[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 112 (Friday, August 12, 1994)]
[Senate]
[Page S]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]


[Congressional Record: August 12, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

 
              BETTER NUTRITION AND HEALTH FOR CHILDREN ACT

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senator from 
Vermont is recognized.
  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I ask that we now go forward with S. 1614.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
  The legislative clerk read as follows:

       A bill (S. 1614) to amend the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 
     and the National School Lunch Act to promote healthy eating 
     habits for children and to extend certain authorities 
     contained in such acts through fiscal year 1998, and for 
     other purposes.

  The Senate proceeded to consider the bill, which had been reported 
from the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, with an 
amendment to strike out all after the enacting clause and inserting in 
lieu thereof the following:

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Better 
     Nutrition and Health for Children Act of 1994''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

               TITLE I--SCHOOL LUNCH AND RELATED PROGRAMS

Sec. 101. Delivery of commodities.
Sec. 102. Combined Federal and State commodity purchases.
Sec. 103. Nutritional requirements.
Sec. 104. Elimination of whole milk requirement.
Sec. 105. Use of free and reduced price meal eligibility information.
Sec. 106. Automatic eligibility of Head Start participants.
Sec. 107. Use of nutrition education and training program resources.
Sec. 108. Special assistance for schools electing to serve all children 
              free lunches or breakfasts.
Sec. 109. Definition of school.
Sec. 110. Reimbursement for meals, supplements, and milk under certain 
              programs contingent on timely submission of claims and 
              final program operations report.
Sec. 111. Organically produced agricultural products.
Sec. 112. Food and nutrition projects.
Sec. 113. Summer food service program for children.
Sec. 114. Commodity distribution program.
Sec. 115. Child and adult care food program.
Sec. 116. Homeless children nutrition program; demonstration program 
              for the prevention of boarder babies.
Sec. 117. Pilot projects.
Sec. 118. Food service management institute.
Sec. 119. Compliance and accountability.
Sec. 120. Duties of the Secretary of Agriculture relating to 
              nonprocurement debarment under certain child nutrition 
              programs.
Sec. 121. Nutrition education promotion program.
Sec. 122. Information clearinghouse.
Sec. 123. Guidance and grants for accommodating medical and special 
              dietary needs of children with disabilities.

            TITLE II--SCHOOL BREAKFAST AND RELATED PROGRAMS

Sec. 201. School breakfast program.
Sec. 202. State administrative expenses.
Sec. 203. Competitive foods of minimal nutritional value.
Sec. 204. Special supplemental nutrition program.
Sec. 205. Nutrition education and training program.

                       TITLE III--EFFECTIVE DATES

Sec. 301. Effective dates.
               TITLE I--SCHOOL LUNCH AND RELATED PROGRAMS

     SEC. 101. DELIVERY OF COMMODITIES.

       (a) In General.--Section 6 of the National School Lunch Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1755) is amended--
       (1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following 
     new subsection:
       ``(b) The Secretary shall deliver, to each State 
     participating in the school lunch program under this Act, 
     commodities valued at the total level of assistance 
     authorized under subsection (c) for each school year for the 
     school lunch program in the State, not later than September 
     30 of the following school year.'';
       (2) by striking subsections (c) and (d); and
       (3) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
     (c) and (d), respectively.
       (b) Conforming Amendments.--
       (1) Subsection (f), and clauses (i) and (ii) of subsection 
     (g)(3)(A), of section 14 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1762a) are 
     amended by striking ``section 6(e)'' and inserting ``section 
     6(c)''.
       (2) The last sentence of section 16(a) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1765(a)) is amended by striking ``section 6(e) of this 
     Act'' and inserting ``section 6(c)''.
       (3) Section 17(h)(1)(B) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1766(h)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``section 6(e)'' and 
     inserting ``section 6(c)''.

     SEC. 102. COMBINED FEDERAL AND STATE COMMODITY PURCHASES.

       Section 7 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1756) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
     Secretary may enter into an agreement with a State agency 
     under which funds payable to the State under section 4 or 11 
     may be used by the Secretary for the purpose of purchasing 
     commodities for use by schools in the State in meals served 
     under the school lunch program under this Act.''.

     SEC. 103. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS.

       (a) Technical Assistance for School Lunch Program.--Section 
     9(a)(1) of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1758(a)(1)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(1)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B) The Secretary shall provide technical assistance and 
     training, including technical assistance and training in the 
     preparation of lower-fat versions of foods commonly used in 
     the school lunch program under this Act, to schools 
     participating in the school lunch program to assist the 
     schools in complying with the nutritional requirements 
     prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to subparagraph (A) and 
     in providing appropriate meals to children with medically 
     certified special dietary needs. The Secretary shall provide 
     additional technical assistance to schools that are having 
     difficulty maintaining compliance with the requirements.''.
       (b) Minimum Nutritional Requirements Measured by Weekly 
     Average of Nutrient Content of School Lunches.--Section 
     9(a)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(a)(1)(A)) (as amended 
     by subsection (a)) is further amended--
       (1) by striking ``; except that such minimum nutritional 
     requirements'' and inserting the following: ``, except that--
       ``(i) the minimum nutritional requirements'';
       (2) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; 
     and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(ii) the minimum nutritional requirements shall be 
     measured by not less than the weekly average of the nutrient 
     content of school lunches.''.

     SEC. 104. ELIMINATION OF WHOLE MILK REQUIREMENT.

       Section 9(a)(2) of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1758(a)(2)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(2)'';
       (2) by striking ``fluid whole milk and fluid unflavored 
     lowfat milk'' and inserting ``fluid milk, except that a State 
     educational agency may require schools in the State to offer 
     any type or types of milk to students''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B)(i) The Secretary shall purchase each calendar year to 
     carry out the school lunch program under this Act, and the 
     school breakfast program under section 4 of the Child 
     Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773), lowfat cheese on a 
     bid basis in a quantity that is the milkfat equivalent of the 
     quantity of milkfat the Secretary estimates the Commodity 
     Credit Corporation will purchase each calendar year as a 
     result of the elimination of the requirement that schools 
     offer students fluid whole milk and fluid unflavored lowfat 
     milk, based on data provided by the Director of Office of 
     Management and Budget.
       ``(ii) Not later than 30 days after the Secretary provides 
     an estimate required under clause (i), the Director of the 
     Congressional Budget Office shall provide to the appropriate 
     committees of Congress a report on whether the Director 
     concurs with the estimate of the Secretary.
       ``(iii) The quantity of lowfat cheese that is purchased 
     under this subparagraph shall be in addition to the quantity 
     of cheese that is historically purchased by the Secretary to 
     carry out school feeding programs. The Secretary shall take 
     such actions as are necessary to ensure that purchases under 
     this subparagraph shall not displace commercial purchases of 
     cheese by schools.''.

     SEC. 105. USE OF FREE AND REDUCED PRICE MEAL ELIGIBILITY 
                   INFORMATION.

       Clause (iii) of section 9(b)(2)(C) of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(2)(C)(iii)) is amended to read 
     as follows:
       ``(iii) The use or disclosure of any information obtained 
     from an application for free or reduced price meals, or from 
     a State or local agency referred to in clause (ii), shall be 
     limited to--
       ``(I) a person directly connected with the administration 
     or enforcement of this Act or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 
     (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.), or a regulation issued pursuant to 
     either Act;
       ``(II) a person directly connected with the administration 
     or enforcement of a State health or education program 
     administered by the State or local educational agency (other 
     than a program carried out under title XIX of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.)); and
       ``(III)(aa) the Comptroller General of the United States 
     for audit and examination authorized by any other provision 
     of law; and
       ``(bb) notwithstanding any other provision of law, a 
     Federal, State, or local law enforcement official for the 
     purpose of investigating an alleged violation of any program 
     covered by paragraph (1) or this paragraph.
       ``(iv) Information provided by a school under clause 
     (iii)(II) shall be limited to the income eligibility status 
     of the child for whom application for free or reduced price 
     meal benefits was made or for whom eligibility information 
     was provided under clause (ii), unless the consent of the 
     parent or guardian of the child for whom application for 
     benefits was made is obtained.
       ``(v) A person described in clause (iii) who publishes, 
     divulges, discloses, or makes known in any manner, or to any 
     extent not authorized by Federal law (including a 
     regulation), any information obtained under this subsection 
     shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more 
     than 1 year, or both.''.

     SEC. 106. AUTOMATIC ELIGIBILITY OF HEAD START PARTICIPANTS.

       (a) In General.--Section 9(b)(6) of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(6)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (A)--
       (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking ``a 
     member of'';
       (B) in clause (i)--
       (i) by inserting ``a member of'' after ``(i)''; and
       (ii) by striking ``or'' at the end;
       (C) in clause (ii)--
       (i) by inserting ``a member of'' after ``(ii)''; and
       (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; 
     or''; and
       (D) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(iii) enrolled as a participant in a Head Start program 
     authorized under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.), 
     on the basis of a determination that the child is a member of 
     a family that meets the low-income criteria prescribed under 
     section 645(a)(1)(A) of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
     9840(a)(1)(A)).''; and
       (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``food stamps or aid 
     to families with dependent children'' and inserting ``food 
     stamps or aid to families with dependent children, or of 
     enrollment or participation in a Head Start program on the 
     basis described in subparagraph (A)(iii),''.
       (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) 
     shall become effective on September 1, 1995.

     SEC. 107. USE OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAM 
                   RESOURCES.

       Section 9 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(f) In carrying out this Act and the Child Nutrition Act 
     of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.), a State educational agency 
     shall, particularly with regard to the responsibilities of 
     the agency under subsection (a)(3), use resources provided 
     through the nutrition education and training program 
     authorized under section 19 of the Child Nutrition Act of 
     1966 (42 U.S.C. 1788) for training aimed at improving the 
     quality and acceptance of school meals.''.

     SEC. 108. SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR SCHOOLS ELECTING TO SERVE 
                   ALL CHILDREN FREE LUNCHES OR BREAKFASTS.

       Section 11(a)(1) of the National School Lunch Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1759a(a)(1)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(1)'';
       (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``In the case of'' 
     and inserting the following:
       ``(B) Except as provided in subparagraph (C), (D), or (E), 
     in the case of''; and
       (3) by striking the third and fourth sentences and 
     inserting the following new subparagraphs:
       ``(C)(i) Except as provided in subparagraph (D), in the 
     case of any school that--
       ``(I) elects to serve all children in the school free 
     lunches under the school lunch program during any period of 3 
     successive school years, or in the case of a school that 
     serves both lunches and breakfasts, elects to serve all 
     children in the school free lunches and free breakfasts under 
     the school lunch program and the school breakfast program 
     established under section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 
     1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773) during any period of 3 successive 
     school years; and
       ``(II) pays, from sources other than Federal funds, for the 
     costs of serving the lunches or breakfasts that are in excess 
     of the value of assistance received under this Act and the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.) with 
     respect to the number of lunches or breakfasts served during 
     the period;

     special assistance payments shall be paid to the State 
     educational agency with respect to the school during the 
     period on the basis of the number of lunches or breakfasts 
     determined under clause (ii) or (iii).
       ``(ii) For purposes of making special assistance payments 
     under clause (i), except as provided in clause (iii), the 
     number of lunches or breakfasts served by a school to 
     children who are eligible for free lunches or breakfasts or 
     reduced price lunches or breakfasts during each school year 
     of the 3-school-year period shall be considered to be equal 
     to the number of lunches or breakfasts served by the school 
     to children eligible for free lunches or breakfasts or 
     reduced price lunches or breakfasts during the first school 
     year of the period.
       ``(iii) For purposes of computing the amount of the 
     payments, a school may elect to determine on a more frequent 
     basis the number of children who are eligible for free or 
     reduced price lunches or breakfasts who are served lunches or 
     breakfasts during the 3-school-year period.
       ``(D)(i) In the case of any school that, on the date of 
     enactment of this subparagraph, is receiving special 
     assistance payments under this paragraph for a 3-school-year 
     period described in subparagraph (C), the State may grant, at 
     the end of the 3-school-year period, an extension of the 
     period for an additional 2 school years, if the State 
     determines, through available socioeconomic data approved by 
     the Secretary, that the income level of the population of the 
     school has remained stable.
       ``(ii) A school described in clause (i) may reapply to the 
     State at the end of the 2-school-year period described in 
     clause (i) for the purpose of continuing to receive special 
     assistance payments, as determined in accordance with this 
     paragraph, for a subsequent 5-school-year period. The school 
     may reapply to the State at the end of the 5-school-year 
     period, and at the end of each 5-school-year period 
     thereafter for which the school receives special assistance 
     payments under this paragraph, for the purpose of continuing 
     to receive the payments for a subsequent 5-school-year 
     period. The school shall require submission of applications 
     for free and reduced price lunches, or for free and reduced 
     price lunches and breakfasts, in the first school year of 
     each 5-school-year period for which the school receives 
     special assistance payments under this paragraph, for the 
     purpose of calculating the special assistance payments.
       ``(E)(i) In the case of any school that--
       ``(I) elects to serve all children in the school free 
     lunches under the school lunch program during any period of 4 
     successive school years, or in the case of a school that 
     serves both lunches and breakfasts, elects to serve all 
     children in the school free lunches and free breakfasts under 
     the school lunch program and the school breakfast program 
     during any period of 4 successive school years; and
       ``(II) pays, from sources other than Federal funds, for the 
     costs of serving the lunches or breakfasts that are in excess 
     of the value of assistance received under this Act and the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.) with 
     respect to the number of lunches or breakfasts served during 
     the period;
     total Federal cash reimbursements and total commodity 
     assistance shall be provided to the State educational agency 
     with respect to the school at a level that is equal to the 
     total Federal cash reimbursements and total commodity 
     assistance received by the school in the last school year for 
     which the school accepted applications under the school lunch 
     or school breakfast program, adjusted annually for inflation 
     in accordance with paragraph (3)(B) and for changes in 
     enrollment, to carry out the school lunch or school breakfast 
     program.
       ``(ii) A school described in clause (i) may reapply to the 
     State at the end of the 4-school-year period described in 
     clause (i), and at the end of each 4-school-year period 
     thereafter for which the school receives reimbursements and 
     assistance under this subparagraph, for the purpose of 
     continuing to receive the reimbursements and assistance for a 
     subsequent 4-school-year period. The State may approve an 
     application under this clause if the State determines, 
     through available socioeconomic data approved by the 
     Secretary, that the income level of the population of the 
     school has remained consistent with the income level of the 
     population of the school in the last school year for which 
     the school accepted the applications described in clause 
     (i).''.

     SEC. 109. DEFINITION OF SCHOOL.

       (a) In General.--Section 12(d)(5) of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1760(d)(5)) is amended--
       (1) in the first sentence--
       (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``under,'' and 
     inserting ``under and'';
       (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``, and'' and 
     inserting a period; and
       (C) by striking subparagraph (C); and
       (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``of clauses (A) 
     and (B)''.
       (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) 
     shall become effective on October 1, 1995.

     SEC. 110. REIMBURSEMENT FOR MEALS, SUPPLEMENTS, AND MILK 
                   UNDER CERTAIN PROGRAMS CONTINGENT ON TIMELY 
                   SUBMISSION OF CLAIMS AND FINAL PROGRAM 
                   OPERATIONS REPORT.

       Section 12 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1760) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(j)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary 
     may provide reimbursements for final claims submitted to 
     State agencies by eligible schools, institutions, and service 
     institutions for service of meals, supplements, and milk 
     under this Act or the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1771 et seq.) only if--
       ``(A) the claims have been submitted to the State agencies 
     not later than 60 days after the last day of the month for 
     which reimbursements are claimed; and
       ``(B) the final program operations report for the month is 
     submitted to the Secretary not later than 90 days after the 
     last day of the month.
       ``(2) The Secretary may waive the requirements of paragraph 
     (1).''.

     SEC. 111. ORGANICALLY PRODUCED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.

       Section 12 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1760) (as amended by section 110) is further amended by 
     adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(k)(1) The Secretary shall make available, at the request 
     of State educational agencies and schools participating in 
     the school lunch program, information about means for schools 
     to obtain organically produced agricultural products (as 
     defined in section 2103 of the Organic Foods Production Act 
     of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6502)), such as meats, poultry products, 
     fruits, products made from grains, dairy products, and 
     vegetables that are organically produced.''.
       ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall apply beginning on the date the 
     Secretary establishes an organic certification program for 
     producers and handlers of agricultural products in accordance 
     with such Act (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.).''.

     SEC. 112. FOOD AND NUTRITION PROJECTS.

       Section 12 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1760) (as amended by section 111) is further amended by 
     adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(l)(1) The Secretary, acting through the Administrator of 
     the Food and Nutrition Service or through the Extension 
     Service, shall award on an annual basis grants to a private 
     nonprofit organization or educational institution in each of 
     3 States to create, operate, and demonstrate food and 
     nutrition projects that are fully integrated with elementary 
     school curricula.
       ``(2) Each organization or institution referred to in 
     paragraph (1) shall be selected by the Secretary and shall--
       ``(A) assist local schools and educators in offering food 
     and nutrition education that integrates math, science, and 
     verbal skills in the elementary grades;
       ``(B) assist local schools and educators in teaching 
     agricultural practices through practical applications, like 
     gardening;
       ``(C) create community service learning opportunities or 
     educational programs;
       ``(D) be experienced in assisting in the creation of 
     curriculum-based models in elementary schools;
       ``(E) be sponsored by an organization or institution, or be 
     an organization or institution, that provides information, or 
     conducts other educational efforts, concerning the success 
     and productivity of American agriculture and the importance 
     of the free enterprise system to the quality of life in the 
     United States; and
       ``(F) be able to provide model curricula, examples, advice, 
     and guidance to school, community groups, States, and local 
     organizations regarding means of carrying out similar 
     projects.
       ``(3) Subject to the availability of appropriations to 
     carry out this subsection, the Secretary shall make grants to 
     each of the 3 private organizations or institutions selected 
     under this section in amounts of not less than $100,000, nor 
     more than $200,000, for each of fiscal years 1995 through 
     1998.
       ``(4) The Secretary shall establish fair and reasonable 
     auditing procedures regarding the expenditure of funds under 
     this subsection.
       ``(5) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
     this subsection such sums as are necessary for each of fiscal 
     years 1995 through 1998.''.

     SEC. 113. SUMMER FOOD SERVICE PROGRAM FOR CHILDREN.

