[Congressional Record Volume 141, Number 109 (Friday, June 30, 1995)]
[House]
[Pages H6661-H6675]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
CONFERENCE REPORT ON H.R. 483, MEDICARE SELECT POLICIES
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, by direction of the Committee on Rules, I
call up House Resolution 180 and ask for its immediate consideration.
The Clerk read the resolution, as follows:
H. Res. 180
Resolved, That, upon adoption of this resolution it shall
be in order to consider the conference report to accompany
the bill (H.R. 483) to amend title XVIII of the Social
Security Act to permit medicare select policies to be offered
in all States, and for other purposes. All points of order
against the conference report and against its consideration
are waived. The conference report shall be debatable for one
hour equally divided and controlled by the chairman and
ranking minority member of the Committee on Commerce. The
previous question shall be considered as ordered on the
conference report to final adoption without intervening
motion. Upon the adoption of the conference report, Senate
Concurrent Resolution 19 shall be considered as agreed to.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentlewoman from Ohio [Mrs. Pryce] is
recognized for 1 hour.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, for the purposes of debate only, I yield the
customary 30 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California
[Mr. Beilenson], pending which I yield myself such time as I may
consume.
During consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is for the
purpose of debate only.
Mr. Speaker, time is of the essence. Once again, that is the basic
principle underlying our consideration of legislation to extend the
Medicare Select Demonstration Program.
In April, the Rules Committee reported a timely rule for H.R. 483.
Today, we bring to the floor a rule making in order the conference
report accompanying H.R. 483, with only hours to go before this
valuable program is set to expire.
In 1990, Congress created the 15-State demonstration Medicare Select
Program to allow Medicare recipients the opportunity of purchasing a
Medigap managed care option. The project in those states is set to
expire today,June 30, and unless Congress takes prompt action to renew
it, the insurance benefits of nearly half a million senior citizens
covered by the Medicare Select Program would be in serious jeopardy.
The conference agreement extends the Medicare Select Program for a
period of 3 years. It also expands this option to seniors in all 50
States, and puts it on track to finally becoming permanent if the
Secretary of Health and Human Services certifies that the program has
met certain conditions.
In addition, the conference agreement clarifies that the definition
of a State, for the purposes of this bill, includes the District of
Columbia and the territories of the United States: Guam, Puerto Rico,
the Virgin islands, and American Samoa.
In order to expedite consideration of this conference agreement in
the House, and to ensure that seniors will have uninterrupted coverage,
the Committee on Rules has reported a straightforward and fair rule for
this very necessary legislation.
Specifically, the rule provides for 1 hour of general debate on the
conference report, equally divided and controlled by the chairman and
ranking minority member of the Committee on Commerce.
The rule also stipulates that the previous question shall be
considered as ordered on the conference report to final adoption
without any intervening motion.
Under the rule, all points of order against the conference report and
its consideration are waived. While the Rules Committee generally
prefers to avoid handing out such blanket waivers, this waiver and the
rule itself are necessary because of a potential violation of clause 3
of rule XXVIII (28), which prohibits the inclusion of matters in a
conference report beyond the scope of matters committed to conference
by either Chamber.
A question has arisen as to the apparent lack of definition of the
term State in either the House or Senate-passed bills. As I mentioned
earlier in my statement, the conference report contains a definition of
States which includes the District of Columbia and U.S. territories.
The waiver granted in the rule is a precautionary step to ensure that
passage of this critical legislation is not unnecessarily stalled by
this particular provision or by any other unforeseen, yet potential
violation contained in the conference report.
Members might be interested to know, also that this rule fully
complies with the 3-day availability requirement for conference
reports, as the report was filed on June 22.
Mr. Speaker, the conference agreement provides a reasonable balance
to permit a very valuable, and successful program for our senior
citizens to continue, while allowing us time to evaluate the program
more closely before making it permanent.
Our colleagues should keep in mind that the Medicare Select Program
provides seniors with another viable option to receive affordable
medical care. Premiums under the select option have resulted in savings
as high as 37 percent over traditional Medigap policies. By giving
older Americans more
[[Page H6662]]
choices within Medigap, we give them the flexibility to choose plans
which meet their own special or individual needs.
In closing, I would remind our colleagues that the sponsors of this
legislation have made it very clear that the House needs to act on this
bill before leaving for the Fourth of July district work period. The
Medicare Select Program is only hours away from expiring.
More than 450,000 Medicare beneficiaries will be impacted if the
Medicare Select Program is not renewed. The Senate adopted the
conference report on June 26. This rule will enable the House do to its
part for our senior citizens.
Mr. Speaker, House Resolution 180 is a fair, balanced, and
responsible rule. It was approved unanimously by the Rules Committee
last night, and I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to give
it their full support.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman from Ohio for
yielding time to me. I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, we support the rule which, as my colleague and friend on
the Committee on Rules has pointed out, waives all points of order
against the conference report and is necessary because the conferees
added new material not included in the House or the Senate bill.
The addition is minor. That is why we agreed unanimously last night
to this rule for the conference report.
The legislation we are about to consider under this rule would expand
the availability of an experimental Medigap Program, known as Medicare
Select, from 15 States to the rest of the country. The Medicare Select
Program makes available to senior citizens a managed care insurance
policy to fill in the gaps of Medicare coverage. It differs from other
Medigap policies that require senior citizens to participate in the
insurer's selected network of health care providers in order to receive
payment for Medicare's cost sharing amounts.
There have been a number of substantial concerns raised about the
operation of Medicare Select Programs. In its initial estimate of the
bill, CBO noted that a preliminary study of this program by the Health
Care Financing Administration found very little management of care by
the insurers and no measurable cost savings to Medicare.
In addition, preliminary data for a subsequent study indicate that
Medicare costs have actually gone up in eight of the States where these
programs now operate. Many of us had hoped that we would be able to
postpone final consideration of the bill until results of the
subsequent study are available to the Congress sometime this fall. We
would be in a better position to evaluate the usefulness and cost of
this alternative program to the elderly who choose to participate in
it. Nonetheless, we understand that the proponents of this legislation
feel it is important to complete consideration as soon as possible to
ensure that the beneficiaries currently enrolled in the program do not
lose their coverage.
{time} 1100
In addition, Mr. Speaker, the conference report extends the
authorization for the program for only 3 rather than the 5 years
included in the original House and Senate bills. It also allows the
Secretary of HHS to discontinue the program at the end of 5 years, if
it is determined that the program results in higher premium costs to
beneficiaries or increased costs to the Medicare Program itself.
This issue of cost is, Mr. Speaker, of course one of the real major
and regular concerns about Medicare Select. Our colleagues will fully
discuss all of this during the debate on the conference report.
We have absolutely no objection to the rule reported by the Committee
on Rules last evening for consideration of this conference report. We
urge our colleagues to approve the rule so we may proceed with
consideration of H.R. 483 today.
Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the distinguished
gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Dingell].
(Mr. DINGELL asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, this is a bad rule, it is a bad bill, it is
bad legislation, it has been handled poorly, it is going to hurt the
American people, it is going to raise the cost of Medicare, and it is
going to be generally bad for the economy, the country, and the budget.
Having said, that, Mr. Speaker, it is probably OK to proceed.
I would urge my colleagues to vote this rule down. I would urge them
with equal vigor and diligence to vote down the legislation. The bill
is being pushed more rapidly than information is available, and more
rapidly than the committee or the House is being permitted to gather
the facts about what the legislation does.
Initial information shows that Medicare has had its costs increased
17 percent on the average in States in which this Medicare Select
Program has been made available. What that means is that senior
citizens are getting less for more, and the Medicare system is getting
billed more for less. This is a wonderful giveaway to the health
insurance companies. It is being crafted in a fashion which defies good
explanation.
The rule is needed today because the Republican leadership pushed
this bill through the House without adequate thought, and then rushed
it to a conference which did not deserve that honorable title between
the House and Senate. We had a conferees meeting, which was scheduled
for 5 p.m. one day last week. It was over at 5:01 p.m. Only yesterday
did the Republican leadership become aware of the fact that they had a
number of significant scope violations in a two-page bill.
Clearly slovenly legislation, slovenly legislative process is before
this body. The issues presented in the statement of managers and in the
offers passed back and forth between the House and Senate were
presented as merely technical, but they were in fact highly
substantive, and they will, for example, try to make gifts through
these devices to the health insurance industry.
The result of this action is also to assure that the study which
should take place to find out what is really going to happen under this
Medicare Select Program will be so crafted as to make it very difficult
to in fact obtain the necessary facts that the Congress ought to have,
to know whether we ought to continue to extend this outrage, or whether
in fact we ought to terminate it, as we indeed should.
The scope of the bill was expanded so that insurance companies can
sell highly questionable policies not only in 50 States but in the
territories and in the District of Columbia as well. I am certain that
there are a number of guileless, unsuspecting elderly consumers in
these locations that can be plucked for further advantage and further
economic benefit to the health insurance industry.
Of course, the health insurance industry will profit mightily from
this further largesse by this Congress under the Republican leadership
at the expense of the taxpayers, at the expense of the budget, and at
the expense of Medicare recipients.
The subjects of the GAO study in the bill was changed, so it will be
more difficult for us to get GAO to present us with options for
modifying the MediGap market, and therefore, to be sure that the
seniors who switch out of these Medicare select policies can do so in a
way where they can get back into a decent package of insurance.
Understand, this is insurance which does not go on a level basis, it
starts at about $870 a year, if one is 65, but by the time one has
reached 85, it is going to cost $2,300 or $2,400. Nobody is telling the
senior citizens about that at all. Of course, the process here has been
crafted so as to proceed with such blinding speed that no one will see
that the senior citizens, the Medicare trust fund, the American people,
are going to get skinned by this outrage.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote against the rule. I urge
them to vote against the bill. I predict that if this bill passes and
is signed into law, we are going to find that Medicare is going to cost
the taxpayers and the trust fund about an additional 17 percent. I tell
the Members, they should put that in their book. They are going to have
a chance to remember that when we review this legislation.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished
gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas], chairman of the Subcommittee on
Health of the Committee on Ways and Means.
[[Page H6663]]
Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, I had not planned to speak, but I do want to
put the statements of the gentleman from Michigan in context. He was
one of the 14 who voted against the bill originally. There were 408
Members who supported it.
Mr. Speaker, on April 4 he sent out a Dear Colleague letter that
said, ``Why the rush to bring H.R. 483 to the floor this week?'' He
just in the well stated, ``Why the rush on moving forward with this
legislation?'' June 30, today, is the expiration date for this program.
I would think that is why the rush argument has been laid to rest.
As far as scope is concerned, we said it was going to be available to
50 States. The majority on the other side of the aisle, in their
wisdom, decided to contest that; since the 50 States was extending it
to the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, as according to the Social
Security Act, they were going to argue that was out of scope, so we
simply went to the Committee on Rules to make sure that we could
include the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico in the scope.
As to the GAO study, I think the gentleman from Michigan [Mr.
Dingell] knows that we do not need legislation to get a GAO study. A
Member just has to ask.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Maine [Mr. Baldacci].
Mr. BALDACCI. Mr. Speaker, it is the height of hypocrisy for the
majority party to pat themselves on the back for restoring the Medicare
Select Program, when just hours ago they cut $270 billion from Medicare
to help pay for tax breaks for the wealthy.
The Medicare Select Program is a good program. It is a program that
pays the cost for sharing of Medicare beneficiaries if they go into a
selected list of providers, but the Medicare Select Program is a
supplemental program, and after today, it has nothing to supplement.
Medicare select is a worthwhile program, but this worthy program
cannot begin to make up for the damage of the massive Medicare cuts
made earlier. Medicare select is supposed to be the frosting on the
Medicare cake, not the entire cake. A diet of frosting only is bound to
make the stomachs of America's seniors upset. I know that is how I feel
today.
general leave
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may
have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks on
this legislation.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentlewoman from Ohio?
There was no objection.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to
the gentleman from California [Mr. Stark], the ranking member of the
subcommittee.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished gentleman for
yielding time to me.
