[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 106 (Thursday, August 4, 1994)]
[Senate]
[Page S]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]


[Congressional Record: August 4, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

 
          DESALINIZATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 1994

  Mr. REID. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate 
proceed to the immediate consideration of Calendar No. 532, S. 617, the 
Desalinization Research and Development Act of 1994; that the committee 
amendments be agreed to, and the bill, as amended, be deemed read three 
times, passed, and the motion to reconsider be laid upon the table; and 
that any statements appear in the Record as if read.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  So the committee amendment was agreed to, as follows:
  (The parts of the bill intended to be stricken are shown in boldface 
brackets and the parts of the bill intended to be inserted are shown in 
italic.)

                                 S. 617

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Desalinization Research and 
     Development Act of [1993] 1994''.

     SEC. 2. DECLARATION OF POLICY.

       In view of the increasing shortage of usable surface and 
     ground water in many parts of the United States and the 
     world, it is the policy of the United States to perform 
     research to develop low-cost alternatives in the 
     desalinization and reuse of saline or biologically impaired 
     water to provide water of a quality suitable for 
     environmental enhancement, agricultural, industrial, 
     municipal, and other beneficial consumptive or nonconsumptive 
     uses, and to provide, through cooperative activities with 
     local sponsors, desalinization and water reuse processes or 
     facilities which provide proof-of-concept demonstrations of 
     advanced technologies for the purpose of developing and 
     conserving the water resources of this Nation and the world.

     SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

       As used in this Act--
       (1) the term ``desalinization'' means the use of any 
     process or technique for the removal and, when feasible, 
     adaptation to beneficial use, of organic and inorganic 
     elements and compounds from saline or biologically impaired 
     waters, by itself or in conjunction with other processes;
       (2) the term ``saline water'' means sea water, brackish 
     water, and other mineralized or chemically impaired water;
       (3) the term ``United States'' means the States of the 
     United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
     Puerto Rico, and the territories and possessions of the 
     United States;
       (4) the term ``usable water'' means water of a high quality 
     suitable for environmental enhancement, agricultural, 
     industrial, municipal, and other beneficial consumptive or 
     nonconsumptive uses; and
       (5) the term ``sponsor'' means any local, State, or 
     interstate agency responsible for the sale and delivery of 
     [``usable''] usable water that has the legal and financial 
     authority and capability to provide the financial and real 
     property requirements needed for a desalinization facility.

     SEC. 4. RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROGRAM.

       (a) Research and Development.--The Secretary of the 
     Interior shall have primary program management and oversight 
     for conduct of the research and development [and the 
     Desalinization Development Program] under this Act and shall 
     coordinate these activities with the Secretary of the Army.
       (b) Desalinization Development Program.--The Secretary of 
     the Interior shall jointly execute the Desalinization 
     Development Program established under section 6 with the 
     Secretary of the Army.

     SEC. 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) In General.--In order to gain basic knowledge 
     concerning the most efficient means by which usable water can 
     be produced from saline water, the Secretary of the Interior 
     and the Secretary of the Army shall conduct a basic research 
     and development program as established by this Act.
       (b) Contents of Program.--For the basic research and 
     development program, the Secretary of the Interior and the 
     Secretary of the Army shall--
       (1) conduct, encourage, and promote fundamental scientific 
     research and basic studies to develop the best and most 
     economical processes and methods for converting saline water 
     into [``usable''] usable water through research grants and 
     contracts--
       (A) to conduct research and technical development work,
       (B) to make studies in order to ascertain the optimum mix 
     of investment and operating costs,
       (C) to determine the best designs for different conditions 
     of operation, and
       (D) to investigate increasing the economic efficiency of 
     desalinization processes by using them as dual-purpose [``co-
     facilities''] co-facilities with other processes involving 
     the use of water;
       (2) engage, by competitive or noncompetitive contract or 
     any other means, necessary personnel, industrial or 
     engineering firms, Federal laboratories and other facilities, 
     and educational institutions suitable to conduct research or 
     other work;
       (3) study methods for the recovery of byproducts resulting 
     from the desalinization of water to offset the costs of 
     treatment and to reduce the environmental impact from those 
     byproducts; and
       (4) prepare a management plan for conduct of the 
     [``Research and Development Program''.] research and 
     development program established under this section.