       (a) Order of Priority.--Section 13(a)(4) of the National 
     School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1761(a)(4)) is amended by 
     striking subparagraphs (A) through (F) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(A) School food authorities.
       ``(B) Units of local, municipal, or county government that 
     have demonstrated successful program performance in a prior 
     year.
       ``(C) Other units of local, municipal, or county 
     government, and private nonprofit organizations eligible 
     under paragraph (7).''.
       (b) Private Nonprofit Organizations.--Section 13(a)(7) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1761(a)(7)) is amended by striking 
     subparagraph (C).
       (c) Non-School Sites.--Section 13(c)(1) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1761(c)(1)) is amended by inserting before the period 
     at the end the following: ``or that provide meal service at 
     non-school sites to children who are not in school for a 
     period during the months of October through April due to an 
     unanticipated school closure''.
       (d) Registered Food Service Management Company Reports.--
     Section 13(l)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1761(l)(3)) is 
     amended by striking ``and their program record'' and 
     inserting ``that have been seriously deficient in their 
     participation in the program,''.
       (e) Management and Administration Plan.--Section 13(n) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1761(n)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2), by adding ``and'' after the semicolon 
     at the end;
       (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the semicolon at the end 
     and inserting a period; and
       (3) by striking paragraphs (4) through (12).
       (f) Elimination of Warning in Private Nonprofit 
     Organization Application Relating to Criminal Provisions and 
     Related Matters.--Section 13(q) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1761(q)) is amended--
       (1) by striking paragraph (2);
       (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
       (3) in paragraph (4), by striking ``paragraphs (1) and 
     (3)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (1) and (2)''.
       (g) Hearings Regarding State Action on the Basis of Federal 
     Review Findings.--Section 13(q) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1761(q)) (as amended by paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection 
     (f)) is further amended by inserting before paragraph (4) the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(3) A State shall not be required to provide a hearing to 
     a private nonprofit organization concerning a State action 
     taken on the basis of a Federal review finding with respect 
     to a program carried out under this section. If a State does 
     not provide a hearing to the organization concerning the 
     action, the Secretary, on request, shall provide a hearing to 
     the organization concerning the action.''.
       (h) Extension of Program.--Section 13(r) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1761(r)) is amended by striking ``1994'' and inserting 
     ``1998''.

     SEC. 114. COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM.

       (a) Extension.--Section 14(a) of the National School Lunch 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1762a(a)) is amended by striking ``1994'' and 
     inserting ``1998''.
       (b) Nutritional Content.--Section 14(b) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1762a(b)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(b)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
       ``(2) The Secretary shall improve the overall nutritional 
     quality of entitlement commodities (within the meaning of 
     section 18) provided to schools under the school lunch 
     program to assist the schools in improving the nutritional 
     content of meals served under the program.
       ``(3) The Secretary shall--
       ``(A) require that nutritional content information labels 
     be placed on packages or shipments of commodities provided to 
     schools under the school lunch program; or
       ``(B) otherwise provide nutritional content information 
     regarding the commodities provided to schools under the 
     school lunch program.''.

     SEC. 115. CHILD AND ADULT CARE FOOD PROGRAM.

       (a) Reapplication for Assistance at 3-Year Intervals.--
     Section 17(d)(2)(A) of the National School Lunch Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1766(d)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ``2-year 
     intervals'' and inserting ``3-year intervals''.
       (b) Use of Administrative Funds to Conduct Outreach and 
     Recruitment to Unlicensed Day Care Homes.--Section 
     17(f)(3)(C) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1766(f)(3)(C)) is 
     amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(i)'' after ``(C)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(ii) Funds for administrative expenses may be used by a 
     family or group day care home sponsoring organization to 
     conduct outreach and recruitment to unlicensed family or 
     group day care homes so that the day care homes may become 
     licensed.''.
       (c) Information and Training Concerning Child Health and 
     Development.--Section 17(k) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1766(k)) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(4) The Secretary shall encourage States to provide 
     information and training concerning child health and 
     development to family or group day care home sponsoring 
     organizations.''.
       (d) Extension of Statewide Demonstration Projects.--Section 
     17(p) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1766(p)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (4)(B), by striking ``1992'' and inserting 
     ``1998''; and
       (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ``1994'' and inserting 
     ``1998''.
       (e) WIC Information.--Section 17 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1766) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(q)(1) The Secretary shall provide State agencies with 
     basic information concerning the importance and benefits of 
     the special supplemental nutrition program for women, 
     infants, and children authorized under section 17 of the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786).
       ``(2) The State agency shall--
       ``(A) provide each child care institution participating in 
     the program established under this section, other than 
     institutions providing day care outside school hours for 
     schoolchildren, with materials that include--
       ``(i) a basic explanation of the benefits and importance of 
     the special supplemental nutrition program for women, 
     infants, and children;
       ``(ii) the maximum income limits, according to family size, 
     applicable to children up to age 5 in the State under the 
     special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, 
     and children; and
       ``(iii) a listing of the addresses and phone numbers of 
     offices at which parents may apply;
       ``(B) annually provide the institutions with an update of 
     the information on income limits described in subparagraph 
     (A)(ii); and
       ``(C) ensure that, at least once a year, the institutions 
     to which subparagraph (A) applies provide written information 
     to parents that includes--
       ``(i) basic information on the benefits provided under the 
     special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, 
     and children;
       ``(ii) information on the maximum income limits, according 
     to family size, applicable to the program; and
       ``(iii) information on where parents may apply to 
     participate in the program.''.

     SEC. 116. HOMELESS CHILDREN NUTRITION PROGRAM; DEMONSTRATION 
                   PROGRAM FOR THE PREVENTION OF BOARDER BABIES.

       (a) Homeless Children Nutrition Program.--The National 
     School Lunch Act is amended by inserting after section 17A 
     (42 U.S.C. 1766a) the following new section:

     ``SEC. 17B. HOMELESS CHILDREN NUTRITION PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct projects 
     designed to provide food service throughout the year to 
     homeless children under the age of 6 in emergency shelters.
       ``(b) Agreements To Participate in Projects.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall enter into 
     agreements with State, city, local, or county governments, 
     other public entities, or private nonprofit organizations to 
     participate in the projects conducted under this section.
       ``(2) Eligibility requirements.--The Secretary shall 
     establish eligibility requirements for the entities described 
     in paragraph (1) that desire to participate in the projects 
     conducted under this section, including requirements that--
       ``(A) each private nonprofit organization shall operate not 
     more than 5 food service sites under the project and shall 
     serve not more than 300 homeless children under the age of 6 
     at each site; and
       ``(B) each food service site operated by any of the 
     organizations shall meet applicable State and local health, 
     safety, and sanitation standards.
       ``(c) Project Requirements.--
       ``(1) In general.--A project conducted under this section 
     shall--
       ``(A) use the same meal patterns, and receive reimbursement 
     payments for meals and supplements at the same rates, as 
     apply to child care centers participating in the child care 
     food program established under section 17 for free meals and 
     supplements; and
       ``(B) receive reimbursement payments for meals and 
     supplements served on Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, at 
     the request of the sponsor of the project.
       ``(2) Modification.--The Secretary may modify the meal 
     pattern requirements to take into account the needs of 
     infants.
       ``(3) Homeless children eligible for free meals without 
     application.--Homeless children under the age of 6 in 
     emergency shelters shall be considered eligible for free 
     meals without submitting an application.
       ``(d) Funding Priorities.--From the amount described in 
     subsection (f), the Secretary shall provide funding for 
     projects carried out under this section for a particular 
     fiscal year (referred to in this subsection as the `current 
     fiscal year') in the following order of priority, to the 
     maximum extent practicable:
       ``(1) The Secretary shall first provide such funding to 
     entities and organizations, each of which--
       ``(A) received funding under this section or section 18(c) 
     (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
     section) to carry out a project for the preceding fiscal 
     year; and
       ``(B) is eligible to receive funding under this section to 
     carry out the project for the current fiscal year;

     to enable the entity or organization to carry out the project 
     under this section for the current fiscal year at the level 
     of service provided by the project during the preceding 
     fiscal year.
       ``(2) From the portion of the amount that remains after the 
     application of paragraph (1), the Secretary shall provide 
     funds to entities and organizations, each of which is 
     eligible to receive funding under this section, to enable the 
     entity or organization to carry out a new project under this 
     section for the current fiscal year, or to expand the level 
     of service provided by a project for the current fiscal year 
     over the level provided by the project during the preceding 
     fiscal year.
       ``(e) Notice.--The Secretary shall advise each State of the 
     availability of the projects conducted under this subsection 
     for States, cities, counties, local governments, and other 
     public entities, and shall advise each State of the 
     procedures for applying to participate in the project.
       ``(f) Funding.--
       ``(1) In general.--From funds made available under section 
     7(a)(5)(B)(i) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1776(a)(5)(B)(i)), the Secretary shall expend $3,000,000 for 
     fiscal year 1995 and each subsequent fiscal year to carry out 
     this section.
       ``(2) Exception.--The Secretary may expend less than the 
     amount described in paragraph (1) if there is an insufficient 
     number of suitable applicants to carry out projects under 
     this section. Any funds made available under this subsection 
     to carry out the projects for a fiscal year that are not 
     obligated to carry out the projects in the fiscal year shall 
     remain available until expended for purposes of carrying out 
     the projects.
       ``(g) Definition of Emergency Shelter.--As used in this 
     section, the term `emergency shelter' has the meaning 
     provided in section 321(2) of the Stewart B. McKinney 
     Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11351(2)).''.
       (b) Demonstration Program for the Prevention of Boarder 
     Babies.--Subsection (c) of section 18 of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769(c)) is amended to read as follows:
       ``(c)(1) Using the funds provided under paragraph (7), the 
     Secretary shall conduct at least 1 demonstration project 
     through a participating entity during each of fiscal years 
     1995 through 1998 that is designed to provide food and 
     nutrition services throughout the year to--
       ``(A) homeless pregnant women; and
       ``(B) homeless mothers or guardians of infants, and the 
     children of the mothers and guardians.
       ``(2) To be eligible to obtain funds under this subsection, 
     a homeless shelter, transitional housing organization, or 
     other entity that provides or will provide temporary housing 
     for individuals described in paragraph (1) shall (in 
     accordance with guidelines established by the Secretary)--
       ``(A) submit to the Secretary a proposal to provide food 
     and nutrition services, including a plan for coordinating the 
     services with services provided under the special 
     supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and 
     children authorized under section 17 of the Child Nutrition 
     Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786);
       ``(B) receive the approval of the Secretary for the 
     proposal;
       ``(C) be located in an urban area that has--
       ``(i) a significant population of boarder babies;
       ``(ii) a very high rate of mortality for children under 1 
     year of age; or
       ``(iii) a significant population of homeless pregnant women 
     and homeless women with infants;

     as determined by the Secretary; and
       ``(D) be able to coordinate services provided under this 
     subsection with the services provided by the local government 
     and with other programs that may assist the participants 
     receiving services under this subsection.
       ``(3) Food and nutrition services funded under this 
     subsection--
       ``(A) may include--
       ``(i) meals, supplements, and other food;
       ``(ii) nutrition education;
       ``(iii) nutrition assessments;
       ``(iv) referrals to--
       ``(I) the special supplemental nutrition program for women, 
     infants, and children authorized under section 17 of such Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1786);
       ``(II) the medical assistance program established under 
     title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et 
     seq.); and
       ``(III) other public or private programs and services;
       ``(v) activities related to the services described in any 
     of clauses (i) through (iv); and
       ``(vi) administrative activities related to the services 
     described in any of clauses (i) through (v); and
       ``(B) may not include the construction, purchase, or rental 
     of real property.
       ``(4)(A) A participating entity shall--
       ``(i) use the same meal patterns, and receive reimbursement 
     payments for meals and supplements at the same rates, as 
     apply to child care centers participating in the child care 
     food program under section 17 for free meals and supplements;
       ``(ii) receive reimbursement payments for meals and 
     supplements served on Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, at 
     the request of the entity; and
       ``(iii) maintain a policy of not providing services or 
     assistance to pregnant women, or homeless women with infants, 
     who use a controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of 
     the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)).
       ``(B) The Secretary may modify the meal pattern 
     requirements to take into account the needs of infants, 
     homeless pregnant women, homeless mothers, guardians of 
     infants, or the children of the women, mothers, or guardians.
       ``(C) The Secretary shall provide funding to a 
     participating entity for services described in paragraph (3) 
     that are provided to individuals described in paragraph (1).
       ``(5) The Secretary shall impose such auditing and 
     recordkeeping requirements as are necessary to monitor the 
     use of Federal funds to carry out this subsection.
       ``(6) The Secretary shall periodically report to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress on projects carried out 
     under this subsection.
       ``(7)(A) Out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise 
     appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall provide to 
     the Secretary $400,000 for each of fiscal years 1995 through 
     1998 to carry out this subsection. The Secretary shall be 
     entitled to receive the funds and shall accept the funds.
       ``(B) Any funds provided under subparagraph (A) to carry 
     out projects under this subsection for a fiscal year that are 
     not obligated in the fiscal year shall be used by the 
     Secretary to carry out the homeless children nutrition 
     program established under section 17B.
       ``(8) As used in this subsection:
       ``(A) The term `boarder baby' means an abandoned infant 
     described in section 103(1) of the Abandoned Infants 
     Assistance Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-505; 42 U.S.C. 670 
     note).
       ``(B) The term `nutrition education' has the meaning 
     provided in section 17(b)(7) of the Child Nutrition Act of 
     1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786(b)(7)).''.

     SEC. 117. PILOT PROJECTS.

       (a) Fortified Fluid Milk.--Section 18 of the National 
     School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following new subsection:
       ``(e)(1) Subject to the availability of appropriations to 
     carry out this subsection, the Secretary shall establish 
     pilot projects in at least 25 school districts under which 
     the milk offered by schools meets the fortification 
     requirements of paragraph (3) for lowfat, skim, and other 
     forms of fluid milk.
       ``(2) The Secretary shall make available to school 
     districts information that compares the nutritional benefits 
     of fluid milk that meets the fortification requirements of 
     paragraph (3) and the nutritional benefits of other milk that 
     is made available through the school lunch program 
     established under this Act.
       ``(3) The fortification requirements for fluid milk for the 
     pilot project referred to in paragraph (1) shall provide 
     that--
       ``(A) all whole milk in final package form for beverage use 
     shall contain not less than--
       ``(i) 3.25 percent milk fat; and
       ``(ii) 8.7 percent milk solids not fat;
       ``(B) all lowfat milk in final package form for beverage 
     use shall contain not less than 10 percent milk solids not 
     fat; and
       ``(C) all skim milk in final package form for beverage use 
     shall contain not less than 9 percent milk solids not fat.
       ``(4)(A) In selecting where to establish pilot projects 
     under this subsection, the Secretary shall take into account, 
     among other factors, the availability of fortified milk and 
     the interest of the school district in being included in the 
     pilot project.
       ``(B) The Secretary shall establish the pilot projects in 
     as many geographic areas as practicable, except that none of 
     the projects shall be established in school districts that 
     use milk described in paragraph (3) or similar milk.
       ``(5) Not later than 2 years after the establishment of 
     pilot projects under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
     report to the appropriate committees of Congress on--
       ``(A) the acceptability of fortified whole, lowfat, and 
     skim milk products to participating children;
       ``(B) the impact of offering the milk on milk consumption;
       ``(C) the views of the school food service authorities on 
     the pilot projects; and
       ``(D) any increases or reductions in costs attributed to 
     the pilot projects.
       ``(6) The Secretary shall--
       ``(A) obtain copies of any research studies or papers that 
     discuss the impact of the fortification of milk pursuant to 
     standards established by the States; and
       ``(B) on request, make available to State agencies and the 
     public--
       ``(i) the information obtained under subparagraph (A); and
       ``(ii) information about where to obtain milk described in 
     paragraph (3).
       ``(7)(A) The pilot projects established under this 
     subsection shall terminate on the last day of the third year 
     after the establishment of the pilot projects.
       ``(B) The Secretary shall advise representatives of all 
     districts participating in the pilot projects that the 
     districts may continue to offer the fortified forms of milk 
     described in paragraph (3) after the project terminates.''.
       (b) Increased Choices of Fruits, Vegetables, Legumes, 
     Cereals, and Grain-Based Products.--Section 18 of such Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1769) (as amended by subsection (a)) is further 
     amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(f)(1) The Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot 
     project to assist schools participating in the school lunch 
     program established under this Act, and the school breakfast 
     program established under section 4 of the Child Nutrition 
     Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773), to offer participating students 
     additional choices of fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, 
     and grain-based products (including, subject to paragraph 
     (7), organically produced agricultural commodities and 
     products) (collectively referred to in this subsection as 
     `qualified products').
       ``(2) The Secretary shall establish procedures under which 
     schools may apply to participate in the pilot project. To the 
     maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall select 
     qualified schools that apply from each State.
       ``(3) The Secretary shall use the funds provided under this 
     subsection to provide to the schools referred to in paragraph 
     (1)--
       ``(A) per meal reimbursements, in addition to 
     reimbursements otherwise due the schools;
       ``(B) incentive awards to schools that agree to increase 
     the choices of the schools of qualified products during the 
     school year; or
       ``(C) qualified products acquired by the Secretary.
       ``(4) The Secretary may provide a priority for receiving 
     funds under this subsection to--
       ``(A) schools that are located in low-income areas (as 
     defined by the Secretary); and
       ``(B) schools that rarely offer 3 or more choices of 
     qualified products per meal.
       ``(5) On request, the Secretary shall provide information 
     to the appropriate committees of Congress on the impact of 
     the pilot project on participating schools, including--
       ``(A) the extent to which school children increased 
     consumption of qualified products;
       ``(B) the extent to which increased consumption of 
     qualified products offered under the pilot project has 
     contributed to a reduction in fat intake in the school 
     breakfast and school lunch programs;
       ``(C) the desirability of--
       ``(i) requiring that each school participating in the 
     school breakfast program increase the number of choices of 
     qualified products offered per meal to at least 2 choices;
       ``(ii) requiring that each school participating in the 
     school lunch program increase the number of choices of 
     qualified products offered per meal; and
       ``(iii) mandating that the Secretary provide additional 
     Federal reimbursements to assist schools in complying with 
     clauses (i) and (ii);
       ``(D) the views of school food service authorities on the 
     pilot project; and
       ``(E) any increase or reduction in costs to the schools in 
     offering the additional qualified products.
       ``(6) Subject to the availability of funds appropriated to 
     carry out this subsection, the Secretary shall use not more 
     than $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1995 through 1997 
     to carry out this subsection.
       ``(7) For purposes of this subsection, qualified products 
     shall include organically produced agricultural commodities 
     and products beginning on the date the Secretary establishes 
     an organic certification program for producers and handlers 
     of agricultural products in accordance with the Organic Foods 
     Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.).''.
       (c) Increased Choices of Lowfat Dairy Products and Lean 
     Meat and Poultry Products.--Section 18 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1769) (as amended by subsection (b)) is further amended by 
     adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(g)(1) The Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot 
     project to assist schools participating in the school lunch 
     program established under this Act, and the school breakfast 
     program established under section 4 of the Child Nutrition 
     Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773), to offer participating students 
     additional choices of lowfat dairy products and lean meat and 
     poultry products (including, subject to paragraph (7), 
     organically produced agricultural commodities and products) 
     (collectively referred to in this subsection as `qualified 
     products').
       ``(2) The Secretary shall establish procedures under which 
     schools may apply to participate in the pilot project. To the 
     maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall select 
     qualified schools that apply from each State.
       ``(3) The Secretary shall use the funds provided under this 
     subsection to provide to the schools referred to in paragraph 
     (1)--
       ``(A) per meal reimbursements, in addition to 
     reimbursements otherwise due the schools;
       ``(B) incentive awards to schools that agree to increase 
     the choices of the schools of qualified products during the 
     school year; or
       ``(C) qualified products acquired by the Secretary.
       ``(4) The Secretary may provide a priority for receiving 
     funds under this subsection to--
       ``(A) schools that are located in low-income areas (as 
     defined by the Secretary); and
       ``(B) schools that rarely offer 3 or more choices of 
     qualified products per meal.
       ``(5) On request, the Secretary shall provide information 
     to the appropriate committees of Congress on the impact of 
     the pilot project on participating schools, including--
       ``(A) the extent to which school children increased 
     consumption of qualified products;
       ``(B) the extent to which increased consumption of 
     qualified products offered under the pilot project has 
     contributed to a reduction in fat intake in the school 
     breakfast and school lunch programs;
       ``(C) the desirability of--
       ``(i) requiring that each school participating in the 
     school breakfast program increase the number of choices of 
     qualified products offered per meal to at least 2 choices;
       ``(ii) requiring that each school participating in the 
     school lunch program increase the number of choices of 
     qualified products offered per meal; and
       ``(iii) mandating that the Secretary provide additional 
     Federal reimbursements to assist schools in complying with 
     clauses (i) and (ii);
       ``(D) the views of the school food service authorities on 
     the pilot project; and
       ``(E) any increase or reduction in costs to the schools in 
     offering the additional qualified products.
       ``(6) Subject to the availability of funds appropriated to 
     carry out this subsection, the Secretary shall use not more 
     than $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1995 through 1997 
     to carry out this subsection.
       ``(7) For purposes of this subsection, qualified products 
     shall include organically produced agricultural commodities 
     and products beginning on the date the Secretary establishes 
     an organic certification program for producers and handlers 
     of agricultural products in accordance with the Organic Foods 
     Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.).''.

