[Congressional Record Volume 140, Number 20 (Tuesday, March 1, 1994)]
[Senate]
[Page S]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[Congressional Record: March 1, 1994]
From the Congressional Record Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS
By Mr. BINGAMAN:
S. 1880. A bill to provide that the National Education Commission on
Time and Learning shall terminate on September 30, 1994; to the
Committee on Labor and Human Resources.
time and learning commission extension of termination date
Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I am introducing today a bill
which will extend the termination date of the National Commission on
Time and Learning to September 30, 1994. Under the current law the
Commission is required to terminate no later then 90 days following the
submission of its report to the Congress. That report is expected to be
submitted no later than April 1, 1994. Accordingly, under current law
the Commission would go out of existence on June 30, 1994. This bill
would extend its life for an additional 3 months.
The National Commission on Time and Learning was created in 1991 as a
result of legislation which I sponsored. I have for a long time been
very concerned about the fact that American students are not performing
to the level of their counterparts in many other parts of the world. In
that connection, I have particularly noted that students in other
countries spend considerably more time in school. European students
spend up to 230 days a year in class; in Japan the school year is 243
days; in South Korea it is 220 days. American schools, in contrast,
generally have only a 180-day school year.
The Commission of Time and Learning was established to study the
issues raised by the higher achievement of students who spend greater
time in school. In particular, the Commission was directed to examine
the quality and adequacy of the study and learning time of elementary
and secondary students in the United States, including issues regarding
the length of the school day and year, the extent and role of homework,
how time is being used for academic subjects, year-round professional
opportunities for teachers, and the use of school facilities for
extended learning programs.
The Commission is composed of distinguished educators and education
professionals. Its members are John Hodge Jones, superintendent of
schools in Murfreesboro, TN, chair; Carol Schwartz, former member of
the District of Columbia Board of Education and City Council and
special education teacher, vice chair; Michael J. Barrett, State
senator from Cambridge, MA; B. Marie Byers, president of the Washington
County School Board, Hagerstown, MD; Christopher T. Cross, executive
director of the education initiative of the business roundtable and
former Assistant Secretary for Educational Research and Improvement in
the U.S. Department of Education; Denis P. Doyle, senior fellow at the
Hudson Institute and formerly with the American Enterprise Institute;
Norman E. Higgings, principal of Piscataquis Community High School in
Dover-Foxcroft, ME; William E. Shelton, president of Eastern Michigan
University; and Glenn R. Walker, principal of Clifton-Clyde High School
in Clyde, KS.
The Executive Director of the Commission is Dr. Milton Goldberg. Dr.
Goldberg served as the Executive Director of the National Commission on
Excellence in Education, which produced the landmark report ``A Nation
At Risk.''
Since the Commission commenced its work in 1992, it has held eight
hearings at locations across the country and has commissioned the
preparation of several reports on aspects of its study. The Commission
has worked very hard and I have every expectation that its report,
which will be submitted very shortly, will make a very significant
contribution to the debate on education reform.
The Commission has indicated to me that its report will be of great
interest and significance to the education community and to
policymakers, especially now that national attention is focused on
education reform as it has never been before. Because of the
significance and importance of the report for current reform efforts,
the Commission would like to be able to continue in existence after the
submission of the report for a period of time beyond the 90 days
permitted by the law. The Commission seeks the additional time in order
to be able to disseminate the report widely, to provide further
information to interested parties concerning the hearings, studies, and
other matters relied upon or consulted by the Commission in the course
of its duties, and to wind down its activities in an orderly manner.
There has been appropriated $900,000 for the operation of the
Commission; that appropriation continues to the end of fiscal year 1994
and sufficient moneys remain to fund operation until that time.
Accordingly, no additional appropriation will be required in order to
extend the life this Commission for an additional 90 days.
This Commission has undertaken a critical first step in a direction I
believe education reform must take if we as a nation are going to be
able to educate our young people to high, world class standards. That
step is the study of the implications of time for learning. To realize
the full benefit of that study, and of the investment which we have
made in that study, I urge my colleagues to extend the life of the
Commission for a brief additional time to September 30, 1994.
______
By Mr. ROCKEFELLER (for himself and Mr. Burns):
S. 1881. A bill to establish and implement a technology investment
policy for aeronautical and space activities of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for other purposes; to the
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
national aeronautics and space administration technology investment act
1994
Mr. ROCKEFELLER. Mr. President, as chairman of the
Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space, I am proud to introduce
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Technology Investment
Act of 1994. I am joined by the subcommittee's ranking member, Senator
Conrad Burns.
This bill establishes a framework for technology investment in the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA] which will
strengthen the link between NASA programs and economic growth and jobs
for Americans. It is the result of efforts that Senator Burns and I
have made over the last year to review NASA's mission, and very
specifically, its relevance to the U.S. economy. We have drawn on
NASA's leadership, outside experts, and parallels in other parts of
Government where partnerships with the private sector are ensuring that
taxpayers' hard-earned dollars are reaping maximum benefits. And this
bill reflects my continued commitment to our space agency, but a belief
that its future rests on a more concerted effort to make tangible
contributions to growth and jobs for Americans.
As part of our Nation's effort to win the cold war, NASA was created
in 1958 to ensure U.S. preeminence in aeronautics and space. NASA was
able to pursue technology development of highly specialized hardware
solely to fulfill unique mission requirements which were driven in
large part by foreign policy and an elite research community. However,
over 35 years later, ongoing Federal budget constraints affect our
ability to fund important research and development objectives and
pursue changing national priorities.
Since 1962, NASA has been mandated to ``provide for the widest
practicable and appropriate dissemination of information concerning its
activities and the results thereof.'' This congressional mandate has
been the foundation for the utilization and transfer of technology from
NASA to the private sector in the form of spinoffs or the secondary
application of NASA-developed technologies. In 1984, NASA also was
mandated to ``seek and encourage, to the maximum extent possible, the
fullest commercial use of space.'' In fulfilling this requirement, NASA
has fostered collaborations with industries and universities to develop
commercial uses of space.
While both of these congressional mandates have resulted in new
products and unique uses of NASA research and technology, spinoff
successes have been attributed largely to serendipitous events rather
than focused NASA technology transfer and utilization efforts. With the
continuing budget constraints, NASA must look beyond the technology
transfers approach of the past three decades, and focus its
aeronautical and space activities to contribute more effectively to our
Nation's economic priorities.
Some contend that NASA's pursuit of aeronautics and space missions is
incompatible with the goals of economic growth and jobs, outside of the
traditional aerospace industry. Both supporters and critics of the
space program have also questioned the value of funding NASA missions
when large, drawn-out project routinely overrun cost estimates and are
subsequently redesigned to eliminate new technologies to meet budget
realities. In preparing this bill, however, the overriding debate was
not on whether NASA should be pursuing technology development and
commercialization goals in its aeronautics and space missions. Rather,
the debate has centered on whether NASA is capable of carrying out this
new mandate successfully.
While others may doubt NASA's ability to change its way of doing
business, I am confident that NASA has the potential to contribute
meaningfully to the U.S. economy and enhance international economic
competitiveness. On October 28, 1993, my subcommittee held a hearing on
NASA's relevance to the U.S. economy. Testimony received at this
hearing revealed that NASA is striving to change its customary
approaches to project planning and management in recognition of the
changing times and priorities. An excellent example of NASA's effort to
change is in the area of aeronautics technology. Advanced subsonics and
high speed research are undertaken in concert with U.S. industry
consortia. In these programs, NASA and industry work together to
identify technologies which will result in advances for airframe and
engine manufacturers. Direct collaboration with industry in these
technology development programs has the potential to increase the
productivity of existing and yet-to-be-seen aircraft.
The NASA Technology Investment Act of 1994 provides the framework for
NASA to change its way of doing business to the rest of the agency. The
bill is divided into two titles: Title I provides direction for NASA's
role in technology investment. Title II requires the United States to
prepare a strategy for developing world class aeronautics testing
facilities.
A key provision in this bill amends the National Aeronautics and
Space Act of 1958 to provide the agency with direction to conduct
aeronautical and space activities so as to contribute materially to the
economic growth, competitiveness, and productivity of the Nation.
Certainly not every activity that NASA undertakes has the potential
to result in new technology and commercial success. However, to
increase the likelihood of reaching these goals, the agency must begin
searching aggressively for opportunities within its current and planned
research and technology programs. Another key provisions in the bill
establishes technology development and commercialization goals that
include requirements to measure and evaluate the results of NASA's
efforts.
For fiscal year 1994, NASA was appropriated $20 million to fund a new
industry technology program. In NASA's fiscal year 1995 budget, another
$18.9 million is requested. The bill specifically addresses this
appropriation and budget request and requires NASA to establish a
competitive, cost-sharing technology program for eligible firms.
Consistent with existing Federal investment policy, this technology
program is intended to encourage industry-led consortia to develop
genetic and precompetitive technologies in short-term projects. Under
this provision, NASA provides no more than half of the project's
funding. As we have learned from past experience, cost-sharing with
industry better ensures the success of Federal investment in these
technology projects.
Aerospace exports each year have contributed significantly to the
U.S. trade position, offsetting deficits in other areas. Civil aircraft
continues to account for almost all of the aerospace export volume.
However, the dominance of U.S. aircraft in global markets is threatened
by the aggressive investment of foreign countries in their aircraft
industry. With so much of our trade balance riding on the U.S. aircraft
industry, focused Federal investment in aeronautics research and
facilities is essential.
Our aircraft manufacturers today, however, are forced in the
untenable position of testing new concepts and designs in foreign wind
tunnel testing facilities because the United States has not provided
comparable facilities. The fact that our companies test in these
foreign wind tunnels may very well result in improvements to foreign
aircraft competing directly with U.S. commercial aircraft. Therefore
title II of the bill establishes the policy for Federal investment in
aeronautics research and facilities and requires a strategy for
developing world class aeronautics testing facilities.
In fiscal year 1994, NASA was appropriated $14.5 billion. The
President's request for NASA's budget in fiscal year 1995 is $14.3
billion. The Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space will hold a
hearing tomorrow to examine the NASA budget for fiscal year 1995 and
try to understand how reductions in funding will impact ongoing and
future aeronautics and space projects. NASA will contend that all the
fat has been trimmed and that reducing the budget further will cut into
muscle. However, Congress must determine whether the Federal investment
of $14.3 billion in NASA will result in commensurate advances of our
Nation's priorities.
The NASA Technology Investment Act of 1994 provides direction for
NASA to become more relevant to U.S. economy. In doing so, it also
requires NASA to implement its aeronautical and space missions more
effectively. This bill supports NASA's efforts to change. I encourage
my colleagues in the Senate to join me and pass this bill in the coming
months.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill and
additional material be printed in the Record.
There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in
the Record, as follows:
S. 1881
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and
Space Administration Technology Investment Act of 1994''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds and declares the following:
(1) Federal investment in research and technology
development can enhance the competitiveness of United States
industry in global markets.
(2) Industry and government partnerships in the development
of technologies increase the effectiveness of Federal
investment in the United States economy.
(3) Ongoing defense reductions impact the aerospace
industrial base and require greater effort by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration to ensure technological
advancements in support of its missions as well as in support
of competitiveness.
(4) Increased contribution to the health of the United
States economy by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration is important to the long-term support of
civilian aeronautics and space activities.
(5) Investments in research and development at the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration can be made to enhance
the competitiveness of United States industry, as well as to
promote development of technologies for government and
commercial aeronautics and space missions.
(6) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
directs a large portion of its budget toward the procurement
of goods and services for its aeronautical and space missions
and can use such procurement to advance technology
development in industry and academia.
SEC. 3. TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT POLICY.
It is the policy of the United States that--
(1) improving the competitive capabilities of United States
industry in conjunction with implementing aeronautics and
space missions shall be a fundamental goal of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration;
(2) the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (hereinafter referred to as the
``Administrator''), in planning for and implementing national
programs in aeronautics and space, shall advocate technology
development designed to foster competitiveness of United
States industry in global markets;
(3) the investment in technology by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration shall be coordinated
closely with investment of other Federal agencies, the
States, and local governments;
(4) technology investments shall be identified in concert
with United States industry; and
(5) the establishment of industry-led consortia shall be
encouraged to enhance opportunities for United States
industry to develop and advance technologies.
TITLE I--ROLE OF NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION IN
TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT
SEC. 101. AMENDMENTS TO NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ACT OF
1958.
Section 102 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of
1958 (42 U.S.C. 2451) is amended--
(1) by striking subsection (e) and inserting in lieu
thereof the following:
``(e) The aeronautical and space activities of the United
States shall be conducted so as to contribute materially to
the economic growth, competitiveness, and productivity of the
Nation.'';
(2) by striking subsection (f) and by redesignating
subsection (g) and (h) as subsections (f) and (g),
respectively; and
(3) in subsection (g), as to redesignated, by striking
``(f), and (g)'' and inserting in lieu thereof ``and (f)''.
SEC. 102. TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION GOALS.
The Administrator shall ensure that, to the maximum extent
practicable, funded and planned aeronautical and space
projects of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration--
(1) incorporate a technology plan that fosters
technological advances of value to both the mission and the
economy and reduces the life cycle costs of such projects;
(2) promote commercial technology applications; and
(3) measure and evaluate technology development and the
potential for commercialization.
