[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 108 (Monday, August 8, 1994)]
[House]
[Page H]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]


[Congressional Record: August 8, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

 
 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION AND SPACE 
                      POLICY ACT, FISCAL YEAR 1995

  Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and 
pass the bill (H.R. 4489) to authorize appropriations to the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration for human space flight, science, 
aeronautics, and technology, mission support, and inspector general, 
and for other purposes, as amended.
  The Clerk read as follows:

                               H.R. 4489

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration Authorization and Space Policy Act, 
     Fiscal Year 1995''.

     SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

       The Congress finds that--
       (1) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration will 
     require a stable budget, adjusted for inflation, in order to 
     carry out the initiatives now planned in human space flight 
     and science, aeronautics, and technology;
       (2) cooperation in space should continue to be a major 
     element of the post-cold war foreign policy agenda through a 
     broad range of scientific and engineering programs that have 
     the potential to stabilize the scientific and industrial base 
     of the former Soviet Union and encourage the transition 
     toward political reform and a market-based economy;
       (3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     should aggressively pursue actions and reforms directed at 
     reducing institutional costs, including management 
     restructuring, facility consolidation, procurement reform, 
     personnel base downsizing, and convergence with other defense 
     and private sector systems; and
       (4) in formulating a national space transportation policy, 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration should take 
     the lead role in developing advanced space transportation 
     technologies including reusable space vehicles, single-stage-
     to-orbit vehicles, and manned space systems.

     SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

       For purposes of this Act--
       (1) the term ``Administrator'' means the Administrator of 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and
       (2) the term ``institution of higher education'' has the 
     meaning given such term in section 1201(a) of the Higher 
     Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1141(a)).
                TITLE I--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
                       Subtitle A--Authorizations

     SEC. 101. AUTHORIZATIONS.

       (a) Authorizations.--There are authorized to the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration for Human Space Flight, 
     Science, Aeronautics, and Technology, Mission Support, and 
     Inspector General, such amounts as may be appropriated for 
     fiscal year 1995.
       (b) Operating Plan.--(1) Not later than 60 days after the 
     later of the date of enactment of an Act making 
     appropriations to the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration for fiscal year 1995 or the date of enactment 
     of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation of the Senate an operating plan that provides 
     a detailed plan for obligating fiscal year 1995 funds.
       (2) To the maximum extent practicable, and except to the 
     extent inconsistent with an appropriations Act, the operating 
     plan required under paragraph (1) shall reflect the 
     recommended authorizations set forth in Report No. 103-654 of 
     the House of Representatives.

     SEC. 102. SPECIAL PROVISIONS AND LIMITATIONS.

       (a) Global Observations to Benefit the Environment.--
     Beginning in fiscal year 1996, amounts appropriated for the 
     Global Observations to Benefit the Environment, or any other 
     program established to perform substantially the same 
     functions, may be obligated only to the extent that an equal 
     or greater amount of non-Federal funding is provided for such 
     program.
       (b) Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative.--No funds 
     authorized to be appropriated under this Act may be obligated 
     for the Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative--
       (1) to duplicate private sector activities or to fund any 
     activities that a private sector entity is proposing to carry 
     out for commercial purposes; or
       (2) for projects that are initiated after the date of 
     enactment of this Act unless such projects require cost-
     sharing by industry at levels consistent with comparable 
     joint Government-industry advanced technology development 
     programs.
       (c) Scientific Cooperation With Russia.--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration should 
     seek, to the maximum extent practicable, to undertake joint 
     scientific activities with Russia with an initial focus on 
     the robotic exploration of Mars. Such joint scientific 
     activities may include other spacefaring nations, as 
     appropriate.
       (2) Mars transition plan.--The Administrator shall provide 
     to the Congress by February 15, 1995, a detailed plan for the 
     transition of the Mars Surveyor program to an integrated Mars 
     exploration program with Russia and other spacefaring 
     nations, as appropriate.
       (d) Visitors Center.--To the extent provided in advance in 
     appropriations Acts, all unobligated funds available to the 
     Administrator from appropriations for fiscal years before 
     fiscal year 1995, but not to exceed $5,000,000, may be 
     obligated for the establishment of a Visitor Center for the 
     Lewis Research Center, if at least--
       (1) an equal amount of funding;
       (2) in-kind resources of equivalent value; or
       (3) a combination thereof,

     are provided for such purpose from non-Federal sources.
             Subtitle B--Limitations and Special Authority

     SEC. 111. USE OF FUNDS FOR CONSTRUCTION.

       (a) Authorized Uses.--Funds appropriated pursuant to 
     subtitle A for purposes other than--
       (1) construction of facilities;
       (2) research and program management, excluding research 
     operations support; and
       (3) Inspector General,

     may be used for the construction of new facilities and 
     additions to, repair of, rehabilitation of, or modification 
     of existing facilities at any location in support of the 
     purposes for which such funds are authorized.
       (b) Limitation.--None of the funds used pursuant to 
     subsection (a) may be expended for a project, the estimated 
     cost of which to the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, including collateral equipment, exceeds 
     $500,000, until 30 days have passed after the Administrator 
     has notified the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
     of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
     Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate of the 
     nature, location, and estimated cost to the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration of such project.
       (c) Title to Facilities.--If funds are used pursuant to 
     subsection (a) for grants to institutions of higher 
     education, or to nonprofit organizations whose primary 
     purpose is the conduct of scientific research, for purchase 
     or construction of additional research facilities, title to 
     such facilities shall be vested in the United States unless 
     the Administrator determines that the national program of 
     aeronautical and space activities will best be served by 
     vesting title in the grantee institution or organization. 
     Each such grant shall be made under such conditions as the 
     Administrator shall determine to be required to ensure that 
     the United States will receive therefrom benefits adequate to 
     justify the making of that grant.

     SEC. 112. AVAILABILITY OF APPROPRIATED AMOUNTS.

       To the extent provided in appropriations Acts, 
     appropriations authorized under subtitle A may remain 
     available without fiscal year limitation.

     SEC. 113. REPROGRAMMING FOR CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES.

       (a) In General.--Amounts appropriated pursuant to subtitle 
     A for a construction of facilities project--
       (1) may be varied upward by 10 percent in the discretion of 
     the Administrator; or
       (2) may be varied upward by 25 percent, to meet unusual 
     cost variations, after the expiration of 15 days following a 
     report on the circumstances of such action by the 
     Administrator to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate.
       (b) Special Rule.--Where the Administrator determines that 
     new developments in the national program of aeronautical and 
     space activities have occurred; and that such developments 
     require the use of additional funds for the purposes of 
     construction, expansion, or modification of facilities at any 
     location; and that deferral of such action until the 
     enactment of the next National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Authorization Act would be inconsistent with 
     the interest of the Nation in aeronautical and space 
     activities, the Administrator may use for such purposes up to 
     $10,000,000 of the amounts appropriated pursuant to subtitle 
     A for construction of facilities purposes. No such funds may 
     be obligated until a period of 30 days has passed after the 
     Administrator has transmitted to the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives a written report describing the nature of the 
     construction, its costs, and the reasons therefor.

     SEC. 114. CONSIDERATION BY COMMITTEES.

       Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act--
       (1) no amount appropriated to the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration may be used for any program for which 
     the President's annual budget request included a request for 
     funding, but for which the Congress denied or did not provide 
     funding; and
       (2) no amount appropriated to the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration may be used for any program which has 
     not been presented to the Congress in the President's annual 
     budget request or the supporting and ancilliary documents 
     thereto,

     unless a period of 30 days has passed after the receipt by 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
     and Transportation of the Senate of notice given by the 
     Administrator containing a full and complete statement of the 
     action proposed to be taken and the facts and circumstances 
     relied upon in support of such proposed action. The National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration shall keep the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation of the Senate fully and currently informed 
     with respect to all activities and responsibilities within 
     the jurisdiction of those committees. Except as otherwise 
     provided by law, any Federal department, agency, or 
     independent establishment shall furnish any information 
     requested by either committee relating to any such activity 
     or responsibility.

     SEC. 115. USE OF FUNDS FOR SCIENTIFIC CONSULTATIONS OR 
                   EXTRAORDINARY EXPENSES.

       Funds appropriated pursuant to subtitle A for Mission 
     Support may be used, but not to exceed $35,000, for 
     scientific consultations or extraordinary expenses upon the 
     authority of the Administrator.

     SEC. 116. VOLUNTARY SEPARATION INCENTIVES.

       The Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
     make voluntary separation incentive payments pursuant to the 
     Federal Workforce Restructuring Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-
     226) to employees of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration from funds appropriated for fiscal year 1995 
     and available for such payments.

     SEC. 117. LIMITATION ON TRANSFERS TO RUSSIA.

       (a) Limitation.--No funds authorized to be appropriated to 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for fiscal 
     year 1995 may be paid or otherwise transferred to Russia 
     unless--
       (1) the payment or transfer is made in exchange for goods 
     or services that have been provided to the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration in accordance with a 
     written agreement between the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration and Russia;
       (2) the Government of the Russian Federation agrees to 
     provide a monthly report to the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration during the term of such written 
     agreement, that fully accounts for the disposition of the 
     funds paid or transferred, including information with respect 
     to the preceding month on--
       (A) the amount of the funds received, and the date of 
     receipt;
       (B) the amount of the funds converted from United States 
     currency, the currency into which the funds have been 
     converted, and the date and rate of conversion;
       (C) the amount of non-United States currency, and of United 
     States currency, that is disbursed to any contractor or 
     subcontractor, the identity of such contractor or 
     subcontractor, and the date of disbursement; and
       (D) the balance of the funds not disbursed as of the date 
     of the report;
       (3) Russia has provided all monthly reports with respect to 
     which an agreement was made pursuant to paragraph (2); and
       (4) the President, before such payment or transfer and 
     annually upon submission of the President's budget request 
     for fiscal years after fiscal year 1995, has certified to the 
     Congress that--
       (A) the presence of any troops of the Russian Federation or 
     the Commonwealth of Independent States; and
       (B) any action by the Russian Federation or the 
     Commonwealth of Independent States,
     in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, or any other independent state 
     of the former Soviet Union do not violate the sovereignty of 
     those independent states.
       (b) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term 
     ``Russia'' means the Government of the Russian Federation, 
     the Russian Space Agency, or any agency or instrumentality of 
     the Government of the Russian Federation or the Russian Space 
     Agency.

     SEC. 118. SPACE STATION SPENDING CAP.

       The total amount of spending by the National Aeronautics 
     Space Administration for the space station shall not exceed 
     $2,120,900,000 for fiscal year 1995. The limitation in this 
     section shall not apply to amounts provided for payments to 
     Russia for phase I of the International Space Station 
     program.

     SEC. 119. CONSORTIUM FOR INTERNATIONAL EARTH SCIENCE 
                   INFORMATION NETWORK BUILDING.

