[Congressional Record Volume 142, Number 85 (Tuesday, June 11, 1996)]
[Senate]
[Pages S6028-S6043]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
TRIBUTE TO SENATOR BOB DOLE
Mr. NICKLES. Thank you, Mr. President. I yield to the Senator from
Kansas, Senator Kassebaum, 5 minutes.
Mrs. KASSEBAUM. Mr. President, I think it is appropriate that Senator
Dole, in one of his last acts of the Senate, introduced legislation to
provide for security of the Medicare trust fund. It was his strong
endorsement and leadership at the beginning of the 1980's that
addressed the solvency of the Social Security system. Just yesterday,
he was instrumental in bringing a number of us together to address the
concerns of health insurance reform. It is my hope we can reach across
the aisle and forge with the administration a lasting piece of
legislation addressing many of the concerns regarding health insurance
reform.
For nearly 18 years, Mr. President, Senator Dole and I have served as
partners in representing Kansas in the U.S. Senate and in working on
many other issues. We have not always agreed, but far more often we
have agreed. More importantly, Mr. President, we have respected each
other's dedication. Today, that partnership ends, at least in its
current form.
[[Page S6029]]
This day creates many mixed emotions. Like others in this Chamber, I
will miss Bob Dole's steady presentation and his can-do attitude that
has helped the Senate through so many rough times. I know Kansans also
view his departure with some trepidation.
At the same time, I believe that Senator Dole has made the right
choice by deciding to focus all of his time, energy, and skill on the
Presidential campaign. It is a mark of his dedication and commitment
that he would give up so much in order to bring his very best to the
challenge at hand. It also, I think, marks his confidence.
In our years together here, Bob Dole and I have created a spirit of
cooperation and teamwork in representing our State. There is no one who
understands middle America and grassroots sentiment better than Bob
Dole. That is where his roots are. We have joined forces many times to
see the needs of Kansans were addressed and that the concerns of
Kansans were voiced clearly and forcefully. I could not have asked for
a better partner in helping me. I hope my support for him in those
efforts has been worthwhile as well.
Our work together has ranged across the spectrum of issues and
problems. Countless hours were spent helping farmers get through the
credit crunch of the 1980's. No one understood that better than Bob
Dole. Today, there are family farms across our State and our Nation who
still work their own lands due to Bob Dole's leadership.
We have gone to bat repeatedly to assist our aviation manufacturers
to get fair treatment in world markets. Today, there are thousands of
aircraft workers producing airplanes that might never have been sold
without Bob Dole's firm hand and persistent efforts. Senator Dole took
the lead in the effort to rebuild McConnell Air Force Base in Wichita,
KS, after a devastating tornado swept through the outskirts of Wichita.
He saw to it that every small town in Kansas had a tornado warning
siren to protect its citizens.
Mr. President, through all of these years, no challenge has been too
large and no concern has been too small for Senator Dole. Our State
motto is ad astra per aspera, ``to the stars through difficulties.'' I
have never known Senator Dole to not look at a challenge and find a way
to address it. He has been a tireless champion for our State in every
farm bill, every tax bill, every bill of any kind that touched Kansas
and, more importantly then, by extension, the Nation. As a direct
result of his efforts, our State is a better place to live, to work,
and to go for school. His legacy is written not merely in laws but in a
better life for every Kansan.
It is with a mixture of regret and pride that I say goodbye to
Senator Dole today. We will miss him deeply. I will miss him most of
all. I know that there is other work for him to do now, other
challenges to be met, and I have no doubt at all that he will do that
job and meet that challenge. Bob Dole is a remarkable man with an
extraordinary life story, yet on this day all I can offer him is a
heartfelt thank you for all that he has done for me and for Kansas and
the Nation.
I yield the floor.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank the Senator from Kansas for her
eloquent remarks. She has known Senator Dole and worked with Senator
Dole maybe closer than any of us over the last several years. She,
likewise, will be retiring this year and certainly will be missed by
all of us in this body. She has brought a certain degree of civility
that is certainly needed in this body. I compliment Senator Kassebaum
for her statement.
Next, I call on Senator Grams from Minnesota.
Mr. GRAMS. I thank the Senator. Mr. President, I want to pay tribute
to a man who, for 20 some years, while in the broadcast news industry,
I used for sound bites and sources of information. I have now had the
pleasure, over the last 2 years, to work with him in the Senate and am
now able to call him a friend.
Bob Dole's name alone stirs up many images among the American people.
Bob Dole--war hero, Congressman, Senator, party chairman, majority
leader, Presidential candidate.
Yet, when I think of Bob Dole, other words come to mind:
midwesterner, mentor, colleague, and most of all, friend. I'm sure that
all of us in this Chamber feel the same way, and today, we honor Bob
Dole, our leader, our distinguished colleague from Kansas, our friend.
As Bob leaves Washington to return home back to the heartland of our
great Nation, I wanted to share some of my thoughts about this man
whose life story and distinguished career reflects the very values we
cherish most as Americans.
Bob was born and raised in Russell, KS--living the small town
American life about which legends are made. His family was not wealthy;
in fact, during the Depression, the Doles, like many families, had to
put together just to make ends meet, moving into the basement of their
home in order to rent out the rest of their house.
As a young man, Bob worked as a popular soda jerk at a local drug
store, learning early on the lessons of hard work, fiscal
responsibility and the value of a hard-earned dollar.
Growing up in Kansas taught Bob the importance of patriotism and
sacrifice. It's not surprising that at the age of 19, Bob answered the
call to serve his country by joining the Army to fight in World War II.
And by now, everyone should be familiar with the story of Bob
crawling out of his foxhole during heavy shelling in the hills of Italy
to save a wounded colleague, only to be hit by Nazi machinegun fire.
There are some for whom love of country and self-sacrifice are just
phrases--words to be used for a holiday speech. For Bob Dole, it is the
standard under which he has led his life--a badge of honor he wears
even today.
The 3 years and nine operations it took for Bob to rehabilitate
required strength and perseverance, a burden too great for some to
carry. But Bob Dole was never one to give up--not even under the most
difficult of circumstances.
His determination to recover and get back on his feet was backed up
by the now-legendary support of his friends, family and community, when
the people of Russell passed around a cigar box to raise the $1,800
needed to pay Bob's medical bills.
Bob has never forgotten their generosity. He still keeps that cigar
box, the receipts and the love and support they represent in his
office, and recalling those days still overwhelms him with heartfelt
emotion.
Upon recovering from his war injuries, Bob wanted to give something
back to his community--he chose public service. Since receiving his law
degree in 1952, public service has been exactly what Bob Dole's life
has been about. Public service has led him all the way to the U.S.
Senate, and now, the White House.
The character traits that Bob Dole learned since his humble
beginnings in small town America have been reflected in his everyday
work as a Senator.
Bob has consistently worked for a Government that serves the people
but is a accountable to the taxpayers who pay for it, and a society
that is based on people helping people without creating a permanent
dependency on Government.
These principles have been apparent in his efforts to balance the
Federal budget, return hard-earned tax dollars to the middle class,
overhaul the welfare system, and preserve programs like Medicare for
generations to come.
I am proud to say that I had the opportunity to stand at Bob Dole's
side during these debates, to have worked with him in making our Nation
a better place for our children and grandchildren.
But Bob has been more than just a colleague--he's been my friend.
When I campaigned for my seat in the Senate, Bob came into Minnesota
five times. As a fellow Midwesterner, Bob knows my State, its people,
and our heritage. Minnesotans like Bob Dole; he is one of us.
Bob's friendship extends beyond the 1994 campaign. Shortly after
arriving in the Senate, I got caught up in one of last year's biggest
fights over national policy: whether or not to include tax cuts in the
budget. I promised the people of Minnesota that I would not support a
budget that did not include tax relief for the middle class.
Bob understood my pledge, and though he could not, as Senate majority
leader, take public sides on the debate, he privately encouraged me to
[[Page S6030]]
stick to my guns, telling me not to give way on my principles. Sure
enough, when the final budget came out, tax cuts were included, thanks
in no small part to Bob Dole's support.
On May 15, I had the opportunity to join many of my colleagues in
standing with Bob again as he announced his resignation from the
Senate. Like many of those who heard the speech, I was moved by his
words, particularly when he said to the American people: ``I will stand
before you without office or authority, a private citizen, a Kansan, an
American, just a man.''
I thought to myself about this man--a man who has served his Nation
in times of war and peace with honor and integrity, who carries through
when he gives his word, who has sacrificed so much of himself for the
country he loves so dearly.
Bob is not a man who learned his political philosophy from a book,
but instead, developed it as the result of his life experiences, from
the people whose lives he has touched and whose lives touch him, and
the commonsense wisdom one can only expect from a son of the Midwest.
It is with this wisdom and the good feelings of all of us who have
known and grown to respect Bob that he closes this chapter of his
incredible life story, only to open a new one--full of the promises and
hope that have marked his life. And while I am saddened to see him go,
I am comforted by the fact that the Senate's loss is the American
people's gain.
I look forward to traveling with Bob across this great country, a
country he has served with distinction throughout his life, and
introducing to the American people, a man I am honored to call my
friend, Bob Dole.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank the Senator from Minnesota for
his comments. I call upon Senator Bennett from Utah for 5 minutes.
Mr. BENNETT. I thank the Senator. Mr. President, we here in the
greater Washington area have been celebrating the remarkable baseball
career of Cal Ripken. I sometimes do not like sports analogies, but I
would like to draw on one relating to Cal Ripken, and other sports
heroes, to give you my take on the majority leader, the Senator from
Kansas, Bob Dole.
We have sports heroes in the various sports that we follow in this
country, who will have a brilliant season, and as a result of that
brilliant season, be all over the papers as a tremendous performer. And
then something happens and they fade from our consciousness.
If I can switch from the Orioles for just a moment and go back to the
New York Yankees, I would like to talk about Roger Maris, who set a
record for the most home runs in a single season. When you think of the
primary home run hitter of the Yankees, you do not think of Roger
Maris, you think of Babe Ruth, or of the modern counterpart to Babe
Ruth, Hank Aaron. Babe Ruth had a brilliant season, with 60 home runs.
But the reason we remember him is because he endured over a long period
of time and set the record for the most home runs in an entire career,
which stood until Hank Aaron came along and did more over an entire
career.
We must judge Senators, public leaders, not on the basis of a
brilliant season, or a brilliant speech, or a brilliant campaign, but
by what they do over a long career.
Bob Dole came to the U.S. Senate in 1969, the year Richard Nixon
assumed the Presidency. I was in Washington at the time and had the
privilege of serving in the Nixon administration. It was known around
town that Bob Dole was the ``rookie of the year.'' Bob Dole was the
brightest star of the new Senators taking office as a result of the
1968 campaign. Now, did he have a single brilliant season? Fast-forward
the tape. In 1976, Bob Dole was chosen as the party's Vice Presidential
nominee. It was not a flash in the pan in his first experience in the
Senate. He was a national figure chosen to be number two on the ticket.
That ticket failed. Did Bob Dole fade? In 1985, after Howard Baker
retired from the Senate, Bob Dole was chosen by his colleagues to be
the majority leader, and then he went on to serve longer in that
position than any other Republican in history.
When we look at this man, we can pick out the brilliant seasons here
and there, but the real legacy of Bob Dole is the long career, putting
together a string of brilliant seasons and a long legacy of service.
I remember, as a new Senator, listening to the then majority leader,
George Mitchell, talk about service in the Senate. He said that it is a
great honor to serve in the Senate of the United States, and that very
few people have had that honor. And then he went on to say, with some
truthfulness and a little wry smile, that many of those people
disappear and are forgotten after they have left the Senate and leave
behind no legacy whatsoever. He said that only a few make a serious
difference by virtue of their service in the Senate. And then he said
that one of those that we serve with, whom we know will be remembered
for his towering contribution--and these are not his exact words, but I
am not doing violence to them--will be Bob Dole.
