[Congressional Record Volume 142, Number 54 (Wednesday, April 24, 1996)]
[House]
[Pages H3806-H3810]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
{time} 2030
A VICTORY FOR THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of May
12, 1995, the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Kasich] is recognized for 60
minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
[[Page H3807]]
Mr. KASICH. Mr. Speaker, I wanted to come to the floor tonight to
essentially say that in my judgment, the American people have won a
victory in the negotiations between the Republican House and Senate and
the President of the United States. In fact, I want to just take a
moment to congratulate the Republican Members of this Congress who
decided early on that we wanted to have a comprehensive program to
balance the budget and give Americans some of their hard-earned money
back, reversing the tax increase that the President imposed in 1993.
As you know, Mr. Speaker, there have been intense negotiations going
on in the area of discretionary spending. Discretionary spending is the
kind of spending we must approve on a year-to-year basis, the only
spending that the Congress actually must vote on.
As we are all aware in this body, there has been a debate going on in
terms of the level of discretionary spending, or the spending we
approve each and every year. That is separate from the spending known
as entitlements, where if Congress did not even show up, spending would
go up automatically.
When the President vetoed our balanced budget bill, he killed all
efforts to reform and return the entitlement programs back to the
communities and towns all across this country, where Americans could
begin to design local solutions to local problems and save money, so
that we can save the next generation and end the problem of stagnant
wages and begin to solve the problems of job insecurity.
The entitlement side of this is something that we have not yet been
able to lasso in, because the President is opposed to returning these
entitlement programs to the American people, so that we can design them
using local solutions to local problems at lesser costs.
But the one area where the President was forced to sit down and
negotiate with us in order to keep the Government of the United States
on its day-to-day efforts at being run, was the appropriations process,
that spending we must approve each and every year.
In the announcement that is currently being made, it is very, very
clear that the Republicans had won a tremendous victory from the
standpoint that we will have the most dramatic change in that
discretionary or year-to-year spending that we must approve since World
War II. The people of this country should know that the Republican
budget set spending limits, and we said that we wanted to reduce
Washington spending.
As everybody knows, this has been an ongoing debate between us and
the administration, and I am here tonight to make the case, the clear
case, that saving $23 billion in spending in the fiscal year 1996
appropriation bill is historic; that in fact our children will look
back upon the passage of this bill as a significant step forward
towards balancing the Federal budget and bringing real change to this
city. In a nutshell, Mr. Speaker, the $23 billion is, frankly, again,
the most significant change that we have seen in this city since World
War II.
In fact, many people said, ``What have the Republicans gotten from
their revolution? Have the Republicans really been able to achieve
anything?''
I would argue that after only 17 months of holding office, we have
been able to deliver and will deliver here tomorrow, a bill that will
allow us to go forward, save $23 billion, and make that giant first
payment, that giant first down payment on guaranteeing that we will get
to a balanced budget, that we will empower Americans, that we will give
them some of their own tax dollars back so they can spend money on
their children.
Now, we went through a whole variety of programs that are actually
eliminated. Mr. Speaker, tonight I can show you at least four pages of
programs that have been excised, eliminated, cut, and we hope
ultimately to take some of the dollars we saved in these programs and
give these dollars back to the American people in some tax relief,
after all, it is their money, and/or apply some of this money to saving
the next generation or some of this money to balancing the budget so we
can bring about lower interest rates.
Now, could we have done better? We sure could have. There are a
number of programs here that the Congress of the United States will
continue to fund, and programs that the Congress of the United States
does not want to fund. Let me talk about one of them, the Goals 2000
program. That is a program that is being run in this city to try to
tell our mothers and fathers across this country how our children are
doing at learning.
Frankly, I do not think that the mothers and fathers that I know who
have children in school across this country need to call the Department
of Education to ask a bureaucrat, who does not even know what time zone
they live in, whether their children are learning or not. But yet the
Goals 2000 program that keeps power in this city, in the hands of
bureaucrats, and denies the full determination of whether children are
learning, denies mothers and fathers the opportunity to solely decide
whether their children are learning, has been denied to them.