     SEC. 118. FOOD SERVICE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE.

       (a) Required Activities.--Section 21(c)(2) of the National 
     School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1769b-1(c)(2)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (B)--
       (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (viii);
       (B) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
       (C) by inserting after clause (viii) the following new 
     clause:
       ``(ix) culinary skills; and'';
       (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (D);
       (3) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E) 
     and inserting a semicolon; and
       (4) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
       ``(F) training food service personnel to comply with the 
     nutrition guidance and objectives of section 24 through a 
     national network of instructors or other means;
       ``(G) preparing informational materials, such as video 
     instruction tapes and menu planners, to promote healthier 
     food preparation; and
       ``(H) assisting State educational agencies in providing 
     additional nutrition and health instructions and instructors, 
     including training personnel to comply with the nutrition 
     guidance and objectives of section 24.''.
       (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 21 (42 U.S.C. 
     1769b-1) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``from'' and 
     inserting ``subject to the availability of, and from,''; and
       (2) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following 
     new subsection:
       ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
       ``(1) Training activities and technical assistance.--There 
     are authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 for fiscal year 
     1990, $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, and $1,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 1992 through 1998 for purposes of 
     carrying out subsection (a)(1).
       ``(2) Food service management institute.--
       ``(A) Funding.--Out of any moneys in the Treasury not 
     otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
     provide to the Secretary $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1995 and 
     each subsequent fiscal year to carry out subsection (a)(2). 
     The Secretary shall be entitled to receive the funds and 
     shall accept the funds.
       ``(B) Additional funding.--In addition to amounts made 
     available under subparagraph (A), there are authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out subsection (a)(2) $2,000,000 for 
     each of fiscal years 1995 through 1998. The Secretary shall 
     carry out activities under subsection (a)(2), in addition to 
     the activities funded under subparagraph (A), to the extent 
     provided for, and in such amounts as are provided for, in 
     advance in appropriations Acts.''.

     SEC. 119. COMPLIANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY.

       Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this 
     Act, the Director of the Office of Technology Assessment 
     shall submit a report to the Committee on Education and Labor 
     of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
     Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate that 
     analyzes--
       (1) the status of the coordinated review system authorized 
     under section 22 of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1769c);
       (2) the advantages and disadvantages of the system; and
       (3) the cost impact of the system on schools.

     SEC. 120. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE RELATING TO 
                   NONPROCUREMENT DEBARMENT 
                   UNDER CERTAIN CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS.

       (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
       (1) in recent years, there has been an alarming number of 
     instances of price-fixing and bid-rigging regarding foods 
     purchased for--
       (A) the school lunch program established under the National 
     School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.); and
       (B) the school breakfast program established under section 
     4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773);
       (2) effective educational and monitoring programs can 
     greatly reduce the incidence of price-fixing and bid-rigging 
     by companies that sell products to schools;
       (3) reducing the incidence of price-fixing and bid-rigging 
     in connection with the school lunch and breakfast programs 
     could save school districts, parents, and taxpayers millions 
     of dollars per year; and
       (4) the Comptroller General of the United States has noted 
     that bid-rigging awareness training is an effective means of 
     deterring improper collusion and bid-rigging.
       (b) Nonprocurement Debarment.--The National School Lunch 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
     the following new section:

     ``SEC. 25. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY RELATING TO NONPROCUREMENT 
                   DEBARMENT.

       ``(a) Purposes.--The purposes of this section are to 
     promote the prevention and deterrence of instances of fraud, 
     bid rigging, and other anticompetitive activities encountered 
     in the procurement of products for child nutrition programs 
     by--
       ``(1) establishing guidelines and a timetable for the 
     Secretary to initiate debarment proceedings, as well as 
     establishing mandatory debarment periods; and
       ``(2) providing training, technical advice, and guidance in 
     identifying and preventing the activities.
       ``(b) Definitions.--As used in this section:
       ``(1) Child nutrition program.--The term `child nutrition 
     program' means--
       ``(A) the school lunch program established under this Act;
       ``(B) the summer food service program for children 
     established under section 13;
       ``(C) the child and adult care food program established 
     under section 17;
       ``(D) the homeless children nutrition program established 
     under section 17B;
       ``(E) the special milk program established under section 3 
     of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1772);
       ``(F) the school breakfast program established under 
     section 4 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1773); and
       ``(G) the special supplemental nutrition program for women, 
     infants, and children authorized under section 17 of such Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1786).
       ``(2) Contractor.--The term `contractor' means a person 
     that contracts with a State, an agency of a State, or a local 
     agency to provide goods or services in relation to the 
     participation of a local agency in a child nutrition program.
       ``(3) Local agency.--The term `local agency' means a 
     school, school food authority, child care center, sponsoring 
     organization, or other entity authorized to operate a child 
     nutrition program at the local level.
       ``(4) Nonprocurement debarment.--The term `nonprocurement 
     debarment' means an action to bar a person from programs and 
     activities involving Federal financial and nonfinancial 
     assistance, but not including Federal procurement programs 
     and activities.
       ``(5) Person.--The term `person' means any individual, 
     corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, or other 
     legal entity, however organized.
       ``(c) Assistance To Identify and Prevent Fraud and 
     Anticompetitive Activities.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(1) in cooperation with any other appropriate individual, 
     organization, or agency, provide advice, training, technical 
     assistance, and guidance (which may include awareness 
     training, training films, and troubleshooting advice) to 
     representatives of States and local agencies regarding means 
     of identifying and preventing fraud and anticompetitive 
     activities relating to the provision of goods or services in 
     conjunction with the participation of a local agency in a 
     child nutrition program; and
       ``(2) provide information to, and fully cooperate with, the 
     Attorney General and State attorneys general regarding 
     investigations of fraud and anticompetitive activities 
     relating to the provision of goods or services in conjunction 
     with the participation of a local agency in a child nutrition 
     program.
       ``(d) Nonprocurement Debarment.--
       ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (3) and 
     subsection (e), not later than 180 days after notification of 
     the occurrence of a cause for debarment described in 
     paragraph (2), the Secretary shall initiate nonprocurement 
     debarment proceedings against the contractor who has 
     committed the cause for debarment.
       ``(2) Causes for debarment.--Actions requiring initiation 
     of nonprocurement debarment pursuant to paragraph (1) shall 
     include a situation in which a contractor is found guilty in 
     any criminal proceeding, or found liable in any civil or 
     administrative proceeding, in connection with the supplying, 
     providing, or selling of goods or services to any local 
     agency in connection with a child nutrition program, of--
       ``(A) an anticompetitive activity, including bid-rigging, 
     price-fixing, the allocation of customers between 
     competitors, or other violation of Federal or State antitrust 
     laws;
       ``(B) fraud, bribery, theft, forgery, or embezzlement;
       ``(C) knowingly receiving stolen property;
       ``(D) making a false claim or statement; or
       ``(E) other obstruction of justice.
       ``(3) Exception.--If the Secretary determines that a 
     decision on initiating nonprocurement debarment proceedings 
     cannot be made within 180 days after notification of the 
     occurrence of a cause for debarment described in paragraph 
     (2) because of the need to further investigate matters 
     relating to the possible debarment or for other good cause 
     (as determined by the Secretary), the Secretary may have such 
     additional time as the Secretary considers necessary to make 
     a decision, but not to exceed an additional 180 days.
       ``(4) Mandatory child nutrition program debarment 
     periods.--
       ``(A) In general.--Subject to the other provisions of this 
     paragraph and notwithstanding any other provision of law 
     except subsection (e), if, after deciding to initiate 
     nonprocurement debarment proceedings pursuant to paragraph 
     (1), the Secretary decides to debar a contractor, the 
     debarment shall be for a period of not less than 1 year.
       ``(B) Previous debarment.--If the contractor has been 
     previously debarred pursuant to nonprocurement debarment 
     proceedings initiated pursuant to paragraph (1), and the 
     cause for debarment is described in paragraph (2) based on 
     activities that occurred subsequent to the initial debarment, 
     the debarment shall be for a period of not less than 3 years.
       ``(C) Scope.--At a minimum, a debarment under this 
     subsection shall serve to bar the contractor for the 
     specified period from contracting to provide goods or 
     services in conjunction with the participation of a local 
     agency in a child nutrition program.
       ``(D) Reversal, reduction, or exception.--Nothing in this 
     section shall restrict the ability of the Secretary to--
       ``(i) reverse a debarment decision;
       ``(ii) reduce the period or scope of a debarment;
       ``(iii) grant an exception permitting a debarred contractor 
     to participate in a particular contract to provide goods or 
     services; or
       ``(iv) otherwise settle a debarment action at any time;
     in conjunction with the participation of a local agency in a 
     child nutrition program, if the Secretary determines there is 
     good cause for the action, after taking into account factors 
     set forth in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (e).
       ``(5) Information.--On request, the Secretary shall present 
     to the appropriate congressional committees information 
     regarding the decisions required by this subsection.
       ``(6) Relationship to other authorities.--A debarment 
     imposed under this section shall not reduce or diminish the 
     authority of a Federal, State, or local government agency or 
     court to penalize, imprison, fine, suspend, debar, or take 
     other adverse action against a person in a civil, criminal, 
     or administrative proceeding.
       ``(7) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
     regulations as are necessary to carry out this subsection.
       ``(e) Mandatory Debarment.--Notwithstanding any other 
     provision of this section, the Secretary shall initiate the 
     nonprocurement debarment proceedings described in subsection 
     (d)(1) against the contractor who has committed a cause for 
     debarment (as determined under subsection (d)(2)), unless the 
     action--
       ``(1) is likely to have a significant adverse effect on 
     competition or prices in the relevant market or nationally;
       ``(2) will interfere with the ability of a local agency to 
     procure a needed product for a child nutrition program;
       ``(3) is unfair to a person that is not involved in the 
     improper activity that would otherwise result in the 
     debarment;
       ``(4) is likely to have significant adverse economic 
     impacts on the local economy in a manner that is unfair to 
     innocent parties;
       ``(5) is not justified in light of the penalties already 
     imposed on the contractor for violations relevant to the 
     proposed debarment; or
       ``(6) is not in the public interest, or otherwise is not in 
     the interests of justice, as determined by the Secretary.
       ``(f) Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies.--Prior to 
     seeking judicial review in a court of competent jurisdiction, 
     a contractor against whom a nonprocurement debarment 
     proceeding has been initiated shall--
       ``(1) exhaust all administrative procedures prescribed by 
     the Secretary; and
       ``(2) receive notice of the final determination of the 
     Secretary.
       ``(g) Information Relating to Prevention and Control of 
     Anticompetitive Activities.--On request, the Secretary shall 
     present to the appropriate congressional committees 
     information regarding the activities of the Secretary 
     relating to anticompetitive activities, fraud, nonprocurement 
     debarment, and any waiver granted by the Secretary under this 
     section.''.
       (c) Applicability.--Section 25 of the National School Lunch 
     Act (as added by subsection (b)) shall not apply to a cause 
     for debarment as described in section 25(d)(2) of such Act 
     that is based on an activity that took place prior to the 
     effective date of section 25 of such Act.
       (d) No Reduction in Authority To Debar or Suspend a Person 
     From Federal Financial and Nonfinancial Assistance and 
     Benefits.--The authority of the Secretary of Agriculture that 
     exists on the day before the date of enactment of this Act to 
     debar or suspend a person from Federal financial and 
     nonfinancial assistance and benefits under Federal programs 
     and activities shall not be diminished or reduced by this Act 
     or the amendment made by subsection (b).

     SEC. 121. NUTRITION EDUCATION PROMOTION PROGRAM.

       The National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) (as 
     amended by section 120(b)) is further amended by adding at 
     the end of each the following new section:

     ``SEC. 26. NUTRITION EDUCATION PROMOTION PROGRAM.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, using amounts received 
     under subsection (d), shall establish a nutrition education 
     promotion program to promote healthy eating habits among 
     participants in the domestic food assistance programs of the 
     Department.
       ``(b) Conduct of Program.--In carrying out the program 
     described in subsection (a), the Secretary may--
       ``(1) develop or assist other persons in developing 
     appropriate educational materials, including public service 
     announcements, promotional publications, and press kits for 
     the purpose of promoting nutrition education;
       ``(2) distribute or assist other persons in distributing 
     the materials to appropriate public or private individuals 
     and entities; and
       ``(3) provide funds to public or private individuals and 
     entities, including teachers, child care providers, 
     physicians, health professional organizations, food service 
     personnel, school food authorities, and community-based 
     organizations for the purpose of assisting the individuals 
     and entities in conducting nutrition education promotion 
     programs to promote healthy eating habits among the 
     participants in the domestic food assistance programs of the 
     Department.
       ``(c) Cooperative Agreements and Grants.--The Secretary may 
     enter into cooperative agreements with, and make grants to, 
     Federal agencies, State, and local governments, and other 
     entities, to carry out the program described in subsection 
     (a).
       ``(d) Gifts, Bequests, and Devises.--
       ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, the Secretary may solicit, accept, use, and dispose of 
     gifts, bequests, or devises of services or property, both 
     real and personal, for the purpose of establishing and 
     carrying out the program described in subsection (a). Gifts, 
     bequests, or devises of money and proceeds from the sale of 
     other property received as gifts, bequests, or devises shall 
     be deposited in the Treasury and shall be available for 
     disbursement on order of the Secretary.
       ``(2) Criteria for acceptance.--The Secretary shall 
     establish criteria for determining whether to solicit and 
     accept gifts, bequests, or devises under paragraph (1), 
     including criteria that would ensure that the acceptance of 
     any gifts, bequests, or devises would not--
       ``(A) reflect unfavorably on the ability of the Secretary 
     to carry out the responsibilities of the Secretary in a fair 
     and objective manner; or
       ``(B) compromise, or appear to compromise, the integrity of 
     any governmental program or any officer or employee involved 
     in the program.''.

     SEC. 122. INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE.