     SEC. 6. DESALINIZATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

       (a) Program Responsibility.--The Secretary of the Interior 
     [will] shall have program responsibility for the 
     Desalinization Development Program established under this 
     section (referred to in this section as the ``Desalinization 
     Development Program'').
       (b) Design and Construction.--The Secretary of the Army and 
     the Secretary of the Interior both shall have authority to 
     design and construct facilities under [the provision of] the 
     Desalinization Development Program.
       (c) Selection of Desalinization Development Facilities.--
     Candidate facilities [must] shall be submitted by the sponsor 
     directly to the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the 
     Interior. Sponsors [will] shall submit their application for 
     the design and construction of a facility and certification 
     that they can provide the required cost sharing. Facilities 
     [will] shall be selected subject to availability of Federal 
     funds.
       (d) Cost Sharing.--
       (1) Initial cost.--The [``initial cost''] initial cost of a 
     facility shall include--
       (A) design cost,
       (B) construction cost,
       (C) lands, easements, and rights-of-way costs, and
       (D) relocation costs.
       (2) General rule.--The sponsor for a facility under the 
     Desalinization Development Program [shall]
       [(A) pay, during construction, 5 percent of the ``initial 
     cost'' of the facility, and]
       [(B) provide all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and 
     perform all related necessary relocations.]
     shall pay, during construction, at least 25 percent of the 
     initial cost of the facility, including providing all lands, 
     easements, and rights-of-way and performing all related 
     necessary relocations.
       (3) 25-percent minimum contribution.--If the value of the 
     contributions required under paragraph (2) of this subsection 
     is less than 25 percent of the [``initial cost''] initial 
     cost of the facility, the sponsor shall pay during 
     construction of the facility such additional amounts as are 
     necessary so that the total contribution of the sponsor is 
     equal to 25 percent of the [``initial cost''] initial cost of 
     the facility.
       (4) 50-percent maximum.--The sponsor share under paragraph 
     (2) shall not exceed 50 percent of the [``initial cost''] 
     initial cost of the facility.
       (e) Maximum Initial Cost.--The [``initial cost''] initial 
     cost of a facility under subsection (d)(1) may not exceed 
     $10,000,000.
       (f) Operation and Maintenance.--Operation, maintenance, 
     repair, and rehabilitation of facilities shall be the 
     responsibility of the sponsor.
       (g) Revenue.--All revenue generated from the sale of 
     [``usable water''] usable water from the facilities shall be 
     retained by the sponsors.

     SEC. 7. PARTICIPATION BY INTERESTED AGENCIES AND OTHER 
                   PERSONS.

       (a) Coordination With Other Agencies.--
       (1) In general.--Research and development activities 
     undertaken by the Secretary of the Interior under this Act 
     shall be coordinated or conducted jointly, as appropriate, 
     [with]
       (A) with the Department of Commerce, specifically with 
     respect to marketing and international competition, and
       (B) [as appropriate] with--
       (i) the Departments of Defense, Agriculture, State, Health 
     and Human [Resources] Services, and Energy,
       (ii) the Environmental Protection Agency,
       (iii) the Agency for International Development, and
       (iv) other concerned Government and private entities.
       (2) Other agencies.--Other interested agencies may furnish 
     appropriate resources to the Secretary of the Interior to 
     further the activities in which they are interested.
       (b) Availability of Research.--All research sponsored or 
     funded under authority of this Act shall be provided in such 
     manner that information, products, processes, and other 
     developments resulting from Federal expenditures or 
     authorities [will] shall (with exceptions necessary for 
     national defense and the protection of patent rights) be 
     available to the general public consistent with this Act.
       [(c) Patents and Inventions.--
       [(1) Subject to paragraph (2), section 9 (a) through (k) 
     and (m) of the Federal Nonnuclear Energy, Research and 
     Development Act of 1974 (43 U.S.C. 5908 (a) through (k) and 
     (n)) shall apply to any invention made or conceived in the 
     course of or under any contract of the Secretary of the 
     Interior pursuant to this Act, except that for the purposes 
     of this Act, the words ``Administrator'' and 
     ``Administration'' in that section shall be deemed to refer 
     to the Secretary and Department of the Interior, 
     respectively.
       [(2) Paragraph (1) shall not be construed to affect the 
     application of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
     of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) to research under this Act 
     that is performed at a Federal laboratory.]
       [(d)] (c) Relationship to Antitrust Laws.--Section 10 of 
     the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 
     1974 (42 U.S.C. 5909) shall apply to the activities of 
     individuals, corporations, and other business organizations 
     in connection with grants and contracts made by the Secretary 
     of the Interior pursuant to this Act.