Mr. Speaker, I rise in hopeless opposition to a rule that was crafted
in the dead of night, and I rise to warn the American public. The
gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Dingell], who spoke a few minutes ago, was
absolutely correct. This is terribly flawed legislation. This bill
destroys a fairly good idea.
This bill has been introduced and written by former operatives of the
health insurance industry. It deregulates supplemental insurance, and
provides an opportunity for the worst shylocks in the health insurance
industry to steal from the Medicare system and from our seniors.
Sitting right over there is a man who, within the past year, has
received hundreds of thousands of dollars from the health insurance
industry. He is a Republican Committee on Ways and Means staff person
who drafted this bill for the health insurance industry.
Mr. Speaker, they are entitled to get payback for the huge
contributions they made to the Speaker's campaign funds. That is OK. We
know that goes on. However, I am telling the Members, Mr. Speaker, that
what has happened here presages doom. If this kind of sloppily drafted
legislation is how the Republicans think they are going to find a way
to cut $270 billion out of Medicare, they would save everybody a lot of
time by just moving to eliminate Medicare, because they will do it
through stupidity, lack of experience, urgency to provide help to the
people who have feathered their campaign nests, and with complete
disregard for the seniors.
Mr. Speaker, the seniors who sign up for this in States where it is
not regulated, and it is regulated in those States, it is regulated by
no one except the good conscience of the insurance companies. Companies
like Prudential, who have stolen billions of dollars from seniors,
companies that are under indictment or have pled guilty and paid $300
million, $400 million in fines are the same companies who are going to
take care of our parents, and indeed ourselves, under this plan. Do not
buy into that.
Mr. Speaker, this is just a precursor of the Republican plan to
destroy Medicare. We will hear about it after the recess. We will hear
about taking $270 billion out of the most popular program, the most
efficient insurance program in the country. It is being done at the
behest of the health insurance companies by the Republicans. Members
should vote against this rule in protest, and Members should vote
against the bill.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to
the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Gene Green].
(Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas asked and was given permission to revise and
extend his remarks.)
Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague, the
gentleman from California, for yielding me this time.
Mr. Speaker, I voted for the Medicare Select bill as it first came
up, and now I intend to support the conference committee report. But I
have some concern about it, in light of the big picture. That is what
we need to look at today on this House floor. I hope the American
people are looking at it, particularly those people who are senior
citizens.
Mr. Speaker, the budget resolution was passed yesterday, planning
$270 billion in cuts in Medicare, and at the same time providing tax
cuts of $245 billion. I do not think it makes sense that today, the
very next day, we have a conference committee report on Medicare
Select, which supplements the same Medicare Program that was cut
yesterday.
Those of us who support the HMO concept and managed care, still
support the individual making that decision. However, with what
happened yesterday and what will happen over the next few years, we
will see that freedom of choice for our seniors and future seniors
limited. It has not happened yet, but we are setting the stage for it,
as we stand here.
I represent the city of Houston in Harris County. We have 286,000
seniors who receive over $1.5 billion in Medicare payments. A $270
billion cut nationally over the next few years will impact those
seniors. Mr. Speaker, the Republicans seem to not understand that
health care costs are going up, and they are going up because we are an
aging population. To cut those seniors, the growth, as they say, will
force them to go into more managed care and into Medicare Select like
we are seeing today.
We are voting on the conference committee report that offers seniors
hopefully the goal of more coverage under the HMO and more expansion,
but the secret of the HMO concept for seniors is freedom of choice,
their freedom of choice to go into it, not somebody in Washington, a
bureaucrat or even their elected Members of Congress saying, ``You have
to go to a Medicare Select plan.''
Mr. Speaker, let me repeat what we are talking about today. We will
see over the next few years senior citizens being forced into the
Medicare Select or other HMO programs, removing that freedom of choice
as part of the way to save that $270 billion. That is what people need
to understand. That is the fear I hear from my constituents at home.
Mr. Speaker, last Monday I was with a hundred senior citizens in the
city of Houston. Some of them were in the Medicare Select or the HMO
that is offered by a number of private contractors. Some of them were
happy with it. However, they wanted to make sure it was their choice,
not the choice of the U.S. Congress or that of some bureaucrat. We
promised Medicare in 1965.
[[Page H6664]]
Frankly, if we waited for the Republican majority to provide for
Medicare back then, it would not be here today.
{time} 1115
I guess what I am concerned about is the forced cuts, Mr. Speaker,
particularly in the budget bill passed yesterday with the change in the
Consumer Price Index, and again in light of what is happening today
with this bill.
We will see the Consumer Price Index readjusted to where the cost of
living increases in Social Security will be reduced. That reduction,
with the increase in Medicare expenditures, will cost senior citizens
who are now receiving it, and again those who are growing into it,
those 60-year-olds, those 55-year-olds who are looking forward to be
able to have some type of security and having medical care when they
are over 65.
I like the idea of Medicare select, Mr. Speaker, but I do not like
the idea when we encompass everything together with the cuts we will
see and the forced choices those people are going to have to make. I
think that is what we need to be concerned about. I would hope over the
Fourth of July recess and over the next couple of months and even over
the next few years, because this will not happen today or tomorrow or
next week, but it will surely happen with the budget vote yesterday to
cut $270 billion out of the growth of Medicare.
Mr. Speaker, I hope that all of our Members remember that, when we
vote for this bill.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished
gentlewoman from Connecticut [Mrs. Johnson].
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I just want to thank the
preceding speaker for his support of Medicare select. There were 408
Members of this House that voted for it. I hope every one of those 408
Members will vote for it again, because this is an entirely voluntary
alternative for our seniors. In the States where it has been available,
it has offered them more care at a lower cost and been well-regulated
by both the State and the industry and some Federal rules.
I also want to point out that as we reform Medicare, as we assure
that Medicare will be there for our seniors and provide the quality of
care that we have depended on Medicare for, we will over the next 7
years increase spending per senior in America from $4,800 on average to
$6,700 on average. That is a one-third increase, a very solid increase
in the face of declining costs in the health care sector. Our seniors
are going to be well cared for.
While change is hard, if it is made with concern and in a responsible
way, we can increase the money that we make available for senior care
per capita throughout this Nation in an honorable way and one that
supports the needs of retirees in this great Nation of ours.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
North Dakota [Mr. Pomeroy].
Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Speaker, it has been a contentious, partisan week in
the House of Representatives, and much of the division has involved the
Medicare Program. The budget passed by this House yesterday on a
largely partisan vote imposes cuts of $284 billion that will be
devastating to the program.
That will definitely mean higher out-of-pocket costs for seniors and
less choice. I feel bad about that issue this morning and bad about the
way the House resolved it and anxious about how those cuts will
actually be put in place as we deal with the legislation that is before
us.
It is sometimes difficult, then, to get on to other issues where
there is in essence no partisan division, where it is a pretty clear
and simple little bill that ought not have some of the rancor from
earlier debates spilling over into it, but that is not precisely the
case with the Medicare select extension before us today.
It passed the first time in the House of Representatives 408 to 14,
most Democrats, most Republicans joining together in a rather unusual
show of bipartisan support for a program. Why did that vote occur?
Because I think the Members recognized that a program such as this, a
voluntary way for seniors to opt for an insurance program that is going
to give them a premium discount, that has had a successful run in the
15 States that have been allowed to run the Medicare Select Program,
ought to be extended to the 50 States, ought to be given a 3-year
extension so that the marketing of this program can begin in earnest.
I know something about this program. I was the insurance commissioner
in North Dakota at the time it passed. I lobbied HHS to get North
Dakota into the program because I believed in it. Ten thousand North
Dakotans participate in this program. They get a monthly savings in
premium amounting to 17 percent below those buying the Blue Cross/Blue
Shield Medicare supplement that is not Med select.
Medicare select saves money. It negotiates discounts from the
hospital and passes it on to the senior citizen. It also passes on any
managed-care savings experienced in claims payment to the senior
citizen purchasing the insurance policy.
What is wrong with this? Is this some sort of diabolical plot by the
evil insurance industry? Certainly not. Certainly not. It is a simple
little program, it works well, and we ought not take some of the bad
feeling we have about some of the other discussions going on around
here and bring it to this little issue. Medicare select should be
passed. This House passed it once before, 408 to 14, and I trust we
will again this morning.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 7 minutes to the gentleman from
Rhode Island [Mr. Kennedy].
Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. Speaker, I was among those who voted
against it when it came to the floor last time, and I want to correct
something that my colleague was talking about in terms of leaving it up
to the States.
Maybe it was good for North Dakota, and I am sure my colleague, when
he was an insurance commissioner, looked out for the consumers, but I
can tell you the problem with having 50 different select plans, 50
different select plans regulated by 50 different States. It means that
seniors in one State, like in my State of Rhode Island, if they have
their Medicare Select MediGap plan and they go over to Massachusetts,
it is a different plan. That, to me, does not sound like the proper
approach to take to this when we are talking about needing
comprehensive savings.
In addition, I just want to talk a little bit about this so-called
increased choice. Under the guise of giving seniors increased choice,
Congress is about to pass legislation that will in fact box them in.
Yes, one more plan will now be available, but it is a narrow one and it
is difficult, leaving many seniors in a potentially very risky
situation. More choice do not simply mean better choices. For seniors
who are considering the Medicare select policy, keep one thing in mind:
This plan could be hazardous to your health.
When Medicare select came before us the last time, I supported an
alternative that addressed the serious flaws in Medicare select. This
amendment would have ended the problems with price rising with age,
lowered the barriers that make it difficult and risky and dangerous for
seniors to switch, and would have limited the extension until we know
that this is a really good idea, because the jury is still out.
Let me just add, what this does it, it puts it into the insurance
companies' hands and allows them to come up with the rating system. I
have seen these Medicare select plans, because in my State I represent
the fourth most elderly district in this country, and the senior
citizens in my State are worried about this because they know better
than we do what is coming down the road.
It means that they are going to be able to age-rate you. What does
that mean? That means when you get older, they are going to be able to
jack up the premiums, and because you are locked into this plan now,
you are locked in for life.
You try to switch, and guess what: You are going to be paying all
those preexisting condition prices, because another insurance company
is not going to want to pick up because you may have had asthma, you
may have had some kind of visiting nurse care you might have needed,
and new plans are not going to want to touch you.
[[Page H6665]]
Why? Because they are not going to make money off of you. Because if
you are sick, insurance companies do not want to cover you. That is why
we have Government, because Government is going to regulate the private
sector when it comes to insurance, to make sure that the private sector
does not run roughshod over the senior citizens and take advantage of
them.
Believe me, if you do not think they are going to do it, you have got
another think coming, because these HMO plans are all about making
money, and they do not make money off people who are sick. They do not
make money off senior citizens.
Be careful, Members. Be careful when you vote for the select plan,
because the Republicans did not allow enough time for us to do a proper
study of this and now they want to open it up to all the States under
the guise of new choice.
What is that new choice? It is a bait-and-switch routine. It says new
choice. We do not want to face the tough choices, so we will let this
private marketplace reduce your benefits. That is what we are saying.
We are squeezing the Medicare budget. We are seeing it on the floor
of this House. We are squeezing Medicaid. We are cutting the senior
citizens Medicare Program. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. Kasich], the
chairman of the Committee on the Budget, says we are not, that we are
only reducing the rate of growth, but make no mistake about it, there
is going to be less money in Medicare.
What is going to happen? There is not going to be enough money to go
around, so the MediGap select policies, that is, the supplemental
insurance that allows senior citizens to cover what Medicare will not
cover, if Medicare does not have as much money as they had before, you
better believe they are going to have to have more in the way of
supplemental insurance to bridge the gap. Congress is passing this
Medicare select because the Republicans are just about to pass all
these cuts to Medicare.
Mr. Speaker, this idea that this is going to save
you money, this is really tricky. If you join the HMO plan, you are
not paying as much, so who would not want to buy into that?
But let me warn you, in policies that have already been issued under
this Medicare select policy, once you are in the plan, it does not bar
them from jacking the rates up on you. Now you are stuck because you
are in the plan. You have signed your rights away as a consumer.
And guess what? Let's say your doctor leaves the plan and you want to
go back to your doctor. Forget it. Under Medicare select you cannot do
that, because if your doctor is not on the list of approved doctors,
you are not going to get that doctor. Let's say you want to switch and
follow your doctor. You cannot do that.