       The National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) (as 
     amended by section 121) is further amended by adding at the 
     end the following new section:

     ``SEC. 27. INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall enter into a 
     contract with a nongovernmental organization described in 
     subsection (b) to establish and maintain a clearinghouse to 
     provide information to nongovernmental groups located 
     throughout the United States that assist low-income 
     individuals or communities regarding food assistance, self-
     help activities to aid individuals in becoming self-reliant, 
     and other activities that empower low-income individuals or 
     communities to improve the lives of low-income individuals 
     and reduce reliance on Federal, State, or local governmental 
     agencies for food or other assistance.
       ``(b) Nongovernmental Organization.--The nongovernmental 
     organization referred to in subsection (a) shall be selected 
     on a competitive basis and shall--
       ``(1) be experienced in the gathering of first-hand 
     information in all the States through onsite visits to 
     grassroots organizations in each State that fight hunger and 
     poverty or that assist individuals in becoming self-reliant;
       ``(2) be experienced in the establishment of a 
     clearinghouse similar to the clearinghouse described in 
     subsection (a);
       ``(3) agree to contribute in-kind resources towards the 
     establishment and maintenance of the clearinghouse and agree 
     to provide clearinghouse information, free of charge, to the 
     Secretary, States, counties, cities, antihunger groups, and 
     grassroots organizations that assist individuals in becoming 
     self-sufficient and self-reliant;
       ``(4) be sponsored by an organization, or be an 
     organization, that--
       ``(A) has helped combat hunger for at least 10 years;
       ``(B) is committed to reinvesting in the United States; and
       ``(C) is knowledgeable regarding Federal nutrition 
     programs;
       ``(5) be experienced in communicating the purpose of the 
     clearinghouse through the media, including the radio and 
     print media, and be able to provide access to the 
     clearinghouse information through computer or 
     telecommunications technology, as well as through the mails; 
     and
       ``(6) be able to provide examples, advice, and guidance to 
     States, counties, cities, communities, antihunger groups, and 
     local organizations regarding means of assisting individuals 
     and communities to reduce reliance on government programs, 
     reduce hunger, improve nutrition, and otherwise assist low-
     income individuals and communities become more self-
     sufficient.
       ``(c) Audits.--The Secretary shall establish fair and 
     reasonable auditing procedures regarding the expenditures of 
     funds to carry out this section.
       ``(d) Funding.--Out of any moneys in the Treasury not 
     otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
     pay to the Secretary to provide to the organization selected 
     under this section, to establish and maintain the information 
     clearinghouse, $200,000 for each of fiscal years 1995 and 
     1996, $150,000 for each of fiscal years 1997 and 1998, and 
     $75,000 for fiscal year 1999. The Secretary shall be entitled 
     to receive the funds and shall accept the funds.''.

     SEC. 123. GUIDANCE AND GRANTS FOR ACCOMMODATING MEDICAL AND 
                   SPECIAL DIETARY NEEDS OF CHILDREN WITH 
                   DISABILITIES.

       The National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) (as 
     amended by section 122) is further amended by adding at the 
     end the following new section:

     ``SEC. 28. GUIDANCE AND GRANTS FOR ACCOMMODATING MEDICAL AND 
                   SPECIAL DIETARY NEEDS OF CHILDREN WITH 
                   DISABILITIES.

       ``(a) Definitions.--As used in this section:
       ``(1) Children with disabilities.--The term `children with 
     disabilities' means individuals, each of which is--
       ``(A) a participant in a covered program; and
       ``(B) an individual with a disability, as defined in 
     section 7(8) of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 
     706(8)) for purposes of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 
     of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794).
       ``(2) Covered program.--The term `covered program' means--
       ``(A) the school lunch program established under this Act;
       ``(B) the school breakfast program established under 
     section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1773); and
       ``(C) any other program established under this Act or the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.) that the 
     Secretary determines is appropriate.
       ``(3) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
     school food service authority, or institution or 
     organization, that participates in a covered program.
       ``(b) Guidance.--
       ``(1) Development.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
     Attorney General and the Secretary of Education, shall 
     develop and approve guidances for accommodating the medical 
     and special dietary needs of children with disabilities under 
     covered programs in a manner that is consistent with section 
     504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794).
       ``(2) Timing.--In the case of the school lunch program 
     established under this Act and the school breakfast program 
     established under section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 
     1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773), the Secretary shall develop the 
     guidance as required by paragraph (1) not later than 90 days 
     after the date of enactment of this section.
       ``(3) Distribution.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
     that the development of the guidance relating to a covered 
     program is completed, the Secretary shall distribute the 
     guidance to school food service authorities, and institutions 
     and organizations, participating in the covered program.
       ``(4) Revision of guidance.--The Secretary, in consultation 
     with the Attorney General and the Secretary of Education, 
     shall periodically update and approve the guidance to reflect 
     new scientific information and comments and suggestions from 
     persons carrying out covered programs, recognized medical 
     authorities, parents, and other persons.
       ``(c) Grants.--
       ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
     appropriations provided in advance to carry out this 
     subsection, the Secretary shall make grants on a competitive 
     basis to State educational agencies for distribution to 
     eligible entities to assist the eligible entities with 
     nonrecurring expenses incurred in accommodating the medical 
     and special dietary needs of children with disabilities in a 
     manner that is consistent with section 504 of the 
     Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 794).
       ``(2) Additional assistance.--Subject to paragraph 
     (3)(A)(iii), assistance received through grants made under 
     this subsection shall be in addition to any other assistance 
     that State educational agencies and eligible entities would 
     otherwise receive.
       ``(3) Allocation by secretary.--
       ``(A) Preference.--In making grants under this subsection 
     for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall provide a preference 
     to State educational agencies that, individually--
       ``(i) submit to the Secretary a plan for accommodating the 
     needs described in paragraph (1), including a description of 
     the purpose of the project for which the agency seeks such a 
     grant, a budget for the project, and a justification for the 
     budget;
       ``(ii) provide to the Secretary data demonstrating that the 
     State served by the agency has a substantial percentage of 
     children with medical or special dietary needs, and 
     information explaining the basis for the data; or
       ``(iii) demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Secretary 
     that the activities supported through such a grant will be 
     coordinated with activities supported under other Federal, 
     State, and local programs, including--

       ``(I) activities carried out under title XIX of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.);
       ``(II) activities carried out under the Individuals with 
     Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.); and
       ``(III) activities carried out under section 19 of the 
     Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1788) or by the food 
     service management institute established under section 21.

       ``(B) Reallocation.--The Secretary shall act in a timely 
     manner to recover and reallocate to other States any amounts 
     provided to a State educational agency under this subsection 
     that are not used by the agency within a reasonable period 
     (as determined by the Secretary).
       ``(C) Applications.--The Secretary shall allow State 
     educational agencies to apply on an annual basis for 
     assistance under this subsection.
       ``(4) Allocation by state educational agencies.--In 
     allocating funds made available under this subsection within 
     a State, the State educational agency shall give a preference 
     to eligible entities that demonstrate the greatest ability to 
     use the funds to carry out the plan submitted by the State in 
     accordance with paragraph (3)(A)(i).
       ``(5) Maintenance of effort.--Expenditures of funds from 
     State and local sources to accommodate the needs described in 
     paragraph (1) shall not be diminished as a result of grants 
     received under this subsection.
       ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
     years 1995 through 2000 to carry out this subsection.''.
            TITLE II--SCHOOL BREAKFAST AND RELATED PROGRAMS

     SEC. 201. SCHOOL BREAKFAST PROGRAM.

       (a) Technical Assistance for School Breakfast Program.--
     Section 4(e)(1) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1773(e)(1)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(1)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B) The Secretary shall provide through State educational 
     agencies technical assistance and training, including 
     technical assistance and training in the preparation of 
     lower-fat versions of foods commonly used in the school 
     breakfast program established under this section, to schools 
     participating in the school breakfast program to assist the 
     schools in complying with the nutritional requirements 
     prescribed by the Secretary pursuant to subparagraph (A) and 
     in providing appropriate meals to children with medically 
     certified special dietary needs. The Secretary shall provide 
     through State educational agencies additional technical 
     assistance to schools that are having difficulty maintaining 
     compliance with the requirements.''.
       (b) Startup and Expansion of School Breakfast Program and 
     Summer Food Service Program for Children.--Subsection (g) of 
     section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1773(g)) is amended to read as follows:


                            ``STARTUP COSTS

       ``(g)(1) The Secretary shall make payments, totalling not 
     less than $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1991 through 
     1996, $6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1997 and 1998, and 
     $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and each subsequent fiscal 
     year, on a competitive basis and in the following order of 
     priority (subject to other provisions of this subsection), 
     to--
       ``(A) State educational agencies in a substantial number of 
     States for distribution to eligible schools to assist the 
     schools with nonrecurring expenses incurred in--
       ``(i) initiating a school breakfast program under this 
     section; or
       ``(ii) expanding a school breakfast program; and
       ``(B) a substantial number of States for distribution to 
     service institutions to assist the institutions with 
     nonrecurring expenses incurred in--
       ``(i) initiating a summer food service program for 
     children; or
       ``(ii) expanding a summer food service program for 
     children.
       ``(2) Payments received under this subsection shall be in 
     addition to payments to which State agencies are entitled 
     under subsection (b) and section 13 of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1761).
       ``(3) To be eligible to receive a payment under this 
     subsection, a State educational agency shall submit to the 
     Secretary a plan to expand school breakfast programs 
     conducted in the State, including a description of the manner 
     in which the agency will provide technical assistance and 
     funding to schools in the State to expand the programs.
       ``(4) In making payments under this subsection for any 
     fiscal year to initiate or expand school breakfast programs, 
     the Secretary shall provide a preference to State educational 
     agencies that--
       ``(A) have in effect a State law that requires the 
     expansion of the programs during the year;
       ``(B) have significant public or private resources that 
     have been assembled to carry out the expansion of the 
     programs during the year;
       ``(C) do not have a breakfast program available to a large 
     number of low-income children in the State; or
       ``(D) serve an unmet need among low-income children, as 
     determined by the Secretary.
       ``(5) In making payments under this subsection for any 
     fiscal year to initiate or expand summer food service 
     programs for children, the Secretary shall provide a 
     preference to States--
       ``(A)(i) in which the numbers of children participating in 
     the summer food service program for children represent the 
     lowest percentages of the number of children receiving free 
     or reduced price meals under the national school lunch 
     program established under the National School Lunch Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1751 et seq.); or
       ``(ii) that do not have a summer food service program for 
     children available to a large number of low-income children 
     in the State; and
       ``(B) that submit to the Secretary a plan to expand the 
     summer food service programs for children conducted in the 
     State, including a description of--
       ``(i) the manner in which the State will provide technical 
     assistance and funding to service institutions in the State 
     to expand the programs; and
       ``(ii) significant public or private resources that have 
     been assembled to carry out the expansion of the programs 
     during the year.
       ``(6) The Secretary shall act in a timely manner to recover 
     and reallocate to other States any amounts provided to a 
     State educational agency or State under this subsection that 
     are not used by the agency or State within a reasonable 
     period (as determined by the Secretary).
       ``(7) The Secretary shall allow States to apply on an 
     annual basis for assistance under this subsection.
       ``(8) Each State agency and State, in allocating funds 
     within the State, shall give preference for assistance under 
     this subsection to eligible schools and service institutions 
     that demonstrate the greatest need for a breakfast program or 
     a summer food service program for children, respectively.
       ``(9) Expenditures of funds from State and local sources 
     for the maintenance of the breakfast program and the summer 
     food service program for children shall not be diminished as 
     a result of payments received under this subsection.
       ``(10) As used in this subsection:
       ``(A) The term `eligible school' means a school--
       ``(i) attended by children a significant percentage of whom 
     are members of low-income families; and
       ``(ii) that agrees to operate the breakfast program 
     established with the assistance provided under this section 
     for a period of not less than 3 years.
       ``(B) The term `service institutions' means an institution 
     or organization described in paragraph (1)(B) or (7) of 
     section 13(a) of the National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1761(a)(1)(B) or (7)).
       ``(C) The term `summer food service program for children' 
     means a program authorized by section 13 of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1761).''.

     SEC. 202. STATE ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES.

       (a) Funding for Homeless Children Nutrition Program.--
     Section 7(a) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1776(a)) is amended--
       (1) in the second sentence of paragraph (1), by striking 
     ``paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of this subsection'' and 
     inserting ``paragraphs (2) through (5)''; and
       (2) in paragraph (5), by striking subparagraph (B) and 
     inserting the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B)(i) Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
     subsection, of the amounts that are provided under paragraph 
     (1), before making the allocations required under paragraphs 
     (2), (3), and (4), the Secretary shall allocate $3,000,000 
     for fiscal year 1995 and each subsequent fiscal year to carry 
     out section 17B of the National School Lunch Act.
       ``(ii) After making the allocations required under clause 
     (i) and paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), the Secretary shall 
     allocate, for purposes of administrative costs, any remaining 
     amounts among States that demonstrate a need for the 
     amounts.''.
       (b) Withholding of Funds for Serious Deficiency in State 
     Administration of Programs.--Section 7(a) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1776(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following 
     new paragraph:
       ``(9)(A) If the Secretary determines that the 
     administration of any program by a State under this Act 
     (other than section 17) or under the National School Lunch 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.), or compliance with a regulation 
     issued to carry out a program pursuant to either of such 
     Acts, is seriously deficient, and the State fails to correct 
     the deficiency within a period of time specified by the 
     Secretary, the Secretary may withhold from the State all or 
     part of the funds allocated to the State under this section 
     and sections 13(k)(1) and 17 of the National School Lunch Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1761(k)(1) and 1766).
       ``(B) On a subsequent determination by the Secretary that 
     the administration of the program for which the Secretary 
     withheld funds under subparagraph (A), or compliance with the 
     regulation issued to carry out the program, is no longer 
     seriously deficient and is carried out in an acceptable 
     manner, the Secretary may allocate all or part of the funds 
     withheld under subparagraph (A) to the State.''.
       (c) Extension of Authority To Provide Funds for State 
     Administrative Expenses.--Section 7(h) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1776(h)) is amended by striking ``1994'' and inserting 
     ``1998''.
       (d) Prohibition of Funding Unless State Agrees To 
     Participate in Certain Studies or Surveys.--Section 7 of such 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1776) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (i); and
       (2) by inserting after subsection (g) the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(h) The Secretary may not provide amounts under this 
     section to a State for administrative costs incurred in any 
     fiscal year unless the State agrees to participate in each 
     study or survey of a program authorized under this Act or the 
     National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) that is 
     conducted by the Secretary.''.

     SEC. 203. COMPETITIVE FOODS OF MINIMAL NUTRITIONAL VALUE.

       Section 10 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1779) is amended--
       (1) by designating the first, second, and third sentences 
     as subsections (a), (b), and (c), respectively;
       (2) in subsection (b) (as so designated)--
       (A) by striking ``Such regulations'' and inserting ``(1) 
     The regulations''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
       ``(2) The Secretary shall develop and provide to elementary 
     schools, through each State agency, model language that bans 
     the sale of competitive foods of minimal nutritional value 
     anywhere on elementary school grounds before the end of the 
     last lunch period.
       ``(3) The Secretary shall provide to secondary schools, 
     through State agencies, a copy of regulations (in existence 
     on the effective date of this paragraph) concerning the sale 
     of competitive foods of minimal nutritional value.
       ``(4) Paragraphs (2) and (3) shall not apply to a State 
     that has in effect a ban on the sale of competitive foods of 
     minimal nutritional value in schools in the State.''.

     SEC. 204. SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM.