       The Consortium for International Earth Science Information 
     Network may not obligate more than $27,000,000 for the 
     construction of a new building. Such funds may not be 
     obligated until 90 days after the completion of a building 
     prospectus by the General Services Administration.

     SEC. 120. LIMITATION ON APPROPRIATIONS.

       Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, no funds 
     are authorized to be appropriated for carrying out the 
     programs for which funds are authorized by this Act for any 
     fiscal year after fiscal year 1995.
                   TITLE II--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

     SEC. 201. COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH AMENDMENTS.

       (a) Amendments.--Chapter 701 of title 49, United States 
     Code, is amended--
       (1) in the table of sections--
       (A) by amending the item relating to section 70104 to read 
     as follows:

70104. Restrictions on launches, operations, and reentries.'';

       (B) by amending the item relating to section 70108 to read 
     as follows:

70108. Prohibition, suspension, and end of launches, operation of 
              launch sites, and reentries.'';

       (C) by amending the item relating to section 70109 to read 
     as follows:

70109. Preemption of scheduled launches or reentries.''; and

       (D) by adding at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 70120. Report to Congress.'';

       (2) in section 70102--
       (A) by inserting ``from Earth'' after ``and any payload'' 
     in paragraph (3);
       (B) by redesignating paragraphs (10) through (12) as 
     paragraphs (12) through (14), respectively; and
       (C) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following new 
     paragraphs:
       ``(10) `reenter' and `reentry' mean to return purposefully, 
     or attempt to return, a reentry vehicle and payload, if any, 
     from Earth orbit or outer space to Earth.
       ``(11) `reentry vehicle' means any vehicle designed to 
     return from Earth orbit or outer space to Earth substantially 
     intact.'';
       (3) in section 70104--
       (A) by amending the section designation and heading to read 
     as follows:

     ``Sec. 70104. Restrictions on launches, operations, and 
       reentries'';

       (B) by inserting ``, or reenter a reentry vehicle,'' after 
     ``operate a launch site'' each place it appears in subsection 
     (a);
       (C) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``launch or 
     operation'' in subsection (a)(3) and (4);
       (D) in subsection (b)--
       (i) by striking ``launch license'' and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``license'';
       (ii) by inserting ``or reenter'' after ``may launch''; and
       (iii) by inserting ``or reentering'' after ``related to 
     launching''; and
       (E) in subsection (c)--
       (i) by amending the subsection heading to read as follows: 
     ``Preventing Launches or Reentries.--'';
       (ii) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``prevent the 
     launch''; and
       (iii) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``decides the 
     launch'';
       (4) in section 70105--
       (A) by inserting ``, or reentry of a reentry vehicle,'' 
     after ``operation of a launch site'' in subsection (b)(1); 
     and
       (B) by striking ``or operation'' and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``, operation, or reentry'' in subsection (b)(2)(A);
       (5) in section 70106(a)--
       (A) by inserting ``or reentry site'' after ``observer at a 
     launch site''; and
       (B) by inserting ``or reentry vehicle'' after ``assemble a 
     launch vehicle'';
       (6) in section 70108--
       (A) by amending the section designation and heading to read 
     as follows:

     ``Sec. 70108. Prohibition, suspension, and end of launches, 
       operation of launch sites, and reentries''; and

       (B) in subsection (a)--
       (i) by inserting ``, or reentry of a reentry vehicle,'' 
     after ``operation of a launch site''; and
       (ii) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``launch or 
     operation'';
       (7) in section 70109--
       (A) by amending the section designation and heading to read 
     as follows:

     ``Sec. 70109. Preemption of scheduled launches or 
       reentries'';

       (B) in subsection (a)--
       (i) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``ensure that a 
     launch'';
       (ii) by inserting ``, reentry site,'' after ``United States 
     Government launch site'';
       (iii) by inserting ``or reentry date commitment'' after 
     ``launch date commitment'';
       (iv) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``obtained for a 
     launch'';
       (v) by inserting ``, reentry site,'' after ``access to a 
     launch site'';
       (vi) by inserting ``, or services related to a reentry,'' 
     after ``amount for launch services''; and
       (vii) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``the scheduled 
     launch''; and
       (C) in subsection (c), by inserting ``or reentry'' after 
     ``prompt launching'';
       (8) in section 70110--
       (A) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``prevent the 
     launch'' in subsection (a)(2); and
       (B) by inserting ``, or reentry of a reentry vehicle,'' 
     after ``operation of a launch site'' in subsection (a)(3)(B);
       (9) in section 70112--
       (A) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``one launch'' in 
     subsection (a)(3);
       (B) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``launch services'' 
     in subsection (a)(4);
       (C) by inserting ``or a reentry'' after ``launch services'' 
     each place it appears in subsection (b);
       (D) by inserting ``or Reentries'' after ``Launches'' in the 
     heading for subsection (e); and
       (E) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``launch site'' in 
     subsection (e);
       (10) in section 70113(a)(1) and (d)(1) and (2), by 
     inserting ``or reentry'' after ``one launch'' each place it 
     appears;
       (11) in section 70115(b)(1)(D)(i)--
       (A) by inserting ``reentry site,'' after ``launch site,''; 
     and
       (B) by inserting ``or reentry vehicle'' after ``site of a 
     launch vehicle'';
       (12) in section 70117--
       (A) by inserting ``or reenter a reentry vehicle'' after 
     ``operate a launch site'' in subsection (a);
       (B) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``approval of a space 
     launch'' in subsection (d);
       (C) in subsection (f)--
       (i) by inserting ``or Reentry'' after ``Launch'' in the 
     subsection heading;
       (ii) by inserting ``, reentry vehicle,'' after ``A launch 
     vehicle'';
       (iii) by inserting ``or reentered'' after ``that is 
     launched''; and
       (iv) by inserting ``or reentry'' after ``the launch''; and
       (D) in subsection (g)--
       (i) by inserting ``reentry of a reentry vehicle,'' after 
     ``or launch site,'' in paragraph (1); and
       (ii) by inserting ``reentry,'' after ``launch,'' in 
     paragraph (2);
       (13) in section 70119, by inserting the following after 
     paragraph (2):

     ``There are authorized to the Secretary of Transportation 
     such amounts as may be appropriated to carry out this chapter 
     for fiscal year 1995.''; and
       (14) by adding at the end the following new section:

     ``Sec. 70120. Report to Congress

       ``The Secretary of Transportation shall submit to Congress 
     an annual report to accompany the President's budget request 
     that--
       ``(1) describes all activities undertaken under this 
     chapter, including a description of the process for the 
     application for and approval of licenses under this chapter 
     and recommendations for legislation that may further 
     commercial launches and reentries; and
       ``(2) reviews the performance of the regulatory activities 
     and the effectiveness of the Office of Commercial Space 
     Transportation.''.
       (b) Additional Amendments.--(1) Section 70105 of title 49, 
     United States Code, is amended--
       (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``receiving an 
     application'' both places it appears and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``accepting an application in accordance with 
     subsection (b)(2)(D)'';
       (B) by striking ``and'' at the end of subsection (b)(2)(B);
       (C) by striking the period at the end of subsection 
     (b)(2)(C) and inserting in lieu thereof ``; and''; and
       (D) by adding at the end of subsection (b)(2) the following 
     new subparagraph:
       ``(D) regulations establishing criteria for accepting an 
     application for a license under this chapter.''.
       (2) The amendment made by paragraph (1)(A) shall take 
     effect upon the effective date of final regulations issued 
     pursuant to section 70105(b)(2)(D) of title 49, United States 
     Code, as added by paragraph (1)(D) of this subsection.

     SEC. 202. OFFICE OF SPACE COMMERCE AUTHORIZATION.

       There are authorized to the Secretary of Commerce such 
     amounts as may be appropriated for the activities of the 
     Office of Space Commerce for fiscal year 1995.

     SEC. 203. USE OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTS.

       (a) General Rule.--Except as provided in subsection (b), 
     the Administrator shall ensure that procurements are 
     conducted in compliance with sections 2 through 4 of the Act 
     of March 3, 1933 (41 U.S.C. 10a through 10c, popularly known 
     as the ``Buy American Act'').
       (b) Limitations.--This section shall apply only to 
     procurements made for which--
       (1) amounts are authorized by this Act to be made 
     available; and
       (2) solicitations for bids are issued after the date of 
     enactment of this Act.
       (c) Inapplicability in Case of Violation of International 
     Agreement.--This section shall not apply to the extent that 
     the United States Trade Representative determines that a 
     procurement described in subsection (b) would be in violation 
     of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or an 
     international agreement to which the United States is a 
     party.
       (d) Purchase of American Made Equipment and Products.--
       (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
     any recipient of a grant under this Act, or under any 
     amendment made by this Act, should purchase, when available 
     and cost-effective, American made equipment and products when 
     expending grant monies.
       (2) Notice to recipients of assistance.--In allocating 
     grants under this Act, or under any amendment made by this 
     Act, the Secretary shall provide to each recipient a notice 
     describing the statement made in paragraph (1) by the 
     Congress.

     SEC. 204. REQUIREMENT FOR INDEPENDENT COST ANALYSIS.

       The Chief Financial Officer for the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration shall be responsible for conducting 
     independent cost analyses of all new projects estimated to 
     cost more than $5,000,000 and shall report the results 
     annually to Congress at the time of the submission of the 
     President's budget request. In developing cost accounting and 
     reporting standards for carrying out this section, the Chief 
     Financial Officer shall, to the extent practicable and 
     consistent with other laws, solicit the advice of expertise 
     outside of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

     SEC. 205. GLOBAL CHANGE DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEM.

       Title I of the Global Change Research Act of 1990 (15 
     U.S.C. 2931 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new section:

     ``SEC. 109. GLOBAL CHANGE DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEM.

       ``(a) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in 
     coordination with other agencies that belong to the Committee 
     established under section 102, shall establish the 
     requirements and architecture for, design, and develop a 
     Global Change Data and Information System that shall serve as 
     the system to process, archive, and distribute data generated 
     by the Global Change Research Program.
       ``(b) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     shall design the Global Change Data and Information System--
       ``(1) so that other Federal agencies may connect data 
     centers operated by such agencies to such System; and
       ``(2) so as to minimize, to the extent practicable, the 
     cost of connecting such data centers.
       ``(c) Each agency involved in the Global Change Research 
     Program shall retain the responsibility to establish and 
     operate Global Change Data and Information System data 
     centers to process, archive, and distribute data generated by 
     such agency's programs. Agencies may agree to assume the 
     responsibility for processing, archiving, or distributing 
     data generated by other agencies.''.

     SEC. 206. ACCESS TO CLASSIFIED DATA FOR GLOBAL CHANGE 
                   RESEARCH.

       The Committee on Environment and Natural Resources shall 
     develop and submit to the Congress within one year after the 
     date of enactment of this Act a plan for providing access to 
     data from classified archives and systems for global change 
     research. The plan shall--
       (1) determine whether the Global Change Data and 
     Information System or other means should be used to provide 
     access to such data for the scientific community; and
       (2) identify what agencies should be responsible for 
     particular parts of such data and any data centers needed to 
     process, archive, and distribute such data.

     SEC. 207. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ACT OF 1958 
                   AMENDMENTS.

       (a) Reports to the Congress.--Section 206(a) of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 
     2476(a)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``January'' and inserting in lieu thereof 
     ``May''; and
       (2) by striking ``calendar'' and inserting in lieu thereof 
     ``fiscal''.
       (b) Disclosure of Technical Data.--Section 303 of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2454) 
     is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(C), by inserting ``or (c)'' after 
     ``subsection (b)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(c)(1) The Administration may delay for a period not to 
     exceed 5 years the unrestricted public disclosure of 
     technical data in the possession of, or under the control of, 
     the Administration that has been generated in the performance 
     of experimental, developmental, or research activities or 
     programs funded jointly by the Administration and the private 
     sector.
       ``(2) The Administrator shall issue regulations to carry 
     out this subsection. Paragraph (1) shall not take effect 
     until such regulations are issued.
       ``(3) Regulations issued pursuant to paragraph (2) shall 
     include--
       ``(A) guidelines for a determination of whether data is 
     technical data within the meaning of this subsection;
       ``(B) a requirement that a determination described in 
     subparagraph (A) that particular data is technical data shall 
     be reported to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
       ``(C) provisions to ensure that technical data is available 
     for dissemination within the United States to United States 
     persons and entities in furtherance of the objective of 
     maintaining leadership or competitiveness in civil and 
     governmental aeronautical and space activities by the United 
     States industrial base; and
       ``(D) a specification of the period or periods for which 
     the delay in unrestricted public disclosure of technical data 
     is to apply to various categories of such data, and the 
     restrictions on disclosure of such data during such period or 
     periods, including a requirement that the maximum 5-year 
     protection under this subsection shall not be provided unless 
     at least 50 percent of the funding for the activities or 
     programs is provided by the private sector.
       ``(4) Along with the initial publication of proposed 
     regulations under paragraph (2), the Administrator shall 
     include a list of those experimental, developmental, or 
     research activities or programs conducted by, or funded in 
     whole or in part by, the Administration that may result in 
     products or processes of significant value in maintaining 
     leadership or competitiveness in civil and governmental 
     aeronautical and space activities by the United States 
     industrial base. Such list shall be updated biannually.
       ``(5) For purposes of this subsection, the term `technical 
     data' means any recorded information, including computer 
     software, that is or may be directly applicable to the 
     design, engineering, development, production, manufacture, or 
     operation of products or processes that may have significant 
     value in maintaining leadership or competitiveness in civil 
     and governmental aeronautical and space activities by the 
     United States industrial base.''.

     SEC. 208. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN 
                   EXPENDABLE SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEMS.

       The National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
     conduct a comprehensive study of the differences between 
     existing United States and foreign expendable space launch 
     vehicles. This study shall determine specific differences in 
     the design, manufacture, processing, and overall management 
     and infrastructure of current United States and foreign 
     expendable space launch vehicles. The study shall also 
     determine the approximate effect of these differences on the 
     relative cost, reliability, and operational efficiency of 
     such space launch systems. This study shall be conducted in 
     consultation with the Department of Defense and, as 
     appropriate, other Federal agencies, United States 
     industries, and institutions of higher education. The results 
     of this study shall be submitted to the Congress no later 
     than October 1, 1995.

     SEC. 209. UNIVERSITY INNOVATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM STUDY.

       (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
       (1) institutions of higher education offer a significant 
     resource for the conduct of innovative scientific and 
     technological research to advance the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration's mission;
       (2) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     should act to broaden the foundation of its research base by 
     increasing the direct involvement of research laboratories of 
     institutions of higher education in the development of 
     technology for space science;
       (3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     should commit to strengthening research programs in 
     technology of institutions of higher education beyond 
     contracting with institutions of higher education for 
     services in support of specific programs; and
       (4) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     should develop mechanisms to foster innovative technological 
     research at institutions of higher education that do not 
     participate in the University Space Engineering Research 
     Centers.
       (b) Study.--The Administrator shall undertake a study of 
     the feasibility and potential implementation of a University 
     Innovative Research Program which--
       (1) promotes technological innovation in the United States 
     by using the Nation's institutions of higher education to 
     help meet the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's 
     research and development needs, by stimulating technology 
     transfer between institutions of higher education and 
     industry, and by encouraging participation by minority and 
     disadvantaged persons in technological innovation;
       (2) is modeled on the Small Business Innovation Research 
     Program;
       (3) avoids duplication of existing National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration programs with the institutions of higher 
     education; and
       (4) derives funding from the Space Research and Technology 
     program.
       (c) Completion.--The study required by subsection (b) shall 
     be completed and its results submitted to the Congress within 
     one year after the date of enactment of this Act.
       (d) Advice.--In carrying out the study required by 
     subsection (b), the Administrator shall seek the advice of 
     the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advisory 
     Council, the National Research Council's Aeronautics and 
     Space Engineering Board and Space Studies Board, and other 
     organizations as appropriate.

     SEC. 210. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.

       The National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
     give consideration to geographical distribution of its 
     research and development funds whenever feasible.

     SEC. 211. ADDITIONAL NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 
                   ADMINISTRATION FACILITIES.

       (a) Selection in Depressed Communities.--When consistent 
     with the goals of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration and cost-effective, the Administrator shall 
     select sites in depressed communities for new programs or 
     functions of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, unless those new programs or functions are so 
     closely related to programs or functions carried out at an 
     existing facility as to require being carried out at that 
     existing facility.
       (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term 
     ``depressed communities'' means rural and urban communities 
     that are relatively depressed, in terms of age of housing, 
     extent of poverty, growth of per capita income, extent of 
     unemployment, job lag, or surplus labor.

     SEC. 212. RECIPROCITY.

       (a) General Rule.--Except as provided in subsection (b), no 
     contract or subcontract may be made with funds authorized 
     under this Act to a company organized under the laws of a 
     foreign country unless the Administrator finds that such 
     country affords comparable opportunities to companies 
     organized under the laws of the United States.
       (b) Exception.--(1) The Administrator may waive the rule 
     stated under subsection (a) if the products or services 
     required are not reasonably available from--
       (A) companies organized under the laws of the United 
     States; or
       (B) companies organized under the laws of a foreign country 
     which the Administrator finds affords comparable 
     opportunities to companies organized under the laws of the 
     United States.

     Any such waiver shall be reported to the Congress.
       (2) Subsection (a) shall not apply to the extent that to do 
     so would violate the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 
     or any other international agreement to which the United 
     States is a party.

     SEC. 213. STUDY ON TDRSS AND COMMERCIAL SATELLITE SYSTEM 
                   CONVERGENCE.

       (a) Requirement.--The Administrator shall conduct a study 
     on the convergence of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System 
     (TDRSS) with commercial communications satellite systems. The 
     study shall assess whether a converged system, from which the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration would buy 
     tracking and data relay services, could--
       (1) satisfy the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration's tracking and data relay requirements;
       (2) reduce the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration's expenses in satisfying tracking and data 
     relay requirements through maintenance and operations of the 
     TDRSS;
       (3) be financed, developed, and operated by the private 
     sector;
       (4) serve commercial communication needs;
       (5) be established to satisfy the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration's requirements in time to obviate the 
     need to procure TDRSS spacecraft beyond the tenth flight; and
       (6) encourage the growth of the commercial satellite 
     communications market.
       (b) Consultation.--In conducting the study, the 
     Administrator shall consult with commercial satellite 
     operators, including the International Telecommunications 
     Satellite Organization, other international satellite 
     operators, and United States satellite operators, as 
     appropriate, and shall also consult with the Department of 
     Defense concerning its requirements for tracking and data 
     relay services.
       (c) Report.--The Administrator shall report on the study's 
     findings and recommendations on feasibility of convergence to 
     the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
     of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
     and Transportation of the Senate by February 15, 1995.

     SEC. 214. STUDY ON CONVERGENCE OF GEOSAT AND EOS ALTIMETRY 
                   PROGRAMS.

       (a) Requirement.--The Administrator shall conduct a study 
     on the convergence of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration Earth Observing System (EOS) Altimetry mission 
     with the Navy Geosat Follow-On program. The study shall 
     assess whether a converged system, which may involve minor 
     modifications to the Geosat Follow-On satellite, could--
       (1) satisfy the needs of the Earth Observing System program 
     for altimetry data;
       (2) reduce the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration's expenses in satisfying such needs;
       (3) be available in time to serve as the follow-on to the 
     Topex/Poseidon mission; and
       (4) continue to meet the Navy's requirements for altimetry 
     data at no additional cost to the Navy.
       (b) Consultation.--In conducting the study, the 
     Administrator shall consult with the Navy and the scientific 
     community, as appropriate.
       (c) Report.--The Administrator shall report on the study's 
     findings and recommendations on the feasibility of 
     convergence to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
     on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate by 
     February 15, 1995.

     SEC. 215. SPACE SHUTTLE COST REDUCTION INITIATIVES.

       By February 1, 1995, the Administrator shall submit a 
     report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
     the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation of the Senate that--
       (1) specifies the minimum number of Space Shuttle flights 
     that would be required each fiscal year from 1995 through 
     2004 to implement payload and related activities provided for 
     in the President's fiscal year 1995 budget request and 
     supporting and ancillary documents thereto;
       (2) outlines the Space Shuttle flight and payload manifest 
     that could be implemented for each of the fiscal years 1995 
     through 1999 if the Space Shuttle flight rate for each of 
     those years were 8 missions, if the flight rate were 7 
     missions, and if the flight rate were 6 missions;
       (3) evaluates the extent to which various potential 
     management consolidation initiatives could reduce the annual 
     cost of the Space Shuttle program while preserving quality 
     and safety; and
       (4) evaluates the extent to which various potential 
     contract incentives could be used to reduce the annual cost 
     of the Space Shuttle program while preserving quality and 
     safety.

     SEC. 216. ADVANCED LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

       (a) Funding Policy.--The Administrator may use, and is 
     encouraged to use, any funds appropriated for Space Shuttle 
     operations, but not needed for such purposes because of a 
     reduction in annual operating costs, for an advanced launch 
     technology program, including the cost of technology 
     development, flight demonstrators, and procurement of 
     operational flight hardware.
       (b) Report to Congress.--By February 1, 1995, the 
     Administrator shall submit to the Congress a program plan for 
     an advanced launch technology program that--
       (1) clearly articulates the goals and objectives of the 
     program and the flight hardware it will produce;
       (2) describes the management structure and development 
     philosophy that will be used to implement the program;
       (3) outlines key milestones toward the achievement of the 
     goals and objectives articulated under paragraph (1);
       (4) estimates the total cost that will have been incurred 
     upon completion of the program;
       (5) defines the annual budgetary requirements of the 
     program for the next 5 years; and
       (6) identifies the source or sources of funding anticipated 
     for the program for each of the next 5 years, including funds 
     described in subsection (a).

     SEC. 217. LAND CONVEYANCE.

       The Administrator may accept the conveyance to the United 
     States of certain parcels of land from the cities of 
     Cleveland and Brook Park, Ohio, for the purpose of 
     establishing a Visitor Center for the Lewis Research Center.

     SEC. 218. PROCUREMENT.

       (a) Procurement Demonstration Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish within 
     the Office of Advanced Concepts and Technology a program of 
     expedited technology procurement for the purpose of 
     demonstrating how innovative technology concepts can rapidly 
     be brought to bear upon space missions of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration.
       (2) Procedures and evaluation.--The Administrator shall 
     establish procedures for actively seeking from nongovernment 
     persons innovative technology concepts relating to the 
     provision of space hardware, technology, or services to the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for the 
     evaluation of such concepts by the National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration's Advisory Council against mission 
     requirements.
       (3) Requirement.--At least 2 percent of amounts 
     appropriated pursuant to subtitle A for the Office of 
     Advanced Concepts and Technology shall be used for innovative 
     technology procurements that are determined under paragraph 
     (2) of this subsection to meet mission requirements.
       (4) Special authority.--In order to carry out this 
     subsection the Administrator shall recruit and hire for 
     limited term appointments persons from the nongovernmental 
     sector with special expertise and experience related to the 
     innovative technology concepts with respect to which 
     procurements are made under this subsection.
       (5) Sunset.--This subsection shall cease to be effective 10 
     years after the date of its enactment.
       (b) Technology Procurement Initiative.--
       (1) In general.--The Administrator shall coordinate 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration resources in 
     the areas of procurement, commercial programs, and advanced 
     technology in order to--
       (A) fairly assess and procure commercially available 
     technology from the marketplace in the most efficient manner 
     practicable;
       (B) achieve a continuous pattern of integrating advanced 
     technology from the commercial sector into the missions and 
     programs of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration;
       (C) incorporate private sector buying and bidding 
     procedures, including fixed price contracts, into 
     procurements; and
       (D) provide incentives for cost-plus contractors of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration to integrate 
     commercially available technology in subsystem contracts on a 
     fixed-price basis.
       (2) Certification.--Upon solicitation of any procurement 
     for space hardware, technology, or services that are not 
     commercially available, the Administrator shall certify, by 
     publication of a notice and opportunity to comment in the 
     Commerce Business Daily, for each such procurement action, 
     that no functional equivalent, commercially available space 
     hardware, technology, or service exists and that no 
     commercial method of procurement is available.

     SEC. 219. ADDITIONAL NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 
                   ADMINISTRATION FACILITIES.

       The Administrator shall not construct or enter into a new 
     lease for facilities to support National Aeronautics and 
     Space Administration programs unless the Administrator has 
     certified to the Congress that the Administrator has reviewed 
     existing National Aeronautics and Space Administration and 
     other federally owned facilities, including military 
     facilities scheduled for closing or reduction, and found no 
     such facilities appropriate for the intended use.

     SEC. 220. SPACE STATION ACCOUNTING REPORT.

       Within one year after the date of enactment of this Act, 
     and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall transmit to 
     the Congress a report with a complete annual accounting of 
     all costs of the space station, including cash and other 
     payments to Russia.

     SEC. 221. PURCHASE OF SPACE SCIENCE DATA.

       (a) In General.--To the maximum extent possible, the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall purchase 
     from the private sector space science data. Examples of such 
     data include scientific data concerning the elemental and 
     mineralogical resources of the moon and the planets, Earth 
     environmental data obtained through remote sensing 
     observations, and solar storm monitoring.
       (b) Competitive Bidding.--(1) Contracts for the purchase of 
     space data under this section shall be awarded in a process 
     of full, fair, and open competitive bidding.
       (2) Submission of cost data, either for the purposes of 
     supporting the bid or fulfillment of the contract, shall not 
     be required of bidders.
       (3) Conformance with military specifications (Milspec) or 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration specifications 
     systems with respect to the design, construction, or 
     operation of equipment used in obtaining space science data 
     under contracts entered into under this section shall not be 
     a requirement for a commercial provider bidding to provide 
     such services.
       (4) Contracts under this section shall not provide for the 
     Federal Government to obtain ownership of data not 
     specifically sought by the Federal Government.

     SEC. 222. REMOTE SENSING FOR AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE 
                   MANAGEMENT.

       (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
       (1) the use of remote sensing data is potentially a 
     valuable resource to anticipate potential food, feed, and 
     fiber shortages or excesses, and provide this information to 
     the agricultural community in time to assist farmers with 
     planting decisions;
       (2) remote sensing data can be useful to predict impending 
     famine problems and forest infestations in time to allow 
     remedial action;
       (3) remote sensing data can inform the agricultural 
     community as to the condition of crops and the land which 
     sustains those crops;
       (4) remote sensing data can be useful to allow farmers to 
     apply pesticides, nutrients, and water, among other inputs, 
     to farmlands in the exact amounts necessary to maximize crop 
     yield, thereby reducing agricultural costs and minimizing 
     potential harm to the environment;
       (5) remote sensing data can be valuable, when received on a 
     timely basis, in determining the needs of additional 
     plantings of a particular crop or a substitute crop; and
       (6) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 
     using the expertise of the Earth Observations 
     Commercialization Applications Program, and the Department of 
     Agriculture should work in tandem to aid farmers to obtain 
     data conducive to sound agricultural management and greater 
     crop yields.
       (b) Information Development.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
     and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, maximizing private funding and involvement, 
     shall provide farmers and other interested persons with 
     timely information, through remote sensing, on crop 
     conditions, fertilization and irrigation needs, pest 
     infiltration, soil conditions, projected food, feed, and 
     fiber production, and any other information available through 
     remote sensing.
       (c) Enhanced Remote Sensing Program.--(1) The Secretary of 
     Agriculture and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration shall jointly evaluate the need for 
     a radar imaging platform that could enhance United States 
     remote sensing capability by providing information and data 
     relating to agricultural resources, and which may have other 
     commercial and research applications.
       (2) In the event there is a finding of need for a platform 
     as set forth in paragraph (1), the Secretary of Agriculture 
     and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration shall jointly develop a proposal, which 
     maximizes private funding and involvement in the launch and 
     operation of such platform, and in the management and 
     dissemination of the data from such platform. The Secretary 
     and the Administrator shall jointly submit the proposal, 
     within 30 days of its development, to the Committee on 
     Agriculture and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
     Technology of the House of Representatives, and to the 
     Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the 
     Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
     Senate.
       (d) Training.--The Secretary of Agriculture and the 
     Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration shall jointly develop a proposal to inform 
     farmers and other prospective users concerning the use and 
     availability of remote sensing data.
       (e) Sunset.--The provisions of this section shall expire 5 
     years after the date of enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 223. COORDINATION OF EDUCATION SUPPORT FOR 
                   UNDERREPRESENTED GROUPS.

       The Administrator shall coordinate with other Federal 
     agencies all National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
     education activities to encourage the participation of women, 
     minorities who are underrepresented in science, engineering, 
     and mathematics, and persons with disabilities.

     SEC. 224. SPACE EXPLORATION OPPORTUNITIES ASSESSMENT.

       (a) National Academy of Sciences Contract.--The 
     Administrator shall, to the extent provided in advance in 
     appropriations Acts, enter into a contract with the National 
     Academy of Sciences for the conduct of the assessment 
     described in subsection (b).
       (b) Space Exploration Opportunities Assessment.--The 
     contract entered into under subsection (a) shall provide for 
     an assessment of methods for maximizing, based on a variety 
     of prospective funding levels, the quantity and quality of 
     opportunities for space exploration, both human and robotic, 
     using space vehicles and platforms available or expected to 
     be available. Such assessment shall focus on the 5-year 
     period after the date of enactment of this Act, and on each 
     of the two subsequent 5-year periods. Such assessment shall 
     address opportunities in connection with civilian and 
     military domestic, and foreign, space vehicles and platforms, 
     whether publicly or privately funded.
       (c) Report to Congress.--The Administrator shall, within 
     one year after the date of enactment of this Act, submit to 
     Congress a report containing the results of the assessment 
     conducted under subsection (b).

     SEC. 225. CATALOGUE OF EARTH-THREATENING COMETS AND 
                   ASTEROIDS.

       (a) Requirement.--To the extent practicable, the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration, in coordination with 
     the Department of Defense and the space agencies of other 
     countries, shall identify and catalogue within 10 years the 
     orbital characteristics of all comets and asteroids that are 
     greater than 1 kilometer in diameter and are in an orbit 
     around the sun that crosses the orbit of the Earth.
       (b) Program Plan.--By February 1, 1995, the Administrator 
     shall submit to the Congress a program plan, including 
     estimated budgetary requirements for fiscal years 1996 
     through 2000, to implement subsection (a).
     TITLE III--REVISIONS TO LAND REMOTE SENSING POLICY ACT OF 1992

     SEC. 301. AMENDMENTS.

       The Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5601 
     et seq.) is amended--
       (1) by amending section 2(9) to read as follows:
       ``(9) Because Landsat data are particularly important for 
     global environmental change research, the program should be 
     managed by an integrated team consisting of the National 
     Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Oceanic 
     and Atmospheric Administration and coordinated by the Office 
     of Science and Technology Policy.'';
       (2) in sections 3(6)(A), 101 (a) and (b), 103(b), and 504, 
     by striking ``Secretary of Defense'' and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``Secretary'';
       (3) in section 3(6)(B), by striking ``Department of 
     Defense'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``Department of 
     Commerce'';
       (4) in section 101(b)(1), by striking ``, with the addition 
     of a tracking and data relay satellite communications 
     capability'';
       (5) in section 101(b)(2), by striking all after ``baseline 
     funding profile'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``for the 
     development and operational life of Landsat 7 that is 
     mutually acceptable to the agencies constituting the Landsat 
     Program Management;'';
       (6) in section 101(b), by inserting after paragraph (4) the 
     following:

     ``The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
     shall, no later than October 1, 1994, transmit the management 
     plan to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
     the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
     Science, and Transportation of the Senate.'';
       (7) in sections 101(c)(3), 202(b)(1), 501(a), and 
     502(c)(7), by striking ``section 506'' and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``section 507'';
       (8) in section 102(b)(1), by striking ``by the expected end 
     of the design life of Landsat 6'' and inserting in lieu 
     thereof ``by the predicted end of life of Landsat 5, or as 
     soon as practicable thereafter'';
       (9) in section 103(a), by striking ``section 105'' and 
     inserting in lieu thereof ``section 104'';
       (10) by adding at the end of section 103 the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(c) Implementation of Agreement.--If negotiations under 
     subsection (a) result in an agreement that the Landsat 
     Program Management determines generally achieves the goals 
     stated in subsection (a)(1) through (8), the Landsat Program 
     Management shall award an extension, until the practical 
     demise of Landsat 4 or Landsat 5, whichever occurs later, of 
     the existing contract with the Landsat 6 contractor 
     incorporating the terms of such agreement.'';
       (11) by striking section 104 and redesignating section 105 
     as section 104;
       (12) in section 201(c)--
       (A) by striking ``120 days'' and inserting in lieu thereof 
     ``90 days''; and
       (B) by amending the second sentence thereof to read as 
     follows: ``If the Secretary determines that the license 
     requested by the applicant should not be issued, the 
     Secretary shall inform the applicant within such 90-day 
     period of the reasons for such determination and the specific 
     actions required of the applicant to obtain a license.'';
       (13) in section 202(b)(6), by inserting ``, other than for 
     the sale of data generated by the system in accordance with 
     the license, that'' after ``of any agreement'';
       (14) in section 204, by striking ``may'' and inserting in 
     lieu thereof ``shall'';
       (15) by inserting at the end of title II the following new 
     section:

     ``SEC. 206. NOTIFICATION.

       ``(a) Limitations on Licensee.--Within 30 days after any 
     determination by the Secretary to require a licensee to limit 
     collection or distribution of data from a system licensed 
     pursuant to this title, the Secretary shall report to the 
     Congress the reasons for such determination, the limitations 
     imposed on the licensee, and the period during which such 
     limitations apply.
       ``(b) Termination, Modification, or Suspension.--Within 30 
     days after any action by the Secretary to seek an order of 
     injunction or other judicial determination pursuant to 
     section 203(a)(2), the Secretary shall notify the Congress of 
     such action and provide the reasons for such action.'';
       (16) in section 302--
       (A) by striking ``(a) General Rule.--''; and
       (B) by striking subsection (b); and
       (17) in section 507, by striking subsection (a) and 
     subsection (b)(1) and inserting in lieu thereof the 
     following:
       ``(a) Responsibility of Secretary of Defense.--The 
     Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Defense on all 
     matters under this Act affecting national security. Within 30 
     days after receiving a request from the Secretary, the 
     Secretary of Defense shall recommend any conditions for a 
     license issued under title II, consistent with this Act, that 
     the Secretary of Defense determines are needed to protect the 
     national security of the United States. If no such 
     recommendations have been received by the Secretary within 
     such 30-day period, the Secretary may deem activities 
     proposed in the license application to be consistent with the 
     protection of the national security of the United States.
       ``(b) Responsibility of Secretary of State.--(1) The 
     Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of State on all 
     matters under this Act affecting international obligations of 
     the United States. Within 30 days after receiving a request 
     from the Secretary, the Secretary of State shall recommend 
     any conditions for a license issued under title II, 
     consistent with this Act, that the Secretary of State 
     determines are needed to meet existing international 
     obligations of the United States. If no such recommendations 
     have been received by the Secretary within such 30-day 
     period, the Secretary may deem activities proposed in the 
     license application to be consistent with existing 
     international obligations of the United States.''.
             TITLE IV--AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

     SEC. 401. FINDINGS.

       The Congress finds that--
       (1) the United States aeronautics industry has provided a 
     major contribution to the competitiveness of the United 
     States, and has accounted for over $80,000,000,000 in annual 
     sales and over $20,000,000,000 in positive balance of trade;
       (2) the international market share of the United States 
     aeronautics industry has steadily eroded due to competition 
     from foreign consortia that receive substantial direct 
     subsidies from their governments;
       (3) the United States aeronautics industry has been 
     severely impacted by the reductions in defense spending, 
     leading to reduced levels of research and development 
     investment by industry;
       (4) the foreign policy of the United States has included 
     maintaining United States competitiveness and technology 
     leadership in areas of strategic interest, such as 
     aeronautics, but United States aeronautics has not been 
     addressed in United States foreign policy with the same 
     emphasis as United States international space endeavors;
       (5) no effective means have been developed by which the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration can accurately 
     measure the contribution of its research toward achieving 
     United States competitiveness and maintaining technological 
     leadership; and
       (6) maintaining experimental state-of-the-art facilities 
     has been a key investment to retaining United States 
     competitiveness and technological leadership, and these 
     facilities have been heavily utilized by United States 
     industry in their research and development programs.

     SEC. 402. AERONAUTICS POLICY OF THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND 
                   SPACE ADMINISTRATION.

       It is the policy of the United States that--
       (1) improving the competitive capability of the United 
     States aeronautics industry shall be a fundamental goal of 
     the aeronautical research and development programs of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
       (2) the investment in aeronautics technology by the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall be 
     closely coordinated with United States industry;
       (3) the establishment of industry-led, precompetitive 
     consortia shall be encouraged to better prioritize and 
     coordinate the industry requirements for advanced 
     technologies and facilities;
       (4) revitalizing national aeronautical facilities shall be 
     a major element of Federal investment in aeronautical 
     research and development; and
       (5) industry and government cost-sharing for facilities 
     construction and use shall be investigated to achieve 
     aeronautics research and technology goals within a 
     constrained Federal budget.

     SEC. 403. AMENDMENTS TO THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 
                   ACT OF 1958.

       (a) Technical Correction Amendment.--(1) Section 214 of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
     Act, Fiscal Year 1989 is amended by striking ``(c)'' both 
     places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof ``(d)''.
       (2) The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall be effective 
     as of the date of enactment of the Act referred to in 
     paragraph (1).
       (b) Objectives.--Section 102(d) of the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2451(d)) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (8);
       (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (9) and 
     inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
       ``(10) The economic growth, competitiveness, and 
     productivity of the Nation through close coordination with 
     industry in the conduct of innovative aeronautics technology 
     validation and technology transfer programs; and
       ``(11) The improvement of the safety, capacity, and 
     efficiency of the United States air transportation system 
     through close coordination among the agencies of the Federal 
     Government.''.

     SEC. 404. AERONAUTICAL BASIC RESEARCH INVESTMENT PLAN.

       (a) Plan.--The Administrator shall develop an aeronautical 
     basic research investment plan which--
       (1) describes the aeronautical basic research underway 
     within the United States, including a review of the status of 
     United States basic research in critical aeronautics 
     disciplines including--
       (A) aerodynamics;
       (B) propulsion;
       (C) materials and structures;
       (D) controls, guidance, and human factors; and
       (E) flight systems;
       (2) establishes goals and objectives for United States 
     aeronautical basic research to advance the critical 
     disciplines required by United States industry for such 
     research;
       (3) identifies the priorities for aeronautical basic 
     research required by industry to advance United States long-
     term competitiveness;
       (4) describes the anticipated impact of aeronautical basic 
     research on United States long-term competitiveness;
       (5) encourages the transfer of Government-developed 
     technologies to the private sector to promote economic 
     strength and competitiveness; and
       (6) identifies opportunities for aeronautical basic 
     research to be performed by minority-owned and women-owned 
     businesses within the aeronautical basic research industry.

     The Administrator shall annually update the plan, including a 
     report on progress in achieving the goals and objectives 
     identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
       (b) Independent Evaluation.--The Administrator shall submit 
     the plan developed under subsection (a), and all subsequent 
     annual updates thereto, along with appropriate programmatic 
     technical, schedule, and financial information, to the 
     National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences 
     for an independent evaluation of such plan.
       (c) Transmittal to Congress.--The Administrator shall, 
     along with the first annual budget request of the President 
     occurring more than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, transmit to the Congress the plan developed under 
     subsection (a) and the results of the independent review 
     conducted pursuant to subsection (b). Subsequent annual 
     updates to the plan and independent reviews thereof shall be 
     transmitted to the Congress along with subsequent annual 
     budget requests of the President.

     SEC. 405. ROLE OF PROCUREMENT IN TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT.

       The Administrator, in carrying out aeronautical research 
     and technology procurement, shall--
       (1) promote the advancement of state-of-the-art research 
     and technologies;
       (2) assess and procure, where appropriate, commercially 
     available technologies;
       (3) where appropriate, use performance specifications in 
     procuring technologies; and
       (4) reduce the paperwork requirements associated with 
     procurement.

     SEC. 406. AERONAUTICAL TEST FACILITIES INITIATIVE.

       (a) Strategy.--The President shall establish a strategy to 
     coordinate with domestic aeronautical companies to establish 
     the requirements of such companies and the Federal Government 
     for aeronautical test facilities. The strategy shall--
       (1) define the capabilities of aeronautical test facilities 
     required by domestic aeronautical companies and the Federal 
     Government over the next 30 years;
       (2) assess the impact to United States competitiveness over 
     the next 30 years resulting from the use of a combination of 
     domestic and foreign aeronautical test facilities by domestic 
     companies; and
       (3) identify a funding method for procuring new 
     aeronautical test facilities which includes cost sharing and 
     risk sharing with domestic aeronautical companies, and which 
     uses innovative financing schemes for the construction and 
     operation of such new facilities.
       (b) Transmittal to Congress.--The strategy established 
     under subsection (a), along with anticipated budget 
     requirements over the next 10 years associated with 
     implementing the strategy, shall be transmitted to the 
     Congress no later than 6 months after the date of enactment 
     of this Act.

     SEC. 407. JOINT AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
                   PROGRAM.

       (a) Establishment.--The Administrator and the heads of 
     other appropriate Federal agencies shall jointly establish a 
     program for the purpose of conducting research on 
     aeronautical technologies that enhance United States 
     competitiveness. Such program shall include--
       (1) research on next-generation wind tunnel and advanced 
     wind tunnel instrumentation technology;
       (2) research on advanced engine materials, engine concepts, 
     and testing of propulsion systems or components of the high-
     speed civil transport research program;
       (3) advanced general aviation research;
       (4) advanced rotorcraft research; and
       (5) advanced hypersonic aeronautical research.
       (b) Contracts and Grants.--Contracts and grants entered 
     into under the program established under subsection (a) shall 
     be administered using procedures developed jointly by the 
     Administrator and the heads of the other Federal agencies 
     involved in the program. These procedures should include an 
     integrated acquisition policy for contract and grant 
     requirements and for technical data rights that are not an 
     impediment to joint programs among the National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration, the other Federal agencies involved 
     in the program, and industry.
       (c) Elements of Program.--The program established under 
     subsection (a) shall include--
       (1) selected programs that jointly enhance public and 
     private aeronautical technology development;
       (2) an opportunity for private contractors to be involved 
     in such technology research and development; and
       (3) the transfer of Government-developed technologies to 
     the private sector to promote economic strength and 
     competitiveness.

     SEC. 408. HYPERSONIC RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

       The Administrator shall conduct a study, through an 
     organization not a part of the National Aeronautics and Space 
     Administration, of strategies that would optimize the 
     Hypersonic System Technology Program by integrating with the 
     rocket-based hypersonic fight test experiments the necessary 
     development program which would achieve a single-stage 
     hypersonic research vehicle capable of Mach 15 or greater, in 
     the shortest possible time frame. The objective of a program 
     developed under the strategies identified through such study 
     would be the development of a single stage to orbit air 
     breathing aircraft. The Administrator shall report the 
     results of the study to Congress no later than 6 months after 
     the date of enactment of this Act.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from 
California, [Mr. Brown] will be recognized for 20 minutes, and the 
gentleman from Pennsylvania, [Mr. Walker], will be recognized for 20 
minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California, [Mr. Brown].
  Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4489 represents the culmination of many hearings 
and a great deal of hard work by the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology. I want to commend Mr. Hall and Mr. Sensenbrenner of the 
Subcommittee on Space, and Mr. Valentine and Mr. Lewis of the 
Subcommittee on Technology, Environment and Aviation for developing 
this legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I introduced this bill on May 25 of this year at a time 
when the funding picture for NASA was highly uncertain. A key issue for 
the committee and Congress was whether the funding that would 
eventually be appropriated for NASA would be sufficient to sustain the 
space station program.
  Since that time, a great deal of this uncertainty has been resolved. 
Both the House and Senate Appropriations Committees have acted to 
provide NASA with funding levels which, although not as high as I would 
prefer, are sufficient to maintain balance within the space program. 
Both the House and Senate have also voted by overwhelming margins to 
continue funding for the space station.
  Notwithstanding these major achievements, there is still much left to 
be decided in providing program and policy guidance for the space and 
aeronautics programs. The bill we have brought to the floor today is 
intended to fulfill this need.
  The amendment that the committee is offering today is intended to 
focus primarily on policy. The bill contains no specific funding levels 
or spending authority. I would like to mention some notable policy 
provisions contained in the bill.
  The bill contains a provision establishing a limited exemption from 
Freedom of Information Act for jointly developed technical data having 
commercial significance. We believe this is essential in encouraging 
Government/private sector partnerships for technology development.
  The bill contains one provision establishing a university-based small 
business innovative research-type program. We would like to duplicate 
the success of the SBIR program in the university community.
  The bill contains several provisions calling for convergence of the 
NASA's operational and research satellite systems with other commercial 
and defense programs. We believe it is essential in the post cold war 
environment to encourage cost savings and efficiencies through this 
type of convergence.
  The bill requires a plan to provide access to classified data that 
could have global change significance. This is another area where our 
investments in defense can have a much broader significance.
  The bill contains a provision requiring an accounting of space 
station funds that are sent to Russia. The provision also conditions 
transfers to Russia on withdrawal of Russian troops in Baltic States. 
We view very positively the new cooperative relationship with Russia in 
the space station program but we need to recognize the financial 
systems that need to be in place during this transition period.
  A revision to the Commercial Space Transportation Act which gives the 
Secretary of Transportation authority to license reentry operations. 
This is an emerging area of space commerce which is related to the 
other authorities we have given the Transportation Secretary.
  There are many other provisions contained in the bill and I will 
include in the record a summary of these sections.
  Mr. Speaker, I intend to work with the Senate in achieving final 
passage of this bill. Last year, despite our best efforts, Congress did 
not enact an authorization bill for NASA. I believe that the lack of an 
authorization bill not only undermines the legislative system Congress 
has put in place, it leaves a vacuum in policy development that is 
unhealthy for Government agencies such as NASA.
  I will be asking my colleagues in the other body to act expeditiously 
on this bill and I hope we can achieve a speedy compromise.

            Summary of the Committee Amendment to H.R. 4489


                        section 1.--short title

       Section 1 designates this Act as the ``National Aeronautics 
     and Space Administration Authorization and Space Policy Act, 
     Fiscal Year 1995.''


                          section 2.--findings

       Section 2 sets forth four findings establishing the general 
     basis for the provisions contained in this Act.


                        section 3.--definitions

       Section 3 sets forth definitions of two terms for purposes 
     of this Act.


                title I--authorization of appropriations

                       subtitle a--authorizations

                      section 101.--authorizations

       Section 101 provides a statutory authorization for such 
     sums as may be appropriated for Human Space Flight, Science, 
     Aeronautics, and Technology, Mission Support, and Inspector 
     General for fiscal year 1995. This section also requires the 
     submission of an operating plan outlining specific funding 
     levels.


            section 102.--special provisions and limitations

       Section 102 includes special limitations for certain NASA 
     programs including:
       A requirement for matching funds for the Global 
     Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE program)
       A restriction on the extent to which small spacecraft 
     initiatives may compete with the private sector
       A provision calling for a plan to integrate U.S. and 
     Russian robotic Mars exploration missions
       A provision conferring authority to use past unobligated 
     balance for a Lewis Visitor Center


             subtitle b--limitations and special authority

              section 111.--use of funds for construction

       Section 111 provides authority for use of appropriations 
     authorized for other purposes for construction of facilities.


           section 112.--availability of appropriated amounts

       Section 112 provides that appropriations authorized under 
     subtitle A may remain available until expended.


       section 113.--reprogramming for construction of facilities

       Section 113 provides for variations in the cost of 
     construction projects above amounts appropriated; and 
     provides authority to use funds appropriated for construction 
     of facilities purposes to support construction projects 
     resulting from new developments in the national aeronautical 
     and space program.


               section 114.--consideration by committees

       Section 114 prohibits expenditures for any program for 
     which the Congress denies or does not provide funding, or for 
     any program not presented to the Congress, unless certain 
     notice and justification is submitted by the Administrator.


      section 115.--use of funds for scientific consultations or 
                         extraordinary expenses

       Section 115 authorizes up to $35,000 per fiscal year for 
     scientific consultations.


             Section 116.--voluntary Separation Incentives

       Section 116 provides for voluntary separation incentives, 
     to the maximum extent practicable, pursuant to the Federal 
     Workforce Restructuring Act of 1994.


            Section 117.--Limitation on Transfers to Russia

       Section 117 conditions transfers of funds authorized under 
     this Act to Russia on certain reporting requirements and 
     Presidential certification that actions by Russia do not 
     violate the sovereignty of any independent state of the 
     former Soviet Union.


                Section 118.--Space Station Spending Cap

       Section 118 limits expenditures for the Space Station in 
     fiscal year 1995.


 Section 119.--Consortium for International Earth Science Information 
                            Network Building

       Section 119 limits obligation of funds for construction of 
     a new facility for the Consortium for International Earth 
     Science Information Network.


               Section 120.--Limitation on Appropriations

       Section 120 limits appropriations for programs authorized 
     under this Act for any fiscal year after fiscal year 1995.


                   Title II--Miscellaneous Provisions

            Section 201.--Commercial Space Launch Amendments

       Section 201(a) amends Chapter 701 of title 49, United 
     States Code, to provide the Secretary of Transportation with 
     authority to license reentry of reentry vehicles. This 
     section also authorizes such sums as may be appropriated for 
     fiscal year 1995 to support the activities of the Office of 
     Commercial Space Transportation (OCST), and requires the 
     Secretary to submit a report on OCST regulatory activities 
     and effectiveness. Section 201(b) amends Chapter 701 of title 
     49, United States Code, to provide authority for regulations 
     establishing criteria for acceptance of license applications.


          Section 202.--Office of Space Commerce Authorization

       Section 202 provides such sums as may be appropriated for 
     the Department of Commerce Office of Space Commerce.


                 Section 203.--Use of Domestic Products

       Section 203 sets forth requirements for procurement of 
     domestic products, except to the extent the procurement 
     violates an agreement to which the United States is a party.


        Section 204.--Requirement for Independent Cost Analysis

       Section 204 requires the Chief Financial Officer to provide 
     independent cost analyses for all new projects estimated to 
     cost more than $5,000,000.


        Section 205.--Global Change Data and Information System

       Section 205 amends the Global Change Research Act to 
     provide NASA with the responsibility of developing an 
     interagency Global Change Data and Information System.


   Section 206.--Access to Classified Data for Global Change Research

       Section 206 requires the Committee on Earth and 
     Environmental Science to develop a plan for providing access 
     to classified data for global change research.


  Section 207.--National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 Amendments

       Section 207 amends the National Aeronautics and Space Act 
     of 1958 to authorize delay of unrestricted public disclosure 
     of certain technical data generated in the course of 
     developmental programs jointly funded by the Agency and 
     private sector.


    Section 208.--Comparative Analysis of United States and Foreign 
                    Expendable Space Launch Systems

       Section 208 requires NASA to conduct a study comparing 
     United States and foreign expendable launch systems.


          Section 209.--University Innovative Research Program

       Section 209 requires NASA to study the feasibility of a 
     University Innovative Research program to promote use of 
     universities to help meet NASA's research and development 
     needs and stimulate technology transfer between universities 
     and industry.


                Section 210.--Geographical Distribution

       Section 210 requires NASA to consider geographical 
     distribution of research and development funds.


Section 211.--Additional National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
                               Facilities

       Section 211 provides for selection of sites in depressed 
     communities for new programs.


                       Section 212.--Reciprocity

       Section 212 requires reciprocity where NASA contracts with 
     companies organized under foreign law.


     Section 213.--Study on TDRSS and Commercial Satellite System 
                              Convergence

       Section 213 requires NASA to conduct a study on convergence 
     of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System with 
     commercial communication satellite systems.


section 214.--study on convergence of GEOSAT and EOS Altimetry Programs

       Section 214 requires NASA to conduct a study on convergence 
     of the Earth Observing System Altimetry mission with the 
     Navy's GEOSAT Follow-On program.


         section 215.--space shuttle cost reduction initiatives

       Section 215 requires NASA to evaluate further cost savings 
     in the Space Shuttle program.


            section 216.--advanced launch technology program

       Section 216 requires a report on development of a new 
     Advanced Launch Technology Program, including availability of 
     cost savings in the Space Shuttle program as a funding 
     source.


                     section 217.--land conveyance

       Section 217 authorizes NASA to accept land for a Visitor 
     Center at the Lewis Research Center.


                       section 218.--procurement

       Section 218 establishes an expedited technology procurement 
     demonstration program within the Office of Advanced Concepts 
     and Technology, and authorizes 2 percent of funds authorized 
     for this office to be used for the procurement demonstration 
     program.


section 219.--additional national aeronautics and space administration 
                               facilities

       Section 219 provides that, prior to construction of a new 
     facility, the Administrator must determine that no other 
     federal facilities are appropriate for the intended use.


             section 220.--space station accounting report

       Section 220 requires an annual report setting forth an 
     accounting of all expenditures for the Space Station program.


              section 221.--purchase of space science data

       Section 221 requires NASA to purchase space science data 
     for the private sector, to the maximum extend possible.


 section 222.--remote sensing for agricultural and resource management

       Section 222 establishes a cooperative initiative between 
     NASA and the Department of Agriculture to make agricultural 
     information obtained through remote sensing available to 
     farmers.


 section 223.--coordination of education support for underrepresented 
                                 groups

       Section 223 directs NASA to coordinate education activities 
     with other Government agencies to maximize participation by 
     underrepresented groups.


        section 224.--space exploration opportunities assessment

       Section 224 provides for a National Academy of Science 
     study on space exploration opportunities.


   section 225.--catalogue of earth-threatening comets and asteroids

       Section 225 requires NASA, in coordination with the 
     Department of Defense and space agencies of other nations, at 
     catalogue certain asteroids and comets within the next 10 
     years.


     title iii--revisions to land remote sensing policy act of 1992

                        section 301.--amendments

       Section 301 amends the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 
     1992 to reflect a new Federal approach to management of the 
     Landsat program, and changes to the licensing regime for 
     commercial remote sensing satellites.


             title iv--aeronautics research and technology

                         section 401.--findings

       Section 401 contains six findings dealing with NASA 
     aeronautics programs.


 Section 402--aeronautics policy of the national aeronautics and space 
                             administration

       Section 402 contains five policies dealing with the scope, 
     structure, and content of the NASA aeronautics programs.


 section 403.--amendments to the national aeronautics and space act of 
                                  1958

       Section 403 amends the National Aeronautics and Space Act 
     of 1958 to emphasize that the goals of NASA shall include the 
     economic growth and competitiveness of the Nation through 
     close coordination with industry, and that NASA shall closely 
     coordinate with other agencies of the government to improve 
     the safety, capacity and efficiency of the U.S. air 
     transportation system.


       section 404.--aeronautical basic research investment plan

       Section 404 directs the Administrator to develop a plan 
     which assesses the state of U.S. aeronautical basic research, 
     establishes the goals and objectives for U.S. aeronautical 
     basic research, and identifies the impact which aeronautical 
     basic research is anticipated to have on U.S. long term 
     competitiveness. The plan shall be evaluated and updated on a 
     regular basis.


       section 405.--role of procurement in technology investment

       Section 405 directs the Administrator to carry our 
     aeronautical research and development procurement with the 
     goal for promoting technology advancement and the use of 
     commercially available technologies where appropriate.


         section 406.--aeronautical test facilities initiative

       Section 406 directs that the President establish a strategy 
     which coordinates with the domestic aeronautical companies to 
     determine the federal and commercial requirements for 
     aeronautical test facilities. This strategy includes an 
     assessment of the required test facility capabilities over 
     the next three decades, and an assessment of the impact to 
     U.S. competitiveness if domestic companies utilize a 
     combination of domestic and foreign facilities. This strategy 
     also includes identifying a funding method for new 
     aeronautical test facilities which involves risk sharing and 
     innovative financing.


   section 407.--joint aeronautical research and development program

       Section 407 directs the Administrator to work with the 
     heads of other appropriate agencies to establish a joint 
     program for the conduct of research in aeronautical 
     technologies.


              section 408.--hypersonic research initiative

       Section 408 directs the Administrator to conducts to study 
     which develops strategies that integrate the Hypersonic 
     System Technology Program with the necessary development 
     program that achieves a single stage hypersonic research 
     vehicle in the shortest possible time frame.
  Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, the bill that the Science, Space and Technology 
Committee brings to the floor today is stripped to the authorization 
numbers. There was some concern expressed by Members on my side of the 
aisle about bringing a bill that involves a large authorization to the 
floor under suspension of the rules. That is the reason why the 
committee has stripped the authorization numbers, and the funding in 
here is pursuant to appropriations. So, therefore, this is a policy 
document, not an authorization document in therms of numbers.
  Our intention in moving this bill is to pass some important policy 
provisions that will give guidance to NASA. We also hope that these 
provisions will eventually be enacted into law. I have long been 
involved in promoting commercial use of space. I believe that there is 
a need for us to find ways to involve the commercial sector in space 
activities because I believe that we are rapidly losing our ability to 
increase funding in any way, shape or form for space activities 
sponsored by the Government. So, therefore, the commercial use of space 
is the true promise of the future.
  We are not at this time only entering the initial stages of realizing 
the vast commercial potential that awaits space entrepreneurs. With the 
commercial procurement provisions in this bill, as well as others that 
were included in H.R. 2731, the Omnibus Space Commercialization Act of 
1993, I hope that we can seek to spark some interest in visionaries who 
will lead us into the 21st century and do so on money that is invested 
money rather than Government money.
  H.R. 4489 contains a procurement provision with two parts. The 
technology procurement initiative encourage NASA to develop an ongoing 
pattern of acquiring commercially available off-the-self technology. In 
other words, as we are moving ahead with our space program, what we 
ought to be doing is using as much off-the-shelf technology as possible 
to encourage commercial ventures to develop technology that then can be 
used for that and other applications.
  The Procurement Demonstration Program directs NASA to actively seek 
innovative technology concepts from the private sector that can be 
rapidly applied to the mission requirements of NASA, once again, also 
finding ways to get the commercial sector deeply involved in trying to 
help NASA move ahead. The intent of these provisions is to direct 
NASA's mindset so that the agency gets away from the idea that if it is 
not invented here, it is not good enough.

  NASA can and should be benefiting from private sector inventiveness.
  The bill also encourages NASA to buy space science data from the 
private sector. For those data sets with both scientific merit and 
commercial appeal, NASA can stimulate the growth of this market by 
attaining data faster and cheaper.
  Mr. Speaker, I certainly urge my colleagues to support passage of 
H.R. 4489 in the form that we bring it to the floor.
  I would also at this point like, if I could, to enter into a colloquy 
with the gentleman from California [Mr. Brown].
  During our committee markup of this bill, I offered an amendment to 
resolve the confusion that existed within the Landsat program 
management with respect to the meaning of section 103 of the Landsat 
Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992. The purpose of the amendment was to 
merely restate what we presumed to have occurred upon completion of the 
negotiations envisioned by this section; namely, that operations 
contract with commercial operations of Landsats 4 and 5 will be simply 
extended. Is that the understanding of the chairman?
  Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield?
  Mr. WALKER. I yield to the gentleman from California.
  Mr. BROWN of California. This gentleman will state that that is his 
understanding.
  Mr. WALKER. I would observe that it is not in the best interest of 
any of the parties, not the Government, not the user community, not the 
commercial operator and most assuredly not the taxpayer to add further 
to the indecision and disruption that has plagued this program for 
years. The amendment adopted by the committee was specifically intended 
to provide clear, unambiguous guidance to the administration that if, 
as we are informed, successful negotiations have been concluded, the 
administration should extend the existing contract.
  Is that the understanding of the chairman?
  Mr. BROWN of California. Yes.
  Mr. WALKER. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman very much.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for 
time, and I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Florida [Mr. Lewis].
  Mr. LEWIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, in both the subcommittee and full 
committee, there has been strong bipartisan support for the aeronautics 
research provisions of the bill before the House. One of the reasons 
for this support, as I and other Members pointed out, was the positive 
impact of this research on U.S. competitiveness.
  The NASA research program has produced technology which has made U.S. 
aircraft superior. However, foreign competitors are chipping away at 
our leadership. Therefore, it is more important now than ever before, 
that NASA have a strong research program in aeronautics.
  H.R. 4489 accomplishes this with: Full support for the next-
generation high speed civil transport; an increasing subsonic research 
effort that will provide near-term technological solution for improving 
existing aircraft; and a joint aeronautical research program with other 
Federal Agencies, to pull together technologies that could benefit the 
civilian sector.
  I want to thank the subcommittee chairman, Mr. Valentine, for working 
in a bipartisan manner in drafting the aeronautics provisions in H.R. 
4489.
  I also want to thank Chairman Brown and the ranking member, Mr. 
Walker, for their support of the aeronautics portion in this 
legislation.
  Mrs. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, I want to first note this year's 
historic anniversary of the first manned Lunar landing. It is an 
amazing event to contemplate--25 years ago this Nation performed 
wonders.
  But, Mr. Speaker, 25 years after the Lewis and Clark expedition, 
Conestoga wagons were moving west. And 25 years after the Wright 
Brothers' first flight, Americans were buying airline tickets. But it's 
been a generation since Aldrin and Armstrong first set spacecraft Eagle 
safely down on Lunar regolith, and we as a nation still don't seem to 
have routine access to space.
  Access to space--the ability to get to low Earth orbit frequently, 
reliably, and inexpensively--I maintain is the greatest single issue 
facing our space program today--just as it has faced our space program 
from its very inception.
  It is long overdue for this country to face up to addressing the 
problem of obtaining cheap access to space [CATS]. Inexpensive space 
access would save the Government--and the taxpayer--billions of dollars 
a year in costs, but more important, it would enable us all to do more 
in space than we can currently afford to do.
  Mr. Speaker, this past year NASA came to the realization, through in-
house technical examination, that single stage to orbit [SSTO] is 
technically feasible, and that SSTO is the preferred method to achieve 
cheap, reliable, and frequent space access. I agree. This is a position 
I have been advancing for some time now. So it is with some pride, Mr. 
Speaker, that I note that the bill we have here under consideration, 
H.R. 4489, is the first NASA authorization bill the House Science 
Committee has ever considered that has had a specific mention of SSTO 
development in it form the moment of the drafting of the bill.
  Mr. Speaker, beginnings set directions for years. Beginnings are the 
time when it is easiest to make changes in the direction and content of 
programs. This is why it has been very important to me to see that the 
contents of this bill with respect to NASA's proposed SSTO activities, 
which NASA is just now beginning to plan, are right from the start.
  Mr. Speaker, I disagreed with NASA's emphasis in its SSTO program as 
originally outlined to the Congress. It was not focused on building and 
flying an SSTO X-vehicle, but focused instead on general research. To 
change that I offered an amendment that changed the language of H.R. 
4489 to make it clear that we in Congress expect NASA SSTO monies to go 
to building a machine that will fly, not to just ``research a little, 
review a lot,'' as one of our witnesses said in a hearing on this 
subject before the Space Subcommittee. Another witness at that hearing 
quoted Yoda from the ``Star Wars'' movies: ``Either do or do not.'' And 
that is the message of this bill language. NASA should move forward to 
build and fly X-vehicle demonstrators to demonstrate SSTO 
technologies--this is not just the inauguration of a job-creating, 
money-eating research project.
  Those Members, Mr. Speaker, who would like to have a more detailed 
discussion of the course of action NASA should pursue in demonstrating 
SSTO, should read the ``Additional View'' in House Report 103-654 that 
I and several of my colleagues prepared.
  Mr. Speaker, my amendment to H.R. 4489 was the result of a compromise 
worked out between my staff and the Space Subcommittee's staff, and I 
want to thank both for their fine work. I also want to thank Mr. Brown 
of California, chairman of the House Science Committee, for supporting 
and adopting this amendment, as well as Ralph Hall for his continuing 
legacy of leadership as chairman of the Space Subcommittee. I would 
also like to thank the ranking Republican leader on the subcommittee, 
Mr. Sensenbrenner, and Mr. Walker, ranking on the full committee, for 
their perseverance in fighting for and pursuing a balanced and cogent 
national civil space effort.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of this bill by the House.
  Mr. HALL of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 4489, with 
an amendment. The bill authorizes such sums as may be appropriated for 
fiscal year 1995 for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
and for the commercial space programs of the Departments of 
Transportation and Commerce. More importantly, the bill also legislates 
important policy provisions for the guidance and implementation of 
these programs.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4489 is important legislation for the future of the 
U.S. civil and commercial space programs. It represents the hard work 
and thoughtful attention of the Members who serve so ably with me on 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. In particular, I want 
to express my thanks to our chairman, Mr. Brown, and the Ranking 
Republican member, Mr. Walker, for their leadership in the true spirit 
of bipartisanship as we shaped this bill to meet the challenges ahead. 
And I want to commend my colleagues on the Subcommittee on Space for 
their cooperation and professionalism in addressing the many very tough 
choices that had to be made this year.
  Over the past 2 years, the Subcommittee on Space conducted numerous 
hearings and performed extensive analyses on the full range of fiscal, 
programmatic and policy issues confronting the Nation's civil and 
commercial space sectors. H.R. 4489 is largely informed by these 
activities. Moreover, this body has already sanctioned a number of its 
provisions that were included in H.R. 2200, the NASA authorization bill 
for fiscal years 1994 and 1995 that the House passed about this time 
last year.
  Some of the major policy provisions contained in the amendment to 
H.R. 4489 offered today include:
  A sense of Congress that NASA should undertake cooperative science 
missions with Russia and other spacefaring nations, including Mars 
robotics missions. Greater reliance on an international approach to 
Mars exploration and other space science missions is critical in order 
to continue expanding our knowledge of the universe in an era of 
limited budgets.
  A requirement for the NASA chief financial officer to establish an 
independent cost analysis function. We believe that it is essential to 
pursue reforms in contract procurement and management activities to 
realize maximal savings to the taxpayer.
  A provision calling for an analysis of initiatives to reduce space 
shuttle operating costs. While NASA is to be commended for its progress 
in reducing annual operating costs for the shuttle program, we remain 
concerned about the impact of cost savings on safety.
  Guidance for establishment of an advanced launch technology 
development and demonstration program. This provision responds to the 
critical need to begin the important work of developing our Nation's 
next generation space transportation system.
  A requirement for NASA to catalog Earth-threatening comets and 
asteroids, in cooperation with the Department of Defense and the space 
agencies of other countries. Existing technology allows for defense of 
the Earth from an oncoming comet or asteroid, but the key is early 
detection of an impending impact.
  Revisions to the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act to provide for a new 
management and funding approach, and to facilitate more expedited 
licensing of commercial remote sensing satellites.
  These are only a sampling of the many useful and important policy 
provisions contained in this bill. I urge my colleagues to support 
suspension of the rules and passage of H.R. 4489 with an amendment.
  Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, not long ago the House voted to keep the 
space station alive for another year. That program is contained in this 
bill we are considering today, and I therefore must oppose this 
legislation.
  In the brief time since that deciding vote, a number of developments 
on the space station have come to light that I wish to share with my 
colleagues today.
  A recent General Accounting Office report details deep flaws in 
NASA's assertion that the Russian space station partnership would save 
$2 billion. In fact, the partnership is instead going to add $2 billion 
to the station's cost. This is a seriously disturbing development.
  Another development that should give us all pause in the financial 
health of the Russian space program. Few workers are being paid, and 
other signs of financial trouble are everywhere. Although the Russian 
space program continues to function, its future is in serious doubt. 
Few details are available about the exact financial straits of the 
Russian program, but a financial crisis during the space station 
construction period could be devastating to the U.S. space program as 
well.
  The Russians have proven already that cooperation between the two 
nations will not be an easy task. The schedule for scientific research 
projects has already begun slipping. Such developments, added to 
already existing doubts about this program, should cause every Member 
of Congress who supported this program to rethink his or her position.
  Mr. Speaker, I do want to credit our chairman, George Brown, and the 
Space Subcommittee Chairman, Ralph Hall, for their hard work and 
important contributions to this debate.
  It is important that we are here today to consider the authorization 
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the upcoming 
fiscal years.
  Some may wonder if, in light of the recent appropriations debate, 
whether this is a wise use of our time. I say that it is, and for very 
important reasons.
  While our colleagues on the Appropriations Committee may affect 
programs by setting spending limits, we on the authorizing committee 
have a serious responsibility to set policy.
  When we consider in particular the very tight budget limitations that 
we face, setting policy and priorities becomes even more crucial.
  Chairman Brown has exercised commendable leadership in crafting 
legislation to ensure that this committee's voice is heard in future 
space and aeronautics policy. I also want to acknowledge the 
contributions of the ranking members.
  Although my focus seems to have been only on the space station, I 
want to make clear that there are a number of priorities within the 
NASA mission that I am concerned about. The budget caps have imperiled 
important programs--such as Cassini and AXAF--that I am not willing to 
see sacrificed in order to make life easier for the space station.
  The space station, in my view, continues to absorb a disproportionate 
share of NASA funding. Although the station appears to have survived 
for another year, the funding levels will not.
  In the near future, even more tough decisions are going to be 
required in order to keep the station alive, and I will be working to 
educate our colleagues and the public about the sacrifices that must be 
made to keep the space station in existence.
  In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I want to say that this debate in some 
ways crowns a year of very hard and intense work that we have all 
participated in producing. Many people's earnest and dedicated efforts 
have brought us to this day. I especially want to thank the Science 
Committee and Space Subcommittee staff for their continued expertise, 
willingness to help, and diligence in following the issues and keeping 
us all informed.
  Although I do not support this legislation because of the space 
station provisions, I am pleased that this legislation does contain 
language I offered to limit the space station spending to the amounts 
promised by NASA and the administration. This project has a far too 
long history of major cost overruns, and it is my hope that my 
amendment adopted by the Science Committee will change this habit, at 
least.
  Mr. VALENTINE. Mr. Speaker, I wish to rise in strong support of the 
provisions within H.R. 4489, the NASA Fiscal Year 1995 Authorization 
Act, and I commend the chairman of the Science Committee for his 
leadership in bringing this measure to the Floor.
  NASA has always been known for its exploits in space, and its 
reputation lives and dies on the success or failure of its high profile 
endeavors outside the earth's atmosphere.
  However, NASA is more than a space agency, and I wish to draw 
attention in my remarks today to NASA's programs in aeronautics. NASA 
is entering a new phase in its research and development in aeronautics. 
Aeronautical research that was previously done for the aviation 
community, in the hopes that some day it might be useful, is now done 
with the aviation community, in a cooperative fashion that breaks new 
ground in the way NASA and U.S. industry conduct business. NASA 
aeronautical research is now keyed to the competitiveness of the 
aircraft and engine manufacturers, and of the airlines, while at the 
same time improving the capacity, safety, and efficiency of the 
airspace used by the flying public. As a consequence, NASA is now 
working as a partner with industry in new subsonic and high speed 
research which will result in newer and better U.S. aircraft that are 
cost competitive, safe, and durable.
  This different approach to performing and transferring research to 
the user is a significant step for a Federal agency, but it is one that 
the Congress, and the Science Committee in particular, has encouraged 
for some time. The Science Committee, under the distinguished 
leadership of my colleague, Mr. Brown of California, has emphasized the 
importance of performing science and technology in the national 
interest. The Technology, Environment, and Aviation Subcommittee, which 
I chair, has been particularly concerned about the erosion of this 
Nation's leadership in many of its greatest technological achievements, 
including aeronautics, and has emphasized the necessity to better 
orient our research priorities to improve the U.S. standard of living. 
NASA's aeronautics research will be a key to whether the U.S. civil 
aviation industry declines over the next decade or prospers.
  In this regard, H.R. 4489 makes improvement of U.S. aviation 
competitiveness a fundamental goal of NASA aeronautical research by 
amending the NASA Organic Act to add these objectives to NASA's 
aeronautical programs. It also establishes increased industry 
involvement as a fundamental practice in the development and 
coordination of NASA aeronautics programs so the benefits of its 
research dollars are rapidly delivered to the U.S. aeronautics 
community.

  As an example, NASA and the U.S. airframe industry recently announced 
a historic partnership in the next phase of the High Speed Research 
Program. By the year 2000, industry may be in the position to decide to 
spend upward of $15 billion of its own money to build the next 
generation supersonic transport aircraft. This would not be possible 
without NASA. In this effort, we are not alone. European and Asian, as 
well as U.S. manufacturers, are racing to achieve the breakthroughs 
necessary for their own aircraft to be marketed first, and we must 
protect our lead in this area through leadership in cutting edge 
aeronautics research. Although many technical, environmental, and cost 
issues remain to be solved before this aircraft ever sees the 
stratosphere, the possibilities surrounding routine supersonic 
transportation beg for a NASA-industry partnership in this effort.
  H.R. 4489 also highlights the role played by basic aeronautical 
research in U.S. competitiveness. NASA's research and technology base 
has been cut for fiscal year 1995, and in addition, experienced 
personnel are leaving through employee buyouts. This attrition may 
arguably increase NASA's efficiency, but to do so, it must be carefully 
managed and executed. These cuts have not been conducted with the same 
precision which went into defining many of the new industry-led 
initiatives, and the result may be a loss in our long-term technology 
base 5 years from now.
  Therefore, H.R. 4489 contains a provision requiring NASA to address 
the Nation's long-term aeronautical research requirements by developing 
an aeronautical basic research plan. The bill also requires NASA to 
develop a strategy for upgrading and constructing new aeronautical 
facilities, and to submit a report to Congress which includes the 
funding level, funding method, and site selection plans for two new 
wind tunnels recommended by the National Facilities Study.
  I, therefore, urge my colleagues to cast their votes for H.R. 4489, 
and I thank my colleague from Florida, Mr. Lewis, for his cooperation 
in helping to develop this legislation.
  Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, and I 
yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my 
time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Montgomery). The question is on the 
motion offered by the gentleman from California [Mr. Brown] that the 
House suspend the rules and pass the bill, H.R. 4489, as amended.
  The question was taken; and (two-thirds having voted in favor 
thereof) the rules were suspended and the bill, as amended, was passed.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

                          ____________________