Then as far as the prices, initially you have got a lower price, but
like I said earlier, they will jack the price up on you once you get
older. Once you get older, they are going to be able to age-rate you.
Mr. Speaker, insurance commissioners in the various States may be
able to look after the senior citizens, but I just think it is a really
terrible approach. It is the kind of approach we have been taking to
everything, give it back to the States, but on health care I think we
are making a big mistake when we are trying to have a patchwork quilt.
It is going to be a spot, State-by-State approach to this problem,
and I do not think it is the right way to go. We need comprehensive
health care reform that regulates the insurance companies on the
national level, because in a small State like mine in Rhode Island,
these insurance companies are going to be able to run roughshod over us
and we are not going to have a leg to stand on.
My State is a million people. Do you think we are going to be able to
stand up to those insurance companies and say, ``Hey, what you're doing
is wrong''? Forget it. We cannot do it. We have got insurance companies
in our State who are already threatening to say, ``We're not going to
write your automobile insurance anymore.'' I do not want that to happen
to health care and it should not happen to health care.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Michigan [Mr. Dingell].
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to direct a question to the manager
of the rule. I note that in the last words in the rule, it says, ``Upon
the adoption of the conference report, Senate Concurrent Resolution 19
shall be considered as agreed to.''
To what are we agreeing in this rule? Can anybody help me to know
what is in Senate Concurrent Resolution 19? I think this is an
important matter, because the Senate would not have passed a concurrent
resolution on it unless it were important, but we are being asked to
agree to this.
To what are we being called upon to agree? Is this something that was
considered in the 1-minute conference which we had between 5:00 and
5:01, or was it some matter which was not considered, which now must be
considered and added to the proceedings of this body?
{time} 1130
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, can the gentleman from Virginia [Mr.
Bliley], my good friend, tell me what momentous Senate concurrent
resolution we are adopting in the rule and why we could not consider it
out in the open and have everyone know what we are doing here?
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. DINGELL. I yield to the gentleman from Virginia.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I would say to the gentleman from Michigan
[Mr. Dingell] that it is right out in the open. That the Senate
resolution merely conformed the title to what we are doing.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I would ask the gentleman, is that because
we were sloppy in the House or because the Senate was sloppy or because
the conference was sloppy in the processing of legislation? I
understand that the title is to be changed so that it no longer refers
to an amendment to the Social Security Act, but it refers now to an
amendment to OBRA; is that correct?
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, if the gentleman will continue to yield, it
is not the proper duty for us to question what the motives of the
Senate were for doing what they do. But I did point out that the
resolution does conform the title to the bill. That is done all the
time.
Mr. DINGELL. With great respect for my colleague, what this shows is
this is stupid legislation, further done with great speed and limited
wisdom.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve my time.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
California [Mr. Fazio].
Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speaker, I had not intended to speak on
this, but I felt at this point that I would want to comment. The
gentleman from Rhode Island [Mr. Kennedy] raises what I think are
generally concerns about the entire way the health insurance industry
is regulated in this country and the problem with adverse selection and
other factors that really can work against the interest of working
people and seniors generally. There is not doubt that this body needs
to address unfair insurance practices and the overall problems of our
patchwork health care systems. Furthermore, I do not believe that
debate over this measure should be mistaken for the broader debate that
needs to take place over protecting and improving on our Medicare
system. What is important to keep in mind is that this program has been
a positive if small step, toward providing more MediGap options for
seniors who can get additional benefits at no more cost.
Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I rise in support not only of this rule, but
of expanding this effort to experiment with health maintenance
organizations and other forms of managed care in all 50 states.
While all of the data on this program is not conclusive, in my state
of California, this demonstration project appears to be working.
Seniors have the choice of opting for managed care MediGap programs or
they can stick with a more traditional fee-for-service type MediGap
Program. It is their choice.
There is a high rate of consumer satisfaction with these plans. Last
year Consumer Reports Magazine rated the top 15 MediGap insureres
nationwide. Eight
of them were from the Medicare
[[Page H6666]]
Select Program. And while we need more analysis, there are strong
indications that the program could eventually keep costs down.
I must emphasize that this is not a carte blanche extension. Medicare
select cannot become permanent if the Secretary of Health and Human
Services determines that it costs the Government money, that it did not
save beneficiaries money, and did not provide quality health care. And
I think it is the responsibility of both sides of the aisle to make
sure that all three of those criteria are met and that we back the
Health and Human Services Secretary if she or any of her successors
determine that we have failed to meet this criteria.
Mr. Speaker, I would hope that this Congress, while supporting this
today, will pay attention to the data that results from these further
experimentations. Medicare select is an important test case for the
Medicare system.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the rule waiving points
of order on the Medicare select conference report.
The Medicare select program provides Medicare beneficiaries with a
cost effective alternative to typical MediGap policies. It gives
seniors the option of purchasing a MediGap policy for hundreds of
dollars less than the typical policy. Hundreds of thousands of Medicare
beneficiaries benefit from these policies.
Medicare select policies, however, are sold through a demonstration
authority which expires tonight at midnight. This conference report
will extend the program and allow all States to participate in this
excellent program which provides less costly MediGap policies to our
Nation's elderly.
At this late date, however, our colleagues on the other side of the
aisle were attempting to delay the continuation of this program by
raising the most obscure and nitpicking objections based on scope
violations. There are no real scope problems in this conference report.
However, the Democrats in their effort to stop this program were
resorting to technical nitpicking.
And who will be the individuals hurt if this program is stopped? The
hundreds of thousands of elderly who have purchased these policies. I
ask you to support this rule so that we can proceed to the
consideration of the conference report. A vote for this rule is a vote
for our Nation's Medicare beneficiaries, who can then gain the benefits
of these innovative MediGap policies which provide high quality care at
an affordable price.
Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the rule on the
conference report on Medicare Select. I come to the floor with a strong
feeling of deja vu. When I appeared on the floor to speak in favor of
passage of H.R. 483 earlier this spring, I indicated how important the
Medicare Select Program was and how the fate of half a million
beneficiaries rested on the action taken by the House.
The road to this point, in my view has been unnecessarily long. If it
were not for the action on the other side of the aisle, we would not be
here at the 11th hour seeking passage of a rule to bring this 2 page
conference report to the House floor. We have delayed long enough.
Medicare Select is a very simple program. It is a particular type of
MediGap policy which allows seniors to choose a medicare benefits
package modeled on a preferred provider delivery system of health care.
The Medicare Select policy allows seniors to buy a less expensive
MediGap insurance policy which wraps around the traditional medicare
benefit. It represents the new wave of innovative managed care delivery
options that the private sector is currently using to hold down the
rise in health care costs. Let us remember that for those elderly who
choose a MediGap policy, it is 1 of 11 options currently available.
I urge my colleagues to pass this rule so that we can enact this
legislation swiftly. Our senior citizens deserve no less.
Mr. BEILENSON. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, and
I yield back the balance of my time.
Ms. PRYCE. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, I yield
back the balance of my time, and I move the previous question on the
resolution.
The previous question was ordered.
The resolution was agreed to.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I call up the conference report on the bill
(H.R. 483) to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to permit
Medicare Select policies to be offered in all States, and for other
purposes.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Hastert). Pursuant to the rule, the
conference report is considered as having been read.
(For conference report and statement, see proceedings of the House of
Thursday, June 22, 1995, at page H6256.)
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley]
will be recognized for 30 minutes and the gentleman from Michigan [Mr.
Dingell] will be recognized for 30 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley].
general leave
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may
have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks on
the conference report to accompany H.R. 483.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Virginia?
There was no objection.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join me in supporting the
conference report to extend the Medicare Select Program. The conference
report provides for a 3-year extension of the program. The report also
requires the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services
to conduct a study comparing the health care costs, quality of care,
and access to services under Medicare Select policies with other
MediGap policies. The Secretary is required to establish Medicare
select on a permanent basis unless the study finds that (1) Medicare
select has not resulted in savings to Medicare Select enrollees, (2) it
has led to significant expenditures in the Medicare program, or (3) it
has significantly diminished access to and quality of care. I think the
bill provides for a reasonable balance that will permit a valuable and
innovative program for our senior citizens to be continued while
permitting a more informed evaluation of the program. We must remember
that Medicare Select is a MediGap insurance policy which provides
seniors with another option to receive medical care. By giving the
elderly more choices within MediGap we give them the option to pick
plans which meet their individual needs.
In my view, we must not allow this program to expire. It is unfair to
both participants and insurers alike to have to worry about what the
Congress will do next. Medicare Select is a small but important
program, and I might add, a highly regulated program. It is regulated
under the Federal MediGap standards. There are additional Federal
statutory standards for select policies, plus our States' insurance
departments regulate them under State law. Medicare Select saves senior
citizens money, provides more choice for senior citizens than the
current Medicare risk contract HMO, and has given them the opportunity
to secure a more comprehensive benefits package. If we do not act to
extend this program, no new enrollees will be permitted to enroll in
select plans and we will see the ultimate demise of these plans. The
end result is bound to be significant increases in premiums for current
enrollees. Medicare beneficiaries will be denied a product that saves
them money and which has served them well. There is no reason not to
extend this program in a responsible fashion.
Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join me in supporting this
conference report.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that my time be
equally divided between myself and the gentleman from California [Mr.
Stark], a member of the Committee on Ways and Means, and that he be
permitted to control that time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the
gentleman from Michigan?
There was no objection.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 4\1/2\ minutes.
(Mr. DINGELL asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the agreement we are voting on today
extends the Medicare select demonstration program to all 50 States for
a 7\1/2\-year period beginning in 1992.
It does so with no appreciation of the consequences of this. Although
many support this program, I believe that because Medicare cuts
required by the Republican budget in the amount of some $270 billion
are so drastic, and
[[Page H6667]]
will require such fundamental reductions in the Medicare program, it is
impossible to pass any Medicare legislation, including Medicare select
without taking those reductions into account.
In addition, Mr. Speaker, as many of my colleagues know, we argued in
the committee that we should await the results of the State evaluations
before expanding this program to all 50 States. It has come to my
attention that the preliminary results of this evaluation are now in,
but they have not been made available by the handlers of the
legislation.
Those results indicate that Medicare select is significantly
associated with Medicare cost increases in 8 of 12 select States. Let
me repeat that. Medicare select is associated with cost increases in
8 of 12 States.
Furthermore, the cost increase is 17.5 percent. The cost increase is
17.5 percent. That is not fiscal responsibility.
Now, while I know these results will not be final until next month,
we should clearly examine the results before passing an expansion to
all 50 States. How can we possibly extend a program that has the
potential of increasing Medicare costs in all of the 50 States, as it
has in the States in which it is now used by the amount of 17.5
percent?
This leads one to the unfortunate conclusion that my Republican
colleagues are willing to cut back on benefits to Social Security
recipients and to Medicare recipients, but that they are not willing to
lock up a program which is going to increase costs to the Medicare
system and to increase profits to the insurance companies.
Mr. Speaker, I therefore urge that we vote ``no'' on the conference
agreement on H.R. 483, and that we reconsider these changes in the
light of evaluation results and in the context of budget
reconciliation. Then we can more fully examine the entire Medicare
Program, which is going to be examined in extenso in connection with
reconciliation, because we are going to have Republican cuts in
Medicare recipients, and we should include the Medicare cost increases
which will result in the additional beneficiary out-of-pocket costs
that will occur under this program, along with increased utilization
and limitations on the beneficiaries' choice of providers as indicated
in the preliminary report.
Let me remind my colleagues that Medicare select has had some
peculiar consequences. It has not been the unmixed blessing which the
proponents would have us believe. First of all, it has raised costs,
but it has done some other things which have significant impact on
recipients.
It first of all starts out low and goes up. The average premium cost
at the beginning is around $870 a year. But by the time the recipient
has reached the age of 85, it has risen, lo and behold, to something
like $2,300 a year.
Now, during that time he is locked in because any preexisting
conditions which he had during the time or before he got on Medicare
select, he cannot carry over and have treated in any new package. So if
a person joins this Medicare Select Program, he is locked in. He cannot
get out because he cannot get treatment for new conditions.