I will tell you that the chairman of the Committee on Appropriations,
whenever he has somebody that wants to be part of this revolution to
downsize government, will put mothers and fathers back in charge of
evaluating how their children are doing in school. But we have a
President, an administration, that has fought day after day after day
for higher Washington spending and more control by Federal bureaucrats.
But we do not just want to focus on what we did not accomplish,
because, frankly, what we have accomplished will be that one underlying
sentence in modern history that will say that the Republican Congress
was able to stand tall and was able to put the children of this country
and the mothers and fathers who are worried about their economic future
today first.
This bill that we will bring up tomorrow will represent the most
significant change in the day-to-day spending habits of the Government
of the United States since World War II.
I now would like to yield to the chairman of the Committee on
Appropriations, the gentleman from Louisiana [Mr. Livingston], who has
done an outstanding job on this bill. It has been a pleasure for me to
be able to work with him as the chairman of the Committee on the
Budget. We have had a great and growing friendship and great and
growing respect for the job each of us is trying to do. I would like
him to talk about how proud he is of the kind of change that this
Republican Congress in just a short 17 months has been able to deliver.
I will suggest that you ain't seen nothing yet.
Mr. LIVINGSTON. I thank my friend, the distinguished chairman of the
Committee on the Budget, for yielding to me. I want to compliment him
on articulating the agenda of this Republican Congress, the 104th
Congress, which in fact is keeping its promise that it made to the
American people when we ran.
{time} 2045
We told them, Mr. Speaker, we wanted to reduce the cost of
Government. We wanted to get our hands out of the pockets of the
taxpayers so that the American family would have more money to spend on
the welfare of their own children, on the education of their children,
and that we would reduce the role of Government in the way of cutting
back on the numbers of programs, on agencies and on departments. And we
have done just that.
The distinguished chairman of the Committee on the Budget has
provided a road map for all of Congress to follow, along with the
chairman of the Senate Committee on the Budget, Senator Domenici. The
two of them have worked hand in glove together to put this country on a
firm and financially sound footing.
And from our standpoint in the Committee on Appropriations, we have
tried to accept their guidelines gladly and comply with their
guidelines so that we have, indeed, been able to reap great savings to
the American taxpayer.
Frankly, that is where we are, Mr. Speaker. Through this great
effort, we can now say with great pride that 6 months ago the political
and economic gurus were predicting that in fiscal year 1996 we would be
faced with a $200 billion deficit for this year. And what do we hear
now? It is now $144 billion for fiscal year 1996, the same fiscal year.
In other words, we are coming in
[[Page H3808]]
at $54 billion lower than we were expected to come in only 6 months
ago.
I think that is largely due to the great work of the Committee on the
Budget, working in tandem with all of the other committees in Congress
to comply with their guidelines, as well as our own accomplishments.
On the Committee on Appropriations, we only have jurisdiction over
one-third of the Federal spending in a single year, but in fiscal year
1995, since we took office, we were able to reap $20 billion of savings
under what would have been otherwise spent; and this year, with the
completed package that is now being finalized back in the back rooms of
Congress and will be voted on tomorrow by, hopefully, a majority of the
Members of the House and a majority of the Members of the Senate, so we
can hopefully send the bill over to the President for his signature, we
find that we are going to reap another ``another'' $23 billion in
savings over and above the $20 billion in savings that we got in fiscal
year 1995, for a net total of savings in the discretionary budget of
some $43 billion under what would have been spent had the Republicans
not taken control of Congress on January 1, 1995.
So I think when the dust is settled, and as the gentleman has pointed
out, this is the greatest amount of savings since World War II, and
when the dust is settled, when our children and our grandchildren sit
there and thumb through the history books and say what was accomplished
in that 104th Congress, they will totally disregard or totally not
understand that some people had quarrels with the spending on one
program, other people had quarrels with spending on another program,
but what they will see are those bottom line figures.
For the first time in modern contemporary history, instead of
spending more on discretionary spending, instead of finding new
programs, instead of finding new agencies, instead of finding new
departments and spending what we spent last year plus an inflation
kicker on all of them, for the first time we have cut the number of
programs, well over 200 programs in fiscal year 1996. We have
eliminated agencies, we have cut down on the duplication and waste, and
since January 1, 1995, we have saved the American taxpayer $43 billion.