       (a) Definition of Nutritional Risk.--Section 17(b)(8) of 
     the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786(b)(8)) is 
     amended--
       (1) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E);
       (2) by inserting after ``health,'' at the end of 
     subparagraph (C) the following new subparagraph: ``(D) 
     conditions that directly affect the nutritional health of a 
     person, such as alcoholism or drug abuse,''; and
       (3) in subparagrah (E) (as so redesignated), by striking 
     ``alcoholism and drug addiction, homelessness, and'' and 
     inserting ``homelessness and''.
       (b) Presumptive Eligibility.--Section 17(d)(3) of such Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1786(d)(3)) is amended--
       (1) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(3)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B) Under the procedures, a pregnant woman who meets the 
     income eligibility standards shall be considered 
     presumptively eligible to participate in the program and 
     shall be certified for participation immediately, without 
     delaying certification until an evaluation is made concerning 
     nutritional risk. A nutritional risk evaluation of the woman 
     shall be completed not later than 60 days after the woman is 
     certified for participation. If it is subsequently determined 
     that the woman does not meet nutritional risk criteria, the 
     certification of the woman shall terminate on the date of the 
     determination.''.
       (c) Technical Corrections.--Section 17(e) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1786(e)) is amended by redesignating paragraph (3) (as 
     added by section 123(a)(3)(D) of the Child Nutrition and WIC 
     Reauthorization Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-147; 103 Stat. 
     895)) and paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (4), (5), and 
     (6), respectively.
       (d) Coordination of WIC and Medicaid Programs Using Managed 
     Care Providers.--Section 17(f)(1)(C)(iii) is amended by 
     inserting before the semicolon at the end the following: ``, 
     including medicaid programs that use managed care providers 
     under section 1903(m) or 1915(b) of the Social Security Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1396b(m) or 1396n(b)) (including coordination 
     through the referral of potentially eligible women, infants, 
     and children between the program authorized under this 
     section and the medicaid program)''.
       (e) Priority Consideration for Certain Migrant 
     Populations.--The first sentence of section 17(f)(3) of such 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(f)(3)) is amended by inserting before the 
     period at the end the following: ``and shall ensure that 
     local programs provide priority consideration to serving 
     migrant participants who are residing in the State for a 
     limited period of time''.
       (f) Income Eligibility Guidelines.--Paragraph (18) of 
     section 17(f) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(f)(18)) is amended 
     to read as follows:
       ``(18) Not later than July 1 of each year, a State agency 
     may implement income eligibility guidelines under this 
     section concurrently with the implementation of income 
     eligibility guidelines under the medicaid program established 
     under title XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et 
     seq.).''.
       (g) Use of Recovered Program Funds in Year Collected.--
     Section 17(f) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(f)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(23) A State agency may use funds recovered as a result 
     of violations in the food delivery system of the program in 
     the year in which the funds are collected for the purpose of 
     carrying out the program.''.
       (h) Extension of Program.--Section 17 of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1786) is amended--
       (1) in the first sentence of subsection (g)(1), by striking 
     ``1991, 1992, 1993, and 1994'' and inserting ``1991 through 
     1998''; and
       (2) in the first sentence of subsection (h)(2)(A), by 
     striking ``1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 and 1994'' and inserting 
     ``1990 through 1998''.
       (i) Use of Funds for Technical Assistance and Research 
     Evaluation Projects.--Section 17(g)(5) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(g)(5)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``and administration of pilot projects'' 
     and inserting ``administration of pilot projects'';
       (2) by inserting before the period at the end the 
     following: ``, and carrying out technical assistance and 
     research evaluation projects of the programs established 
     under this section''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``The 
     Secretary may allow the interagency transfer of funds made 
     available to carry out this paragraph to Federal and other 
     agencies to carry out projects and initiatives that are 
     consistent with program goals.''.
       (j) Breastfeeding Promotion and Support Activities.--
       (1) In general.--Section 17(h)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(h)(3)) is amended--
       (A) in subparagraph (A)(i)(II), by striking ``$8,000,000,'' 
     and inserting ``the national minimum breastfeeding promotion 
     expenditure, as described in subparagraph (E),''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(E) The national minimum breastfeeding promotion 
     expenditure shall be--
       ``(i) with respect to fiscal year 1995, the amount that is 
     equal to $21 multiplied by the number of pregnant women and 
     breastfeeding women participating in the program, based on 
     the average number of pregnant women and breastfeeding women 
     during the last 3 months for which the Secretary has final 
     data; and
       ``(ii) with respect to each of fiscal years 1996 through 
     1998, the amount described in clause (i) adjusted for 
     inflation in accordance with paragraph (1)(B)(ii).''.
       (2) Implementation.--The Secretary of Agriculture may 
     permit a State agency a period of not more than 2 years after 
     the effective date of this subsection to comply with the 
     expenditure required by reason of the amendments made by 
     paragraph (1).
       (k) Development of Standards for the Collection of 
     Breastfeeding Data.--Section 17(h)(4) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(h)(4)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (C);
       (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (D) 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(E)(i) not later than 1 year after the effective date of 
     this subparagraph, develop uniform requirements for the 
     collection of data regarding the incidence and duration of 
     breastfeeding among participants in the program; and
       ``(ii) effective beginning on the date of the establishment 
     of the uniform requirements, require each State agency to 
     report the data for inclusion in the report to Congress 
     described in subsection (d)(4).''.
       (l) Submission of Information to Congress on Waivers With 
     Respect to Procurement of Infant Formula.--Section 
     17(h)(8)(D)(iii) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(h)(8)(D)(iii)) 
     is amended by striking ``at 6-month intervals'' and inserting 
     ``on a timely basis''.
       (m) Cost Containment.--
       (1) In general.--Section 17(h)(8)(G) (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(h)(8)(G)) is amended--
       (A) in clause (i)--
       (i) in the first sentence, by striking ``The'' and 
     inserting ``During each of fiscal years 1995 and 1996, the''; 
     and
       (ii) by striking the second sentence and inserting the 
     following new sentence: ``If an offer made under the 
     preceding sentence results in the implementation of contracts 
     by 2 or more State agencies, the Secretary shall also make 
     offers in accordance with the preceding sentence during each 
     of fiscal years 1997 and 1998.'';
       (B) in clause (viii), by inserting after the first sentence 
     the following new sentence: ``In conducting an offer under 
     this clause, the Secretary shall attempt to develop and use 
     procurement procedures that are likely to be broadly 
     acceptable among State agencies.''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(ix) If an offer made under clause (i) results in the 
     implementation of contracts by 2 or more State agencies, the 
     Secretary shall promptly offer to solicit bids on behalf of 
     State agencies regarding cost containment contracts to be 
     entered into by infant cereal or infant juice manufacturers, 
     or both, and State agencies. In carrying out this clause, the 
     Secretary shall, to the maximum extent feasible, follow the 
     procedures prescribed in this subparagraph regarding offers 
     made by the Secretary with regard to soliciting bids 
     regarding infant formula cost containment contracts. If the 
     offer of the Secretary to solicit bids regarding cost 
     containment contracts for infant cereal or infant juice, or 
     both, results in the implementation of contracts by 2 or more 
     State agencies, the Secretary shall renew the offer at 
     appropriate intervals.''.
       (2) Repeal of termination of authority.--Section 209 of the 
     WIC Infant Formula Procurement Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-
     512; 42 U.S.C. 1786 note) is repealed.
       (n) Prohibition on Interest Liability to Federal Government 
     on Rebate Funds.--Section 17(h)(8) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(h)(8)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subparagraph:
       ``(L) A State shall not incur an interest liability to the 
     Federal Government on rebate funds for infant formula and 
     other foods if all interest earned by the State on the funds 
     is used to carry out the program.''.
       (o) Use of Unspent Nutrition Services and Administration 
     Funds.--Section 17(h) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(h)) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(10)(A) For each of fiscal years 1995 through 1998, the 
     Secretary shall use, for the purposes specified in 
     subparagraph (B), the lesser of $10,000,000 or the amount of 
     unspent funds for nutrition services and administration from 
     the previous fiscal year.
       ``(B) Funds under subparagraph (A) shall be used for--
       ``(i) the development of infrastructure for the program 
     under this section, including management information systems;
       ``(ii) special State projects of regional or national 
     significance directed toward improving the services of the 
     program under this section; and
       ``(iii) special breastfeeding support and promotion 
     projects, including projects to assess the effectiveness of 
     particular breastfeeding promotion strategies and to develop 
     State or local agency capacity or facilities to provide 
     quality breastfeeding services.''.
       (p) Spendback Funds.--Section 17(i)(3) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1786(i)(3)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (A)(i), by inserting ``(except as 
     provided in subparagraph (H))'' after ``1 percent''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(H) The Secretary may authorize a State agency to expend 
     not more than 3 percent of the amount of funds allocated to a 
     State under this section for supplemental foods for a fiscal 
     year for expenses incurred under this section for 
     supplemental foods during the preceding fiscal year, if the 
     Secretary determines that there has been a significant 
     reduction in rebates provided to the State agency that would 
     affect the ability of the State agency to at least maintain 
     the level of participation by eligible participants served by 
     the State agency.''.
       (q) Elimination of Duplicative Migrant Reports.--Section 17 
     of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (d)(4), by inserting after ``Congress'' 
     the following: ``and the National Advisory Council on 
     Maternal, Infant, and Fetal Nutrition established under 
     subsection (k)''; and
       (2) by striking subsection (j).
       (r) Initiative To Provide Program Services at Community and 
     Migrant Health Centers.--Section 17 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786) (as amended by subsection (q)(2)) is further amended by 
     inserting after subsection (i) the following new subsection:
       ``(j)(1) The Secretary and the Secretary of Health and 
     Human Services (referred to in this subsection as the 
     `Secretaries') shall jointly establish and carry out an 
     initiative for the purpose of providing both supplemental 
     foods and nutrition education under the special supplemental 
     nutrition program and health care services to low-income 
     pregnant, postpartum, and breastfeeding women, infants, and 
     children at substantially more community health centers and 
     migrant health centers than are served on the date of 
     enactment of the Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act 
     of 1994.
       ``(2) The initiative shall also include--
       ``(A) activities to improve the coordination of the 
     provision of supplemental foods and nutrition education under 
     the special supplemental nutrition program and health care 
     services at facilities funded by the Indian Health Service; 
     and
       ``(B) the development and implementation of strategies to 
     ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, new community 
     health centers, migrant health centers, and other federally 
     supported health care facilities established in medically 
     underserved areas provide supplemental foods and nutrition 
     education under the special supplemental nutrition program.
       ``(3) The initiative may include--
       ``(A) outreach and technical assistance for State and local 
     agencies and the health centers referred to in subparagraphs 
     (A) and (B) of paragraph (2);
       ``(B) demonstration projects in selected States or local 
     areas; and
       ``(C) such other activities as the Secretaries consider 
     appropriate.
       ``(4) As used in this subsection:
       ``(A) The term `community health center' has the meaning 
     provided in section 330(a) of the Public Health Service Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 254c(a)).
       ``(B) The term `migrant health center' has the meaning 
     provided in section 329(a)(1) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     254b(a)(1)).''.
       (s) Farmers' Market Nutrition Program.--
       (1) Matching requirement for indian state agencies.--
     Section 17(m)(3) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(3)) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: 
     ``The Secretary may negotiate with an Indian State agency a 
     lower percentage of matching funds than is required under the 
     preceding sentence, but not lower than 10 percent of the 
     total cost of the program, if the Indian State agency 
     demonstrates to the Secretary financial hardship for the 
     affected Indian tribe, band, group, or council.''.
       (2) Expansion.--Section 17(m)(5)(F) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1786(m)(5)(F)) is amended--
       (A) in clause (i), by striking ``15 percent'' and inserting 
     ``17 percent''; and
       (B) by striking clause (ii) and inserting the following new 
     clause:
       ``(ii) During any fiscal year for which a State receives 
     assistance under this subsection, the Secretary shall permit 
     the State to use up to 1 percent of total program funds for 
     market development or technical assistance to farmers' 
     markets if the Secretary determines that the State intends to 
     promote the development of farmers' markets in socially or 
     economically disadvantaged areas, or remote rural areas, 
     where individuals eligible for participation in the program 
     have limited access to locally grown fruits and 
     vegetables.''.
       (3) Notification of award of funds.--Section 17(m)(6)(A) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(6)(A)) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following new sentence: ``The Secretary shall 
     inform each State of the award of funds as prescribed by 
     subparagraph (G) by February 15 of each year.''.
       (4) Minimum amount of grants.--Section 17(m)(6)(B)(ii) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(6)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking 
     ``$50,000'' each place it appears and inserting ``$75,000''.
       (5) State plan submission date.--Section 17(m)(6)(D)(i) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(6)(D)(i)) is amended by striking 
     ``at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may 
     reasonably require'' and inserting ``by November 15 of each 
     year''.
       (6) Maintenance of effort.--Section 17(m)(6)(F)(iii) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(6)(F)(iii)) is amended by 
     striking ``reduce in any fiscal year'' and inserting 
     ``reduce, in the first full fiscal year of the Federal 
     grant,''.
       (7) Allocation of additional funds.--Section 17(m)(6)(G) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(6)(G)) is amended--
       (A) in the first sentence of clause (i), by striking ``45 
     to 55 percent'' and inserting ``60 percent''; and
       (B) in the first sentence of clause (ii), by striking ``45 
     to 55 percent'' and inserting ``40 percent''.
       (8) Data collection requirements.--Section 17(m)(8) of such 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(8)) is amended by striking 
     subparagraphs (D) and (E) and inserting the following new 
     subparagraphs:
       ``(D) if available, information on the change in 
     consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables by recipients;
       ``(E) if available, information on the effects of the 
     program on farmers' markets; and''.
       (9) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 17(m)(10)(A) 
     of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(10)(A)) is amended by striking 
     ``and $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1994'' and inserting 
     ``$8,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, $10,500,000 for fiscal 
     year 1995, $12,500,000 for fiscal year 1996, $15,000,000 for 
     fiscal year 1997, and $18,000,000 for fiscal year 1998''.
       (10) Elimination of reallocation of unexpended funds of 
     demonstration projects.--Section 17(m)(10)(B)(ii) of such Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(10)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking the 
     second sentence.
       (11) Definition of state agency.--Section 17(m)(11)(D) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(m)(11)(D)) is amended by inserting 
     before the period at the end the following: ``or any other 
     agency approved by the chief executive officer of the 
     State''.
       (12) Promotion by the secretary.--The Secretary of 
     Agriculture shall promote the use of farmers' markets by 
     recipients of Federal nutrition programs administered by the 
     Secretary.
       (t) Change in Name of Program.--
       (1) In general.--Section 17 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786) is 
     amended--
       (A) by striking the section heading and inserting the 
     following new section heading:


   ``special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and 
                              children'';

       (B) in the first sentence of subsection (c)(1), by striking 
     ``special supplemental food program'' and inserting ``special 
     supplemental nutrition program'';
       (C) in the second sentence of subsection (k)(1), by 
     striking ``special supplemental food program'' each place it 
     appears and inserting ``special supplemental nutrition 
     program''; and
       (D) in subsection (o)(1)(B), by striking ``special 
     supplemental food program'' and inserting ``special 
     supplemental nutrition program''.
       (2) Conforming amendments.--
       (A) The second sentence of section 9(c) of the Food Stamp 
     Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2018(c)) is amended by striking 
     ``special supplemental food program'' and inserting ``special 
     supplemental nutrition program''.
       (B) Section 685(b)(8) of the Individuals with Disabilities 
     Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1484a(b)(8)) is amended by striking 
     ``Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and 
     Children'' and inserting ``special supplemental nutrition 
     program for women, infants, and children''.
       (C) Section 3803(c)(2)(C)(x) of title 31, United States 
     Code, is amended by striking ``special supplemental food 
     program'' and inserting ``special supplemental nutrition 
     program''.
       (D) Section 399(b)(6) of the Public Health Service Act (42 
     U.S.C. 280c-6(b)(6)) is amended by striking ``special 
     supplemental food program'' and inserting ``special 
     supplemental nutrition program''.
       (E) Paragraphs (11)(C) and (53)(A) of section 1902(a) of 
     the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)) are each amended 
     by striking ``special supplemental food program'' and 
     inserting ``special supplemental nutrition program''.
       (F) Section 202(b) of the WIC Infant Formula Procurement 
     Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-512; 42 U.S.C. 1786 note) is 
     amended by striking ``special supplemental food program'' and 
     inserting ``special supplemental nutrition program''.
       (3) References.--Any reference to the special supplemental 
     food program established under section 17 of the Child 
     Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786) in any law, 
     regulation, document, record, or other paper of the United 
     States shall be considered to be a reference to the special 
     supplemental nutrition program established under such 
     section.

     SEC. 205. NUTRITION EDUCATION AND TRAINING PROGRAM.

       (a) Name of Program.--Section 19 of the Child Nutrition Act 
     of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1788) is amended by striking ``information 
     and education'' each place it appears in subsections (b), 
     (c), (d)(1), and (j)(1) and inserting ``education and 
     training''.
       (b) Nutrition Education Programs.--The second sentence of 
     section 19(c) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1788(c)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``school food 
     service'' and inserting ``child nutrition program'';
       (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (C); and
       (3) by inserting before the period at the end the 
     following: ``; and (E) providing information to parents and 
     caregivers regarding the nutritional value of food and the 
     relationship between food and health''.
       (c) Nutrition Education and Training.--Section 19(d) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1788(d)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1)(C), by inserting before the period at 
     the end the following: ``, and the provision of nutrition 
     education to parents and caregivers'';
       (2) in the first sentence of paragraph (4), by striking 
     ``educational and school food service personnel'' and 
     inserting ``educational, school food service, child care, and 
     summer food service personnel''; and
       (3) in the first sentence of paragraph (5), by inserting 
     after ``schools'' the following: ``, and in child care 
     institutions and summer food service institutions,''.
       (d) Use of Funds.--Section 19(f) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1788(f)) is amended--
       (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following 
     new paragraph:
       ``(1) The funds made available under this section may, 
     under guidelines established by the Secretary, be used by a 
     State educational agency for--
       ``(A) employing a nutrition education specialist to 
     coordinate the program, including travel and related 
     personnel costs;
       ``(B) undertaking an assessment of the nutrition education 
     needs of the State;
       ``(C) developing and carrying out a State plan of operation 
     and management for nutrition education;
       ``(D) coordinating and promoting nutrition education and 
     training activities in local school districts (incorporating, 
     to the maximum extent practicable, as a learning laboratory, 
     the child nutrition programs);
       ``(E) contracting with public and private nonprofit 
     educational institutions for the conduct of nutrition 
     education instruction and programs relating to the purpose of 
     this section;
       ``(F) providing funding for a nutrition component in the 
     health education curriculum offered to children in 
     kindergarten through grade 12;
       ``(G) instructing teachers, school administrators, or other 
     school staff on how to promote better nutritional health and 
     to motivate children to practice sound eating habits;
       ``(H) developing means of providing nutrition education to 
     children, and families of children, through after-school 
     programs;
       ``(I) creating instructional programming for teachers, food 
     service personnel, and parents on the relationships between 
     nutrition and health and the role of the Food Guide Pyramid 
     established by the Secretary;
       ``(J) encouraging public service advertisements to promote 
     healthy eating habits for children; and
       ``(K) achieving related nutrition education purposes, 
     including the preparation, testing, distribution, and 
     evaluation of visual aids and other informational and 
     educational materials.''; and
       (2) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following 
     new paragraph:
       ``(3) A State agency may use an amount equal to not more 
     than 15 percent of the funds made available through a grant 
     under this section for expenditures for overall 
     administrative and supervisory or program purposes in 
     connection with the program authorized under this section if 
     the State makes available at least an equal amount for the 
     expenditures.''.
       (e) State Coordinators for Nutrition; State Plan.--Section 
     19(h) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1788(h)) is amended--
       (1) in the first sentence of paragraph (2), by inserting 
     ``and training'' after ``education''; and
       (2) in the third sentence of paragraph (3)--
       (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (D); and
       (B) by inserting before the period at the end the 
     following: ``; and (F) a comprehensive plan for providing 
     nutrition education during the first fiscal year beginning 
     after the submission of the plan and the succeeding 4 fiscal 
     years''.
       (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 19(i)(2)(A) 
     of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1788(i)(2)(A)) is amended by striking 
     ``nutrition education and information programs'' and all that 
     follows through the period at the end and inserting 
     ``nutrition education and training programs $10,000,000 for 
     fiscal year 1995 and each subsequent fiscal year.''.
       (g) Availability of Funds.--Section 19(i) of such Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1788(i)) is amended--
       (1) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
       (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
     paragraph:
       ``(3) Funds made available to any State under this section 
     shall remain available to the State for obligation in the 
     fiscal year succeeding the fiscal year in which the funds 
     were received by the State.''.
                       TITLE III--EFFECTIVE DATES

     SEC. 301. EFFECTIVE DATES.

       Except as otherwise provided in this Act, this Act and the 
     amendments made by this Act shall become effective on October 
     1, 1994.

  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, the Better Nutrition and Health for 
Children Act, represents a new direction in child nutrition programs.
  The programs addressed in the bill can make a big difference in the 
nutritional health of children. They can save medical costs years down 
the road, and help create an educated and productive American work 
force for the 21st century.
  We must start with our children in preventing hunger and improving 
the health of our Nation. This bill does both.
  This legislation has already let the way for major improvements in 
the school lunch program.
  Last year, the school lunch program served 25 million children each 
school day. For some children, school lunches are the main meal of the 
day. The bill helps schools by requiring USDA to improve the quality of 
commodities donated to schools, and to label those commodities 
regarding their nutritional content.
  I am pleased the Department of Agriculture has proposed major 
improvements in the school lunch and breakfast programs. These new 
proposals of Secretary Espy and Assistant Secretary Ellen Haas will 
result in more nutritious school meals. They, and the staff at USDA, 
have done an outstanding job in promoting the health of children. 
Parents want schools to provide improved and healthier lunches to their 
children. The USDA proposal is a very significant step in that 
direction.
  USDA is taking action in part because of the results of a Department 
study which found that lunches contain an average of 38 percent of 
calories from fat and 15 percent from saturated fat. The government's 
dietary guidelines recommend intakes of only 30 percent and 10 percent 
respectively.
  The proposed rules are designed to help schools meet these dietary 
guidelines. And this bill works hand-in-hand with those proposal to 
improve the nutritional health of America's children.
  I am pleased that the committee reported this bill without any 
objection. This bill continues our bipartisan tradition of support for 
child nutrition programs.
  I also want to highlight one new provision included in the managers' 
amendment to the bill. A number of companies have been ripping off the 
school lunch program by selling mislabeled or contaminated juice to 
schools.
  One company sold more than $100 million worth of orange juice 
adulterated with beet sugar to consumers and the school lunch program. 
In another case, prosecutors allege that a company added unknown 
preservatives to orange juice. The preservatives were found in 
containers with the warning in German that they held ``dangerous goods 
of the highest classification.''

