[Congressional Record Volume 141, Number 21 (Thursday, February 2, 1995)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1971-S1972]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
THE CLINTON PLAN TO ASSIST MEXICO
Mr. DODD. Mr. President, on Tuesday, January 31, President Clinton
announced that he could no longer wait for the Congress to act on the
Mexican loan guarantee legislation that he had proposed to assist
Mexico with the serious economic crisis it confronts. Instead, he has
decided to act now to stem the tide of negative expectations that
threatens to overwhelm Mexican exchange and financial markets.
Utilizing existing executive authority, the President has indicated
that the United States will make available a $20 billion swap
arrangement through the Exchange Stabilization Fund.
The President, to his credit, has also enlisted the substantial
involvement of the international community in this latest initiative.
The International Monetary Fund will provide an unprecedented level of
assistance--$17.5 billion, and the European Community through the Bank
for International Settlements will make $10 billion available to this
effort. Taken together, this package should be more than sufficient to
deal with the adverse market psychology that had developed over the
inability of Congress to act on the guarantee proposal.
I believe that the President's decision is the right one in light of
the potential threat that the current instability poses, not only for
Mexico, but for our economy as well. It is important to remember that
Mexico has been an important player in the United States economic
picture. Mexico has been our third largest trading partner. The United
States has represented two-thirds of Mexico's worldwide trading
activities. Up until now, Mexico has been an important and growing
market for United States exports--we sold nearly $50 billion of our
products there in 1994. Some 770,000 American jobs depend on our trade
with Mexico. U.S. investors also have a stake in the current situation.
Not just large New York bankers and Wall Street investment brokers--but
thousands of other Americans through their involvement in pension and
mutual funds.
Even my State of Connecticut, thousands of miles from Mexico's
border, stands to reap the benefits of a vibrant Mexican economy, or
alternatively suffer the pain of a collapsed one. In 1993 nearly 7,000
Connecticut workers were employed in producing products destined for
sale in Mexico at a value of $365 million. My State is by no means
unique on this score. California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico all have
an enormous stake in Mexico's economic health.
That Mexico has a serious problem is not in question. Its financial
and currency markets have been in a frenzy over the last several weeks.
The peso has lost more than 50 percent in value. Yesterday, the peso
reached a historic low at 6.3 pesos to the dollar. The Mexican stock
market has been rocked as well. The Zedillo government has been unable
to refinance most of its debts
coming due thus far this year--obligations that will reach $80 billion
by year's end. Unless this crisis of confidence is reversed and markets
stabilized, the Mexican economy will slide into serious recession and
its financial system will all but collapse.
Clearly, the Mexican Government must take steps to help itself. And
it has done so. On January 3, President Zedillo announced an emergency
economic program designed to stabilize the economy--allow the peso to
float, reduce Government expenditures, accelerate Mexico's
privatization program for state enterprises, conclude a wage-price
accord with business and labor in order to contain inflation, and open
the Mexican financial sector to foreign investment. Despite these
efforts, the crisis of confidence continued.
I for one am firmly convinced that President Clinton has made the
right decision in proposing that the United States intervene in order
to restore confidence in Mexico's economy. It makes good economic
sense. It makes good foreign policy sense. The American people stand
everything to gain from a stable and prosperous Mexico. And, much to
lose from one that is in disorder and poor.
If we sit back and do nothing, millions of Mexicans will lose their
jobs. This will produce social and political tensions. It will also put
additional pressure on our borders as Mexicans seek alternative sources
of employment in the United States, further heightening tensions over
immigration between the United States and Mexico.
To those who point to NAFTA as an explanation for the current
economic crisis facing Mexico, I would say that they could not be more
wrong. If anything, it is because of NAFTA that there is a clear
framework for resolving the current economic problems confronting
Mexico. Many Americans currently doing business in Mexico have
indicated that they intend to stay the course, to remain engaged, to
ride
[[Page S1972]] out the current fiscal storm. Why? Because they believe
that the Mexican economy is fundamentally strong. A principle reason
they hold that view is because NAFTA has ensured the continuity of
fundamental market reforms that has made it possible for Americans to
sell products and do business there. Were it not for NAFTA, the crisis
in Mexico would be far deeper and far more protracted.
I commend Majority Leader Bob Dole and Speaker Newt Gingrich for
their willingness to act in a bipartisan fashion to assist the
President in moving the original guarantee proposal through the
Congress. Regrettably they were unable to garner the necessary
bipartisan support required to pass the legislation in a timely
fashion. I think that the President was right in the judgment that the
Mexican economy could not withstand the battering of another several
weeks of uncertainty over whether the United States assistance would be
forthcoming.
Mr. President, we engage in vigorous debate in this body day in and
day out. Debate is clearly an integral part of the legislative process.
However, from time to time, an issue comes before the Congress that is
so important and so sensitive that it mandates that partisan politics
be set aside and that we come together in support of the President. I
believe that the situation in Mexico is just such an issue.
Mexico and the United States have had a long and enduring friendship.
We share a 2,000-mile common border. We share a common commitment to
democracy, liberty, and human freedom. We are partners in a global
economy that has inextricably linked our fates. For all of these
reasons, United States' interests are served by helping Mexico at its
moment of need. I call upon all my colleagues to get behind the
President in support of this effort--it is in the interest of all
Americans that this initiative succeed.
____________________