ``(B) shall include--
       ``(i) safe and appropriate shelter; and
       ``(ii) individual, family, and group counseling, as 
     appropriate; and
       ``(C) may include--
       ``(i) street-based services;
       ``(ii) home-based services for families with youth at risk 
     of separation from the family; and
       ``(iii) drug abuse education and prevention services.'',
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (2) by striking ``the Trust Territory of 
     the Pacific Islands,'', and
       (B) by striking paragraph (4), and
       (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d).

     SEC. 203. ELIGIBILITY.

       Section 312 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5712) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in paragraph (8) by striking ``paragraph (6)'' and 
     inserting ``paragraph (7)'',
       (B) in paragraph (10) by striking ``and'' at the end,
       (C) in paragraph (11) by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and'', and
       (D) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(12) shall submit to the Secretary an annual report that 
     includes--
       ``(A) information regarding the activities carried out 
     under this part;
       ``(B) the achievements of the project under this part 
     carried out by the applicant; and
       ``(C) statistical summaries describing--
       ``(i) the number and the characteristics of the runaway and 
     homeless youth, and youth at risk of family separation, who 
     participate in the project; and
       ``(ii) the services provided to such youth by the project;

     in the year for which the report is submitted.'', and
       (2) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(c) To be eligible to use assistance under section 
     311(a)(2)(C)(i) to provide street-based services, the 
     applicant shall include in the plan required by subsection 
     (b) assurances that in providing such services the applicant 
     will--
       ``(1) provide qualified supervision of staff, including on-
     street supervision by appropriately trained staff;
       ``(2) provide backup personnel for on-street staff;
       ``(3) provide initial and periodic training of staff who 
     provide such services; and
       ``(4) conduct outreach activities for runaway and homeless 
     youth, and street youth.
       ``(d) To be eligible to use assistance under section 311(a) 
     to provide home-based services described in section 
     311(a)(2)(C)(ii), an applicant shall include in the plan 
     required by subsection (b) assurances that in providing such 
     services the applicant will--
       ``(1) provide counseling and information to youth and the 
     families (including unrelated individuals in the family 
     households) of such youth, including services relating to 
     basic life skills, interpersonal skill building, educational 
     advancement, job attainment skills, mental and physical 
     health care, parenting skills, financial planning, and 
     referral to sources of other needed services;
       ``(2) provide directly, or through an arrangement made by 
     the applicant, 24-hour service to respond to family crises 
     (including immediate access to temporary shelter for runaway 
     and homeless youth, and youth at risk of separation from the 
     family);
       ``(3) establish, in partnership with the families of 
     runaway and homeless youth, and youth at risk of separation 
     from the family, objectives and measures of success to be 
     achieved as a result of receiving home-based services;
       ``(4) provide initial and periodic training of staff who 
     provide home-based services; and
       ``(5) ensure that--
       ``(A) caseloads will remain sufficiently low to allow for 
     intensive (5 to 20 hours per week) involvement with each 
     family receiving such services; and
       ``(B) staff providing such services will receive qualified 
     supervision.
       ``(e) To be eligible to use assistance under section 
     311(a)(2)(C)(iii) to provide drug abuse education and 
     prevention services, an applicant shall include in the plan 
     required by subsection (b)--
       ``(1) a description of--
       ``(A) the types of such services that the applicant 
     proposes to provide;
       ``(B) the objectives of such services; and
       ``(C) the types of information and training to be provided 
     to individuals providing such services to runaway and 
     homeless youth; and
       ``(2) an assurance that in providing such services the 
     applicant shall conduct outreach activities for runaway and 
     homeless youth.''.

     SEC. 204. APPROVAL OF APPLICATIONS.

       Section 313 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5713) is amended to read as follows:


                       ``approval of applications

       ``Sec. 313. (a) An application by a public or private 
     entity for a grant under section 311(a) may be approved by 
     the Secretary after taking into consideration, with respect 
     to the State in which such entity proposes to provide 
     services under this part--
       ``(1) the geographical distribution in such State of the 
     proposed services under this

[[Page H5202]]

     part for which all grant applicants request approval; and
       ``(2) which areas of such State have the greatest need for 
     such services.
       ``(b) The Secretary shall, in considering applications for 
     grants under section 311(a), give priority to--
       ``(1) eligible applicants who have demonstrated experience 
     in providing services to runaway and homeless youth; and
       ``(2) eligible applicants that request grants of less than 
     $200,000.''.

     SEC. 205. AUTHORITY FOR TRANSITIONAL LIVING GRANT PROGRAM.

       Section 321 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5714-1) is amended--
       (1) in the heading by striking ``purpose and'',
       (2) in subsection (a) by striking ``(a)'', and
       (3) by striking subsection (b).

     SEC. 206. ELIGIBILITY.

       Section 322(a)(9) of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5714-2(a)(9)) is amended by inserting ``, and the 
     services provided to such youth by such project,'' after 
     ``such project''.

     SEC. 207. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS FOR RESEARCH, EVALUATION, 
                   DEMONSTRATION, AND SERVICE PROJECTS.

       Section 343 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5714-23) is amended--
       (1) in the heading of such section by inserting 
     ``evaluation,'' after ``research,'',
       (2) in subsection (a) by inserting ``evaluation,'' after 
     ``research,'', and
       (3) in subsection (b)--
       (A) by striking paragraph (2), and
       (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (10) as 
     paragraphs (2) through (9), respectively.

     SEC. 208. TEMPORARY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS TO PROVIDE 
                   SERVICES TO YOUTH IN RURAL AREAS.

       Section 344 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5714-24) is repealed.

     SEC. 209. SEXUAL ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM.

       Section 40155 of the Violent Crime Control and Law 
     Enforcement Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-322; 108 Stat. 1922) 
     is amended to read as follows:

     ``SEC. 40155. EDUCATION AND PREVENTION GRANTS TO REDUCE 
                   SEXUAL ABUSE OF RUNAWAY, HOMELESS, AND STREET 
                   YOUTH.

       ``(a) Authority for Program.--The Runaway and Homeless 
     Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended--
       ``(1) by striking the heading for part F,
       ``(2) by redesignating part E as part F, and
       ``(3) by inserting after part D the following:

              `` `PART E--SEXUAL ABUSE PREVENTION PROGRAM

     `` `SEC. 351. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

       `` `(a) The Secretary may make grants to nonprofit private 
     agencies for the purpose of providing street-based services 
     to runaway and homeless, and street youth, who have been 
     subjected to, or are at risk of being subjected to, sexual 
     abuse.
       `` `(b) In selecting applicants to receive grants under 
     subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to non-
     profit private agencies that have experience in providing 
     services to runaway and homeless, and street youth.'.
       ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 389(a) of 
     the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5751), as 
     amended by section 213 of the Juvenile Crime Control and 
     Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997, is amended by adding at 
     the end the following:
       `` `(4) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry 
     out part E such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 
     1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001.' ''.

     SEC. 210. ASSISTANCE TO POTENTIAL GRANTEES.

       Section 371 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5714a) is amended by striking the last sentence.

     SEC. 211. REPORTS.

       Section 381 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5715) is amended to read as follows:


                               ``reports

       ``Sec. 381. (a) Not later than April 1, 1999, and at 2-year 
     intervals thereafter, the Secretary shall submit, to the 
     Committee on Education and the Workforce of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
     Senate, a report on the status, activities, and 
     accomplishments of entities that receive grants under parts 
     A, B, C, D, and E, with particular attention to--
       ``(1) in the case of centers funded under part A, the 
     ability or effectiveness of such centers in--
       ``(A) alleviating the problems of runaway and homeless 
     youth;
       ``(B) if applicable or appropriate, reuniting such youth 
     with their families and encouraging the resolution of 
     intrafamily problems through counseling and other services;
       ``(C) strengthening family relationships and encouraging 
     stable living conditions for such youth; and
       ``(D) assisting such youth to decide upon a future course 
     of action; and
       ``(2) in the case of projects funded under part B--
       ``(A) the number and characteristics of homeless youth 
     served by such projects;
       ``(B) the types of activities carried out by such projects;
       ``(C) the effectiveness of such projects in alleviating the 
     problems of homeless youth;
       ``(D) the effectiveness of such projects in preparing 
     homeless youth for self-sufficiency;
       ``(E) the effectiveness of such projects in assisting 
     homeless youth to decide upon future education, employment, 
     and independent living;
       ``(F) the ability of such projects to encourage the 
     resolution of intrafamily problems through counseling and 
     development of self-sufficient living skills; and
       ``(G) activities and programs planned by such projects for 
     the following fiscal year.
       ``(b) The Secretary shall include in the report required by 
     subsection (a) summaries of--
       ``(1) the evaluations performed by the Secretary under 
     section 386; and
       ``(2) descriptions of the qualifications of, and training 
     provided to, individuals involved in carrying out such 
     evaluations.''.

     SEC. 212. EVALUATION.

       Section 384 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5732) is amended to read as follows:


                      ``evaluation and information

       ``Sec. 384. (a) If a grantee receives grants for 3 
     consecutive fiscal years under part A, B, C, D, or E (in the 
     alternative), then the Secretary shall evaluate such grantee 
     on-site, not less frequently than once in the period of such 
     3 consecutive fiscal years, for purposes of--
       ``(1) determining whether such grants are being used for 
     the purposes for which such grants are made by the Secretary;
       ``(2) collecting additional information for the report 
     required by section 383; and
       ``(3) providing such information and assistance to such 
     grantee as will enable such grantee to improve the operation 
     of the centers, projects, and activities for which such 
     grants are made.
       ``(b) Recipients of grants under this title shall cooperate 
     with the Secretary's efforts to carry out evaluations, and to 
     collect information, under this title.''.

     SEC. 213. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       Section 385 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5751) is amended to read as follows:


                   ``authorization of appropriations

       ``Sec. 389. (a)(1) There are authorized to be appropriated 
     to carry out this title (other than part E) such sums as may 
     be necessary for fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and 2001.
       ``(2)(A) From the amount appropriated under paragraph (1) 
     for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve not less than 
     90 percent to carry out parts A and B.
       ``(B) Of the amount reserved under subparagraph (A), not 
     less than 20 percent, and not more than 30 percent, shall be 
     reserved to carry out part B.
       ``(3) After reserving the amounts required by paragraph 
     (2), the Secretary shall reserve the remaining amount (if 
     any) to carry out parts C and D.
       ``(b) No funds appropriated to carry out this title may be 
     combined with funds appropriated under any other Act if the 
     purpose of combining such funds is to make a single 
     discretionary grant, or a single discretionary payment, 
     unless such funds are separately identified in all grants and 
     contracts and are used for the purposes specified in this 
     title.''.