Those new conditions are carefully walled out by preexisting
condition clauses in any new insurance policy. So he pays more and more
and more and he cannot get out. If his doctor moves or his hospital
closes or some condition requires him to want to go to a particular
person, doctor, or facility for treatment and they are not included in
this HMO, that individual cannot go.
This is Medicare select all right. It is selected for the benefit of
the insurance companies who are going to make lots of money. And they
are going to make it, in part, off the Medicare trust fund and they are
going to make it in part off of the poor little guy who is dependent on
Medicare for providing his benefits.
{time} 1145
They are going to skin the public, and everybody is going to act with
great surprise when we find the new returns and the new information
show us that we have in fact cost ourselves a lot more money; we have
in fact denied Social Security and Medicare recipients benefits; and we
have benefited the health insurance industry; and we have left
ourselves in a situation where we all of a sudden find that Medicare
has cost a lot more.
I urge my colleagues, vote this down. Let us consider it in a more
temperate fashion, and let us consider it when we can have a look at
all of the things, including the cuts in Medicare benefits which are
coming to the Medicare recipients courtesy of my good friends and
colleagues on the Republican side of the aisle.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from
Texas [Mr. Archer], the chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means.
Mr. ARCHER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding and
compliment him on his good work on this bill.
It is a good conference agreement that deserves the support of every
Member of this House. The Medicare Select Program expires today if we
do nothing.
Early in the session, we heard from Members who opposed this program,
that there is no need to rush, that we are moving too quickly, and yet
here we are only hours away from the program expiring and over 450
thousand seniors are still uncertain as to their fate under this
important program.
The Senate has already passed the conference report by unanimous
consent. The 408 Members of the House who voted in favor of extending
the Medicare Select Program earlier in this session should support this
conference report and send it to the President for his signature
tonight. It is a simple, noncontroversial bill which extends to seniors
across the country the opportunity to choose at their option a Medigap
program that has proven highly successful, high quality, and cost
effective, and contrary to comments that were made earlier a few
minutes ago, the
CBO scores this as revenue neutral to the Medicare Fund, and the
opponents of this know that.
My thanks to all the members of the Committee on Ways and Means and
Committee on Commerce who have made this legislation possible. I
particularly cite the outstanding work of two members of my own
Committee on Ways and Means, the gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas]
and the gentlewoman from Connecticut [Mrs. Johnson]. It was their
energy and commitment that brought us to this point today.
Mr. Speaker, this is a worthy proposal. I urge an ``aye'' vote on the
conference report.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, this conference report legislation seeks to extend and
expand the capricious demonstration program which will endanger the
Medicare program and its beneficiaries.
Basically it is a license for the insurance companies to steal.
Medicare is the finest health care program in the county. There is no
insurance plan in the country that offers more beneficiary choice. It
is valued because we in Congress have worked long and hard to make it
so.
Today by forcing a premature expansion of this demonstration program,
the Republicans in Congress are turning their backs on this great
tradition. Republicans are putting the interests of private insurance
companies ahead of the Medicare program, not only in this bill, but in
their budget bill which seeks to cut $270 billion out of the Medicare
program, and they are ignoring the beneficiaries who rely upon it for
their health care security.
This bill, as I have said before, is written by a Republican Ways and
Means staff member who, within the past year, was receiving hundreds of
thousands of dollars from the health insurance industry. Talk about big
time sellout to private interests, this bill takes the cake.
Medicare select will be presented as a program without problems, just
another choice for the seniors to elect. The facts are quite different.
At the time of the committee action on this bill, only a very
preliminary evaluation of the Medicare Select Program had been
concluded. That preliminary analysis found as follows:
There is little coordination or management of care by
organizations offering Medicare Select. The network formed by
insurance companies were initially organized to increase
Medicare market share at network hospitals rather than to
minimize utilization.
Since the time of the committee action, a more complete evaluation of
[[Page H6668]]
Medicare select has been conducted, and before my Republican friends
dismiss the report as some partisan document, I would like to remind
them that this report was commissioned by a Republican administration,
and the researchers who conducted the study were selected by that
Republican administration. The study has been ongoing
for well over 2 years. I will enter the study in the Record, and it is
important to note here that in the study it talks about costs and
utilization findings to date. The study says:
We were surprised to find Medicare Select is significantly
associated with Medicare cost increases in 8 of the 12 select
States: Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky,
Minnesota, Texas, and Wisconsin. For the eight States
indicating positive impacts on Medicare program costs, the
average impact is 17.5 percent. The estimates vary from 7\1/
2\ percent in Minnesota to a 57-percent cost increase in
Indiana. However, only the Indiana estimate is much more than
20 percent. The results indicate that the cost increases
substantially reflect increases in inpatient hospital
utilization. These estimates are unusually robust.
That is the understatement of the day, 17.5 percent increase on the
Medicare trust fund, in addition to cutting $270 billion out. As I have
said before, you would save the taxpayers a lot of money if you just
introduced a resolution to eliminate Medicare tomorrow, let the
Republicans vote for it. That is basically what they intend to do. Let
the public see their true colors.
Given the findings and the fact that the Congressional Budget Office
found that this study raises serious questions about the operation of
the Medicare Select Program, why are the Republicans rushing forward to
extend and expand this demonstration project, particularly when they
are trying to reduce Medicare expenditures? Are they that cavalier
about the report's conclusion? For months congressional Democrats and
the administration have called for a limited extension of the program
in order that the assessment of the demonstration could be completed
and necessary adjustments made based upon its findings. Republicans
have only marched forward faster.
Why? Whose interests are the Republicans responding to in this
intemperate bill? Why are we trying to reduce costs under Medicare, and
this program at the same time is moving in exactly the wrong direction?
Halting the expansion of this demonstration program is the only
prudent action for us to take.
Proponents of this bill have made the claim if we do not extend it
beneficiaries will be harmed. That is wrong. It is absolutely not the
truth. Everyone
should understand there is no current participant in the Medicare
select plan who will lose coverage if we do not extend the program
today. Certainly, additional beneficiaries will be prohibited from
enrolling after today, but current enrollees would be allowed to
continue in the plans.
By voting ``no'' today, the program evaluation will be allowed to be
completed without corrupting Medicare.
And, third, voting ``no'' today will confirm our responsibility for
the fiscal integrity of Medicare by blocking a premature expansion of
this program.
How can any of us explain to our constituents a vote to expand a
program from 15 to 50 States that has just been found to raise costs to
the Federal Government by tens of millions of dollars? That is fiscal
irresponsibility at its highest.
For those who ignore the evidence and vote to expand this program
today, before adjustments can be made to it, you are in effect voting
to increase Medicare's costs by $800 for each beneficiary who ends up
in one of these plans. That is not fair to the seniors.
Finally, what does the Medicare beneficiary get who is in the
Medicare select plan? Access to a very limited network of doctors and
hospitals. You prevent them from getting the ability to switch out of
the Medicare select plan and back into a reasonable MediGap program.
You deny them their choice of medical independence.
In my home State of California, the Medigap plan will cost them an
extra $3,360 in premiums.
For the fiscal integrity of the Medicare trust fund and the
protection of beneficiaries, you must vote ``no'' on the conference
report to H.R. 483.
Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from Florida [Mr. Bilirakis], the chairman of the Health and
Environment Subcommittee.
(Mr. BILIRAKIS asked and was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of the
conference report on H.R. 483, legislation to extend and expand the
Medicare Select Program.
The Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1990 was established by a
Democratic Congress, under which insurers could market an additional
Medigap product, an additional Medigap choice, known as Medicare
select. Medicare select policies are the same as other Medigap policies
except that supplemental benefits are paid only if services are
provided through designated providers. The demonstration was limited to
15 States and expired December 31, 1994. The demonstration was extended
through June 30, 1995, in the Social Security Act Amendments of 1994.
The conference report on Medicare select provides that:
First, Medicare select is extended to all 50 States for a 3-year
period. The Secretary is required to conduct a study comparing Medicare
select policies with other Medigap policies in terms of cost, quality,
and access. Further, it provides that Medicare select will remain in
effect unless the Secretary determines, based on the results of the
study, that Medicare select has: First, not resulted in savings of
premium costs to beneficiaries compared to non-select Medigap policies;
second, resulted in significant additional expenditures for the
Medicare Program; or third, resulted in diminished access and quality
of care.
Second, GAO is required to conduct a study by June 30, 1996 to
determine the extent to which individuals who are continuously covered
under Medigap policies are subject to medical underwriting if they
switch plans and to identify options, if necessary, for modifying the
Medigap market to address this issue.
Select policies do not affect the obligation of Medicare to pay its
portion of the bill. Beneficiaries who obtain covered services through
one of the network's preferred providers will generally have their
benefits paid in full. Under OBRA 1990, the select plan is also
required to pay full benefits for emergency and urgent-out-of-area care
provided by non-network providers.
Select policies do not remove a beneficiary's freedom to choose any
fee-for-service provider.
If a beneficiary is unhappy with a Medicare select provider for any
reason, that person may opt out at any time to get off the plan and
pick up any other Medigap policy, or he can remain in the plan and go
to any provider, and Medicare will pay if it is a covered service.
However, in that case, the beneficiary may be liable for a deductible
and coinsurance.
An insurer marketing a select policy is required under OBRA 1990 to
demonstrate that its network of providers offers sufficient access to
subscribers and that it has an ongoing quality assurance program. It
must also provide full and documented disclosure, at the time of
enrollment, of: network restrictions; provisions for out-of-area and
emergency coverage and availability; and cost of Medigap policies
without the network restrictions.
In addition, Medicare select policies are governed by the same types
of regulations imposed on Medigap policies concerning: limitations on
preexisting conditions; loss ratios; portability; guaranteed renewal,
and open enrollment.
OBRA 1990 also included significant penalties for Select plans that:
Restrict the use of medically necessary services; charge excessive
premiums; expel an enrollee except for nonpayment of premiums; or
withhold required explanations or fail to obtain required
acknowledgements at the time of enrollment.
The following are Medicare select demonstration States: Alabama,
Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky,
Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Ohio, Texas,
Washington, and Wisconsin.
As of October 1994, approximately 450,000 beneficiaries were enrolled
in Medicare select; while the majority are covered through Blue Cross/
Blue Shield plans, approximately 50 companies offer Medicare select
products.
[[Page H6669]]
Current authority for the program expires in June 1995. Failure to
extend the authority for the program would result in the inability of
insurers to enroll new beneficiaries in Medicare Select Programs as of
July 1995, although they could continue to serve current enrollees.
This would lead to higher premiums for enrollees and the potential
withdrawal of insurers from the market.
Is that what we want? It seems to me that none of our people want
that. The gentleman from California has stated that Medicare select
plans are not adequately regulated and has told us how terrible the
plans are. Well, that is his opinion. Here are the facts:
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners [NAIC] has
testified in favor of the program and stated that out of the 10
Medicare select States that report into the NAIC's Complaint Data
System, there were only 9 Medicare select complaints last year.
The program has been a very good one for senior citizens. In August
1994, Consumer Reports rated the top Medigap insurers nationwide. Eight
out of ten of the top-rated 15 Medigap plans were Medicare Select
Plans.
It is a very popular program in my home State of Florida where some
13,000 Medicare beneficiaries are enrolled.
I urge my colleagues to support this legislation so we may continue
to provide older Americans with an often needed and in my opinion,
necessary option.
{time} 1200
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from
California [Mr. Bilbray], a member of the committee.
Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, I have to stand in support of the proposal,
and I just want to point out to my colleague from California there is a
100,000 Californian seniors that want that choice. I have a stack, I
have stacks of comments coming from my seniors in my district saying
how it is nice to be able to have options that Washington is not
mandating on seniors, that seniors are allowed to be treated as
dignified individuals. This program was something that has worked, is
continuing to work, in our State, and to restrict it not only from the
rest of the country, but to allow it to die, is not a vote in support
of seniors and their dignity, but actually a support to replace the
dignity of seniors' choices with big centralized Federal control
systems, and I think the problem is some of our colleagues are so
wedded to command and control, big, centralized government that they
are willing to sacrifice our seniors' ability to have the dignity of
having their choice to choose something that serves them, and I think
that we need to start treating our seniors with the dignity they earned
over the years.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from California [Mr. Waxman].
Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to the adoption of the
conference report on H.R. 483, a bill to permit Medicare select
policies to be offered in all States.
Let me state that I oppose adoption of this conference report
reluctantly. We have underway in a limited number of States, including
my own State of California, a demonstration project to study the value
and effects of Medicare select policies. I favor letting that
demonstration continue. I favor continuing to offer Medicare select
policies where they are currently being tested under the demonstration.
But I have grave concerns about expanding Medicare select to all
States. At the time this bill passed the House I raised these concerns
and suggested the prudent course would be to wait and receive the
evaluation of the demonstration that was underway. We did not.
Now, before the conference was concluded, HCFA provided us with some
preliminary information that the evaluation was finding. And that
information should give pause to any prudent legislator. They found
that Medicare select was significantly associated with cost increases
in spending in the Medicare program itself in 8 of the 12 States where
select policies were offered.
Surely, on a day when the Republicans in this House passed over the
nearly unanimous objection of the Democrats a budget which slashes
Medicare spending by $270 billion over the next 7 years, it is folly to
pass legislation which threatens to increase the cost to the public of
Medicare so that more private insurance companies can reap profits on
their Medicare select policies.
It is only prudent to stop this expansion of Medicare select until we
can be sure that they are not adding to expenditures in the Medicare
Program.
We might also pause and consider the irony of the actions we have
taken today. Let's think about why we need MediGap and Medicare select
policies in the first place.
We need these policies for one simple reason: Medicare requires
people to pay a lot of money out-of-pocket when they get sick. Most
Medicare beneficiaries are so frightened by the amounts they have to
pay if they get sick that they spend hundreds of dollars to buy MediGap
protection.
And yet, as a result of the Republican budget this House adopted
today, people on Medicare are going to have to pay a lot more.
Their MediGap premiums will soar--whether they try to economize by
using Medicare Select or not. And if they just can't afford a Medigap
policy any more--they will live in fear of having to pay a lot of out-
of-pocket costs.
Some 4 million seniors under this Republican budget may find that
they can't even afford to pay the higher premium to keep Medicare Part
B protection at all. Once Medicaid is an under-financed block grant
program--which is what the Republican budget makes it--seniors can
forget about any assurance of help from Medicaid to pay their Medicare
premiums.
Remember, who the typical person is who relies on Medicare. Most
Medicare beneficiaries have modest incomes of $25,000 or less. Nearly a
third of them depend on Social Security for almost all of their income.
And now they are going to find that this Republican budget means that
half of their Social Security COLA is being eaten up by increased
premiums and cost-sharing in Medicare.
We ought to be talking today about how to make Medicare better--about
how to help people who can't afford the prescription drugs they need,
who fear ending up in a nursing home that they can't afford.
Instead this House adopted a Republican budget that slashes the
Federal commitment to Medicare and Medicaid. And we now are about to
adopt a conference report which extends a program which might be
costing Medicare money instead of saving it.
This is not responsible legislating. This is not putting the
interests of Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries first.
I urge rejection of the conference report.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as she may consume to the
gentlewoman from Connecticut [Mrs. Johnson], the principal author of
this legislation.
Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from
Virginia [Mr. Bliley] for his leadership and hard work on getting this
program before us for final action.
Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to rise today in support of this final
agreement to extend and expand Medicare select. This is the right kind
of health plan choice for us to make available to all seniors in
America at this time. Medicare select is a Medigap policy. That is it
is just insurance covering costs and services that Medicare does not.
The difference is the Medicare select enrollees get their care from a
preferred provider organization, but they are still Medicare
beneficiaries. Medicare will cover health care costs for them even if
they go outside the network. By staying within the network
beneficiaries make the best use of their coverage because the health
plan picks up most or all of their out-of-pocket costs.
Medicare select is not, and I repeat, not, an HMO risk contracting
plan. Such plans require beneficiaries to get their care entirely
within the network or Medicare will not pay. With select, seniors in
America have that choice to be part of an integrated system of care,
but still go outside that system if they want to and if they choose to.
Medicare covers their charges outside that network.
It is very important that, as we carry forward this debate and as we
give seniors choices in America, they understand clearly what their
choices are,
[[Page H6670]]
and so I want to make clear that my esteemed colleague from Michigan is
not quite correct when he says that seniors would be locked into these
programs. With due respect, in fact he is wrong. Any senior in this
program, any Medicare Select System, can go outside that system and, as
a Medicare beneficiary, can receive care under Medicare terms, but in
addition any senior in a Medicare Select Program can change plans. They
can drop this MediGap policy and pick up another MediGap policy, and in
every single State in America there are MediGap policies on the market
that have no exclusion for preexisting conditions that do not block any
seniors out. In sum, in fact, the idea that any senior is locked into a
Medicare select choice is simply not accurate, and that is important
for seniors to know.
Medicare select also saves beneficiaries money. We know that seniors
on fixed incomes have a tough time in this environment, and Medicare
select saves them up to 38 percent premium costs.
Medicare select is not a Government program. It is an insurance
program, and, as such, it is regulated at both the Federal and State
levels. It operates around the Medicare Program, and in those States
where it has been expanded, it is saving dollars.
In California with select the cost of medical services per admission
is 20 percent lower than for nonnetwork providers. The average length
of stay in a hospital is 73 percent lower than for nonnetwork
providers, attesting to the management of care, the integration of
care, and only one-third as many enrollees are ever admitted to a
hospital from these integrated care systems, a great advantage for the
elderly. A Washington State Medicare Select Plan operator has reported
that Medicare select policies cost 13 percent less than the traditional
insurance policy. Even after adjusting for demographic factors the
plans realized a 5-percent savings to the Medicare Program.
Now those figures are about real experience. How does that real
experience line up with some of the comments that my colleagues have
made about the preliminary conclusions of the report that we, as
Members of Congress, asked HCFA to do so that we can understand the
strengths of this program and the weaknesses more fully?
This is basically how it boils out. That report is reporting very
preliminary data. The researchers themselves say the results are
inconclusive, but listen to what they say about those areas in which
they have seen costs increase. The researchers suggest that under these
managed care entities, that is the Medicare select plans, and I quote
from the report, new patient screening has detected a large backlog of
formerly undiagnosed and untreated problems. This has meant that new
patients have unexpectedly large, albeit short-term requirements for
medicare treatment. In other words, Medicare select plans are offering
seniors far more careful, comprehensive analysis of their health care
problems, and, yes, short term it costs more, and many of these plans
that this report, this study, is reporting have only been in place 3
months, so we have only been through the high cost analysis and the
early treatments.
In one of the States where the program has been in place since 1992,
and they have 4 years of cost data, they are seeing significant
savings. I ask, ``Isn't that just what we want? Don't we want early
intervention? Don't we want prevention? Don't we want that backlog, the
formerly undiagnosed and untreated problems, dealt with for seniors in
America? And most importantly, don't we want seniors to have the
choice, the voluntary choice, of that quality health plan?'' I, for
one, do, and my constituents want this choice as well.
As a State that does not have a demonstration project, I get letters
daily saying when are we going to have that choice. I urge my
colleagues to adopt this conference report and to help us take the
first step toward giving seniors in America better choices for their
health care.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Maryland [Mr. Cardin].
Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for yielding me this
time.
Mr. Speaker, I support Medicare select and will vote for the
conference report to extend this program to all 50 States. If it is
properly structured, it can provide more competition, choice and cost
savings. However I must tell my colleagues I am concerned that the
study that was commissioned by HCFA shows that there might be increased
costs associated with Medicare Select Programs in at least eight States
which currently have the program. But what primarily concerns me: It
seems like this Congress is acting or making decisions on what appears
to be facts. When we look at the information we may be acting on what
we believe to be correct rather than what the facts show.
{time} 1215
Congress is taking as fact that Medicare select extends managed care
into the MediGap marketplace and it will save money. Yet when we look
at the study, that may not be in fact the case unless the Medicare
select program is properly structured. Is this a preview of what will
happen when we get to the budget debate?
In the near future we are going to be called upon to act on
legislation to cut the Medicare program by $270 billion. Are we going
to make these decisions on fact or beliefs? There are very limited ways
in which we can reduce the Medicare program by $270 billion. We are
going to be calling upon our beneficiaries to pay more, higher copays
and deductibles, putting more pressure on the Medicare select program.
We are going to be asking our seniors who already as a class pay the
highest amount of out-of-pocket costs, on average 21 percent of their
income is used for out-of-pocket costs. If we are going to be talking
about $27 billion in Medicare cuts, we are going to be asking our
seniors to pay more in copays and deductibles. Will we be acting on our
beliefs or on facts?
I am very concerned about that, Mr. Speaker, and concerned that we
will not be looking at what impact those types of cuts will have on our
seniors. I am worried that we are going to have to cut benefits. The
Medicare program already does not cover prescription drugs and very
little benefits for long-term care, really no catastrophic care. Yet we
are going to be asked to make cuts in the program that could very well
take away benefits from our seniors on the belief that that may be
acceptable. I want to act upon fact.
We already have inadequate reimbursement levels and cost shifting
within the Medicare system, causing in many areas our seniors to be
jeopardized from receiving quality care. Are we going to be asked to
make additional cuts that could very well cause more cost shifting and
less adequate care to our seniors on the belief that that can be
absorbed? I want to act upon facts.
The consequences of our actions will dramatically affect our Nation's
seniors and their health care. It is imperative that we make these
changes based upon the best data available, not just data that we
choose to believe.
I hope in the future when we act upon Medicare that we do it upon the
facts.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, may I inquire how much time remains?
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley] has
13 minutes remaining, the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Dingell] has
4\1/2\ minutes remaining, and the gentleman from California [Mr. Stark]
has 5 minutes remaining.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the
gentleman from California [Mr. Thomas].
Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me. As chairman of the House subcommittee of the Committee on Ways and
Means, we have looked at this over a period of time.
As a member of the conference committee, we produced a conference
report. I am a little confused by the gentleman from Maryland's
statement that we would want to base a decision as to whether or not we
would go forward with the program on a permanent basis on facts rather
than just assumptions or desires or wishes or hopes.
I can only assume that the gentleman from Maryland did not read the
conference report, because I would join him, if, in fact, we were
talking about creating a permanent program without a basis of analysis
of a pilot program.
[[Page H6671]]
Despite what may have been from any of the speakers who are in
opposition to this, all this does is continue a program until the
Secretary determines that, in fact, there are savings, that this is a
better program. If the Secretary of Health and Human Services, after a
3-year study, says that this is not saving money, it is not a better
program, the program ends. If she finds it does, it goes forward.
So, first of all, the conference report says, we are going to take
this pilot program that is in 15 States, make it available to 50
States, but not on a permanent basis. We are going to examine the
results after 3 years. And then we will make a determination as to
whether or not it is to be permanent.
We heard talk about a study over here. As a matter of fact, on the
earlier pilot program, there was supposed to be a study reported to
Congress in January. Six months later, it still has not issued a
report. What they are talking about is a preliminary finding which was
leaked by this administration.
We had the head of the Health Care Financing Administration in front
of the subcommittee in which we said, you know, this seems to be a
politically charged issue. We have folks who are taking extreme
positions and making statements not based upon fact for whatever reason
they choose to do so, and I am concerned about the political
atmosphere.
So, Mr. Valdeck, please make sure that your operation does not
prematurely leak information which may not have been fully evaluated
about this program.
Mr. Valdeck in front of the Health Subcommittee said, you bet; we
will make sure this information does not come out until it has been
analyzed and properly understood and presented. Lo and behold, several
weeks ago, initially on the Senate side and now we have heard
statements read here that are supposedly flat-out statements of fact
that this study shows that there are higher costs. In fact, that is not
the case.
Mr. Valdeck apparently was so embarrassed by this that he wrote me a
personal note saying that he was embarrassed that the study had gotten
out prematurely, that it has not been vetted. They have not done the
proper correlations in the study. Somebody is very interested in
killing this modest little proposal.