That is not chicken feed. That is real savings to the taxpayer, and
it shows the conclusion that the average vote had come to over the last
10 years, that there was no hope for turning back the ever-increasing
cost and growth of Government, is false. It is simply not true. We are
scaling back the cost of Government.
And if the President would start complying with his promises to
reform welfare as we know it, to fix the Medicare system, as his own
commissioners say must be done, to acknowledge the fact that many of
our States today are in trouble on Medicaid, as we speak, and to know
that with respect to Social Security, if you ask a large group of
people under the age of 35, a majority of them think they are more
likely to see a UFO, an unidentified flying object, than they are to
collect on Social Security program, and you add that together, if we
get the President to face up to those very real problems, we can do
exactly what the chairman of the Committee on the Budget has
accomplished in pushing through the House of Representatives along with
his counterpart in the Senate, we can balance this budget by the year
2002.
We can do it. We all know that we can do it because we have got a
floor plan that has been promoted and proposed and drawn up by the
distinguished chairman and it can be done. All we need is the political
will in the White House to do it.
Mr. KASICH. Let me just ask the chairman, if he would, let us just
put this in terms that Americans can understand, so when they are going
to work tomorrow they can turn to the person next to them and say, you
know, we thought the Republicans were not getting anywhere, but did you
hear that they were able to cut the Washington spending and the waste
and the abuse, and they were actually able to save us $23 billion this
year.
Is that right, I ask the chairman of the committee? Is there anything
more complicated than that?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. No more complicated, and just a little bit better
when one considers that 200 programs, each with its own good intent,
but each with its overlapping and duplicative bureaucracy, ceases to
exist with the signature of the President on this bill.
So 200 programs are no longer in existence, $23 billion is saved for
the American taxpayer, and the cost of Government is no longer rising,
it is falling.
Mr. KASICH. And what was the greatest obstacle, Mr. Chairman, that
you faced in being able to accomplish this job of saving us this money?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Well, quite frankly, the obstacles did not arise in
the House or in the Senate, the obstacles arose and emanated there from
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. Because if we had had the cooperation of
those good folks, it would not have taken us a year and a quarter to
complete this process.
Mr. KASICH. So, in other words, even though the President talks about
his wanting to, well, he declares the era of big Government being over,
he fought for virtually every dime of Washington spending that ends up
in the hands of the Federal bureaucrats. He fought for this, and you
fought against him, and this House and Senate stood tall and we
actually were able to save the most significant amount of money for our
children that we have since World War II; is that correct?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. That is correct. And in fairness to the negotiators
who participated on behalf of the White House, the fact is that they
did negotiate, we have a package, and I do hope that the President will
sign that package. I have every reason to believe that he will. Had
they been more obstinate, I suppose it might have been impossible to
reach an agreement. But I am delighted an agreement has been reached.
And one thing I will say, from the very beginning, we never deviated
from the ground rules. The Committee on the Budget gave us our
instructions: Stay within your budget allocations, make sure that you
save the American people that $23 billion. If you have to raise money
for the President on some programs, take it out of that discretionary
pot and make sure that you cut other programs. And that is what we did.
We took the chairman's admonition to stay within our budget caps. We
stayed within them, and the American people are $23 billion richer in
that they have not spent another $23 billion that they would have spent
had we not done what we set out to do.
Mr. KASICH. Of course, again, what the people need to understand is
this is really the only spending that the Congress of the United States
was forced to approve in cooperation with the President. Is that
correct? This is the only spending where, if we didn't come to work,
Government would shut down; is that correct?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. That is correct. And as we all remember, when this
House passed an Interior bill, a Commerce, State, Justice bill, and one
other appropriations bill before Christmas, the President vetoed all
three of those bills and, in fact, the government did shut down.
Likewise, when the Senate did not pass the Labor, Health and Human
Services bill, frankly, that was in jeopardy of closing the government.
But we tried that. That was done on all sides, and, frankly, nobody
felt they came out the better for it. We had to go back to the table.
But we couldn't override the President's vetoes and we were left with
no choice. So the idea was to negotiate with the President and still
reach those budget caps. We did that and we have those savings.