     SEC. 214. CONSOLIDATED REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS.

       The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) 
     is amended by inserting after section 384 the following:


                 ``consolidated review of applications

       ``Sec. 385. With respect to funds available to carry out 
     parts A, B, C, D, and E, nothing in this title shall be 
     construed to prohibit the Secretary from--
       ``(1) announcing, in a single announcement, the 
     availability of funds for grants under 2 or more of such 
     parts; and
       ``(2) reviewing applications for grants under 2 or more of 
     such parts in a single, consolidated application review 
     process.''.

     SEC. 215. DEFINITIONS.

       The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) 
     is amended by inserting after section 385, as added by 
     section 214, the following:


                             ``definitions

       ``Sec. 386. For the purposes of this title:
       ``(1) The term `drug abuse education and prevention 
     services'--
       ``(A) means services to runaway and homeless youth to 
     prevent or reduce the illicit use of drugs by such youth; and
       ``(B) may include--
       ``(i) individual, family, group, and peer counseling;
       ``(ii) drop-in services;
       ``(iii) assistance to runaway and homeless youth in rural 
     areas (including the development of community support 
     groups);
       ``(iv) information and training relating to the illicit use 
     of drugs by runaway and homeless youth, to individuals 
     involved in providing services to such youth; and
       ``(v) activities to improve the availability of local drug 
     abuse prevention services to runaway and homeless youth.
       ``(2) The term `home-based services'--
       ``(A) means services provided to youth and their families 
     for the purpose of--
       ``(i) preventing such youth from running away, or otherwise 
     becoming separated, from their families; and
       ``(ii) assisting runaway youth to return to their families; 
     and
       ``(B) includes services that are provided in the residences 
     of families (to the extent practicable), including--
       ``(i) intensive individual and family counseling; and
       ``(ii) training relating to life skills and parenting.
       ``(3) The term `homeless youth' means an individual--
       ``(A) who is--
       ``(i) not more than 21 years of age; and

[[Page H5203]]

       ``(ii) for the purposes of part B, not less than 16 years 
     of age;
       ``(B) for whom it is not possible to live in a safe 
     environment with a relative; and
       ``(C) who has no other safe alternative living arrangement.
       ``(4) The term `street-based services'--
       ``(A) means services provided to runaway and homeless 
     youth, and street youth, in areas where they congregate, 
     designed to assist such youth in making healthy personal 
     choices regarding where they live and how they behave; and
       ``(B) may include--
       ``(i) identification of and outreach to runaway and 
     homeless youth, and street youth;
       ``(ii) crisis intervention and counseling;
       ``(iii) information and referral for housing;
       ``(iv) information and referral for transitional living and 
     health care services;
       ``(v) advocacy, education, and prevention services related 
     to--

       ``(I) alcohol and drug abuse;
       ``(II) sexually transmitted diseases, including human 
     immunodeficiency virus (HIV); and
       ``(III) physical and sexual assault.

       ``(5) The term `street youth' means an individual who--
       ``(A) is--
       ``(i) a runaway youth; or
       ``(ii) indefinitely or intermittently a homeless youth; and
       ``(B) spends a significant amount of time on the street or 
     in other areas which increase the exposure of such youth to 
     sexual abuse.
       ``(6) The term `transitional living youth project' means a 
     project that provides shelter and services designed to 
     promote a transition to self-sufficient living and to prevent 
     long-term dependency on social services.
       ``(7) The term `youth at risk of separation from the 
     family' means an individual--
       ``(A) who is less than 18 years of age; and
       ``(B)(i) who has a history of running away from the family 
     of such individual;
       ``(ii) whose parent, guardian, or custodian is not willing 
     to provide for the basic needs of such individual; or
       ``(iii) who is at risk of entering the child welfare system 
     or juvenile justice system as a result of the lack of 
     services available to the family to meet such needs.''.

     SEC. 216. REDESIGNATION OF SECTIONS.

       Sections 371, 372, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, and 386 of the 
     Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 U.S.C. 5714b-5851 et 
     seq.), as amended by this title, are redesignated as sections 
     381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, and 388, respectively.

     SEC. 217. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.

       Section 331 of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act (42 
     U.S.C. 5701 et seq.) is amended in the 1st sentence by 
     striking ``With'' and all that follows through ``the 
     Secretary'', and inserting ``The Secretary''.
  TITLE III--REPEAL OF TITLE V RELATING TO INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL 
                    DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAMS

     SEC. 301. REPEALER.

       Title V of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
     Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5681 et seq.), as added by Public Law 
     102-586, is repealed.
                      TITLE IV--GENERAL PROVISIONS

     SEC. 401. EFFECTIVE DATE; APPLICATION OF AMENDMENTS.

       (a) Effective Date.--Except as provided in subsection (b), 
     this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take 
     effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
       (b) Application of Amendments.--The amendments made by this 
     Act shall apply only with respect to fiscal years beginning 
     after September 30, 1997.
                   TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS AMENDMENTS

     SEC. 501. NATIONAL RESOURCE CENTER AND CLEARINGHOUSE FOR 
                   MISSING CHILDREN.

       (a) Alternative Authorization of Appropriations.--There is 
     authorized to be appropriated to The National Center for 
     Missing and Exploited Children, a nonprofit corporation 
     organized under the laws of the District of Columbia, 
     $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1998, 1999, 2000, and 
     2001 to operate a national resource center and clearinghouse 
     designed--
       (1) to provide to State and local governments, public and 
     private nonprofit agencies, and individuals information 
     regarding--
       (A) free or low-cost legal, restaurant, lodging, and 
     transportation services that are available for the benefit of 
     missing children and their families, and
       (B) the existence and nature of programs being carried out 
     by Federal agencies to assist missing children and their 
     families,
       (2) to coordinate public and private programs which locate, 
     recover, or reunite missing children with their legal 
     custodians,
       (3) to disseminate nationally information about innovative 
     and model missing children's programs, services, and 
     legislation, and
       (4) to provide technical assistance and training to law 
     enforcement agencies, State and local governments, elements 
     of the criminal justice system, public and private nonprofit 
     agencies, and individuals in the prevention, investigation, 
     prosecution, and treatment of missing and exploited child 
     cases and in locating and recovering missing children.
       (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 404(b) of the Missing 
     Children's Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5773(b)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``, shall'',
       (2) in paragraph (1)--
       (A) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``shall'' after 
     ``(A)'', and
       (B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``coordinating'' and 
     inserting ``shall coordinate'',
       (3) in paragraph (2) by inserting ``for any fiscal year for 
     which no funds are appropriated under section 2 of the 
     Missing and Exploited Children Act of 1997, shall'' after 
     ``(2)'',
       (4) in paragraph (3) by inserting ``shall'' after ``(3)'', 
     and
       (5) in paragraph (4) by inserting ``shall'' after ``(4)''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Riggs] and the gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez] 
each will control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs].
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, combating juvenile crime is one of our most important 
domestic priorities, and it is an issue that has received a great deal 
of attention in recent months, both in this body and across the land.
  Earlier this spring, the House of Representatives overwhelmingly 
passed H.R. 3, sponsored by the gentleman from Florida [Mr. McCollum], 
my good friend. This was the Committee on the Judiciary bill that 
focused on the punishment of juvenile offenders through graduated 
sanctions and greater accountability for those offenders and their 
parents or guardians. At that time when we were debating the McCollum 
bill, many Members expressed a need to balance punishment with 
prevention. The bill before us today on the floor does just that.
  Mr. Speaker, I want Members to know at the outset that Republicans 
want to control juvenile crime using a balanced approach which focuses 
on prevention and accountability and helping young people turn their 
lives around. As we have said all along, we have to balance harshness 
with hope through an approach that is tough on punishment but smart on 
prevention.
  H.R. 1818 will assist States and local communities to develop 
strategies to combat the juvenile crime wave through a wide range of 
prevention and intervention programs. This juvenile crime wave has been 
called by some demographers, some criminologists, a time bomb waiting 
to go off if we fail to deal with the problem in an adequate manner.
  H.R. 1818 is a bipartisan bill. It was the result of many hours of 
discussions involving the gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez], 
ranking member of the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth and 
Families that I chair, the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott], who 
played a lead role in crafting this legislation, the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood] and myself.
  The legislation also reflects information gathered during 
subcommittee hearings, meetings with individuals in the juvenile 
justice community, and individual visits to juvenile facilities and 
prevention programs around the country. It draws, as well, from 
recommendations of the Clinton administration and bills introduced by 
other Members of both parties. This is good policy. It is a carefully 
constructed balance among the range of views on this issue.
  H.R. 1818 streamlines current law, reduces burdensome State 
requirements, and provides States and local community-based providers 
with greater flexibility in addressing juvenile crime. It acknowledges 
that the most successful solutions to juvenile crime are developed at 
the State and local level by those who understand the unique 
characteristics of youth and of the juvenile crime problem in their 
area.
  One of the most important features of this legislation is the 
creation of a new prevention block grant to States. All of the current 
discretionary programs, the separate categorical programs, are 
consolidated into this prevention block grant to the States. States and 
local communities are provided broad discretion in how to use the funds 
from this block grant. I would, however, hope that States would 
continue the same level of active partnership between the State and 
local governments and private nonprofit community-based organizations 
that has typified the administration of this act in the past.
  For example, H.R. 1818 allows the use of funds for intervention and 
prevention activities such as antigang programs; mentoring, which we 
have

[[Page H5204]]

found to be one of the most successful means of diverting young people 
who are already in the juvenile justice system or young people at risk 
of coming into contact with the system from a life of crime; 
educational assistance; and job training and employment services. It 
also allows funds to be used for the development of systems of 
graduated sanctions and additional probation officers to monitor youth 
to assure that they abide by the terms of their probation.
  Both of these activities are in fact forms of prevention. They are 
forms of prevention targeted at minor offenders, targeted at diverting 
those minor offenders from the justice system before they graduate to 
adult crimes and adult prisons. While the bill outlines a number of 
successful approaches for reducing and preventing juvenile crime, it 
does not limit the types of prevention activities carried out by local 
communities.
  Mr. Speaker, another very important part of this legislation is the 
reauthorization of the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act. These effective 
programs work to protect youth by keeping them off the streets, away 
from criminal activities and out of desperate circumstances. The act 
has been successful in meeting the needs of runaway and homeless youth 
and in reunifying these youth with their families.