Let us go back and remember what this is. Currently there are 10
programs available to seniors to augment their Medicare program. They
are called MediGap. They are insurance programs that fill in where
Medicare does not offer as complete a package as people would want.
What we are doing is talking about adding one more, an 11th to the 10
that are already there, fully monitored by Health and Human Services.
In fact, you have got to explain exactly what you are doing. You have
to pass a standardized examination to
make sure that you are doing what everybody else is doing. There are
categories that have to be met. The seniors are fully protected and
they have a choice.
It is not mandated. You choose. We are simply saying instead of 10
choices, we are going to offer 11 choices.
You would think that we are reinventing the wheel by offering seniors
11 choices rather than 10. All we are doing is saying that the 11th
choice is of a kind of health care delivery service that more and more
Americans find saving them money. That is what this is all about. These
fellows over here who used to be the chairmen of the Health
Subcommittee and Ways and Means, and the gentleman from California [Mr.
Waxman] who spoke earlier was the chairman of the Health Subcommittee
of Commerce, and the gentleman from Michigan was the chairman of
Commerce, they are used to bottling up reform and change, especially
the kind that had the private sector driving down costs in health care.
They are kind of frustrated because with this new majority, different
people are in charge. We want to try these new ideas, fully protected
with studies by the Secretary making a determination as to whether it
goes forward or not.
So I understand their frustration. But in trying to deal with this
frustration of being a new minority, you really ought to rely on facts
rather than the kind of fear mongering and conjuring up of seniors
deserted by their Government when you talk about the Medicare select
program.
The gentleman from North Dakota was absolutely right. This is a
modest little program. We think it will save money. Four hundred eight
Members of Congress, both Democrat and Republican, voted for this the
first time around; 14 voted against it. We have high hopes that the
same 408 and perhaps some of the 14 who voted against this might join
in in sending it to the President today so that on this last day of the
pilot program the President will sign this bill so that the seniors
will not be fearful that this option will not be available to them.
We are going to pass it today. I have high hopes the President will
sign it tonight and then we will move on to more fundamental real
reform where seniors will see that more choices will be available to
them and that their Medicare dollar expenses will be covered by an
ever-increasing amount from the Federal Government.
Those are the facts.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Montana [Mr. Williams].
Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me.
The Medicare Select Program as a model deserves support, and it
should be renewed. In fact, we should expand the model, but we should
keep it as a model until we know how well in fact it is going to work
and what the difficulties in it are. And we already have reports that
tell us there are difficulties in it.
So, yes, we would like to see the program continued, but that is not
what is going on here. This is a full-scale expansion of the program.
We are not certain it works that well. And they want to put it, the
Republicans do, in every State in this country. Now, why? and why
today?
Because yesterday the Republicans voted to cut Medicare. I know they
say they did not cut Medicare but, my senior citizen friends, inflation
is going to continue in health care; right? Of course. And new people
are going to come into the system, of course. Are they going to receive
the same services that today's senior citizens receive on Medicare? No,
because the Republicans are going to cut close to $300 billion out of
what is needed to meet current services. So do not let them tell you
they are not cutting the program.
This proposal being brought to the floor today is a duck and cover
for yesterday's action of cutting close to $300 billion.
There is a second reason that they are expanding this program and
that is because the lobbyists, including the health care insurance
lobbyists, are in full throat and are writing legislation for the
Republican leadership.
I chaired one of the subcommittees along with the gentlemen from
California Mr. Stark and Mr. Waxman, that tried to reform national
health care last time. And I learned something, I learned a lot, as
chairman of that committee, as we passed out health care reform bills
last Congress.
But I learned one thing that I will never forget and that is, you can
trust some of the health care insurance industry some of the time, but
you cannot trust all of them all of the time. This country has to keep
one eye on the insurance company, and this bill takes both Federal eyes
off of the health care insurance industry. And senior citizens will rue
the day we did it.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, do I have the right to close?
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley] has
the right to close.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, how much time do we now have remaining?
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Dingell]
has 4\1/2\ minutes remaining, the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bliley]
has 7 minutes remaining, and the gentleman from California [Mr. Stark]
has 3 minutes remaining.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Kildee].
{time} 1230
Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me.
Mr. Speaker, I am deeply concerned about Medicare this year. First of
all,
[[Page H6672]]
we know that the Republican budget will cut Medicare by $270 billion
over the next 7 years. That certainly has to be taken into
consideration in the context of this bill. This bill, while it may have
some merit, the plan may have some merit, I do not think we should be
expanding it as this bill would propose. The bill does allow insurance
companies to sell insurance policies to seniors that limit their
choice, and they may be locked into those choices.
Basically, Mr. Speaker, I fear that this year, this 104th Congress,
we may see a series of things that will be weakening Medicare. First of
all, this program itself is a pilot program. We should look at it more.
One study indicates that it increases the cost about 17\1/2\ percent
per beneficiary in 8 of the 12 States, and in only 1 State was there
some possible cost savings.
However, put that in context again with what I mentioned in the
beginning, that we are cutting $270 billion from Medicare. We have to
cast this bill in that context. We are using that cut from Medicare to
pay for a tax cut for our very rich.
Mr. Speaker, in my district, I do not see people asking for that tax
cut, and especially, I think they do not want to take money from
Medicare to pay for that tax cut. My mother died last year at age 84.
In her life, both her mental health, her peace of mind, and her
physical health was better served because of a good Medicare Program.
We should approach this very, very carefully. Do not rob the account
and do not expand this program without experience.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished
gentleman from Washington [Mr. McDermott].
(Mr. McDERMOTT asked and was given permission to revise and extend
his remarks.)
Mr. McDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, this is a perfect example of the triumph
of ideology over American pragmatism. The Republicans say they are
going to save the fund. First they take $86 billion out by a tax break.
Then they take another $280 billion out by the cuts they are going to
make. Then their solution is to pick a solution that does not work.
There was a study done by the Research Triangle Institute which says
it spends 17\1/2\ percent more for select than it does in the system we
have today, which means they are going to spend it down quicker. The
real result of their efforts is to get rid of Medicare. They want to
break the system 17 percent faster by putting people into select. That
is not a solution. It simply makes the problem worse. Everyone should
understand it and vote ``no.''
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Michigan [Mr. Dingell] is
recognized for 2\1/2\ minutes.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, hurry, hurry, hurry. Let us get this bill
through. Let us get it through before the facts are in. Let us get it
in before it shows that this package for Medicare Select is in fact
going to cost Medicare or the taxpayers more.
Hurry, hurry, hurry. Let us get it through before it shows that the
senior citizen recipients of Medicare are not going to get the option
to move from policy to policy on their health insurance packages which
would supplement their Medicare policies; and hurry, hurry, hurry,
before it comes out that a policy which costs about $870 is going to go
up to something like about $2,300 by the time you get to 85, if you buy
it for $870 at age 67. Mr. Speaker, let us get this thing through
before the people find out what we are about. That is what my
Republican colleagues are saying. That is what is at issue today.
What is good legislative practice and good legislation? It requires
that we should wait and find out what the facts are. The information is
already out. Medicare select is costing on the average 17\1/2\ percent
more. That means that Medicare select is going to cost the Medicare
trust fund 17\1/2\ percent more. It is going to trap senior citizens in
policies on supplemental benefits that will not be able to be carried
to new insurers because of preexisting conditions. Costs are going to
go up.
Senior citizens are not going to know this at the time that their
good-hearted insurance salesman comes around to peddle them this
wonderful new Medicare Select. The taxpayers are not going to know that
this is in fact going to cause the Medicare trust fund to go broke
faster.
Hurry, hurry, hurry. Pass this thing before anybody finds out what is
going on. Do it in a conference which takes less than 1 minute by the
clock, and then have to be rescued by the Committee on Rules because
such a poor job of legislation was done. Mr. Speaker, this is the way
we are legislating today.
I would urge Members to vote this outrage down and let us proceed
more cautiously. Let us protect the public. Let us see to it that
senior citizens, the Medicare trust fund, and the American people get
decent treatment here from this Congress today.
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from California [Mr. Stark] is
recognized for 2 minutes.
(Mr. STARK asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks, and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, the reason to vote no on this bill is to give
the Congress time to perfect the necessary structures and regulations
for Medicare Select to work. Indeed, it does work in California. The
trouble is, there is only one insurance company, Blue Cross, who has
been importuning Members to support it, because the insurance
commissioner will not allow it.
The corporation commissioner does, giving Blue Cross a monopoly. That
is not fair in California, either. If it is good in California, let us
let other insurance companies sell it. Somebody brought up the good
name of the Consumers Union. They did in fact mention some of these
policies. However, let me summarize Consumers Union's recommendations
to the Subcommittee on Health of the Committee on Ways and Means in
February of this year.
Consumers Union stated that:
Congress should study the impact of further negotiated
discounts . . . before rushing to extend the Medicare Select
program. . . . Research done to date indicates that the
Medicare Select . . . has not achieved its goals. It has
resulted in a marketplace in which premium pricing games
distort the true cost of the policy. It has not achieved cost
savings, but merely shifts costs to other consumers. Few
insurers and few consumers have participated. In many States,
regulation of this product has fallen between the cracks of
different regulatory agencies--is it insurance or managed
care?--leaving consumers without the protections they need.
Congress should not expand the program and make it permanent,
but should take steps now to fix what is broken, and what is
broken is the pricing structure, the need for open
enrollment, and await further study results before locking
the program into place. With respect to Medicare Select,
Consumers Union would urge you to proceed with caution.
I would join with the distinguished gentleman from Michigan [Mr.
Dingell] and others, and urge Members to vote ``no'' to protect the
consumers, to protect the Medicare trust fund which the Republicans are
going to dismantle and destroy, $1 billion here, $1 billion there, $84
billion to rich seniors, $270 billion to pay the tax cuts to the very
richest in this country. Do not let them destroy Medicare any further.
Vote ``no.''
Summary of Consumers Union Testimony on Medicare Select, February 10,
1995
Medicare Select is a cross between traditional Medicare
supplement policies (``medigap'') and HMO's. We urge caution
when it comes to expanding Medicare Select or making it
permanent because of the following major problems:
Pricing games: Medicare Select policies often offer cheaper
premiums to begin with. But because of a system of so-called
``attained age'' pricing that many policies use, premiums
will rise steeply as the policyholder gets older. Congress
should not lock-in or expand a program which perpetuates this
deceptive pricing practice.
Illusory Cost Savings: Medicare Select premiums are often
low, but at a cost to other Americans. Insurance companies
that write Medicare Select policies typically don't pay the
deductible to the hospital that other medigap policies are
designed to pay. But the hospital still has to cover its
costs. The result: it shifts the cost to other patients--and
their insurers.
The Medigap Maze: The whole idea behind the OBRA medigap
reforms was to allow consumers to make kitchen table
comparisons among plans. But the Medicare Select program
doesn't forward that goal. Medicare Select adds a layer of
confusion by forcing consumers to balance initially lower
premiums against restricted freedom of choice of doctor or
hospital.
We believe that it is premature to expand or make permanent
the Medicare Select program. Preliminary analysis of the
program
[[Page H6673]]
indicates that so far it has not been successful in reducing costs or
even attracting substantial interest from insurers or
consumers. We recommend that Congress:
Require ALL states to do what several states have already
done: community rate their medigap market to eliminate the
hazardous pricing structure used by many Medicare Select
plans (and level the playing field among all insurers).
Alternatively, condition a state's ability to participate in
Medicare Select to a statewide requirement of community
rating for the medigap market.
Require a six month open enrollment period for all
consumers who were previously enrolled in Medicare Select.
(Currently, in many cases, they are not eligible if their
Medicare Select insurer does not offer a traditional policy.)
Limit the extension of Medicare Select to a two-year time
period that would allow for analysis of cost savings and
quality control. Such a study is currently underway at HCFA.
Postpone expansion of the program to additional states until
the studies are complete and regulatory adjustments can be
put in place.