SEC. 103. TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT PROGRAM WITH INDUSTRY.
(a) Competition; Eligibility.--The Administrator shall
establish a competitive program under which the Administrator
invests in any project proposed by an eligible firm where the
Administrator determines that--
(1) the project will--
(A) advance the competitiveness of the United States
industry;
(B) advance the technologies required for aeronautical and
space missions; and
(C) encourage industry-led consortia to develop those of
the technologies described in subparagraph (B) that have been
identified as a priority by industry in concert with the
Administrator; and
(2) the participation by the eligible firm would be in the
economic interest of the United States as evidenced by the
conduct of a significant level of its research, development,
engineering, or manufacturing activities in the United
States.
(b) Criteria.--In selecting projects for Federal investment
under this section, the Administrator shall weigh and
consider--
(1) the extent of funding provided by industry for such
project;
(2) each project's potential to advance technologies that
enhance the competitiveness of United States industry in
global markets;
(3) such project's scientific and technical merit;
(4) the potential of the project to advance mission needs
of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; and
(5) such other criteria as the Administrator considers
appropriate to carry out the purposes of this section.
(c) Cost-Sharing.--The Administrator shall ensure that the
amount of the funds provided by the Federal Government under
this section for a project does not exceed the total amount
provided by non-Federal participants for that project. Of the
amount provided by non-Federal participants, the
Administrator shall ensure that not less than 25 percent of
total funding for any project for which Federal investment is
made available under this section is provided by industry.
(d) Financing Mechanisms.--In funding the projects selected
under this section, the Administrator is encouraged to--
(1) use the authority of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration under section 203(c)(5) of the National
Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2473(c)(5)),
especially when applied to non-aerospace firms; and
(2) enter into innovative procurement, financing, and
management arrangements, consistent with existing statutes.
(e) Regulations.--The Administrator shall issue regulations
to implement the technology investment program established
under this section. The regulations shall include--
(1) procedures for making application to the Administrator
for investment under this section;
(2) guidelines for cost-sharing pursuant to subsection (c);
and
(3) procedures to be followed by the Administrator in
selecting projects for investment under this section.
(f) Coordination With Federal Agencies.--In carrying out
this section, the Administrator shall consult with the
Secretaries of Commerce, Defense, Energy, and Transportation
and with such other Federal agency heads as the Administrator
considers appropriate.
(g) Authorization.--There is authorized to be appropriated
to the Administrator $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years
1994 and 1995, for the purpose of carrying out the program
established under this section. Sums appropriated under this
section shall remain available until expended.
SEC. 104. ROLE OF PROCUREMENT IN TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENT.
The Administrator, in meeting aeronautical and space
mission needs, shall coordinate and direct resources of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the area of
procurement to--
(1) advance state-of-the-art technologies;
(2) assess and procure, where appropriate, commercially
available technologies from the marketplace;
(3) use performance specifications; and
(4) reduce the paperwork requirements associated with
procurement.
SEC. 105. COORDINATION WITH OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS.
(a) Technology Programs and Technology Transfer Programs.--
To ensure a consistent Federal investment policy and to
preclude multiple awards for a single proposal, the
Administrator shall ensure that the technology investment
activities established under this title are coordinated
closely with existing and future--
(1) Federal technology programs such as the Technology
Reinvestment Program of the Advanced Research Projects Agency
and the Advanced Technology Program of the National Institute
of Standards and Technology; and
(2) Federal technology transfer programs and activities
established to promote and advocate the use of technologies
developed in the Federal laboratories.
(b) Identification of Funding Received From Other
Agencies.--The Administrator shall identify, as part of the
annual budget submission to Congress, all funding received by
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration from other
Federal agencies to manage and carry out technical investment
and development.
SEC. 106. INTERAGENCY TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVES.
As part of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration's annual budget submission to Congress, the
Administrator shall identify funding requirements, project
milestones, and 5-year budget projections, for the portion
undertaken by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration of each interagency technology project.
SEC. 107. COORDINATION WITH OTHER NASA PROGRAMS.
(a) Small Business Innovations Research.--The Administrator
shall coordinate the technology investment activities under
this title with the Small Business Innovation Research
activities of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration to increase the effectiveness of funding to
small businesses, to the maximum extent permitted by law.
(b) Independent Research and Development Funds.--The
Administrator shall identify all funds reimbursed to
contractors of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration for activities commonly referred to as
``Independent Research and Development'' and coordinate such
funds with the technology investment activities under this
title.
(c) Technology Transfer and Commercial Programs.--The
Administrator shall coordinate the activities of ongoing and
future technology transfer, innovation, and commercial
programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
with the technology investment activities under this title.
SEC. 108. PERSONNEL INCENTIVES.
To encourage the personnel of the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration to pursue technology innovation and
development, the Administrator shall provide personnel
incentives, including--
(1) promotions and within-grade increases;
(2) bonuses and cash awards under the inventions and
contributions system and senior executive service; and
(3) paid leave, sabbaticals, or intergovernmental personnel
transfers to other Federal agencies or the private sector to
pursue technology innovation and development, as the
Administrator deems appropriate.
SEC. 109. ANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS.
The Administrator shall assess the technology investment
activities established under this title and shall submit a
report to Congress on the results of such assessment of
activities. The report shall accompany the annual budget
submission to Congress.
SEC. 110. APPLICATION OF ANTITRUST LAWS.
Nothing in this title shall be construed to create an
immunity from any civil or criminal action under any Federal
or State antitrust law, or to alter or restrict in any manner
the applicability of any Federal or State antitrust law.
SEC. 111. DEFINITIONS.
For the purposes of this title, the term--
(1) ``eligible firm'' means a business entity that is
either--
(A) a company that has majority ownership or control by
individuals who are citizens of the United States; or
(B) a company that is incorporated in the United States and
has a parent company which is incorporated in a country whose
government--
(i) permits companies described under subparagraph (A) to
participate in research and development consortia to which
such government provides funding directly, or indirectly
through one or more international organizations; and
(ii) affords adequate and effective protection for the
intellectual property rights of companies described under
subparagraph (A).
(2) ``Federal laboratory'' has the meaning given such term
in section 4(6) or the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation
Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703(6)).
(3) ``United States'' means the several States, the
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam,
American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other
territory or possession of the United States.
TITLE II--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS FACILITIES
SEC. 201. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds and declares the following:
(1) aerospace technologies contribute substantially to the
balance of trade and the competitiveness of United States
industry;
(2) the international market share of the United States
aerospace industry has eroded steadily due to competition
from foreign consortia that receive substantial direct
subsidies from their governments;
(3) the United States aerospace industry continues to be
impacted negatively by the reduced investment in national
defense;
(4) the national civil and military aeronautics facilities
of the United States are aging and, with few exceptions,
cannot be modified to test new technologies in aircraft and
engine design; and
(5) inadequate domestic facilities force the United States
aerospace industry to use the aeronautics facilities of
foreign countries, increasing the likelihood that
technologies will be transferred to competing foreign
industries.
SEC. 202. POLICY.
It is the policy of the United States that--
(1) Federal investment in domestic aerospace technologies
shall be a priority of the United States to safeguard the
international market share of the United States aerospace
industry;
(2) maintaining world class aeronautics facilities in the
United States shall be a major element of Federal investment
in aeronautics research and development;
(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall
work closely with industry to identify and address
aeronautics technology and facility issues; and
(4) industry and government cost-sharing for facilities
construction and use shall be investigated to achieve
aeronautics research and technology goals within a
constrained Federal budget.
SEC. 203. WORLDWIDE FACILITIES ASSESSMENT.
The President shall conduct an assessment of all
aeronautics facilities in the United States and in other
countries and report to Congress the results of this
assessment not later than January 1, 1995. The assessment
shall include--
(1) identification of all existing and planned aeronautics
research and development facilities in the United States and
in other countries;
(2) analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each
aeronautics facility that impact aeronautical research and
technology objectives of the United States Government and
domestic industries;
(3) determination of the cost-savings achievable by closing
non-essential aeronautics facilities of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration and other Federal
agencies; and
(4) determination of the current use and plans for use of
foreign aeronautics facilities for research and technology
activities of the United States Government and domestic
industries.
SEC. 204. AERONAUTICS FACILITIES STRATEGY.
(a) Strategy.--The President shall work closely with
domestic industries to coordinate, develop, and implement a
strategy for Federal investment in aeronautics research and
technology and aeronautics facilities. This strategy shall
establish--
(1) priorities for Federal investment in aeronautics
facilities;
(2) a facilities implementation schedule to meet research
and technology project milestones and aerospace industry
market requirements;
(3) the projected cost of constructing and operating new
facilities; and
(4) options and recommendations to provide funding
(including cost-sharing and risk-sharing with industries and
among Federal agencies and innovative procurement, financing,
or management arrangements) for the construction of new
aeronautics facilities and for the operation of new
aeronautics facilities.
(b) Deadline.--The strategy required by subsection (a), and
budget requirements associated with implementing such
strategy, shall be submitted to Congress not later than
January 1, 1995.
____
NASA Technology Investment Act of 1994 Fact Sheet
purpose of the bill
The purpose of this bill is to strengthen the link between
NASA's aeronautical and space programs and economic growth
and jobs for Americans. The bill requires NASA to change the
way it does business by establishing dual-use goals of
improving the competitive capabilities of U.S. industry in
conjunction with implementing its aeronautics and space
missions.
need for the bill
At the onset of the cold war, NASA was created to ensure
preeminence in aeronautics and space. Today, continued
Federal investment in NASA's aeronautical and space programs
requires greater focus on national economic priorities. This
bill establishes a fundamental goal for NASA to become more
relevant to the U.S. economy.
no additional funding required
The bill requires NASA to pursue its funded programs more
closely with U.S. industry, thereby developing technologies
of greater utility to industry. No additional funding is
required beyond the fiscal year 1994 appropriation or fiscal
year 1995 budget request for the establishment of the
industry-led technology program in section 103 (see below).
key provisions
The bill is divided into two titles: Title I provides
direction for NASA's role in technology investment. Title II
requires the United States to prepare a strategy for
developing world class aeronautics testing.
Mr. BURNS. Mr. President, I rise today to join the chairman of
the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space, my good friend from
West Virginia, to introduce the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Technology Investment Act of 1994. As Senator
Rockefeller explained, this bill is designed to encourage the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NASA] to strengthen the link
between their programs and economic growth and jobs for Americans, and
in my case, Montanans.
This bill provides a framework for NASA to move in the direction of a
more business--like approach with the aerospace space industry. The
bill does two basic things: Gives NASA a direction for its role in
technology investment and requires the United States to prepare a
strategy for developing world class aeronautics testing facilities.
It is important to support our aerospace industry because of its key
role in offsetting deficits in U.S. trade with other countries. One of
the areas the industry lacks is adequate facilities to test new
concepts.
My work with a company in Butte, MT, revealed to me that the United
States does not have adequate wind tunnels and must rely on foreign
wind tunnels for our Nation's future high-speed civil transport
testing. Our aerospace companies' reliance on these foreign wind
tunnels could result in advances to other countries' aircraft competing
directly with United States commercial aircraft.
This bill specifically addresses appropriations for fiscal year 1994
and 1995 to establish a competitive, cost-sharing technology program
for eligible companies. It is designed to work with existing Federal
policy to encourage industry--led groups to develop new technologies on
a more efficient basis.
I commend Senator Rockefeller for his work on this legislation. I
look forward to working with him on this legislation and as we hold a
hearing tomorrow on the NASA reauthorization bill.
______
By Mr. METZENBAUM (for himself, Mr. Kennedy, Mr. Bradley, Mr.
Lautenberg, Mrs. Boxer, Mr. Pell, and Mr. Chafee):
S. 1882. A bill to amend title 18, United States Code, to promote the
safe use of guns and to reduce gun violence; to the Committee on the
Judiciary.
gun violence prevention act of 1994
Mr. METZENBAUM. Mr. President, on behalf of myself and Senators
Kennedy, Bradley, Lautenberg, Boxer, Pell, and Chafee, I would like to
introduce the Gun Violence Prevention Act of 1994.
I am proud to do so at this very historic time that the Brady bill
becomes the law of the land. It is the cornerstone of effective firearm
regulation and will prevent many felons from getting guns from dealers.
It will save many lives. We can thank Sarah and Jim Brady for that.
The Brady Act is a great start but it is obvious that we need to do
more in order to attack the appalling epidemic of gun violence in this
country.
Let's face the fact--there is a gun crisis in this country. There are
over 200 million guns in America. An American is killed by a gun every
14 minutes. Every 50 seconds, someone is raped, robbed, or assaulted
with a handgun.
And we are all paying the price. Our children are paying the price.
Foreign tourists are paying the price. Shopkeepers are paying the
price. Innocent bystanders are paying the price. We are all victims.
Since 1968, more than 300,000 Americans have been murdered by guns.
In 1992, more than 35,000 people were killed by gunfire. Today, only
cars cause more fatal injuries than guns, and guns are expected to take
the lead very soon. And we cannot even begin to count the number of
nonfatal injuries from guns.