Mr. KASICH. But we had to drag them kicking and screaming all the way
to the water bucket and force them to drink, did we not?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. The President wanted much more spending.
Mr. KASICH. Let me just say, though, and I do not want to give just a
civic lesson this morning, but for our colleagues who are watching this
special order, our own colleagues, the discretionary spending, this
year-to year spending that we must approve in order to keep government
working, is only one-third of the budget. The other two-thirds of the
budget is interest on the national debt and the entitlement programs.
Now, if Bob Livingston and John Kasich and Christopher Shays and
Peter Torkildsen would not even
[[Page H3809]]
come to Washington, along with the rest of the Congress, that spending
goes up automatically; is that correct?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Automatically.
Mr. KASICH. Two-thirds of the budget is on automatic pilot going
through the roof, threatening the future of our children, threatening
economic security for every American today, and denying the American
people a right to run their own programs with their own money, using
their own judgments in their own communities.
We cannot force the President to sign a bill to give us those
reforms, can we?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Absolutely not. And I would point out to the
gentleman, as he well knows, that the formula around here in Congress
in the old days was very simple: We spent that much on that many
programs. We need more programs, we will create several new programs,
and we will throw in an inflation kicker, and for good will we will
throw in a few more dollars on top of that.
So we were always spending more and more and more and more money. And
then, all of a sudden, something funny happened on the way to the
polls, Republicans took control of the House and the Senate and we have
reversed that trend. We are now spending less and less. $20 billion of
savings in fiscal year 1995 and $23 billion in 1996.
Mr. KASICH. It is just a shame that we cannot get or enter into with
him the process that forces us to reform those entitlements, is it not?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Well, if the President had signed the bill that you,
Mr. Chairman, pushed through this Congress, frankly, we would be well
on our way to a balanced budget by the year 2002. The fact he vetoes it
makes me very, very frightened when I look at that chart that I have
been showing around recently that shows that big red portion
representing interest on the debt, which is so large that within a year
or so it is going to exceed what we spend on the defense of this
Nation.
We will spend more money just paying off the interest on our
borrowings of past years than we will spend on the defense of this
Nation. That is a frightening thought. And if that trend continues, our
children will either have to pay extraordinary taxes to have the
benefits at all and still will probably have to pay high taxes.
Mr. KASICH. But I would say to the gentleman, that staying within the
blueprint that the Republicans laid out, you have achieved a major
piece of that. If we were to achieve the other pieces of that
blueprint, we would not only be able to balance the budget in the
conventional terms in which we define it, we would also return an awful
lot of power and money and influence to the American people and all the
cities and towns across this country. We would guarantee a bright light
at the end of this tunnel for our children so that they will have a
beautiful American legacy, we would be able to give tax relief.
And, you know, in 1993 we raised taxes. The President says he raised
them too much. What we are trying to do is cancel out those tax
increases, frankly. And if we could just get the rest of this job done
the right way, we would make for a better America, wouldn't we?
Mr. LIVINGSTON. So much so that we would also get the government out
of competition for American dollars. We would cease to borrow money.
And if we could cease to borrow money, that means interest rates would
come down, and by Alan Greenspan's estimates, the chairman of the
Federal Reserve, come down as much as two full percentage points, which
means two points off the cost of your mortgage on your house; two
points off the loan you use to send your kids to college; and two
points off the loan you used to buy your car.
{time} 2100
Significant savings to the American people, if only the Government
would stop borrowing in order to conduct its business year after year.
Mr. KASICH. Mr. Speaker, I would ask the gentleman if he would stay
for just a few more minutes. I would like to yield to the gentleman
from Connecticut [Mr. Shays], a member of the Committee on the Budget
who has felt passionately about the need to attack these problems.
Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Speaker, as I was hearing both of the gentlemen, both
chairmen of this new Republican majority, I just kind of stood in awe
thinking of the fact that the gentleman from Louisiana [Mr. Livingston]
was the fifth ranking Member of the Committee on Appropriations. This
new Republican majority said that we wanted the best and the brightest
to take these positions. They were given that assignment. I was
thinking what a thankless task it has been for them.
