[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 27 (Friday, March 11, 1994)]
[Senate]
[Page S]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[Congressional Record: March 11, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
HATE CRIMES
Mr. SIMON. Madam President, I am rising because the FBI has, this
week, released their hate crimes statistics. Back about 3 years ago we
passed legislation to ask the FBI to do this, and they have been doing
it. The good news is about twice as many law enforcement authorities
are doing it as last year. One of the States that is doing a better job
is my own State of Illinois. In 1991 we had 98 reporting agencies and
in 1992, 620 reporting agencies.
The figures we have are for 1992. Six out of every 10 hate crimes had
a racial basis, 2 out of every 10 a religious basis, and 1 out of every
10 each, an ethnic or sexual orientation basis. Antiblack bias
accounted for 36 percent; antiwhite, 31 percent; anti-Jewish, 13
percent.
These are 1992 figures. I have just discussed with the senior Senator
from California the fact that California is listed as one of the States
with only seven police departments participating. I see my friend from
North Carolina on the floor. North Carolina is listed as only having
one police department participating.
But, again, these are 1992 figures, and my guess is the 1993 figures
will show higher numbers than that. I ask unanimous consent to have the
full report printed in the Record, the report from the FBI.
There being no objection, the report was ordered to be printed in the
Record, as follows:
1992 Hate Crimes
Data compiled by the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program
reveal that most hate crimes reported to law enforcement are
motivated by racial bias. The data were reported by 6,180 law
enforcement agencies in 41 States and the District of
Columbia; which cover 53 percent of the U.S. population. The
number of law enforcement agencies participating in the FBI's
statistical program, which was initiated in response to the
Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990, grew by 123 percent when
compared to the number of agencies reporting in 1991.
Racial bias motivated 6 of every 10 hate crimes reported in
1992; religious bias, 2 of every 10; and ethnic and sexual-
orientation bias each, 1 of every 10. Among the specific bias
types, antiblack offenses accounted for the highest
proportion, 36 percent, followed by antiwhite and anti-Jewish
motivations, 21 and 13 percent, respectively.
crimes committed
Among the 8,918 racially motivated offenses, intimidation
was the most frequently reported hate crime, accounting for
37 percent of the total. Destruction/damage/vandalism of
property followed with 23 percent; simple assault, 20
percent; aggravated assault, 16 percent; and robbery, 2
percent. The remaining offense types (murder, forcible rape,
burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson) each
accounted for 1 percent or less of the total.
offenders
In 38 percent of the incidents reported, information
concerning the offenders was unknown. However, for incidents
in which the suspected race of the offender was reported, 64
percent of the hate crimes were committed by whites, 33
percent by blacks, and 1 percent by persons of other races.
The remaining incidents were committed by groups in which the
offenders were not all of the same race.
HATE CRIME BIAS-MOTIVATIONS REPORTED, 1992\1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bias-motivation Number Percent\2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Race............................................. 5,050 62.5
Anti-White................................... 1,664 20.6
Anti-Black................................... 2,882 35.7
Anti-American Indian/Alaskan Native.......... 31 .4
Anti-Asian/Pacific Islander.................. 275 3.4
Anti-Multi-racial group...................... 198 2.5
Ethnicity........................................ 841 10.4
Anti-Hispanic................................ 498 6.2
Anti-other ethnicity/national origin......... 343 4.2
Religion......................................... 1,240 15.4
Anti-Jewish.................................. 1,084 13.4
Anti-Catholic................................ 18 .2
Anti-Protestant.............................. 29 .4
Anti-Islamic (Moslem)........................ 17 .2
Anti-other religion.......................... 77 1.0
Anti-Multi-religious group................... 14 .2
Anti-atheism/agnosticism/et cetera........... 1 0
Sexual orientation............................... 944 11.7
Anti-male homosexual (gay)................... 667 8.3
Anti-female homosexual (lesbian)............. 129 1.6
Anti-Homosexual (gay and lesbian)............ 132 1.6
Anti-Heterosexual............................ 13 .2
Anti-Bisexual................................ 3 0
----------------------
Total...................................... 8,075 100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\No detailed breakdowns for bias motivations were reported from
Minnesota and Pennsylvania.
\2\Because of rounding, percentages may not add to totals.
NUMBER OF HATE CRIME OFFENSES, 1992\1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Offense Number Percent\2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Murder........................................... 17 0.2
Forcible rape.................................... 8 .1
Robbery.......................................... 172 1.9
Aggravated assault............................... 1,431 16.0
Burglary......................................... 69 .8
Larceny-theft.................................... 36 .4
Motor vehicle theft.............................. 5 0
Arson............................................ 47 .5
Simple assault................................... 1,765 19.8
Intimidation..................................... 3,328 37.3
Destruction/damage/vandalism of property......... 2,040 22.9
----------------------
Total number of offense types.............. 8,918 100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Includes Minnesota and Pennsylvania.
\2\Because of rounding, percentages do not add to total.
SUSPECTED RACE OF OFFENDERS IN HATE CRIMES, 1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of
Suspected race of offender incidents Percent
------------------------------------------------------------------------
White........................................... 2,919 39.2
Black........................................... 1,495 20.1
American Indian/Alaskan Native.................. 28 .4
Asian/Pacific Islander.......................... 45 .6
Multi-racial group.............................. 104 1.4
Unknown......................................... 2,851 38.3
-----------------------
Total incidents........................... 7,442 100.0
------------------------------------------------------------------------
AGENCY PARTICIPATION IN HATE CRIME, 1992
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Agencies Incidents
State participating\1\ reported
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama.................................. 4 4
Arizona.................................. 90 172
Arkansas................................. 183 37
California............................... 7 75
Colorado................................. 197 258
Connecticut.............................. 23 62
Delaware................................. 57 47
District of Columbia..................... 1 14
Florida.................................. 374 334
Georgia.................................. 4 66
Idaho.................................... 115 54
Illinois................................. 620 241
Indiana.................................. 5 19
Iowa..................................... 189 37
Kansas................................... 2 3
Kentucky................................. 2 5
Louisiana................................ 10 13
Maine.................................... 9 19
Maryland................................. 156 484
Massachusetts............................ 158 424
Michigan................................. 454 122
Minnesota................................ 69 411
Mississippi.............................. 1 0
Missouri................................. 17 158
Nevada................................... 3 23
New Jersey............................... 291 1,114
New York................................. 569 1,112
North Carolina........................... 1 1
North Dakota............................. 1 1
Ohio..................................... 26 105
Oklahoma................................. 9 147
Oregon................................... 279 351
Pennsylvania............................. 944 432
Rhode Island............................. 44 48
South Carolina........................... 4 4
Tennessee................................ 2 4
Texas.................................... 870 486
Utah..................................... 9 12
Virginia................................. 24 102
Washington............................... 207 374
Wisconsin................................ 145 67
Wyoming.................................. 5 0
------------------------------
Total.............................. 6,180 7,442
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Includes agencies participating in Program whether or not any
incidents were experienced.
Mr. SIMON. Madam President, we are at the hour of 2:45 and I yield
the floor.
____________________