From 1987 to 1992, the rate of murders committed with handguns
increased 52 percent, while the murder rate committed with all weapons
other than handguns has actually declined. In 1990, 10 people were
killed in Australia by handguns, 22 in Great Britain, and 68 in Canada.
In the United States, that figure was 10,567. Handgun homicides have
now reached 13,000 a year.
Homicide has replaced aids as the 10th leading cause of death in
America, and its the 2d leading killer of those between the ages of 15
and 24.
Aside from the toll on human lives, the economic costs from gun
violence are staggering. A 1989 study by the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention estimated the lifetime economic cost of gun
violence in 1985 at $14.4 billion. And that was 1985.
And what kind of country are we creating for our children? What can
we say when our children are afraid to go to school. When we are afraid
to let them go outside to play.
Gun violence takes the life of a child every 2 hours--that's a
classroom-full every 2 days. Murder is now the 3rd leading cause of
death for elementary and middle school children--ages 5 to 14. Between
1979 and 1991, nearly 50,000 children were killed by guns--that's the
same number of American battle casualties in the Vietnam war. The
number of 10- to 17-year-olds who used guns to commit murder
skyrocketed 79 percent during the 1980's. Given current trends, more
than half the persons arrested for homicide will soon be under the age
of 21. This is supposed to be the land of the free, not a combat zone.
This is madness! Enough!
We cannot allow our neighborhoods to be turned into battlefields and
our schools be turned into prisons. It's time we fought back. We
started that fight with the Brady Act. Now it's time to continue that
fight.
Today, I am introducing legislation to begin the debate on the next
generation of protections against gun violence. I am happy to have with
me as original cosponsors of the Gun Violence Prevention Act of 1994
Senators Kennedy, Bradley, Lautenberg, Boxer, Pell, and Chafee.
This bill is designed to build upon the foundations of the Brady Act
that takes effect today. It is a comprehensive approach giving law
enforcement more tools to keep guns out of the hands of criminals. We
are not tying to take any gun away from anyone. This is a set of
prospective requirements only--the next generation of progress toward
curbing gun violence.
This legislation will make the Brady Act more effective. For example,
a primary feature of the new bill is the licensing and registration of
handgun transfers. In order to get a handgun, an individual would have
to have a valid State handgun license. To sell a handgun, the seller
would have to register the transfer with the State police. This is an
idea that Senator Kennedy has had since 1971 when he introduced a bill
calling for licensing and registration. President Clinton has asked
Attorney General Reno to look into this idea.
Licensing is a barrier to gun crime. It involves a thorough
background check, including fingerprint I.D. and residency
verification. These are necessary in order to stop felons from
acquiring guns through the use of false identification and to stop
gunrunners from going interstate to take advantage of weaker gun laws
in other States.
Licensing also allows States to design a handgun safety training
course for all handgun purchasers. Finally, licensing makes it possible
to regulate secondary transfers of guns.
In this country, we require a license and registration in order to
operate a car. We should require at least as much to own a handgun as
to drive a car.
The handgun license would be similar to a driver's license. It would
be issued by the State and consist of an identification card with a
photograph. Licensing would apply only to the Purchase of a new gun.
Anyone who already owns a handgun would not have to do anything, unless
they want to transfer it. The transfer of a gun would have to be
registered.
Registration allows for speedier and more reliable tracing of guns
used in crime. Without registration of secondary transfers, the
investigative trail often leads to a dead end after the primary sale by
a dealer.
In addition to handgun licensing and registration, this bill would:
Restrict firearm possession by persons convicted of violent crimes.
People prone to violence should not have guns.
Restrict firearm possession by juveniles.
Require the proper storage of guns away from Juveniles.
Require licensing of private firearm arsenals--20 guns, 1,000 rounds.
This is necessary to prevent people like David Koresh from acquiring
large arsenals without the knowledge of law enforcement.
Limit handgun purchases to one per month. Who needs 10, 20, or 50
guns beside gunrunners?
Tighten the regulation and screening of gun dealers, including
raising the license fee. This is necessary to weed out illegitimate
dealers.
Compensate the victims of gun violence by making people pay for the
injuries they cause by violating the firearm laws.
Prohibit certain weapons that pose a special danger to society, such
as semiautomatic assault weapons, Saturday night specials, explosive
ammunition, and large-capacity magazines.
Require manufacturers to add safety devices to guns. This would cut
down on accidental shootings, especially by young children.
While the Brady Act will save lives, this comprehensive legislation
is necessary to offer a solution to America's epidemic of gun violence.
I urge my colleagues to join me and the other original cosponsors in
supporting this measure.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill and
additional material be printed in the Record.
There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in
the Record, as follows:
S. 1882
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Gun Violence Prevention Act
of 1994''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS.
The Congress finds and declares that--
(1) crime, particularly crime involving guns, is a
pervasive, nationwide problem;
(2) crimes committed with guns threaten the peace and
domestic tranquility of the citizens of the United States and
threaten the security and general welfare of the Nation and
its people;
(3) crimes committed with guns, and especially handguns,
have created a substantial burden on interstate commerce;
(4) crime at the local level is exacerbated by the
interstate movement of guns;
(5) guns and ammunition are easily concealed and
transported across State lines in interstate commerce, and as
a result, individual State action to regulate them is made
less than effective by lax regulation in other States;
(6) in fact, even before the sale of a firearm, the gun,
its component parts, ammunition, and the raw materials from
which they are made have moved considerably in interstate
commerce;
(7) while criminals move freely from State to State,
ordinary citizens and foreign visitors may fear to travel to
or through certain parts of the country due to concern about
violent crime and gun violence, and parents may decline to
send their children to school for the same reason;
(8) the occurrence of gun violence in schools has resulted
in a decline in the quality of education in our country and
this, in turn, has an adverse impact on interstate commerce
and the foreign commerce of the United States;
(9) States and localities are finding innovative methods,
such as gun exchange programs, of reducing the number of guns
in their communities, but need additional Federal Government
support;
(10) States and localities find it almost impossible to
handle gun-related crime by themselves due in part to the
failure or inability of other States or localities to take
strong measures; and
(11) accordingly, it is necessary to establish national
standards to promote the safe use of firearms and to reduce
gun violence, including handgun licensing and registration,
expanded prohibitions against firearm transfers to, or
possession by, children and persons likely to misuse or
commit crimes with firearms, requirements for gun safety and
safe storage, strengthened regulation of licensed
manufacturers, importers, and dealers, and prohibitions on
the sale of semiautomatic assault weapons and other dangerous
weapons.
TITLE I--HANDGUN LICENSING AND REGISTRATION
SEC. 101. STATE LICENSE REQUIRED TO RECEIVE TRANSFER OF A
HANDGUN.
(a) In General.--Section 922 of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
``(u)(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to sell,
deliver, or otherwise transfer a handgun to an individual
(including an individual taking possession of a handgun as
employee or agent of another person) who is not licensed
under section 923 unless--
``(A) the transferor (or a licensed dealer, if State law so
directs or allows) has verified that the transferee possesses
a valid State handgun license by--
``(i) examining the State handgun license;
``(ii) examining, in addition to the State handgun license,
a valid identification document (as defined in section 1028)
containing a photograph of the transferee; and
``(iii) contacting the chief law enforcement officer of the
State that issued the State handgun license to confirm that
the State handgun license has not been revoked;
``(B) the transferor (or licensed dealer) has provided to
the chief law enforcement officer of the State in which the
transfer is to take place a State handgun registration form
for the handgun to be transferred; and
``(C)(i) not less than 7 days have elapsed from the date on
which the transferor (or licensed dealer) contacted the chief
law enforcement officer of the State pursuant to subparagraph
(A)(iii); or
``(ii) the transferee has presented to the transferor (or
licensed dealer) a written statement, issued by the chief law
enforcement officer of the State in which the transferee
resides within the previous 10 days, stating that the
transferee requires access to a handgun because of a threat
to the life of the transferee or any member of the household
of the transferee.
``(2) It shall be unlawful for any person to sell, deliver,
or otherwise transfer handgun ammunition to an individual
(including an individual taking possession of handgun
ammunition as employee or agent of another person) who is not
licensed under section 923 unless the transferor (or licensed
dealer) has verified that the transferee possesses a valid
State handgun license by--
``(A) examining the State handgun license; and
``(B) examining, in addition to the State handgun license,
a valid identification document (as defined in section 1028)
containing a photograph of the transferee.
``(3) It shall be unlawful for any individual (including an
individual acting as employee or agent of another person) who
is not licensed under section 923 to receive transfer of a
handgun or handgun ammunition unless the individual possesses
a valid State handgun license.
``(4)(A) As used in this subsection, the term `State
handgun license' means a license issued under a State law
that provides for the issuance and revocation of licenses and
the reporting of losses and thefts of handguns and handgun
ammunition consistent with this paragraph.
``(B) A State handgun license shall--
``(i) be issued by the chief law enforcement officer of the
State in which the licensee resides;
``(ii) contain, at a minimum, the licensee's name, address,
date of birth, physical description, a unique license number
and a photograph of the licensee; and
``(iii) remain valid for a period of not more than 2 years,
unless revoked.
``(C) A State handgun license shall not be issued unless
the chief law enforcement officer of the State determines
that the applicant--
``(i) is at least 21 years of age;
``(ii) is a resident of the State, by examining, at a
minimum, documentation in addition to a valid identification
document (as defined in section 1028), such as a utility bill
or lease agreement;
``(iii) is not prohibited from possessing or receiving a
handgun under Federal, State, or local law, based upon name-
and fingerprint-based research in all available Federal,
State, and local recordkeeping systems, including the
national system designated by the Attorney General pursuant
to the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act; and
``(iv) has been issued a State handgun safety certificate.
``(D) The chief law enforcement officer of the State may be
authorized to charge a fee for issuance of a State handgun
license.
``(E) If a chief law enforcement officer of the State
determines that an individual is ineligible to receive a
State handgun license and the individual in writing requests
the officer to provide the reasons for that determination,
the officer shall provide the reasons to the individual in
writing within 20 business days after receipt of the request.
``(F)(i) A State handgun license shall be revoked if the
chief law enforcement officer of the State that issued the
license determines that the applicant no longer satisfies 1
of the qualifications described in subparagraph (C).
``(ii) A person possessing a State handgun license that is
revoked shall return the license to the chief law enforcement
officer of the State in which the licensee resides within 10
days after receipt of notice of the revocation.
``(G) The applicant shall be required under State law to
report the theft or loss of a firearm within 24 hours after
the theft or loss is discovered, to--
``(i) the Secretary;
``(ii) the chief law enforcement officer of the State; and
``(iii) appropriate local authorities,
failure to report to be punishable by a civil penalty of
$1,000 or such greater amount as State law may provide.
``(5)(A) As used in this subsection, the term `State
handgun registration form' means a form prescribed under
State law consistent with this paragraph.
``(B) A State handgun registration form shall contain, at a
minimum--
``(i) information identifying the transferee, including
name, address, date of birth, and State handgun license
number; and
``(ii) information identifying the handgun, including make,
model, caliber, and serial number.
``(C) The chief law enforcement officer of the State shall
furnish information from handgun registration forms to
Federal, State, and local law enforcement authorities upon
request.
``(D) The chief law enforcement officer of the State may be
authorized to charge a fee for registering a handgun.
``(6)(A) As used in this subsection, the term `State
handgun safety certificate' means a certificate under a State
law that provides for the issuance of certificates in
accordance with this paragraph.
``(B) A State handgun safety certificate shall be issued by
the chief law enforcement officer of the State in which the
applicant resides.
``(C) A State handgun safety certificate shall not be
issued unless the chief law enforcement officer of the State
determines that the applicant--
``(i) has completed a course, taught by law enforcement
officers and designed by the chief law enforcement officer of
the State, of not less than 2 hours of instruction in handgun
safety; and
``(ii) has passed an examination, designed by the chief law
enforcement officer of the State, testing the applicant's
knowledge of handgun safety.
``(D) The chief law enforcement officer of the State may be
authorized to charge a fee for the handgun safety course and
examination described in subparagraph (C).
``(7) As used in this subsection, the term `chief law
enforcement officer of the State' means the chief, or
equivalent officer, of the State police force, or the
designee of that officer.''.
(b) Definition of Handgun Ammunition.--Section 921(a) of
title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end
the following new paragraph:
``(30) The term `handgun ammunition' means--
``(A) a centerfire cartridge or cartridge case less than
1.3 inches in length; or
``(B) a primer, bullet, or propellent powder designed
specifically for use in a handgun.''.
(c) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(1)(B) of title 18, United
States Code, is amended by striking ``or (q)'' and inserting
``(q), or (u)''.
(d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this title
shall become effective on the date that is 180 days after the
date of enactment of this Act.
(e) Amendment of Brady Act.--
(1) Interim provision.--Section 922(s)(1) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by adding ``or on the
effective date of subsection (u), whichever occurs earlier,''
after ``60 months after such date of enactment,''.
(2) Permanent provision.--Section 922(t) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by striking ``firearm'' each
place it appears and inserting ``firearm other than a handgun
or ammunition other than handgun ammunition''.