There is not a Member that has not been disappointed with certain
parts of the hard decisions that they have had to make. I just wanted
to come personally and thank my colleague for the extraordinary job he
has done as the chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, the
chairman who has actually had to make cuts in budgets.
We slowed the growth of Medicare and Medicaid but we still allow them
to grow significantly. But you actually said, we are going to spend
less dollars next year than the year we are in. And you are doing
exactly what we intended to do. We wanted to get our financial house in
order and balance our Federal budget. We want to save our trust funds
for future generations. And most importantly, we want to transform this
social and corporate welfare state, this caretaking society into a
caring opportunity society. And I just wanted to thank you for the work
you are doing and to celebrate the fact that it has been a long and
arduous journey, but you have done it.
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for his comments.
I just know that he is one of the foremost among us in this House and
empathizes with the hardship that the American family faces every day.
Whether it is a two-parent family or a one-parent family who is
struggling to raise his or her or their children, in this environment
they have got to work maybe more than one job a day and they are
struggling.
When the Government takes, continues to take that bite out of their
pocketbooks and send the money to Washington because they say that
Washington can spend their money better, those folks intuitively know
that that is not true. They know that they have to balance their books,
and they know that, if their expenses exceed their income, that they
are going to run into financial trouble and possibly even legal
trouble. Those people that run small businesses and large businesses as
well know that at the end of the year they have got to balance their
books or at the end of the month they have got to balance their books.
Their income has to match their outflow.
Mr. Speaker, they just cannot understand that since World War II, the
American people, the U.S. Congress has only balanced its books, I
think, three times, three times. Otherwise we have been spending more
than we receive, and we borrow the difference and just say, well, let
our children pay the bill.
Mr. KASICH. Mr. Speaker, let me just say that it is in my judgment
even more than about just adding up this column with this column.
Frankly, Americans for a significant period of time now believe that
their hard-earned tax dollars are going to programs that do not make
sense, programs in this city, run by people addicted to Washington
spending, who do not do it with a sign above their desk that says, this
is not your money.
In other words, the American people believe the people in this city
are not good stewards of their hard-earned pay. They are sick and tired
of sending money, power and influence to this city, a city that has
been proceeding on a course that is bankrupting this country and at the
same time not solving the problems that we have.
Do my colleagues know what I think Americans are saying? Let me do
it. Let me keep my money in my community. Let me have my influence
back. Let me have control of my neighborhood.
Mr. Bureaucrat in Washington, I do not really need you in my
neighborhood. Frankly, I wish you would just stay in Washington and let
me run my own neighborhood.
What you have delivered to us, Mr. Chairman, is a new process. You
have given us a new paradigm. That new paradigm is that this city
counts less and people out across this countryside count more. This is
a response to what the American people have wanted in this country.
Mr. Speaker, I will suggest that, if we had not stood on principle,
if we had
[[Page H3810]]
not made the fight that we have made, we would have lost this. It would
have been business as usual. Did we get everything we wanted? Of course
not, because we have a crowd downtown that does not want to put people
back in charge of their neighborhoods. But we are going to fight for
it. We are going to fight for it on this. We are going to fight for it
on welfare. We are going to fight for it to give our senior citizens
choice on Medicare. We are going to give people their tax dollars back.
And we are going to save not only the future for our children, but we
are going to guarantee economic security today for the American family.
You cannot have it with runaway Washington spending and debt and
bureaucracy and standing in line.
This does not get it all done, but that sure delivers a very strong
message and accomplishes a great deal. And you, sir, should be very
proud of what you and your committee were able to achieve.
Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, we could not have done it without the
cooperation of both the gentlemen who have addressed me.
I just want to say that the appropriations process for the 104th
Congress is a three-act play. Fiscal year 1995 was act one. We saved
$20 billion. Fiscal year 1996 is, and we are drawing to a closure, is
almost to an end, and we are saving $23 billion. And we go next week to
fiscal year 1997. With the help of the chairman of the Committee on the
Budget and the gentleman from Connecticut and all of our other
colleagues, I think we are going to have as much to crow about at the
end of fiscal year 1997 or more than we do today.
____________________