  I want to commend the Office of Consumer Litigation of the Department 
of Justice, as well as the various U.S. attorney's offices, which have 
aggressively investigated and prosecuted incidents of illegally 
adulterated juice sold to child nutrition programs. Yet while the 
Department of Defense has debarred some of these companies from selling 
juice to the military, the Department of Agriculture has not done the 
same.
  This bill provides tough penalties for companies who defraud the 
school lunch program. It will debar dairies who price-fix; it will 
debar juice companies who contaminate their products for a profit; it 
will debar any company convicted of breaking the law and cheating our 
schools.
  Companies convicted of fraud against child nutrition programs can no 
longer get away with a slap on the wrist--this bill will prevent those 
companies from continuing to make profits at the expense of school 
children.
  The Managers' amendment also corrects a problem relating to 
inspection of juice used in schools. School lunch contracts for juice 
purchased by USDA currently require in-plant, on-line inspection 90 
days prior to shipment. But schools which purchase their juice 
independently of USDA do not have the same inspection assurance.
  Concerns have been raised by some about possible adverse economic 
effects that this provision may have on some legitimate suppliers of 
fruit juice to school meal programs. Those concerns will be carefully 
assessed during the conference committee deliberations with the House.
  The goal of this provision is to ensure that we have the highest 
level of confidence in the quality of juice served to America's school 
children, while preserving an adequate variety of purchasing options 
for schools.
  In implementing this provision, USDA should inform schools that pure 
juice products purchased for the school lunch or breakfast programs 
must be inspected by the Agricultural Marketing Service. This notice 
will help schools to know that the juice they are serving their 
children have met rigorous AMS standards for quality.
  The bill includes a number of other improvements. It makes permanent 
the homeless preschool nutrition program, the Nutrition Education and 
Training program, and the Food Service Management Institute. It nearly 
triples the minimum requirements for breastfeeding promotion activities 
in WIC. And it strengthens the authority of the Secretary to debar 
companies that defraud child nutrition programs.
  I must commend the ranking Republican on the committee, Senator 
Lugar, for his dedication to these programs and his helpful advice. He 
has earned the respect of every member of the committee for his 
continued, earnest support of nutrition programs.
  Senator Harkin held two informative and very productive hearings on 
the bill and has been a leader in terms of the health of America's 
children. He has worked to promote better nutrition through the school 
lunch and breakfast programs.
  The ranking member on the nutrition subcommittee, Senator McConnell, 
has again distinguished himself for his thorough understanding and 
support of these programs.
  And, as has been the case for many years, the Republican leader is a 
``nutrition leader'' as well. Senator Dole has worked with me over the 
years--under several Presidents--to enhance the health and well-being 
of America's children.
  This year I was pleased that every member of the committee helped 
craft the bill and shape its final form. Staff worked diligently 
together to present ideas to us for our consideration.
  As always, my chief nutrition staff person, Ed Barron, has been of 
great assistance to me and other members of the committee. As deputy 
chief counsel to the committee, Ed has done an outstanding job working 
with me over the last 7 years.

  His two boys, James and Stephen, will both be in school this 
September. They will be able to benefit from healthier school lunches, 
along with 25 million other school children, as provisions of this bill 
are implemented.
  Doug O'Brien has also done an outstanding job working on these issues 
and has worked many long hours on behalf of low-income Americans. I am 
proud of his work for the committee and the professionalism which he 
has brought to these issues.
  Amy Brown played a leading role in orchestrating a successful outcome 
to this legislative effort. She led staff negotiations and ensured that 
numerous important improvements to the Special Supplemental Nutrition 
Program for Women, Infants and Children [WIC] and other child nutrition 
programs are a part of the bill before us today.
  Amy joined my staff last year as a Javits Fellow, and I am pleased 
that she is now a permanent member of my staff. Through all the complex 
issues and technical matters, Amy always keeps her focus on what really 
counts--improving the lives of low-income children and families. She 
has become a major committee resource in the fight against hunger.
  Alicia Bambara, press secretary of the committee, has worked 
tirelessly many nights and weekends to ensure that the pilot project 
for the prevention of boarder babies will become a reality. Alicia 
knows first hand the crisis of abandoned infants through her volunteer 
work with the Junior League of Washington, and she made an invaluable 
contribution in designing and shaping this program. Alicia's dedication 
has helped create what promises to be a model Federal program.
  Many other staff were very helpful in this process and I will only 
single out a few. Stacy Hoffhaus, who formerly handled nutrition issues 
for Senator Dole, is now very ably and expertly doing the same for 
Senator Lugar. Her addition to committee staff will continue the 
tradition of outstanding staffing on nutrition matters.
  Stacy deserves to be recognized for her early efforts while with 
Senator Dole in developing the concept of a program to assist schools 
in meeting the medical and special dietary needs of children with 
disabilities. Under the direction of the Republican leader, Stacy held 
meetings, convinced staff, and gathered information that was ultimately 
used in the formulation of section 123 of this bill. Stacy can be very 
proud of this achievement.
  Dave Johnson, minority counsel to the committee, is also an expert on 
nutrition programs. Having him back with the committee is a major boost 
to the staff resources of the committee.
  Mark Halverson, who is with Senator Harkin, has distinguished himself 
over the last several years and plays a significant role on nutrition 
issues. He has been very helpful to my staff on these matters.
  Patti Fine has greatly assisted Senator McConnell and this committee 
over the last several years. She provides thoughtful input and good 
counsel and has ably promoted the child care food program interests.
  Vicky Urcuyo, who is on a detail with Senator Dole, was also a great 
help in this effort. Her knowledge of these programs, from her years at 
USDA, helped ensure that many provisions of the bill were effectively 
targeted.
  Many other staff made major contributions of ideas and effort in this 
process including: Brian Cavey, with Senator Baucus; Morris Goff, with 
Senator Boren; Hunt Shipman, with Senator Cochran; Scott Carlson, with 
Senator Conrad; Tom Dayley, with Senator Craig; Ace Gallagher, with 
Senator Daschle; Jeannine Kenney, with Senator Feingold; Shannon Royce, 
with Senator Grassley; Chuck Penry, with Senator Heflin; Nancy Hammer, 
with Senator Kerrey; and Theresa Sachs, with Senator Pryor.
  I want to make special mention of a dedicated staff member of the 
House Committee on Education and Labor. Margaret Kajeckas is leaving 
the House to attend Columbia University in a program leading to a 
masters in public administration.
  Margaret has done an outstanding job for the committee and is a 
credit to the other body. She has been a major force in helping the 
Congress to improve child nutrition programs throughout the United 
States.
  As always, the fine work of Senate Legislative Counsel needs to be 
recognized. Gary Endicott, Liz Aldridge and Janine Johnson are 
important assets to the Senate and make the legislative process work 
smoothly. Senate legislative counsel staff have always been willing to 
work 24 hours a day to get the job done correctly and on time. I intend 
to have them live up to this praise during the farm bill next year.

  Complex budget rules and procedures now play a critical role in the 
process of enacting legislation. Special credit needs to be paid to 
Joan Huffer with the Senate Budget Committee who made a lot of this 
bill possible with helpful advice and assistance.
  The counsel to the Congressional Budget Office, Gail Del Balzo, has 
provided my staff with important advice over the years about budget 
rules and procedural requirements. Julie Isaacs and Cory Oltman with 
CBO deserve special credit for the time they spent figuring out what 
each provision of this bill will cost over the next 5 years. They often 
had to analyze new ideas under intense time pressure.
  Jean Jones and Joe Richardson of the Congressional Research Service 
are instant sources of information and maintain the longer term 
institutional memory regarding nutrition programs. Their help is always 
greatly appreciated.
  Chris Sarcone and Bob Sturm were once again pressed into special duty 
to keep track of all the details that need to get done, and to complete 
the longest part of the report--the Cordon rule section. I want to 
thank them for staying late and getting the job done.
  In addition, the fine support staff of this committee should be 
recognized. Mary Kinzer has a special interest in these nutrition 
programs and did a fine job helping out.
  Diane Coates, who formerly worked for me up in Vermont, is now 
working with me in Washington. She did a great job helping out on the 
background and committee consideration sections of the report. Our 
summer interns, Charles Finn, Leesa Klepper, and Jonathan Lamy were 
also a great help.
  I am proud of the Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act. As I 
mentioned when I introduced this bill I received letters of support 
from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Heart 
Association, the American Cancer Society, the Children's Defense Fund, 
Public Voice for Food and Health Policy, the Center for Science in the 
Public Interest, the Food Research and Action Center, the American 
School Food Service Association, and many other groups.
  A fundamental basis of this bill is that there is a crucial link 
between good nutrition and good health--good nutrition is an extremely 
cost-effective way to reduce health care costs and improve the lives of 
Americans. Dr. Joseph Hagan, President of the Vermont Chapter of the 
American Academy of Pediatrics, testified at a committee hearing that 
healthy eating habits are vital to the growth and development of 
children. The important of this concept is evident throughout the bill.
  Title I of the Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act, as 
introduced, was intended to guarantee full funding for the WIC program. 
That language has now been included in key Senate and House health care 
bills.
  Many Members of this body, and the other body, have worked toward 
full funding of WIC for years. Senator Bumpers, as chairman of the 
Appropriations subcommittee with jurisdiction, has worked hard to 
increase funding. Many other Members have as well, including the 
majority leader of the Senate--Senator George Mitchell.
  I want to especially thank Senator Mitchell for including full 
funding for WIC in his health care bill. And I want to single out one 
member of his staff--Lisa Nolan--for all of her help. Lisa is a 
tremendous resource and very ably represents the majority leader.
  In addition to the nutrition and health benefits WIC brings to 
participants, full funding of WIC results in significant savings in 
other Federal programs. A 1992 General Accounting Office report showed 
that WIC reduces the incidence of very low birth weight by 44 percent. 
GAO calculated that the Government investment in pregnant women through 
WIC would pay for itself within a year--and would avert $1 billion in 
medical and other expenses in the next 18 years.
  I will continue to press for inclusion of full funding for WIC in any 
health care bill that passes the Congress. Many groups have been 
supportive of guaranteeing full funding for WIC and I appreciate their 
efforts. Bread for the World has been in the forefront in this effort. 
Their president, David Beckmann, and their congressional liaison, 
Barbara Howell, have provided continuous support. The National 
Association of WIC Directors has also been a leader in this fight.
  Dr. Richard Narkewicz of Vermont, who is a former president of the 
American Academy of Pediatrics, has worked with me over the years on 
this fight to fully fund WIC. He is a champion on this issue.
  Bob Greenstein and Ellen Nissenbaum of the Center on Budget and 
Policy Priorities has been very helpful in providing advice and good 
counsel to me and other Members of Congress.
  I want to especially thank Dr. Carl Sagan and Dr. T. Berry Brazelton 
for the input they provided at a hearing on this bill. Dr. Sagan, 
director of the Laboratory for Planetary Studies at Cornell University 
and 1994 recipient of the Public Welfare Medal, made a powerful case 
for full funding for WIC. He also discussed the important link between 
undernutrition and cognitive impairment.
  Dr. Brazelton, a pediatrician at Children's Hospital in Boston, 
professor emeritus at Harvard Medical School and noted expert on early 
childhood development, offered further evidence that undernutrition 
severely affects children's development and activity. He stressed the 
importance of WIC and school feeding programs.
  A major purpose of the bill is to encourage good nutrition for 
children from the beginning of their lives by encouraging breastfeeding 
among mothers enrolled in WIC. It follows from the recommendation of 
the Department of Health and Human Services in its Healthy Children 
2000 National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.
  The health benefits of breastfeeding have been fully documented and 
include the immunological effects of breastmilk which cannot be 
duplicated in formula. Breastfeeding rates are especially low among 
low-income mothers.
  This bill improves breastfeeding promotion and support in WIC by 
setting aside funding based on a formula of $21 per pregnant and 
breastfeeding woman, adjusted for inflation. States are allowed up to 2 
years to adjust breastfeeding promotion expenditures to comply with the 
new formula.
  Minda Lazarov, a research associate for Nurture, Center to Prevent 
Childhood Nutrition, championed the funding formula which the committee 
adopted. Her search and compelling advocacy have been major reasons for 
the increase in Federal support for breastfeeding efforts through WIC. 
Dr. Sandra Huffman, President of Nurture, has worked to prevent 
childhood malnutrition in other countries as well as this country and I 
commended her for the excellent job she has done.
  I also want to thank Stefan Harvey and Janice Steinschneider, at the 
Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, for their analysis and advice 
regarding improvements in breastfeeding promotion and other areas of 
the WIC program.

  The bill begins to track breastfeeding in WIC by adding breastfeeding 
rates and expenditures to the list of items to be included in biennial 
reports from the States to the Secretary. Such statistical data is 
essential in evaluating both the cost and success of the WIC 
breastfeeding promotion program.
  The bill also continues the WIC Infant Formula Cost Containment 
Program originally begun in 1987 and expanded in 1989. According to 
USDA, that program now saves over $950 million per year and puts 1.5 
million eligible women, infants and children onto WIC at no additional 
cost to taxpayers.
  The bill promotes consumption of fresh produce among low-income 
individuals and families while helping farmers' markets. Over 400,000 
people participate in the highly successful WIC Farmers' Market 
Nutrition Program in 11 States. Fruits, vegetables and other farm 
products provide a healthy supplement to the dairy products, juices and 
fortified cereals included in the WIC package.
  The success of the WIC Farmers' Market Program gives evidence that 
introduction of more low-income individuals and families to fresh 
fruits and vegetables can have a positive effect on nutrition and 
eating habits.
  The National Association of Farmers' Market Nutrition Programs has 
become a potent force in assisting farmers' markets. I appreciate their 
detailed input. Mary Carlson of the Vermont Office of Economic 
Opportunity is an officer with that association and has provided me 
with very helpful information and good advice. I am very pleased that 
the association's next major meeting will be in Burlington, VT.
  Dan Cooper of Iowa and Jim Stephenson of Pennsylvania have also 
played a key role in suggesting improvements to that program. Both Dan 
and Jim are leaders in promoting and expanding farmers' market 
programs.
  The bill authorizes increases in funding for the WIC Farmers' Market 
Program to $10.5 million in 1995 and $18 million by 1998. This will 
allow States to remain in the program and encourage others to join.
  Another focus of the Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act is 
to ensure that more children from low-income families have the 
opportunity to eat a nutritious breakfast. Children who start the day 
hungry jeopardize not only their health, but also their ability to 
learn.
  Jo Busha, director of child nutrition for Vermont, testified at one 
of the nutrition hearings that the school breakfast startup grant 
program played a ``major rule'' in the expansion of the breakfast 
program in Vermont. I was pleased to have included that program in the 
last reauthorization bill in 1989. Jo has played a major role in 
helping additional Vermont schools take advantage of this Federal 
program.
  A few provisions of the bill as introduced are no longer necessary 
because USDA has already acted on them. For example, the bill as 
introduced sought to improve nutrition in school breakfasts and lunches 
by permitting schools to offer low-fat yogurt as an alternative for 
eggs, meat, peanut butter, or other meat alternatives. Low-fat yogurt 
is a good source of vitamins, mineral's and protein, and has become 
increasingly popular with children.
  Since the introduction of S. 1614, the Department has proposed 
regulations which will replace the current food-group-based meal 
patterns and make meals eligible for reimbursement based on their 
nutrient content. I am pleased that such a change would make yogurt an 
allowable food as part of a school breakfast or lunch.
  The National School Lunch Program provides lunch to 25 million 
children each day, with over half the lunches served to low-income 
children. That represents an opportunity to make a lasting difference 
in the nutrition and health of children.
  As always, the help and counsel of the American School Food Service 
Association is greatly appreciated. Dorothy Caldwell has done a great 
job as President of that association. Over the years, Kevin Dando has 
proven to be a great asset to ASFSA.
  I relied on ASFSA input throughout the process and look forward to 
working with them and their local counsel, Marshall Matz, during the 
conference with the other body. I also want to note that the testimony 
of Marilyn Hurt, legislative chair of the ASFSA, was extremely helpful. 
I want to congratulate the new president of ASFSA, Vivian Pilant. She 
has done a great job as director of child nutrition programs in South 
Carolina since 1979, and I look forward to working with her.
  I want to thank the New York City Coalition Against Hunger and 
their Executive Director, Judith Walker, for their role in the child 
nutrition reauthorization. The soup kitchens and food pantries which 
make up NYCCAH know firsthand the reality of hunger among America's 
children. I welcome their continued input as we consider food stamp 
reauthorization in 1995.

  The Community Food Resource Center was also very helpful in this 
reauthorization process. CFRC has run a successful universal meal 
program in New York City, and gave the committee valuable advice for 
improving universal feeding options.
  While lack of funding precluded a greater effort, I am pleased that 
the bill authorizes the appropriation of funds to purchase organically 
produced agricultural products, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, 
meats, poultry, and dairy products. As interest in organic food grows 
nationwide, many schools have expressed an interest in offering these 
items.
  The bill requires USDA to provide schools, on request, with 
information on where to obtain organic products. To the extent schools 
do consider buying organic, they should look to their local organic 
growers first. This has the dual advantage of promoting local 
businesses and reducing transit costs and spoilage. In providing 
schools with information about organic suppliers USDA should make 
certain to provide schools with the names of local suppliers if they 
are available.
  To help schools meet the new higher nutritional standards, the bill 
instructs the Secretary to improve the nutritional quality of 
entitlement commodities provided to schools. It also requires that 
nutritional information be provided to schools regarding such 
commodities. This will help school food service personnel in preparing 
nutritious meals which include commodities.
  The bill increases school choice by eliminating the current 
requirement that schools offer whole milk for school lunch programs. 
This is based on a bill introduced by Senator Lugar and allows schools 
to choose what types of milk to offer children. Under current law 
schools must offer both whole milk and low-fat milk. Many schools would 
prefer to decide that issue themselves.
  I want to especially thank one person for the courage she displayed 
in testifying before the committee. Carol A. Meiki is a food service 
supervisor for the Chicago Public Schools. Ms. Meiki's testimony was 
very helpful regarding the competitive foods section of this bill.
  The bill also educates parents concerning the importance of nutrition 
for good health by funding parent-student education programs and 
programs to encourage parents to visit the school lunch program with 
their children. Educating parents will help them reinforce at home the 
nutrition lessons children learn at school.
  The bill makes improvements in the summer food service program. The 
goal is to encourage the creation of more summer food service programs 
so that more low-income children who get school lunch and breakfast can 
receive meals in the summertime too.
  Summer food service participation is very low compared to 
participation in the school lunch program. Nationwide only 15 percent 
of the targeted population is being reached by this program. Barriers 
to participation include initial startup costs and the cost of 
transporting children to summer food sites in very rural areas.
  The bill provides funding for grants to help States defray the costs 
of setting up additional summer food service program sites. Similar 
start-up grants have been highly successful in promoting expansion of 
the school breakfast program.
  I am disappointed that we had to drop a provision providing a higher 
reimbursement rate for rural areas for the summer food service program. 
Julie Cadwallader Staub of Vermont convinced me of the merits of that 
approach but a lack of funds precluded including it in the final bill.
  Mike Haga of the Food Research and Action Center was helpful in 
suggesting various proposals to improve the summer food service 
program. As the committee report on this bill notes, FRAC staff were 
extremely helpful in designing many aspects of the bill. Rob Fersh, ED 
Cooney, Michelle Tingling-Clemens, Lynn Parker, and Ellen Teller all 
deserve a lot of credit for their efforts.
  The bill reauthorizes two State pilot projects for the child and 
adult care food program by allowing for-profit centers to be eligible 
if 25 percent or more of the children they serve meet the guidelines 
for free or reduced price school meals. Those two programs are working 
very well and should continue to be funded by the Congress.
  The bill addresses the situation on preschool age children living in 
homeless shelters. GAO reports that 25,000 children under age 6 live 
in homeless shelters. These children are at nutritional risk and often 
go hungry while their older brothers eat in school. The homeless 
preschool nutrition program feeds them meals that USDA reports are 
``more balanced, more nutritious, and more frequently included fresh 
fruit, milk, vegetables and full-strength juices'' than they would 
otherwise receive.

  This bill expand the homeless preschool nutrition program and 
provides a stable source of guaranteed funding. The program, which 
began as a demonstration project, is currently funded from ``leftover'' 
administrative expense funds not used by states.
  I want to commend His Eminence, Cardinal Anthony J. Bevilaqua, 
Archbishop of Philadelphia, for his foresight, his leadership and his 
support of this program. His Eminence testified at a hearing that 
``when one homeless child goes hungry, we are all starved.'' Patrick 
Temple-West, of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia, has done a tremendous 
job administering the projects in Philadelphia which benefit homeless 
children.
  At a hearing I held on this bill, Cardinal Bevilaqua spoke of the 
importance of the homeless preschool nutrition program in providing 
children with adequate and nutritious meals. Cardinal Bevilaqua noted 
that at present only 10 percent of the 25,000 children under the age of 
6 who are in shelters are reached by the program.
  I am pleased that the city of New York may soon use this program at 
five homeless shelters in the city. Ms. Barbara Johnson who is director 
of their Family Emergency Assistance Program is working to expand the 
program to sites in addition to the Jamaica Assessment Center. This 
will increase the nutritional quality of means served by those shelters 
and provide New York City with much-needed local cost savings. A member 
of my staff recently visited the Jamaica site on a Saturday with very 
little advance notice and was impressed with how well the program 
operated.
  While it may seem in obvious point research clearly shows that 
homeless preschool children are at great nutritional risk. A study by 
Martha Taylor and Sally Koblinsky, ``Food Consumption and Eating 
Behavior of Homeless Preschool Children,'' show that the diets of these 
children is ``very low in dairy products and fruits and vegetables, and 
low in grains when compared with USDA recommendations for an adequate 
diet.'' Minerals and vitamins provided by these food groups are 
critical to children's growth, development and ability to learn. The 
study also found that ``a third of the sample of homeless preschoolers 
went to bed hungry several times a month.''
  The bill also establishes a pilot project for the prevention of 
boarder babies. A boarder baby is a baby that remains in the hospital 
even after he or she is medically able to leave. The baby may be 
abandoned, or the mother may simply have no home where she can take the 
infant. Under the pilot, grants totalling up to $400,000 a year in 1995 
through 1998 will be made to shelters for homeless pregnant women, 
infants, and the mothers or guardians of those infants. The grants will 
provide for coordination with the WIC program, as well as additional 
food and nutrition services.
  The idea for the pilot project came from a program called the ``The 
Sunshine Project,'' in Washington, DC. The Junior League of Washington 
and the Temporary Emergency Residential Resource Institute for Families 
in Crisis [TERRIFIC] joined with D.C. General Hospital to form the 
program in an effort to provide comprehensive assistance to keep babies 
with their mothers. I hope that Federal funding will enable them and 
others to provide expanded food and nutrition services to pregnant 
women, infants, and homeless mothers, and guardians. I want to commend 
the Junior League, TERRIFIC and D.C. General Hospital for establishing 
this important program. I also want to single out Ms. Caroline 
Stinebower, chairwoman of the Maternal-Child Health Project at D.C. 
General Hospital, and Dr. Shirley Grant, chief of ambulatory care at 
Johns Hopkins University Hospital and a board member of the Washington 
Junior League, who spoke eloquently about the need for such programs 
before the committee. Dr. Grant noted that the total annual cost of 
caring for these babies in hospitals is close to $300 million.
  I also want to thank Ms. Angela Holland, a former WIC participant who 
also participated in the D.C. General program. Ms. Holland was able to 
successfully turn her life around and offers a true model for the 
effect these programs can have. Her strength and courage are 
impressive.
  The Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act also aims to improve 
understanding of proper nutrition among children and to educate parents 
and school staff about child nutrition. The bill provides grants to 
state educational agencies and local schools through the nutrition 
education and training (NET) program.
  Child nutrition programs should not only provide nutritious meals to 
kids when they are in school, but should also teach them about good 
nutrition. Nutrition education will assist them in making positive 
choices about what they eat both in and out of school so they will grow 
into healthy adults.

  The bill also looks ahead to the future of nutrition education. It 
provides for competitive grants of between $100,000 and $300,000 per 
year through 1998 in three States to nonprofit educational 
organizations to create and demonstrate food and nutrition based 
projects which are fully integrated with elementary school curricula. 
These demonstrations can provide models for teaching nutrition 
education in the future.
  The first such program that should be funded by USDA is the FoodWorks 
``Common Roots'' Program in Vermont so effectively run by Joseph 
Keifer. Joseph has earned the extensive praise he has received from 
Vermont teachers, parents and students. His program fits in perfectly 
with the new nutrition initiatives of USDA.
  I expect in addition that some of the funds provided to the Secretary 
for nutrition and education would go to other excellent projects around 
the Nation that teach young children about farming, farming techniques, 
harvesting, and marketing.
  Right in Washington's backyard there is a great community farm and 
nutrition project called ``From the Ground Up.'' It is a partnership 
between the Chesapeake Bay Foundation and the Capital Area Food Bank.
  The project brings homeless families, low-income children and 
families to Upper Marlboro, MD, to farm 10 acres of land owned by the 
Bay Foundation. The food they grow is channeled to five community farm 
stands in low-income neighborhoods and sold at very low prices. 
Educational instruction is provided on the farm on a variety of topics 
including how to cook and handle farm products and how to safely store 
foods. Instruction on healthy food preparation is stressed.
  A major goal of the project in addition to education is to create 
access to nutritious foods in low-income neighborhoods. The director is 
Greg Sandor and he has done a great job with his project. Lynn 
Brantley, the executive director of the Capital Area Food Bank, and 
Michael Heller of the Chesapeake Bay Foundation also deserve a lot of 
credit for getting this project started. Also the firm of Booze, Allen 
& Hamilton has donated time and effort to help out. I appreciate that 
public-spirited attitude.
  The bill also makes administrative improvements so child nutrition 
programs will work better. These changes will help reduce paperwork, 
improve program management, and facilitate access for eligible low-
income children.
  For example, the bill makes children who are income-eligible for Head 
Start automatically eligible for free meal reimbursements under the 
Child and Adult Care Food Program. CACFP provides meals to the great 
majority of Head Start participants. Although children who are income-
eligible for Head Start necessarily meet CACFP income guidelines, 
current law requires eligibility information to be specifically 
processed to establish eligibility for CACFP. This provision will 
result in significant paperwork savings for Head Start Programs.
  The Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act addresses 
anticompetitive activities in order to prevent price-gouging and bid-
rigging in child nutrition programs, including school lunch, school 
breakfast and WIC.
  During the past several years, the Antitrust Division of the U.S. 
Department of Justice has filed over 100 criminal cases against persons 
and companies accused of bid-rigging, price-fixing and similar 
activities involving dairy products sold to schools or the Department 
of Defense. As of March 1992, the Secretary of Agriculture had neither 
suspended nor debarred any of the 13 dairy companies or 28 individuals 
convicted of milk-contract bid-rigging from participating in the school 
lunch or breakfast programs.
  Effective educational and monitoring programs can greatly reduce the 
incidence of price-fixing and bid-rigging by companies that sell 
products to schools. Reducing the incidence of these anticompetitive 
activities could save school districts, parents, and taxpayers millions 
of dollars per year.
  For these reasons, the bill provides training and technical 
assistance to States and local agencies in identifying and preventing 
anticompetitive activities in conjunction with child nutrition 
programs, and instructs the Secretary to cooperate with the Attorney 
General and State attorneys general regarding investigations of 
anticompetitive activities in conjunction with these programs.
  It establishes guidelines and a timetable for the Secretary to 
consider debarment of contractors for committing various criminal or 
civil offenses, and establishes mandatory child nutrition program 
debarment periods unless certain factors are found.
  I would like to make note of an additional provision, included in 
the managers' amendment, on the bar coding of WIC vouchers. I am 
concerned that too much low-iron infant formula is being incorrectly or 
inadvertently purchased through the WIC Program. The bill would require 
pilot tests to see how effectively bar codes could be used to eliminate 
this problem.

  This test should be large enough to reflect the diversity of the WIC 
recipient population and retailers. Tests should be conducted in large 
as well as small population States, and in cities as well as rural 
areas. Factors to be examined should include: costs and benefits to WIC 
participants and retail vendors, benefits to State WIC Programs, and 
the impact on the accuracy of WIC redemptions.
  I would hope that these tests could be completed fairly quickly since 
the technology has been in use in many locations for years. I would 
expect that the tests should be completed and the information provided 
to the Congress well before September 30, 1995.
  Finally, I want to make a special note of the contributions of Mickey 
Weiss in the battle against hunger. Mickey is a retired produce 
wholesaler who established the Nation's first wholesale produce 
distribution program in Los Angeles in 1987. He has developed a system 
where produce that has cosmetic imperfections or a short anticipated 
shelf life is donated to hundreds of groups in Los Angeles that feed 
the hungry.
  Instead of wasting millions of pounds of edible and wholesome produce 
each year, Mickey has rerouted that food to the needy. His motto is: 
Donate, Don't Dump. He has been helped in his good deeds by many 
people, but I would like to focus on two that I recently met.
  Dr. Susan Evans and Dr. Peter Clark with the Institute of Health 
Promotion and Disease Prevention Research of the Department of 
Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California School of 
Medicine, have been tirelessly working with Mickey Weiss to transfer 
the Los Angeles model to other cities. They have helped launch programs 
in Houston; Baltimore; San Francisco; Dallas; Chicago; Philadelphia; 
San Mateo, California; Detroit, and Columbus, Ohio.
  I know that several additional cities are working with Mickey, Dr. 
Evans and Dr. Clark. I am pleased that they are having a great deal of 
success in getting other cities interested in similar programs. I would 
like USDA to continue to work with them to get this message across to 
other communities.
  As chairman of the committee with jurisdiction over child nutrition 
programs, I want to clarify my position on how the Department should 
implement statutory language in the committee amendments to S. 1614.
  The amendment creates a new section 9(f)(2) of the National School 
Lunch Act, which sets forth in more detail how schools can implement 
the dietary guidelines. My colleagues and I expect schools to meet the 
guidelines, but we believe they should have flexibility in how to 
achieve that goal.
  USDA's proposed regulations, published on June 10, allow schools to 
use ``menu cycles'' which incorporate the nutrition standards as an 
alternative to nutrient standard menu planning. We are pleased that 
USDA has included this approach.
  USDA will offer schools specific menus of menu systems that meet the 
guidelines and nutrient standards. This alternative will be very 
helpful for many schools, and I know some Vermont schools will likely 
prefer this approach. It will allow them to plan healthy meals without 
doing a computer analysis of the foods consumed, for example by 
following menu options or cycles. USDA will have to rely on nutrient 
analysis in designing those systems or cycles.
  I also understand that States and local school food authorities may 
want to customize menus to local preferences. This alternative approach 
would achieve the same result--implementation of the dietary guidelines 
and nutrition requirements.
  It is unclear from USDA's proposal who would pay for creating these 
model menus. USDA should provide these menu cycles or ``menu systems 
with nutrient analysis'' to States or to schools at no cost to them.
  These model menus systems should be easy to use and contain a variety 
of options. This does not eliminate the requirement that schools comply 
with the dietary guidelines; it simply provides options to reach that 
end. My colleagues and I expect USDA to fully implement this approach.
  It is very important that USDA provide schools with menu options or 
choices so that it is easy for them to meet the dietary guidelines. 
USDA should not simply provide a ``meal pattern'' as now found in the 
regulations that sets forth few choices for schools to follow. That 
meal pattern clearly does not take into account the various levels of 
fat and saturated fat found in foods.
  My colleagues and I have in mind something more detailed and tailored 
than the current meal pattern, something which will truly help schools 
meet the dietary guidelines.
  For example, in designing these menu systems USDA must take into 
account the various levels of fats and saturated fats found in foods. 
This is important because the only quantitative guideline proposed by 
USDA focuses on fat and saturated fat levels. The information provided 
by USDA should allow schools to generate a variety of menus that will 
meet guidelines and other nutrient requirements set by the Secretary.
  Under USDA's proposed rules, only schools ``without the capability to 
conduct nutrient standard menu planning'' as decided by the State 
educational agency would be able to use other approaches. We believe 
that all schools should have the choice of what approach to use.
  One additional point needs to be made. The committee amendment 
requires USDA to provide materials and information to States and 
schools to help them implement the dietary guidelines. The Secretary 
needs to provide these materials and advice, including publications in 
the Federal Register, in advance so that schools can use them to 
provide meals that comply with the guidelines.
  The ability of local schools across the country to implement the 
guidelines in a timely manner will depend upon the Department providing 
the standardized recipes, menu cycles, food product specification, and 
preparation techniques, nutrient standard menu planning, assisted 
nutrient standard menu planning, food-based menu systems with nutrient 
analysis and other approaches in a timely manner.
  S. 1614, the Better Nutrition and Health for Children Act, is a good 
bill. It was reported unanimously out of committee and deserves the 
unanimous support of the full Senate as well. I hope all my colleagues 
will join me in this preventive effort to ensure that today's American 
children become tomorrow's healthy citizens.
  In concluding my remarks today, I would like to look to the work 
ahead for my committee. As we complete work on reauthorization of child 
nutrition programs this year, we are beginning to prepare for our major 
work next year in the farm bill, when food stamps, TEFAP, and other 
nutrition programs need to be reauthorized.
  One issue that needs to be resolved in the Food Stamp Act 
reauthorization involves funding for the American Samoa Nutrition 
Assistance Program. This program is currently funded through 
appropriations, making funding unsure each year, and making it 
difficult for administrators to plan ahead. It is a small, $5.4 million 
program which provides nutrition assistance to the elderly, blind, and 
disabled in American Samoa.
  Similar programs for Puerto Rico and the Commonwealth of Northern 
Mariana Islands are funded through the Food Stamp Act. There is no 
reason that American Samoa should be treated any differently. It should 
be funded through the same mechanism.
  I am very interested in seeing this change become law and will work 
to achieve it in the farm bill next year.
  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, what is the unanimous-consent agreement now 
on?
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senator from 
Vermont is recognized for purposes of offering an amendment upon which 
there shall be 5 minutes of debate.


                           Amendment No. 2558

  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I offer that amendment, and I ask that it 
be read, and then I will yield to the floor to the Senator from which 
Wyoming.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
  The bill clerk read as follows:

       The Senator from Vermont [Mr. Leahy] proposes an amendment 
     numbered 2558.

  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that reading of the 
amendment be dispensed with.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  The amendment is as follows:
       On page 79, between lines 19 and 20, insert the following 
     new subsection:
       (c) Dietary Guidelines for Americans.--Section 9 of such 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1758) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new subsection:
       ``(f)(1) Not later than July 1, 1996, the Secretary, State 
     educational agencies, schools, and school food service 
     authorities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, inform 
     students who participate in the school lunch and school 
     breakfast programs, and parents and guardians of the 
     students, of--
       ``(A) the nutritional content of the lunches and breakfasts 
     that are served under the programs; and
       ``(B) the consistency of the lunches and breakfasts with 
     the guidelines contained in the most recent `Dietary 
     Guidelines for Americans' that is published under section 301 
     of the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act 
     of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341) (referred to in this subsection as 
     the `Guidelines'), including the consistency of the lunches 
     and breakfasts with the guideline for fat content.
       ``(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), not later 
     than July 1, 1996, schools that are participating in the 
     school lunch or school breakfast program shall serve lunches 
     and breakfasts under the programs that are consistent with 
     the Guidelines (as measured in accordance with subsection 
     (a)(1)(A)(ii)).
       ``(B) State educational agencies may grant waivers from the 
     requirements of subparagraph (A) subject to criteria 
     established by the appropriate State educational agency. The 
     waivers shall not permit schools to implement the 
     requirements later than July 1, 1998, or a later date 
     determined by the Secretary.
       ``(C) To assist schools in meeting the requirements of this 
     paragraph, the Secretary shall--
       ``(i) develop, and provide to schools, standardized 
     recipes, menu cycles, and food product specification and 
     preparation techniques; and
       ``(ii) provide to schools information regarding nutrient 
     standard menu planning, assisted nutrient standard menu 
     planning, and other approaches, including food-based menu 
     systems with nutrient analysis, as determined by the 
     Secretary.
       ``(D) Schools may use any of the approaches described in 
     subparagraph (C) to meet the requirements of this paragraph.
       ``(3)(A) Not later than 120 days after the date of 
     enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to 
     the authorizing committees of Congress a detailed and 
     specific plan that describes the actions the Secretary will 
     take to encourage schools that are participating in the 
     school lunch and school breakfast programs to serve lunches 
     and breakfasts under each program that are consistent with 
     the Guidelines.
       ``(B) The Secretary shall include in the plan--
       ``(i) a strategy for providing technical assistance to 
     States, State educational agencies, schools, and school food 
     service authorities to encourage consistency with the 
     Guidelines; and
       ``(ii) a strategy for informing State child nutrition 
     directors, school food service directors, parents, guardians, 
     and students of--
       ``(I) the provisions of the Guidelines;
       ``(II) the importance of implementing the Guidelines; and
       ``(III) specific suggestions for dietary modifications that 
     would achieve the objectives of the Guidelines.''.
       On page 84, line 6, strike ``is amended'' and insert ``(as 
     amended by section 103(c)) is further amended''.
       On page 84, line 8, strike ``(f)'' and insert ``(g)''.
       On page 95, between lines 12 and 13, insert the following 
     new subsection:
       (i) All-Day Activities.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
     shall--
       (1) not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, identify sources of Federal funds that may be 
     available from other Federal agencies for service 
     institutions under the summer food service program for 
     children established under section 13 of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1761) to carry out all-day educational 
     and recreational activities for children at feeding sites 
     under the program; and
       (2) notify through State agencies, as determined 
     appropriate by the Secretary, the service institutions of the 
     sources.
       On page 97, between lines 13 and 14, insert the following 
     new paragraph:
       (1) in paragraph (1)(A), strike ``25 percent of the 
     children served by such organization'' and insert ``25 
     percent of the children enrolled in the organization or 25 
     percent of the licensed capacity of the organization for 
     children, whichever is less,'';
       On page 97, line 14, strike ``(1)'' and insert ``(2)''.
       On page 97, line 16, strike ``(2)'' and insert ``(3)''.
       On page 117, between lines 18 and 19, insert the following 
     new subsection:
       (b) Use of Food Service Management Institute for Dietary 
     and Nutrition Activities.--Section 21(d) (42 U.S.C. 1769b-
     1(d)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``(d) Coordination.--The'' and inserting 
     the following:
       ``(d) Coordination.--
       ``(1) In general.--The''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(2) Use of institute for dietary and nutrition 
     activities.--The Secretary shall use any food service 
     management institute established under subsection (a)(2) to 
     assist in carrying out dietary and nutrition activities of 
     the Secretary.''.
       On page 117, line 19, strike ``(b)'' and insert ``(c)''.
       On page 117, line 19, insert ``of such Act'' after 
     ``Section 21''.
       On page 118, lines 19 and 20, strike ``$2,000,000 for each 
     of fiscal years 1995 through 1998'' and insert ``such sums as 
     are necessary for fiscal year 1995 and each subsequent fiscal 
     year''.
       On page 118, line 25, strike the quotation marks and the 
     following period.
       On page 118, after line 25, add the following new 
     subparagraph:
       ``(C) Funding for education, training, or applied research 
     or studies.--In addition to amounts made available under 
     subparagraphs (A) and (B), from amounts otherwise 
     appropriated in discretionary appropriations, the Secretary 
     may provide funds to any food service management institute 
     established under subsection (a)(2) for projects specified by 
     the Secretary that will contribute to implementing dietary or 
     nutrition initiatives. Any additional funding under this 
     subparagraph shall be provided noncompetitively in a separate 
     cooperative agreement.''.
       On page 140, between lines 6 and 7, insert the following 
     new sections:

     SEC. 124. INSPECTION OF JUICE AND JUICE PRODUCTS.

       (a) In General.--The National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1751 et seq.) (as amended by section 123) is further amended 
     by adding at the end the following new section:

     ``SEC. 29. INSPECTION OF JUICE AND JUICE PRODUCTS.

       ``(a) Definition of Juice and Juice Product.--As used in 
     this section, the terms `juice' and `juice product' mean 
     juice and a juice-based product, respectively, for which a 
     United States standard for a grade has been issued by the 
     Secretary under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 
     U.S.C. 1621 et seq.).
       ``(b) Prohibition.--No State, State agency, or local agency 
     shall contract to procure, or make available, juice or a 
     juice product for use in the school lunch program established 
     under this Act or the school breakfast program established 
     under section 4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 
     1773) unless the juice or juice product was processed under 
     in-plant inspection conducted by the Secretary.
       ``(c) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
     regulations as are necessary to carry out this section.''.
       (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) 
     shall become effective on the date that is 270 days after the 
     date of enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 125. ADMINISTRATION OF NUTRITION PROGRAMS.

       Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
     Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall issue regulations 
     that--
       (1) significantly ease the administrative and paperwork 
     burdens on participating schools and families with respect 
     to--
       (A) the school lunch program established under the National 
     School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.); and
       (B) the school breakfast program established under section 
     4 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773); and
       (2) streamline Federal, State, and local administration of 
     all programs established under the National School Lunch Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.) and the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 
     (42 U.S.C. 1771 et seq.).
       On page 140, lines 18 and 19, after ``preparation of'', 
     insert the following: ``foods high in complex carbohydrates 
     and''.
       On page 156, after line 24, add the following new 
     subsection:
       (o) Use of Universal Product Codes.--Section 17(h)(8) of 
     such Act (42 U.S.C. 1786(h)(8)) (as amended by subsection 
     (n)) is further amended by adding at the end the following 
     new subparagraph:
       ``(M)(i) The Secretary shall establish pilot projects to 
     determine the feasibility and cost of requiring States to 
     carry out a system for using universal product codes to 
     assist retail food stores that are vendors under the program 
     in providing the type of infant formula that the participants 
     in the program are authorized to obtain. In carrying out the 
     projects, the Secretary shall determine whether the system 
     reduces the incidence of incorrect redemptions of low-iron 
     formula or brands of infant formula not authorized to be 
     redeemed through the program, or both.
       ``(ii) If the Secretary determines that the system is 
     feasible, cost-effective, and reduces the incidence of 
     incorrect redemptions described in clause (i), the Secretary 
     shall establish such procedures as the Secretary determines 
     appropriate to require States to carry out the system.
       ``(iii) The system shall not require a vendor under the 
     program to obtain special equipment and shall not be 
     applicable to a vendor that does not have equipment that can 
     use universal product codes.''.
       On page 157, line 1, strike ``(o)'' and insert ``(p)''.
       On page 157, line 23, strike ``(p)'' and insert ``(q)''.
       On page 158, line 16, strike ``(q)'' and insert ``(r)''.
       On page 158, line 24, strike ``(r)'' and insert ``(s)''.
       On page 159, line 2, strike ``(q)(2)'' and insert 
     ``(r)(2)''.
       On page 160, line 18, strike ``(s)'' and insert ``(t)''.
       On page 164, line 7, strike ``(t)'' and insert ``(u)''.
       On page 169, between lines 4 and 5, insert the following 
     new subparagraph:
       ``(H) increasing public awareness of the importance of 
     breakfasts for providing the energy necessary for the 
     cognitive development of school-age children;''.
       On page 169, line 5, strike ``(H)'' and insert ``(I)''.
       On page 169, line 8, strike ``(I)'' and insert ``(J)''.
       On page 169, line 11, strike ``role'' and insert 
     ``importance''.
       On page 169, line 13, strike ``(J)'' and insert ``(K)''.
       On page 169, line 14, strike ``and''.
       On page 169, line 15, strike ``(K)'' and insert ``(L)''.
       On page 169, line 18, strike ``materials.'; and'' and 
     insert ``materials; and''.
       On page 169, between lines 18 and 19, insert the following 
     new subparagraph:
       ``(M) coordinating and promoting nutrition education and 
     training activities carried out under child nutrition 
     programs, including the summer food service program for 
     children established under section 13 of the National School 
     Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1761) and the child and adult care food 
     program established under section 17 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1766).''; and
       On page 171, between lines 8 and 9, insert the following 
     new title:
                  TITLE III--OTHER RELATED PROVISIONS

     SEC. 301. DISTRIBUTION OF COMMODITIES ON CERTAIN INDIAN 
                   RESERVATIONS.

       Section 3(j) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
     2012(j)) is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     sentence: ``For the purpose of the distribution of 
     commodities under section 4(b), the term `reservation' 
     includes the geographically defined area or areas (including 
     an urban area or areas) within the boundaries of former 
     reservations in Oklahoma, as defined by the Secretary of the 
     Interior, over which a tribal organization exercises 
     governmental jurisdiction.''.
       On page 171, line 9, strike ``III'' and insert ``IV''.
       On page 171, line 10, strike ``301'' and insert ``401''.
  Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, today we are taking action to reauthorize 
and improve several important nutrition programs under the National 
School Lunch Act and the Child Nutrition Act. The bill reported by the 
Senate Agriculture Committee provides a comprehensive vehicle for 
continuing and strengthening access to good nutrition for some of our 
most vulnerable children. I am pleased to be a cosponsor of this 
legislation.
  This reauthorization of child nutrition programs is timely, as it 
coincides with the administration's effort to elevate child welfare 
concerns on the national policy agenda. The bill is an important 
element of health reform, as it has become increasingly apparent that 
investment in child nutrition programs today will pay rich dividends in 
terms of the future health and productivity of our Nation.
  Chairman Leahy, in particular, deserves credit for his longstanding 
leadership in the child nutrition area. That leadership, and his 
commitment to child nutrition programs, is evident in this 
reauthorization bill.
  The National School Lunch Program is the linchpin of this bill. It 
currently serves more than 25 million meals each day and boasts 
voluntary participation rate of 90 percent of all schools nationwide. 
However, S. 1614 also reauthorizes the special supplemental nutrition 
program for women, infants and children [WIC] and allots a greater 
number of grants for schools interested in initiating school breakfast 
programs.
  There is, however, one additional aspect of this bill that I believe 
merits brief mention. That is, the encouragement it offers schools to 
comply with new nutritional standards governing the school lunch and 
breakfast programs that will ensure children have access to a healthy 
diet.
  In June, USDA proposed a major rule to update nutrition standards for 
school meals. The proposed USDA regulations, the School Meals 
Initiative for Healthy Children, require that by July 1, 1998 school 
meals meet the 1990 dietary guidelines, which establish a 30-percent 
limit on daily dietary fat, and a 10-percent limit on saturated fat.
  I commend the Department for insisting that the dietary guidelines be 
incorporated into school meals. It does concern me, however, that the 
Department's rule allows 8 years from the date of publication for 
schools to comply with this important health initiative.
  The time is long overdue to have our school meals conform to the fat 
standards of the dietary guidelines. Quite frankly, I am not 
comfortable with four year implementation schedule proposed by USDA.
  In discussing this issue with school officials from South Dakota and 
other interested parties, it seems reasonable to me to expedite the 
implementation of these nutrition standards. I am pleased that the 
committee agrees, and that the managers' amendment requires that 
schools participating in school meals programs comply with the dietary 
guidelines by July 1, 1996, rather than by July 1, 1998.
  This certainly is a worthwhile objective that will have a real impact 
on the health of children who participate in school meals programs. It 
should be aggressively pursued, as the amendment suggests.
  At the same time, however, I can appreciate the effort it takes to 
implement an extensive rule and the importance of providing schools 
ample time to comply with it. I fully realize that not all schools will 
be able to comply with the dietary guidelines by 1996.
  To address that issue, the amendment offers schools the option of 
seeking an exemption from the July 1, 1996 compliance deadline. Schools 
that encounter difficulty with this compliance date will be able to 
apply for a waiver from their own State education department.
  State educational agencies are in the best position to determine if a 
school can or cannot reasonably meet the expedited deadline. Under the 
bill, if compliance is truly problematic, the State can grant a 2-year 
extension to July 1, 1998.
  Our intention is not to force compliance at any cost. Rather, it is 
to encourage aggressiveness on this health initiative. Schools that 
have the ability to implement the dietary guidelines before 1998 should 
do so.
  Mr. President, allow me to briefly explain why I feel so strongly 
that expedited implementation is crucial.
  The USDA proposal would allow schools four more years to comply with 
the dietary guidelines. That is not an insignificant amount of time.
  Four years is one-third of a child's elementary and secondary 
education. Children who entered school in 1990, when the dietary 
guidelines were first issued, will be freshman in high school in 1998. 
Their formative years will be behind them.
  Moreover, information compiled by USDA consistently shows that 
children's diets, including meals served in schools, do not conform to 
the recommendations of the dietary guidelines. The 1989 and 1990 
Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, conducted by USDA, 
reports that fat comprises, on average, 35 percent of calories for the 
diets of children ages 6 to 19.
  Given what we have learned about the importance of diet to good 
health, that should be unacceptable. Encouraging our Nation's 
schoolchildren to eat low-fat, nutritious school breakfasts and lunches 
is a sound, cost-effective public health policy.
  It is well known that high-fat, high-salt diets can lead to many 
health problems later in life, such as heart disease. By offering 
children healthy options for school breakfast and lunch and helping 
them develop nutritionally sound eating habits, we may be able to 
reduce the incidence of these conditions.
  Another USDA study entitled ``The School Nutrition Dietary Assessment 
[SDNA] Study,'' released in October 1993, found that while school 
lunches meet or exceed one-third of the recommended dietary allowance 
[RDA] for key nutrients, they do not meet the recommended levels of fat 
and saturated fat in the dietary guidelines. In fact, the report showed 
that the lunches exceeded the recommendations.
  More to the point, the report showed the average percentage of 
calories from total fat was 38 percent compared with the recommended 
goal of 30 percent or less; and the saturated fat was 15 percent, 
compared with the recommended goal of less than 10 percent.
  In addition, the SDNA report found that children who ate the school 
lunch consumed a much higher amount of calories from fat than those 
children who brought their lunch from home or purchased a lunch from 
vending machines.
  There are currently no requirements or limitations on the percentage 
of calories from fat in school meals. Moreover, recent reports suggest 
that few schools are in compliance with the dietary guidelines. To me, 
that is unacceptable.
  I am not suggesting that schools are not taking any initiative. In 
fact, in my home State of South Dakota, there has been great effort by 
schools to adhere to the dietary guidelines on their own.
  South Dakota school food service officials tell me that the 
publication of the dietary guidelines in 1990 gave them incentive to 
implement more changes. Those changes include serving more poultry, 
fish, and leaner ground beef; using low-fat or 50/50 blend cheeses and 
low-fat margarine; offering more fresh fruits, canned fruits in juice 
or light syrup, fresh vegetables and frozen vegetables; providing low-
fat dressing for salads, relishes, and potatoes; using small amounts of 
salt when cooking vegetables and meat; draining the ground beef very 
thoroughly; and serving unbreaded chicken patties.
  In Mitchell, SD, nutrient information is calculated daily. Their 
meals average 550 calories per meal and 31 percent fat. According to 
the food service director at Mitchell, this is a significant drop since 
the 1980's when the meals consisted of 38 to 39 percent fat.
  The Nutrition Service Program in Watertown, SD, plans menus that 
offer students an attractive variety of highly nutritious foods that 
meet the dietary guidelines for Americans. In September of 1992, the 
Watertown Board of Education endorsed the concept of offering daily 
food service menus based on the dietary guidelines and resources 
available from the Department of Agriculture and Department of Health. 
The healthier menus in Watertown are a result of the guidelines, which 
encourage the food service to serve healthier diets.
  In addition, I heard from several other schools in my State that are 
taking steps voluntarily to comply with the dietary guidelines. I find 
that development very encouraging.
  It appears that a number of our Nation's schools will meet the July 
1, 1996 deadline. Others could meet it with relatively little 
difficulty. S. 1614 encourages them to do so.
  While many schools around the country are taking steps on their own 
to conform to the dietary guidelines, I realize that not all schools 
have the resources to meet the July 1, 1996 deadline. Under the 
manager's amendment, those schools can apply to their State education 
agency for a waiver of the July 1, 1996 compliance date.
  The dietary guidelines were issued in 1990, and the Department's 
proposal says these standards must be met by 1998. I agree with the 
committee's assessment that an 8-year implementation schedule is overly 
generous.

  In 1961, we launched the effort to put a man on the Moon, and 8 years 
later it was done. The question I ask is, does it really take the same 
amount of time to provide our kids a low-fat diet?
  Our children deserve better. Students should have nutritious diets, 
that is the bottom line. With a concerted effort between the 
Department, the States, and the school food service authorities, this 
should be done prior to 1998.
  A second provision in the managers' amendment requires schools to 
inform students and parents of the nutritional content of school meals 
served and how those meals correspond to the dietary guidelines. This 
provision sets the same July 1, 1996, deadline for compliance.
  A child can go into a store and buy a candy bar or a bottle of juice 
and know the nutritional content by looking at the label. School meals 
should provide the same information.
  Children should be cognizant of what they are consuming. Healthy 
eating habits begin with health choices. In order to make healthy 
choices, information about the nutritional content of the food we eat 
must be readily available.
  Parents should also be able to learn the nutritional content of the 
school meals their children are consuming. Parents, together with their 
children, should have access to the nutrition facts, so that they 
cannot only evaluate the quality of school meals, but also apply this 
awareness to meals consumed outside the school environment.
  Again, I commend the chairman for pushing forward with this child 
nutrition reauthorization bill. It is a good bill, and I urge its 
adoption by the Senate.
  Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, this amendment has been cleared, and will 
be done by a voice vote. At this point, I retain the balance of my 
time, and yield to the Senator from Wyoming.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wyoming.
  Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. President, I thank my friend from Vermont, Senator 
Leahy. He is a good friend and very accommodating. I am most 
appreciative. I thank the majority leader for giving us this 
opportunity to speak. He has been very gracious in accommodating me and 
very patient. That is his strength, his patience.
  I must return to Wyoming for the personal reason of the health of a 
family member. Hold no votes for me. I know that is a statement that is 
often made. But nevertheless, it is true. I shall return to your midst 
soon, the first part of the week.

                          ____________________