     SEC. 8. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANCE.

       The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to accept 
     technical and administrative assistance from a State, public, 
     or private agency in connection with research and development 
     activities relating to desalinization of water and may enter 
     into contracts or agreements stating the purpose for which 
     the assistance is contributed and, in appropriate 
     circumstances, providing for the sharing of costs between the 
     Secretary of the Interior and such agency.

     SEC. 9. MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORITIES.

       In carrying out this Act, the Secretary of the Interior or 
     the Secretary of the Army, as appropriate, may--
       (1) make grants to educational and scientific institutions;
       (2) contract with educational and scientific institutions 
     and engineering and industrial firms;
       (3) engage, by competition or noncompetitive contract or 
     any other means, necessary personnel, industrial and 
     engineering firms and educational institutions;
       (4) use the facilities and personnel of Federal, State, 
     municipal, and private scientific laboratories;
       (5) contract for or establish and operate facilities and 
     tests to conduct research, testing, and development necessary 
     for the purposes of this Act;
       (6) acquire processes, data, inventions, patent 
     applications, patents, licenses, lands, interests in lands 
     and water, facilities, and other property by purchase, 
     license, lease, or donation;
       (7) assemble and maintain domestic and foreign scientific 
     literature and issue pertinent bibliographical data;
       (8) conduct inspections and evaluations of domestic and 
     foreign facilities and cooperate and participate in their 
     development;
       (9) conduct and participate in regional, national, and 
     international conferences relating to the desalinization of 
     water;
       (10) coordinate, correlate, and publish information which 
     will advance the development of the desalinization of water; 
     and
       (11) cooperate with Federal, State, and municipal 
     departments, agencies and instrumentalities, and with private 
     persons, firms, educational institutions, and other 
     organizations, including foreign governments, departments, 
     agencies, companies, and instrumentalities, in effectuating 
     the purposes of this Act.

     SEC. 10. DESALINIZATION CONFERENCE.

       (a) Establishment.--The President shall instruct the Agency 
     for International Development to sponsor an international 
     desalinization conference within twelve months following the 
     date of the enactment of this Act. Participants in such 
     conference should include scientists, private industry 
     experts, desalinization experts and operators, government 
     officials from the nations that use and conduct research on 
     desalinization, and those from nations that could benefit 
     from low-cost desalinization technology, particularly in the 
     developing world, and international financial institutions.
       (b) Purpose.--The conference established in subsection (a) 
     shall explore promising new technologies and methods to make 
     affordable desalinization a reality in the near term, and 
     shall further propose a research agenda and a plan of action 
     to guide longer-term development of practical desalinization 
     applications.
       (c) Funding.--Funding for the international desalinization 
     conference may come from operating or program funds of the 
     Agency for International Development[, and the]. The Agency 
     for International Development shall encourage financial and 
     other support from other nations, including those that have 
     desalinization technology and those that might benefit from 
     it.

     SEC. 11. REPORTS.

       Prior to the expiration of the twelve-month period 
     following the date of enactment of this Act, and each twelve-
     month period thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of the Army, shall prepare a 
     report to the President and Congress concerning the 
     administration of this Act. Such report shall include the 
     actions taken by the Secretary of the Interior and the 
     Secretary of the Army during the calendar year preceding the 
     calendar year in which such report is filed, and shall 
     include actions planned for the next following calendar year.

     [SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       [(a) There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for 
     fiscal year 1994, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and for 
     each of the fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, such sums as 
     may be necessary for the purposes of carrying out section 5 
     of this Act.]
       [(b) There is authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 
     over a five-year period for the purposes of section 6 of this 
     Act. Any of the funds appropriated will be made available 
     equally to the Department of the Interior or the Army Corps 
     of Engineers civil works program.]

     SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) Research and Development.--There are authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out section 5 $5,000,000 for fiscal 
     year 1995, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, and such sums as 
     may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1997 through 1999.
       (b) Desalinization Development Program.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 6 such 
     sums as may be necessary, up to a total of $50,000,000, for 
     fiscal years 1995 through 1999. Funds made available under 
     this subsection shall be made available in equal amounts to 
     the Department of the Interior and the civil works program of 
     the Army Corps of Engineers.

  So the bill (S. 617), as amended, was deemed read three times and 
passed, as follows:

                                 S. 617

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Desalinization Research and 
     Development Act of 1994''.

     SEC. 2. DECLARATION OF POLICY.

       In view of the increasing shortage of usable surface and 
     ground water in many parts of the United States and the 
     world, it is the policy of the United States to perform 
     research to develop low-cost alternatives in the 
     desalinization and reuse of saline or biologically impaired 
     water to provide water of a quality suitable for 
     environmental enhancement, agricultural, industrial, 
     municipal, and other beneficial consumptive or nonconsumptive 
     uses, and to provide, through cooperative activities with 
     local sponsors, desalinization and water reuse processes or 
     facilities which provide proof-of-concept demonstrations of 
     advanced technologies for the purpose of developing and 
     conserving the water resources of this Nation and the world.

     SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

       As used in this Act--
       (1) the term ``desalinization'' means the use of any 
     process or technique for the removal and, when feasible, 
     adaptation to beneficial use, of organic and inorganic 
     elements and compounds from saline or biologically impaired 
     waters, by itself or in conjunction with other processes;
       (2) the term ``saline water'' means sea water, brackish 
     water, and other mineralized or chemically impaired water;
       (3) the term ``United States'' means the States of the 
     United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
     Puerto Rico, and the territories and possessions of the 
     United States;
       (4) the term ``usable water'' means water of a high quality 
     suitable for environmental enhancement, agricultural, 
     industrial, municipal, and other beneficial consumptive or 
     nonconsumptive uses; and
       (5) the term ``sponsor'' means any local, State, or 
     interstate agency responsible for the sale and delivery of 
     usable water that has the legal and financial authority and 
     capability to provide the financial and real property 
     requirements needed for a desalinization facility.

     SEC. 4. RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROGRAM.

       (a) Research and Development.--The Secretary of the 
     Interior shall have primary program management and oversight 
     for conduct of the research and development under this Act 
     and shall coordinate these activities with the Secretary of 
     the Army.
       (b) Desalinization Development Program.--The Secretary of 
     the Interior shall jointly execute the Desalinization 
     Development Program established under section 6 with the 
     Secretary of the Army.

     SEC. 5. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

       (a) In General.--In order to gain basic knowledge 
     concerning the most efficient means by which usable water can 
     be produced from saline water, the Secretary of the Interior 
     and the Secretary of the Army shall conduct a basic research 
     and development program as established by this Act.
       (b) Contents of Program.--For the basic research and 
     development program, the Secretary of the Interior and the 
     Secretary of the Army shall--
       (1) conduct, encourage, and promote fundamental scientific 
     research and basic studies to develop the best and most 
     economical processes and methods for converting saline water 
     into usable water through research grants and contracts--
       (A) to conduct research and technical development work,
       (B) to make studies in order to ascertain the optimum mix 
     of investment and operating costs,
       (C) to determine the best designs for different conditions 
     of operation, and
       (D) to investigate increasing the economic efficiency of 
     desalinization processes by using them as dual-purpose co-
     facilities with other processes involving the use of water;
       (2) engage, by competitive or noncompetitive contract or 
     any other means, necessary personnel, industrial or 
     engineering firms, Federal laboratories and other facilities, 
     and educational institutions suitable to conduct research or 
     other work;
       (3) study methods for the recovery of byproducts resulting 
     from the desalinization of water to offset the costs of 
     treatment and to reduce the environmental impact from those 
     byproducts; and
       (4) prepare a management plan for conduct of the research 
     and development program established under this section.

     SEC. 6. DESALINIZATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

       (a) Program Responsibility.--The Secretary of the Interior 
     shall have program responsibility for the Desalinization 
     Development Program established under this section (referred 
     to in this section as the ``Desalinization Development 
     Program'').
       (b) Design and Construction.--The Secretary of the Army and 
     the Secretary of the Interior both shall have authority to 
     design and construct facilities under the Desalinization 
     Development Program.
       (c) Selection of Desalinization Development Facilities.--
     Candidate facilities shall be submitted by the sponsor 
     directly to the Secretary of the Army or the Secretary of the 
     Interior. Sponsors shall submit their application for the 
     design and construction of a facility and certification that 
     they can provide the required cost sharing. Facilities shall 
     be selected subject to availability of Federal funds.
       (d) Cost Sharing.--
       (1) Initial cost.--The initial cost of a facility shall 
     include--
       (A) design cost,
       (B) construction cost,
       (C) lands, easements, and rights-of-way costs, and
       (D) relocation costs.
       (2) General rule.--The sponsor for a facility under the 
     Desalinization Development Program shall pay, during 
     construction, at least 25 percent of the initial cost of the 
     facility, including providing all lands, easements, and 
     rights-of-way and performing all related necessary 
     relocations.
       (3) 25-percent minimum contribution.--If the value of the 
     contributions required under paragraph (2) of this subsection 
     is less than 25 percent of the initial cost of the facility, 
     the sponsor shall pay during construction of the facility 
     such additional amounts as are necessary so that the total 
     contribution of the sponsor is equal to 25 percent of the 
     initial cost of the facility.
       (4) 50-percent maximum.--The sponsor share under paragraph 
     (2) shall not exceed 50 percent of the initial cost of the 
     facility.
       (e) Maximum Initial Cost.--The initial cost of a facility 
     under subsection (d)(1) may not exceed $10,000,000.
       (f) Operation and Maintenance.--Operation, maintenance, 
     repair, and rehabilitation of facilities shall be the 
     responsibility of the sponsor.
       (g) Revenue.--All revenue generated from the sale of usable 
     water from the facilities shall be retained by the sponsors.

     SEC. 7. PARTICIPATION BY INTERESTED AGENCIES AND OTHER 
                   PERSONS.

       (a) Coordination With Other Agencies.--
       (1) In general.--Research and development activities 
     undertaken by the Secretary of the Interior under this Act 
     shall be coordinated or conducted jointly, as appropriate--
       (A) with the Department of Commerce, specifically with 
     respect to marketing and international competition, and
       (B) with--
       (i) the Departments of Defense, Agriculture, State, Health 
     and Human Services, and Energy,
       (ii) the Environmental Protection Agency,
       (iii) the Agency for International Development, and
       (iv) other concerned Government and private entities.
       (2) Other agencies.--Other interested agencies may furnish 
     appropriate resources to the Secretary of the Interior to 
     further the activities in which they are interested.
       (b) Availability of Research.--All research sponsored or 
     funded under authority of this Act shall be provided in such 
     manner that information, products, processes, and other 
     developments resulting from Federal expenditures or 
     authorities shall (with exceptions necessary for national 
     defense and the protection of patent rights) be available to 
     the general public consistent with this Act.
       (c) Relationship to Antitrust Laws.--Section 10 of the 
     Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 
     1974 (42 U.S.C. 5909) shall apply to the activities of 
     individuals, corporations, and other business organizations 
     in connection with grants and contracts made by the Secretary 
     of the Interior pursuant to this Act.