Consumers Union\1\ appreciates the opportunity to present
our views on the issue of Medicare Select. We have spent
several years monitoring the medigap market and working to
improve protections for seniors who buy medigap policies. We
worked in support of this Subcommittee's efforts to fix the
problems in this marketplace, efforts that culminated in the
historic enactment of OBRA-90 medigap reforms. These reforms
made it much easier for consumers to comparison-shop among
so-called medigap policies, which are designed to fill in the
gaps in coverage left by Medicare. We continue to believe
that these reforms serve as a valuable model for future
legislation in areas such as long-term care insurance and
regulation of a supplemental market in future health reform.
Footnotes at end of article.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
This testimony addresses one aspect of the Medicare
supplement insurance market--Medicare Select. Medicare Select
is a cross between traditional Medicare supplement (or
medigap) policies and HMO's. In return for initially cheaper
premiums, consumers agree to obtain care within a designated
network of doctors--in order to be reimbursed for the costs
covered by the policy. (Medicare still provides coverage,
regardless of whether the provider is in the Select network.)
We believe that there are several problems with Medicare
Select. In the big picture, Medicare Select represents a
diversion from the tough issue of reining in Medicare costs--
through managed care or other steps. Pressing questions that
this Subcommittee must address include: to what extent do
HMO's--which limit seniors freedom of choice of doctor--truly
save costs (or merely select the healthy risks)? Is there
adequate quality assurance in Medicare risk contracts? Is
there sufficient ability for consumers who do not feel well-
served by Medicare HMO's to pick up traditional Medicare/
medigap coverage? Is it possible--and fair to seniors--to
ratchet down the Medicare budget without achieving cost
control in the private insurance sector (in the context of
overall health care reform)?
There are several major problems with the Medicare Select
market and we urge caution when it comes to making Medicare
Select a permanent program:
Pricing games: Medicare Select policies often offer cheaper
premiums to begin with. But because of a system of so-called
``attained age'' pricing that many policies use, premiums
will rise steeply as the policyholder gets older. Congress
should not lock-in or expand a program which perpetuates this
deceptive pricing practice.
Illusory Cost Savings: Medicare Select premiums are often
low, but at a cost to other Americans. Insurance companies
that write Medicare Select policies typically don't pay the
deductible to the hospital that other medigap policies are
designed to pay. But the hospital still has to cover its
costs.
The result: it shifts the cost to other patients--and their
insurers.
The Medigap Maze: The whole idea behind the OBRA-90 medigap
reforms was to allow consumers to make kitchen table
comparisons among plans. But the Medicare Select program
doesn't forward that goal. Medicare Select adds a layer of
confusion by forcing consumers to balance initially lower
premiums against restricted freedom of choice of doctor or
hospital.
Summary of Recommendations
We believe that it is premature to expand or make permanent
the Medicare Select program because of these problems and
others described below. Preliminary analysis of the program
indicates that so far it has not been successful in reducing
costs or even attracting substantial interest from insurers
or consumers. We recommend that Congress:
Require ALL states to do what several states have already
done: community rate their medigap market to eliminate the
hazardous pricing structure used by many Medicare Select
plans (and level the playing field among all insurers).
Alternatively, condition a state's ability to participate in
Medicare Select to a state-wide requirement of community
rating for the medigap market.
Require a six-month open enrollment period for all
consumers who were previously enrolled in Medicare Select.
Limit the extension of Medicare Select to a two-year time
period that would allow for study and analysis (that is
currently under way by HCFA) of cost savings (vs. cost
shifting) and quality control. Postpone expansion of the
program to additional states until the studies are complete
and regulatory adjustments can be put in place.
We elaborate on our concerns and recommendations below.
Analysis of the Medicare Select Market
pricing games
Medicare Select policies often use an ``attained age''
pricing structure, which Consumer Reports says is ``hazardous
to policyholders.'' Various letters and comments regarding
Medicare Select have noted that Consumer Reports found that
eight of the top 15 Medigap products were Medicare Select.
But this tells only part of the story. Five of the eight
policies mentioned use an attained-age pricing structure.
Consumer Reports stated that:
Attained-age policies are hazardous to policyholders. By
age 75, 80, or 85, a policyholder may find that coverage has
become unaffordable--just when the onset of poor health could
make it impossible to buy a new, less expensive policy. Take,
for example, an attained-age Plan F offered by New York Life
and an issue-age Plan F offered by United American. For
someone age 65, the New York Life policy is about $114 a year
cheaper. But by age 80, the buyer of the New York Life policy
would have spent a total of $5,000 more than the buyer of the
United American policy.\2\
The attained-age pricing structure allows companies to bait
consumers with low
premiums in early years, and then trap them with high
increases in later years. Standardization of the medigap
market resulted in price conscious consumers, with the
effect of facilitating a trend away from community-rated
policies and toward attained-age rated policies. The
percent of Blue Cross-Blue Shield affiliates, for example,
that sell attained-age policies grew from 31 percent in
1990 to 55 percent in 1993.
Ten states have recognized this market dynamic and have
taken steps to protect consumer either by requiring community
rating for this market or by banning attained-age rating.
These are Arkansas, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho,
Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, and Washington.
Four of these states--Florida, Massachusetts, Minnesota and
Washington--are part of the Medicare Select demonstration
program.\3\
Recommendation: Require ALL states to do what several
states have already done: community rate their medigap market
to eliminate the hazardous pricing structure used by many
Medicare Select plans (and level the playing field among all
insurers). Alternatively, condition a state's ability to
participate in Medicare Select to a state-wide requirement of
community rating for the medigap market.
illusory cost savings
The purpose of Medicare Select was to cut health care costs
through coordinated care networks that increase the use of
utilization review and management controls, often through
PPO's. It was expected that enrollees would be restricted to
a subset of providers. But the experience shows that often
there is no restriction of providers. There is little
coordination or management of care in Select plans.\4\
Medicare Select premiums may be low for the wrong reasons--
because these policies shift costs to others by not covering
all the costs that traditional medigap policies must cover.
Medicare Select companies often negotiate with providers to
eliminate the payment of Part A deductibles. Insurers have
indicated that the discounts of the Part A deductible by
participating hospitals is the most significant source of
premium savings available in Medicare supplements.\5\ This
means that hospitals get less reimbursement from Medicare
Select carriers. It does not mean that the hospital's costs
are lower, so cost shifting to other patients (and their
insurers) is inevitable.
Before extending Medicare Select to additional states (or
for a substantial time period), we urge you to study further
why Medicare Select premiums are often low. Are they cutting
premiums for their policyholders merely by shifting costs to
other payers? Another issue of concern to us is whether the
Medicare Select markets in each state are truly competitive.
We understand that in California, for example, there is only
one key
Medicare Select carrier (Blue Cross).\6\ A study prepared
for HCFA found that three-fourths of Medicare Select
enrollees have policies from affiliates of three Blue
Cross and Blue Shield plans (in Alabama, California and
Minnesota), hardly an indication of a truly competitive
marketplace.\7\ We urge you to study the level of
competition in this marketplace, recognizing of course
that traditional medigap policies do compete with medicare
Select policies.
Recommendation: Limit the extension of Medicare Select to a
two-year time period that would allow for study and analysis
(that is currently underway by HCFA) of cost savings (vs.
cost shifting) and quality control. Postpone expansion of the
program to additional states until the studies are complete
and regulatory adjustments can be put in place.
medigap maze
A key goal of the medigap reform legislation that was
included in OBRA-`90 was to provide true consumer choice of
medigap
[[Page H6674]]
policy by standardizing policies, thereby simplifying the choice. In
light of the minimal role the Medicare Select products have
made in this marketplace, we question whether the expanded
complexity offers consumers significant benefits. Consumers
(in Medicare Select states) must decide between Medicare
only, Medicare risk plans, Medicare cost plans, health care
prepayment plans, medicare Select plans, and traditional
Medicare supplement policies. They can't even consider which
of 10 standard packages to consider until they have made this
choice.
Furthermore, insurers have indicated that the 10 standard
medigap plans are appropriate for fee-for-service
(traditional) medigap policies, but not for network Medicare
Select products.\8\ If Medicare Select necessitates an
additional one or more standard policies, then simplicity is
further undercut.
need to await study results
Medicare Select was included in OBRA-90 medigap reform
legislation as a demonstration program. Medicare Select was
established with the hope of achieving goals such as reducing
health care costs (both for the Medicare program and
consumers) and reducing the paperwork burden on consumers
(since Medicare Select plans relieve consumers of the
paperwork burden inherent in filing claims). It should not be
made permanent until studies of its effectiveness have been
completed. The preliminary report (February 1994) paints a
picture of Medicare Select that is hardly complimentary. A
tiny percent of people eligible have enrolled; a small
fraction of insurers participate; cost savings appear to be
superficial only and may be cost-shifting in disguise; the
market is highly concentrated; Medicare Select regulation
often falls between the cracks in state regulatory
departments.
Some specific findings that should set off alarms to put on
the brakes--not rush ahead with a permanent expansion--
include:
Some states (e.g., Arizona) have found that market response
has been poor and that beneficiaries tend to migrate back to
traditional plans.\9\
Several states that were selected for the program could not
get it off the ground and dropped out.\10\ Others have had no
applications for select plans.\11\
When studied by RTI, only 2.5 percent of eligible Medicare
enrollees selected Medicare Select policies, and most of
these ``rolled over'' from prestandardization products. It
appears that consumers are not, in general, attracted to
Medicare Select policies.\12\
Nor are insurers attracted to the Medicare Select product:
only ten percent of HMOs and medigap insurers in Select sates
offer Medicare Select policies, with even interest in some
states.\13\
Recommendation: Congress should delay expanding and making
permanent the Medicare Select program until further study
results are available. It should not be made permanent
without fixing the elements that are broken.
Regulatory Gaps
Medicare Select is fraught with questions about regulatory
authority. It is not unusual for a state's insurance
department to regulate fee-for-service medigap coverage, but
another state department (e.g, Department of Public Health or
Department of Corporations) to regulate Select products. It
is very possible that Medicare Select policies get lost in
the regulatory cracks where authority for traditional
insurance and HMO's is split. This confusion has even led to
approval of plans (as Select) that deviate from the OBRA '90
standard plan designs.\14\
Medicare Select consumers need regulatory protection. For
example, consumers switching out of Medicare Select need
protection. Consumers who choose a Medicare Select option
must use providers in the designated network in order to get
medigap coverage. The NAIC model regulation provided
protection to consumers who elect Medicare Select but then
wish to change to traditional medigap policy. Companies were
required to offer such consumers a policy with similar
benefits, without underwriting. But this provision has a
loophole--consumers have no assurance of such an offer if the
Medicare Select company does not offer a traditional (``fee-
for-service'') medigap policy.
In the event that Congress decides to end the Medicare
Select program, either now
or in the future, then consumers who have Select policies
when the program is ended will need protection. Without
new entrants in their pool, their premiums (in closed
blocks of business) would spiral upwards. They will need
the protection from such an open enrollment period.
Recommendation: Congress should require that all
policyholders who wish to switch out of Medicare Select be
eligible for an open enrollment period (regardless of which
company they select) in order to protect them against being
locked into a Medicare Select plan that they do not like.\15\
This protection would actually help to promote the Medicare
Select option because consumers would have a safety valve if
they are dissatisfied. If Congress chooses to end the
Medicare Select program, insurers should be required to
extend an open enrollment period to Medicare Select
policyholders. We urge the Congress to study carefully the
regulatory experience and analyze where regulatory authority
for Medicare Select is best housed.
does medicare select compromise quality?
Medicare Select policies keep premiums low by negotiating
lower reimbursement schedules with providers (mostly
hospital), providing discounts to policyholders. On average
Medicare pays doctors and hospitals about 59 percent of what
private insurers pay for the same services. If (in the
future) Medicare Select coverage is negotiated downward
(e.g., providing Select policies with Part B discounts also),
providers will get even less. At some point, the cumulative
impact of lower reimbursement has got to have an impact on
quality of care that patients receive. This could occur when
providers withdraw from providing services to consumers, or
when they cut corners (such as patient time) due to the lower
reimbursement levels.
Recommendation: Congress should study the impact of further
negotiated discounts for providers before rushing to extend
the Medicare Select program.
In conclusion, research done to date indicates that the
Medicare Select demonstration program has not achieved its
goals. It has resulted in a marketplace in which premium
pricing games distort the true cost of the policy. It has not
achieved cost savings, but merely shifts costs to other
consumers. Few insurers and few consumers have participated.