(3) Technical correction.--Section 922(t)(1)(B)(ii) of
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``or
State law'' after ``section''.
(f) Funding.--
(1) Grants for establishing systems of licensing and
registration.--The Attorney General shall, subject to the
availability of appropriations, make a grant to each State
(as defined in section 921(a)(2) of title 18, United States
Code) to be used for the initial startup costs associated
with establishing a system of licensing and registration
consistent with the requirements of section 922(u) of title
18, United States Code.
(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
to be appropriated for grants under paragraph (1) a total of
$200,000,000 for fiscal year 1995 and all fiscal years
thereafter.
TITLE II--RESTRICTIONS ON FIREARM POSSESSION
SEC. 201. PROHIBITION OF TRANSFER OF A FIREARM TO, OR
POSSESSION OF A FIREARM BY, A PERSON CONVICTED
OF A VIOLENT CRIME OR SUBJECT TO A PROTECTION
ORDER.
(a) Prohibition of Transfer.--Section 922(d) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (6);
(2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (7) and
by inserting ``; or''; and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following new
paragraph:
``(8)(A) is under indictment for, or has been convicted in
any court of, an offense that--
``(i) involves the use, attempted use, or threatened use of
physical force against another person; or
``(ii) by its nature involves a substantial risk that
physical force against another person may be used in the
course of committing the offense; or
``(B) is required, pursuant to an order issued by a court
in a case involving the use, attempted use, or threatened use
of physical force against another person, to refrain from
contact with or maintain a minimum distance from that
person.''.
(b) Prohibition of Possession.--Section 922(g) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (6);
(2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (7) and
by inserting ``; or''; and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following new
paragraph:
``(8)(A) has been convicted in any court of an offense
that--
``(i) involves the use, attempted use, or threatened use of
physical force against another person; or
``(ii) by its nature involves a substantial risk that
physical force against another person may be used in the
course of committing the offense; or
``(B) is required, pursuant to an order issued by a court
in a case involving the use, attempted use, or threatened use
of physical force against another person, to refrain from
contact with or maintain a minimum distance from that
person.''.
SEC. 202. PROHIBITION OF TRANSFER OF A FIREARM OR AMMUNITION
TO, OR POSSESSION OF A FIREARM OR AMMUNITION
BY, A JUVENILE.
(a) Offense.--Section 922 of title 18, United States Code,
as amended by section 101(a), is amended by adding at the end
the following new subsection:
``(v)(1) It shall be unlawful for a person to sell,
deliver, or otherwise transfer--
``(A) a handgun or handgun ammunition to any individual who
the person knows or reasonably should know is less than 21
years of age; or
``(B) a firearm other than a handgun, or ammunition other
than handgun ammunition, to any individual who the person
knows or reasonably should know is less than 16 years of age.
``(2) It shall be unlawful for any person to knowingly
possess and intentionally control--
``(A) a handgun or handgun ammunition if the person is less
than 21 years of age; or
``(B) a firearm other than a handgun, or ammunition other
than handgun ammunition, if the person is less than 16 years
of age.
``(3) This subsection does not apply to--
``(A) a temporary transfer or temporary possession of a
firearm or ammunition if the firearm or ammunition is
possessed and used by the person who is underage--
``(i) with the personal supervision and consent of a person
who is at least 21 years of age who is not prohibited by
Federal, State, or local law from possessing a firearm;
``(ii) with the consent of the underage person's parent or
legal guardian; and
``(iii) in accordance with State and local law;
``(B) an underage person who is a member of the Armed
Forces of the United States or the National Guard who
possesses or is armed with a firearm or ammunition in the
line of duty;
``(C) a transfer by inheritance of title of a firearm or
ammunition to an underage person, except that subsection
(v)(2) shall apply to the possession by an underage person as
a result of such a transfer; or
``(D) the transfer to, or possession by, an underage person
of a firearm or ammunition while defending himself or herself
or other persons against an intruder into the residence of
the underage person or a residence in which the underage
person is an invited guest.''.
(b) Penalties.--Section 924(a) of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
``(6) A person who violates section 922(v) shall be fined
not more than $1,000, imprisoned not more than 1 year, or
both, except that a person under the age of 18 who violates
section 922(v)(2) for the first time shall be sentenced to
probation on appropriate conditions and shall not be
incarcerated unless the person fails to comply with a
condition of probation.''.
SEC. 203. STORAGE OF FIREARMS AWAY FROM JUVENILES.
(a) Offense.--Section 922 of title 18, United States Code,
as amended by section 202(a), is amended by adding at the end
the following new subsection:
``(w)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be
unlawful for any person to store or leave a loaded firearm,
or an unloaded firearm and ammunition that can be fired by
that firearm, at any place to which the person knows, or
reasonably should know, a juvenile is likely to gain access
at a time when the juvenile is not under the personal
supervision of an adult who is not prohibited by Federal,
State, or local law from possessing the firearm.
``(2) As used in this subsection--
``(A) the term `juvenile' means a person who has not
attained 16 years of age; and
``(B) the term `adult' means a person who has attained 21
years of age.''.
(b) Notice.--Section 923 of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(l) Each licensed dealer shall post conspicuously at each
of the dealer's places of business the following warning in
block letters that are not less than 1 inch in height:
``IT IS A FEDERAL CRIME TO STORE OR LEAVE A LOADED FIREARM, OR AN
UNLOADED FIREARM AND ITS AMMUNITION, WHERE AN UNSUPERVISED JUVENILE CAN
GAIN ACCESS.''.
(c) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(5) of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by striking ``or (t)'' and inserting ``(t),
or (w)''.
SEC. 204. FEDERAL ARSENAL LICENSE.
(a) Offense.--Section 922 of title 18, United States Code,
as amended by section 203(a), is amended by adding at the end
the following new subsection:
``(x) It shall be unlawful for a person to possess more
than 20 firearms or more than 1,000 rounds of ammunition
unless the person--
``(1) is a licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or
licensed dealer; or
``(2) has been issued an arsenal license pursuant to
section 923(m).''.
(b) Arsenal License.--Section 923 of title 18, United
States Code, as amended by section 203(b), is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(m)(1) The Secretary shall issue an arsenal license if--
``(A) the applicant has--
``(i) filed a sworn application with the Secretary,
stating--
``(I) the applicant's name, address, and date of birth;
``(II) that the applicant is at least 21 years of age; and
``(III) that the applicant is not prohibited from
possessing or receiving a firearm under Federal, State, or
local law;
``(ii) filed with the Secretary a certificate, dated within
the previous 60 days, from the chief law enforcement officer
of the applicant's State of residence, stating that the
applicant has not exhibited such a propensity for violence,
instability, or disregard of the law as may render the
applicant's possession of an arsenal a danger to the
community; and
``(iii) paid an arsenal license fee of $300 for a 3-year
license period; and
``(B) the Secretary has determined that the information in
the application is accurate, based in part upon name- and
fingerprint-based research in all available Federal, State,
and local recordkeeping systems.
``(2) The holder of an arsenal license shall be subject to
all obligations and requirements pertaining to licensed
dealers under this chapter.''.
(c) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(5) of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 203(c), is amended by striking
``or (w)'' and inserting ``(w), or (x)''.
(d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by section shall
become effective on the date that is 180 days after the date
of enactment of this Act.
SEC. 205. RESTORATION OF FIREARM PRIVILEGES.
(a) Restoration by Secretary.--
(1) Repeal of authority.--Section 925 of title 18, United
States Code, is amended--
(A) by striking subsection (c); and
(B) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections
(c) and (d), respectively.
(2) Technical amendments.--(A) Section 922(d) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended in the matter following
paragraph (7) by striking ``, or to a person who has been
granted relief from disabilities pursuant to subsection (c)
of section 925 of this chapter''.
(B) Section 38(b)(1)(B)(i) of the Arms Export Control Act
(22 U.S.C. 2778(b)(1)(B)(i)) is amended by striking
``925(e)'' and inserting ``925(d)''.
(b) Restoration by a State or the President.--Section
921(a)(20) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the first sentence--
(A) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(20)''; and
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses
(i) and (ii), respectively;
(2) in the second sentence by striking ``What'' and
inserting the following:
``(B) What''; and
(3) by striking the third sentence and inserting the
following new subparagraph:
``(C)(i) A conviction that has been expunged or set aside,
or for which a person has been pardoned or has had civil
rights restored, shall not be considered to be a conviction
for purposes of this chapter if--
``(I) the expungement, setting aside, pardon, or
restoration of civil rights applies to a named person; and
``(II) the authority that grants the expungement, setting
aside, pardon, or restoration of civil rights expressly
authorizes the person to ship, transport, receive, and
possess firearms and expressly determines that the
circumstances regarding the conviction and the person's
record and reputation are such that the person is not likely
to act in a manner that is dangerous to public safety and the
granting of the relief is not contrary to the public
interest.
``(ii) Clause (i) shall not apply to a conviction of a
serious drug offense (as defined in section 924(e)(2)(A)) or
violent felony (as defined in section 924(e)(2)(B)).''.
TITLE III--RESTRICTIONS ON GUN SELLERS
SEC. 301. PROHIBITION ON MULTIPLE HANDGUN TRANSFERS.
(a) In General.--Section 922 of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 204(a), is amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
``(y)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be
unlawful for any person to--
``(A) receive transfer of more than 1 handgun during any
30-day period;
``(B) transfer to another person more than 1 handgun during
any 30-day period; or
``(C) transfer a handgun to another person if the
transferor knows or reasonably should know that such person
has received transfer of another handgun during the previous
30-day period.
``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to--
``(A) a transfer of a handgun to a person who is licensed
under section 923;
``(B) a transfer of a handgun by inheritance;
``(C) a transfer of a handgun if another handgun is given
by the transferee to the transferor in exchange; or
``(D) a transfer of a handgun that has been approved by the
chief law enforcement officer of the State of residence of
the transferee in accordance with regulations issued by the
Secretary under subsection (b).
``(3) As used in this subsection, the term `chief law
enforcement officer of the State' has the meaning stated in
section 922(u)(7) of title 18, United States Code.''.
(b) Regulations.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall prescribe
regulations that--
(1) provide procedures for a chief law enforcement officer
to approve the transfer of more than 1 handgun during a 30-
day period if--
(A) the transferee is a private security company licensed
to do business in the State where the transfer takes place;
or
(B) the transferee is replacing a handgun that had been
received and then stolen within the 30-day period; and
(2) require a person who is licensed under section 923,
before transferring a handgun, to receive a sworn statement
from the transferee that the transferee has not received
transfer of another handgun during the prior 30-day period.
(c) Maintenance of Records.--Section 923(g)(3)(B) of title
18, United States Code, is amended by striking all of the
paragraph after ``entity'' and by inserting ``other than
Federal, State, or local law enforcement authorities.''.
(d) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(1)(B) of title 18, United
States Code, as amended by section 101(c), is amended by
striking ``or (u)'' and inserting ``(u), or (y)''.
(e) Effective Date.--Subsections (a) and (d) shall become
effective on the date that is 30 days after the effective
date of the regulations prescribed under subsection (b).
SEC. 302. COMPLIANCE WITH STATE AND LOCAL LAW AS CONDITION TO
LICENSE.
Section 923(d)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (D);
(2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E)
and inserting ``; and''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
``(F)(i) the business to be conducted under the license is
not prohibited by State or local law in the place where the
business premise is located; and
``(ii) the applicant certifies that--
``(I) the business to be conducted under the license
complies with the requirements of State and local law
applicable to the conduct of the business; and
``(II) the applicant has notified local authorities, in a
manner determined by the Secretary, of the filing of the
application.''.
SEC. 303. LICENSE APPLICATION FEES.
Section 923(a) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) in paragraph (1)(A) by striking ``$1,000'' and
inserting ``$10,000'';
(2) in paragraph (1)(B) by striking ``$50'' and inserting
``$1,000'';
(3) in paragraph (1)(C) by striking ``$10'' and inserting
``$1,000'';
(4) in paragraph (2)(A) by striking ``$1,000'' and
inserting ``$10,000'';
(5) in paragraph (2)(B) by striking ``$50'' and inserting
``$1,000'';
(6) in paragraph (3)(A) by striking ``$1,000'' and
inserting ``$10,000''; and
(7) in paragraph (3)(B) by striking ``$200 for 3 years,
except that the fee for renewal of a valid license shall be
$90 for 3 years'' and inserting ``$1,000 per year''.
SEC. 304. ACTION ON FIREARMS LICENSE APPLICATION.
Section 923(d)(2) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended by striking ``forty-five-day'' and inserting ``180-
day''.
SEC. 305. INSPECTION OF FIREARMS LICENSEES' INVENTORY AND
RECORDS.
Section 923(g)(1)(B)(ii) of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by striking ``once during any twelve-month
period'' and inserting ``3 times during any 12-month period,
or at any time with respect to records relating to a firearm
involved in a criminal investigation''.
SEC. 306. REQUIREMENT OF BUSINESS LIABILITY INSURANCE.
