[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 65 (Monday, May 23, 1994)]
[House]
[Page H]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[Congressional Record: May 23, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1995
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 431 and rule
XXIII, the Chair declares the House in the Committee of the Whole House
on the State of the Union for the further consideration of the bill
H.R. 4301.
{time} 1924
in the committee of the whole
Mr. DURBIN. The House is in the Committee of the Whole House of the
State of the Union for the further consideration of the bill (H.R.
4301) to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for military
activities of the Department of Defense, to prescribe military
personnel strengths for 1995, and for other purposes, with Mr. Durbin
in the chair.
The Clerk read the title of the bill.
The CHAIRMAN. When the Committee of the Whole rose earlier today,
amendment number 18 printed in part 1 of House Report 103-509 offered
by the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums] had been disposed of.
Pursuant to House Resolution 431, there will now be an additional
period of general debate.
The gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums] will be recognized for 30
minutes and the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. Spence] will be
recognized for 30 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums].
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, first let me announce to my colleagues how we will
proceed for the rest of the evening. We are now in general debate on
H.R. 4301, 1 hour of debate. On this side, most of the time will be
consumed in colloquies between myself and other Members on this side of
the aisle for the purposes of clarification. There may be other items
that come up in the context of the general debate.
At the end of that time, there will be discussion and debate on the
en bloc amendments. As you know, Mr. Chairman, the en bloc amendments
had two requirements: No. 1, that they be bipartisan, and, No. 2, they
be noncontroversial. This gentleman feels he can say to all of my
colleagues here with relatively safety that there will be no more votes
for the rest of the evening.
Having said that, Mr. Chairman, let me now yield such time as he may
consume to the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Hamilton], the chairman of
the Committee on Foreign Affairs, for the purpose of entering into a
colloquy with this gentleman.
Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
Mr. Chairman, I rise to engage the distinguished chairman in a
colloquy concerning several issues that relate to concerns of the
Committee on Foreign Affairs.
At the outset, I want to thank the distinguished chairman for his
cooperation on issues for which the Armed Services and Foreign Affairs
Committees share responsibility. I appreciate the time and
consideration he has devoted to these issues.
Regarding foreign disaster assistance, we have had concerns that the
Armed Services Committee language might unintentionally restrict the
administration's legal authority and practical ability to carry out
these activities. On military-to-military contacts, we have been
concerned that the Armed Services Committee language does not
explicitly recognize the appropriate role of the Department of State in
ensuring that these contacts are carried forward consistent with the
broader foreign policy objectives of the United States.
Mr. DELLUMS. If the distinguished chairman will yield,
I thank the gentleman for his concerns and for his advice and
assistance concerning these and other important issues in our bill that
related in part to foreign affairs.
Relations among the executive departments are changing as a result of
the end of the cold war and in accordance with the emerging challenges
of the post-cold-war era. These issues raise complex legislative as
well as policy considerations. The administration only recently came to
a coordinated position on these issues, in some cases too late to be
fully considered before our committee mark-up. As a result, some
imperfections may remain that we would hope to remedy as the
legislative process goes forward.
Let me turn to the specific issues that are the subject of the
amendments offered by the gentleman.
Concerning foreign disaster assistance, on the question of the
President's legal authority, Mr. Spence and I have accepted in modified
form the gentleman's amendment, so as to make clear that the President
does have authority to conduct these assistance operations with Defense
Department resources.
Regarding the practical ability of the administration to provide
assistance following foreign disasters, our language expands the
options available to the Secretary and does not make unavailable any
otherwise legal mechanism for providing resources to such an operation.
On military-to-military contacts, no one is more concerned than I to
ensure that foreign contacts by our military are conducted in support
of U.S. foreign policy objectives and with full concern for democratic
values and human rights. In practice, these programs are being
developed in an interagency process and the administration's intent is
to conduct these activities with the concurrence of the country team
led by the ambassador or chief of mission.
In discussing specific legislative language for recognizing this
inter-agency coordination, we have been concerned to develop a
consistent framework that could be applied across the range of programs
where the responsibilities of the Departments of State and Defense
overlap and to leave to the President maximum flexibility in organizing
the coordination of his international activities. We have not yet been
able to develop specific language that is acceptable to the all parties
concerned. I am committed to further consultations with the gentleman
as we go forward in the legislative process on this issue.
Mr. HAMILTON. I am grateful to the gentleman for his statement on
these points. These are important areas. They present complex
legislative issues. I would hope that we can continue to consult and
continue our constructive work on the whole range of issues on which
the concerns of our two committees overlap. My intention is to ensure
that the Secretary of State has the opportunity to provide foreign
policy guidance in coordinating these activities.
At this time I would like to rasie a question concerning the counter-
proliferation activities provided for by your committee. These
activities include specialized Defense Department assistance to the U.N
Special Commission that has supervised the dismantlement of Iraq's
weapons and to the International Atomic Energy Agency. These are
crucially important activities. Will this assistance be adequately
supported within the larger set of counter-proliferation activities to
be conducted in the Department of Defense?
Mr. DELLUMS. I thank the distinguished chairman for his inquiry.
UNSCOM and the IAEA are indeed very important to preventing the further
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and to the future safety
of our troops as well as our citizens and our allies. The Defense
Department provides important technical support to the activities of
these organizations. Together with operational support from other
Defense Department accounts, I want to tell the gentleman that I expect
and will work to assure that the needs of UNSCOM and the IAEA for
specialized DOD support will be fully met within the program provided
for in the bill as it now stands.
Mr. HAMILTON. I thank the gentleman for the clarification.
{time} 1930
Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?
Mr. DELLUMS. I yield to the gentleman from North Dakota.
Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Chairman, in April, seven colleagues and I wrote to
you to express our serious concern that the number of long-range
bombers contained in the fiscal year 1995 defense budget is inadequate
to support requirements for two major regional contingencies.
Specifically, we are troubled by the dramatic cut in our most capable
and our only battle-tested bomber--the B-52H--to just 40 operational
aircraft.
Mr. Chairman, I understand that the committee responded to the
shortfall in funding for long-range bombers by creating a Bomber Force
Upgrade Fund [B-FUP]. Is it correct that the funds provided in the B-
FUP may be used to retain B-52's in the active force instead of placing
them in attrition reserve status, as proposed in the administration's
budget?
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman is correct that B-FUP funds
may be used to keep B-52's in the active force. The funds may also be
used to keep B-1's out of attrition reserve and to accelerate the
conventional modifications on the B-1.
It is entirely consistent with the intent of the committee for the
Air Force to use the B-FUP funds to retain in the active force, those
B-52's that the administration has scheduled to go into attrition
reserve status.
Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Chairman, if the gentleman will continue to yield, I
appreciate the gentleman's explanation.
I would like to commend the gentleman for responding to the serious
concerns raised by many members of this body that the number of bombers
assumed in the President's budget is inadequate. The B-FUP, by
utilizing existing assets, is a cost-effective way to provide the
necessary forces to meet our national military requirements.
Finally, let me say that I believe it makes good military and
economic sense to continue to maintain and operate the proven and paid-
for capabilities of the B-52. I am very pleased that the committee
created the B-FUP so that additional B-52's may be kept in the defense
force structure.
I thank the gentleman for yielding to me for this colloquy. I
strongly support the B-FUP provision, and I strongly support this bill.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from
Arizona [Mr. Kyl], a very valuable member of our committee.
Mr. KYL. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from yielding time to
me.
Mr. Chairman, I submitted an amendment to the Committee on Rules
expressing the sense of Congress that the President should not initiate
any military action directed against the mainland of Haiti, unless the
President first certifies to the Congress that Haiti represents a clear
and present danger to the citizens of the United States or United
States interests.
The essence of my amendment was adopted as part of both the Goss
amendment and the Dellums-Hamilton amendment. I appreciate my
colleagues on both sides of the aisle recognizing the importance of
incorporating the amendment into each of their respective amendments. I
thank specifically the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums], the
gentleman from Florida [Mr. Goss], and the gentleman from Indiana [Mr.
Hamilton].
Mr. Chairman, the United States has no business sending military
forces to Haiti. United States policy toward Haiti since Aristide's
ouster in September of 1991 has been uneven and unsuccessful but
military force is not the answer.
The embargo imposed by the United Nations and supported by the
Clinton administration does nothing except to choke the innocent
citizens of Haiti. It certainly does not do anything to stop the
military.
Monday's Washington Times carried an article describing how smugglers
make a mockery of the toughened U.N. Embargo on Haiti, shipping
hundreds of gallons of gasoline and diesel oil from the Dominican
Republic.
Meanwhile, Haitian children rely on CARE's distribution of soy meal
and wheat for their daily ration. Most go to sleep crying from hunger.
A consistent, strong policy toward Haiti and a strong policy of
governing emigration from Haiti is urgently needed. To this end, I
personally support Senator Bob Dole's proposal to establish a
bipartisan fact-finding commission to review United States policy
options in Haiti. We must support economic and political reform. What
is not needed is military intervention, whether it is led by the United
States or the United Nations.
Haiti has been suffering from political violence, civil war, human
rights violations, and poverty for most of its 190 years of
independence. This is not a matter that can be resolved by a quick and
temporary deployment of United States forces.
The governments of Cuba, Brazil, Peru, Mexico, Uruguay, Ecuador, all
within the Western hemisphere, oppose military action. Even friends of
Haiti--Canada, France, and Venezuela--oppose military action.
Mr. Chairman, there are six key questions that must be satisfactorily
answered before considering force.
Is Haiti vital to United States national interests or does it
represent a threat to regional security? The answer is ``no''.
Have all options, other than force, been considered and exhausted?
No.
Is there a clear commitment to achieving victory? We must assume the
answer to this question would be ``yes''.
Are there clearly defined political and military objections? I would
submit the answer to this question is ``no''.
Do the American people support the action? No.
And finally, will American troops be able to extricate themselves
from the situation? Is there a clear end to United States involvement
in Haiti? I submit the answer to that question, Mr. Chairman, is ``not
likely''.
One out of six is not enough. We should not take military action
regardless of how else we might work on this unfortunate situation in
the future.
I am gratified that the House will have expressed its sense on this
matter.
Mr. Chairman, I include for the Record the following article:
And After We Invade Haiti? What Then, Mr. President?
(By Elliott Abrams)
President Clinton's last opportunity to stop an invasion of
Haiti will come in the next few weeks. This intervention
would be the largest, but assuredly not the last, blunder
made as part of a policy that has been mishandled by the last
two administrations.
Under both administrations, U.S. policy toward Haiti has
had the virtue of consistency. Its vice has been that, while
carefully designed to meet political realities in this
country, it has ignored those in Haiti. The utterly
predictable effect of our embargo--hunger for the masses,
riches for the military elite involved in smuggling--was
disregarded. Jean-Bertrand Aristide's undemocratic behavior
while serving as president--which included fostering violence
against his opponents--has been swept under the rug in
Washington, although it is well remembered in Port-au-Prince.
The Haitian Parliament, chosen in the same free election as
Mr. Aristide, has been treated with contempt by the U.S.,
rather than as Haiti's only remaining democratic institution.
U.S. policy has equated Mr. Aristide's return with the
achievement of human rights and democracy in Haiti. However,
many Haitian parliamentarians, some of them with better
democratic credentials than Mr. Aristide's, see him as a
threat to liberty and may constitutionally separate him from
his office. The gap between Washington politics and Haitian
reality has left things stalled for over a year and a half.
Until now. What has changed in recent weeks is the domestic
political calculus regarding Haiti. The Black Caucus, civil
rights groups, and a broad coalition of the left (including
the requisite Hollywood contingent) have decided to attack
the refugee policy head on. They have called it
unconscionable and racist, and Randall Robinson, the
influential head of TransAfrica, has now been hospitalized
due to his hunger strike to force a policy change.
Mr. Clinton, ever sensitive to political pressure
(especially from his party's left) has buckled. He has thrown
the State Department's Haiti coordinator, Lawrence Pezzulo,
over the side, despite the fact that the career diplomat's
only offense was to carry out Clinton policy. Haitian policy
making has since been centralized in the White House, as
befits an issue seen as domestic politics rather than State
Department business.
Shortly after the administration announced a policy review,
it allowed a boat carrying Haitians to land in Florida--
carefully saying this was an exception, not a policy change.
But then in remarks to the press, the president lauded Mr.
Robinson's campaign against his own policy. In his press
conference Wednesday, the president rattled his saber at the
Haitian military, while press reports yesterday said the
administration remains deeply divided about using force in
Haiti. Clearly the Haiti policy is out of control.
What are Mr. Clinton's options now? Domestic political
pressure will soon make it impossible to bottle up Haitians
in a country whose economy we are deliberately destroying.
Yet in Florida (with 25 congressional seats plus one senate
seat up for grabe in November, and 27 electoral votes in
1996) there is no desire to see hundreds of thousands of
Haitians arrive overnight. Domestic U.S. politics will likely
prevent Haitians from getting unrestricted access to U.S.
soil.
The only way Mr. Clinton may be able to square the circle
is to restore Mr. Aristide and declare that Haiti is no
longer a repressive dictatorship. With Mr. Aristide in place
and the foreign aid flowing, the American left will get off
the president's back, and mass migration can be prevented in
good conscience.
Thus, the intervention no one in the Clinton administration
wanted a year ago is becoming increasingly likely. And
Clinton aides may feel that if this military action will
answer the charges--after Somalia and Bosnia--that the
administration won't ever use force and is indecisive, so
much the better.
And make no mistake: For a few months, it will seem like a
great Clinton victory. Mr. Aristide's return probably will be
greeted by dancing in the streets, and the CNN images will
delight the White House. But when the dancing is over, this
intervention will become as troublesome as the one in
Somalia. Opponents of invasion in the State Department and
the Pentagon are asking preparatory questions:
When will the troops be withdrawn? When Haiti becomes
democratic? What if that takes 10 years? Should our soldiers
act as Mr. Aristide's bodyguards? And what if Mr. Aristide
misbehaves, jailing opponents or advocating violence against
them, as he once did? Will the administration that put him
back in power then take him out? As in Somalia, intervening
is easy; it is getting out that will be hard.
The worst mistake we could make would be to tie an
intervention in Haiti to restoring power to Mr. Aristide.
That would require the complete destruction of all
institutions of power in Haiti that now reject him (including
the Parliament) and then the systematic building up again of
all these institutions around just one, destabilizing figure.
If we intervene, our goal should be to build and strengthen
the weak institutions that now exist--the Roman Catholic
Church, the labor unions, small business, the Parliament and
political parties--not to sweep them all aside so that Mr.
Aristide can rule by fiat. Otherwise, we can occupy Haiti for
19 years, as we did from 1915 to 1934, without achieving
significant political progress.
There is still time to avoid an invasion that will make the
U.S. responsible for the fate of this hemisphere's poorest
nation. George Bush has publicly recognized the folly of
equating Mr. Aristide with democracy and giving him veto
power over U.S. policy. Jimmy Carter has acknowledged that
Mr. Aristide's refusal to compromise has made a negotiated
solution much harder. It's time for Bill Clinton to join the
club.
Sending U.S. soldiers into Haiti as Mr. Aristide's private
army would be a terrible mistake. U.S. policy should no
longer be based on Mr. Aristide. We should instead help forge
a multiparty coalition government that could rule for a year
until the next scheduled presidential election in Haiti.
Lifting the embargo and increasing humanitarian aid would
also be a way for us to start helping the economy we have
ruined. These steps should form the basis of U.S. policy in
Haiti. American soldiers should not be used to solve Mr.
Aristide's problems--or Bill Clinton's.
{time} 1940
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I yield to my distinguished colleague, the gentleman
from Texas [Mr. de la Garza], chair of the Committee on Agriculture.
Mr. de la GARZA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished gentleman
for yielding to me.
Mr. Chairman, I take the time for the purpose that I would like to
verify that the committee recommended $4.5 million of the additional
$13.5 million in the Army's environmental quality technology line for a
continuation of the joint Department of Defense-Department of
Agriculture program, and biotechnology.
Mr. DELLUMS. The gentleman is correct.
Mr. de la GARZA. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished gentleman
for clarifying this for us.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the distinguished gentleman
from Guam [Mr. Underwood] for the purpose of engaging the Chair in a
colloquy.
Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman from California
[Mr. Dellums] for yielding to me.
Mr. Chairman, I wish to engage the distinguished chairman in a
colloquy. H.R. 4031, as reported by the Committee on Armed Services,
contains a provision regarding the transportation of veterans' remains
on military aircraft. I wish to clarify that the word ``veteran'' also
refers to military retirees.
The committee is addressing a problem that arises when ill veterans
or retirees are flown, via military or military contract flights with
commercial carriers, to distant hospitals. If the individual dies at
that hospital, his or her family must pay to have the body shipped back
home. The committee's provision is designed to allow the family to ship
the body home on military aircraft, on a space-available basis.
Mr. Chairman, this problem is not limited to veterans but includes
military retirees. It is the intent of this language to make sure that
the families of veterans and retirees are not forced to pay more for
transportation when their family member dies as opposed to when he or
she lives.
Mr. DELLUMS. The gentleman is absolutely correct.
Mr. UNDERWOOD. I thank the gentleman for the clarification, Mr.
Chairman. This is welcome news for veterans and retirees from Guam, who
are medivaced from Guam Naval Hospital to Tripler in Hawaii on a
regular basis.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, it is a pleasure to work with the
gentleman and make this clarification.
Mr. Chairman, it is my distinct pleasure to yield 2 minutes to my
distinguished colleague, the gentlewoman from Ohio [Ms. Kaptur].
Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me.
Mr. Chairman, I wanted to rise in appreciation this evening to the
chairman of the committee, the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums],
and the ranking member, the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. Spence],
for incorporating in the legislation an amendment to accelerate
research and development for strategic metals and alloys, and to put
our country on a path to integrate the defense and commercial
applications of some of America's most critical strategic metals and
alloys.
As a member of the executive committee of the Steel Caucus, we know
that so much of America's real strength has been eroded over the years,
and with defense downsizing occurring, we have to pay particular
attention to those, both materials as well as production technologies,
that can help both ensure a future defense base for this country in the
event that it is needed, but also to help it stay alive by
transitioning it into the commercial marketplace.
We know that so many of these metals and alloys are materials
indispensable to the national security of our Nation. For example, one
of the metals we are talking about is used in the guidance system of
every strategic weapon that this Nation has in its arsenal. It is used
in the most advanced infrared and other major optical systems, and has
the unique chemical characteristics that it is 98 percent reflective.
It is used in most classified satellites, and the reflectors of most
test reactors. In fact, there is no substitute that in any way comes
close to this particular metal.
We know, Mr. Chairman, that because of the significant cutbacks in
defense, many of these capabilities are in very real danger of being
lost completely, this country being placed in the position of having to
go to places like mainland China or Kazakhstan to provide this
production capability in the future.
Mr. Chairman, I want to thank the chairman for his leadership in this
area, and express our continued interest in working with him and
members of the committee to make sure that we have the ability in this
country to process critical materials, to develop the next generation
of defense applications, we pray to God they will not be needed, and to
safeguard our supply of critical materials to prevent our dependence on
foreign suppliers.
Mr. Chairman, I just want to thank the chairman of the committee for
his leadership on dual use, especially in the strategic metals area,
and I appreciate working with the ranking Republican member and the
entire staff. They have just been wonderful.
Mrs. MALONEY. Mr. Chairman, I rise in opposition to the rule for the
Defense Department authorization bill--and I do so reluctantly but with
deep conviction.
I had hoped to support the rule enthusiastically, because I hoped it
would include the opportunity for me to offer an amendment to save the
taxpayers $2.5 million a year for a program that is no longer needed or
wanted--the Civilian Marksmanship Program conducted by the National
Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice.
This useless boondoggle originated at the time of the Spanish-
American War and in the present era no longer has any military value.
Last year, I was denied the chance to kill this outdated and wasteful
program in the authorization bill because I was denied a rule, and so I
offered an amendment to the appropriations bill. At that time, 190 of
my colleagues voted their agreement that this program should be ended.
At that point, I introduced a free-standing bill, to which the Office
of Management and Budget and the Defense Department offer no objection.
In comment on my bill, the Defense Department general counsel
specifically noted that this program has ``no formally recognized link
to the combat readiness of military units. In an era of declining
resources, programs which do not contribute directly to the primary
mission of our military departments must be reduced or terminated.''
This program is an example of ways we should be reducing the deficit,
and my vote against the rule is a protest against permitting this
program to continue when the Defense Department itself agrees that it
has no value.
Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Chairman, I have no further requests for time, and I
yield back the balance of my time.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentlewoman for her remarks.
Mr. Chairman, I have no further requests for time, and I yield back
the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House Resolution 431, no further amendment
to the committee amendment in the nature of a substitute is in order
except the amendments printed in House Report 103-520 or part 1 of
House Report 103-509 and amendments en bloc described in section 4 of
House Resolution 431.
Except as specified in section 3, 4 or 5 of House Resolution 431 or
unless otherwise specified in the report, the amendments shall be
considered in the order printed, may be offered only by a Member
designated in the report, shall be considered as read, shall not be
subject to amendment or to a demand for a division of the question, and
shall be debatable for 10 minutes, equally divided and controlled by
the proponent and an opponent of the amendment, except that pro forma
amendments for the purpose of debate may be offered by the Chairman and
ranking member of the Committee on Armed Services.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on
amendments printed in part 1 of House Report 103-520 or part 1 of House
Report 103-509, it shall be in order to consider the amendment printed
in part 2 of House Report 103-520.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on the
amendment printed in part 2 of House Report 103-520, there shall be an
additional period of general debate which shall be confined to the
subject of Bosnia and Herzegovina and shall not exceed 30 minutes,
equally divided and controlled by the chairman and ranking minority
member of the Committee on Armed Services.
It shall then be in order to consider the amendments printed in part
3 of that report. If more than one of the amendments printed in part 3
of that report is adopted, only the last to be adopted shall be
considered as finally adopted and reported to the House.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on the
amendment printed in part 3 of House Report 103-520, there shall be an
additional period of general debate which shall be confined to the
subject of Haiti and shall not exceed 30 minutes, equally divided and
controlled by the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee
on Armed Services.
It shall then be in order to consider the amendments printed in part
4 of that report.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on the
amendments printed in part 4 of the report, it shall be in order to
consider the amendment printed in part 5 of the report.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on the
amendment printed in part 5 of the report, there shall be an additional
period of general debate which shall be confined to the C-17 aircraft
and shall not exceed 60 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the
chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on Armed
Services.
It shall then be in order to consider the amendments printed in part
6 of the report.
After disposition of or postponement of further proceedings on the
amendments printed in part 6 of the report, it shall be in order to
consider any amendment printed in part 1 of House Report 103-520 or in
part 1 of House Report 103-509 not previously considered.
It shall be in order at any time for the chairman of the Committee on
Armed Services or his designee to offer amendments en bloc consisting
of amendments printed in part 1 of House Report 103-520 or part 1 of
House Report 103-509 or germane modifications of any such amendment.
Amendments en bloc shall be considered as read, except that
modifications shall be reported, shall be debatable for 20 minutes,
equally divided and controlled by the chairman and ranking minority
member of the Committee on Armed Services, shall not be subject to
amendment and shall not be subject to a demand for a division of the
question.
The original proponent of an amendment included in amendments en bloc
may insert a statement in the Congressional Record immediately before
disposition of the amendments en bloc.
The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole may postpone until a time
during further consideration in the Committee of the Whole a request
for a recorded vote on any amendment made in order by the resolution.
The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole may reduce to not less
than 5 minutes the time for voting by electronic device on any
postponed question that immediately follows another vote by electronic
device without intervening business, provided that the time for voting
by electronic device on the first in any series of questions shall not
be less than 15 minutes.
The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole may recognize for
consideration of amendments made in order by the resolution out of the
order in which they are printed, but not sooner than 1 hour after the
chairman of the Committee on Armed Services announces from the floor a
request to that effect.
amendments en bloc offered by mr. dellums
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, pursuant to section 4 of House Resolution
431, I offer amendments en bloc consisting of amendments No. 1, as
modified; 4, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, as modified; 22, 24, 25, 26, 27,
28, as modified; 30, 39 41, as modified; 43, as modified; 45, 57, as
modified; printed in part 1 of House Report 103-520; and amendment No.
11 as printed in part 1 of House Report 103-509.
The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will designate the amendments en bloc.
The text of the amendments en bloc is as follows:
Amendments en bloc offered by Mr. Dellums:
Amendment offered by Mr. Kasich, as modified: At the end of
title X (page 277, after line 2), insert the following new
section:
SEC. . REPORT ON MILITARY READINESS IMPLICATIONS OF BOSNIA
PEACEKEEPING DEPLOYMENT.
(a) Report.--(1) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to
the congressional defense committees a report assessing the
implications for United States military readiness of the
participation of United States ground combat forces in
peacekeeping operations within Bosnia-Hercegovina.
(2) The report shall be submitted not later than 90 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act or 30 days
following the deployment of United States ground forces to
Bosnia-Hercegovina, whichever occurs sooner.
(b) Matters To Be Included.--The report under subsection
(a) shall include the following:
(1) An estimate of the total number of forces required to
carry out such an operation, including forces required for a
rotation base.
(2) An estimate of the expected duration of such an
operation.
(3) An estimate of the cost of such an operation, together
with an explanation of how the Secretary proposes to provide
funds for such an operation and an assessment of how such
proposed funding plan would affect overall military
readiness.
(4) An assessment of the effect such an operation would
have on the ability of the United States Armed Forces to
execute successfully the two nearly-simultaneous major
regional conflict strategy articulated in the Bottom-Up
Review.
(5) An assessment of how readily forces participating in
such an operation could be redeployed to a major regional
conflict, including an analysis of the availability of
strategic lift, the likely condition of equipment, and the
extent of retraining necessary to facilitate such a
redeployment.
(6) An assessment of the effect such an operation would
have on the general combat readiness and deployability of
combat units designated to be part of the contingency force,
including the extent to which contingency force combat units
would support the initial deployment and subsequent
rotations.
(7) An assessment of the effect such an operation would
have on the general combat readiness and deployability of
combat units not designated to be part of the contingency
force, including the extent to which non-contingency force
combat units would support the initial deployment and
subsequent rotations.
(8) For the initial deployment and subsequent rotations,
and assessment of the number and type of combat support and
combat service support units required from active forces,
including how many of such units are designated to support
the deployment of the contingency force.
(9) An assessment of the degree to which such an operation
would require the use of reserve component units and
personnel and the use and timing of involuntary Selected
Reserve call-up authority as provided by section 673b of
title 10, United States Code.
(10) An assessment of the anticipated cost of equipment
refurbishment resulting from such an operation.
(11) An assessment of how the increased operational tempo
associated with such an operation would affect the mission
capable readiness rates and overall health of both strategic
and theater airlift assets.
(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
(1) The term ``contingency force'' includes--
(A) The set of four or five Army divisions that is
designated as the Army contingency force by the Secretary of
the Army, as well as Army active duty and reserve component
combat, combat support, and combat service support units
designated to respond to a regional conflict within the first
75 days of such conflict; and
(B) Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps active duty and
reserve component combat, combat support, and combat service
support units designated to respond to a regional conflict
within the first 75 days of such conflict.
(2) The term ``Bottom-Up Review'' means the October 1993
Department of Defense report entitled ``Report on the Bottom-
Up Review''.
(d) Classification of Report.-- The report required by
subsection (a) shall be submitted in unclassified form and,
if necessary, in classified form.
____
Amendment offered by Mrs. Schroeder: At the end of subtitle
C of title XI (page 307, after line 11), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 1135. ADMINISTRATION AND FUNDING OF DEFENSE
DIVERSIFICATION PROGRAM AND DEFENSE CONVERSION
ADJUSTMENT PROGRAM UNDER JOB TRAINING
PARTNERSHIP ACT.
(a) Defense Diversification Program.--Section 325A of the
Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1662d-1) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking out ``From the amount''
and all that follows through ``Labor,'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``From funds made available to carry out this
section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of
Defense,'';
(2) in subsections (c), (d), (e), (i), (k)(2), (l), and
(m), by striking out ``Secretary of Defense'' each place it
appears and inserting in lieu thereof ``Secretary'';
(3) in subsection (d)(1)(A), by striking out ``in
consultation with the Secretary of Labor,'';
(4) in the heading of subsection (e), by striking out ``by
Secretary of Defense'';
(5) in subsection (k)(1), by striking out ``Secretary of
Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor,'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``Secretary, in consultation with
the Secretary of Defense,''; and
(6) in subsection (n), by striking out ``Secretary of
Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor,'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``Secretary, in consultation with
the Secretary of Defense,''.
(b) Defense Conversion Adjustment Program.--Section 325(a)
of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1662d(a)) is
amended by striking out ``From the amount appropriated
pursuant to section 4203 of the Defense Economic Adjustment,
Diversification, Conversion, and Stabilization Act of 1990,''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``From funds made available to
carry out this section,''.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. McCollum: At the end of title X
(page 277, after line 2), insert the following new section:
SEC. . REPORT ON LESSONS LEARNED FROM UNITED STATES
ACTIVITIES IN SOMALIA.
(a) Report.--The Secretary of Defense shall submit to
Congress a report on the lessons learned from the United
States participation in United Nations activities in Somalia.
(b) Matters To Be Included.--The report shall--
(1) specifically describe the availability of intelligence
on forces of other nations and of indiginous forces operating
in Somalia before, during, and after the insertion of United
States forces; and
(2) set forth a complete review of any intelligence
failures, any equipment failures, and any equipment
unavailability in the theater.
(c) Submission of Report.--The report shall be submitted
not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Bilbray: At the end of subtitle B
of title VIII insert the following new section:
SEC. 859. EXTENSION OF TEST PROGRAM FOR NEGOTIATION OF
COMPREHENSIVE SMALL BUSINESS SUBCONTRACTING
PLANS.
Section 834(e) of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (Public Law 101-189; 15 U.S.C.
637 note) is amended by striking out ``September 30, 1994.''
in the second sentence and inserting in lieu thereof
``September 30, 1997.''.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Dellums: At the end of subtitle C
of title II (page 46, after line 4), insert the following new
section:
SEC. 236. COMPLIANCE WITH THE ARM TREATY.
(a) Limitation.--Funds appropriated to the Department of
Defense for fiscal year 1995, or otherwise made available to
the Department of Defense from any funds appropriated for
fiscal year 1995 or for any fiscal year before 1995, may not
be obligated or expended--
(1) for any development or testing of anti-ballistic
missile systems or components except for development and
testing consistent with the interpretation of the ABM Treaty
set forth in the enclosure to the July 13, 1993, ACDA letter;
or
(2) for the acquisition of any material or equipment
(including long lead materials, components, piece parts, or
test equipment, or any modified space launch vehicle)
required or to be used for the development or testing of
anti-ballistic missile systems, or components, except for
material or equipment required for development or testing
consistent with the interpretation of the ABM Treaty set
forth in the enclosure to the July 13, 1993, ACDA letter.
(b) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) The term ``July 13, 1993, ACDA letter'' means the
letter dated July 13, 1993, from the Acting Director of the
Arms Control and Disarmament Agency to the chairman of the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate relating to the
correct interpretation of the ABM Treaty and accompanied by
an enclosure setting forth such interpretation.
(2) The term ``ABM Treaty'' means the Treaty between the
United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missiles,
signed in Moscow on May 26, 1972.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Dellums: At the end of title V
(page 172, after line 22), insert the following new section:
SEC. . SURVEY ON THE STATE OF RACE AND ETHNIC ISSUES IN THE
MILITARY.
(a) Requirement for Survey.--The Secretary of Defense,
acting through the Armed Forces Survey on Race/Ethnic Issues,
shall carry out a biennial survey to measure the state of
racial and ethnic issues and discrimination among active-duty
military personnel. The survey shall solicit information on
the race relations climate in the services, including--
(1) indicators of positive and negative trends of relations
between all racial and ethnic groups; and
(2) the effectiveness of Department of Defense policies
designed to improve race and ethnic relations; and
(3) the effectiveness of current complaints and
investigations processes.
(b) Report to Congress.--The Secretary shall submit to
Congress the results from the first survey under subsection
(a) not later than February 15, 1995, and report the results
of future surveys biennially, thereafter.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Derrick: At the end of subtitle C
of title XXXI (page 409, after line 2), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 3141. INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR APPLIED RESEARCH.
(a) Establishment.--(1) The Secretary of Energy shall
establish an International Center for Applied Research to
promote the following activities:
(A) The application in the United States of hydrogen
technology research derived from tritium production.
(B) The development of beneficial uses of nuclear
materials.
(C) The research and development of innovative methods for
the treatment and disposal of nuclear materials.
(D) The development of specifications for the
decommissioning of nuclear materials.
(E) The research and development of any technologies that
the Secretary considers appropriate and that are likely to be
commercialized.
(2) The Center shall be established at a Department of
Energy nuclear weapon production facility at which the
Secretary has successfully demonstrated environmental
technologies as part of the Integrated Demonstration of
Volatile Organic Compounds Program conducted by the
Secretary.
(3) The Center shall be operated by a nonprofit entity
established by State statute to accomplish economic
development through applied science and technology that, as
determined by the Secretary--
(A) has demonstrated successful management of diverse teams
of organizations who have technical experience in industrial
research and development of high technology programs; and
(B) has available facilities adjacent to the Department of
Energy nuclear weapon production facility to carry out the
activities of the Center.
(b) Availability of Funds.--Of amounts authorized to be
appropriated in section 3101(c), $12,000,000 shall be
available to establish the Center referred to in subsection
(a).
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Derrick; At the end of subtitle C
of title XXXI (page 409, after line 2), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 3141. LIMITATION OF STUDY OR RELOCATION OF TRITIUM-
RELATED ACTIVITIES AND OPERATIONS.
None of the funds appropriated or other wise made available
to the Department of Energy for fiscal year 1995 pursuant to
this title may be used to study or relocate tritium-related
activities and operations from the Mound Plant, Ohio, to a
facility other than a weapons production facility having
demonstrated tritium production and handling experience as
recommended by the Department's independent consultants that
reviewed the ``Nonnuclear Reconfiguration Cost Effectiveness
Report'' of January 1993.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Bateman of Virginia, as modified:
At the end of title VIII (page 246, after line 23), insert
the following new section:
SEC. 873. SHIPBUILDING CLAIMS.
(a) Increase in Time Period During Which Adjustments to
Shipbuilding Claims May Be Made.--Section 2405 of title 10,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking out ``18 months'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``six years''; and
(2) by striking out subsection (c).
(b) Effecitve Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a)
shall apply only with respect to contracts entered into after
the date of the enactment of this Act.
____
Amendment offered by Ms. English of Arizona: At the end of
subtitle D of title XXVII (page 366, after line 24), insert
the following new section:
SEC. . TRANSFER OF JURISDICTION, AIR FORCE HOUSING AT RADAR
SITE, HOLBROOK, ARIZONA.
(a) Transfer Authorized.--As part of the closure of an Air
Force radar site located near Holbrook, Arizona, the
Secretary of the Air Force may transfer administrative
jurisdiction of housing units used in connection with the
site to the Secretary of the Interior for use as employee
housing for the Petrified Forest National Park.
(b) Description of Property.--The exact acreage and legal
description of the real property to be transferred under
subsection (a) shall be determined by a survey satisfactory
to the Secretary of the Air Force and the Secretary of the
Interior.
(c) Additional Terms and Conditions.--The Secretary of the
Air Force may require such additional terms and conditions in
connection with the transfer under subsection (a) as the
Secretary considers appropriate.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Ford of Michigan: Strike section
354 in subtitle E of title III and insert the following:
SEC. 354. REPORT ON CALCULATION AND RECOVERY OF TUITION COSTS
OF CERTAIN STUDENTS ENROLLED IN SCHOOLS OF THE
DEFENSE DEPENDENTS EDUCATION SYSTEM.
(a) Report.--Not later than March 31, 1995, the Secretary
of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services
of the Senate and House of Representatives and the Committee
on Education and Labor of the House of Representatives a
report on the calculation and application of the tuition rate
required to be determined under section 1404(b) of the
Defense Dependents' Education Act of 1978 (20 U.S.C. 923(b)).
(b) Contents of Report.--The report required by subsection
(a) shall contain the following:
(1) A description of--
(A) the costs included in the tuition rate;
(B) the method by which the tuition rate is determined; and
(C) the method by which any increase in the tuition rate is
determined.
(2) An analysis of--
(A) the variation in the cost of providing educational
services in the defense dependents' education system in
different geographic locations; and
(B) the extent to which the imposition of a uniform tuition
rate enables the system to receive adequate funds to defray
the cost of providing educational services to tuition-paying
students.
(3) Recommendations of the Secretary with respect to
improvements that may be made in the determination and
application of the tuition rate.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Ford of Michigan: Strike out
section 353 (page 81, line 17 through page 82, line 22).
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Hutto: At the end of section 351
of title III (page 79, before line 1, insert the following
new subsection:
(c) Savings Provision.--Nothing in section 2164 of title
10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), shall be
construed as affecting the rights in existence on the date of
the enactment of this Act of an employee of any school
established under such section (or any other provision of law
enacted before the date of the enactment of this Act that
established a similar school) to negotiate or bargain
collectively with the Secretary with respect to wages, hours,
and other terms and conditions of employment.
Page 372, strike out lines 6 through 21 (relating to
section 2855) and insert in lieu thereof the following new
section:
SEC. 2865. MODIFICATION OF HEIGHT RESTRICTION IN AVIGATION
EASEMENT
(a) Modification.--Section 6 of the Act of July 2, 1948 (62
Stat. 1229), as added by section 2862 of the Military
Construction Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991 (division
B of Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1805), is amended by
adding at the end the following new sentence: ``In addition,
such height restriction shall not apply to the structure
proposed to be constructed on a parcel of real property that
is within the area conveyed under this Act and is identified
as 1110 Santa Rosa Boulevard, Fort Walton Beach, Florida, so
long as the proposed structure upon completion does not
exceed a height of 155 feet above mean low-water level.''.
(b) Instrument of Release.--The Secretary of the Air Force
shall execute and file in the appropriate office any
instrument necessary to effect the modification of the
avigation easement referred to in the amendment made by
subsection (a).
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Jefferson: At the end of subtitle
F of title III (page 111, after line 10, insert the following
new section:
SEC. 384. PRIORITY TO STATES FOR THE TRANSFER OF NONLETHAL
EXCESS SUPPLIES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE.
Section 2547 of title 10, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by striking out ``The Secretary of
Defense'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``Subject to
subsection (d), the Secretary of Defense'';
(2) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (3); and
(3) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new
subsection (d):
``(d) Nonlethal excess supplies of the Department of
Defense shall be made available to a State, a local
government of a State, a Territory, or a possession, upon the
request of the State, local government, Territory, or
possession pursuant to authority provided in another
provision of law, before such supplies are made available for
humanitarian relief purposes under this section. The
President may make such supplies available for humanitarian
purposes before such supplies are made available to a State,
local government, Territory, or possession under this
subsection in order to respond to an emergency for which such
supplies are especially suited.''.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Johnson of Georgia, as modified:
At the end of subtitle D of title I (page 21, after line 20,
insert the following new section:
SEC. . EVALUATION OF RESTART OF C-5B AIRCRAFT PROCUREMENT.
(a) Evaluation.--The Secretary of the Air Force shall
conduct an evaluation of the costs of restarting production
of C-5B aircraft for the strategic airlift mission. The
evaluation shall include startup costs and production costs
for a production run of from 30 to 70 units.
(b) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the
congressional defense committees a report on the evaluation
under subsection (a). The report may be submitted as part of
any other required report to those committees relating to
intertheater airlift.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. McCloskey: At the end of subtitle
B of title II (page 42, after line 5), insert the following
new section:
SEC. . ARMY HELICOPTER ENGINE UPGRADE PROGRAM.
The amount authorized in section 201 for the Army is hereby
reduced by $4,500,000, to be derived from the amount provided
for development of an electronic fuel control to upgrade the
hydromechanical unit for the T53-series helicopter engine.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Moakley: At the end of subtitle C
of title I (page 19, after line 15), insert the following new
section:
SEC. . LIMITATION ON PROCUREMENT OF TAGS VESSELS.
(a) Limitation.--The Secretary of the Navy may not obligate
funds for any of the vessels designated as TAGS-63, TAGS-64,
or TAGS-65 unless the Secretary certifies to the
congressional defense committees that the multibeam sonars to
be used on those vessels (whether new or remanufactured) have
been obtained through the use of competitive acquisition
procedures.
(b) National Security Waiver.--The Secretary of the Navy
may waive the limitation in subsection (a) for reasons of
national security. Such a waiver may not take effect until
the Secretary submits to the Committees on Armed Services of
the Senate and House of Representatives a report giving
notice of the waiver and an explanation of the national
security reasons for the waiver.
Amendment offered by Mr. Pallone: At the end of subtitle D
of title XXVIII (page 366, after line 24), insert the
following new section:
SEC. 2839. LAND CONVEYANCE, FORT DIX, NEW JERSEY.
(a) Conveyance Authorized.--The Secretary of the Army shall
convey, without consideration, to the City of Edison, New
Jersey (in this section referred to as the ``City''), all
right, title, and interest of the United States in and to a
parcel of real property (including improvements thereon)
included on the real property inventory of Fort Dix, New
Jersey, which consists of approximately 10 acres and contains
recreational fields and an unused garage identified as
building 1072 on the real property inventory.
(b) Condition of Conveyance.--The conveyance required by
subsection (a) shall be subject to the condition that the
City--
(1) maintain and use the recreational fields conveyed under
such subsection for recreational purposes; and
(2) permit the women's softball team known as the Edison
Angels (and any successor to such team) to continue to use
such recreational fields on the same terms and conditions as
contained in the agreement between the team and the
Secretary, in existence on the date of the enactment of this
Act.
(c) Reversionary Interest.--All right, title, and interest
of the City in and to the property conveyed under subsection
(a) (including improvements thereon) shall revert to the
United States, and the United States shall have the right of
immediate reentry on the property, if the Secretary
determines that the City is not complying with the conditions
specified in subsection (b).
(d) Description of Property.--The exact acreage and legal
description of the property to be conveyed under subsection
(a) shall be determined by a survey satisfactory to the
Secretary. The cost of such survey shall be borne by the
City.
(e) Additional Terms and Conditions.--The Secretary may
require such additional terms and conditions in connection
with the conveyance under subsection (a) as the Secretary
considers appropriate to protect the interests of the United
States.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Pickett: At the end of subtitle C
of title XI (page 307, after line 11), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 1136. EXPANSION OF PERSONNEL ADJUSTMENT, EDUCATION, AND
TRAINING PROGRAMS TO INCLUDE COAST GUARD.
(a) Preseparation Counseling.--As soon as possible after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
Transportation shall implement the requirements of section
1142 of title 10, United States Code, for the Coast Guard.
(b) Employment Assistance, Job Training Assistance, and
Other Transitional Assistance.--Section 1144 of title 10,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(1)--
(A) by inserting ``, the Secretary of Transportation,''
after ``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) by striking out ``of a military department'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``concerned''
(2) in subsection (a)(2), by inserting ``, the Secretary of
Transportation,'' after ``Secretary of Defense'';
(3) in subsection (b)(4), by striking out ``Department of
Defense is'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``Department of
Defense and the Department of Transportation are'';
(4) in subsection (c), by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense''; and
(5) in subsection (d)(2), by inserting ``and the Department
of Transportation'' after ``Department of Defense''.
(c) Teacher and Teacher's Aide Placement Program.--Section
1151 of such title is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``, and the Secretary
of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after
``Secretary of Defense'';
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense'' in the matter
preceding the paragraphs;
(3) in subsection (c)(1)--
(A) by striking out ``by the Secretary of Defense'' in the
matter preceding the subparagraphs; and
(B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``of Defense, or the
Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast
Guard,'' after ``Secretary'';
(4) in subsection (c)(4), by striking out ``Secretary'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``Secretaries'';
(5) in subsection (d), by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense'';
(6) in subsection (e)(1)--
(A) by inserting ``, and the Secretary of Transportation
with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``Secretary of
Defense'';
(B) by striking out ``subsection (c)(3), the Secretary''
and inserting in lieu thereof ``subsection (c)(4), the
Secretaries''; and
(C) by striking out ``Secretary may'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``Secretaries may'';
(7) in subsection (e)(2), by striking out ``Secretary'' the
first two places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof
``Secretaries'';
(8) in subsection (e)(3)--
(A) by inserting ``of Defense, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``The
Secretary''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved after ``unless the Secretary'';
(9) in subsection (e)(4), by striking out ``Secretary''
both places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof
``Secretaries'';
(10) in subsection (f)--
(A) by inserting ``, or the Secretary of Transportation
with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``Secretary of
Defense'' in the matter preceding the paragraphs; and
(B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``involved'' after ``the
Secretary'';
(11) in subsection (g)(1), by inserting ``, and the
Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast
Guard,'' after ``Secretary of Defense'' in the matter
preceding the subparagraphs;
(12) in subsection (h)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved'' after ``Secretary'' each
place it appears in paragraphs (2) through (6);
(13) in subsection (h)(7)--
(A) in subparagraph (A)--
(i) by inserting ``of Defense, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``the
Secretary'' in the first sentence; and
(ii) by inserting ``involved'' after ``The Secretary'' in
the second sentence; and
(B) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``involved'' after
``The Secretary'';
(14) in subsection (i)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, or the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after
``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by striking out ``Secretary'' both
places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof
``Secretaries''; and
(15) in subsection (j)--
(A) in paragraph (1)(F), by inserting ``, or the Secretary
of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard'' after
``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``involved'' after
``Secretary'' both places it appears.
(d) Public Safety Officer Placement Program.--Section 1152
of such title, as amended by section 1132(a), is further
amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``, and the Secretary
of Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after
``Secretary of Defense'';
(2) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by inserting ``, or the
Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast
Guard,'' after ``Secretary of Defense'';
(3) in subsection (c)(1)--
(A) by inserting ``, and the Secretary of Transportation
with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``Secretary of
Defense'';
(B) by striking out ``to the Secretary'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``to the Secretaries''; and
(C) by striking out ``Secretary may'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``Secretaries may'';
(4) In subsection (c)(2)--
(A) by inserting ``of Defense, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``The
Secretary''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved'' after ``unless the
Secretary'';
(5) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved'' after ``Secretary'' each
place it appears in paragraphs (2) through (5); and
(6) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``the
Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``involved'' after ``The
Secretary''.
(e) Health Care Placement Program.--Section 1153 of such
title is amended--
(1) in subsection (a), by insert ``, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after
``Secretary of Defense'';
(2) in subsection (b)(1)--
(A) by striking out ``by the Secretary of Defense'' in the
matter preceding the subparagraphs; and
(B) by paragraph (C), by inserting ``of Defense, or the
Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast
Guard,'' after ``Secretary'';
(3) in subsection (c)(1)--
(A) by inserting ``, and the Secretary of Transportation
with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``Secretary of
Defense'';
(B) by striking out ``to the Secretary'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``to the Secretaries''; and
(C) by striking out ``Secretary may'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``Secretaries may'';
(4) in subsection (c)(2)--
(A) by inserting ``of Defense, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``The
Secretary''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved'' after ``unless the
Secretary'';
(5) in subsection (c)(3), by striking out ``Secretary''
both places it appears and inserting in lieu thereof
``Secretaries'';
(6) in subsection (d)--
(A) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``and the Secretary of
Transportation'' after ``Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) by inserting ``involved'' after ``Secretary'' each
place it appears in paragraphs (2) through (5); and
(7) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, and the Secretary of
Transportation with respect to the Coast Guard,'' after ``the
Secretary of Defense''; and
(B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``involved'' after ``The
Secretary''.
(f) Upward Bound.--Section 4466 of the Defense Conversion,
Reinvestment, and Transition Assistance Act of 1992 (division
D of Public Law 102-484; 10 U.S.C. 1143 note) is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection
``(h) Application to Coast Guard.--The Secretary of
Transportation may implement the provisions of this section
for the Coast Guard in the same manner and to the same extent
as such section applies to the Department of Defense.''.
(g) Service Members Occupational Conversion and Training.--
(1) Section 4483 (1) of the Service Members Occupational
Conversion and Training Act of 1992 (subtitle G of title XLIV
of Public Law 102-484; 10 U.S.C. 1143 note) is amended by
inserting before the period the following: ``and the
Secretary of Transportation with respect to the Coast
Guard''.
(2) As soon as possible after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall implement the
requirements of the Service Members Occupational Conversion
and Training Act of 1992 (subtitle G of title XLIV of Public
Law 102-484: 10 U.S.C. 1143 note) for the Coast Guard.
(h) Limitation on Funding.--Funds appropriated or otherwise
made available to the Department of Defense, the Department
of Education, the Department of Labor, or the Department of
Veterans Affairs may not be used to carry out subsection (a)
or the amendments made by this section.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Pickett: Page 173, strike out
lines 19 though 21.
Page 177, line 15, strike out ``; and'' and all that
follows through ``Guard.'' on line 17 and insert in lieu
thereof a period.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Spratt: At the end of subtitle D
of title XXXI (page 414, after line 4), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 3155. DESIGNATION OF MARILYN LLOYD SCHOLARSHIP AND
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
(a) Designation.--Section 3132(a) of the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (42 U.S.C.
7274e) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``The
scholarship and fellowship program shall be known as the
`Marilyn Lloyd Scholarship and Fellowship Program'.''.
(b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a)
shall take effect on January 3, 1995.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Spence, as modified: At the end of
subtitle A of title XII, insert the following new section:
SEC. 1204. LIMITATIONS ON COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION
PROGRAM.
Of the amount authorized to be appropriated in section
301(21) for Former Soviet Union Threat Reduction programs--
(1) none of such amounts may be obligated for environmental
restoration or for housing of former or retired military
personnel of the Soviet Union;
(2) not more than $60,000,000 may be obligated for the
demilitarization of defense industries and the conversion of
military technologies and capabilities into civilian
activities;
(3) not more than $200,000,000 may be obligated for Weapons
Dismantlement, Destruction, and Denuclearization;
(4) not more than $60,000,000 may be obligated for Safety
and Security, Transportation, and Storage;
(5) not more than $40,000,000 may be obligated for
Nonproliferation;
(6) not more than $20,000,000 may be obligated for Defense
and Military-to-Military Contacts; and
(7) not more than $20,000,000 may be obligated for
Research, Support, and Overhead.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Kennedy: At the end of title X
(page 277, after line 2), insert the following new section:
SEC. . SENSE OF CONGRESS CONCERNING SAFE, SECURE
DISMANTLEMENT OF SOVIET NUCLEAR ARSENAL.
(a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
(1) It is a pressing national security challenge for the
United States to expedite the safe, secure dismantlement of
the nuclear arsenal of the former Soviet Union.
(2) In particular, it is essential to expedite the return
of strategic nuclear warheads from Ukraine, Belarus, and
Kazakhstan and to expedite the safe, secure dismantlement of
the nuclear delivery vehicles of Ukraine, Belarus, and
Kazakhstan.
(3) Leakage of nuclear materials and technology, and the
continuing threat of emigration of scientists and technicians
from the former Soviet nuclear weapons complex, pose a grave
threat to United States national security and to
international stability.
(4) Congress has authorized so-called ``Nunn-Lugar'' funds
to enable the Department of Defense to carry out cooperative
activities with states of the former Soviet Union to address
these threats.
(b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State
should continue to give their serious attention to carrying
out a coordinated strategy for addressing this urgent
national security issue;
(2) the United States should expedite the availability and
effective application of so-called ``Nunn-Lugar'' funds;
(3) when possible, the United States should work with local
contractors in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia to
expedite effective use of such funds; and
(4) Efforts should be made to make the Science and
Technology Centers in Moscow and Kiev, designed to slow the
emigration of scientists and technicians from the former
Soviet weapons complex, fully operational on an expedited
basis.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Dellums, as modified: At the end
of title X (page 277, after line 2), insert the following new
sections:
SEC. . COORDINATION OF MILITARY-TO-MILITARY CONTACT
PROGRAMS.
(a) Limitation.--None of the amount authorized in this Act
for Cooperative Threat Reduction programs may be obligated
for a military-to-military contact program until the
Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State submit to
Congress a joint report on the coordination of military-to-
military contact programs under their respective
jurisdictions.
(b) Covered Programs.--Programs to be covered in the report
under subsection (a) are the following:
(1) Military-to-military contact programs to be carried out
using funds authorized in this Act for Cooperative Threat
Reduction programs.
(2) Military-to-military contact programs authorized under
other provisions of this Act.
(3) Military-to-military contact programs authorized under
chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
(c) Matters To Be Included.--The report shall include
discussion of how those programs are carried out to maximize
their effect in enhancing United States foreign policy
objectives and how they are carried out to maximize their
cost-efficiency.
SEC. . EXTENSION OF SEMIANNUAL REPORT ON COOPERATIVE THREAT
REDUCTION PROGRAMS.
Section 1207 of the Cooperative Threat Reduction Act of
1993 (title XII of Public Law 103-60; 107 Stat. 1782) is
amended--
(1) by striking out ``Not later than April 30, 1994, and
not later than October 30, 1994,'' and inserting in lieu
thereof ``Not later than April 30 and not later than October
30 of each year,'';
(2) by striking out ``under this title'' and inserting in
lieu thereof ``under programs described in section 1203(b)'';
and
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking out ``this title'' and
inserting in lieu thereof ``the programs described in section
1203(b)''.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Kyl: At the end of title X (page
277, after line 2), insert the following new section:
SEC. . LIMITATION ON COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION PROGRAM
RELATING TO OFFENSIVE BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS
PROGRAM OF RUSSIA.
None of the amount authorized to be appropriated by this
Act for Cooperative Threat Reduction programs may be
obligated until the President certifies to Congress that
Russia has terminated its offensive biological weapons
program.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Spratt: At the end of title V
(page 172, after 22), insert the following new section:
SEC. . REQUEST FOR POSTHUMOUS COMMISSIONING IN THE ARMY OF
TWO AFRICAN AMERICANS DISCHARGED FROM WEST
POINT DUE TO RACIAL PREJUDICE DURING POST-CIVIL
WAR PERIOD.
(a) Request. --The President is authorized and requested to
issue, or have issued, posthumous commissions in the grade of
second lieutenant in the Regular Army--
(1) in the name of James Webster Smith of South Carolina,
the first African American appointed to the United States
Military Academy, who was appointed to the Academy in 1870
and was subsequently discharged from the Corps of Cadets of
the Academy and from the Army due to extreme racial
prejudice; and
(2) in the name of Johnson Chesnut Wittaker of South
Carolina, the third African American appointed to the United
States Military Academy, who was appointed to the Academy in
1876 and was subsequently discharged from the Corps of Cadets
of the Academy and from the Army shortly before his
graduation and commissioning as a second lieutenant due to
extreme racial prejudice.
(b) Treatment of Benefits.--The provisions of section 1523
of the title 10, United States Code, apply in the case of a
commission issued as requested in subsection (a).
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Inslee as modified: At the end of
subtitle D of title XXXI (page 414, after line 4), add the
following new section:
SEC. 3155. REPORT ON ECONOMIC REDEVELOPMENT AND CONVERSION
ACTIVITIES RESULTING FROM RECONFIGURATION OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY NUCLEAR WEAPONS COMPLEX.
(a) In General.--Not later than March 1, 1995, the
Secretary of Energy shall submit to the Congress information
on economic redevelopment and conversion activities that, in
the determination of the Secretary, may result from the
reconfiguration of the Department of Energy nuclear weapons
complex. The Secretary may submit the information in a report
or submit the programmatic environmental impact statement
referred to in section 3145(c) of the National Defense
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1994 (Public Law 103-160;
107 Stat. 1949) and include the information in that
statement.
(b) Contents.--The information referred to in subsection
(a) shall include the following:
(1) An analysis of the existing condition and capabilities
of the facilities of the nuclear weapons complex.
(2) A description of the technologies and processes at such
facilities that have the potential to be developed in
collaboration with private industry, State, local, or tribal
governments, institutions of higher education, or non-profit
organizations.
(3) An estimate of the costs associated with economic
redevelopment and conversion activities as a result of the
reconfiguration of the nuclear weapons complex.
(4) A description of how the Secretary will coordinate with
local interests regarding such activities.
____
Amendment offered by Mr. Farr of California: At the end of
title VIII (page 246, after line 23), insert the following
new section:
SEC. 873. DEMONSTRATION PROJECT ON PURCHASE OF FIRE,
SECURITY, POLICE, PUBLIC WORKS, AND UTILITY
SERVICES FROM LOCAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.
(a) Demonstration Project.--The Secretary of Defense shall
conduct a demonstration project, beginning October 1, 1994,
at Monterey, California, under which any fire-fighting,
security-guard, police works, utility, or other municipal
services needed for operation of any Department of Defense
asset in Monterey County, California, may be purchased from
government agencies located within the county of Monterey.
The purchase of such services for the demonstration project
may be made notwithstanding section 2465 of title 10, United
States Code.
(b) Evaluation of Project.--Not later than December 31,
1995, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a
report evaluating the results of the project and making any
recommendations the Secretary considers appropriate,
including recommendations on whether the purchase authorities
used in conducting the project could be used to provide
similar services at other locations.
____
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that the
designation of the amendments and the reading of the modifications be
dispensed with.
The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from
California?
There was no objection.
The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from California
[Mr. Dellums] will be recognized for 10 minutes, and the gentleman from
South Carolina [Mr. Spence] will be recognized for 10 minutes.
The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums].
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished
gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Pallone].
{time} 1950
Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Chairman, I want to take this opportunity to thank
Chairman Dellums and the committee for including my amendment in the en
bloc amendments that were just mentioned.
Mr. Chairman, the amendment that I have proposed basically would
transfer property from the Sergeant Joyce Kilmer Army Reserve Center in
Edison in my district. The property that would be transferred to the
township includes a girls' softball field which has been developed by
the Edison Angels. The Edison Angels is a softball league that has won
several local championships as well as State and regional
championships. They have been using the property for a number of years,
developing it and making it suitable for an expanded softball league.
Mr. Chairman, this amendment would transfer the property to the
township and require that the township lease it to the Edison Angels
for $1 a year in perpetuity. It basically would allow the softball
league to continue to develop the property and continue their
activities there which are very important locally.
Mr. Chairman, in addition the amendment would transfer a garage
facility known as Building 1072 which is an unused garage facility. The
Army Reserve is basically building a new garage, and this is something
also that the township of Edison has use for and would like to utilize
since the Army Reserve is now not using it anymore.
Mr. Chairman, I just want to thank the chairman of the committee for
allowing this amendment. It is something that is very important to the
citizens of Edison Township.
Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Chairman, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from New
York [Mr. Solomon].
Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me.
Mr. Chairman, the ongoing controversy concerning international
inspection of North Korea's nuclear program has clearly reached the
watershed point.
On May 14, engineers began the removal of spent fuel rods from the
Yongbyon Reactor, North Korea's principal nuclear facility.
Based on the findings from the limited inspections that have been
permitted in the past, there is no doubt that weapons-grade plutonium
can be extracted from the kind of fuel rods used at Yongbyon.
The current refueling operation at Yongbyon will take at least
another several weeks to complete--and the crucial removal of the spent
fuel rods was begun without any on-site inspection by independent
observers.
Mr. Chairman, this is the moment that everyone has feared--this is
the time when North Korea has to show its hand once and for all.
Over the past weekend, North Korea did permit an inspection team to
conduct at least a visual examination of the fuel rods that have
already been removed.
This initial indication that North Korea may be willing to cooperate
is welcome, but it is not being too dramatic to say that the fate of
international efforts to control the spread of nuclear weapons is still
hanging in the balance.
North Korea has a history of taking one step forward toward
cooperation, only to back up later and become intransigent--therefore
the pressure cannot be let up.
Every respected commentator, inside and outside of Government, has
said that containing North Korea's nuclear ambitions presently
represents the single most important challenge to our Government's
foreign policy.
The implications for our own Armed Forces are, of course, enormous.
Only last week, Secretary of Defense Perry said the diplomatic
standoff with North Korea was becoming what he termed a ``substantial,
near-term crisis.''
The amendment I have offered expresses the sense of Congress that the
administration should seek international sanctions against North Korea
and reschedule the ``team spirit'' military exercises with South Korea
if the inspection controversy at Yongbyon is not resolved
satisfactorily in favor of unfettered inspection.
Mr. Chairman, the time has come for Congress to send an unmistakable
signal to North Korea that continued defiance of the international
nonproliferation regime cannot be tolerated.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 minutes to my distinguished
colleague, the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. Cylburn].
(Mr. CLYBURN asked and was given permission to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. CLYBURN. Mr. Chairman, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to
me.
Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong support of an amendment to H.R. 4301
which would authorize and request the President to issue posthumous
commissions in the grade of second lieutenant in the U.S. Army for
Johnson Chesnut Whittaker and James Webster Smith, both of South
Carolina.
Born a slave in 1858 in Camden, SC, Whittaker was appointed to West
Point in 1876 by Representative S.L. Hodge of South Carolina. Whittaker
was among the first African Americans to enter the academy. As the only
African-American cadet, he was ostracized by his peers and later
flogged by them.
In April 1880, Cadet Whittaker failed to show up for reveille and was
later found in his room on the floor, bloodied and bruised, with his
feet tied to his bed. His ears had been slashed, and a mirror was
smashed over his head. The incident was looked upon as a ruse by West
Point authorities who claimed that Whittaker had inflicted himself with
the bruises, and therefore should be dismissed from the academy.
Whittaker requested a court martial, was convicted and forced out of
the corps. However, the judgment was overruled by President Chester
Arthur. But, the Army authorities would have the final say. They ruled
that since Whittaker had not attended classes and was behind in his
academics, he should be ``drummed out'' of the corps of cadets just
short of graduation.
During his ordeal at West Point, Whittaker was defended by two South
Carolina attorneys: Daniel Chamberlain, a former governor of South
Carolina, and Richard Greener, the first black graduate of Harvard Law
School.
After his discharge from the Academy, Mr. Whittaker returned to his
native State of South Carolina. He practiced law in my hometown of
Sumter, and subsequently taught at the Colored Normal, Industrial,
Agricultural, and Mechanical College, now South Carolina State
University--my alma mater--in Orangeburg. His son Miller, who was South
Carolina's first African-American architect, became president of the
college in 1932.
After an illustrious career as a teacher, principal, and attorney,
Mr. Whittaker died in Orangeburg in 1931. Among the college presidents,
community leaders, and professors laid to rest in Orangeburg Cemetery,
Johnson Chesnut Whittaker is perhaps the most well known. And, it is
time for his trailblazing spirit and uncelebrated valor to reach the
annals of history, where his courage, and intellect can be recounted
for future generations.
Prior to going to West Point, Mr. Whittaker attended the University
of South Carolina, where he counted among his friends George Washington
Murray, who, it is reported, was also his college roommate. I am proud
to state that Mr. Murray was one of my ancestors, and was the last
African American elected to Congress from South Carolina, prior to my
election in 1992.
Mr. Chairman, Johnson Chesnut Whittaker and James Webster Smith are
unsung patriots. It is now time for them to take their rightful place
in American history.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance of my time.
Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I would like to say just in passing as the chairman has
said previously, these amendments in the en bloc series have been
agreed upon by both sides and that enables us to get to our other work
a lot faster, it accomplishes a lot, and we are delighted to be able to
do it, to accommodate Members who have these amendments.
Mr. Chairman, I have no further requests for time, and I yield back
the balance of my time.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
Mr. Chairman, I concur with the explanation of the gentleman from
South Carolina. This is an opportunity for us to meet a number of our
colleagues, to be able to work with them on a bipartisan basis, to
accept these amendments in a fashion that is consistent with what we
perceive to be appropriate national policy and within the framework of
the consensus of our committee.
Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Chairman, I rise in support of an amendment I have
offered to H.R. 4301 that would authorize the President to issue
posthumous military commissions to two African Americans who fell
victim to racial prejudice and harassment while attending the U.S.
Military Academy at West Point during the post Civil War period.
In the first instance, this amendment recommends a posthumous
commission in the grade of second lieutenant for James Webster Smith of
South Carolina, who is 1870 was the first African-American ever
appointed to West Point. Smith was an intelligent young man who was
recruited to receive the distinction of attending the U.S. Military
Academy. Despite successfully passing the academic and physical exams
required for admission, Smith was not accepted by the other cadets
because of his race. Cadet Smith was finally discharged from the
Academy after enduring racial prejudice and harassment.
The story of James Webster Smith is told in chapter XXII of William
S. McFeely's biography of Ulysses S. Grant, and I will borrow from that
account extensively to explain why this man merits a posthumous
commission. Smith was found in Columbia, South Carolina by a northern
philanthropist, David Clark, and brought to Hartford, CT to finish his
education. He did excellent work in high school and went on to Howard
University. In 1870, he was nominated to be the first black cadet at
West Point by Congressman Solomon H. Hodge. Three other blacks were
nominated but failed either the entrance examination or the medical
examination; therefore, Smith became the first and only African-
American to enter West Point in 1870.
What Smith encountered at West Point was solid hostility, which took
the form of silence treatment inflicted upon him by the whole cadet
corps, including a first classman by the name of Frederick Dent Grant,
the President's son. Smith's grades, despite the harassment, remained
superior; but his nerves frayed, and he had a physical altercation with
another cadet. He was dismissed from the Academy, and then pardoned and
allowed to return; but a professor of philosophy by the name of Peter
S. Michie required Smith to undergo an oral examination in his course.
Michie had observed that black cadets all displayed a marked deficiency
in deductive reasoning, so it is hardly surprising that James Webster
Smith failed Michie's oral exam. His request for a re-exam was denied,
and Smith had to leave West Point. Two years later, while teaching
school, he died of tuberculosis.
Mr. Speaker, in the second instance, this amendment authorizes and
recommends a posthumous commission, also in the grade of second
lieutenant, for Johnson Chesnut Whittaker, of South Carolina. In 1876,
Whittaker was the third African-American appointed to the U.S. Military
Academy. Like Smith, Whittaker was academically and physically
qualified to attend the Academy. Also like Smith, his race prevented
him from being accepted by the other cadets. Shortly before his
graduation, and after nearly 4 years of enduring daily physical and
psychological harassment, cadet Whittaker was discharged from the U.S.
Military Academy as a result of racial hatred and harassment.
Mr. Speaker, if this amendment is adopted, it is without cost to the
American taxpayer, but provides posthumous justice for two young
Americans who were denied their place in the military, and in military
history, because of the color of their skin.
Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Chairman, I want to thank Chairman Dellums and
Representative Spence for accepting two amendments which I have offered
concerning nuclear weapons and nuclear proliferation.
With the end of the cold war, there is no greater challenge to our
national security than controlling and reducing current nuclear
stockpiles, and preventing the worldwide proliferation of weapons of
mass destruction, and nuclear weapons, material and technology in
particular.
My first amendment is intended to help focus the attention of the
Congress and the administration on the importance of the Nuclear
Nonproliferation Treaty and the need to take steps to ensure that the
treaty is extended indefinitely and unconditionally next year.
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, signed at
Washington, DC, London, and Moscow on July 1, 1968, is the centerpiece
of global efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. The United
States has demonstrated longstanding support for that treaty and
related efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. President
Clinton has declared that preventing the spread of nuclear weapons is
one of the highest priorities of his administration.
In April 1995, the signers of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons will convene a review conference in New York City to
discuss the indefinite extension of the treaty. The policy of the
President is to seek at the review conference the indefinite and
unconditional extension of that treaty.
In addition to setting out findings, my amendment says three things:
First, it expresses the sense of the Congress that the President has
the full support of the Congress in seeking the indefinite and
unconditional extension of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons.
Second, we urge the President as soon as possible to fill those
positions at the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency [ACDA] and
other agencies with responsibility for nonproliferation as well as for
the 1995 Review Conference for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of
Nuclear Weapons. At ACDA, for example, major positions with a bearing
on this issue have yet to be filled.
Finally, we urge the President and the President's senior national
security advisers to dedicate themselves to ensuring the indefinite and
unconditional extension of the treaty at the review conference. This
goal should be kept clearly in sight as the President formulates and
implements other elements of nonproliferation policy of the United
States, including U.S. counterproliferation doctrine, the nuclear
posture review, and nuclear testing policy.
My second amendment concerns the safe, secure dismantlement of the
nuclear arsenal of the former Soviet Union. Thousands of nuclear
weapons in the former Soviet Union are targeted or could be quickly
targeted at the United States. It is clearly in the interest of our
national security to expedite the reduction of this arsenal.
This includes securing and dismantling the strategic nuclear warheads
and nuclear delivery vehicles of Ukraine, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. It
also includes taking steps to halt the potential leakage of nuclear
materials and technology, and addressing the continuing threat of
emigration and scientists and technicians from the former Soviet
nuclear weapons complex to other countries. Congress has authorized so-
called Nunn-Lugar funds to enable the Department of Defense to carry
out cooperative activities with states of the former Soviet Union to
address these threats. More than $1 billion has been authorized, but
few of those funds have actually been spent.
My amendment urges the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of
State to continue to give their serious attention to carrying out a
coordinated strategy for addressing this urgent national security
issue. In particular, it calls upon the administration to expedite the
availability and effective use of so-called Nunn-Lugar funds. The
amendment also highlights the importance of making the Science and
Technology Centers in Moscow and Kiev, designed to slow the emigration
of scientists and technicians from the former Soviet weapons complex,
fully operational on an expedited basis.
Once again, I want to thank Chairman Dellums and Representative
Spence for working with me to make these amendments in order, and to
accept them into the bill.
Mr. SPRATT. I rise in strong support of this amendment, which I am
pleased to sponsor. As Chairman of the Military Application of Nuclear
Energy Panel of the Committee on Armed Services, I have had the
privilege and honor of working closely with the gentlewoman from
Tennessee [Mrs. Lloyd] over the last several years. Naming the
environmental scholarship and fellowship program after Mrs. Lloyd is
but a small token of appreciation for her hard work and the many
valuable contributions she has made to the panel.
In 1989, the DOE embarked on a massive and ambitious environmental
program to clean up the nuclear weapons complex. The complex consists
of 17 sites spread throughout the country, and after decades of
focusing on production, most of these sites faced enormous
environmental problems. My distinguished colleagues from Tennessee
recognized that the DOE was going to be one of the largest, if not the
largest, employer of environmental scientists and engineers. Mrs. Lloyd
envisioned a program to provide financial assistance to qualified
students enrolled in academic fields relevant to DOE's environmental
requirements to help them later qualify for environmental management
positions at the department.
Acting on Mrs. Lloyd's initiative, the panel included in its
recommendations for the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal
year 1992 and 1993 section 3132 to establish the scholarship and
fellowship program. This bill eventually became Public Law 102-90, and
the program was initiated. The program provides $1 million annually to
fund 20 undergraduate and 20 graduate students interested in pursuing a
career in the department's environmental cleanup program. While the
funding level is modest, it has been very successful and has encouraged
young men and women across the Nation to pursue challenging careers as
environmental scientists and engineers.
The DOE has embraced the program and includes funding for it in its
annual budget requests to Congress. The designation of this program as
``The Marilyn Lloyd Environmental Education Scholarship and
Fellowship'' program is only fitting since it was Mrs. Lloyd's
foresight, hard work, and commitment which made its establishment
possible. I urge my colleagues to support this amendment, and again
offer my thanks and praise to Mrs. Lloyd for her leadership in this
area.
Mr. Chairman, I have no further requests for time, and I yield back
the balance of my time.
The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendments en bloc, as modified,
offered by the gentleman from California [Mr. Dellums].
The amendments en bloc, as modified, were agreed to.
Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I move that the committee do now rise.
The motion was agreed to.
Accordingly the Committee rose; and the Speaker pro tempore (Mr.
Scott) having assumed the chair, Mr. Durbin, Chairman of the Committee
of the Whole House on the State of the Union, reported that the
Committee, having had under consideration the bill (H.R. 4301) to
authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1995 for military activities
of the Department of Defense, to prescribe military personnel strengths
for fiscal year 1995, and for other purposes, had come to no resolution
thereon.
____________________