In many states, regulation of this product has fallen between
the cracks of different regulatory agencies (is it insurance
or managed care?), leaving consumers without the protections
they need. Congress should not expand the program and make it
permanent, but should take steps now to fix what is broken
(the pricing structure, the need for open enrollment) and
await further study results before locking the program into
place. With respect to Medicare Select, we urge you to
proceed with caution.
Thank you for considering our views.
footnotes
\1\Consumers Union is a nonprofit membership organization
chartered in 1936 under the laws of the State of New York to
provide consumers with information, education and counsel
about goods, services, health, and personal finance; and to
initiate and cooperate with individual and group efforts to
maintain and enhance the quality of life for consumers.
Consumers Union's income is solely derived from the sale of
Consumer Reports, its other publications and from
noncommercial contributions, grants and fees. In addition to
reports on Consumers' Union's own product testing, Consumer
Reports with approximately 5 million paid circulation,
regularly, carries articles on health, product safety,
marketplace economics and legislative, judicial and
regulatory actions which affect consumer welfare. Consumers
Union's publications carry no advertising and receive no
commercial support.
\2\``Filling the Gaps in Medicare,'' Consumer Reports, August
1994, p. 526.
\3\It is premature to evaluate the impact of the combination
of Medicare select and community rating, since two states
(Massachusetts and Washington) are new to Medicare select and
since community rating requirements are fairly recent.
\4\``Evaluation of the Medicare SELECT Amendments--Case Study
Report, RTI Project No. 32U-5531, prepared for Office of
Demonstrations and Evaluations, Health Care Financing
Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
February 10, 1994, RTI, p. XX-3.
\5\RTI, p. xi.
\6\Three other plans: Foundation Health Plans; National Med;
and Omni Health Plan have been approved but had minimal
enrollment, that totals less than 500. [RTI, p. IV-17]
\7\p. ix.
\8\RTI, p. xiii.
\9\RTI, p. III-6.
\10\E.g., Oregon and Michigan. RTI, p. XV-1.
\11\E.g., Illinois. RTI, p. XV-3.
\12\RTI, p. ix.
\13\RTI, p. ix.
\14\See, for example, RTI, p. IV-9, IV-10.
\15\In Florida, Select insurers are required to offer at
least a basic Plan A in a non-Select form, providing partial
protection for people who wish to switch out of Select plans.
One side-effect: this provision makes it infeasible for HMO's
to offer SELECT plans.
Mr. BLILEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Speaker, this has been an interesting debate. It has been about a
lot of things, it has been about almost everything except the
underlying legislation. We have talked about the budget, we have talked
about Medicare in general we have been told ``why the rush?'' The
gentleman who poses the question knows full well why we are acting
today. This is a demonstration project that expires today, if we do not
act. That is why we are here. That is why I urge it to be passed. I am
sure that it will be.
We have also heard about the fact that it might cost more. That is
interesting, Mr. Speaker, because when this bill was first passed
several years ago, a study was supposed to be done. It was supposed to
be available in January, but of course the administration advised us
that it would not be ready and it would not be ready for months, so
they could not provide it to the authorizing committees as the
legislation was being crafted.
However, just a few weeks ago, Mr. Speaker, mysteriously, part of the
information, not the full report, was leaked, not to the committees of
jurisdiction, but to a Member of the other body who is opposed to the
legislation. I find that rather curious. Needless to say, this is not
the usual method the administration uses to provide committees of
jurisdiction with important information.
Mr. Speaker, time is wasting. We need to get on with this program.
Let
[[Page H6675]]
me finally end this by saying, No. 1, the study that is required before
this program expires in 3 years requires the Secretary to discontinue
the program if it is found that Medicare select: has not resulted in
savings of premium costs to beneficiaries compared to non-select
MediGap policies;
Second, they cannot extend it if it shows that it has resulted in
significant additional expenditures for the program; or
Third, it cannot be extended if it results in the diminished access
in quality of care. There are plenty of safeguards to ensure that
beneficiaries are well protected. I urge my colleagues to join me in
supporting the conference report.
Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to the
conference report on H.R. 483, the Expanded Use of Medicare Select
Policies Act. While I recognize the role that the Medicare select
demonstration program that currently exists in my State of Illinois and
14 other States plays, I am concerned that this legislation is being
used as a cover for the draconian $270 billion in Medicare cuts
included in the budget resolution conference report that passed this
body yesterday.
Under the Medicare Select Program, senior citizens on Medicare are
allowed to buy private MediGap insurance policies through managed-care
providers to supplement what Medicare does not cover. An important
objective, but following what happened here yesterday with the GOP
budget plan, Medicare select could easily become the only health care
option for seniors, as Medicare is gutted, services are curtailed, and
older folks have to pick up the pieces through private plans. The end
result will be less access to services and higher out-of-pocket costs.
It is crystal clear to anyone watching the actions of the majority
party in the 104th Congress that devastating changes to Medicare are
ahead. There is rampant GOP discussions ongoing about turning Medicare
into block grants for the States and based on what happened in the
House welfare reform legislation to the Federal School Lunch and
Breakfast Programs, I know that ``block grant'' is a code word for
cutting, slashing, and eliminating.
Let's not fool anyone Mr. Speaker, H.R. 483 is one of the first
threads with which to unravel the entire Medicare system. I have far
too many senior citizens in my district who depend on Medicare and
would be crippled by Republican cuts to the program to allow it to be
treated as it has by the Speaker and his cronies.
I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this conference report and
reject the Republicans' attempts to balance the budget on the backs of
seniors and then hand them the check when the bill comes due.
Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time and I move the
previous question.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 180, the
previous question is ordered.
The question is on the conference report.
Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the rule, the yeas and nays are
ordered.
The yeas and nays were ordered.
The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 350,
nays 68, not voting 16, as follows:
[Roll No. 467]
YEAS--350
Ackerman
Allard
Andrews
Archer
Armey
Bachus
Baesler
Baker (CA)
Baker (LA)
Baldacci
Ballenger
Barcia
Barr
Barrett (NE)
Barrett (WI)
Bartlett
Barton
Bass
Bateman
Becerra
Beilenson
Bentsen
Bereuter
Berman
Bevill
Bilbray
Bilirakis
Bishop
Bliley
Blute
Boehlert
Bonilla
Bono
Brewster
Browder
Brown (CA)
Brown (OH)
Brownback
Bryant (TN)
Bunn
Bunning
Burr
Burton
Buyer
Callahan
Calvert
Camp
Canady
Cardin
Castle
Chabot
Chambliss
Chapman
Chenoweth
Christensen
Chrysler
Clayton
Clinger
Coble
Collins (GA)
Combest
Condit
Cooley
Costello
Cox
Cramer
Crane
Crapo
Cremeans
Cubin
Cunningham
Danner
Davis
de la Garza
Deal
DeLauro
DeLay
Deutsch
Diaz-Balart
Dickey
Dicks
Dixon
Doggett
Dooley
Doolittle
Dornan
Doyle
Dreier
Duncan
Dunn
Durbin
Edwards
Ehlers
Ehrlich
Emerson
Engel
English
Ensign
Eshoo
Everett
Ewing
Farr
Fawell
Fazio
Flake
Flanagan
Foley
Forbes
Fowler
Fox
Franks (CT)
Franks (NJ)
Frelinghuysen
Frisa
Frost
Funderburk
Furse
Ganske
Gejdenson
Gekas
Gephardt
Geren
Gilchrest
Gillmor
Gilman
Goodlatte
Goodling
Gordon
Goss
Graham
Green
Greenwood
Gunderson
Gutierrez
Gutknecht
Hall (OH)
Hall (TX)
Hamilton
Hancock
Hansen
Harman
Hastert
Hastings (WA)
Hayes
Hayworth
Hefley
Hefner
Heineman
Herger
Hilleary
Hobson
Hoekstra
Hoke
Holden
Horn
Hostettler
Houghton
Hoyer
Hunter
Hutchinson
Hyde
Inglis
Istook
Jackson-Lee
Jacobs
Johnson (CT)
Johnson (SD)
Johnson, E. B.
Johnson, Sam
Johnston
Jones
Kaptur
Kasich
Kelly
Kennedy (MA)
Kennelly
Kim
King
Kingston
Kleczka
Klug
Knollenberg
Kolbe
LaHood
Lantos
Largent
Latham
LaTourette
Laughlin
Lazio
Leach
Levin
Lewis (CA)
Lewis (KY)
Lightfoot
Lincoln
Linder
Lipinski
Livingston
LoBiondo
Lofgren
Longley
Lowey
Lucas
Luther
Maloney
Manzullo
Martini
Mascara
Matsui
McCarthy
McCollum
McCrery
McDade
McHale
McHugh
McInnis
McIntosh
McKeon
McNulty
Meehan
Menendez
Metcalf
Meyers
Mfume
Mica
Miller (FL)
Mineta
Minge
Molinari
Mollohan
Montgomery
Moorhead
Moran
Morella
Myers
Myrick
Neal
Nethercutt
Neumann
Ney
Nussle
Oberstar
Obey
Ortiz
Orton
Oxley
Packard
Pallone
Parker
Pastor
Paxon
Payne (VA)
Peterson (FL)
Peterson (MN)
Petri
Pickett
Pombo
Pomeroy
Porter
Portman
Poshard
Pryce
Quillen
Quinn
Radanovich
Rahall
Ramstad
Reed
Regula
Richardson
Riggs
Rivers
Roberts
Roemer
Rogers
Rohrabacher
Ros-Lehtinen
Rose
Roth
Roukema
Roybal-Allard
Royce
Sabo
Salmon
Sanford
Sawyer
Saxton
Scarborough
Schaefer
Schiff
Schumer
Scott
Seastrand
Sensenbrenner
Serrano
Shadegg
Shaw
Shays
Shuster
Sisisky
Skeen
Skelton
Smith (MI)
Smith (NJ)
Smith (TX)
Smith (WA)
Solomon
Souder
Spence
Spratt
Stearns
Stockman
Stump
Talent
Tanner
Tate
Tauzin
Taylor (MS)
Taylor (NC)
Tejeda
Thomas
Thornberry
Thornton
Thurman
Tiahrt
Torkildsen
Traficant
Upton
Vento
Volkmer
Vucanovich
Waldholtz
Walker
Wamp
Ward
Weldon (FL)
Weldon (PA)
Weller
White
Whitfield
Wicker
Wilson
Wise
Wolf
Woolsey
Wynn
Young (FL)
Zeliff
Zimmer
NAYS--68
Abercrombie
Bonior
Borski
Brown (FL)
Clay
Clyburn
Coleman
Collins (IL)
Collins (MI)
Conyers
Coyne
DeFazio
Dingell
Evans
Fattah
Fields (LA)
Filner
Foglietta
Ford
Frank (MA)
Gibbons
Gonzalez
Hastings (FL)
Hilliard
Hinchey
Jefferson
Kanjorski
Kennedy (RI)
Kildee
Klink
LaFalce
Lewis (GA)
Manton
Markey
Martinez
McDermott
Meek
Miller (CA)
Mink
Murtha
Nadler
Olver
Owens
Payne (NJ)
Pelosi
Rangel
Rush
Sanders
Schroeder
Skaggs
Slaughter
Stark
Stokes
Studds
Stupak
Thompson
Torres
Torricelli
Towns
Tucker
Velazquez
Visclosky
Waters
Watt (NC)
Waxman
Williams
Wyden
Yates
NOT VOTING--16
Boehner
Boucher
Bryant (TX)
Clement
Coburn
Dellums
Fields (TX)
Gallegly
McKinney
Moakley
Norwood
Reynolds
Stenholm
Walsh
Watts (OK)
Young (AK)
{time} 1303
The Clerk announced the following pair:
On this vote:
Mr. Watts of Oklahoma for, with Mr. Dellums against.
Mr. MARTINEZ changed his vote from ``yea'' to ``nay.''
Mr. KING, Mr. BERMAN, Ms. RIVERS, and Mrs. MALONEY changed their vote
from ``nay'' to ``yea.''
So the conference report was agreed to.
The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.
____________________