Section 923(d)(1) of title 18, United States Code, as
amended by section 302, is amended--
(1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (E);
(2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (F)
and inserting ``; and''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
``(G) the applicant certifies that the business is covered
by an insurance policy providing personal injury protection
to any person injured, while engaged in lawful activity, by a
handgun obtained through the negligence of the applicant, to
a limit of $100,000 for loss sustained by any such person as
a result of bodily injury or death.''.
SEC. 307. LICENSE FOR AMMUNITION DEALERS.
Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in section 922(a)(1)(B)--
(A) by striking ``or licensed manufacturer'' and inserting
``, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer''; and
(B) by striking ``or manufacturing'' and inserting ``,
manufacturing, or dealing'';
(2) in section 922(a)(2) by inserting ``or ammunition''
after ``any firearm'';
(3) in section 922(a)(3) by inserting ``or ammunition''
after ``firearm'' each place it appears;
(4) in section 922(a)(5) by inserting ``or ammunition''
after ``firearm'' each place it appears;
(5) in section 922(b)(2) by inserting ``or ammunition''
after ``firearm'' each place it appears;
(6) in section 922(b)(3) by inserting ``or ammunition''
after ``firearm'' each place it appears;
(7) in section 922(b)(5) by striking ``armor-piercing'';
(8) in section 923(a) by striking ``, or importing or
manufacturing'' and inserting ``or'';
(9) in section 923(g)(1)(A)--
(A) by inserting ``or ammunition'' after ``firearms'' the
first place it appears;
(B) by striking ``firearms'' the second place it appears;
and
(C) by striking ``licensed collector, or any licensed
importer or manufacturer of ammunition'' and inserting ``or
licensed collector''; and
(10) in section 923(g)(2)--
(A) by inserting ``or ammunition'' after ``firearms''; and
(B) by inserting ``or ammunition'' after ``firearm''.
SEC. 308. CHECK OF FIREARM STORE EMPLOYEES.
(a) Prohibition.--Section 923 of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 204(b), is amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
``(n) A licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or
licensed dealer shall not employ any person in a position in
which the person would have unsupervised access to firearms
or ammunition unless--
``(1) in the case of access to handguns or handgun
ammunition, the person has a valid State handgun license; and
``(2) in the case of access to firearms other than handguns
or ammunition other than handgun ammunition--
``(A) the person is at least 18 years of age;
``(B) the licensee has contacted the national system
designated by the Attorney General pursuant to the Brady
Handgun Violence Prevention Act and the system has notified
the licensee that the possession of a firearm by the person
would not violate Federal, State, or local law; and
``(C) the licensee has verified the identity of the person
by examining a valid identification document (as defined in
section 1028) of the person containing a photograph of the
person.''.
(b) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(1)(B) of title 18, United
States Code, as amended by section 301(d), is amended by
striking ``or (y) of section 922'' and inserting ``or (y) of
section 922, or section 923''.
SEC. 309. PROHIBITION OF SALES BY LICENSEES OTHER THAN ON
LICENSED PREMISES.
Section 923(j) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
to read as follows:
``(j) A licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or
licensed dealer shall not sell, deliver, or otherwise
transfer a firearm from any motorized or towed vehicle or at
a location other than the location specified on the
license.''.
SEC. 310. RESPONSES TO REQUESTS FOR INFORMATION.
Section 923(g) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
``(6) Each licensee shall respond immediately to a request
by the Secretary for information contained in the records
required to be kept by this chapter as may be required in the
conduct of a criminal investigation. The requested
information shall be provided orally or in writing, as the
Secretary may require.''.
SEC. 311. REPORTS OF THEFT OR LOSS OF FIREARMS.
Section 923(g) of title 18, United States Code, as amended
by section 310, is amended by adding at the end the following
new paragraph:
``(7) Each licensee shall report the theft or loss of a
firearm from the licensee's inventory or collection, within
24 hours after the theft or loss is discovered, to the
Secretary, the chief law enforcement officer of the State (as
defined in section 922(u)(7)), and appropriate local
authorities.''.
SEC. 312. DEFINITION OF FIREARM EXPANDED TO INCLUDE COMPONENT
PARTS.
Section 921(a)(3)(B) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended by striking ``or receiver'' and inserting ``,
receiver, barrel, stock, ammunition magazine, or any part of
the action''.
SEC. 313. COMMON CARRIER DELIVERY TO LICENSEES.
Section 922(f)(2) of title 18, United States Code, is
amended to read as follows:
``(2) It shall be unlawful for any common or contract
carrier to deliver in interstate or foreign commerce any
firearm or ammunition without--
``(A) examining the Federal firearms or ammunition license
of the recipient; and
``(B) obtaining written acknowledgement of receipt from the
recipient of the package or other container in which there is
a firearm or ammunition.''.
SEC. 314. CIVIL LIABILITY FOR VIOLATION OF FIREARM LAW.
Section 924 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(i)(1) Any person who sells, delivers, or otherwise
transfers any firearm or ammunition in violation of Federal
law shall be liable for all damages proximately caused by
such sale, delivery, or other transfer.
``(2) An action to recover damages under paragraph (1) may
be brought in a United States district court by, or on behalf
of, any person, or the estate of any person, who suffers
bodily injury or death as a result of the discharge of a
firearm or ammunition sold, delivered, or transferred in
violation of Federal law. Prevailing plaintiffs in such
actions shall be awarded costs and reasonable attorneys'
fees. Punitive damages shall be recoverable by the plaintiff
if the defendant is found to have intentionally or recklessly
violated the law.
``(3) No action under paragraph (2) may be brought by or on
behalf of a person who was engaged in a criminal act against
the person or property of another person at the time of the
injury.
``(4) Nothing in this section shall be construed to preempt
or otherwise limit any other cause of action available to any
person.''.
TITLE IV--PROHIBITED WEAPONS
SEC. 401. PROHIBITED WEAPONS.
(a) Prohibition.--Section 922 of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 301(a), is amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
``(z)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be
unlawful for any person to manufacture, transfer, or possess
a prohibited weapon.
``(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to--
``(A) the manufacture by or for, transfer to or by, or
possession by or under the authority of, the United States or
any department or agency thereof or a State, or a department,
agency, or political subdivision thereof;
``(B) any lawful transfer or lawful possession of a
prohibited weapon that was lawfully possessed before the date
this subsection takes effect; or
``(C) the manufacture, transfer, or possession of any
prohibited weapon by a licensed manufacturer or licensed
importer for the purposes of testing or experimentation
authorized by the Secretary.''.
(b) Definitions.--Section 921 of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 101(b), is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (28) by striking ```semiautomatic rifle'
means any repeating rifle'' and inserting ```semiautomatic
firearm' means any repeating firearm''; and
(B) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
``(31) The term `prohibited weapon' means--
``(A) a firearm muffler or firearm silencer;
``(B) a short-barreled shotgun;
``(C) a short-barreled rifle;
``(D) a destructive device;
``(E) a semiautomatic assault weapon;
``(F) a Saturday-night-special handgun;
``(G) a nonsporting ammunition; and
``(H) a large-capacity ammunition feeding device.
``(32)(A) The term `semiautomatic assault weapon' means--
``(i) any of the firearms, or types, replicas, or
duplicates in any caliber of the firearms known as--
``(I) Norinco, Mitchell, and Poly Technologies Avtomat
Kalashnikovs (all models);
``(II) Israeli Military Industries Uzi and Galil;
``(III) Beretta AR-70;
``(IV) Colt AR-15 and Sporter;
``(V) Fabrique Nationale FN/FAL, FN/LAR, and FNC;
``(VI) SWD M-10, M-11, M-11/9, and M-12;
``(VII) Steyr AUG;
``(VIII) Intratec TEC-9, TEC-DC9 and TEC-22; and
``(IX) revolving cylinder shotguns, such as (but not
limited to) the Street Sweeper and Striker 12;
``(ii) a semiautomatic rifle that has an ability to accept
a detachable magazine and has at least 2 of the following:
``(I) a folding or telescoping stock;
``(II) a pistol grip that protrudes conspicuously beneath
the action of the weapon;
``(III) a bayonet mount;
``(IV) a flash suppressor or barrel having a threaded
muzzle; and
``(V) a grenade launcher;
``(iii) a semiautomatic pistol that has an ability to
accept a detachable magazine and has at least 2 of the
following:
``(I) an ammunition magazine that attaches to the pistol
outside of the pistol grip;
``(II) a barrel having a threaded muzzle;
``(III) a shroud that is attached to or partially or
completely encircles the barrel and that permits the shooter
to hold the firearm with the nontrigger hand without being
burned;
``(IV) a manufactured weight of 50 ounces or more when the
pistol is unloaded; and
``(V) a semiautomatic version of an automatic firearm; and
``(iv) a semiautomatic shotgun that has at least 2 of the
following:
``(I) a folding or telescoping stock;
``(II) a pistol grip that protrudes conspicuously beneath
the action of the weapon;
``(III) a fixed magazine capacity in excess of 5 rounds;
and
``(IV) an ability to accept a detachable magazine.
``(B) The term `semiautomatic assault weapon' shall not
apply to--
``(i) any of the firearms specified in Appendix A to this
section as such firearms were manufactured on or prior to
January 1, 1994; and
``(ii) any firearm that--
``(I) is manually operated by bolt, pump, lever, or slide
action;
``(II) has been rendered permanently inoperable; or
``(III) is an antique firearm.
``(33) The term `Saturday-night-special handgun' means--
``(A) any handgun that has a barrel, slide, frame or
receiver which is a die casting of zinc alloy or any other
nonhomogeneous metal which will melt or deform at a
temperature of less than 800 degrees Fahrenheit;
``(B) any pistol which does not have a positive manually
operated safety device, a double action revolver which does
not have a safety feature which automatically causes the
hammer to retract to a point where the firing pin does not
rest upon the primer of the cartridge, or any single action
revolver which does not have a safety feature which by manual
operation causes the hammer to retract to a point where the
firing pin does not rest upon the primer of the cartridge;
``(C) any revolver with a safety device which cannot
withstand the impact of a weight equal to the weight of the
revolver dropping from a distance of 36 inches in a line
parallel to the barrel upon the rear of the hammer spur, a
total of 5 times;
``(D) any pistol that has a combined length and height less
than 10 inches with the height (right angle measurement to
barrel without magazine or extension) being at least 4 inches
and the length being at least 6 inches, or any revolver that
has a barrel length of less than 3 inches or has an overall
frame (with conventional grips) length (not diagonal) of less
than 4\1/2\ inches; or
``(E) any handgun that--
``(i) uses ammunition of the following calibers--
``(I) .22 short;
``(II) .25;
``(III) .32; and
``(ii) has an overall weight, while unloaded, of less than
18 ounces.
``(34) The term `nonsporting ammunition' means--
``(A) any of the ammunition, or types, replicas, or
duplicates of the ammunition known as--
``(i) Dragon's Breath; or
``(ii) .50 caliber BMG;
``(B) any ammunition that contains an incendiary or
explosive charge;
``(C) any handgun ammunition measuring more than .45 inches
in diameter; or
``(D) any handgun ammunition that produces a force at the
muzzle in excess of 1,200 foot pounds.