                              {time}  1230

  I realize concerns have been raised concerning the elimination of the 
Independent Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention. The committee report accompanying H.R. 1818 clearly points 
out that we expect the administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice 
and Delinquency Prevention to continue coordinating efforts among 
Federal departments and agencies which work with at-risk or delinquent 
youth. The report further states that nothing in the law would prevent 
the administrator from creating an informal coordinating council.
  However, I would like to note that another available mechanism to 
achieve the creation of an official coordinating council would be for 
the President to establish such a council through an Executive Order.
  Mr. Speaker, many members of our staff and the administration have 
contributed to our success today in moving this bill forward. The very 
fact we are able to move this bill forward on the Suspension Calendar, 
which is normally reserved for noncontroversial legislation, is a 
testament to the cooperative and bipartisan efforts of all parties 
involved. While it is impossible to thank everyone who has contributed 
to this legislation, there are several people who have been 
instrumental in helping us arrive at a consensus. I particularly want 
to thank our very dedicated staff members, Lynn Selmser, who is seated 
next to me, Erika Otto, Dan Dodgen, and Cheryl Johnson of the 
committee's majority and minority staff, Denise Forte with the 
gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott] and Judy Borger with the gentleman 
from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood].
  I also want to acknowledge the strong personal interest that Attorney 
General Reno took in this juvenile delinquency prevention legislation 
early on and express my appreciation to her deputy, Shay Bilchik, who, 
as the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention, made a tremendous contribution to this legislation and 
whose advice was invaluable in crafting this legislation. I also want 
to extend the same recognition to John Wilson, Deputy Administrator, 
for his valuable contribution to the legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I believe the bill before us today provides the missing 
link in our efforts to combat juvenile crime. Combined with H.R. 3, it 
provides a balanced approach to addressing problems related to juvenile 
crime in our country, and it therefore deserves our strong support and 
commitment.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume 
and I rise in support of this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, for as long as I have been in Congress, Republicans and 
Democrats have consistently differed on the right way to combat crime, 
especially juvenile crime. I experienced this difficulty as the last 
subcommittee chairman that reauthorized this act back in 1992. 
Fashioning bills related to crime which can gain the support of both 
parties was and still is extremely difficult.
  The difference of opinion on how we can effectively combat crime, 
whether through prevention and early intervention or hard sanctions, 
consistently has divided our parties. As a Member who strongly believed 
in early intervention and primary intervention, I can attest to the 
great debate over these differences.
  Having said this, though, I must admit I am truly amazed we are here 
today with a bipartisan bill. When the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Riggs], the chairman, first proposed to engage Democrats in bipartisan 
discussions aimed at producing a bill we could all support, I had 
reservations. However, I believe the strong commitment of the chairman 
to work with us on the issues that were important to us on this side of 
the aisle is what truly held this process together. As a result, I 
strongly believe that this bill shows that we can work together and 
produce good public policy.
  The legislation we are considering today arguably improves the vital 
provisions of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act. The 
four core mandates of the act are maintained and have been modified in 
such a way to both strengthen the protections they provide and provide 
flexibility to deal with the real-life difficulties of dealing with 
juvenile offenders.
  In addition, a dramatic new step is also taken by the creation of the 
community prevention block grant and the addition of important 
preadjudication based prevention language. This last point is extremely 
important, since we all know an ounce of prevention can result in a 
pound of cure.
  Having extolled the virtues of the bill, I would like to thank my 
colleagues, the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs], the gentleman 
from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood], and the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. 
Scott], and others for working through the many, many differences we 
had on this bill. The hours that we as Members spent and the many more 
hours which the staff spent have obviously produced the bipartisan and 
balanced product that we have all been seeking from the beginning and, 
in my opinion, was, therefore, well worth the efforts. The leadership 
of my colleagues on both sides of this issue has been essential to 
working to striking the compromise that we have reached.
  Having thanked my Republican friends on the other side of the aisle, 
I would especially want to thank and single out the gentleman from 
Virginia [Mr. Scott] for being the true leader on this bill and the 
complex issues surrounding the debates over juvenile delinquency. 
Congressman Scott's leadership and his driving commitment to ensure 
that juveniles who commit delinquent acts are fairly treated was 
invaluable and is reflected in this legislation before us today.
  In closing, I want to thank all Members and suggest that Members 
should realize the importance of this bill and the policies which are 
reflected in it. The strong primary prevention focus of the bill will 
give us the tools needed by those in the field to effectively deal with 
those at risk of committing delinquent acts. With this in mind, I urge 
all Members to vote for this legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania [Mr. Goodling], chairman of the full Committee on 
Education and the Workforce.
  [Mr. GOODLING asked and was given permission to revise and extend his 
remarks.]
  Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, when we began this effort, I told the 
staff to keep working until they could see whether they could satisfy 
the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott], and apparently we have done 
that, and so we are here today.
  Also, when we started, I indicated that we want to deal with juvenile 
crime using a balanced approach, one of prevention and one of 
accountability.
  In 1995, juveniles accounted for 32 percent of robbery arrests, 23 
percent of weapons arrests, 15 percent of rape arrests, 13 percent of 
aggravated assault arrests and 9 percent of arrests

[[Page H5205]]

for murder. Those are pretty serious statistics. We also realized that 
we could not begin to build enough jails to try to deal with that 
issue, and it also would not be very wise to do only that.
  So today we have before us the Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency 
Prevention Act. It is an important bill which not only supports making 
juveniles accountable for their actions but which provides funds to 
States and local communities to design prevention programs to help 
youths turn their lives around.
  Again, we allow the flexibility that we need to allow if local 
entities are going to do the things that have to be done to bring about 
the prevention as well as handling of the juveniles who we have 
difficulty turning around.
  So in this bill we have combined many individual programs, many that 
were so small that they were totally ineffective, many that were 
duplicative and, above all, as I indicated, we give an opportunity for 
the local area to design the programs that they believe will work best 
for that area.
  Mr. Speaker, I encourage all Members to support this legislation.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman 
from California [Mr. Miller].
  Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for 
yielding me this time and I rise in strong support of the Juvenile 
Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act because I believe 
prevention programs that provide help to our troubled at-risk kids are 
key to reducing juvenile crime.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to commend the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Riggs], the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood], the gentleman 
from Virginia [Mr. Scott], the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Martinez], and the staff on both sides for all of the work that they 
have put into this legislation.
  I also support this bill because it retains four core mandates in the 
current law, especially the mandate that conditions funding under the 
bill to a bar on incarcerating juveniles in adult facilities.
  Overall, children in institutions are five times more likely to be 
sexually assaulted, twice as likely to be beaten by staff, eight times 
more likely to commit suicide, and 58 percent more likely to be 
attacked with a weapon than in a juvenile facility.
  Originally the bill provided an exception to that mandate for rural 
areas that I believe did not have enough safeguards; but because of the 
extreme dangers juveniles face in adult facilities and the bar placed 
on this practice for kids in metropolitan areas, I have worked with the 
subcommittee chairman to ensure that the rural exception is used only 
after great consideration and caution, and only under limited 
circumstances.
  In that respect, Mr. Speaker, I would like to engage the subcommittee 
chair in a colloquy, and ask of the chairman whether or not I am 
correct that the chairman's mark incorporates changes that will help us 
achieve those goals of providing for the safety of these people under 
the exception?
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
  Mr. MILLER of California. I yield to the gentleman from California.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding and I want 
to thank him for his contributions to the legislation; and, yes, he is 
correct in his assumption.
  I agree with the gentleman that the rural exception should be just 
that, an exception. The rule under the bill is that a State is in 
compliance if it bars juvenile incarceration in an adult facility that 
exceeds a maximum of 48 hours, excluding weekends and holidays.
  For rural areas, where there is no existing acceptable alternative, a 
juvenile may be placed prior to adjudication and sentencing in an adult 
facility if a number of conditions are met, and the gentleman may want 
to discuss those conditions.
  Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, reclaiming my time, I thank 
the gentleman.
  Again, for a State to be in compliance under the bill, a juvenile in 
a rural area shall be detained in a juvenile facility unless the judge 
consults with the juvenile and his attorney and receives the consent of 
the juvenile's parent, decides that it is in the best interest of the 
juvenile for that child to be housed in a nearby adult facility.
  But such a juvenile may only be incarcerated in an adult facility 
prior to adjudication and sentencing. Additionally, a parent may 
withdraw his or her consent to such an incarceration at any time.
  Again, we intend for the rural exception to be invoked only in very 
limited situations.
  While we have not detailed in the bill the criteria a judge should 
consider before invoking the exception, I will submit for the Record a 
list of criteria we believe that the court should consider.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman will continue to yield, we 
urge the court to use the rural exception carefully, and these criteria 
should provide the court with some assistance in rendering a decision 
on this issue. The committee believes it is important that the court 
consider the criteria in determining the relationship between the 
juvenile and their parents or guardian, the conditions in the jail or 
lockup facility, and the potential impact on the general welfare of the 
juvenile from being housed in such an adult facility.
  Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to have worked with the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Miller] to address his concerns.
  Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, once again reclaiming my time, 
I want to thank the gentleman for his remarks and again I want to thank 
him very much for his willingness to work on these concerns with both 
sides of the committee, and I do believe he has reported to the floor a 
bill that all Members of this House should support.
  The criteria mentioned follows:

              Criteria for Rural Exception Under H.R. 1818

       The court, in deciding whether to place a juvenile in an 
     adult jail, should consider the following:
       The potential impact on the juvenile's general welfare from 
     being housed in an adult facility;
       Whether the nearest juvenile detention facility is so far 
     away as to preclude a parent from visiting the child;
       Whether the child would have to be put into solitary 
     confinement in the adult jail in order to comply with the 
     separation requirements of this title;
       Whether the staff in the adult jail is able to 
     appropriately supervise the child due to training in the 
     supervision of juveniles, and due to relevant staff/inmate 
     ratios;
       Whether, in the adult jail, there are appropriate intake 
     procedures for juveniles, including medical and mental health 
     screening;
       Whether the adult jail would provide needed services for 
     the child, especially educational services, social services 
     and mental health services;
       Whether there is a classification system in the adult jail 
     that allows vulnerable juveniles to be separated from violent 
     offenders; and
       Whether the juvenile's counsel will have access to the 
     juvenile to prepare properly for adjudicatory or other 
     proceedings.

  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 10 seconds to also recognize 
Alex Nock, a staff member with the office of the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Martinez]. That was an oversight on my part when we 
were citing the individuals, particularly at the staff level, who have 
made real contributions to this legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from Nebraska 
[Mr. Barrett], a distinguished member of the committee.
  Mr. BARRETT of Nebraska. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for 
yielding me this time.
  Mr. Speaker, this legislation provides relief for small rural law 
enforcement offices, while also protecting the rights of juveniles 
during presentencing.
  States are currently required to remove juveniles from adult jails, 
and often juveniles arrested in rural areas have to be transported at 
great distances to jails that are far away, or perhaps far away from 
the families as well, and also at great local cost to taxpayers.
  As has been indicated, particularly in the colloquy, under H.R. 1818 
juveniles could be held in adult jails for longer periods of time if 
the parents and the court agree. An attorney for the juvenile can 
represent the concerns of the juvenile, but the ultimate decision 
rests, again, with the parents and the court. Now, the bill would 
continue the current requirement for sight and sound separation from 
adults.

[[Page H5206]]

  Rural areas have been struggling for a long time to meet the 
requirements of existing law, often at the expense of providing needed 
prevention services to troubled youth. The bill would provide rural 
areas with flexibility to provide prevention programs and also hold a 
troubled youth in a local jail during presentencing.
  Mr. Speaker, the House should pass H.R. 1818.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman 
from Virginia [Mr. Scott].
  Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, as many of my colleagues are aware, I have 
been actively involved in this issue of juvenile crime, both as a 
member of the Committee on Education and the Workforce and on the House 
Committee on the Judiciary.
  From the outset of this discussion, I have said that Congress has a 
decision to make in fighting youth violence, and that is we can either 
play politics or we can reduce juvenile crime. H.R. 1818, I am happy to 
say, reflects a bipartisan desire not to play politics by codifying 
sound bites, instead it reflects a bipartisan commitment to reducing 
crime by funding proven crime prevention programs.
  Mr. Speaker, we know that prevention programs work. We know that they 
often save more money than they cost. Head Start, for example, saves 
money by reducing the need for remedial education, welfare; in crime, 
Job Corps saves money by increasing employment and reducing crime; drug 
rehabilitation programs have been shown to save $7 to $10 for every 
dollar put in the program by reducing crime in health care expenses.

                              {time}  1245

  So we know of prevention programs that work to reduce crime and save 
money. This bill encourages communities to review the available 
research, to develop a crime prevention plan and to fund these 
prevention programs, programs that will help communities in their fight 
against crime and programs that are cost effective. Communities across 
the country are already doing this and they are seeing results.
  In addition to the emphasis on prevention, H.R. 1818 keeps intact 
several important principles of juvenile justice. Since 1974, there 
have been concerted efforts to provide fundamental protections for 
youth who come into contact with the juvenile justice system.
  Many may not know that prior to 1974 it was common practice to lock 
up youth who commit what are called status offenses, noncriminal acts 
such as running away or being truant. These children, who had not 
committed crimes and were often in need of social services and not 
punishment, they were being locked up, often in adult jails. As a 
result, kids were increasingly at risk of assault or committing 
suicide.
  The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act was enacted in 
1974 to provide protection for children in these circumstances. The act 
required States to divert status offenders from the juvenile criminal 
system and place them in community-based alternatives where they would 
receive the appropriate interventions and appropriate services.
  Due to the enactment of this law, the number of children committing 
suicide in detention has decreased dramatically. I applaud the 
cosponsors of the bill for this fundamental protection. This decision 
did not come easily.
  But in May of this year, the House Subcommittee on Early Childhood, 
Youth and Families heard unanimous, passionate, and eloquent testimony 
on this very issue from a bipartisan panel of witnesses. They implored 
us not to turn the clock back on these children and to maintain the 
current law, that no status offenders should be locked up.
  H.R. 1818 maintains this protection and continues the underlying 
principle that no juveniles should be locked up with adults. These 
principles are the heart and soul of the act of 1974, and H.R. 1818 
makes sure that there is no change.
  Finally, Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the gentleman from California 
[Mr. Riggs] for his bipartisan leadership and also the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania [Mr. Goodling], the gentleman from Missouri [Mr. Clay], 
and my other colleagues, the gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez], 
the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood], the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Miller], and the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Payne] 
for their contributions and for the contribution of our staffs.
  I urge all of my colleagues to vote for this bill. This is a vote for 
prevention and a vote to take politics out of the debate on juvenile 
crime.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood], another member of the committee and one 
of the original bipartisan cosponsors of the legislation, and I want to 
thank him again for his role in helping to craft the legislation.
  Mr. GREENWOOD. Mr. Speaker, the juvenile judges of the juvenile 
courts in this country face a wide variety of young people. Sometimes 
brought before them are teenagers who already, because of the brutality 
of their upbringing, the deprivation of their upbringing, are so 
violent and vicious and predatory that they may in fact not be able to 
be redeemed or rehabilitated; and for the benefit and safety of 
society, they indeed do need to be locked away, sometimes for the rest 
of their lives.
  Other kids come before the courts who, because of their immaturity, 
because of lack of proper parental guidance, have done some stupid 
things, got in trouble with the law, and these kids need to be treated 
firmly, but they need to be treated fairly and we need to see that they 
are steered away from a life of crime.
  Some of the group of kids come before the courts because they have 
committed status offenses, something that would not be a crime if they 
were adults, but they are chronic truants, they run away from home. And 
they do that for a lot of reasons, and the courts need to decide 
whether this is a child who is simply incorrigible and needs some 
firmness, or whether this is a kid who is running away from abuse at 
home and needs to be protected from his or her own parents.
  This act needs to thread that needle. This act needs to balance all 
those considerations, and we in the Congress have to give the State 
juvenile court judges the latitude they need. I think we have done 
this, and I would like to commend the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Riggs], the chairman of the subcommittee, for his excellent work, the 
gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott], the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Martinez], the gentleman from California [Mr. Miller], and all the 
others. In all of our deliberations, never once did I feel that any of 
the participants were grandstanding or trying to politicize the issue. 
These are all Members who care deeply about children, and this product 
shows that and I would commend it to my colleagues.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
Massachusetts [Mr. Delahunt].
  Mr. DELAHUNT. Mr. Speaker, I rise to strongly support this bill 
because I prosecuted violent criminals for more than 20 years; and 
unlike the juvenile crime bill we passed last May, I know this bill 
will work. It will reduce violence because instead of dictating policy 
from Washington, it relies on balanced, proven local initiatives which 
have worked in the real world, and it focuses on preventing crime, 
which is the best use of tax dollars.
  In Boston, this balanced approach has already worked. Boston has not 
had a single juvenile homicide for more than 2 years. Yet the 
Washington-imposed mandates in the bill passed last May would preclude 
Boston and most other cities and towns in this Nation from even 
applying for Federal help.
  Our communities do not need Washington telling them how to reduce 
violence. What they do need is resources to get the job done, and that 
is what this bill is about. I support it, and I want to extend my 
congratulations to the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs], the 
gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez] the ranking member, and the 
gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott] for the fine work and the product 
which they have produced.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from 
Florida [Mr. McCollum], the distinguished chairman of the Subcommittee 
on Crime and the author of H.R. 3, which we have referred to before.

[[Page H5207]]

  (Mr. McCollum asked and was given permission to revise and extend his 
remarks.)
  Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Riggs] for yielding to me, and I want to commend the Committee on 
Education and the Workforce and the subcommittee for this bill today 
that I rise to support, H.R. 1818.
  It is an excellent bill. I believe that H.R. 3 and H.R. 1818 provide 
complements to each other in the juvenile justice system. We passed the 
juvenile crime bill, H.R. 3, back in May. It is designed to fix the 
broken juvenile system, to help the judges and repair the systems that 
are broken in terms of providing accountability and consequences to 
juveniles who commit misdemeanors and who commit even more serious 
crimes.
  Today we are passing a bill which is carefully crafted on the 
prevention side, one that reauthorizes and revitalizes the Office of 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and I think it is a very 
excellent product.
  I would like to remind my colleagues that, unfortunately, one out of 
every five violent crimes in this country are committed by juveniles, 
that more murders are committed by 18-year-olds than any other age 
group the last time that data was collected, and more rapes by 17-year-
olds. Yet we see many young people who come in contact with the 
juvenile justice system who do not have those kinds of crimes. We have 
the truants that we heard about. We have lots who commit misdemeanor 
crimes that are not getting sanctions.

  This bill today would modify some of the onerous burdens that were 
placed on the States in previous law, particularly that with regard to 
sight and sound separation, which resulted in some really unusual 
circumstances where you could not even have a juvenile walk past a 
booking desk where an adult prisoner might be seen; or you could not 
have the same cook, cook the food for juveniles who might cook for an 
adult, even though the child was separated completely from the adult 
prisoner, in a situation like that for presentencing periods or 
whatever it might be. I commend the committee for doing that.
  I also think that the block grant program in this bill is a good 
improvement over the existing law, many kinds of categorical grants 
that were confusing. I believe that more flexibility for the States 
would allow for better results.
  I want to make it explicitly clear that neither H.R. 3, the crime 
bill that passed in May, nor this bill, in any way authorizes or 
encourages housing juveniles with adults. There is a great myth out 
there in some of the op-ed pieces recently that says to the contrary. 
That is simply not true. There is nothing in the Federal system that 
has been changed with regard to current law in this regard.
  To the extent that the language that is used in this bill is any 
different than that which has been used in the past, that is nonsense. 
No regular contact between juveniles and adult criminals during any 
stage of the justice process, pretrial, presentencing, or 
postsentencing, is allowed by H.R. 1818 or H.R. 3.
  Furthermore, I would like to point out that in H.R. 3 we tried to get 
at putting consequences back into the system, the most important part 
of it being consequences for early juvenile delinquent acts, such as 
vandalizing a home or store or spray painting graffiti upon a 
warehouse. Right now, the system is overtaxed and overworked. There are 
not enough probation officers, judges, or detention facilities, and 
these early delinquent acts are not getting the kind of attention they 
need to get.
  In many cases, the law enforcement officers are not even taking those 
vandals and misdemeanor juveniles before juvenile authorities, and when 
they do go before a judge, they do not get any kind of punishment until 
the 10th or 12th appearance. That is wrong. We need to put consequences 
in the act. We need to repair that broken system. It is badly broken 
right now.
  For violent juvenile offenders, less than 10 percent of the violent 
offenders serve a single day in any institutionalized form of 
incarceration outside of the home. That is wrong, and that is what H.R. 
3 is about repairing, as the primary thrust of that bill, not to treat 
juveniles as adults or house them with adults or whatever so much the 
language is about.
  On the other hand, it needs to be complemented, that money, that $500 
million a year in H.R. 3 for helping those juvenile justice systems to 
be repaired in the States needs to be complemented by the prevention 
programs that are here in this bill, to get at those youth primarily 
before they get involved in the juvenile court, and those options that 
are there for juvenile courts to prefer for prevention.
  That is why this bill is so important. It provides that balance that 
is so carefully crafted, as part of $4 billion for at-risk youth that 
is available today in the Federal system. I urge the passage and 
adoption of H.R. 1818, and I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Riggs] for yielding.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Michigan [Mr. Stupak].
  Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Martinez] for yielding me the time.
  Let me compliment everyone who has worked so long and hard on this 
bill to finally bring forth a juvenile justice bill which will focus on 
prevention, early prevention, and early detention if necessary.
  I rise in support of this legislation, and in my support of this 
legislation I have a word of caution for the U.S. Congress, because I 
believe this bill is really a day late and a dollar short. This bill is 
a step in the right direction, although being a small juvenile step. It 
is in the right direction because this bill will address early 
prevention, early detection of juvenile crime.
  Thus far in this Congress what we have seen with the Republican 
majority was H.R. 3, which was passed in May 1997 over strong objection 
on this side of the aisle, because what we did was put $1.5 billion 
over 3 years to lock up everybody.
  Now the Federal Government really has no role in locking up juveniles 
when we only handle about 197 juveniles every year anyway. Where the 
focus should be, and we know these statistics, one out of every five 
juveniles are involved in serious juvenile crime, should be at the 
local level, the local initiative to try to have early prevention and 
early detention.
  It is necessary that we have this type of bill. I wish we would have 
had it earlier. I wish this bill had money placed in it instead of just 
a sum certain, because it is necessary. The only way for people to feel 
safe in their homes and their communities is to prevent crime in the 
first place, prevent it before it occurs, prevent it before the 
juvenile is caught up in a never-ending juvenile justice system, and 
this bill will address that through early intervention.
  So H.R. 1818 takes a step and one of the first steps in prevention 
and early intervention, but it is only a step. When it comes to funding 
it, it just says a sum certain. I am certain, after 12 years of working 
the streets and highways of Michigan in law enforcement, that we will 
never arrest our way out of juvenile crime. We must address it at the 
early initiatives and give flexibility to local units of government for 
local concerns and local needs and local issues.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from 
Connecticut [Mr. Shays].
  Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Speaker, first let me thank the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Riggs], the chairman, and the gentleman from California 
[Mr. Martinez], the ranking member, as well as the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania [Mr. Greenwood], the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott], 
and the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Goodling], the chairman of the 
full Committee on Education and the Workforce. This is a bipartisan 
effort, and it is a recognition that one of the most important things 
we can do is to have preventive programs for our young people.
  I serve a district with 10 communities. There are three major cities, 
the cities of Stamford, Norwalk, and Bridgeport, where we have serious 
juvenile crime problems. If you meet with the chiefs of police of any 
of those three cities, they will tell you one basic thing: ``Give us 
prevention programs for our kids.''
  I attended a Memorial Day parade in Fairfield, CT, a suburban 
community next to Bridgeport, CT. The parade route was lined with 
people and lots of

[[Page H5208]]

kids. Then came the Indian Princesses, the Indian Guides, the Boy 
Scouts, the Girl Scouts, the soccer team, the high school band, the 
junior high school band. It went on for almost 2 hours.

                              {time}  1300

  That kind of parade in the city of Bridgeport would have lasted about 
10 minutes. I think that sometimes, those of us who live in the suburbs 
take these extra curricular programs for granted. In the town of 
Fairfield, the challenge for kids is what don't you do after school. 
They have a tremendous overload of choices. But in the neighboring city 
of Bridgeport, the question is what do you do. A kid in many of our 
urban areas, when 2 o'clock is out, they are out, without adult 
supervision, without the kind of programs we need. I am absolutely 
convinced that preventative programs are the best way to combat crime. 
The city of Bridgeport has a program in Longfellow School. On Saturdays 
they bring kids in to do academic programs and to have some 
recreational programs. All are adult supervised, with discipline and 
rules. The kids hunger for this. They show up in droves. They want to 
be in school on Saturdays. In addition to this kind of program, we 
clearly need to make better use of our schools, before school and after 
school, and that is what this legislation allows as well.
  I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez] for what he has 
done, I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs] for what he has 
done. This is just the beginning. Such sums as are necessary. Now we 
have to go to the Committee on Appropriations and make sure that the 
real sums that are necessary are appropriated.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman 
from the Virgin Islands [Ms. Christian-Green].
  Ms. CHRISTIAN-GREEN. I thank the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Martinez] for yielding me this time to speak in support of H.R. 1818.
  Just a few months ago, Mr. Speaker, this Congress missed an 
opportunity to pass a bill that would have controlled and prevented 
juvenile crime, and voted instead for a misguided, punitive one which 
ignored input from experts and communities and which sought to employ 
measures that have been proven not to work in preventing juvenile crime 
and delinquency.
  In H.R. 1818 we are given something rare today, another chance to do 
the right thing. The bill I rise to support today, H.R. 1818, 
incorporates key programs which we have been implored to implement by a 
broad cross-section of America, prosecutors, corrections officers, 
police, community organizations, public health officials, family 
oriented groups, young people and, most poignantly and convincingly, 
parents of murdered children.
  H.R. 1818 contains funding for States and communities to support 
prevention programs. It provides for research and technical assistance 
to those communities. It understands and treats children as children 
and protects them from incarceration with adults. It recognizes that 
minorities are disproportionately incarcerated and in part funds States 
based on their initiatives to address this inequity.
  During debate on H.R. 3, our Republican colleagues said time and time 
again that they would support this prevention bill when it came to the 
floor.
  Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to be here today to speak in support of 
H.R. 1818, and I urge all of my colleagues, including those on the 
other side of the aisle who said they would, to vote yes for this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, it breaks my heart that this bill would come too late 
for young people like Albert Nicholas and Rashawn Lewis from my 
district. But if we pass H.R. 1818 today, it will not be too late for 
millions of our other children who cry out for our help. The time is 
now for us to reclaim our children and our neighborhoods rather than to 
allow our future leaders to become victims of a system that has failed 
them.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
North Carolina [Mr. Watt].
  Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, as vigorously as I rose in 
opposition to the juvenile crime bill, H.R. 3, do I rise in support of 
this bill, which authorizes prevention programs that will prevent 
juvenile crime rather than reacting after the fact when it is too late.
  My colleagues should understand that this is just the first step. 
This is an authorizing bill that has no money in it. So the challenge 
going forward will be to make sure that moneys are devoted to fund the 
programs in this bill instead of taking all of the money and putting it 
in support of H.R. 3, the crime prevention bill, which would provide 
more jails and more punitive sanctions against young people. If we do 
not pay the price in advance to prevent crime, we can never build 
enough prisons to accommodate it.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman 
from Texas [Ms. Jackson-Lee].
  (Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas asked and was given permission to revise 
and extend her remarks.)
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, may I commend the gentleman 
from California [Mr. Riggs], the gentleman from California [Mr. 
Martinez], and the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott] for a 
commendable job on recognizing that juvenile crime can be prevented and 
can be reduced. The Rand study says in fact that early intervention 
programs can prevent as many as 250 crimes per $1 million spent. 
Therefore, I rise to support vigorously H.R. 1818, the Juvenile Crime 
Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997, which will help Texas.
  Mr. Speaker, I would like to continue this discussion by entering 
into a colloquy with the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs]. I wish 
to engage in this colloquy because I appreciate that this bill reaches 
out to communities and States on the issue of juvenile crime 
prevention. In particular, in Texas there is now a center devised for 
the study and prevention of juvenile crime and delinquency at Prairie 
View A&M University. This center will have an impact on Houston, the 
surrounding community, and Texas. According to the center's key 
objectives, they want to conduct and evaluate research, provide degree 
programs, continuing education, training, and serve as an information 
source, along with collaborating with communities, State agencies, and 
private entities to implement programs and policies to target 
prevention of juvenile crime.
  I see this bill as a light at the end of the tunnel because its 
provisions on juvenile delinquency and crime prevention, block grant 
programs, research evaluation, technical assistance training, and 
training in technical assistance are the kind of provisions that would 
allow this center to apply for grants under this particular 
legislation. That will move our communities closer to really solving 
juvenile crime by early intervention and prevention.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, will the gentlewoman yield?
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I yield to the gentleman from California.
  Mr. RIGGS. I thank the gentlewoman for yielding and I appreciate her 
bringing to our attention the good work that Prairie View A&M 
University is doing. The gentlewoman is exactly right. What they are 
proposing would fulfill some very important functions under this 
legislation, such as conducting academic programs, conducting policy 
research and developing and assisting with community outreach programs 
focused on the prevention of juvenile violence, crime, drug use, and 
gang-related activities. The gentlewoman is correct. We look forward to 
working with her and with Prairie View A&M as this legislation is 
implemented.
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from 
California [Mr. Riggs], the gentleman from California [Mr. Martinez], 
and the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Scott] for this innovative 
legislation, and as a member of the House Judiciary Committee, chair of 
the Congressional Children's Caucus, and a member of the Democratic 
Caucus Juvenile Task Force, I believe this bill is the right direction 
that should be taken for long-lasting solutions to the problem of 
rising juvenile crime.
  I commend Mr. Riggs, Mr. Martinez, and Mr. Scott for their 
outstanding work.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 1818, the Juvenile Crime 
Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997. As Chair of the 
Congressional Children's Caucus, I believe that promoting the solution 
for preventing juvenile crime is the most valid approach. My 
colleagues, reducing and preventing juvenile

