[Congressional Record Volume 143, Number 98 (Friday, July 11, 1997)]
[Extensions of Remarks]
[Pages E1399-E1400]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
THE BWCA WILDERNESS LEGACY ACT
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HON. BRUCE F. VENTO
of minnesota
in the house of representatives
Thursday, July 10, 1997
Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, today I am introducing the BWCA Wilderness
Legacy Act. This legislation provides further protections for the
Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in northeastern Minnesota. This
Forest Service wilderness area is the most popular, most widely used
wilderness area in our entire National Wilderness System.
The National Government has always recognized the Boundary Waters
Canoe Area Wilderness [BWCAW] as a special area and a unique national
treasure. From the designation of the Superior National Forest by
President Teddy Roosevelt, to the inclusion of the Boundary Waters
Canoe Area in the original Wilderness Act by Senator Hubert Humphrey,
the BWCAW has been singled out as an area worthy of special attention
and preservation.
That special attention has been worthwhile for our Nation, for
Minnesota, for northeastern Minnesotans, and for all those families who
have used and enjoyed the BWCA Wilderness. The BWCAW is the most widely
used of all our units within the National Wilderness System. While the
BWCAW makes up only 1 percent of the total Wilderness System acreage,
this alone accounts for over 10 percent of the use.
This level of use provided a real economic boost to northeastern
Minnesota. According to U.S. Forest Service testimony before a Senate
Energy and Natural Resources Subcommittee, the BWCAW and its users
contribute nearly $30 million to the local economy each year.
Unfortunately, the popularity of the BWCAW has also necessitated
reasoned and increased restrictions and protections for the resource,
due to the fact that the BWCAW is such a highly fragile resource that
cannot withstand the trauma of such overuse or abusive use. If the
BWCAW is to be available for the enjoyment of our children and
grandchildren, effective and responsible limits on the use of the
resource and the intrusion of man must be firmly set in place.
The popularity and the competing uses of the BWCAW have engendered
passionate views on this resource and its protection. Today's
controversy and the inability to reach a complete consensus should not
be surprising nor is it a new phenomena. The BWCAW has been the focus
of some controversy throughout its history. Every effort at preserving
the BWCAW for the enjoyment of future generations has been met by
strong opposition. The designation in the 1920's of parts of the
Superior National Forest as primitive and off limits to roads;
President Truman's ban of flights over the BWCAW below 4,000 feet; and
the designation of the area in the 1960's invoked disputes similar to
those we see today. Even the decision in the 1977 Boundary Waters Canoe
Area Wilderness Act to ban logging in the wilderness was hotly
contested. Today these steps are accepted and viewed by most Minnesota
as essential to preserving the wilderness.
Some have tried to portray today's debate over restoring trucks to
two portages in the BWCAW as issues of access and broken promises. That
is not the case. This is not a debate about access to motorized lakes
because motorboats use and access are being accomplished and fully
utilized in accord with the 1978 BWCAW Wilderness Act.
According to the Forest Service, the day use motor permits for
Basswood in 1994 and 1995 were completely used--1,017 day use permits
for the Newton-Pipestone entry point and 1,358 for Prairie Portage. For
Trout Lake, 95 percent of the permits were used in 1994--539 out of 565
permits--with 81 percent used in 1995--456 out of 565 permits. It is
important to note that each permit covers up to four boats. If one
assumes an average of 2 boats per permit, nearly 5,000 motorboats
entered Basswood Lake via the Newton-Pipestone and Prairie Portages
each year under day use permits issued, while approximately 1,000
motorboats entered Trout Lake. As the Forest Service data demonstrates,
even after the trucks were removed from the portages, access to Trout
and Basswood was and is available. For individuals who do not want to
or cannot portage their own boat, commercial portage services are
available for Prairie Portage.
Six-thousand motorboats can't be wrong--a feasible, nonmotorized
means of transporting boats across the portages exist and mechanized
portages should not and need not be reintroduced into the BWCA.
This legislation, which I am introducing today, establishes for
congressional consideration, an alternative policy path and future for
the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. It is a policy course that
emphasizes protection of the wilderness and nonmotorized use over
increased motor use. It is a policy course that, based on last year's
debate, enjoys the support of a broad majority of Minnesotans.
The impact of the BWCA Wilderness Legacy Act is straightforward. This
legislation proposes wilderness addition and protections for 7,400 new
acres in the BWCAW. The bill closes to motorboat use Lac La Croix and
Loon Lake on the western boundary of the BWCA. It also closes,
effective January 1, 1999, all of Sea Gull Lake within the wilderness
to motorboat use. Under the current law only a portion of Sea Gull Lake
is to be closed to motorboat use on that date, the remaining section of
the lake currently is scheduled to remain open for motorboat use.
Finally, the legislation prohibits the use of towboats within the
entire BWCA wilderness.
I understand the strong feelings that all Minnesotans have regarding
the BWCAW. Minnesotans and the Nation view the BWCAW as a national
treasure. All of Minnesota has a stake in and a responsibility toward
the future of the BWCAW. In Minnesota, such stewardship
responsibilities are a serious matter.
[[Page E1400]]
These Minnesotans, an overwhelming majority of the State, support
policies that protect the BWCAW and ensure the this phenomenal resource
is available for more than the instant gratification and pleasure of
solely today's generation. These Minnesotans, in all state-wide polls
and in their letters and comments to me and other members of the State
congressional delegation, have strongly voiced their views that this
fragile resource should be preserved as an valuable wilderness legacy
for today and tomorrow.
The BWCAW Wilderness Legacy Act sets in place the policy path to
accomplish that goal and honor this Minnesota and national sentiment.
BWCA Wilderness Legacy Act
legislative summary
Section 1. Bill Title. The BWCA Wilderness Legacy Act.
Section 2. Congressional findings.
The BWCA offers a unique lakeland experience for present
and future generations. The BWCA is an international,
national and Minnesota treasure worthy of preservation as a
wilderness area. Congress has supported the protection of the
BWCA as a wilderness area. The BWCA is the most widely used
wilderness unit in the entire wilderness system. A majority
of Minnesotans support greater wilderness protection for the
BWCAW. Further protection of the BWCA is necessary.
Section 3. Wilderness Additions.
Expands the BWCA Wilderness by 7,370 acres. The total
wilderness area is increased from 1,087,000 to 1,094,370
acres. (Specific wilderness additions are listed below.)
Section 4. Motorized Use.
Closes all portions of Sea Gull Lake within the wilderness
area to motorized use on January 1, 1999. Closes Lac La Croix
and Leon Lake to motorized use on the date of enactment.
Prohibits the use of towboats within the entire BWCA
wilderness on January 1, 1998.
Section 5. Extends current prohibition on aircraft over the
BWCA to wilderness additions.
wilderness additions--7370 acres
(1) Crocodile Lake Addition. (40 acres)--Far western tip
currently outside border, though the vast majority of
Crocodile Lake lies within the BWCAW. Crocodile lies just
south of popular East Bearskin Lake.
(2) Dislocation Lake Addition. (340 acres)--Off the
Gunflint Trail southwest of Lima Mountain, immediately north
of the Ram Lake BWCA entry point #44. State and federal land
only. Includes Dislocation and Sled Lakes just outside
wilderness border.
(3) Ball Club Lake Addition. (800 acres)--Near Eagle
Mountain, includes BWCA entry point 42. Includes (3) Ball
Club Lake, Ball Club Creek, and Cleaver Lake leading into
BWCA Wilderness.
(4) Lizz Lake Addition. (100 acres)--includes all of Lizz
Lake which is currently half out of the wilderness. All
federal land. On the popular and heavily used canoe route
from Poplar Lake into wilderness; entry point 47.
(5) Meditation Lake Addition. (40 acres)--Located just
southeast of Seagull. Eastern shore of lake outside BWCAW,
western shore within; all federal shoreline. Connected by 20
rod portage to Seagull Lake.
(6) West Round Lake. (240 acres)--All federal land.
Includes all of West Round Lake and Edith Lake on the popular
canoe route from public landing on Round. Entry point 53.
(7) Bedew Lake Addition. (40 acres)--Just north of Rush
Lake and south of Gunflint Trail. Lake currently half out of
the wilderness.
(8) Nighthawk Lake Addition. (30 acres)--Nighthawk Lake
lies SE of Swamp Lake near the Gunflint Trail. Nighthawk Lake
is currently half in, half out of the wilderness.
(9) Camp Lake Addition. (50 acres)--This lake lies west of
Newton Lake. The wilderness boundary currently cuts through
the lake; most of the lake currently lies inside the
wilderness. The addition includes nearly all federal land,
with perhaps just a sliver of county land.
(10) Geraldine Lake Addition. (60 acres)--This lake lies
half in and half out of the BWCAW, just west of the North arm
of Burntside Lake. All federal land, in Sec. 4.
(11) Homer-Brule Addition. (2,880 acres)--North end of the
RARE-II proposed addition. This addition includes all federal
land except for a county 40 on Homer, a county 40 on Axe
Lake, a state 40 on Juno (some already in BWCA), and the
previously private lands (now all federal) on Sky Blue Waters
Lodge site on Brule. Public landing on far east end of Homer
Lake. Nesting site of rare Boreal Owl. Homer Lake currently
half in, half out of BWCA Wilderness. Popular Canoe route,
entry point 40.
(12) Ham Lake Addition. (600 acres)--Entirely federally
owned land. Currently serves as BWCA entry point 51. Includes
all of Ham Lake within wilderness, including four wilderness
campsites on Ham.
(13) Star Lake Addition. (660 acres)--Opposite Homer Lake
across road. All state and federal land; state owns southern
bay.
(14) Stuart Portage Addition. (550 acres)--Protects entire
Stuart River portage; appropriately three-quarters of a mile
from the wilderness boundary to the trailhead.
(15) Mine-Dogleg-Chub Lakes Addition. (940 acres)--Includes
all of these three lakes. Private land around Mine Lake
(Ogelbay Norton) has since been purchased by the Forest
Service through FY 92 LAWCON funds. Site of former Paulsen
Mine, circa 1893. Protests east end of Kekekabic Trail.
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