``(35) The term `large-capacity ammunition feeding
device'--
``(A) means a magazine, belt, drum, feed strip, or similar
device which has a capacity of, or which can be readily
restored or converted to accept, more than 6 rounds of
ammunition, or any combination of parts from which such
device can be assembled; but
``(B) does not include an attached tubular device designed
to accept, and capable of operating only with, .22 caliber
rimfire ammunition.''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following appendix:
``APPENDIX A
Centerfire Rifles--Autoloaders
Browning BAR Mark II Safari Semi-Auto Rifle
Browning BAR Mark II Safari Magnum Rifle
Browning High-Power Rifle
Heckler & Koch Model 300 Rifle
Iver Johnson M-1 Carbine
Iver Johnson 50th Anniversary M-1 Carbine
Marlin Model 9 Camp Carbine
Marlin Model 45 Carbine
Remington Nylon 66 Auto-Loading Rifle
Remington Model 7400 Auto Rifle
Remington Model 7400 Rifle
Remington Model 7400 Special Purpose Auto Rifle
Ruger Mini-14 Autoloading Rifle (w/o folding stock)
Ruger Mini Thirty Rifle
Centerfire Rifles--Lever & Slide
Browning Model 81 BLR Lever-Action Rifle
Browning Model 81 Long Action BLR
Browning Model 1886 Lever-Action Carbine
Browning Model 1886 High Grade Carbine
Cimarron 1860 Henry Replica
Cimarron 1866 Winchester Replicas
Cimarron 1873 Short Rifle
Cimarron 1873 Sporting Rifle
Cimarron 1873 30" Express Rifle
Dixie Engraved 1873 Rifle
E.M.F. 1866 Yellowboy Lever Actions
E.M.F. 1860 Henry Rifle
E.M.F. Model 73 Lever-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 336CS Lever-Action Carbine
Marlin Model 30AS Lever-Action Carbine
Marlin Model 444SS Lever-Action Sporter
Marlin Model 1894S Lever-Action Carbine
Marlin Model 1894CS Carbine
Marlin Model 1894CL Classic
Marlin Model 1895SS Lever-Action Rifle
Mitchell 1858 Henry Replica
Mitchell 1866 Winchester Replica
Mitchell 1873 Winchester Replica
Navy Arms Military Henry Rifle
Navy Arms Henry Trapper
Navy Arms Iron Frame Henry
Navy Arms Henry Carbine
Navy Arms 1866 Yellowboy Rifle
Navy Arms 1873 Winchester-Style Rifle
Navy Arms 1873 Sporting Rifle
Remington 7600 Slide Action
Remington Model 7600 Special Purpose Slide Action
Rossi M92 SRC Saddle-Ring Carbine
Rossi M92 SRS Short Carbine
Savage 99C Lever-Action Rifle
Uberti Henry Rifle
Uberti 1866 Sporting Rilfe
Uberti 1873 Sporting Rifle
Winchester Model 94 Side Eject Lever-Action Rifle
Winchester Model 94 Trapper Side Eject
Winchester Model 94 Big Bore Side Eject
Winchester Model 94 Ranger Side Eject Lever-Action Rifle
Winchester Model 94 Wrangler Side Eject
Centerfire Rifles--Bolt Action
Alpine Bolt-Action Rifle
A-Square Caesar Bolt-Action Rifle
A-Square Hannibal Bolt-Action Rifle
Anschutz 1700D Classic Rifles
Anschutz 1700D Custom Rifles
Anschutz 1700D Bavarian Bolt-Action Rifle
Anschutz 1733D Mannlicher Rifle
Barret Model 90 Bolt-Action Rifle
Beeman/HW 60J Bolt-Action Rifle
Blaser R84 Bolt-Action Rifle
BRNO 537 Sporter Bolt-Action Rifle
BRNO ZKB 527 Fox Bolt-Action Rifle
BRNO ZKK 600, 601, 602 Bolt-Action Rifles
Browning A-Bolt Rifle
Browning A-Bolt Stainless Stalker
Browning A-Bolt Left Hand
Browning A-Bolt Short Action
Browning Euro-Bolt Rifle
Browning A-Bolt Gold Medallion
Browning A-Bolt Micro Medallion
Century Centurion 14 Sporter
Century Enfield Sporter #4
Century Swedish Sporter #38
Century Mauser 98 Sporter
Cooper Model 38 Centerfire Sporter
Dakota 22 Sporter Bolt-Action Rifle
Dakota 76 Classic Bolt-Action Rifle
Dakota 76 Short Action Rifles
Dakota 76 Safari Bolt-Action Rifle
Dakota 416 Rigby African
E.A.A./Sabatti Rover 870 Bolt-Action Rifle
Auguste Francotte Bolt-Action Rifles
Carl Gustaf 2000 Bolt-Action Rifle
Heym Magnum Express Series Rifle
Howa Lightning Bolt-Action Rifle
Howa Realtree Camo Rifle
Interarms Mark X Viscount Bolt-Action Rifle
Interarms Mini-Mark X Rifle
Interarms Mark X Whitworth Bolt-Action Rifle
Interarms Whitworth Express Rifle
Iver Johnson Model 5100A1 Long-Range Rifle
KDF K15 American Bolt-Action Rifle
Krico Model 600 Bolt-Action Rifle
Krico Model 700 Bolt-Action Rifles
Mauser Model 66 Bolt-Action Rifle
Mauser Model 99 Bolt-Action Rifle
McMillan Signature Classic Sporter
McMillan Signature Super Varminter
McMillan Signature Alaskan
McMillan Signature Titanium Mountain Rifle
McMillan Classic Stainless Sporter
McMillan Talon Safari Rifle
McMillan Talon Sporter Rifle
Midland 1500S Survivor Rifle
Navy Arms TU-33/40 Carbine
Parker-Hale Model 81 Classic Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 81 Classic African Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 1000 Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 1100M African Magnum
Parker-Hale Model 1100 Lightweight Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 1200 Super Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 1200 Super Clip Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 1300C Scout Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 2100 Midland Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 2700 Lightweight Rifle
Parker-Hale Model 2800 Midland Rifle
Remington Model Seven Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington Model Seven Youth Rifle
Remington Model Seven Custom KS
Remington Model Seven Custom MS Rifle
Remington 700 ADL Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington 700 BDL Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington 700 BDL Varmint Special
Remington 700 BDL European Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington 700 Varmint Synthetic Rifle
Remington 700 BDL SS Rifle
Remington 700 Stainless Synthetic Rifle
Remington 700 MTRSS Rifle
Remington 700 BDL Left Hand
Remington 700 Camo Synthetic Rifle
Remington 700 Safari
Remington 700 Mountain Rifle
Remington 700 Custom KS Mountain Rifle
Remington 700 Classic Rifle
Ruger M77 Mark II Rifle
Ruger M77 Mark II Magnum Rifle
Ruger M77RL Ultra Light
Ruger M77 Mark II All-Weather Stainless Rifle
Ruger M77 RSI International Carbine
Ruger M77 Mark II Express Rifle
Ruger M77VT Target Rifle
Sako Hunter Rifle
Sako Fiberclass Sporter
Sako Safari Grade Bolt Action
Sako Hunter Left-Hand Rifle
Sako Classic Bolt Action
Sake Hunter LS Rifle
Sako Deluxe Lightweight
Sako Super Deluxe Sporter
Sako Mannlicher-Style Carbine
Sako Varmint Heavy Barrel
Sako TRG-S Bolt-Action Rifle
Sauer 90 Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage 110G Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage 110CY Youth/Ladies Rifle
Savage 110WLE One of One Thousand Limited Edition Rifle
Savage 110GXP3 Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage 110F Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage 110FXP3 Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage 110GV Varmint Rifle
Savage 112FV Varmint Rifle
Savage Model 112FVS Varmint Rifle
Savage Model 112BV Heavy Barrel Varmint Rifle
Savage 116FSS Bolt-Action Rifle
Savage model 116FSK Kodiak Rifle
Savage 110FP Police Rifle
Steyr-Mannlicher Sporter Models SL, L, M, S, S/T
Steyr-Mannlicher Luxus Model L, M, S
Steyr-Mannlicher Model M Professional Rifle
Tikka Bolt-Action Rifle
Tikka Premium Grade Rifles
Tikka Varmint/Continental Rifle
Tikka Whitetail/Battue Rifle
Ultra Light Arms Model 20 Rifle
Ultra Light Arms Model 28, Model 40 Rifles
Voere VEC 91 Lightning Bolt-Action Rifle
Voere Model 2165 Bolt-Action Rifle
Voere Model 2155, 2150 Bolt-Action Rifles
Weatherby Mark V Deluxe Bolt-Action Rifle
Weatherby Lasermark V Rifle
Weatherby Mark V Crown Custom Rifles
Weatherby Mark V Sporter Rifle
Weatherby Mark V Safari Grade Custom Rifles
Weatherby Weathermark Rifle
Weatherby Weathermark Alaskan Rifle
Weatherby Classicmark No. 1 Rifle
Weatherby Weatherguard Alaskan Rifle
Weatherby Vanguard VGX Deluxe Rifle
Weatherby Vanguard Classic Rifle
Weatherby Vanguard Classic No. 1 Rifle
Weatherby Vanguard Weatherguard Rifle
Wichita Classic Rifle
Wichita Varmint Rifle
Winchester Model 70 Sporter
Winchester Model 70 Sporter WinTuff
Winchester Model 70 SM Sporter
Winchester Model 70 Stainless Rifle
Winchester Model 70 Varmint
Winchester Model 70 Synthetic Heavy Varmint Rifle
Winchester Model 70 DBM Rifle
Winchester Model 70 DBM-S Rifle
Winchester Model 70 Featherweight
Winchester Model 70 Featherweight WinTuff
Winchester Model 70 Featherweight Classic
Winchester Model 70 Lightweight Rifle
Winchester Ranger Rifle
Winchester Model 70 Super Express Magnum
Winchester Model 70 Super Grade
Winchester Model 70 Custom Sharpshooter
Winchester Model 70 Custom Sporting Sharpshooter Rifle
Centerfire Rifles--Single Shot
Armsport 1866 Sharps Rifle, Carbine
Brown Model One Single Shot Rifle
Browning Model 1885 Single Shot Rifle
Dakota Single Shot Rifle
Desert Industries G-90 Single Shot Rifle
Harrington & Richardson Ultra Varmint Rifle
Model 1885 High Wall Rifle
Navy Arms Rolling Block Buffalo Rifle
Navy Arms #2 Creedmoor Rifle
Navy Arms Sharps Cavalry Carbine
Navy Arms Sharps Plains Rifle
New England Firearms Handi-Rifle
Red Willow Armory Ballard No. 5 Pacific
Red Willow Armory Ballard No. 1.5 Hunting Rifle
Red Willow Armory Ballard No. 8 Union Hill Rifle
Red Willow Armory Ballard No. 4.5 Target Rifle
Remington-Style Rolling Block Carbine
Ruger No. 1B Single Shot
Ruger No. 1A Light Sporter
Ruger No. 1H Tropical Rifle
Ruger No. 1S Medium Sporter
Ruger No. 1 RSI International
Ruger No. 1V Special Varminter
C. Sharps Arms New Model 1874 Old Reliable
C. Sharps Arms New Model 1875 Rifle
C. Sharps Arms 1875 Classic Sharps
C. Sharps Arms New Model 1875 Target & Long Range
Shiloh Sharps 1874 Long Range Express
Shiloh Sharps 1874 Montana Roughrider
Shiloh Sharps 1874 Military Carbine
Shiloh Sharps 1874 Business Rifle
Shiloh Sharps 1874 Military Rifle
Sharps 1874 Old Reliable
Thompson/Center Contender Carbine
Thompson/Center Stainless Contender Carbine
Thompson/Center Contender Carbine Survival System
Thompson/Center Contender Carbine Youth Model
Thompson/Center TCR '87 Single Shot Rifle
Uberti Rolling Block Baby Carbine
Drillings, Combination Guns, Double Rifles
Baretta Express SSO O/U Double Rifles
Baretta Model 455 SxS Express Rifle
Chapuis RGExpress Double Rifle
Auguste Francotte Sidelock Double Rifles
Auguste Francotte Boxlock Double Rifle
Heym Model 55B O/U Double Rifle
Heym Model 55FW O/U Combo Gun
Heym Model 88b Side-by-Side Double Rifle
Kodiak Mk. IV Double Rifle
Kreighoff Teck O/U Combination Gun
Kreighoff Trumpf Drilling
Merkel Over/Under Combination Guns
Merkel Drillings
Merkel Model 160 Side-by-Side Double Rifles
Merkel Over/Under Double Rifles
Savage 24F O/U Combination Gun
Savage 24F-12T Turkey Gun
Springfield Inc. M6 Scout Rifle/Shotgun
Tikka Model 412s Combination Gun
Tikka Model 412S Double Fire
A. Zoli Rifle-Shotgun O/U Combo
Rimfire Rifles--Autoloaders
AMT Lightning 25/22 Rifle
AMT Lightning Small-Game Hunting Rifle II
AMT Magnum Hunter Auto Rifle
Anschutz 525 Deluxe Auto
Armscor Model 20P Auto Rifle
Browning Auto-22 Rifle
Browning Auto-22 Grade VI
Krico Model 260 Auto Rifle
Lakefield Arms Model 64B Auto Rifle
Marlin Model 60 Self-Loading Rifle
Marlin Model 60ss Self-Loading Rifle
Marlin Model 70 HC Auto
Marlin Model 990l Self-Loading Rifle
Marlin Model 70P Papoose
Marlin Model 922 Magnum Self-Loading Rifle
Marlin Model 995 Self-Loading Rifle
Norinco Model 22 ATD Rifle
Remington Model 522 Viper Autoloading Rifle
Remington 552BDL Speedmaster Rifle
Ruger 10/22 Autoloading Carbine (w/o folding stock)
Survival Arms AR-7 Explorer Rifle
Texas Remington Revolving Carbine
Voere Model 2115 Auto Rifle
Rimfire Rifles--Lever & Slide Action
Browning BL-22 Lever-Action Rifle
Marlin 39TDS Carbine
Marlin Model 39AS Golden Lever-Action Rifle
Remington 572BDL Fieldmaster Pump Rifle
Norinco EM-321 Pump Rifle
Rossi Model 62 SA Pump Rifle
Rossi Model 62 SAC Carbine
Winchester Model 9422 Lever-Action Rifle
Winchester Model 9422 Magnum Lever-Action Rifle
Rimfire Rifles--Bolt Actions & Single Shots
Anschutz Achiever Bolt-Action Rifle
Anschutz 1416D/1516D Classic Rifles
Anschutz 1418D/1518D Mannlicher rifles
Anschutz 1700D Classic Rifles
Anschutz 1700D Custom Rifles
Anschutz 1700 FWT Bolt-Action Rifle
Anschutz 1700D Graphite Custom Rifle
Anschutz 1700D Bavarian Bolt-Action Rifle
Armscor Model 14P Bolt-Action Rifle