[[Page H5209]]

crime is one of the most critical issues facing our Nation today. H.R. 
1818, the Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997 
is important to helping us address the rising crime problem facing our 
America's youth. It is a balanced bill which provides the States with 
the tools they need to help troubled youth.
  H.R. 1818 is a step in answering the need for effective prevention 
programs to stop young people from engaging in delinquent activities in 
the first place and to prevent those youths already in the juvenile 
justice system from committing additional, more serious offenses. By 
investing in strong prevention programs, we can help our young people 
turn their lives around. The vast majority of at-risk and delinquent 
youth, if provided early with care, support, appropriate discipline and 
real opportunities, can grow up to be responsible citizens.
  Earlier this year, the House considered and passed H.R. 3, directed 
at increasing the penalties for juvenile crime. H.R. 1818 is the 
critical companion to H.R. 3. It helps in providing a more balanced 
approach to juvenile crime and provides the prevention component of a 
comprehensive approach to addressing juvenile crime.
  Across America, violent crime committed by and against juveniles is a 
crisis that threatens the safety and security of communities and the 
future of our children. In 1995, law enforcement agencies in the 50 
States made approximately 2 million arrests of persons under age 18. 
This is a 28-percent increase from the more than 1.5 million arrests 
made in 1985. During this period, juvenile arrests for both violent and 
nonviolent offenses increased significantly
  Sanctions are only one part of the solution to this crisis. As one 
parent who had just lost his 10-year old daughter to murder recently 
stated, ``stopping crime by using more prisons is like trying to cure 
death by using more cemeteries.''
  Most public policy analysts argue that early prevention programs 
offer the best hope to stem juvenile crime. They emphasize the 
importance of better schools and more job training, recreation, and 
mentoring programs. Such initiatives provide children with positive 
role models and increase economic opportunities.
  Dozens of crime prevention programs across the country have been held 
up as successful models. An ongoing program in Orange County, CA--the 8 
Percent Early Intervention Program--has proven remarkably successful in 
reducing repeat offenses. The Orange County program calls for screening 
delinquents to identify children likely to go on to more serious crime. 
This is typically 8 percent of the children who pass through the 
juvenile system. The program targets resources to those children--
including intensive delinquency supervision and such services as 
mentoring and tutoring. Over the last few years in Orange County, this 
program is credited with reducing repeat offenses by 50 percent--at 
one-third the cost of incarceration.

  In Dallas, police noted a 26-percent decrease in juvenile arrests due 
to a Cooperative Gang Prevention Program that focuses on education, 
counseling, recreation services, and job training to reduce crime. In 
Fort Worth, TX after implementing a Gang Prevention and Intervention 
Program city-wide gang related crimes declined 30 percent from the 
previous year. In Yakima, WA, increases in youth violence led to the 
creation of a Gang Intervention/Intervention Coalition to provide 
positive opportunities for youth through community centers. In the 
neighborhoods where the coalition is active, youth violence has 
decreased by 80 percent in a 3 year period.
  In fact, studies show that prevention not only works but is far more 
cost-effective than incarceration in reducing the rates of juvenile 
crime. A study by the Rand Corp., titled ``Diverting Children from a 
Life of Crime, Measuring Costs and Benefits,'' is the most recent 
comprehensive study done in this area. The Rand study determined that 
early intervention programs can prevent as many as 250 crimes per $1 
million spent. In contrast, the report said investing the same amount 
in prisons would prevent only 60 crimes a year. In California, research 
on delinquency programs in California indicated that $1.00 spent on 
prevention programs resulting in savings of $1.40 to the juvenile 
justice and law enforcement systems alone.
  My colleagues, all the evidence highlights the fact that prevention 
is effective in reducing and preventing juvenile crime. Juvenile crime 
and violence can be reduced and prevented, but doing so will require a 
long-term vigorous investment. H.R. 1818 is an excellent first 
installment in that investment. I urge my colleagues to support this 
very important legislation.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
Texas [Mr. Lampson].
  Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 1818. I 
bring the attention of this body to title 5 of the bill. The bill will 
provide $5 million per year for the next 4 years for the National 
Center for Missing and Exploited Children. The National Center has done 
many things that I discovered after the loss of a child to a murder in 
my district. The National Center uses pictures of missing children and 
family members to create age progression likenesses to help locate 
growing children who have been missing for years. It has an 
international office to work with law enforcement overseas to locate 
children taken to other nations. Their Internet site has a 
comprehensive data base of missing children including pictures. That 
site is hit over a half-million times a day.
  Since its inception in 1984, the National Center has helped recover 
over 35,000 missing children and reunited them with their families. The 
stories of these recoveries are absolutely overwhelming. As chairman of 
the Congressional Missing and Exploited Children's Caucus, I can assure 
my colleagues that funding for the National Center is money well spent. 
I thank the committee for its support and I ask my colleagues to please 
support this bill.
  Mr. MARTINEZ. Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of my time to the 
gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. Vento].
  (Mr. VENTO asked and was given permission to revise and extend his 
remarks.)
  Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this 
time, and I rise in support of this legislation. I will place in the 
Record an editorial that was in the local Minnesota papers concerning 
the importance of prevention.
  It is time to quit putting the problems on the conveyor belt and quit 
reacting. I think this provides an opportunity for proactive focused 
activities for the Boys and Girls Clubs for a myriad of different 
programs. It is interesting to note that so many of our professionals 
in law enforcement today, whether first prosecutors, whether police 
officers, cops on the beat, are recognizing the importance of 
prevention in terms of dealing with our escalating juvenile crime 
problems.
  Prevention works. Let's invest in kids--the extended school day and 
year, the extracurricular activities, sports programs, summer jobs--and 
keep them on the positive path and off the conveyor belt of juvenile 
delinquency by enacting H.R. 1818.

                 [From the Star Tribune, July 15, 1997]

              Juvenile Crime--Don't Wait for Kids To Stray

       The bleeding hearts have been saying it for years: If you 
     want to curb crime, you can't just punish the guilty. You've 
     also got to invest in the innocent. But that proposition can 
     no longer be dismissed as liberal claptrap, and it's no 
     longer just a theory. The vast majority of America's police 
     chiefs believe that helping children get a good start in life 
     prevents crime, and hard evidence shows they're right.
       This truth deserves mention now because Congress is on the 
     verge of ignoring it. Lawmakers in both chambers are pushing 
     juvenile-crime bills that would pour a torrent of money into 
     prisons, punishment and prosecution, and only a dribble into 
     crime prevention.
       That unbalanced recipe may feed the public appetite for 
     retribution, but it won't be satisfying over the long haul. A 
     flood of research points to the folly of putting so many eggs 
     in the punishment basket. A Rand Corp. study released last 
     year, for instance, found that imprisonment is among the 
     lamest and least economical of crime-fighting strategies.
       A new lobbying group called Fight Crime: Invest in Kids 
     insists that riding that lame horse amounts to being soft on 
     crime. Led by some of the nation's top police chiefs and 
     prosecutors--as well as crime survivors like Marc Klaas, 
     father of young murder victim Polly Klaas--the group is 
     pushing anticrime approaches proven to work well. The list 
     includes enrolling at-risk kids in Head Start, matching up 
     troubled parents with parenting coaches, assigning mentors to 
     delinquent teens, nudging damaged families into therapy and 
     luring restless latchkey kids into meaningful after-school 
     activities.
       Practical souls that they are, you'd think lawmakers would 
     seize upon such tactics. No such luck. The House juvenile-
     crime measure, passed in May, expressly forbids the use of 
     its funds for crime prevention. And though a similar bill now 
     spinning through the Senate Judiciary Committee would allow 
     some block-grant spending on prevention, it so far does 
     nothing to require such investment. The upshot, some 
     onlookers fear, could be a net reduction in federal dollars 
     spent on prevention--and a consequent upturn in youth crime.
       Certainly Congress intends no such calamity. That is why 
     its members should take a lesson from the nation's leading 
     law-enforcers, who know a thing or two about fighting crime. 
     In a poll of police chiefs conducted

[[Page H5210]]

     last year by Northeastern University's Center for Criminal 
     Justice Policy Research, nine of 10 favored investing more in 
     prevention programs.
       No thoughtful person would dispute the need to lock up 
     violent lawbreakers. But only an ostrich would settle for a 
     juvenile-crime bill that serves that need alone. What is 
     missing from the congressional approach is balance. To fight 
     juvenile crime effectively, this country must focus not just 
     on its most dangerous young people, but also on its most 
     vulnerable.

  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  Mr. Speaker, I just want to point out again to my colleagues that not 
only does this bill have bipartisan support in the House, it has the 
support of numerous organizations interested in the prevention of 
juvenile crime including the National District Attorneys Association, 
the National Collaboration for Youth representing American Red Cross, 
Big Brothers, Big Sisters, the Boys and Girls Club of America, Boy 
Scouts, Girl Scouts, YMCA, YWCA of America, the National Association of 
Homes and Services for Children, One-to-One, the National Mentoring 
Partnership, and the National Network for Youth.
  This is a bipartisan bill that also has the support of the 
administration, as I indicated earlier. I urge my colleagues to support 
this legislation. This is the important prevention component, the 
missing piece, if you will, to our national effort to reduce juvenile 
crime and help youth turn their lives around so they can go on to lead 
a successful and prosperous adult life.
  Mr. CLAY. Mr. Speaker, today, I rise to support H.R. 1818, the 
Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997. This 
reauthorization bill is based on well-founded public policy. The bill 
balances the needs of juveniles and society at large by promoting 
quality prevention programs and programs that assist in holding 
juveniles accountable for their actions.
  Most importantly, the bill retains a fundamental tenet of the 
juvenile justice system, namely that juvenile delinquents shall not be 
jailed with adult criminals. Not surprisingly, research demonstrates 
that juveniles jailed in adult prisons are more likely to commit 
serious crimes after their release. In separating juveniles from adult 
criminals, we not only save children from life-threatening 
circumstances, we also reduce crime.
  This reauthorization bill strengthens the mandate requiring States to 
reduce the disproportionate number of minorities confined in jails and 
other secure facilities. State are required to reduce minority 
overrepresentation by addressing both the lack of prevention programs 
in minority communities and by addressing racial bias within the 
juvenile systems.
  In addition, the bill provides that employees shall be treated in a 
fair and equitable manner, and that there shall be no diminution of 
employment rights, including the continuation of collective bargaining 
rights. The American people deserve assurances that taxpayer funds will 
not be used to undermine existing labor standards.
  I would like to thank Chairman Riggs, ranking member Martinez, and 
Representative Scott for their many hours of work toward producing this 
truly balanced legislation. Given the choice between playing politics 
and reducing crime, I am glad that my colleagues chose to reduce crime.
  Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 1818, the Juvenile 
Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act.
  This bipartisan legislation provides us with a balanced approach to 
addressing juvenile crime, and endorses the concept of holding 
juveniles accountable for their crimes while also providing for 
prevention programs that can help young people turn their lives around.
  This legislation is particularly important for States that have large 
rural areas like Delaware.
  Under current law, States are required to remove juveniles from 
facilities which also house adult prisoners. While present law provides 
a limited exception for rural areas, in some instances it requires 
juveniles in rural areas to be transported great distances to 
facilities far from their families.
  Under this legislation, juveniles can be held for longer periods of 
time if their parents and the court agree and the judge believes the 
placement is in the best interest of the juvenile. Though this 
provision will probably see limited use, it provides long-needed relief 
for rural areas like those in my State.
  This bill also contains a provision that I am particularly proud of.
  H.R. 1818 incorporates a bill I sponsored to give the National Center 
for Missing and Exploited Children funds to serve as the Nation's 
primary resource center for child protection.
  For more than 13 years, the National Center has been instrumental in 
locating and recovering missing children and preventing child 
abductions, molestations, and sexual exploitations.
  The center has worked with clearinghouses in all 50 States in 
locating over 35,000 children and preventing child abductions, 
molestations, and sexual exploitations.
  One of the National Center's success stories hit very close to my 
home. Just last month it assisted local authorities in the recovery of 
two missing Delawareans, who were located in Florida.
  Mr. Speaker, by adequately funding the National Center for Missing 
and Exploited Children, we can solidify our resources, hone our message 
and assure every family and every law enforcement agency that we are 
committeed to long-term child protection.
  I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 1818.
  Mr. BLUMENAUER. Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1818 provides States with needed 
flexibility in addressing juvenile crime, and for that reason, it has 
my support.
  But this bill is, at best, a partial solution. In a country where 
kids and guns are a deadly combination, any juvenile justice bill which 
fails to deal with access to guns is seriously flawed.
  Earlier this year, the House had a chance to pass meaningful 
legislation that would have addressed this problem. By adding a simple 
child safety lock provision to the juvenile crime bill, we would have 
taken a significant step toward reducing access to guns and to 
dramatically reducing the number of accidental gun deaths in this 
country.
  But that vote never happened, thanks to pressure on the Republican 
leadership from the national gun lobby. And so a gun lock amendment, 
supported by 80 percent of the American people, still has yet to be 
directly voted upon by this House.
  This is an astonishing failure for this House. Shootings are now the 
fourth leading cause of accidental death of children, and for every 
child killed, four more are wounded. This is a national tragedy, and 
the House is doing nothing about it.
  While the House continues to bury its head in the sand, a group of 
concern citizens in my district is taking matters into their own hands. 
Together, we've organized the Oregon Safe Handgun Storage Coalition, 
composed of people and organizations concerned about this problem. 
Partnering with a similar coalition in King County, WA, the Oregon 
coalition is made up of a highly unusual mix of doctors, nurses, law 
enforcement officials, sporting good stores, neighborhood associations, 
gun safety advocates, and gun owner organizations. These organizations 
may disagree on some issues relating to gun ownership, but they all 
agree on these points: Guns and kids don't mix, and gun owners need to 
child proof their homes by safely securing firearms.
  The Oregon Safe Handgun Storage Coalition has the support of people 
and organizations across the political spectrum who are willing to work 
together in an attempt to reduce violence in our community. It is 
uniting parties on both sides of the gun control issue, by stressing 
one common concern--the safety of our children.
  Mr. Speaker, hopefully this House will vote on a gun lock amendment 
this year, but failing that, I encourage Members to start similar 
coalitions in their districts. By working together, we can do more than 
merely address the problem of juvenile crime, we can prevent it in the 
first place.
  Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, juvenile crime is a problem that should 
concern all Americans. As a doctor of obstetrics I have enjoyed the 
privilege of bringing more than 3,000 new lives into the world, I know 
there are few things more tragic than when a young person disregards 
the rights of their fellow citizens and jeopardizes their own future by 
engaging in criminal activity. Furthermore, as the number and severity 
of crimes committed by juvenile offenders increase, juvenile crime 
becomes a greater threat to the social order.
  Therefore, no one can argue the need for action taken to discourage 
juveniles from embarking on criminal careers. However, the voluntary 
actions of private individuals, supported by local communities and 
State governments, are much more capable of preventing juvenile crime 
than the Federal Government. Individuals acting at the local level know 
the needs of the youths in their community much better than Washington 
bureaucrats, so they can best develop programs that effectively prevent 
children from engaging in criminal activity.
  Unfortunately, the Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention 
Act--H.R. 1818--furthers Congress' unconstitutional interference in 
crime control and prevention by dictating the nature and shape of 
juvenile crime programs for each of the 50 States. Therefore, Congress 
should reject H.R. 1818 and instead repeal all mandates that interfere 
with the States' sovereign right to conduct juvenile prevention 
programs, and defund all Federal crime control and prevention programs, 
in order to return money and, at the same time authority, for juvenile 
crime prevention where it

[[Page H5211]]

constitutionally belongs: To the States or to the people.
  H.R. 1818 provides States with--two Federal block grants for juvenile 
crime, a formula--part B--grant and a prevention--part C grant. Some 
proponents of the act claim that this bill is worthy of support as it 
loosens the chains on State juvenile prevention programs imposed by 
previous Congresses. However, any federally imposed mandate, no matter 
how flexible, violates the 10th amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
  The 10 amendment limits the Federal Government to those functions 
explicitly enumerated in the Constitution. Other than in these few 
areas, the States are sovereign. Therefore the Federal Government has 
no authority to finance or manage State programs regarding social 
problems such as juvenile crime.
  Block grants may appear to allow for greater State autonomy than 
programs directly controlled by Washington, but they still involve 
Federal control and, more importantly, financing. Taxing the people of 
Texas to pay for programs in New York or Montana is an insult to the 
Constitution and the donor States.
  Under the part B mandate, States must comply with four core Federal 
mandates to receive Federal tax dollars. The Federal Government would 
have the power to reduce a State's funding if a State failed to comply 
with one of these mandates. When the Federal Government assumes the 
power to reduce funding according to the State's level of compliance 
with the Federal mandates, it transforms the relationship between the 
States and the Federal Government from one of two sovereign entities 
into one resembling that of a teacher scolding a disobedient pupil.
  Furthermore, Federal mandates employ a one-size-fits-all model, which 
ignores differences between individual States and between various areas 
within a State. For example, there may be areas that will incur 
tremendous costs in removing a juvenile from an adult facility within 
48 hours. Complying with this Federal mandate may thus divert an area's 
resources from other projects that may better serve the needs of that 
particular jurisdiction's youth.
  H.R. 1818 also lists permissible uses for which the States may expend 
their federally provided funds. One of these permissible uses of 
Federal funds is for programs aimed at preventing hate crimes by 
juveniles. Preventing crimes based on prejudice is certainly a worthy 
goal, however, by punishing certain crimes more harshly than others 
because of this motivation, the government is, in effect, punishing 
people for holding certain views. Punishment for one's thoughts, as 
distinct from one's actions, is in conflict with the constitutional 
guarantees against government restrictions on freedom of speech and 
thought. Federal tax money certainly should not be spent to encourage 
localities to disregard the first amendment in the name of crime 
control.
  H.R. 1818 also encourages States to create a system of records for 
juvenile criminals similar to that kept by each State on adult 
criminals, including the transmission of those records to the FBI. 
Given the recent controversy over the misuse of FBI files, all citizens 
should be wary of expanding the records kept on private citizens by the 
FBI, particularly given the conspicuous lack of language in the bill 
guarantying that someone who committed a crime as a juvenile but 
reformed oneself to become a respected member of the community will not 
be haunted by his past because some vengeful person acquired his FBI 
file.
  H.R. 1818 also provides States with a second block grant, not 
contingent upon compliance with the four Federal mandates. Under this 
block grant, States distribute their funds to local governments and 
private organizations to run prevention programs. While States do not 
have to comply with any specific Federal mandates to receive these 
funds, they do have to submit a plan to the Federal Government for 
approval.
  States may distribute funds only to those local governments that have 
taken the time and effort to prepare a comprehensive plan for combating 
juvenile crime. Organizations with prevention programs that wish to 
receive Federal funding must submit a plan to their local unit of 
government. Organizations must meet the goals of the local plan and 
include the goals of the program, the means of measuring their goals, 
and any research relied upon in developing their application. Before 
they can begin serving children, after the local government approves 
the plan, it must be submitted to the State government for approval. If 
the State government approves the plan, the operations may begin. 
Surely, States, communities, and local citizens could design a less 
bureaucratic system to help get funds to worthy programs serving 
juveniles than the system outlined in this bill.

  Among the organizations that may apply for funding under H.R. 1818 
are faith-based organizations. I have little doubt that instilling a 
child with a deep and abounding faith is, second to a loving family, 
the best way to ensure that child refrains from criminal activities. 
However, allowing faith-based organizations access to Federal taxpayer 
dollars may change those organizations into lobbyists who will 
compromise their core beliefs rather than risk alienating Members of 
Congress and thus losing their Federal funds. Thus, allowing faith-
based organizations to receive Federal funds may undermine both future 
attempts to reduce the Federal role in juvenile crime and undermine 
America's tradition of nonestablishment of religion.
  The drafters of the Bill of Rights knew quite well that it would be 
impossible for a central government to successfully manage juvenile 
prevention programs for as large and diverse a country as America. The 
founders also understood that Federal involvement in crime prevention 
and control would lead to a loss of precious liberty.
  The current system of sending money to Washington, only to return it, 
in part, to the States, local communities, and individual citizens, 
serves only to drain resources away from those best able to create and 
manage effective juvenile crime programs; people at the local level who 
know best the needs of the children in that area.
  Forcing States to comply with Federal mandates and forcing local 
providers to comply with Federal paperwork requirements is a further 
waste of valuable resources that could be used to directly benefit the 
area's youth.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 1818 insults the constitutional sovereignty of the 
individual State, and continues Federal involvement in crime prevention 
and control. Therefore, all Representatives who support the Federal 
system as specified in the original Constitution should oppose the 
Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act.
  Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the 
Juvenile Crime Control and Deliquency Act of 1997, a bill that 
comprehensively addresses the rise in youth-related violence.
  I am pleased to join the chairman of the subcommittee, Mr. Riggs of 
California, as an original cosponsor of this measure. The result of 
bipartisan efforts, H.R. 1818 is a balanced bill that combines firm 
efforts to hold youths accountable for theie actions, while promoting 
measures that work toward the prevention of juvenile delinquency. The 
combination of accountability measures and promising new prevention 
programs is, in my view, the proper approach to take.
  As juvenile crime has increased throughout communities across the 
Nation, including some of the communities in my congressional district, 
it is the emphasis on prevention that will truly reduce the number of 
youths who commit acts of violence. In this way, H.R. 1818 puts forth 
measures that genuinely address the social and economic root causes of 
youth crime.
  H.R. 1818 assists State and local governments by providing them with 
the resources and the flexibility to effectively face the challenge of 
youth crime through the development of programs for runaway and 
homeless youth, as well as programs for the recovery of missing and 
exploited children.
  However, while it is important to intervene in the lives of at-risk 
youth before they become involved with the criminal justice system, it 
is also essential to address the needs of those juveniles already in 
the system.
  Mr. Speaker, this bill places the responsibility for developing 
intervention programs on local communities. The potential for 
innovatible community based programs for rehabilitation of youth, as 
provided by this bill, is critical to the prevention and control of 
juvenile crime. These programs include treatment for victims of child 
abuse, mentoring services, youth clubs, recreation, peer counseling and 
teaching, educational programs, as well as job training and employment, 
in addition to numerous other anticrime related services.
  Intervention programs for at-risk youth have been proven in several 
studies to be cost-effective in reducing crime rates. They clearly 
reduce crime and save taxpayers' money.
  That, Mr. Speaker, should be the bottom line for this reauthorization 
legislation; reduce crime and save taxpayers' money.
  Mr. MINGE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with regard to H.R. 1818, the 
Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997. Recently 
I was contacted by local officials from Lyon County, MN, who wish to 
build a juvenile detention center with four beds. Lyon County is a 
rural community in my district that is populated by approximately 
25,211 people in 708 square miles with the closest metropolitan area, 
Minneapolis and St. Paul, located about 150 miles away.
  It is economically infeasible for Lyon County to build a juvenile 
detention center unless staff can be shared and the juvenile detention 
center can be co-located with the jail. Under current law, the sharing 
of staff between these two types of institutions is prohibited. The 
county officials have been frustrated by this law, because it is 
inefficient and costly for the county to hire individuals to deal 
solely with juvenile offenders, as the county rarely needs to house 
more than two juvenile as a time.

[[Page H5212]]

  Transporting juveniles to beds in other areas has also proven 
inefficient. It is estimated that Lyon County will spend about $50,000 
in programming and transport costs to send minors to other detention 
centers in Minnesota next year. Lyon County sheriff deputies are known 
to spend up to 8 hours a day transporting juveniles from their proper 
facilities to court appearances, as these facilities can be as far as 
188 miles away. Costs accumulate with overtime and mileage for the 
deputy who is unable to provide law enforcement while on the road. The 
juvenile in transport spends time in transport that could be spent in 
treatment.
  I am pleased that H.R. 1818, the Juvenile Crime Control and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1997, establishes greater flexibility for 
States in dealing with juvenile crime. H.R. 1818 gives the State 
authority from the Federal level to permit a co-located jail and 
juvenile detention center to share staff if the personnel have been 
trained to deal with both adults and juveniles by a legitimate State 
program and parental consent and court approval have been given. I 
believe this legislation provides the flexibility needed to help 
America's rural communities address juvenile crime appropriately.
  Mr. DAVIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 
1818, the Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act. This 
bill will give States the flexibility and resources they need to best 
address the problem of juvenile crime.
  Earlier this year, we passed a bill intended to strengthen the 
penalties for those juveniles who have committed crimes. I supported 
that legislation because I believe the rising rate of serious crimes 
committed by juveniles warrants tougher penalties and strengthened 
prosecution and some States, such as Florida, have already demonstrated 
success in expediting the prosecution of juvenile criminals. That bill, 
however, only addressed those juveniles who have already committed 
crimes. This bill aims to prevent youth from entering the justice 
system in the first place.
  H.R. 1818 recognizes that the solutions to the problem of juvenile 
crime are best designed at the State and local level. The role of the 
Federal Government should be to provide communities with the 
information, flexibility, and resources they need to craft 
comprehensive prevention plans which include education, mentoring, 
work, boot camps, or other programs which would best address particular 
community's needs. In my conversations at home with police officers and 
not for profits, I hear over and over again that the Federal Government 
shouldn't micromanage this issue, we should work in concert with State 
and local governments, providing them the resources and flexibility 
they need to continue their efforts.
  This bill will do exactly that and as a cosponsor, I urge all of my 
colleagues to support H.R. 1818.
  Mr. ABERCROMBIE. Mr. Speaker, today I rise in strong support of H.R. 
1818, the Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1997. Earlier this year, the House considered and passed H.R. 3, the 
Juvenile Crime Control Act of 1997, which is directed at increasing the 
Federal penalties for violent juvenile crime. H.R. 1818 provides a 
complement to H.R. 3. It provides the prevention component of a 
comprehensive approach to addressing juvenile crime. This bill proves 
that both sides can work together and craft a balanced approach to 
juvenile crime. I am proud to be a cosponsor of it.
  H.R. 1818 makes a number of changes to current law to increase the 
flexibility of States to treat status offenders in the most appropriate 
manner. For example, it retains the four core requirements of the 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 and slightly 
modifies three of them. The core requirement mandating States to reduce 
the disproportionate number of minorities confined in secure facilities 
was strengthened and clarified. H.R. 1818 requires States to reduce 
disproportionate minority confinement by addressing both delinquency 
prevention efforts and system improvement efforts. However, it 
prohibits the establishment of numerical standards or quotas. The 
measure tries to ensure that prevention efforts are targeted to 
communities where a disproportionate number of minorities are committed 
to the juvenile justice system. H.R. 1818 also altered the sight and 
sound separation requirement to prohibit regular contact, but allow for 
supervised, incidental contact such as passing in a hallway. This does 
not mean that Congress is reducing its focus on this important core 
requirement.
  Last, the core requirement that prohibits the housing of juveniles in 
adult facilities was modified to build additional flexibility into the 
law by extending the period of time for which juveniles can be held in 
a facility with adults, prior to an initial court appearance, to 48 
hours, excluding weekends and holidays. States must still enforce the 
sight and sound separation requirement. In addition, it allows 
juveniles to be held for longer periods of time in facilities with 
adults in rural areas as long as there is no existing acceptable 
alternative placement, the parent or legal guardian of the juvenile 
involved consents, and it is approved in advance by the court. Such 
placement is, however, required to be reviewed periodically, at 
intervals of not more than 5 days for the duration of the detention or 
confinement to ensure it is the appropriate placement for such youth. 
Also, courts are urged to use this exception carefully.
  Compliance with the four core requirements is still Congress' goal. 
H.R. 1818 tries to make it easier for States to comply with the core 
requirements by allowing States to receive 50 percent of the formula 
money and the other 50 percent depending on their compliance with the 
four requirements. Under current law, if a State is not in compliance 
with the four requirements, then it loses all of the formula money.
  In addition, H.R. 1818 consolidates current discretionary programs 
into a flexible block grant program entitled the Juvenile Delinquency 
Prevention Block Grant Program. In order for a State to receive any 
money under the prevention block grant, States must participate in the 
formula grant program and agree to use 95 percent of the funds they 
receive to fund local projects. H.R. 1818 also requires States to 
develop a plan to reduce and prevent juvenile crime with the assistance 
of community-based organizations and organizations in the local 
juvenile justice system which carry out programs, projects, or 
activities to prevent juvenile delinquency.
  The block grants will be allocated in the following manner: 50 
percent on the basis of how many people in the State are under the age 
of 18, and the other 50 percent on the annual average number of arrests 
for serious crimes committed in the eligible State by juveniles. The 
prevention block grant will help juvenile justice officials in Hawaii 
and in other States fund prevention programs, substance abuse programs, 
support programs for children who have little or no family life, and 
programs that would give State court judges an alternative program to 
deal with certain juvenile offenders instead of sending them to 
correctional facilities.
  Everyone here knows that the nature of juvenile crime has changed 
drastically over the years. We have only to look through the paper to 
see younger people committing more violent crimes. Today's youths need 
to understand that they will be punished accordingly for crimes 
committed. However, that is only half of the battle. It is our duty to 
reach to our children, to get them involved in their communities, and 
to prevent them from taking part in dangerous activities in the first 
place. H.R. 1818 is an important component in our fight to meet this 
new challenge. It will help States prevent, reduce, and control 
juvenile crime. I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 1818.
  Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 1818, the 
Juvenile Crime Control and Delinquency Prevention Act. Juvenile crime 
is one of the most serious problems facing our communities, especially 
law enforcement officers. No population poses a larger challenge to 
public safety than juvenile criminals. Between 1965 and 1993, the 
number of 12-year-olds arrested for violent crimes rose 211 percent, 
the number of 13- and 14-year-olds rose 301 percent, and the number of 
15-year-olds rose 297 percent.
  This dramatic increase has put a severe strain on our States' 
juvenile crime system because the overwhelming majority of juvenile 
offenses are handled by State, not Federal authorities. Very few 
juveniles who commit crimes wind up in the Federal courts. This 
legislation is a good step toward empowering States with more tools to 
fight this growing problem, while also ensuring that we do not give up 
on young offenders by exposing them to hardened adult convicts.
  H.R. 1818 would consolidate the various Department of Justice 
juvenile programs into one State block grant program. Texas and other 
States would have the ability and flexibility to target at-risk youth 
to deter them from entering a life of violence and crime. I believe 
this is the right approach to addressing the very difficult problem of 
juvenile crime. There is no single answer to this problem, and we must 
provide States with both the resources and the flexibility to develop 
their own approaches so that we can test various strategies and 
determine what works best. Harris County, TX, for example, is using a 
$1.4 million Federal grant to expand a boot camp program designed to 
reform at-risk, nonviolent juvenile offenders in the Houston area and 
free up prison and jail space for the most violent criminals. Such boot 
camps have proven to be successful and cost-effective alternatives to 
reduce criminal behavior and get young people back on the right track.
  This legislation will strengthen the Federal Government's role as a 
partner in these innovative State and local efforts to fight crime and 
help high-risk youth. It will give States and localities necessary 
assistance with a range of programs, including prevention and effective

[[Page H5213]]

punishment and rehabilitation targeted to getting young people back on 
track to productive lives.
  Again, I rise in strong support of this bill and I urge my colleagues 
to support this valuable piece of crime legislation.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Calvert). The question is on the motion 
offered by the gentleman from California [Mr. Riggs] that the House 
suspend the rules and pass the bill, H.R. 1818, as amended.
  The question was taken.
  Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 5 of rule I and the 
Chair's prior announcement, further proceedings on this motion will be 
postponed.

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