I thought that was a particularly generous tribute for George
Mitchell to pay to his adversary across the aisle. That comes to mind
now as we contemplate Senator Dole leaving this arena in order to
compete in another. It is not the brilliant season, it is not one
particular campaign, or one particular legislative accomplishment that
we remember. We honor the fact that this man has been at the center of
American politics for longer than any of the rest of us, in a serious
way, in the serious debates, addressing the serious issues.
So we wish him all the best, regardless of party, on a personal
basis, and as a personal tribute to the fact that we have been
privileged to serve with one of the great Americans of our history, the
Senator from Kansas, the majority leader, our friend, Bob Dole.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank the Senator from Utah for his
excellent speech. I appreciate his comments very much. Next, I will
yield 5 minutes to the Senator from Florida.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Florida.
Mr. MACK. Mr. President, I come to the floor of the U.S. Senate today
to bid farewell to a friend, a leader, a colleague, and an authentic
American hero. Bob Dole embodies what is right about America. Seasoned
by the values and humble atmosphere of small-town America, the
experience of war, and perseverance through physical trials, Bob Dole
has earned the respect and admiration of us all.
He is a legendary legislator who is known for his honesty, integrity,
and fair-mindedness. Bob Dole is an authentic war hero who stood on the
front lines in the fight against tyranny and sacrificed so that others
may live in freedom. He understands the commitment and sacrifice
necessary to protect and preserve freedom.
I would like to share a couple of stories with my colleagues, one
having to do with a trip to France back in the mid-1980's. I had an
opportunity to respond to questions from a French audience for almost 2
hours and at the end of that, had the opportunity to ask them a
question. I told them I was going to be returning to America in a few
days, and I wanted to know what they would tell me to tell the people
of Florida about what they thought of our Nation. The first several
people who came and stood up said that we think of America as a great,
dynamic, growing country, and one that is providing opportunities for
millions of Americans.
The third person that stood up was a fellow who was probably his late
seventies or early eighties, a little bit wobbly, steadying himself
with a cane, and looked me square in the eye, and he said, ``When you
go back to America, you tell the people of your country that we will
never forget that it was the American GI that liberated our little
town.''
The second story is the opportunity that I had, along with some of my
other colleagues here on the floor of the U.S. Senate, to be in Italy
with Bob Dole at the time he returned to the battlefield where he was
wounded and stood on the road as he looked over to the area in which he
laid for 9 hours before being rescued. Later, we walked down the street
of this little town where Bob Dole laid a wreath at a monument in
memory of those individuals who gave their lives in defense of freedom
and liberation of Italy. As I stood by his side that day, I truly
understood that this was a man who understood the importance of
freedom; that freedom is the core of all human
[[Page S6031]]
progress, and while the price of freedom may be great, there is no
price so great as the loss of freedom.
We can see the mettle of the man in his decision to leave behind
leadership of the U.S. Senate to pursue the Presidency. He is doing it
because it is simply the right thing to do.
Bob Dole has so much to give America through his experience and his
wisdom. While this is a day of reflection, it is also a day of
anticipation. I am confident that Bob Dole is not done serving his
country, and America will be better for it.
Thank you, Mr. President.
Mr. NICKLES addressed the Chair.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Coverdell). The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank our colleague from Florida.
I yield 5 minutes to the Senator from Texas.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Texas.
Mrs. HUTCHISON. I thank you, Mr. President. I thank the Senator from
Oklahoma.
Mr. President, today we are saying farewell to our leader in the
Senate so that he can become the leader of our Nation and of the free
world. This is a remarkable man who can shoulder this great burden.
This is a man who has shown that he is worthy of our trust. He has kept
his promises to the American people, starting with balancing the
budget. For the first time we are on a track to balancing the budget in
7 years due to the leadership of Bob Dole. It is the first time in 40
years that Congress has made the decision that we must not burden our
children and grandchildren with the kind of debt that has been built up
by Congresses of the past.
This is a man who can be Commander in Chief of our country. He has
respect for our military. He respects the people who have chosen to
protect the freedom of America. He understands the need for peace--not
through unilateral disarmament, but through strength. And he will not
send our troops into harm's way unless there is a U.S. security
interest. He has shown that through his leadership on the Senate floor
to make sure that we do not commit American lives unless there was a
U.S. security interest.
He has fought for the working American family. He grew up in Russell,
KS. He knew poverty. He knew what it was like to struggle to make ends
meet. That is why his priority was tax relief for the hard-working
families of this country such as the $500-per-child tax credit and
homemaker IRA's. It was Senator Dole who led the way for the homemaker
to have retirement security, just like those who work outside the home
do. And it was Senator Dole who passed that bill in Congress only to
have it vetoed by President Clinton. He fought to lower the marriage
penalty because he wants the American family to stay strong.
He has been a leader in the fight for women's health issues. During
his time as majority leader, we have increased the spending for
research on women's health care concerns. He is trying to make sure
that we have a strong health care system--a strong Medicare system that
will be there for those who will need it in the future.
He is fighting for the spirit of entrepreneurship to be kept in this
country because he knows it is the small business people that make the
economy grow and prosper in America and takes the new people into our
system for jobs. He knows that, and that is why he is trying to provide
regulatory relief.
We have passed the free trade agreements, so our small businesses are
going to be able to compete for those jobs. Senator Dole knows, and he
has led the way for regulatory relief for our small business people so
that they will be able to grow.
He has been a defender of private property rights because he believes
in the fifth amendment to the Constitution.
Finally, Mr. President, he has been good for our border concerns. He
is trying to help us deal with the severe problem of illegal
immigration. He is doing that by trying to make sure that we have the
help we need in the border States to meet these terrible issues that
are of such concern to our country right now.
So we are saying goodbye today to our Senate leader, a man who has
proven his mettle time and time and time again; a man who understands
what America is all about and who has voluntarily said that he would
rather be going out across this great country talking to the people who
are working, who know what the problems and concerns are for the
heartland of America. He would rather be out there talking to them one
on one, listening to their concerns and telling them what he would like
to do to make their lives better. He has chosen that over the traffic
of Washington, DC.
He has his priorities straight. He wants to keep the American dream--
his dream that every child in this country will have the same
opportunities that he did to reach his or her full potential, and he
means to make America a place that will allow that to happen.
So we are saying farewell to a Senate leader today, but we are saying
farewell to a leader of this group so that he can take on the greater
challenge with his spirit and his integrity of leading our great Nation
in the free world.
We wish him farewell, and we will be with him out in the heartland of
America talking to the concerns of the people of this country.
Thank you, Mr. President.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank our colleague from Texas for a
beautiful statement.
I now yield 5 minutes to the Senator from Colorado, Senator Campbell.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Colorado.
Mr. CAMPBELL. Thank you, Mr. President.
Mr. President, it is a great honor for me today to join my colleagues
in recognizing the outstanding accomplishments of one of the greatest
Senators in this great institution: Bob Dole.
This is a special day in history for those of us gathered here in
this Senate Chamber. For on this day in 1775, the Continental Congress
did something this body has been doing ever since--it appointed a
committee. We have come a long way since then. But this committee's job
was to write the Declaration of Independence which has protected our
freedom and liberty ever since. The committee was composed of Thomas
Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, and Roger
Sherman. While no congressional committee has ever done a more
important job, Bob Dole's service of 36 years in Congress as
legislator, Finance Committee chairman, and majority leader has had a
profound impact on the course of our Nation.
Although he has worked on behalf of countless individuals, families
and communities, Bob Dole has stood out as a champion of veterans in
Congress. Therefore, as a member of the Veterans' Affairs Committee, I
rise today and join with veterans from across the country and
throughout this Congress in honoring a lifetime of achievement by my
friend--a warrior, a leader, a hero.
In modern times, the word ``hero'' is often bandied around a great
deal. But after much reflection, perhaps Ralph Waldo Emerson's
perception of heroism best describes how so many of us feel about Bob
Dole. Emerson said: ``The characteristic of heroism is its persistency.
The heroic cannot be the common, nor the common heroic.''
Bob Dole is a man who has risen to uncommon and heroic heights. And,
as it is with most heroes, he seldom speaks of his accomplishments.
He represents, I guess, the best of our country's warriors and
heroes. The story of what he went through in 1943 while attending
Kansas University and joining the U.S. Army is legendary. As a second
lieutenant platoon leader, he went into training with the 10th Mountain
Division, which was based in my State of Colorado. Perhaps his only
mistake at that time was not buying the land around the training site,
because that has become what we know as Aspen today. But certainly it
was that highly trained infantry of the 10th Mountain Division that
began the final attack April 14, 1945, which led to his wounds of World
War II. He went off to war to defend the Nation and our freedoms. And,
as a result of that wound, of course, he went through nine operations,
which several other Senators have told about, and 2 years of recovery.
I guess, just to talk about wounds and recovery is one thing, but the
Germans have a saying. They say, ``He who laughs at scars has suffered
no wounds.''
[[Page S6032]]
When we think of the time it cost and the terrible pain Senator Dole
must have gone through, through that recovery time, we know there is a
difference between talking about it and actually going through it.
Bob Dole's legacy as a warrior, hero, and statesman reminds us of
another outstanding American leader, President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Senator Dole, then a member of the Kansas House of Representatives,
first met General Eisenhower on a rain-soaked day in the spring of 1952
when the General returned home to Abilene, KS, to officially launch his
Presidential campaign. It was most fitting, therefore, when Senator
Dole was awarded the Eisenhower Leadership Prize in 1995 by the
Eisenhower World Affairs Institute for lifetime accomplishments which
reflect Eisenhower's legacy of integrity and leadership.
As President Eisenhower said 41 years ago:
Of the nations of today the future will say that there were
two kinds: Those that were intelligent, courageous, decisive
and tireless in their support of high principles--and those
that disappeared from the earth. The true patriots give their
best to assure that our country will also be found in the
first of these categories.
Bob Dole clearly stands among the true patriots.
As a decorated World War II veteran, his service on behalf of our
Nation's veterans can be seen in four major areas: benefits, POW/MIA
issues, education, and health care.
Veterans who have served their country deserve and have earned
quality benefits. Toward this end, the Dole GI bill, introduced in
1995, revamps the veterans benefit program and brings it up to date and
in line with the needs of veterans today.
He also authored legislation in 1996 to create the Veterans
Transition Benefit Commission. Its purpose is to ensure that veterans
leaving the military due to downsizing have access to the necessary
assistance to return to civilian life in the most productive manner.
On the difficult POW/MIA issue, Bob Dole has been in the forefront,
seeking answers and helping families who do not know the fate of their
loved ones. Bob Dole is considered the 1970 founder of the POW/MIA
League of Families. Since then, he has continued to assist families to
get a full accounting and disclosure of the fate of their loved ones.
This past Memorial Day over 100,000 veterans converged in D.C. on The
Mall, as they do every Memorial Day, angry in their belief that many
people in government have abandoned them. Bob Dole has not abandoned
them, nor will he ever abandon the veterans of the United States.
In the area of veterans health, Bob Dole has a special and deeply
personal understanding of the importance of quality health care and the
power of rehabilitation. He has worked to provide a service-connected
presumption for certain diseases, expand the number of disorders for
which former POW's could receive disability compensation.
Although we served in different wars, Senator Dole in World War II
and myself in Korea, we share with all veterans a unique perspective on
life and country. If war teaches you anything, it is that the world is
a mixture of vulnerability and enduring strength, and that it is the
job of the human spirit to strike the balance we call peace. Bob Dole
has never wavered from the pursuit of peace.
This courageous leader understands so much about the price of
freedom, and as he goes forth from this Chamber, let him know that our
hearts, our prayers, and the hopes of all America's veterans go with
him.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank Senator Campbell for his
outstanding statement.
Next, I yield to Senator Thomas, from Wyoming, 5 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wyoming.
Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I rise today to join in the tribute to
Senator Bob Dole. Certainly, his accomplishments extend over many
areas, but I want to limit my remarks specifically to health care.
His record is one that truly demonstrates compassion, dedication and
selflessness. This is not a man who simply talks about quality health
care. He knows the importance of it firsthand.
Of course, we all know the story, Bob Dole's valiant service in World
War II. He spent 4 agonizing years in a hospital bed. It was this
experience that led to his commitment to give each and every American
the security of knowing health care is there today and will be there
tomorrow.
Proof of such dedication is reflected, not just in the way he votes
on major issues, but also in smaller efforts like helping to keep a 12-
bed hospital in rural Kansas open, or creating employment opportunities
for persons with disabilities. These are little things that do not
always receive a lot of fanfare, but over the course of 35 years, they
build a solid legislative record.
As the Wyoming State chair for the Senator's 1988 Presidential bid, I
came to know and understand the person who has so willingly fought the
good fight to make insurance more affordable and accessible to all. For
instance, during the 1970's, when many policymakers were advocating a
nationalized health care system, it was Bob Dole who recognized the
flaws of such an approach. Rather than let the Federal Government be in
control of individual medical decisions, he coauthored a more simple,
practical piece of legislation, the 1979 Dole-Danforth-Domenici health
insurance bill. The initiative aimed to improve access to health care,
but in a manner that did not turn the reins over to Washington, DC. He
had the foresight back then to keep reform affordable and free of
Federal mandates. This same philosophy continues.
A few years ago when the Congress considered the Clinton health care
plan, it was Bob Dole who warned against the ill effects of
federalizing our health care system. As an experienced legislator, he
reminded Congress that increased taxes and price controls are not the
way to improve coverage for the uninsured.
But, before I reflect on the Senator's more recent accomplishments, I
want to highlight an issue near and dear to the hearts of Wyoming
people--rural health care. In the 1980's, hospital closures were
plaguing rural America and providers were vacating these communities
for urban practices. To be exact, 237 rural hospitals closed during the
decade. There would have been more if not for Bob Dole's commitment to
a notable package of rural health care reforms. Reforms that improved
Medicare reimbursement rates to small hospitals, created primary care
centers, and recruited vital family practitioners. These solutions
helped to revitalize our communities and gave rural families the same
access to quality medical care as their urban counterparts.
As someone who hails from a town of 500-people, I know the importance
of such measures. If a rural hospitals closes, it often devastates a
community. Jobs are lost and individuals are left without care during
times of a medical emergency.
Establishing a successful rural health care delivery system can be
very difficult. Yet Senator Dole and his staff have helped make that
goal more plausible.
I am sure I speak for many members of the Rural Health Care Caucus
when I say, ``Thank you.''
Mr. President, Bob Dole's commitment to quality health care extends
to senior citizens as well. Last year, when Medicare was projected to
be bankrupt in 2002, it was our leader who fought to preserve the
program well into the next century. His plan provided thoughtful
solutions to complex problems while still maintaining spending
increases for every senior citizen. Unfortunately, the President
rejected the proposal, not because it did not do enough, but because it
was politically expedient thing to do.
Despite the administration's refusal to save Medicare
from insolvency, Bob Dole continues to work on behalf of the elderly.
Just 1 month ago, before he announced his intention to leave the
Senate, he steered passage of an amendment to the Health Insurance
Reform Act. The measure helps alleviate the burden of long-term care
costs, which is becoming all the more important as nursing home
expenses rise.
Mr. President, these are a few of the many accomplishments of Bob
Dole. Unfortunately, time does not permit
[[Page S6033]]
me to list them all. But the purpose of reciting his achievements is
not to boast about our longest serving Republican leader. Rather, it is
to provide insight into the man who represents the State of Kansas.
He has served his State and his country well. He is one of the most
effective and wise legislators of our time.
Great legislators should be measured by their actions, not by their
words. Bob Dole's actions on health care clearly state where his
priorities are. So my friend, Bob Dole, good luck. It has been a
pleasure serving with you and I know you will continue to serve our
country in the future.
I yield the floor.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank Senator Thomas, from Wyoming, for
his remarks.
I yield to the Senator from Rhode Island, Senator Chafee, 5 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Rhode Island.
Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, I wish to comment briefly today upon Bob
Dole's record in an area where I have devoted a considerable amount of
time, namely the environment. Under Bob Dole's leadership, we have been
able to continue the proud tradition, the Republican tradition, of
protecting our environment. That is a tradition that dates back to
Teddy Roosevelt. It is interesting to note that Bob Dole came to the
Senate in 1969. Shortly thereafter the modern era of environmental law
began to take shape.
In 1970, he supported President Nixon's creation of the Environmental
Protection Agency, and he has supported every major environmental law
since he arrived in the Senate; all of which have come about in the
past 25 years.
What are some of these laws? The National Environmental Policy Act,
the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act,
the Endangered Species Act, Superfund, the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act to control hazardous waste, and on the list goes.
Mr. President, those bipartisan efforts have brought about an
extraordinary, tangible change in our Nation. The successful protection
of the environment has been called the greatest social achievement of
the United States of the past quarter century. Let us consider briefly
the successes we have had under the laws that were enacted with the
help and support of Bob Dole.
In the 15 years 1975 to 1990, automobile miles traveled in the United
States increased by 70 percent. They went to 2.2 trillion vehicle miles
per year in those 5 years--increased by 70 percent. But in the same
period, hydrocarbon emissions were cut in half. Lead in the air, for
example, has a terrible effect on the mental development of children,
especially in congested inner cities. Because in the mid-1970's we
mandated the use of unleaded gasoline, lead in the air has declined by
98 percent. That is an extraordinary achievement.
EPA has just completed a study showing that the positive effects of
air pollution controls have been enormous. The study found that, in
1990, Americans received roughly $20 of value in reduced risks of death
and illness and other adverse effects, $20 of value for every $1 of
expenditure spent on air pollution control.
What about clean water? In 1970, only one-third of the lakes, rivers
and streams in the United States of America were considered fishable
and swimmable. Now, not one-third but two-thirds of the lakes, rivers
and streams in America are considered fishable and swimmable, and the
percentage continues to rise every year.
Since its enactment in 1973 by a vote of 99 to nothing, the
Endangered Species Act has achieved remarkable results. Populations of
whooping cranes, brown pelicans, peregrine falcons and many other
formerly endangered species have come back from near extinction. So
there is a lot of good news out there, and much of that success is due
to Bob Dole's leadership in this Senate.
Senator Dole recognized early on the importance of dealing with the
threats to our global environment. Under his leadership, the Senate
approved, in 1987, the Montreal protocol, dealing with substances that
deplete the ozone layer. Then that was followed by the 1990 London
amendments to eliminate the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons,
CFC's, and other chemicals that destroy our protective ozone layer.
Last year, Bob Dole cosponsored a bill that was developed by the
Committee on Environment to amend the Safe Drinking Water Act. The
result was approval by the Senate in a recorded vote of 99 to nothing,
and that is a tribute to Bob Dole's leadership.
He was a key architect of this year's farm bill which demonstrated
his interest and commitment to protecting the environment. The 1996
farm bill produced one of the most significant conservation packages
ever enacted into law, and Bob Dole was a key player in every step of
that farm bill.
Bob was a champion of the free-market approach to controlling acid
rain in the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments, and that free-market
approach is working.
With his support, we are exploring similar approaches to protecting
wetlands through mitigation banking and to create incentives for
private landowners to protect endangered species--use the free-market
approach.
Eighty-six years ago, the first of the great environmental
Presidents, Teddy Roosevelt, said the following:
Of all the questions which can come before this Nation,
short of the actual preservation of its existence in a great
war, there is none which compares in importance with the
central task of leaving this land even a better land for our
descendants than it is for us.
We have seen from his work in the Senate that those are sentiments
that Bob Dole heartily agrees with.
On a personal note, may I say it has been a joyful experience for me
to have been associated with Bob Dole for the past 20 years here in the
Senate.
May success and happiness be in his future, and we wish him Godspeed.
I thank the Chair.
Mr. NICKLES addressed the Chair.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank my colleague from Rhode Island
for his excellent remarks.
I now yield 5 minutes to Senator Gramm from Texas.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Texas.
Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, by his skill and courage, Bob Dole has
earned a place in history, alongside the modern giants like Lyndon
Johnson and Bob Taft, as one of the greatest leaders in the history of
the Senate.
I think it is fair to say that of all the people who I have worked
with in my service in the House and the Senate, Bob Dole is the
greatest legislator, and I am very proud to have served with Bob Dole
in a period which inevitably will be called in the history books the
``Dole era.''
Bob Dole has my strong support and my deep affection as he leaves the
Senate he loves to fight for the leadership of a nation that he loves
even more. I think for many of us here today, this is a sad moment. Bob
Dole has been the leader of the Republicans in the Senate every day
that I have served in the Senate. My first vote that I cast 12 years
ago when I came to the Senate was a vote to make Bob Dole the majority
leader.
I have known him as an ally and an adversary. I think I can say I
know Bob Dole pretty well. I know that he is a good and great man. I
know that as Americans get to know him in the coming months that they
are going to conclude that he has the leadership and the convictions
that we need to change America.
So as he leaves us in the Senate, I am delighted that he is leaving
us to seek higher service, and I am confident that he is going to get
an opportunity to provide that service. I am very proud to join his
colleagues today in paying tribute to him, the greatest legislator of
his era, as he serves his last day in the Senate.
I yield the time that is remaining back to the Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES addressed the Chair.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I compliment Senator Gramm for an
outstanding and very strong statement.
I now yield to Senator Snowe from Maine 5 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Maine.
Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, I thank the Senator from Oklahoma for
yielding this time.
[[Page S6034]]
I rise today to join my colleagues in honoring the preeminent
Republican leader in the history of the U.S. Senate, Senator Bob Dole.
Throughout his distinguished career, Senator Dole has served the people
of Kansas, as well as this Nation, with honor, distinction, and
integrity.
We gather on this bittersweet occasion to pay tribute to a remarkable
man for his lifelong commitment to America, as well as his unparalleled
leadership in this august institution. As President Reagan said so
eloquently in describing Senator Dole as a leader, ``It's not just a
job description, it's a description of the man.''
His leadership has touched virtually every aspect of public policy,
but I would like to speak specifically on a topic that has been of
paramount importance to me throughout my career--an area where Senator
Dole has been a champion, an area where he has made a difference, and
that is on behalf of America's women.
Mr. President, Senator Dole's commitment to ensuring fairness and
opportunity for America's women is not a newfound phenomenon. In fact,
it has always been an integral part of who Bob Dole is. Throughout his
career, Senator Dole has fought to make America what Susan B. Anthony
called the ``true Republic: men, their rights and nothing more; women,
their rights and nothing less.''
In his personal and professional life, Bob Dole has been guided by a
singular belief that every individual--regardless of gender--has the
right to fulfill his or her God-given potential.
Bob Dole has always known that we cannot have a truly representative
democracy unless women are represented at every level of government and
society. Not content just to rely on words, he has taken action.
As chairman of the Republican Party, over two decades ago, he
appointed the first woman in the history of the party as deputy chair.
As Senate majority leader, he appointed the first woman as Secretary of
the Senate. And he was the first Senate leader in history, Republican
or Democrat, to select a woman, whom we all have known, the
extraordinarily capable and talented Sheila Burke, as his chief of
staff.
It is not just women on the Hill who have benefited from Senator
Dole's efforts. The lives of women in small towns, big cities, and
everywhere in between in America have been improved as a result of
Senator Dole's leadership.
From his Retirement Equity Act of 1983, which protected women from an
arbitrary pension system that left them without a pension after their
husbands died before retirement age, to his Sexual Assault Prevention
Act, which finally expanded the rights of women after years of taking a
back seat to criminals in our justice system, Bob Dole was at the
forefront of the fight to guarantee economic opportunity and personal
safety.
Bob Dole recognized that 2.5 million women are battered annually, the
single greatest cause of injury to American women, and he saw that as
being unconscionable. It was under his leadership that the Violence
Against Women Act was fully funded for the first time ever.
But his leadership did not end there. Senator Dole also recognized
that the highest echelons of corporate America did not reflect the true
landscape of this Nation. Where others did not or would not, Bob Dole
saw barriers which are rarely penetrated by women, and he believed
those lines were made for crossing. As Senator Dole himself has said,
``The issues boil down to equal access and equal opportunity.'' Bob
Dole knows there is something wrong when women are not represented in
the upper levels of management in corporate America, and that is why he
authored the Glass Ceiling Commission, the first ever Federal
commission that created the most comprehensive report on how business
could make full use of our Nation's human capital.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator's time has expired.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I yield the Senator from Maine an
additional 2 minutes.
Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, Senator Dole's commitment to women goes
beyond the workplace. Under his leadership, the Senate passed
legislation to provide Medicare coverage of a drug that was proven
effective in the fight against breast cancer. He created a tax credit
for expenses associated with the long-term care of elderly spouses who
are sick or family members, especially important for women because they
represent 78 percent of our Nation's primary caregivers.
For those who found themselves in need of a helping hand, Bob Dole
has been the driving force behind meaningful, compassionate welfare
reform, to transfer welfare into workfare and move people from the
welfare rolls to the payrolls. He made sure it was not done on the
backs of children by ensuring that we inserted $3 billion in additional
child care funding, and this bill passed the Senate with 87 votes.
In another commitment to women and families, he joined with me in
providing for tough child support enforcement provisions to send a
message to deadbeat parents that the days of parental irresponsibility
are over.
The bottom line is, Mr. President, the record goes on and on. The
record shows that when it comes to America's women, you can count on
Bob Dole.
Finally, on a personal level, I would like to express my deepest
appreciation for Senator Dole's friendship and wise counsel over the
years, not only here in the U.S. Senate but throughout my years in the
House of Representatives. As he takes leave of this institution he
loves so much, he and Elizabeth take with them our profound respect,
our great admiration, our heartfelt friendship, our deep gratitude and
our prayers for Godspeed as he and Elizabeth embark on an exciting and
historic new chapter in their lives.
I am reminded of what Winston Churchill said when the tide had turned
in favor of the allies. He said this:
This is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the
end. But it is, rather, the end of the beginning.
Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the floor.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank Senator Snowe for her outstanding
comments.
I now yield 5 minutes to the senior Senator from Wyoming, Senator
Simpson.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wyoming.
Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, it is my great pleasure to comment about
my friend Bob Dole. We have heard all of the facts and the
extraordinary history of the man's life and his life in the Senate, and
it indeed is extraordinary. We all have known that. He is the very
best--the very, very best.
I will be saying much about this man in the next months, for this is
a leader, a real leader, not just in the title he held but way down
inside, and that is a gift. That is the ability to lead, to engender
trust and loyalty and the admiration--even grudging sometimes--of your
toughest adversaries, and he has had that and it will serve him well.
One of the great and singular honors in my life was to serve as his
assistant for 10 years. I was his first lieutenant. He was the captain.
We had a pretty good platoon, a good company, too, and a good
battalion. It was one wonderful run. I must say that some joy of it was
lost, was sometimes when we took our work too seriously--but we never
took ourselves too seriously. When you have a couple of gentlemen with
a rather spirited sense of humor, it does spark up and brighten the
day. I love those types.
I learned much from this man. I learned not to judge, to try to make
things work, to have ultimate patience. That is what I really have not
learned yet. It is out there though. He gave me some good tips. In
those times, I found this man to be true, honest, and so natural, a
very remarkable gentleman. By taking leave from here in this honorable
way, the American people will come to see him as we do, as I do--fair,
strong, firm, a man of great resolve.
With this extraordinary woman Elizabeth at his side, Elizabeth
Hanford Dole, they will surely captivate and unite this country in
their quest, for she is a person of great personal faith and an
inspiration to many of us. And his daughter Robin too, what a fine
woman, making a fine impression all over America, as she is deeply
involved in the campaign activities. Those are the things we will see
the Bob Dole family doing in these months to come.
A legislator, a listener, a loyalist. No one served President George
Bush with
[[Page S6035]]
more loyalty than Bob Dole. He was always supporting the man who
defeated him, supporting him to the hilt. That is class.
I have no sadness. No, I am excited to know that this man will be out
there in America, and that the people of America will see what we here
have always seen in this man, a man of deep, personal conviction, a man
of deep moral fortitude, guts, always telling the truth, and the strong
leadership--a man who can make a decision and stick with it. Bold and
courageous are other examples of his leadership--purposeful, direct,
and decisive.
So here we go. He will seek this job in the same way he has sought
everything in his life, with that great energy, from that spirit. He
has great capability, so very competent, and we will all see this man
as a deeply sensitive man, a decent--very decent--and caring man. I
think America is longing for that.
I wish him well, with this magnificent woman of charm and grace at
his side. God bless them both for, indeed--he is all the man there is.
The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Frist). The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank Senator Simpson for his comments
and for the excellent working relationship that he has enjoyed with
Senator Dole over the years. As all of us know, he is retiring as well.
Certainly, he will be missed. His wit and wisdom will be missed in this
body, as well.
I yield 5 minutes to the Senator from Iowa, Senator Grassley.
Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, today the Senate loses its leader, but
our Nation and its people gain a leader. What this country needs at
this time is to see a good example coming from its political leaders.
What this country needs is moral leadership. It is truly lacking, of
course, in the current White House. I have been speaking out on this
subject of lack of moral leadership, with several specific examples of
that failed leadership by the President and First Lady, since March 19.
It is not enough to call Bob Dole a friend, a steady presence in the
Senate, an ally. It is more important to know his qualities. These
qualities are what make Bob Dole a leader. Above all else, Bob Dole has
earned respect. You gain respect, Mr. President, by first showing
respect for others. He has done so. He has shown respect for his fellow
Kansans, for working men and women of America, for America's farmers,
for the small business entrepreneur, to his colleagues, for his party,
but, most of all, respect for America.
When you get Bob Dole, you get someone who will do what he says he
will do. That means you get a man of integrity. You get a person of
accountability. He does not point the finger. The buck stops with Bob
Dole. He takes responsibility for his actions. That is important, Mr.
President, because this is what America needs and needs right now. At a
time when public cynicism is riding a crest, fueled by the actions from
current leaders in the White House, we need Bob Dole's tie of
leadership, because historically, the best leaders are those who have
integrity, who demonstrate fairness, and who have compassion.
If I have learned nothing else about Bob Dole in my 16 years serving
with him in the U.S. Senate, it is that he is a person of integrity, a
person who treats people fairly, and a person who has and demonstrates
compassion. One of the best experiences I have had with Bob Dole was
campaigning with him in my State of Iowa. The first time was in 1988.
The next time was this year. Whenever I introduced Bob Dole to the
people of Iowa, I introduced him as one of us. Iowans knew right away
exactly what I meant. It meant that Bob Dole has the same roots as we
have--Midwestern, small town, rural, traditional values. He never
forgot where he came from and how he got there. That is the mark of a
humble public servant. That is what our country so desperately needs
today.
Yes, I will miss Bob Dole as a friend and a political ally. I will
miss him more as a leader. I take comfort in the fact that in losing a
leader, the country is gaining one. For that, I can only be truly
grateful.
I say to citizen Dole, your new journey of a thousand miles begins
with this first step that you are taking today of leaving the Senate,
saying goodbye to the people's branch of Government, and going out
among the people themselves. I wish you, Bob Dole, great success as our
future leader.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I wish to thank Senator Grassley from
Iowa for an outstanding statement.
I yield 6 minutes to the Senator from Oklahoma, Senator Inhofe.
Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, while I was presiding, I listened to the
accolades and the very warm remarks that have been aimed toward our
leader, Bob Dole, and so richly deserved by Senator Dole. I could think
of only two characteristics that have not been brought up yet. They
came from two experiences that I had.
One was back when I was a very fresh, new, freshman Senator. I
happened to have been supporting Phil Gramm for President of the United
States, who was a primary opponent of Bob Dole's, only to find that he
and I had a trip to take together from Washington out to Independence,
KS, since we had been active in getting a very significant product
liability bill passed that put America back into making airplanes
again. I got to thinking of traveling all the way with a guy when I was
actually opposing him. I was very uncomfortable about it. I can tell
you during the entire trip, you would have thought I was his, Bob
Dole's, chairman. I have never seen a person so absolute in his
forgiveness and understanding.
Second, a couple of years ago I can remember when Bob Dole was coming
in to do a fundraiser for me at 7:30 in the morning in Tulsa, OK. By
coincidence, it happened to be the morning after the night they
considered President Clinton's soft-on-crime bill. Bob Dole was really
wrapped up in that. That was one of the disappointments he had. He lost
it by one vote.
He got on a plane, it had to be sometime after midnight, came all the
way to Oklahoma in a driving rainstorm, and was there at 7:30 in the
morning. His staff was exhausted. He looked like he was just showing up
for his first prom.
I have never seen a guy with energy like he has. The two
characteristics, boundless energy and compassionate forgiveness, are
two characteristics that will serve America in a grander way. What a
guy.
Mr. NICKLES. I thank Senator Inhofe, my colleague, for his statement.
I now yield 5 minutes to the Senator from Washington, Senator Gorton.
Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, nothing I can say here today can add to
the richness or the depth of the picture that has already been
presented over the course of the last 2 weeks or so by other Members of
this body and by those outside of this body with respect to our
candidate for President and our retiring majority leader, Senator Bob
Dole. All I can do is to take that photograph from a very slightly
different angle and, I hope, make it at least a slightly deeper
photograph of a great man.
This is important, however, because the Bob Dole we, who have worked
with him for a year or for a decade, know is not the Bob Dole as he has
been pictured to our fellow citizens all across the United States. It
is exactly for that reason, of course, that he is leaving us and his
magnificent and, I believe, rewarding career in this body to share his
real character, his real personality with all of the people of the
United States in his quest for the Presidency.
Bob Dole is, I think, first of all, a man of extraordinary patience--
perhaps the single most significant requirement for a leader of a body
of 99 other Members, all of whom most of the time feel that they are in
possession of absolute truth or the precise way in which the Senate
should conduct its business.
Bob Dole seems never to have lost a sunny equanimity, even under the
most difficult circumstances. His wit seems never to have deserted him.
His willingness to listen to advice and counsel--almost always
unsolicited--seems to have been infinite, and at the same time that he
has been willing to listen and been willing to consider the views from
disparate sectors, he has been possessed by a deep dedication to
principle, to direction, and to love of country.
On the one hand, people in politics are criticized for being too
rigid and not understanding and, on the other
[[Page S6036]]
hand, for being too compromising. Bob Dole is neither. He has that rare
combination of a dedication to principle and a willingness to listen
and to accommodate the principles and ideas of others, which has made
him a great success, has caused him to be the longest-serving leader of
this party in the history of the U.S. Senate.
And so because of those winning traits of personality and those
deeper traits of character and principle, each of us who remain here in
the Senate will be slightly the lesser by reason of his leaving. He, on
the other hand, will be the better for it--for this surprising and
principled decision, for his willingness to present himself to the
American people without the protection of any office on which to fall
back.
I believe, Mr. President--and I believe firmly--that this open risk-
taking, courageous Bob Dole, whom we have known for as long as each of
us has been in the Senate, and whom his friends, neighbors, and family
have known from his youth, will become increasingly known by, respected
by, and loved by the people of the United States as he presents these
traits of character and personality to them during the balance of this
campaign.
So we wish him bon voyage, the best of good luck, and we wish to the
American people a new President with all of these wonderful
characteristics for leadership and for making our country a better and
stronger place in which to live.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I thank Senator Gorton from Washington
for an outstanding statement.
I yield 5 minutes to Senator Ashcroft from Missouri.
Mr. ASHCROFT. Mr. President, when Abraham Lincoln walked onto the
battlefield at Gettysburg to commemorate what had been done there, he
succinctly encapsulated the understanding that deeds far surpass words
in terms of value. He said, ``The world will little note nor long
remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did
here.''
We are not talking this morning just to be talking, to be saying
things, but it is a way of helping people understand what Bob Dole has
done, who he has been, the depth of his care, and the breadth of his
knowledge of how we need to proceed in America. It has been properly
said that the world does not care how much you know until they know how
much you care. And because Bob Dole has not been a person to sound his
own trumpet, to tell people about himself, I think people have mistaken
him. They have not understood how much he cared, because Bob Dole has
been a person who has answered the call every time the call has come.
He has not only answered the call, he has answered the call with
everything--everything--at his disposal, the entirety of his existence.
In 1945, Bob Dole nearly gave up his life--and there would have been
those who said it was gone--to the call of duty. And, today, he
relinquishes the power and prerogatives of policy development in the
Senate because he, similarly, will pursue a call from his country, a
call that we are pleased that he hears, a call to shape the tomorrows
in which we live, a call to reestablish the fundamental values of
American greatness, to align himself with the virtues of the American
people, rather than the vices of a system that has really guided us
down the wrong path.
In 1945, Lt. Bob Dole volunteered to lead his company to take out a
German machinegun nest. He scrambled out of a shell hole in order to
rescue a fallen comrade. The Germans sighted Dole and blew apart the
right side of his back. Few people would have had the courage to live
as he has lived. He willed himself to recovery, with God's help, and
with the help of his neighbors. He willed himself to law school, and he
willed himself to run for office.
Many of the medical experts at the time had given up on Bob Dole. A
doctor from Chicago decided to try some things that were virtually
experimental and gave his services. The people of Russell, KS, donated
their nickels, dimes, quarters, and dollars in the cigar box at the
pharmacy down on the corner to cover the expenses.
Bob Dole made a commitment that he would be an individual of service.
We need that kind of determination. We need that kind of grit. We need
individuals who have looked the very most serious of all circumstances
in the face and have said, ``With God's help, we can overcome, we can
prevail.'' And that is Bob Dole.
Well, America needed Bob Dole when, in 1945, he was willing to give
himself totally. They needed him when he went to the U.S. House of
Representatives, they needed him when he became a Senator, and it needs
him today.
All of us know the statistics. A child born today will end up paying
$187,000 in interest on the national debt if we do not do something
about it. Bob Dole has devoted himself not just to a balanced budget--
sure, he sent two balanced budgets to the President this year--but to
the structure of a balanced budget; that is a balanced budget amendment
to the Constitution.
Bob Dole knows that American families spent about 3 percent of their
income on taxes in the 1950's, and now we spend almost 40 percent. He
understands that Americans have an ability to spend on themselves and
to do for themselves, if Government will stand aside. He understands
that, for a long time, Washington has acted as if Government were the
answer--faith in Government, governmentalism. He knows that is not the
solution, that Washington's one-size-fits-all solution is not the way
to solve this Nation's problems. He knows that when we placed that
faith in Government, instead of ourselves, we injured ourselves.
Bob Dole really is going to go to the American people and say: You
have the quality, the character, and the capacity to do those things
that are necessary to shape the next century constructively. I am
delighted that he has so much commitment to this responsibility that he
would say, ``I walk away from the U.S. Senate in order to offer myself
to the American people.''
When the American people learn about Bob Dole and get to know him the
way we in the Senate know him, they will ask and demand that he be
President of the United States. It will be a pleasure, as a Member of
the U.S. Senate, to remember his outstanding service to the people, not
just in the military, in the House and the Senate, but as the leader of
this Republic. I am grateful for the opportunity to make these remarks
regarding our majority leader.
I yield the floor.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I compliment the Senator from Missouri.
That was a truly outstanding statement. I want to announce to my
colleagues that I have several colleagues seeking a lot more time than
we have available. I hate to disappoint colleagues because I know many
wanted to speak prior to Senator Dole's speech at noon. We may not be
able to accommodate everybody. I cannot accommodate everybody on the
floor, and that disappoints me greatly. If I stay on the order of
requests, the Senator from New Mexico actually has been here for some
time, and I know the Senator from Arizona has also. We actually have a
unanimous-consent request that would allow Senator Byrd to speak at
11:30. And the Senator from Virginia and the Senator from New Jersey
would like to speak. That makes it very difficult.
I would call on the Senator from New Mexico. I yield 5 minutes to the
Senator from New Mexico.
If my colleagues could not spend all of that time it would be greatly
appreciated.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Mexico.
Mr. DOMENICI. Thank you very much.
Mr. President, fellow Senators, I think what I will do is start with
wit. I think everybody remembers Bob Dole for a lot of things. I am
going to mention five or six that make him my great friend. But I want
to hearken back to a budget debate in 1990 that was a brief moment when
we were going to have a shutdown even back then for a very short period
of time. And the tourists in the community were all kind of in turmoil
because of various things that were going to be closed. And Senator
Dole said the following: ``If you are hanging around with nothing to do
and the zoo is closed, come over to the Senate. You will get the same
kind of feeling, and you will not have to pay for it.''
Mr. President, nobody should think that a statement like that in any
way denigrates this great man.
I am really at a loss to say goodbye to him. But I am quite convinced
that
[[Page S6037]]
he is leaving as a legend. He leaves a legacy of leadership second to
none in the entire history of the U.S. Senate. He leaves a legacy of
laws and concerns that are so broad and so deep that I am doubtful
whether his story ends in looking over the entire panorama of Senators
from the beginning. I am very doubtful that they will find a Senator
with such a legacy.
Let me start with senior citizens. In 1983, Social Security was going
bankrupt. Who took the lead in the Senate to make it solvent for 30 to
40 years? Senator Bob Dole. When it comes to the young people of
America, some people choose to talk about programs. I choose to say Bob
Dole's deep and abiding concern for our young people is epitomized by
his constant fight to live within our means so that we do not have to
have our children and grandchildren pay our bills. Everything, from
seniors to children and everything in between, has received the
attention of this great man.
In fact, I will find it difficult. I think my feet will find me
walking down that hall and my feet will find me going into that office
because I have done that so many times when we needed leadership.
The legacy of leadership that he leaves will be sorely missed, and
only history will indicate its true depth. Besides having wit, without
which it is tough to run the Senate, he had courage. Can anyone forget
the night when we wheeled Pete Wilson in? He had an appendectomy. We
brought him in here from the hospital bed so we could get the vote, and
so that Vice President Bush voting from the Chair could assure us of
what would have been a balanced budget long before today that failed
not because of Bob Dole's leadership but because of something else.
So anybody following him better know that they better be honest; they
better tell the Senate the truth for he knew no other way.
As he leaves, there is a bit of sorrow and even sadness, at least in
my heart. But in a very real sense I am very, very happy because I
think the American people now have a chance to meet, to know, and to
understand the Bob Dole that we know. If they get that chance, he will
be the next President. He will be the next President of this great land
where the same leadership that he gave to us will be there for
everyone.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator's time has expired.
Mr. DOMENICI. I yield the floor.
Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I join my many colleagues in expressing
my congratulations to Senator Dole for a historic career in the
Congress of the United States, which ended with his resignation today,
and I also express my regrets that we will no longer have Robert J.
Dole as our majority leader and as our Republican leader.
I speak for both the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, which I represent,
and in a sense, also for Russell, KS, because Senator Dole and I both
grew up in Russell, KS. I moved to Russell from Wichita when I was 12
years old, so I have known Senator Dole for a good many years. My
father, Harry Specter, was a friend of his father, Doran Dole. My dad
was in the junk business, and the only scale big enough at the time to
weigh the junk yard truck was the Dole scale and elevator run by Bob
Dole's father. Our brothers, Kenny Dole and Morton Specter, both passed
away at the same time, approximately 3 years ago.
Senator Dole's story is a story like Horatio Alger, except that Bob
Dole's story, compared to Horatio Alger, looks like Horatio Alger was
born with a silver spoon in his mouth. Both the Doles and the Specters,
figuratively, lived on the wrong side of the tracks. It is a true story
that the Dole family, during the depression, moved out of the first
floor of their home to live in the basement to help defray expenses at
a very tough time when Kansas was a dust bowl. Bob Dole grew up and
worked at Dawson Drugs at the soda fountain. There is sort of a
legendary and famous story about how he would flip the ice cream and
catch it behind his back. I recounted that story not long ago on a
campaign appearance for the Presidency in Delaware County. Bob added
that sometimes when the ice cream fell to the floor, it became a
chocolate shake. He went to college--a tough thing to do in the early
1940's. Russell High School had the State debating championship, but
Bob Dole chose not to be a debater. He was a renowned high school
athlete. And then we all know of his heroics during World War II, and
of his injuries and how he laid his life on the line. He did not suffer
loss of life but did suffer loss of limb, and came back with a
phenomenal rehabilitation. So he has a real understanding of what it is
like to pull yourself up by your bootstraps when you have neither
bootstraps nor arms to pull yourself up by; and has a real feeling for
the disabled; and a real understanding of the need for medical care;
and a real understanding of what it is like to be an underdog. That
historic, monumental rehabilitation has been recounted on many
occasions.
Then he became a State legislator while going to law school. He came
back and was county attorney, in Russell, KS. He told the story today
about how his parents had been Democrats and how he became a
Republican, checking the local registrations. I originally heard the
story in Russell, about how he was courted by both parties to become
their nominee for county attorney and then checked the registration in
Russell County and found it was 2 to 1 Republican. And as Senator Dole
has said previously, as a matter of conscience he instantly became a
Republican. And then so much of the rest is history: Elected to the
House of Representatives in 1960 serving four terms, and then to the
U.S. Senate in 1969.
I have had the privilege of serving with him in this body for the
last 15\1/2\ years. I watched him, as the chairman of the Finance
Committee, and he did a really extraordinary job in that capacity. It
was in that capacity that I think Senator Dole earned the confidence of
his colleagues for the leadership position that he sought in 1984.
I recall the 1982 tax bill, when Senator Baker, then the majority
leader, stood at the leadership position, and at 11:45 p.m. on that
complex bill said that there were 63 amendments pending, amendments
like mushrooms grew overnight, and that we were going to plow ahead.
Standing beside him was Senator Dole, the chairman of the Finance
Committee. Senator Baker said Senator Dole thought we ought to
persevere. We worked through the night, as it was Senator Baker's
custom to do on occasion. There were, perhaps, half a dozen rollcall
votes, many more voice votes, many amendments dropped. At 6:30 a.m. we
walked out of the Chamber having finished an extraordinary bill, which
showed Bob Dole's leadership.
Then we had the extraordinary election for majority leader in 1984,
contested by Senator Ted Stevens and Senator Pete Domenici and Senator
Dick Lugar and Senator Jim McClure. We had to have a series of ballots.
First one dropped and then the next and then the next. And finally--and
I happened to be sitting next to Senator Dole on the left-hand side of
the Chamber in the rear of the whole Senate when Senator Dole won by a
narrow margin of 28 to 25; two votes changed and Senator Dole went on
to be the leader. I was in the photo in the scene when Senator Dole
shook hands.
He was an extraordinary leader in many, many ways. Always a
conciliator, always with a velvet touch. Some of us were not too easy
to lead, in terms of the votes. But never a demand, never a ruffled
feeling, never a sense of pressure or, certainly, not undue pressure.
I recall legislation changing the Grove City decision by the Supreme
Court of the United States, as illustrative of what Senator Dole would
do. Senator Packwood and Senator Hatch were on opposite ends of the
issue. Suddenly Senator Dole came up with compromise language. In
unison, Bob Packwood and Orrin Hatch said, ``But that is unsatisfactory
because it will leave the issue open to controversy as to what it
means.'' Senator Dole smiled and said, ``That's the perfect solution.''
It wasn't quite that language, but Senator Dole got it worked out.
Today's speech by Senator Dole, I think, was historic. I hope he can
continue to speak with the same easygoing manner, the same light touch,
the same sense of substance, and at the same time, the same sense of
humor. Because I think if Senator Dole does that, he will really
establish a rapport with the American people for his next challenge.
In a sense, Senator Dole's farewell address to the Senate has
significant similarity to George Washington's
[[Page S6038]]
farewell address. It was a different time, a different tempo, different
tenor, but I think it was a historic farewell address. This Chamber was
filled with respect and admiration, and, really, love.
I do not know, if on prior Senate occasions, there has been a
recording of the time sequence for the length of applause, but that
event speaks for itself as Senator Dole moved from one part of the
Chamber to the other, surrounded by his colleagues, both Democrats and
Republicans; many of the colleagues expressing themselves on more than
one occasion.
Then a few of us who were privileged to be his fellow Republicans in
the Republican caucus had an opportunity to hear Senator Dole's last
speech in the Mansfield Room. The balcony, now named for Senator Dole,
as we have paid tribute to a few of our colleagues by memorializing
their presence, became that accolade.
Then, at 3 or a little after 3, a number of us were waiting outside
in the boiling Sun to watch him walk down the Senate steps for the last
time, at least the last time on the day of his resignation. The steps
were filled with well-wishers, staff, and citizens from all walks of
life. He came down and it was a symbolic transition from the U.S.
Senate, where he had achieved such heights, walking out as citizen
Dole, to see the people of America.
When he finished saying goodbye to his colleagues on the steps, he
moved across the yard to greet Americans who were waiting to see him,
smell him, touch him. From there he moved over to the large crowd that
was assembled between the two chambers. I think it was a very, very
significant and a symbolic move, as he has left the U.S. Senate in his
quest for the Presidency of the United States.
It was obviously not an easy decision for Robert J. Dole to make, to
leave the embellishments and accouterments of office, as majority
leader, one of the loftiest positions in the Government of the United
States or in the world. But he did so in his quest for what he saw as a
higher calling.
In the contemporaneous time period with his departure, he addressed
one of the toughest issues in America, the issue of abortion, which has
been the most divisive issue facing America since the Civil War, with
his characteristic and traditional Solomon-like judgment. It is a
political issue, but worthy of a moment or two, leaving the Republican
platform intact to accommodate one segment of the party and offering
the olive branch, the spirit of tolerance and the big tent to another
segment of the party. Almost, in a sense, squaring the circle and
accommodating almost seemingly irreconcilable differences. But that has
been the life of Senator Dole. That has been his tradition as a young
man growing up on the plains of Kansas where he learned, really,
fundamental American values--accountability, integrity, honor, and
trust, serving his Nation so well in war and serving his Nation so well
in peace.
Seeing him go is a tough thing for all of us who have known him, in
many ways over the years. We wish him the very best as he continues in
his quest to serve America.
I ask unanimous consent that my comments appear in the Congressional
Record in advance of Senator Dole's statements. All of us could not be
recognized in the limited time before he spoke today, and although it
is obvious on the face of my comments that they were made after he
spoke, I would ask they appear in advance of his text, including my
unanimous-consent request, so the sequence makes some semblance of
sense.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. BOND. Mr. President, today we pay tribute to a man who has served
his country ably and well for well over 50 years, and who will be
remembered for his leadership of an institution that is not easily led.
From his humble beginnings in the town of Russell, KS, Bob Dole has
taken seriously, and has exercised responsibly, his call to serve.
While those of us who have served with him in this institution are
disappointed to see him go, and will miss him, he has greater
challenges and rewards ahead. I believe Bob Dole will go on to engage
this Nation in a critical debate over the next few months about where
America is headed as we approach the turn of the century. The United
States, and the office of the Presidency, need Bob Dole's leadership
desperately. The words ``noble'' and ``man of integrity'' are not often
used to describe the current occupant of the White House. Yet they are
words that come to mind immediately to describe Bob Dole.
Bob Dole did not shirk his responsibility to fight for his country
during World War II. He accepted it, fought bravely in Italy, and
nearly paid the ultimate price--his life, for his country. Bob Dole is
now willing to sacrifice his political career in order to meet the
challenge of defeating Bill Clinton, restoring fiscal sanity to
American Government, and restoring honor to the office of the
Presidency.
Bob Dole has been well prepared through 27 years of Senate service to
assume the Presidency. He has led Republicans through long years in the
minority, and has more recently led us to some significant
accomplishments in our effort to roll back Government and ever-
increasing Government spending.
Bob Dole's skills are not well known to most Americans, because many
Americans are unfamiliar with what it takes to make this side of
Congress work. The Founding Fathers set up the U.S. Senate as an
institution to protect the rights of the minority. This is a place
where, in fact, a Senator adhering to minority viewpoint has much
greater power in many ways than a Senator whose view reflects the will
of the majority party. One Senator can hold up landmark legislation
simply by taking to the floor and refusing to relinquish it. A
significant minority, 41 Senators of 100, can thwart the will of the
majority party simply by refusing to cut off debate.
Bob Dole understands these challenges. As minority leader for many of
the 9 years I have been in the Senate, he used the rules effectively to
protect the rights of a significant minority. This was referred to in
the media as gridlock, but it is really the way the institution was
designed, to protect the Nation from the passions of the moment and to
provide for reasoned, reflective debate.
Since assuming the role of majority leader, he has managed to
overcome challenges raised by the Democratic minority, and hold his
troops together to pass significant legislation. Under his watch, the
Senate has passed and sent to the President the first balanced budget
in a generation, meaningful welfare reform, the Congressional
Accountability Act, legislation preventing unfunded mandates on State
and local entities, and regulatory relief. The President has vetoed the
two most significant of these initiatives: namely a balanced budget and
welfare reform.
The speeches we give today in honor of Bob Dole sound a lot like
eulogies, but they are in reality reminiscences of a stage in Bob
Dole's life. He will go on to do even greater things. He will continue
his long and distinguished career of service to country by holding its
highest office, and will restore to that office the respect and honor
of the American people.
Mr. FAIRCLOTH. Mr. President, as we all know, Bob Dole will resign
from the Senate to run for the Presidency today.
It was a courageous decision--but also a sad one for the Senate.
I am personally proud of Senator Dole. I think it is the right
decision.
I strongly believe that when the American people are given the chance
to know Senator Dole and his wife Elizabeth better--the polls will
change dramatically--and he will be elected President.
Senator Dole was raised in an era in America when hard work and
strong values were rewarded. This is an era that we can have once again
in America, if Bob Dole is elected President.
When Senator Dole's country called on him to serve--he went, and
almost gave his life. He didn't flee the country and protest against it
from overseas.
When his family struggled in the depression--they didn't seek a
Government handout--instead they rented their own home and lived in the
basement to get by.
He didn't allow his war injuries to sideline him in a hospital for
the remainder of his life--instead he picked himself up and rose to one
of the highest positions in the Government and became a candidate for
Vice President and now a candidate for President.
[[Page S6039]]
Bob Dole will bring to the Office of President the values of his
upbringing. He will not spend the taxpayers' money irresponsibly. He
will not put this country further into debt. He will not coddle
criminals that threaten our communities. He will not tolerate drug use
in the White House or tolerate a disrespect for our Armed Forces.
This is the Bob Dole that has been our majority leader. And, I am
confident this is the man that American people will want to be their
President.
Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I want to echo my colleagues' gratitude
to a remarkable Senator and majority leader, Bob Dole. Few Members of
Congress can boast similar years of commitment to our country. In fact,
Senator Dole's entire life has been dedicated to public service; from
his brave service in World War II, to his service in the Kansas State
Legislature, the U.S. House, and for the past 27 years our U.S. Senate.
He has devoted his life to serving the people of Kansas and our
country. I truly admire his agility in handling the people's business
in this body, the U.S. Senate.
It will be difficult to imagine the Senate floor without Bob Dole. We
have always had a cordial and collegial working relationship. I have
admired his wily way of moving legislation. He often commented on my
way with a quip.
I think it's fair to say that members of both parties have learned
from Bob Dole. His mastery of Senate procedure, and his skill at moving
legislation, are matched by few in this Chamber.
I thank Senator Dole for his service in the Senate. In an age when
over half of married couples can't stay dedicated to each other for 10
years, it's remarkable for someone to stay dedicated to an institution
as tempestuous as the U.S. Senate for 27 years.
With deep admiration and respect for a trusted colleague, I wish
Senator Dole all the best.
Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, Bob Dole first came to Congress at a
time when the world--and he himself--was still recovering from the
wounds of war, and America, catapulted into world leadership, was about
to enter one of the most difficult periods in our young history as our
Nation became bitterly divided over the Vietnam conflict.
These events shaped the man who came to Washington to represent his
home State of Kansas back in 1960. And, from my experience in working
with him over the last few years in the U.S. Senate, it is clear that
Bob Dole never forgot the values those experiences taught him. He has
left an imprint on this body that deserves our recognition and our
thanks.
Having nearly given his life for his country in the battle for
freedom, Bob Dole brought strong convictions about honor and public
service with him to the U.S. Congress.
And, having seen this Nation spill blood in battling its own
conscience, he understood that--even in the rough and tumble world of
politics--we can not afford to forget the warnings of our predecessors:
United we stand; divided we fall. Bob Dole's tenure as majority leader
reflected these convictions.
He leaves the Senate having made an indelible mark on this body with
his ability as a leader, his skill as a statesman, and his commitment
to the service of his country.
I have not always agreed with Bob Dole, but I have never found his
door closed. That, to me, says more about the man than anything else.
In my view, the mark of a true statesman is his willingness to listen
to all sides of an issue in a search for common ground. But the mark of
a leader is the ability to move people forward in spite of our
differences in search of progress.
Although I have not known Bob Dole for very long--I came to this body
in 1993 and worked with him, first as minority leader, then as majority
leader--I have come to hold high respect for him, and think of him
fondly. These are very tumultous times, and his was no easy task.
I have been particularly struck, time and again, by his willingness
to seek solutions by forging agreements--even in circumstances where he
had the votes to win on an issue and did not need to regotiate.
I remember when the issue of moving the United States Embassy in
Israel to Jerusalem arose last year in Congress. Senator Dole had all
the votes he needed to pass a resolution supporting the move. And yet,
he listened to those of us who had concerns about the impact the
wording of this resolution would have on what, at the time, was a very
delicate phase of the peace negotiations in the Middle East.
He did not have to listen. He chose to listen, and he chose to
address our concerns. And we passed better legislation as a result.
That is leadership.
I have been struck by his forthrightness as majority leader--his word
was his commitment, and his commitment was a matter of honor. These
have been difficult times. But, although he and I did not always end up
on the same side of an issue, I knew Bob Dole cared more about the
integrity of the democratic process than he cared about short term
political gain, and that he respected each and every Senator's place in
that process--because we represent the America people.
No, we did not always agree. But even on issues where we disagreed, I
always knew where I stood, and I knew I could trust his word.
Robert Dole will be remembered for his lifetime of service to the
American people, and for helping to shape the course of our Nation
during some of the most pivotal times.
He deserves our praise and our thanks, and we wish him and Elizabeth
well.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, next in order for appearance, I know on
the unanimous consent request Senator Byrd had this time. He is not
here right now. I yield to the Senator from Arizona 5 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Arizona.
Mr. McCAIN. Mr. President, when Americans came home from World War
Two the time reserved for celebrating their hard won victory was of
necessity brief. Joyous though those celebrations were, they had to
give way quickly to the hard work of repairing the damage done to
families and communities by the long separations and tragic losses
which war visits on the victors as well as the vanquished.
But Americans, having defeated the Axis Powers, were upon the moment
of that success obliged to assume the new responsibility of leading the
free world's resistance to the imperial ambitions of our former ally,
the Soviet Union. By so doing, they undertook a mission of immense
proportions and difficulty, but great historic significance and
nobility.
For it was the Americans who fought so valiantly from Guadalcanal to
Normandy who would then devote their lives to ensuring that the second
half of this century not collapse into the bloody calamities or succumb
to the aggression of freedom's adversaries that made this century one
of the most violent and tragic times in recorded human history. At both
the mid point and the end of the 20th century, these Americans ranked
among the greatest generations of our countrymen. They are accorded
that distinction for their dedication to their country's cause and
humanity's hope, and for the dimensions of the victories won by their
devotion, selflessness, ingenuity and courage.
Even in this distinguished company, Bob Dole stands out. When he
returned from war he could not, as many of his comrades could,
immediately pursue the veteran's dream of building a peaceful and
prosperous life. He had to first rebuild himself. The exemplary courage
and determination he brought to his own recovery is the stuff legends
are made of. And they are also America's good fortune for they are the
same virtues he offered in his subsequent years of service to the
advancement of our country.
In these days when more and more young Americans are attracted to the
mores of the detached and indifferent cynic, to the affectations of
Hollywood anti-heroes, Bob Dole's life is a rebuke to those corrupting
influences on our popular culture. When I am asked by anxious parents:
where are today's American heroes by whose example I can instruct my
children?; the list of such Americans I can offer in response is still
a long one. But I can identify no better example than the man to whom
we wish good luck today. Bob Dole is what an American hero is supposed
to be.
His sacrifice in war and his hard road to recovery earned Bob Dole
the peace
[[Page S6040]]
and quiet to live a life of personal pursuits, of individual attainment
and success. But he chose instead to chase his country's dreams. And in
America's historical mission to contain and defeat Soviet imperialism
and to wrench from this violent century some greater hope for
humanity's progress in the next. Bob Dole brought the patriotic
optimism of the young soldier off to war, but he brought also the
veteran's appreciation for the dimension and seriousness of the task
before us. He enlisted again in the war against totalitarians, and
again he is in the front ranks of those who earned the victory.
Bob Dole's Senate leadership was essential to the efforts of
Presidents Reagan and Bush to win the cold war. He built majority
coalitions for the defense build up of the 1980's, helping to restore
the readiness and modernization of our Armed Forces which had been so
badly neglected in the previous decade.
He has been a consistent and skillful advocate for ballistic missile
defense beginning in 1973 with his support for the Sam-D, the
predecessor to the Patriot missile, continuing with his support for SDI
and ending most recently with his sponsorship of the Defend America
Act. In his determination to provide Americans with an affordable and
adequate defense from the greatest danger facing our country, Bob Dole
has shown the vision and the will required to meet the security threats
that will confront policymakers in the 21st century.
Senator Dole organized congressional support for Reagan Doctrine
policies which gave critical assistance to freedom fighters confronting
Soviet aggression from Nicaragua to Afghanistan. Together with his
support for our defense build up and a strategic defense system,
Senator Dole's commitment to sustaining the front line resistance to
Soviet imperialism hastened the collapse of the Soviet Union, and made
possible the liberation of millions whose rights had long been denied
them as citizens of captive nations.
As cracks in the Soviet empire became the breech that brought down
the Berlin Wall, Bob Dole hastened the final dissolution of the Soviet
Union by sponsoring the Direct Aid to the Republics Act which provided
direct assistance and trade relations to the Soviet Republics,
bypassing Moscow, and further weakening the Kremlin's control over its
subject peoples.
In the first crisis of the post-cold-war world, Iraq's invasion of
Kuwait, Bob Dole cautioned President Bush to seek congressional
authority for Operation Desert Storm, and then employed his peerless
legislative skills to win majority support for authorization over a
very determined opposition, sending a message of American unity to
Saddam Hussein.
More recently, Bob Dole's consistent, principled support for the
legitimate Government of Bosnia and the strong Senate majority he built
for his position forced our own Government and our allies to replace
their previous indecision and indifference with the resolve to enable
the Bosnian people to resist aggression, and determine for themselves
their nation's fate.
Mr. President, my time is nearly up, and the brevity of this tribute
his required me to offer only an abbreviated, very incomplete list of
Bob Dole's many important contributions to the security of the United
States. Suffice it to say, that Bob Dole is a statesman who has worked
tirelessly and effectively to protect other Americans from having to
pay as a high a price for love of country as he was once asked to pay.
Before I close, Mr. President, I would like to offer a personal
expression of gratitude to my leader.
I have had the honor in my life of being commanded by a great many
brave, resourceful, and decent leaders, but none more so than our
friend, Bob Dole. A long time ago, in another walk of life, I lived for
a period of time without liberty. I and a great many men whose courage
and honor enabled me to endure that experience wanted nothing more than
to keep faith with our country and for our country to keep faith with
us. When well-intentioned Members of this institution unwittingly
attempted to break faith with us by denying support for the war
necessary to ensure our eventual liberation, Bob Dole led the
opposition to that effort. For 7 weeks he forcefully debated a cutoff
of funding while so many of America's sons remained the prisoners of
our enemies. All the while he waged that debate, Bob Dole wore a
bracelet that bore my name. I have never properly thanked him for the
great honor he did me. I wish to do so now. For myself, for my comrades
who came home with me, and for the many thousands who did not, thank
you, Bob, for the honor of your concern and support for us. We fought
in different wars, but we kept the same faith.
Bob Dole leaves the Senate now, and all of us, Democrat and
Republican alike, know in our hearts we will not soon see his like
again in our ranks. But he leaves only to continue his service to
America from another office. I take considerable comfort from that. For
I know that the tasks that confront us as we consolidate our cold war
victories and make for our children and our children's children
another, better world than the one in which we lived most of our lives
require the service of an American who appreciates from his experience
and from his heart the indispensability of American leadership. This is
a daunting responsibility, which is shared by all of us. But I am
reassured that we will not be found wanting in our assignment by my
confidence that Bob Dole will soon be our leader again and that our
Nation will still benefit from the service of this honorable man.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. I compliment Senator McCain for an outstanding, moving,
inspirational speech that I hope my colleagues will have a chance to
review.
I ask unanimous consent to postpone the time allocated to Senator
Byrd and Senator Daschle to 11:45.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. NICKLES. I yield to the Senator from New Jersey, 2 minutes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Jersey.
Mr. BRADLEY. Mr. President, today Bob Dole will leave the Senate. I
have served with him for nearly 18 years, during which time, at
different times, he has been the ranking member and chairman of the
Finance Committee, minority leader, and majority leader.
Over the years I have disagreed with him often, but I have also
worked with him on many things, from one of my first amendments in the
Senate on the strategic petroleum reserve to closing tax loopholes in
1982 to tax reform in 1986 to maternal and child health care issues to
GATT agreements to aid to the Bosnian Moslems and countless other
issues.
Bob Dole is a good man and an extraordinary legislator. Although he
is personally shy, he knows how to build a political consensus, use
power, make things happen. He keeps his word, which is an essential
ingredient in building trust. He listens well, a trait of the very best
legislators.
Any time you are trying to build a bipartisan majority, which is more
the way it used to be in the Senate than the way it is now, you have to
be able to listen. You have to understand intuitively where someone's
bottom line is. And when an agreement will not be reached, you cannot
view the other person as flawed, corrupt, and stupid, and expect that
tomorrow they will forget your attitude. I do not remember Bob Dole
ever acting out of a grudge or perhaps even harboring one. He never
burned his bridges.
One afternoon in my office more than a few years ago, Senator Dole
and I visited with a Russian politician named Boris Yeltsin whose visit
I was sponsoring. Yeltsin had been over an hour late and we were 25
minutes into our discussion when one of his aides informed him he was
an hour late for a meeting with Secretary of State Baker, to which
Yeltsin responded by saying, ``Humph, who cares about an appointed
minister when I am meeting with those who are elected by the people.''
To which Dole responded, ``He's got his priorities right.''
That was the voice of Bob Dole, the democrat, the man who has a deep
and abiding respect for the will of the people. Time and time again the
people of Kansas gave him their votes. Although Senator Dole has given
his life to public service, I sense he would be one of the first in
this body to admit that a legislator's accomplishments are like sand
castles built at the edge of the ocean surf--short-lived and often
forgotten.
Therefore, the only thing that any of us as Senators have is whether
those
[[Page S6041]]
who worked with us gave us their respect, and those who elected us felt
well-served. In Senator Dole's case, I think the answer to each is yes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I yield 1 minute to the Senator from
North Dakota.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from North Dakota.
Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, last year I indicated to my colleague from
West Virginia, Senator Byrd, that one of the real privileges of my
being able to serve in the U.S. Senate was to serve here while he
served in the U.S. Senate. I told Senator Byrd that. I was thinking
last evening that I feel the same way about Senator Dole. It has been
an enormous privilege to serve in the Senate at the same time that
Senator Dole has served in this Senate. He has demonstrated an enduring
commitment to public service that represents the kind of public service
that we owe a substantial debt for in our country. He is truly the Cal
Ripken of public service in the Senate year after year after year,
doing his job and doing it the way the American people hope public
servants will do their jobs.
I am here today only to say I wish Senator Robert Dole well. The
Senate will miss him. Those of us who have had the privilege of working
with him honor his commitment to public service.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. I thank my colleague from North Dakota, and I yield 2
minutes to the Senator from Virginia.
Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, from his earliest days on the sports
fields through his military career to his days in the Senate, Bob
Dole's destiny was and is leadership. How greatly has he enriched the
lives of all of us here in the U.S. Senate. Like my good friend,
Senator Bradley, I was there on the Yeltsin trip. I remember that. I
also remember accompanying Senator Dole to a hilltop in Italy, near the
small village where he was struck down by enemy fire. But the hand of
destiny reached down, the hand of Providence, and brought him back to
serve this great Nation, to serve the world, and to become a great
leader.
He will take his place--modestly, he might not acknowledge this--but
he will take his place with Everett Dirksen, with whom our
distinguished senior colleague, Mr. Byrd, served; with Howard Baker and
with Hugh Scott. In that row of great Republican leaders, he has earned
his spot.
Commander in Chief, a position to which he aspires, and a position in
the Constitution of the United States he has fought to preserve on the
floor of this Senate from the first day that he stepped entered this
Chamber, irrespective of who has been in that office. He has been a
staunch defender of the prerogatives of the Commander in Chief. I was
proud to join with him on January 12, 1991, when we stood together for
the Persian Gulf resolution, to give the Commander in Chief the
authority to use force in the gulf. That was a hard-fought battle, a
debate ending in a vote of 52 to 47.
Most recently, in my own endeavors, he stood beside me. He did not
have to do it. He stood beside one of his colleagues in the name of
friendship and he said, ``It's not all politics. It's friendship.''
Mr. President, I close by reading a brief quotation that I carry with
me at all times. It relates to Bob Dole. Thomas Jefferson once said:
I had laid it down as law to myself, to take no notice of
the thousands of insults issued against me but to trust my
character to my own conduct and to the good sense and candor
of my fellow citizens.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I compliment my colleague from Virginia
and now recognize the Senator from West Virginia, Senator Byrd.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from West Virginia is recognized.
Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I rise to say farewell to my friend and
longstanding colleague, the able Senator from Kansas, the Senate
majority leader, Bob Dole. Bob Dole has responded to the call of duty
throughout all of his adult life, and we are all the richer for his
dedication and his work. His life and his service have made a
difference.
American politics is a rough and tumble occupation, and we in this
Chamber are all too familiar with the savagery, the criticism, the
negativity that have so infected political life in our day. But there
are times when politics must be put aside, and the honest, heartfelt
contributions that we each and all make as servants of the people must
be acknowledged.
I congratulate the majority leader on his long and distinguished
service in the Senate, and before that in the House of Representatives,
and before that, in the Kansas Legislature, to which he was elected at
the young age of 26. As one of his fellow Americans, I thank him for
his service and his bravery during World War II.
It has been a privilege and it has been a pleasure to work with
Senator Dole in the leadership positions given to both of us by our
colleagues, first when he was majority leader and I was minority
leader, and then when our roles were reversed.
Senator Dole and I are the only floor leaders in Senate history to
move from majority leader to minority leader and then back again to
majority leader. I guess it is a classic case of what comes around goes
around; or what goes around, comes around. Often, I have pondered this
turning of the Senate wheel, a continuing rotation of individuals of
different temperaments and talents, of opposing beliefs and varied
backgrounds.
I have been honored to serve in the Congress of the United States for
almost 44 years. I have witnessed the comings and I have witnessed the
goings of many fine men and women. Some were extraordinary leaders,
like Joe Martin, of Massachusetts; Sam Rayburn, of Texas; Lyndon
Johnson, of Texas; Everett Dirksen, of Illinois; Hugh Scott, of
Pennsylvania; and Howard Baker, of Tennessee; and Mike Mansfield, of
Montana; who served as Senate majority leader for 16 years. Many made
outstanding contributions to their country and were considered
irreplaceable in their time. And yet our brief appearance upon the
Senate stage is only temporary. It is applauded, remarked upon and then
forgotten, washed away like footprints in the sand by the next turn of
the wheel and the next wave of events.
But through it all, the Senate endures and goes on like Tennyson's
brook--forever. It is far, far greater than the sum of its 100 parts.
Senator Dole, in his four terms in the House and five in the Senate,
has been a serious and successful legislator. He was the 1,645th person
to have taken the oath of U.S. Senator. He has served as leader of his
party in the Senate longer than any other Republican--10 years, 11
months and 20 days, today. Bob Dole has served longer as a Republican
in Congress--35 years, 5 months and 8 days--than any other current
Republican Member of the Senate and House. Additionally, he is the only
Kansas Senator to have chaired the Senate Finance Committee.
He has earned the respect of his colleagues. He has been a hands-on
leader, often working personally with other Senators and staff to craft
legislative compromises and solutions to difficult national questions.
As Republican leader, both when he served as majority leader and as
minority leader, he was always available to work on solutions to
problems of both a national and international nature. He gave his time,
including the hours spent away from the Chamber and the Hill, wrestling
with those solutions.
I have fond memories of the time that we worked together in the 100th
Congress, when I served as majority leader and he was the minority
leader, and we succeeded in crafting important legislation, including
the landmark Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988. Together,
we developed a new trade tool for the United States called ``the super
301 law,'' which required annual reviews of foreign trade practices,
the identification of priority foreign country practices against
American products, and the triggering of automatic investigations
against such countries' practices.
Senator Dole has been particularly attentive and active in the
foreign policy and national security areas. While we have not always
agreed on specific policies, he has been a major contributor to our
Nation's policies regarding the Soviet Union before its collapse,
[[Page S6042]]
arms control, Bosnia, and the Gulf war with Iraq, to name a few
important examples.
When he was majority leader in 1985 and I was minority leader,
together we created the arms control observer group to monitor arms
control negotiations and treaties with the Soviet Union. Together, we
led a Senate delegation to the opening of United States-Soviet arms
control negotiations in Geneva that year. We also traveled together at
the request of President Reagan to Moscow to celebrate the historic
exchange of instruments by Presidents Reagan and Gorbachev ratifying
the INF treaty.
In the order of domestic policy, Senator Dole has been a long-time
central figure on farm legislation. He has amassed an impressive record
of service on behalf of the disabled and the handicapped. He has
particularly advanced the cause of handicapped children.
While I have enjoyed working together with Bob Dole, and sometimes
have equally enjoyed working at odds with him on various issues, I am
saddened that he is leaving the Senate. He will cast a long shadow as
he goes.
It isn't enough to say in our hearts
That we like a man for his ways;
It isn't enough that we fill our minds
With psalms of silent praise;
Nor is it enough that we honor a man
As our confidence upward mounts;
It's going right up to the man himself
And telling him so that counts.
So when a man does a deed that you really admire,
Don't leave a kind word unsaid.
In fear to do so will make him vain
And cause him to lose his head.
But reach out your hand and tell him, ``Well done,''
And see how his gratitude swells.
It isn't the flowers we strew on the grave,
It's the word to the living that tells.
And so I say to my friend, Bob Dole, ``Well done.''
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Democratic leader is recognized.
Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, let me begin by complimenting the
distinguished Senator from West Virginia for his eloquence. Following
his words is a very difficult task.
Senator Dole has said that he wants to be judged now as just a man.
But I think history will judge him as something more--a good leader, a
good Senator, a good American. When you are from a small State in the
Midwest, there seems to be a sense of pride in someone who makes it to
the top the hard way, with hard work, with fairness, with adherence to
principle.
Regardless of politics, religion or education, when someone starts at
the lower rung and makes it all the way up, there is a pervasive
feeling of ownership, of affinity that he is one of our own, a
Midwestern sense of self-respect that he is like us, and now just look
at where he is, what he has done and how he has done it. That is
especially true when adversity hits. When someone rises above adversity
to make it against the odds, the admiration grows greater. The greater
the adversity, the greater the adherence to principle and decency, the
greater the admiration.
Maybe that is why someone from South Dakota, someone of different
politics, different religion, different education can reflect on the
admiration that I hold for Bob Dole with the sincerity that I do now.
I have had the good fortune to work closely with the majority leader
now for 18 months. The conditions for a good working relationship could
not have been much worse. We had just lost the majority. He was the
likely nominee to run against a Democratic President, and the House
Republican leadership, now also in the majority, had proposed a
Contract With America. Of course, the events over the past year and a
half could easily have led to bitterness and personal animosity of
major consequence. I have no doubt that in virtually any other set of
circumstances, there would have been no other result.
The fact that it did not occur, and in spite of it all we remained
friendly, is due to Bob Dole and who he is. His civility, his
pragmatism, his quick wit, his self-effacing humor have not only served
him well these past 45 years of public life, but have served his
colleagues and his country well, too. His sense of fairness and decency
is a standard by which all people in public life should be held. He
believes in the institutions of democracy and has helped guide his
party and this body in a way that has enhanced them, too.
While our philosophical differences are great, his willingness to do
what is difficult has been a source of admiration and respect for us
all. His courage in standing for principle has been evident from the
start.
It was there when he broke ranks with his party to support the
landmark civil rights measures of the 1960's, most notably the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Acts of 1965 and 1982.
It was there when he championed landmark nutrition programs with a
visionary leader and a giant from South Dakota whose name was George
McGovern.
It was there in 1991 when he and our colleague, Tom Harkin, arguably
did more for the disabled than anyone in our Nation's history.
And it was there in this Congress when, against all political advice,
he fashioned a resolution on Bosnia that led to broad support for our
troops being stationed there.
I am grateful to Senator Dole for that leadership, for the decency
and fairness he has demonstrated to me over these past 18 months. I
have learned from him. It has been an invaluable education.
It has always impressed me that Bob Dole would come to my office for
a meeting--the seasoned leader coming to the newcomer, the majority
leader, coming to the minority leader's office. I thought it was yet
another demonstration of Bob Dole's grace and demeanor. I know now that
it was. I also learned that in doing so, this man, with the experience
of thousands of such meetings, could always be the one to determine
when the meeting was over.
I regret that we did not accomplish more together in these last 2
years. Obviously, bad timing was a factor. Our accomplishments have
been eclipsed by our partisanship in the eyes of the American people.
Still, nothing should cloud America's view of just a man from Kansas
who began with little, who in fighting for this country lost almost all
that he had, who came back to help lead his party and his country with
courage and civility, who leaves this place with the gratitude of us
all.
While I cannot wish him ultimate success at his next political
venture, Linda and I wish Elizabeth and Bob Dole well in their new life
ahead. May it be filled with good health and much happiness. I yield
the floor.
Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The clerk will call the roll.
The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The able Senator from Oklahoma is
recognized.
Mr. NICKLES. I ask unanimous consent that the order for the quorum
call be rescinded.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I rise on behalf of all my colleagues in
the Senate, Democrat and Republican, to say thank you to Senator Dole
for his years of service in Congress, House and Senate, but especially
the Senate, especially for his leadership, for his willingness to
really embody what leadership is all about.
The man from Russell, KS, has indeed done very well. The man from
Russell, KS, has overcome a lot of difficulties, and truly been a
national hero. I was with Senator Warner, Senator Mack, and Senator
Dole in Italy where Senator Dole nearly lost his life in Castel Diano,
and I realized what real leadership was all about, that a young man
from Russell, KS, risked his life, almost gave his life, to reestablish
freedom in a faraway land. I saw the love and respect that the people
had in northern Italy for Senator Dole, and my respect and admiration
for him only grew. It has grown as we have shared many fine years in
serving together, and I thought about this, most of our colleagues here
have only known Senator Dole as the leader or minority leader. Some
have had the pleasure of serving with Senator Baker and Senator Byrd,
as majority leader, but to our leader, we want to say thank you for
your service not only to Kansas but to our country, for reaching out in
bipartisan fashion and making great changes for this country.
I remember when you were elected chairman of the Finance Committee,
[[Page S6043]]
tax rates were 70 percent. When you were finished, they were 28
percent. The economy really grew. You forged bipartisan working
relationships with everyone. You are well liked by every Member in this
body.
I want to apologize to my friends and colleagues that have been
coming to me for the last hours, saying, ``I want to speak,'' because
we could not accommodate all the requests. I ask unanimous consent
following the swearing in of Senator Frahm, that we will keep the
Record open for the remainder of the day so that remarks can be added
to the remarks made earlier this morning.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so ordered.
Mr. NICKLES. To our leader, I say that you embody what we think is
great about a leader. That is character. That is integrity. That is
loyalty. You have earned the respect not only of your colleagues, you
have earned the respect of all Americans.
To our leader, again, a man from Russell, KS, you are our friend. You
will always be our friend. We wish you and Elizabeth every success this
year.
____________________