     SEC. 8. TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANCE.

       The Secretary of the Interior is authorized to accept 
     technical and administrative assistance from a State, public, 
     or private agency in connection with research and development 
     activities relating to desalinization of water and may enter 
     into contracts or agreements stating the purpose for which 
     the assistance is contributed and, in appropriate 
     circumstances, providing for the sharing of costs between the 
     Secretary of the Interior and such agency.

     SEC. 9. MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORITIES.

       In carrying out this Act, the Secretary of the Interior or 
     the Secretary of the Army, as appropriate, may--
       (1) make grants to educational and scientific institutions;
       (2) contract with educational and scientific institutions 
     and engineering and industrial firms;
       (3) engage, by competition or noncompetitive contract or 
     any other means, necessary personnel, industrial and 
     engineering firms and educational institutions;
       (4) use the facilities and personnel of Federal, State, 
     municipal, and private scientific laboratories;
       (5) contract for or establish and operate facilities and 
     tests to conduct research, testing, and development necessary 
     for the purposes of this Act;
       (6) acquire processes, data, inventions, patent 
     applications, patents, licenses, lands, interests in lands 
     and water, facilities, and other property by purchase, 
     license, lease, or donation;
       (7) assemble and maintain domestic and foreign scientific 
     literature and issue pertinent bibliographical data;
       (8) conduct inspections and evaluations of domestic and 
     foreign facilities and cooperate and participate in their 
     development;
       (9) conduct and participate in regional, national, and 
     international conferences relating to the desalinization of 
     water;
       (10) coordinate, correlate, and publish information which 
     will advance the development of the desalinization of water; 
     and
       (11) cooperate with Federal, State, and municipal 
     departments, agencies and instrumentalities, and with private 
     persons, firms, educational institutions, and other 
     organizations, including foreign governments, departments, 
     agencies, companies, and instrumentalities, in effectuating 
     the purposes of this Act.

     SEC. 10. DESALINIZATION CONFERENCE.

       (a) Establishment.--The President shall instruct the Agency 
     for International Development to sponsor an international 
     desalinization conference within twelve months following the 
     date of the enactment of this Act. Participants in such 
     conference should include scientists, private industry 
     experts, desalinization experts and operators, government 
     officials from the nations that use and conduct research on 
     desalinization, and those from nations that could benefit 
     from low-cost desalinization technology, particularly in the 
     developing world, and international financial institutions.
       (b) Purpose.--The conference established in subsection (a) 
     shall explore promising new technologies and methods to make 
     affordable desalinization a reality in the near term, and 
     shall further propose a research agenda and a plan of action 
     to guide longer-term development of practical desalinization 
     applications.
       (c) Funding.--Funding for the international desalinization 
     conference may come from operating or program funds of the 
     Agency for International Development. The Agency for 
     International Development shall encourage financial and other 
     support from other nations, including those that have 
     desalinization technology and those that might benefit from 
     it.

     SEC. 11. REPORTS.

       Prior to the expiration of the twelve-month period 
     following the date of enactment of this Act, and each twelve-
     month period thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, in 
     consultation with the Secretary of the Army, shall prepare a 
     report to the President and Congress concerning the 
     administration of this Act. Such report shall include the 
     actions taken by the Secretary of the Interior and the 
     Secretary of the Army during the calendar year preceding the 
     calendar year in which such report is filed, and shall 
     include actions planned for the next following calendar year.

     SEC. 12. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       (a) Research and Development.--There are authorized to be 
     appropriated to carry out section 5 $5,000,000 for fiscal 
     year 1995, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996, and such sums as 
     may be necessary for each of fiscal years 1997 through 1999.
       (b) Desalinization Development Program.--There are 
     authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 6 such 
     sums as may be necessary, up to a total of $50,000,000, for 
     fiscal years 1995 through 1999. Funds made available under 
     this subsection shall be made available in equal amounts to 
     the Department of the Interior and the civil works program of 
     the Army Corps of Engineers.

                          ____________________