Armscor Model 1500 Rifle
BRNO ZKM-452 Deluxe Bolt-Action Rifle
BRNO ZKM 452 Deluxe
Beeman/HW 60-J-ST Bolt-Action Rifle
Browning A-Bolt 22 Bolt-Action Rifle
Browning A-Bolt Gold Medallion
Cabanas Phaser Rifle
Cabanas Master Bolt-Action Rifle
Cabanas Espronceda IV Bolt-Action Rifle
Cabanas Leyre Bolt-Action Rifle
Chipmunk Single Shot Rifle
Cooper Arms Model 36S Sporter Rifle
Dakota 22 Sporter Bolt-Action Rifle
Krico Model 300 Bolt-Action Rifles
Lakefield Arms Mark II Bolt-Action Rifle
Lakefield Arms Mark I Bolt-Action Rifle
Magtech Model MT-22C Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 880 Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 881 Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 882 Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 883 Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 883SS Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 25MN Bolt-Action Rifle
Marlin Model 25N Bolt-Action Repeater
Marlin Model 15YN ``Little Buckaroo''
Mauser Model 107 Bolt-Action Rifle
Mauser Model 201 Bolt-Action Rifle
Navy Arms TU-KKW Training Rifle
Navy Arms TU-33/40 Carbine
Navy Arms TU-KKW Sniper Trainer
Norinco JW-27 Bolt-Action Rifle
Norinco JW-15 Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington 541-T
Remington 40-XR Rimfire Custom sporter
Remington 541-T HB Bolt-Action Rifle
Remington 581-S Sportsman Rifle
Ruger 77/22 Rimfire Bolt-Action Rifle
Ruger K77/22 Varmint Rifle
Ultra Light arms Model 20 RF Bolt-Action Rifle
Winchester Model 52B Sporting Rifle
Competition Rifles--Centerfire & Rimfire
Anschutz 64-MS Left Silhouette
Anschutz 1808D RT Super Match 54 Target
Anschutz 1827B Biathlon Rifle
Anschutz 1903D Match Rifle
Anschutz 1803D Itermediate Match
Anschutz 1911 Match Rifle
Anschutz 54.18MS REP Deluxe Silhouette Rifle
Anschutz 1913 Super Match Rifle
Anschutz 1907 Match Rifle
Anschutz 1910 Super Match II
Anschutz 54.18MS Silhouette Rifle
Anschutz Super Match 54 Target Model 2013
Anschutz Super Match 54 Target Model 2007
Beeman/Feinwerkbau 2600 Target Rifle
Cooper Arms Model TRP-1 ISU Standard Rifle
E.A.A./Weihrauch HW 60 Target Rifle
E.A.A./HW 660 Match Rifle
Finnish Lion Standard Target Rifle
Krico Model 360 S2 Biathlon Rifle
Krico Model 400 Match Rifle
Krico Model 360S Biathlon Rifle
Krico Model 500 Kricotronic Match Rifle
Krico Model 600 Sniper Rifle
Krico Model 600 Match Rifle
Lakefield Arms Model 90B Target Rifle
Lakefield Arms Model 91T Target Rifle
Lakefield Arms Model 92S Silhouette Rifle
Marlin Model 2000 Target Rifle
Mauser Model 86-SR Specialty Rifle
McMillan M-86 Sniper Rifle
McMillan Combo M-87/M-88 50-Caliber Rifle
McMillan 300 Phoenix Long Range Rifle
McMillan M-89 Sniper Rifle
McMillan National Match Rifle
McMillan Long Range Rifle
Parker-Hale M-87 Target Rifle
Parker-Hale M-85 Sniper Rifle
Remington 40-XB Rangemaster Target Centerfire
Remington 40-XR KS Rimfire Position Rifle
Remington 40-XBBR KS
Remington 40-XC KS National Match Course Rifle
Sako TRG-21 Bolt-Action Rifle
Steyr-Mannlicher Match SPG-UIT Rifle
Steyr-Mannlicher SSG P-I Rifle
Steyr-Mannlicher SSG P-III Rifle
Steyr-Mannlicher SSG P-IV Rifle
Tanner Standard UIT Rifle
Tanner 50 Meter Free Rifle
Tanner 300 Meter Free Rifle
Wichita Silhouette Rifle
Shotguns--Autoloaders
American Arms/Franchi Black Magic 48/AL
Benelli Super Black Eagle Shotgun
Benelli Super Black Eagle Slug Gun
Benelli M1 Super 90 Field Auto Shotgun
Benelli Montefeltro Super 90 20-Gauge Shotgun
Benelli Montefeltro Super 90 Shotgun
Benelli M1 Sporting Special Auto Shotgun
Benelli Black Eagle Competition Auto Shotgun
Beretta A-303 Auto Shotgun
Beretta 390 Field Auto Shotgun
Beretta 390 Super Trap, Super Skeet Shotguns
Beretta Vittoria Auto Shotgun
Beretta Model 1201F Auto Shotgun
Browning BSA 10 Auto Shotgun
Browning Bsa 10 Stalker Auto Shotgun
Browning A-500R Auto Shotgun
Browning A-500G Auto Shotgun
Browning A-500G Sporting Clays
Browning Auto-5 Light 12 and 20
Browning Auto-5 Stalker
Browning Auto-5 Magnum 20
Browning Auto-5 Magnum 12
Churchill Turkey Automatic Shotgun
Cosmi Automatic Shotgun
Maverick Model 60 Auto Shotgun
Mossberg Model 5500 Shotgun
Mossberg Model 9200 Regal Semi-Auto Shotgun
Mossberg Model 9200 USST Auto Shotgun
Mossberg Model 9200 Camo Shotgun
Mossberg Model 6000 Auto Shotgun
Remington Model 1100 Shotgun
Remington 11-87 Premier shotgun
Remington 11-87 Sporting Clays
Remington 11-87 Premier Skeet
Remington 11-87 Premier Trap
Remington 11-87 Special Purpose Magnum
Remington 11-87 SPS-T Camo Auto Shotgun
Remington 11-87 Special Purpose Deer Gun
Remington 11-87 SPS-BG-Camo Deer/Turkey Shotgun
Remington 11-87 SPS-Deer Shotgun
Remington 11-87 Special Purpose Synthetic Camo
Remington SP-10 Magnum-Camo Auto Shotgun
Remington SP-10 Magnum Auto Shotgun
Remington SP-10 Magnum Turkey Combo
Remington 1100 LT-20 Auto
Remington 1100 Special Field
Remington 1100 20-Gauge Deer Gun
Remington 1100 LT-20 Tournament Skeet
Winchester Model 1400 Semi-Auto Shotgun
Shotguns--Slide Actions
Browning Model 42 Pump Shotgun
Browning BPS Pump Shotgun
Browning BPS Stalker Pump Shotgun
Browning BPS Pigeon Grade Pump Shotgun
Browning BPS pump Shotgun (Ladies and Youth Model)
Browning BPS Game Gun Turkey Special
Browning BPS Game Gun Deer Special
Ithaca Model 87 Supreme Pump Shotgun
Ithaca Model 87 Deerslayer Shotgun
Ithaca Deerslayer II Rifled Shotgun
Ithaca Model 87 Turkey Gun
Ithaca Model 87 Deluxe Pump Shotgun
Magtech Model 586-VR Pump Shotgun
Maverick Models 88, 91 Pump Shotguns
Mossberg Model 500 Sporting Pump
Mossberg Model 500 Camo Pump
Mossberg Model 500 Muzzleloader Combo
Mossberg Model 500 Trophy Slugster
Mossberg Turkey Model 500 Pump
Mossberg Model 500 Bantam Pump
Mossberg Field Grade Model 835 Pump Shotgun
Mossberg Model 835 Regal Ulti-Mag Pump
Remington 870 Wingmaster
Remington 870 Special Purpose Deer Gun
Remington 870 SPS-BG-Camo Deer/Turkey Shotgun
Remington 870 SPS-Deer Shotgun
Remington 870 Marine Magnum
Remington 870 TC Trap
Remington 870 Special Purpose Synthetic Camo
Remington 870 Wingmaster Small Gauges
Remington 870 Express Rifle Sighted Deer Gun
Remington 879 SPS Special Purpose Magnum
Remington 870 SPS-T Camo Pump Shotgun
Remington 870 Special Field
Remington 870 Express Turkey
Remington 870 High Grades
Remington 870 Express
Remington Model 870 Express Youth Gun
Winchester Model 12 Pump Shotgun
Winchester Model 42 High Grade Shotgun
Winchester Model 1300 Walnut Pump
Winchester Model 1300 Slug Hunter Deer Gun
Winchester Model 1300 Ranger Pump Gun Combo & Deer Gun
Winchester Model 1300 Turkey Gun
Winchester Model 1300 Ranger Pump Gun
Shotguns--Over/Unders
American Arms/Franchi Falconet 2000 O/U
American Arms Silver I O/U
American Arms Silver II Shotgun
American Arms Silver Skeet O/U
American Arms/Franchi Sporting 2000 O/U
American Arms Silver Sporting O/U
American Arms Silver Trap O/U
American Arms WS/OU 12, TS/OU 12 Shotguns
American Arms WT/OU 10 Shotgun
Armsport 2700 O/U Goose Gun
Armsport 2700 Series O/U
Armsport 2900 Tri-Barrel Shotgun
Baby Bretton Over/Under Shotgun
Beretta Model 686 Ultralight O/U
Beretta ASE 90 Competition O/U Shotgun
Beretta Over/Under Field Shotguns
Beretta Onyx Hunter Sport O/U Shotgun
Beretta Model SO5, SO6, SO9 Shotguns
Beretta Sporting Clay Shotguns
Beretta 687EL Sporting O/U
Beretta 682 Super Sporting O/U
Beretta Series 682 Competition Over/Unders
Browning Citori O/U Shotgun
Browning Superlight Citori Over/Under
Browning Lightning Sporting Clays
Browning Micro Citori Lightning
Browning Citori Plus Trap Combo
Browning Citori Plus Trap Gun
Browning Citori O/U Skeet Models
Browning Citori O/U Trap Models
Browning Special Sporting Clays
Browning Citori GTI Sporting Clays
Browning 325 Sporting Clays
Centurion Over/Under Shotgun
Chapuis Over/Under Shotgun
Connecticut Valley Classics Classic Sporter O/U
Connecticut Valley Classics Classic Field Waterfowler
Charles Daly Field Grade O/U
Charles Daly Lux Over/Under
E.A.A./Sabatti Sporting Clays Pro-Gold O/U
E.A.A/Sabatti Falcon-Mon Over/Under
Kassnar Grade I O/U Shotgun
Krieghoff K-80 Sporting Clays O/U
Krieghoff K-80 Skeet Shotgun
Krieghoff K-80 International Skeet
Krieghoff K-80 Four-Barrel Skeet Set
Krieghoff K-80/RT Shotguns
Krieghoff K-80 O/U Trap Shotgun
Laurona Silhouette 300 Sporting Clays
Laurona Silhouette 300 Trap
Laurona Super Model Over/Unders
Ljutic LM-6 Deluxe O/U Shotgun
Marocchi Conquista Over/Under Shotgun
Marocchi Avanza O/U Shotgun
Merkel Model 200E O/U Shotgun
Merkel Model 200E Skeet, Trap Over/Unders
Merkel Model 203E, 303E Over/Under Shotguns
Perazzi Mirage Special Sporting O/U
Perazzi Mirage Special Four-Gauge Skeet
Perazzi Sporting Classic O/U
Perazzi MX7 Over/Under Shotguns
Perazzi Mirage Special Skeet Over/Under
Perazzi MX8/MX8 Special Trap, Skeet
Perazzi MX8/20 Over/Under Shotgun
Perazzi MX9 Single Over/Under Shotguns
Perazzi MX12 Hunting Over/Under
Perazzi MX28, MX410 Game O/U Shotguns
Perazzi MX20 Hunting Over/Under
Piotti Boss Over/Under Shotgun
Remington Peerless Over/Under Shotgun
Ruger Red Label O/U Shotgun
Ruger Sporting Clays O/U Shotgun
San Marco 12-Ga. Wildflower Shotgun
San Marco Field Special O/U Shotgun
San Marco 10-Ga. O/U Shotgun
SKB Model 505 Deluxe Over/Under Shotgun
SKB Model 685 Over/Under Shotgun
SKB Model 885 Over/Under Trap, Skeet, Sporting Clays
Stoeger/IGA Condor I O/U Shotgun
Stoeger/IGA ERA 2000 Over/Under Shotgun
Techni-Mec Model 610 Over/Under
Tikka Model 412S Field Grade Over/Under
Weatherby Athena Grade IV O/U Shotguns
Weatherby Athena Grade V Classic Field O/U
Weatherby Orion O/U Shotguns
Weatherby II, III Classic Field O/Us
Weatherby Orion II Classic Sporting Clays O/U
Weatherby Orion II Sporting Clays O/U
Winchester Model 1001 O/U Shotgun
Winchester Model 1001 Sporting Clays O/U
Pietro Zanoletti Model 2000 Field O/U
Shotguns--Side by Sides
American Arms Brittany Shotgun
American Arms Gentry Double Shotgun
American Arms Derby Side-by-Side
American Arms Grulla #2 Double Shotgun
American Arms WS/SS 10
American Arms TS/SS 10 Double Shotgun
American Arms TS/SS 12 Side-by-Side
Arrieta Sidelock Double Shotguns
Armsport 1050 Series Double Shotguns
Arizaga Model 31 Double Shotgun
AYA Boxlock Shotguns
AYA Sidelock Double Shotguns
Beretta Model 452 Sidelock Shotgun
Beretta Side-by-Side Field Shotguns
Crucelegui Hermanos Model 150 Double
Chapuis Side-by-Side Shotgun
E.A.A./Sabatti Saba-Mon Double Shotgun
Charles Daly Model Dss Double
Ferlib Model F VII Double Shotgun
Auguste Francotte Boxlock Shotgun
Auguste Francotte Sidelock Shotgun
Garbi Model 100 Double
Garbi Model 101 Side-by-Side
Garbi Model 103A, B Side-by-Side
Garbi Model 200 Side-by-Side
Bill Hanus Birdgun Doubles
Hatfield Uplander Shotgun
Merkell Model 8, 47E Side-by-Side Shotguns
Merkel Model 47LSC Sporting Clays Double
Merkel Model 47S, 147S Side-by-Sides
Parker Reproductions Side-by-Side
Piotti King No. 1 Side-by-Side
Piotti Lunik Side-by-Side
Piotti King Extra Side-by-Side
Piotti Piuma Side-by-Side
Precision Sports Model 600 Series Doubles
Rizzini Boxlock Side-by-Side
Rizzini Sidelock Side-by-Side
Stoeger/IGA Uplander Side-by-Side Shotgun
Ugartechea 10-Ga. Magnum Shotgun
Shotguns--Bolt Actions & Single Shots
Armsport Single Barrel Shotgun
Browning BT-99 Competition Trap Special
Browning BT-99 Plus Trap Gun
Browning BT-99 Plus Micro
Browning Recoilless Trap Shotgun
Browning Micro Recoilless Trap Shotgun
Desert Industries Big Twenty Shotgun
Harrington & Richardson Topper Model 098
Harrington & Richardson Topper Classic Youth Shotgun
Harrington & Richardson N.W.T.F. Turkey Mag
Harrington & Richardson Topper Deluxe Model 098
Krieghoff KS-5 Trap Gun
Krieghoff KS-5 Special
Krieghoff K-80 Single Barrel Trap Gun
Ljutic Mono Gun Single Barrel
Ljutic LTX Super Deluxe Mono Gun
Ljutic Recoilless Space Gun Shotgun
Marlin Model 55 Goose Gun Bolt Action
New England Firearms Turkey and Goose Gun
New England Firearms N.W.T.F. Shotgun
New England Firearms Tracker Slug Gun
New England Firearms Standard Pardner
New England Firearms Survival Gun
Perazzi TM1 Special Single Trap
Remington 90-T Super Single Shotgun
Snake Charmer II Shotgun
Stoeger/IGA Reuna Single Barrel Shotgun
Thompson/Center TCR '87 Hunter Shotgun.''.
(c) Registration of Future Transfers of Prohibited
Weapons.--Section 5845(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 is amended in the first sentence--
(1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (7);
(2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (8) and
inserting ``; and (9) a prohibited weapon (as defined in
section 921 of title 18, United States Code).''.
(d) Identification Marking.--Section 923(i) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the
following new sentence: ``The serial number of any prohibited
weapon manufactured after the date of enactment of this
section shall clearly show the date on which the weapon was
manufactured.''.
(e) Penalty.--
(1) Violation of section 922(2).--Section 924(a)(1)(B) of
title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 308(b),
is amended by striking ``or (y)'' and inserting ``(y), or
(z)''.
(2) Use or possession during crime of violence or drug
trafficking crime.--Section 924(c)(1) of title 18, United
States Code, is amended in the first sentence by inserting
``, or semiautomatic assault weapon'' after ``short-barreled
shotgun,''.
SEC. 402. FIREARMS AND CHILD SAFETY.
(a) Unlawful Act.--Section 922 of title 18, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
``(aa)(1) It shall be unlawful for a person to manufacture
or import a firearm that does not have as an integral part a
device or devices that--
``(A) prevent a child of less than 7 years of age from
discharging the firearm by reason of the amount of strength,
dexterity, cognitive skill, or other ability required to
cause a discharge;
``(B) prevent a firearm that has a removable magazine from
discharging when the magazine has been removed; and
``(C) in the case of a handgun other than a revolver,
clearly indicate whether the magazine or chamber contains a
round of ammunition.
``(2) Paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to the
manufacture or importation by or for the United States or a
department or agency thereof or a State or a department,
agency, or political subdivision thereof.''.
(b) Penalty.--Section 924(a)(5) of title 18, United States
Code, as amended by section 204(c), is amended by striking
``or (x)'' and inserting ``(x), or (aa)''.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section
shall become effective on the date that is 1 year after the
date of enactment of this Act.
____
Statement of Sarah Brady, Chair, Handgun Control, Inc., February 28,
1994
Today we mark the first day under the Brady Law. It's been
a long struggle, and we've heard a lot in recent days about
whether the Brady bill will reduce gun-related violence in
our society. The answer is, absolutely. Today, for the first
time, America's law enforcement officials will be able to
enforce a 25-year-old law on a national level. The 1968 Gun
Control Act prohibits convicted felons and others from
purchasing guns, but it failed to include a federal
enforcement mechanism. While half of the states in this
country enacted waiting periods and background checks to
screen out illegal purchasers, the other half did not. Today,
law enforcement in every state will finally have the means to
keep handguns out of the hands of criminals.
We've also heard a lot in recent days about the confusion
surrounding implementation of the Brady Law. Remember, this
is the first significant change in 25 years--some confusion
is to be expected. But nearly half the states currently
conduct background checks, and have successfully stopped
thousands upon thousands of prohibited persons from
purchasing handguns over the years. Cops have been the
biggest supporters of the Brady Bill because police know what
will work--and they have said over and over that they would
rather spend the time and resources preventing crimes than
mopping up after a crime has been committed.
In addition, the Brady law closes the loophole that
currently enables criminals to travel from states with tough
gun laws into states with weak or no gun laws to buy the
weapons that fuel the illegal market. More than 90% of
Americans wanted the Brady Law; 87% of gun owners supported
the legislation. The Brady Law will work. It must be given
time to do what it is intended to do. The Brady Law will make
a difference.
But for all that the Brady Law will do, we know that we
need to do more. In December, Handgun Control unveiled a
comprehensive package of initiatives designed to end
America's epidemic of gun violence. Today, that plan is being
introduced as legislation in the 103rd Session of Congress by
my two good friends, Senator Howard Metzenbaum and
Congressman Charles Schumer. Senators Pell, Bradley,
Lautenberg, Boxer, Chafee and Kennedy are original co-
sponsors. The Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1994
includes measures that Handgun Control has long espoused--
such as licensing of handgun owners, registration of handgun
purchases, and limits of those purchases to one per month. It
is especially meaningful to Jim and I that Senator Kennedy
will be with us as a leader in this campaign, for it was his
legislation calling for licensing and registration--more than
twenty years ago--that helped move this country in the
direction of saner gun laws.
The National Center for Health Statistics estimates that by
the year 2003, death from gunshot wounds will exceed
automobile fatalities. We must begin our efforts to turn that
terrible trend around. We must begin with a strong
comprehensive plan of action, and we must begin now.
____
Statement of James Brady, February 28, 1994
Last night, Sarah and I hosted an ``end of the wild west''
party to celebrate the implementation of the Brady Law. For
that is what today marks--the end of unchecked access to guns
by criminals, the deranged, and children. And while there is
clearly reason to celebrate, we know that there is much more
to do.
Almost daily, we pick up our morning newspapers and we read
of gun-related tragedies. Too often, these tragedies involve
innocent children. So while the gun lobby continues to argue
that gun control legislation will not reduce gun crime, I
will continue to ask, what crimes have our children committed
that they deserve to live in fear of being mowed down as they
walk to school? Of what are they guilty that they should be
planning their own funerals instead of planning for their
proms or graduations?
I believe that it is we who are guilty--for allowing the
special interest gun lobby to run rough shod over public
opinion for too long. But no longer. Today, the Brady Bill is
the law of the land. And today, I begin the campaign for
``Brady II,'' a comprehensive legislative plan to end
America's epidemic of gun violence. Sarah and I are in this
for the long haul. For as long as it takes until we can
proudly say that the United States has a sensible national
gun control policy.
Mr. BRADLEY. Mr. President, I rise as an original cosponsor to speak
in support of the Gun Violence Prevention Act. I want to congratulate
the Senator from Ohio [Mr. Metzenbaum] for his work on this bill. In
addition, on the day after the historic Brady bill went into effect, I
want to thank Jim and Sarah Brady for working so diligently to
highlight the need for comprehensive handgun legislation. The Brady
bill was a good first step, and this legislation is an important second
step in the process of curbing irresponsible handgun use in this
country.
Every year, more than 24,000 Americans--65 a day--are killed with
handguns, in homicides, by committing suicide, and by unintentional
injuries. Handguns account for only one-third of all firearms, but are
responsible for two-thirds of all firearm-related deaths. Handguns are
used in about 80 percent of all firearm murders. Ninety-five percent of
the people injured by a handgun each year require emergency care or
hospitalization. Of these, 68 percent require overnight care and 32
percent require a hospital stay of 8 days or more. In 1991, the United
States led the developed world with 14,373 gun murders, as compared to
186 gun murders in Canada, 76 in Australia, 60 in England, and 74 in
Japan. One difference between the United States and the other countries
cited is that the other countries all have much stricter gun control
laws.
A new handgun is produced every 20 seconds in America. For at least a
decade now, almost half of America's households have contained at least
one gun and at least 25 percent have owned a handgun. According to one
commentator, ``Gun ownership has become so pervasive that the mere fact
of possession has become a problem in and of itself. The presence of
guns, especially handguns in homes, has begun to be recognized as a
danger to the families who lives in those homes.''
Some will argue that these grim statistics are the result of weak law
enforcement, light sentencing, legitimate fear, and the waning of
family values. Others will argue that they are the result of
joblessness, poverty, and long-term neglect of our most violent
neighborhoods. I have no doubt that the growing rate of violent
activity has been aggravated in part by all these factors. But
accepting many of these causes of handgun violence does not erase the
reality that crime and deviant behavior have become much more of a
burden on our society because of the explosive growth in handguns.
Disputes that were settled with fists and knives 10 years ago are now
being settled with guns. The number, availability, and destructive
ability of handguns has contributed significantly to this tragedy.
The purpose of this bill is to make it at least as difficult to use a
handgun as it is to drive a car. When the evidence on the danger of
handguns is made clear to us on a daily basis, it is irresponsible to
allow an instrument which can cause so much physical and psychological
damage to be made available to people on such a liberal basis.
This bill makes it illegal to purchase a handgun without a valid,
State-issued handgun license. The license would be similar to a
driver's license and consist of an identification card with a
photograph. In order to acquire the license, a person would have to
undergo a background check, present proof of residency in the State of
purchase, get fingerprinted, and pass a handgun safety course offered
by a local law enforcement officer. Only new purchases of handguns
would require a license. Those who currently possess handguns would not
have to acquire a license unless they wanted to purchase more handguns.
To stop the transfer of handguns from strawman purchasers to
criminals and others intending to commit crimes, this legislation
requires that all handgun transfers be registered with local officials.
If the person transferring the weapon does not register the transfer,
he or she will be in violation of Federal law.
To curb interstate gun running, this bill limits the purchase of a
handgun by any one person to one gun a month. When this provision goes
into effect, maybe Interstate 95 will lose its nickname, the ``Iron
Road,'' as it becomes less easy to run guns from States with little gun
control to States, like New Jersey, that already enjoy some of the
protections in this bill.
I am particularly pleased, Mr. President, that this bill incorporates
my legislation, S. 1798, which increases the licensing fees for
federally licensed firearm dealers. In addition to existing
requirements, federally licensed firearm dealers would have to prove
that they are in compliance with State and local laws, pass background
checks, and pay $3,000 for a 3-year license. Today, there are more gun
dealers than gas stations and grocery stores. This is outrageous, and I
hope these provisions will change that situation.
Mr. President, this bill does prohibit the manufacture of
semiautomatic assault weapons and Saturday night specials and
ammunition which has no purpose other than to inflict as much damage on
the human body as possible. But this bill does not restrict the
purchase of any legitimate sporting weapons. Rifle and shotgun
purchases are not affected. The bill is narrowly drafted to affect only
those instruments and practices that are causing a disproportionate
amount of the carnage.
In closing, Mr. President, we must continue our fight to end the
death and destruction of our children and our families, which is too
easily becoming a fact of life in our cities and towns. I urge support
for this responsible handgun licensing and registration legislation.
______
By Mr. INOUYE (for himself, Mr. Stevens, Mr. Hollings, and Mr.
Danforth):
S. 1883. A bill to authorize appropriations for the promotion and
development of the U.S. national telecommunications and information
infrastructure, and the construction and planning of public
broadcasting facilities, and for other purposes; to the Committee on
Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
national telecommunications and information administration
authorization act
Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, I insert into the Record
legislation to reauthorize the National Telecommunications and
Information Administration [NTIA] of the Department of Commerce. The
bill reauthorizes funding for NTIA, the Public Telecommunications
Facilities Program [PTFP], