[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 148 (Wednesday, November 30, 1994)]
[Senate]
[Page S]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]


[Congressional Record: November 30, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

 
               FEDERAL RAILROAD SAFETY AUTHORIZATION ACT

  The text of the bill (H.R. 4545) to amend the Federal Railroad Safety 
Act of 1970, and for other purposes, as passed by the Senate on October 
6, 1994, is as follows:

                               H.R. 4545

       Resolved, That the bill from the House of Representatives 
     (H.R. 4545) entitled ``An Act to amend the rail safety 
     provisions of title 49, United States Code, and for other 
     purposes'', do pass with the following amendments:
       Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert:

     SECTION. 1. SHORT TITLES.

       (a)  Title I.--Title I of this Act may be cited as the 
     ``Federal Railroad Safety Authorization Act of 1994''.
       (b)  Title II.--Title II of this Act may be cited as the 
     ``High Risk Drivers Act of 1994''.
                    TITLE I--FEDERAL RAILROAD SAFETY

     SEC. 101. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       Section 20117(a)(1) of title 49, United States Code, is 
     amended by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
       ``(C) $68,289,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1995.
       ``(D) $75,112,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1996.
       ``(E) $82,563,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1997.
       ``(F) $90,739,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1998.''.

     SEC. 102. HOURS OF SERVICE PILOT PROJECT.

       (a) In General.--Chapter 211 of title 49, United States 
     Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     section:

     ``Sec.  12108. Hours of service pilot project

       ``(a) Pilot Projects Authorized.--A railroad or railroads, 
     and all labor organizations representing any directly 
     affected covered service employees of the railroad or 
     railroads, may jointly petition the Secretary of 
     Transportation for approval of one or more pilot projects to 
     demonstrate the possible benefits and costs of implementing 
     alternatives to the requirements of this Act, including, but 
     not limited to, those concerning maximum on-duty and minimum 
     off-duty periods. Based on such a joint petition, the 
     Secretary, after notice and opportunity for comment, may 
     waive, in whole or in part, compliance with this Act for a 
     period of no more than 2 years, if the Secretary determines 
     that such waiver of compliance is in the public interest and 
     is consistent with railroad safety. Any such waiver may, 
     based on a new petition, be extended for additional periods 
     of up to 2 years, after notice and opportunity for comment. 
     An explanation of any waiver granted under this section shall 
     be published in the Federal Register.
       ``(b) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to Congress no 
     later than June 1, 1996, an interim report that discusses the 
     status of the pilot project program and a final report by 
     January 1, 1998, that explains and analyzes the impact on 
     safety, railroad operating conditions, railroad operations, 
     and potential benefits of any pilot projects approved under 
     this section.''.
       (b) Civil Penalty.--The first sentence of section 21303(a) 
     of title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting a 
     comma and ``or a provision of a waiver granted under section 
     12108 of this title,'' after ``of this title'' the second 
     place it appears.
       (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 
     211 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
     the end thereof the following:

``12108. Hours of service pilot project.''.

     SEC. 103. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT TO FEDERAL RAILROAD SAFETY ACT 
                   OF 1970.

       Section 20111(c) of title 49, United States Code, is 
     amended by inserting ``this chapter or any of the laws 
     transferred to the jurisdiction of the Secretary of 
     Transportation by subsection (e)(1), (2), or (6)(A) of 
     section 6 of the Department of Transportation Act, as such 
     Act is in effect on June 1, 1994, or'' after ``individual's 
     violation of''.

     SEC. 104. BIENNIAL REPORTING ON IMPLEMENTATION OF FEDERAL 
                   RAILROAD SAFETY ACT OF 1970.

       (a) In General.--Section 20116 of title 49, United States 
     Code, is amended by striking ``not later than July 1 of each 
     year a report on carrying out this chapter for the prior 
     calendar year'' in the first sentence and inserting ``every 2 
     years, on or before July 1, a report on carrying out this 
     chapter for the preceding 2 calendar years''.
       (b) Conforming Amendment.--The section heading for that 
     section is amended by striking ``Annual report'' and 
     inserting in lieu thereof ``Biennial report''.

     SEC. 105. STATE HIGHWAY SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS.

       (a) Amendment of Regulations.--The Secretary of 
     Transportation shall conduct a rulemaking proceeding to amend 
     the regulations under section 500.407 of title 23, Code of 
     Federal Regulations, to require that each highway safety 
     management system developed, established, and implemented by 
     a State shall, among countermeasures and priorities 
     established under subsection (b)(2) of that section--
       (1) include public railroad-highway grade-crossing closure 
     plans that are aimed at eliminating high-risk or redundant 
     crossings (as defined by the Secretary);
       (2) include railroad-highway grade-crossing policies that 
     limit the creation of new at-grade crossings for vehicle or 
     pedestrian traffic, recreational use, or any other purpose; 
     and
       (3) include plans for State policies, programs, and 
     resources to further reduce death and injury at high-risk 
     railroad-highway grade crossings.
       (b) Deadline.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
     complete the rulemaking proceeding described in subsection 
     (a) and prescribe the required amended regulations, not later 
     than one year after the date of enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 106. EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION OF GRADE-CROSSING PROBLEMS.

       Section 20134 of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
     by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Pilot Programs.--
       ``(1) The Secretary of Transportation shall conduct a pilot 
     program to demonstrate an emergency notification system 
     utilizing a toll free telephone number that the public can 
     use to convey to railroads, either directly or through public 
     safety personnel, information about malfunctions or other 
     safety problems at railroad-highway grade crossings. The 
     pilot program, at a minimum--
       ``(A) shall include railroad-highway grade crossings in at 
     least 2 States,
       ``(B) shall include provisions for public education and 
     awareness of the program, and
       ``(C) shall require information to be posted at the 
     railroad-highway grade crossing describing the emergency 
     notification system and instructions on how to use the 
     system.

     The Secretary may, by grant, provide funding for the expense 
     of information signs and public awareness campaigns necessary 
     to demonstrate the notification system.
       ``(2) The Secretary shall complete the pilot program not 
     later than 24 months after the date of enactment of the 
     Federal Railroad Safety Authorization Act of 1994, and shall 
     submit to the Congress not later than 30 months after that 
     date an evaluation of the pilot program, together with 
     findings as to the effectiveness of such emergency 
     notification systems. The report shall compare and contrast 
     the structure, cost, and effectiveness of the pilot program 
     with other emergency notification systems in effect within 
     other States. Such evaluation shall include analyses of the 
     safety benefits derived from the programs, cost 
     effectiveness, and the burdens on participants, including the 
     railroads and law enforcement personnel.
       ``(3) Unless the Secretary determines that--
       ``(A) the national notification system would not be a cost-
     effective means of providing timely and accurate notification 
     of railroad-highway grade crossing safety emergencies; or
       ``(B) State-level notification systems evaluated by the 
     Secretary offer a clearly superior means of providing such 
     notification, and the Secretary includes in the report to the 
     Congress under paragraph (2) a strategy and schedule for 
     extending such systems to other States;

     then the Secretary shall establish, and shall issue 
     implementing regulations for, a national notification system, 
     within 24 months after the date on which the report is 
     issued. The regulations shall include provisions requiring 
     railroads to erect and maintain appropriate signs and to 
     provide necessary railroad-highway grade crossing information 
     to the United States DOT/AAR Rail-Highway Grade Crossing 
     Inventory.
       ``(4) In addition to sums authorized under section 
     20117(a)(1) of this title, there are authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out this section not to exceed $700,000 
     for fiscal year 1995, $250,000 for fiscal year 1996, $800,000 
     for fiscal year 1997, and $400,000 for fiscal year 1998.''.

     SEC. 107. OPERATION LIFESAVER.

       (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to 
     amounts otherwise authorized by law, there are authorized to 
     be appropriated for railroad research and development 
     $300,000 for fiscal year 1995, $500,000 for fiscal year 1996, 
     and $750,000 for fiscal year 1997, to support Operation 
     Lifesaver, Inc.
       (b) Program Requirements.--The Secretary of Transportation 
     shall not provide financial assistance from any amount 
     appropriated for railroad research and development to 
     Operation Lifesaver, Inc., in excess of $150,000 for any 
     fiscal year unless--
       (1) such excess funding is for the development and 
     implementation of a national, multi-year, multimedia public 
     information and law enforcement program for the reduction of 
     fatalities and serious injuries involving railroad-highway 
     grade crossings and trespassing on railroad rights-of-way and 
     property; and
       (2) at least 30 percent of the costs of developing and 
     implementing such program is provided from non-Federal 
     sources, including States and railroads.
       (c) Secretary or Delegates to Serve Ex Officio on Boards of 
     Recipient Organizations.--In order to ensure maximum 
     coordination and effectiveness in carrying out the Operation 
     Lifesaver program, the Secretary of Transportation or, by 
     delegation, the Administrator of the Federal Railroad 
     Administration and the Administrator of the Federal Highway 
     Administration, is authorized to serve, ex officio, as a 
     member of the board of directors (or similar governing body) 
     of any organization receiving funds made available by the 
     Secretary for carrying out a program of public information 
     and education to reduce or prevent motor vehicle accidents, 
     injuries, and fatalities, or to improve driver performance, 
     at railroad-highway grade crossings, and to prevent 
     trespassing on railroad rights-of-way and resulting injuries 
     and fatalities.

     SEC. 108. INTELLIGENT VEHICLE-HIGHWAY SYSTEMS.

       (a) In General.--In implementing the Intelligent Vehicle-
     Highway Systems Act of 1991 (23 U.S.C. 307 note), the 
     Secretary of Transportation shall ensure that the National 
     Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems Program addresses, in a 
     comprehensive and coordinated manner, the use of intelligent 
     vehicle-highway technologies to promote safety at railroad-
     highway grade crossings. The Secretary of Transportation 
     shall ensure that two or more operational tests funded under 
     such Act shall promote highway traffic safety and railroad 
     safety.

     SEC. 109. VIOLATION OF GRADE-CROSSING LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

       (a) Federal Regulations.--Section 31311 of title 49, United 
     States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following 
     new subsection:
       ``(h) Grade-crossing Violations.--
       ``(1) Sanctions.--The Secretary shall issue regulations 
     establishing sanctions and penalties relating to violations, 
     by persons operating commercial motor vehicles, of laws and 
     regulations pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings.
       ``(2) Minimum Requirements.--Regulations issued under 
     paragraph (1) shall, at a minimum, require that--
       ``(A) the penalty for a single violation shall not be less 
     than a 60-day disqualification of the driver's commercial 
     driver's license; and
       ``(B) any employer that knowingly allows, permits, 
     authorizes, or requires an employee to operate a commercial 
     motor vehicle in violation of such a law or regulation shall 
     be subject to a civil penalty of not more than $10,000.''.
       (b) Deadline.--The initial regulations required under 
     section 31310(h) of title 49, United States Code, shall be 
     issued not later than one year after the date of enactment of 
     this Act.
       (c) State Regulations.--Section 31311(a) of title 49, 
     United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(18) Grade-crossing regulations.--The State shall adopt 
     and enforce regulations prescribed by the Secretary under 
     section 31310(h) of this title.''.

     SEC. 110. SAFETY ENFORCEMENT.

       (a) Cooperation Between Federal and State Agencies.--The 
     National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, and the 
     Office of Motor Carriers within the Federal Highway 
     Administration, shall on a continuing basis cooperate and 
     work with the National Association of Governors' Highway 
     Safety Representatives, the Commercial Vehicle Safety 
     Alliance, and Operation Lifesaver, Inc., to improve 
     compliance with and enforcement of laws and regulations 
     pertaining to railroad-highway grade crossings.
       (b) Report.--The Secretary of Transportation shall submit a 
     report to Congress by January 1, 1996, indicating (1) how the 
     Department worked with the above mentioned entities to 
     improve the awareness of the highway and commercial vehicle 
     safety and law enforcement communities of regulations and 
     safety challenges at railroad-highway grade crossings, and 
     (2) how resources are being allocated to better address these 
     challenges and enforce such regulations.

     SEC. 111. INSTITUTE FOR RAILROAD AND GRADE-CROSSING SAFETY.

       The Secretary of Transportation, in conjunction with a 
     university or college having expertise in highway, traffic, 
     and railroad safety, shall establish, within one year of 
     enactment of this Act, an Institute for Railroad and Grade-
     Crossing Safety. The Institute shall research, develop, fund, 
     or test measures for reducing the number of fatalities and 
     injuries in railroad operations, focusing on improvements in 
     railroad-highway grade-crossing safety, railroad trespassing, 
     prevention, and enforcement. There is hereby authorized to be 
     appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000 for each of the 
     fiscal years 1996 through 2000 to fund activities under the 
     preceding sentence carried out by the Institute, which shall 
     report at least once each year on its use of such funds in 
     carrying out such activities and the results thereof to the 
     Secretary of Transportation and the Congress.

     SEC. 112. RAILROAD GRADE-CROSSING TRESPASSING AND VANDALISM 
                   PREVENTION STRATEGY.

       (a) Evaluation of Existing Laws.--In consultation with 
     affected parties, the Secretary of Transportation shall 
     evaluate and review current local, State, and Federal laws 
     regarding trespassing on railroad property and vandalism 
     affecting railroad safety, and develop model prevention 
     strategies and enforcement laws to be used for the 
     consideration of State and local legislatures and 
     governmental entities. The first such evaluation and review 
     shall be completed within 1 year after the date of enactment 
     of this Act. The Secretary shall revise such model prevention 
     strategies and enforcement codes periodically.
       (b) Outreach Program.--The Secretary shall develop and 
     maintain a comprehensive outreach program to improve 
     communications among Federal railroad safety inspectors, 
     State inspectors certified by the Federal Railroad 
     Administration, railroad police, and State and local law 
     enforcement officers, for the purpose of addressing 
     trespassing and vandalism problems on the railroads and 
     railroad property, and strengthening relevant enforcement 
     strategies. This program shall be designed to increase public 
     and police awareness of the illegality of, dangers inherent 
     in, and the extent of, trespassing on railroad rights-of-way, 
     to develop strategies to improve the prevention of 
     trespassing and vandalism, and to improve the enforcement of 
     laws relating to railroad trespass, vandalism, and grade 
     crossings safety.
       (c) Model Legislation.--Within 18 months after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary, after consultation with 
     State and local governments, shall develop and make available 
     to State and local governments model State legislation 
     providing for--
       (1) civil or criminal penalties, or both, for vandalism of 
     railroad equipment or property which could affect the safety 
     of the public or of railroad employees; and
       (2) civil or criminal penalties, or both, for trespassing 
     on a railroad owned or leased right-of-way.

     SEC. 113. WARNING OF CIVIL LIABILITY.

       The Secretary of Transportation shall encourage railroads 
     to warn the public about potential liability for violation of 
     regulations related to vandalism of railroad-highway grade 
     crossing signs, devices, and equipment and to trespass on 
     railroad property.

     SEC. 114. LOCOMOTIVE WHISTLE BAN PROHIBITION.

       (a) Prohibition.--No State or political subdivision thereof 
     shall enact or enforce a locomotive whistle ban with respect 
     to any railroad-highway grade crossing or series of railroad-
     highway grade crossings after December 31, 1995, unless, 
     consistent with regulations issued under subsection (c), one 
     of the following actions has been taken with respect to a 
     crossing or series of crossings (as determined by the 
     Secretary)--
       (1) the affected crossing is closed during the hours 
     covered by the ban;
       (2) crossing gates and median barriers have been installed 
     and are operational;
       (3) 4-quadrant gates have been installed and are operating; 
     or
       (4) other effective safety measures, described in 
     regulations issued by the Secretary (including regulations 
     involving the demonstration and evaluation of new safety 
     measures), are in place at an affected crossing or series of 
     crossings.
       (b) Testing.--The Secretary of Transportation is authorized 
     to approve the testing of railroad-highway grade crossing 
     safety measures, including demonstration and evaluation of 
     such measures at railroad-highway grade crossings.
       (c) Regulations.--By January 1, 1996, the Secretary of 
     Transportation shall issue regulations implementing this 
     section. These regulations shall include--
       (1) standards for safety measures identified in paragraphs 
     (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a);
       (2) identification of any additional safety measures that 
     provide an equivalent level of safety to that provided by the 
     safety measures identified in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
     subsection (a); and
       (3) procedures for securing approval to demonstrate new 
     railroad-highway grade crossing safety measures at railroad-
     highway grade crossings.

     SEC. 115. RAILROAD CAR VISIBILITY.

       (a) Review of Rules.--The Secretary of Transportation shall 
     conduct a review of the Department of Transportation's rules 
     with respect to railroad car visibility. As part of this 
     review, the Secretary shall collect relevant data from 
     operational experience by railroads having enhanced 
     visibility measures in service. The Secretary shall also 
     conduct such research as may be required to establish whether 
     enhanced visibility of railroad cars would improve driver 
     behavior and thereby reduce railroad-highway grade crossing 
     accidents.
       (b) Regulations.--If the review and research conducted 
     under subsection (a) establishes that enhanced railroad car 
     visibility would likely enhance safety in a cost-effective 
     manner, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking proceeding 
     to issue regulations requiring substantially enhanced 
     visibility standards for newly manufactured and 
     remanufactured railroad cars. In such proceeding the 
     Secretary shall consider, at a minimum--
       (1) visibility from the perspective of an automobile 
     driver;
       (2) whether certain railroad car paint colors should be 
     prohibited or required;
       (3) the use of reflective materials;
       (4) the visibility of lettering on railroad cars;
       (5) the effect of any enhanced visibility measures on the 
     health and safety of train crew members; and
       (6) the cost/benefit ratio of any new regulations.
       (c) Exclusions.--In issuing regulations under subsection 
     (b), the Secretary may exclude from any specific visibility 
     requirement any category of trains or railroad operations if 
     the Secretary determines that such an exclusion is in the 
     public interest and is consistent with railroad safety 
     including railroad-highway crossing safety.

     SEC. 116. CROSSING ELIMINATION; STATEWIDE CROSSING FREEZE.

       (a) Statement of Policy.--
       (1) Railroad-highway grade crossings present inherent 
     hazards to the safety of railroad operations and to the 
     safety of persons using those crossings. It is in the public 
     interest--
       (A) to eliminate redundant and high risk railroad-highway 
     grade crossings; and
       (B) to limit the creation of new crossings to the minimum 
     necessary to provide for the reasonable mobility of the 
     American people and their property, including emergency 
     access.
       (2) Elimination of redundant and high-risk railroad-highway 
     grade crossings is necessary to permit optimum use of 
     available funds to improve the safety of remaining crossings, 
     including funds provided under Federal law.
       (3) Effective programs to reduce the number of unneeded 
     railroad-highway grade crossings, and to close those 
     crossings that cannot be made reasonably safe (due to reasons 
     of topography, angles of intersection, etc.), require the 
     partnership of Federal, State, and local officials and 
     agencies, and affected railroads.
       (4) Promotion of a balanced national transportation system 
     requires that highway planning specifically take into 
     consideration the interface between highways and the national 
     railroad system.
       (b) Partnership and Oversight.--The Secretary shall foster 
     a partnership among Federal, State, and local transportation 
     officials and agencies to reduce the number of railroad-
     highway grade crossings and to improve safety at remaining 
     crossings. The Secretary shall make provision for periodic 
     review to ensure that each State (including State 
     subdivisions and local governments) is making substantial, 
     continued progress toward achievement of the purposes of this 
     section.
       (c) Crossing Freeze.--If, upon review, and after 
     opportunity for a hearing, the Secretary determines that a 
     State or political subdivision thereof has failed to make 
     substantial, continued progress toward achievement of the 
     purposes of this section, then the Secretary shall impose a 
     limit on the maximum number of public railroad-highway grade 
     crossings in that State. The limitation imposed by the 
     Secretary under this subsection shall remain in effect until 
     the State demonstrates compliance with the requirements of 
     this section. In addition, the Secretary may, for a period of 
     not more than 3 years after such a determination, require 
     compliance with specific numeric targets for net reductions 
     in the number of railroad-highway grade crossings (including 
     specification of hazard categories with which such crossings 
     are associated).
       (d) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
     regulations as may be necessary to carry out this section.

     SEC. 117. RESEARCH PRIORITIES.

       (a) 5-Year Plan.--
       (1) The Secretary of Transportation shall submit to 
     Congress a 5-year strategic plan that will demonstrate 
     improved programs to enhance railroad safety (including human 
     factors and railroad-highway grade-crossing safety), the 
     prevention of trespassing on railroad property, and the 
     prevention of vandalism to railroad-highway grade crossing 
     safety devices and signs. With respect to human factors, the 
     strategic plan shall establish a comprehensive program to 
     investigate workload, stress, and fatigue, operator training, 
     ergonomics, operating rules, and other areas judged 
     appropriate by the Secretary.
       (2) The plan shall be incorporated into the research, 
     technology development, and testing priorities of the Federal 
     Railroad Administration.
       (3) The plan shall be submitted to Congress no later than 
     January 1, 1996.
       (4) There are authorized to be appropriated for conducting 
     such programs $3,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 1996 
     through 1999.
       (b) Participation of Other Agencies.--In carrying out the 
     activities authorized by this Act, the Secretary shall 
     cooperate with other Federal agencies and seek to maximize 
     the use of Federal monies to apply defense-related 
     technologies to railroad-highway grade crossing safety, 
     trespassing prevention, and other railroad-safety 
     initiatives.

     SEC. 118. COORDINATION WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

       The Secretary of Transportation shall consult with the 
     Secretary of Labor on a regular basis to assure that all 
     applicable laws affecting safe working conditions for 
     railroad employees are appropriately enforced to assure a 
     safe and productive working environment for the railroad 
     industry.

     SEC. 119. POSITIVE TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEM PROGRESS REPORT.

       The Secretary of Transportation shall make annual progress 
     reports to the Committees of the Senate and of the House of 
     Representatives with jurisdiction over railroads on the 
     development, deployment, and demonstration of Positive Train 
     Control Systems.

     SEC. 120. PASSENGER CAR SAFETY STANDARDS.

       Section 20133 of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
     by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Minimum Standards.--
       ``(1) The Secretary shall issue regulations establishing 
     minimum standards for the safety of cars used by railroads to 
     transport passengers. The regulations shall address, at a 
     minimum, crashworthiness of the cars, interior features 
     (including luggage restraints, seat belts, and exposed 
     surfaces) that may affect passenger safety; maintenance and 
     inspection of the cars; emergency response procedures and 
     equipment; and any operating rules and conditions that 
     directly affect safety not otherwise governed by regulations 
     or orders. The Secretary may make applicable some or all of 
     these standards to cars existing at the time of the issuance 
     of the regulations as well as to new cars, and the Secretary 
     shall explain in the rulemaking document the basis for making 
     such standards applicable to existing cars.
       ``(2) The Secretary shall issue initial standards for 
     railroad passenger safety, including standards addressing 
     core safety concerns for which research has been completed, 
     within 3 years after the date of enactment of the Federal 
     Railroad Safety Authorization Act of 1994. The initial 
     standards may except equipment used by historical, scenic, 
     and excursion railroads to transport passengers. The 
     Secretary shall complete the issuance of passenger safety 
     standards required by this section within 5 years after such 
     date.
       ``(3) The Secretary is authorized to establish within the 
     Department of Transportation 2 additional full time 
     equivalent positions beyond the number currently authorized 
     by existing law to assist with the drafting, issuance, and 
     implementation of the regulations described in paragraph 
     (1).''.

     SEC. 121. GRANT AUTHORITY.

       Section 103 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by 
     redesignating subsection (d) as (e), and by inserting after 
     subsection (c) the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Subject to the provisions of the Federal Property and 
     Administrative Services Act of 1949 (40 U.S.C. 471 et seq.), 
     the Secretary may make, enter into, and perform such 
     contracts, grants, leases, cooperative agreements, and other 
     similar transactions with Federal or other public agencies 
     (including State and local governments) and private 
     organizations and persons, and to make such payments, by way 
     of advance or reimbursement, as the Secretary may determine 
     to be necessary or appropriate to carry out functions of the 
     Federal Railroad Administration. The authority of the 
     Secretary granted by this subsection shall be carried out by 
     the Administrator. Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     this chapter, no authority to enter into contracts or to make 
     payments under this subsection shall be effective, except as 
     provided for in appropriation Acts.''.

     SEC. 122. TOURIST RAILROADS.

       Section 20103 of title 49, United States Code, is amended 
     by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection:
       ``(f) In prescribing regulations that pertain to safety 
     that affect tourist, historic, or excursion railroad 
     carriers, the Secretary shall take into consideration any 
     financial, operational, or other factors that may be unique 
     to such railroad carriers. The Secretary shall submit a 
     report to Congress not later than September 30, 1995, on 
     efforts made to revise and update regulations that pertain to 
     safety that affect tourist, historical, or excursion railroad 
     carriers. The report shall address the financial, 
     operational, and other factors that may be unique to these 
     railroads.''.

     SEC. 123. AUTHORIZATION.

       There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
     Transportation for the benefit of Amtrak $40,000,000 for 
     fiscal year 1995 and $50,000,000 for fiscal year 1996 to be 
     used for engineering, design, and construction activities to 
     enable the James A. Farley Post Office in New York, New York, 
     to be used as a train station and commercial center and for 
     necessary improvements and redevelopment of the existing 
     Pennsylvania Station and associated service bundling in New 
     York, New York.
                  TITLE II--HIGH RISK DRIVERS PROGRAM

           SUBTITLE A--HIGH-RISK AND ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVERS

     SEC. 211. FINDINGS.

       The Congress makes the following findings:
       (1) The Nation's traffic fatality rate has declined from 
     5.5 deaths per 100 million vehicle miles traveled in 1966 to 
     an historic low of an estimated 1.8 deaths per 100 million 
     vehicle miles traveled during 1992. In order to further this 
     desired trend, the safety programs and policies implemented 
     by the Department of Transportation must be continued, and at 
     the same time, the focus of these efforts as they pertain to 
     high risk drivers of all ages must be strengthened.
       (2) Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death 
     among teenagers, and teenage drivers tend to be at fault for 
     their fatal crashes more often than older drivers. Drivers 
     who are 16 to 20 years old comprised 7.4 percent of the 
     United States population in 1991 but were involved in 15.4 
     percent of fatal motor vehicle crashes. Also, on the basis of 
     crashes per 100,000 licensed drivers, young drivers are the 
     highest risk group of drivers.
       (3) During 1991, 6,630 teenagers from age 15 through 20 
     died in motor vehicle crashes. This tragic loss demands that 
     the Federal Government intensify its efforts to promote 
     highway safety among members of this high risk group.
       (4) The consumption of alcohol, speeding over allowable 
     limits or too fast for road conditions, inadequate use of 
     occupant restraints, and other high risk behaviors are 
     several of the key causes for this tragic loss of young 
     drivers and passengers. The Department of Transportation, 
     working cooperatively with the States, student groups, and 
     other organizations, must reinvigorate its current programs 
     and policies to address more effectively these pressing 
     problems of teenage drivers.
       (5) In 1991 individuals aged 70 years and older, who are 
     particularly susceptible to injury, were involved in 12 
     percent of all motor vehicle traffic crash fatalities. These 
     deaths accounted for 4,828 fatalities out of 41,462 total 
     traffic fatalities.
       (6) The number of older Americans who drive is expected to 
     increase dramatically during the next 30 years. 
     Unfortunately, during the last 15 years, the Department of 
     Transportation has supported an extremely limited program 
     concerning older drivers. Research on older driver behavior 
     and licensing has suffered from intermittent funding at 
     amounts that were insufficient to address the scope and 
     nature of the challenges ahead.
       (7) A major objective of United States transportation 
     policy must be to promote the mobility of older Americans 
     while at the same time ensuring public safety on our Nation's 
     highways. In order to accomplish these two objectives 
     simultaneously, the Department of Transportation must support 
     a vigorous and sustained program of research, technical 
     assistance, evaluation, and other appropriate activities that 
     are designed to reduce the fatality and crash rate of older 
     drivers who have identifiable risk characteristics.

     SEC. 212. DEFINITIONS.

       For purposes of this subtitle--
       (1) The term ``high risk driver'' means a motor vehicle 
     driver who belongs to a class of drivers that, based on 
     vehicle crash rates, fatality rates, traffic safety violation 
     rates, and other factors specified by the Secretary, presents 
     a risk of injury to the driver and other individuals that is 
     higher than the risk presented by the average driver.
       (2) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
     Transportation.

     SEC. 213. POLICY AND PROGRAM DIRECTION.

       (a) General Responsibility of Secretary.--The Secretary 
     shall develop and implement effective and comprehensive 
     policies and programs to promote safe driving behavior by 
     young drivers, older drivers, and repeat violators of traffic 
     safety regulations and laws.
       (b) Safety Promotion Activities.--The Secretary shall 
     promote or engage in activities that seek to ensure that--
       (1) cost effective and scientifically-based guidelines and 
     technologies for the nondiscriminatory evaluation and 
     licensing of high risk drivers are advanced;
       (2) model driver training, screening, licensing, control, 
     and evaluation programs are improved;
       (3) uniform or compatible State driver point systems and 
     other licensing and driver record information systems are 
     advanced as a means of identifying and initially evaluating 
     high risk drivers; and
       (4) driver training programs and the delivery of such 
     programs are advanced.
       (c) Driver Training Research.--The Secretary shall explore 
     the feasibility and advisability of using cost efficient 
     simulation and other technologies as a means of enhancing 
     driver training; shall advance knowledge regarding the 
     perceptual, cognitive, and decision making skills needed for 
     safe driving and to improve driver training; and shall 
     investigate the most effective means of integrating 
     licensing, training, and other techniques for preparing 
     novice drivers for the safe use of highway systems.

                   SUBTITLE B--YOUNG DRIVER PROGRAMS

     SEC. 221. STATE GRANTS FOR YOUNG DRIVER PROGRAMS.

       (a) Establishment of Grant Program.--Chapter 4 of title 23, 
     United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new section:

     ``Sec. 411. Programs for young drivers

       ``(a) General Authority.--Subject to the provisions of this 
     section, the Secretary shall make basic and supplemental 
     grants to those States which adopt and implement programs for 
     young drivers which include measures, described in this 
     section, to reduce traffic safety problems resulting from the 
     driving performance of young drivers. Such grants may only be 
     used by recipient States to implement and enforce such 
     measures.
       ``(b) Maintenance of Effort.--No grant may be made to a 
     State under this section in any fiscal year unless such State 
     enters into such agreements with the Secretary as the 
     Secretary may require to ensure that such State will maintain 
     its aggregate estimated expenditures from all other sources 
     for programs for young drivers at or above the average level 
     of such expenditures in its 2 fiscal years preceding the 
     fiscal year in which the High Risk Drivers Act of 1994 is 
     enacted.
       ``(c) Federal Share.--No State may receive grants under 
     this section in more than 5 fiscal years. The Federal share 
     payable for any grant under this section shall not exceed--
       ``(1) in the first fiscal year a State receives a grant 
     under this section, 75 percent of the cost of implementing 
     and enforcing in such fiscal year the young driver program 
     adopted by the State pursuant to subsection (a);
       ``(2) in the second fiscal year the State receives a grant 
     under this section, 50 percent of the cost of implementing 
     and enforcing in such fiscal year such program; and
       ``(3) in the third, fourth, and fifth fiscal years the 
     State receives a grant under this section, 25 percent of the 
     cost of implementing and enforcing in such fiscal year such 
     program.
       ``(d) Maximum Amount of Basic Grants.--Subject to 
     subsection (c), the amount of a basic grant made under this 
     section for any fiscal year to any State which is eligible 
     for such a grant under subsection (e) shall equal 30 percent 
     of the amount apportioned to such State for fiscal year 1989 
     under section 402 of this title. A grant to a State under 
     this section shall be in addition to the State's 
     apportionment under section 402, and basic grants during any 
     fiscal year may be proportionately reduced to accommodate an 
     applicable statutory obligation limitation for that fiscal 
     year.
       ``(e) Eligibility for Basic Grants.--
       ``(1) General.--For purposes of this section, a State is 
     eligible for a basic grant if such State--
       ``(A) establishes and maintains a graduated licensing 
     program for drivers under 18 years of age that meets the 
     requirements of paragraph (2); and
       ``(B)(i) in the first year of receiving grants under this 
     section, meets three of the seven criteria specified in 
     paragraph (3);
       ``(ii) in the second year of receiving such grants, meets 
     four of such criteria;
       ``(iii) in the third year of receiving such grants, meets 
     five of such criteria;
       ``(iv) in the fourth year of receiving such grants, meets 
     six of such criteria; and
       ``(v) in fifth year of receiving such grants, meets six of 
     such criteria.
     For purposes of subparagraph (B), a State shall be treated as 
     having met one of the requirements of paragraph (3) for any 
     year if the State demonstrates to the satisfaction of the 
     Secretary that, for the 3 preceding years, the alcohol fatal 
     crash involvement rate for individuals under the age of 21 
     has declined in that State and the alcohol fatal crash 
     involvement rate for such individuals has been lower in that 
     State than the average such rate for all States.
       ``(2) Graduated licensing program.--
       ``(A) A State receiving a grant under this section shall 
     establish and maintain a graduated licensing program 
     consisting of the following licensing stages for any driver 
     under 18 years of age:
       ``(i) An instructional license, valid for a minimum period 
     determined by the Secretary, under which the licensee shall 
     not operate a motor vehicle unless accompanied in the front 
     passenger seat by the holder of a full driver's license.
       ``(ii) A provisional driver's license which shall not be 
     issued unless the driver has passed a written examination on 
     traffic safety and has passed a roadtest administered by the 
     driver licensing agency of the State.
       ``(iii) A full driver's license which shall not be issued 
     until the driver has held a provisional license for at least 
     1 year with a clean driving record.
       ``(B) For purposes of subparagraph (A)(iii), subsection 
     (f)(1), and subsection (f)(6)(B), a provisional licensee has 
     a clean driving record if the licensee--
       ``(i) has not been found, by civil or criminal process, to 
     have committed a moving traffic violation during the 
     applicable period;
       ``(ii) has not been assessed points against the license 
     because of safety violations during such period; and
       ``(iii) has satisfied such other requirements as the 
     Secretary may prescribe by regulation.
       ``(C) The Secretary shall determine the conditions under 
     which a State shall suspend provisional driver's licenses in 
     order to be eligible for a basic grant. At a minimum, the 
     holder of a provisional license shall be subject to driver 
     control actions that are stricter than those applicable to 
     the holder of a full driver's license, including warning 
     letters and suspension at a lower point threshold.
       ``(D) For a State's first 2 years of receiving a grant 
     under this section, the Secretary may waive the clean driving 
     record requirement of subparagraph (A)(iii) if the State 
     submits satisfactory evidence of its efforts to establish 
     such a requirement.
       ``(3) Criteria for basic grant.--The seven criteria 
     referred to in paragraph (1)(B) are as follows:
       ``(A) The State requires that any driver under 21 years of 
     age with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.02 percent or 
     greater when driving a motor vehicle shall be deemed to be 
     driving while intoxicated for the purpose of (i) 
     administrative or judicial sanctions or (ii) a law or 
     regulation that prohibits any individual under 21 years of 
     age with a blood alcohol concentration of 0.02 percent or 
     greater from driving a motor vehicle.
       ``(B) The State has a law or regulation that provides a 
     mandatory minimum penalty of at least $500 for anyone who in 
     violation of State law or regulation knowingly, or without 
     checking for proper identification, provides or sells alcohol 
     to any individual under 21 years of age.
       ``(C) The State requires that the license of a driver under 
     21 years of age be suspended for a period specified by the 
     State if such driver is convicted of the unlawful purchase or 
     public possession of alcohol. The period of suspension shall 
     be at least 6 months for a first conviction and at least 12 
     months for a subsequent conviction; except that specific 
     license restrictions may be imposed as an alternative to such 
     minimum periods of suspension where necessary to avoid undue 
     hardship on any individual.
       ``(D) The State conducts youth-oriented traffic safety 
     enforcement activities, and education and training programs--
       ``(i) with the participation of judges and prosecutors, 
     that are designed to ensure enforcement of traffic safety 
     laws and regulations, including those that prohibit drivers 
     under 21 years of age from driving while intoxicated, 
     restrict the unauthorized use of a motor vehicle, and 
     establish other moving violations; and
       ``(ii) with the participation of student and youth groups, 
     that are designed to ensure compliance with such traffic 
     safety laws and regulations.
       ``(E) The State prohibits the possession of any open 
     alcoholic beverage container, or the consumption of any 
     alcoholic beverage, in the passenger area of any motor 
     vehicle located on a public highway or the right-of-way of a 
     public highway; except as allowed in the passenger area, by 
     persons (other than the driver), of a motor vehicle designed 
     to transport more than 10 passengers (including the driver) 
     while being used to provide charter transportation of 
     passengers.
       ``(F) The State provides, to a parent or legal guardian of 
     any provisional licensee, general information prepared with 
     the assistance of the insurance industry on the effect of 
     traffic safety convictions and at-fault accidents on 
     insurance rates for young drivers.
       ``(G) The State requires that a provisional driver's 
     license may be issued only to a driver who has satisfactorily 
     completed a State-accepted driver education and training 
     program that meets Department of Transportation guidelines 
     and includes information on the interaction of alcohol and 
     controlled substances and the effect of such interaction on 
     driver performance, and information on the importance of 
     motorcycle helmet use and safety belt use.
       ``(f) Supplemental Grant Program.--
       ``(1) Extended application of provisional license 
     requirement.--For purposes of this section, a State is 
     eligible for a supplemental grant for a fiscal year in an 
     amount, subject to subsection (c), not to exceed 10 percent 
     of the amount apportioned to such State for fiscal year 1989 
     under section 402 of this title if such State is eligible for 
     a basic grant and in addition such State requires that a 
     driver under 21 years of age shall not be issued a full 
     driver's license until the driver has held a provisional 
     license for at least 1 year with a clean driving record as 
     described in subsection (e)(2)(B).
       ``(2) Remedial driver education.--For purposes of this 
     section, a State is eligible for a supplemental grant for a 
     fiscal year in an amount, subject to subsection (c), not to 
     exceed 5 percent of the amount apportioned to such State for 
     fiscal year 1989 under section 402 of this title if such 
     State is eligible for a basic grant and in addition such 
     State requires, at a lower point threshold than for other 
     drivers, remedial driver improvement instruction for drivers 
     under 21 years of age and requires such remedial instruction 
     for any driver under 21 years of age who is convicted of 
     reckless driving, excessive speeding, driving under the 
     influence of alcohol, or driving while intoxicated.
       ``(3) Record of serious convictions; habitual or repeat 
     offender sanctions.--For purposes of this section, a State is 
     eligible for a supplemental grant for a fiscal year in an 
     amount, subject to subsection (c), not to exceed 5 percent of 
     the amount apportioned to such State for fiscal year 1989 
     under section 402 of this title if such State is eligible for 
     a basic grant and in addition such State--
       ``(A) requires that a notation of any serious traffic 
     safety conviction of a driver be maintained on the driver's 
     permanent traffic record for at least 10 years after the date 
     of the conviction; and
       ``(B) provides additional sanctions for any driver who, 
     following conviction of a serious traffic safety violation, 
     is convicted during the next 10 years of one or more 
     subsequent serious traffic safety violations.
       ``(4) Interstate Driver License Compact.--The State is a 
     member of and substantially complies with the interstate 
     agreement known as the Driver License Compact, promptly and 
     reliably transmits and receives through electronic means 
     interstate driver record information (including information 
     on commercial drivers) in cooperation with the Secretary and 
     other States, and develops and achieves demonstrable annual 
     progress in implementing a plan to ensure that (i) each court 
     of the State report expeditiously to the State driver 
     licensing agency all traffic safety convictions, license 
     suspensions, license revocations, or other license 
     restrictions, and driver improvement efforts sanctioned or 
     ordered by the court, and that (ii) such records be available 
     electronically to appropriate government officials (including 
     enforcement, officers, judges, and prosecutors) upon request 
     at all times.
       ``(5) The State has a law or regulation that provides a 
     minimum penalty of at least $100 for anyone who in violation 
     of State law or regulation drives any vehicle through, 
     around, or under any crossing, gate, or barrier at a railroad 
     crossing while such gate or barrier is closed or being opened 
     or closed.
       ``(6) Vehicle Seizure Program.--The State has a law or 
     regulation that--
       ``(A) mandates seizure by the State or any political 
     subdivision thereof of any vehicle driven by an individual in 
     violation of an alcohol-related traffic safety law, if such 
     violator has been convicted on more than one occasion of an 
     alcohol-related traffic offense within any 5-year period 
     beginning after the date of enactment of this section, or has 
     been convicted of driving while his or her driver's license 
     is suspended or revoked by reason of a conviction for such an 
     offense;
       ``(B) mandates that the vehicle be forfeited to the State 
     or a political subdivision thereof if the vehicle was solely 
     owned by such violator at the time of the violation;
       ``(C) requires that the vehicle be returned to the owner if 
     the vehicle was a stolen vehicle at the time of the 
     violation; and
       ``(D) authorizes the vehicle to be released to a member of 
     such violator's family, the co-owner, or the owner, if the 
     vehicle was not a stolen vehicle and was not solely owned by 
     such violator at the time of the violation, and if the family 
     member, co-owner, or owner, prior to such release, executes a 
     binding agreement that the family member, co-owner, or owner 
     will not permit such violator to drive the vehicle and that 
     the vehicle shall be forfeited to the State or a political 
     subdivision thereof in the event such violator drives the 
     vehicle with the permission of the family member, co-owner or 
     owner.
       ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section, 
     $9,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1996, 
     $12,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1997, 
     and $14,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1998, $16,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 
     1999, and $18,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 
     30, 2000.''.
       (b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis of chapter 4 of 
     title 23, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
     immediately after the item relating to section 410 the 
     following new item:

``411. Programs for young drivers.''.
       (c) Deadlines for Issuance of Regulations.--The Secretary 
     shall issue and publish in the Federal Register proposed 
     regulations to implement section 411 of title 23, United 
     States Code (as added by this section), not later than 6 
     months after the date of enactment of this Act. The final 
     regulations for such implementation shall be issued, 
     published in the Federal Register, and transmitted to 
     Congress not later than 12 months after such date of 
     enactment.

     SEC. 222. PROGRAM EVALUATION.

       (a) Evaluation by Secretary.--The Secretary shall, under 
     section 403 of title 23, United States Code, conduct an 
     evaluation of the effectiveness of State provisional driver's 
     licensing programs and the grant program authorized by 
     section 411 of title 23, United States Code (as added by 
     section 101 of this Act).
       (b) Report to Congress.--By January 1, 1997, the Secretary 
     shall transmit a report on the results of the evaluation 
     conducted under subsection (a) and any related research to 
     the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
     Senate and the Committee on Public Works and Transportation 
     of the House of Representatives. The report shall include any 
     related recommendations by the Secretary for legislative 
     changes.

                   SUBTITLE C--OLDER DRIVER PROGRAMS

     SEC. 231. OLDER DRIVER SAFETY RESEARCH.

       (a) Research on Predictability of High Risk Driving.--
       (1) The Secretary shall conduct a program that funds, 
     within budgetary limitations, the research challenges 
     presented in the Transportation Research Board's report 
     entitled ``Research and Development Needs for Maintaining the 
     Safety and Mobility of Older Drivers'' and the research 
     challenges pertaining to older drivers presented in a report 
     to Congress by the National Highway Traffic Safety 
     Administration entitled ``Addressing the Safety Issues 
     Related to Younger and Older Drivers''.
       (2) To the extent technically feasible, the Secretary shall 
     consider the feasibility and further the development of cost 
     efficient, reliable tests capable of predicting increased 
     risk of accident involvement or hazardous driving by older 
     high risk drivers.
       (b) Specialized Training for License Examiners.--The 
     Secretary shall encourage and conduct research and 
     demonstration activities to support the specialized training 
     of license examiners or other certified examiners to increase 
     their knowledge and sensitivity to the transportation needs 
     and physical limitations of older drivers, including 
     knowledge of functional disabilities related to driving, and 
     to be cognizant of possible countermeasures to deal with the 
     challenges to safe driving that may be associated with 
     increasing age.
       (c) Counseling Procedures and Consultation Methods.--The 
     Secretary shall encourage and conduct research and 
     disseminate information to support and encourage the 
     development of appropriate counseling procedures and 
     consultation methods with relatives, physicians, the traffic 
     safety enforcement and the motor vehicle licensing 
     communities, and other concerned parties. Such procedures and 
     methods shall include the promotion of voluntary action by 
     older high risk drivers to restrict or limit their driving 
     when medical or other conditions indicate such action is 
     advisable. The Secretary shall consult extensively with the 
     American Association of Retired Persons, the American 
     Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, the American 
     Occupational Therapy Association, the American Automobile 
     Association, the Department of Health and Human Services, the 
     American Public Health Association, and other interested 
     parties in developing educational materials on the 
     interrelationship of the aging process, driver safety, and 
     the driver licensing process.
       (d) Alternative Transportation Means.--The Secretary shall 
     ensure that the agencies of the Department of Transportation 
     overseeing the various modes of surface transportation 
     coordinate their policies and programs to ensure that funds 
     authorized under the Intermodal Surface Transportation 
     Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 102-240; 105 Stat. 1914) 
     and implementing Department of Transportation and Related 
     Agencies Appropriation Acts take into account the 
     transportation needs of older Americans by promoting 
     alternative transportation means whenever practical and 
     feasible.
       (e) State Licensing Practices.--The Secretary shall 
     encourage State licensing agencies to use restricted licenses 
     instead of canceling a license whenever such action is 
     appropriate and if the interests of public safety would be 
     served, and to closely monitor the driving performance of 
     older drivers with such licenses. The Secretary shall 
     encourage States to provide educational materials of benefit 
     to older drivers and concerned family members and physicians. 
     The Secretary shall promote licensing and relicensing 
     programs in which the applicant appears in person and shall 
     promote the development and use of cost effective screening 
     processes and testing of physiological, cognitive, and 
     perception factors as appropriate and necessary. Not less 
     than one model State program shall be evaluated in light of 
     this subsection during each of the fiscal years 1996 through 
     1998. Of the sums authorized under subsection (i), $250,000 
     is authorized for each such fiscal year for such evaluation.
       (f) Improvement of Medical Screening.--The Secretary shall 
     conduct research and other activities designed to support and 
     encourage the States to establish and maintain medical review 
     or advisory groups to work with State licensing agencies to 
     improve and provide current information on the screening and 
     licensing of older drivers. The Secretary shall encourage the 
     participation of the public in these groups to ensure 
     fairness and concern for the safety and mobility needs of 
     older drivers.
       (g) Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems.--In implementing 
     the Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems Act of 1991 (23 
     U.S.C. 307 note), the Secretary shall ensure that the 
     National Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems Program devotes 
     sufficient attention to the use of intelligent vehicle-
     highway systems to aid older drivers in safely performing 
     driver functions. Federally-sponsored research, development, 
     and operational testing shall ensure the advancement of night 
     vision improvement systems, technology to reduce the 
     involvement of older drivers in accidents occurring at 
     intersections, and other technologies of particular benefit 
     to older drivers.
       (h) Technical Evaluations Under Intermodal Surface 
     Transportation Efficiency Act.--In conducting the technical 
     evaluations required under section 6055 of the Intermodal 
     Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (Public Law 
     102-240; 105 Stat. 2192), the Secretary shall ensure that the 
     safety impacts on older drivers are considered, with special 
     attention being devoted to ensuring adequate and effective 
     exchange of information between the Department of 
     Transportation and older drivers or their representatives.
       (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the funds 
     authorized under section 403 of title 23, United States Code, 
     $1,250,000 is authorized for each of the fiscal years 1995 
     through 1997, to support older driver programs described in 
     subsections (a), (b), (c), (e), and (f).

                     SUBTITLE D--HIGH RISK DRIVERS

     SEC. 241. STUDY ON WAYS TO IMPROVE TRAFFIC RECORDS OF ALL 
                   HIGH RISK DRIVERS.

       (a) In General.--Within 1 year after the date of enactment 
     of this Act, the Secretary shall complete a study to 
     determine whether additional or strengthened Federal 
     activities, authority, or regulatory actions are desirable or 
     necessary to improve or strengthen the driver record and 
     control systems of the States to identify high risk drivers 
     more rapidly and ensure prompt intervention in the licensing 
     of high risk drivers. The study, which shall be based in part 
     on analysis obtained from a request for information published 
     in the Federal Register, shall consider steps necessary to 
     ensure that State traffic record systems are unambiguous, 
     accurate, current, accessible, complete, and (to the extent 
     useful) uniform among the States.
       (b) Specific Matters for Consideration.--Such study shall 
     at a minimum consider--
       (1) whether specific legislative action is necessary to 
     improve State traffic record systems;
       (2) the feasibility and practicality of further encouraging 
     and establishing a uniform traffic ticket citation and 
     control system;
       (3) the need for a uniform driver violation point system to 
     be adopted by the States;
       (4) the need for all the States to participate in the 
     Driver License Reciprocity Program conducted by the American 
     Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators;
       (5) ways to encourage the States to cross-reference driver 
     license files and motor vehicle files to facilitate the 
     identification of individuals who may not be in compliance 
     with driver licensing laws; and
       (6) the feasibility of establishing a national program that 
     would limit each driver to one driver's license from only one 
     State at any time.
       (c) Evaluation of National Information Systems.--As part of 
     the study required by this section, the Secretary shall 
     consider and evaluate the future of the national information 
     systems that support driver licensing. In particular, the 
     Secretary shall examine whether the Commercial Driver's 
     License Information System, the National Driver Register, and 
     the Driver License Reciprocity program should be more closely 
     linked or continue to exist as separate information systems 
     and which entities are best suited to operate such systems 
     effectively at the least cost. The Secretary shall cooperate 
     with the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators 
     in carrying out this evaluation.

     SEC. 242. STATE PROGRAMS FOR HIGH RISK DRIVERS.

       The Secretary shall encourage and promote State driver 
     evaluation, assistance, or control programs for high risk 
     drivers. These programs may include in-person license 
     reexaminations, driver education or training courses, license 
     restrictions or suspensions, and other actions designed to 
     improve the operating performance of high risk drivers.

                          SUBTITLE E--FUNDING

     SEC. 251. FUNDING FOR 23 USC 410 PROGRAM.

       In addition to any amount otherwise appropriated or 
     available for such use, there are authorized to be 
     appropriated $15,000,000 for fiscal years 1995, 1996, and 
     1997 for the purpose of carrying out section 410 of title 23, 
     United States Code.
       Amend the title so as to read: ``An Act to authorize 
     appropriations to carry out certain Federal railroad safety 
     laws, and for other purposes.''.

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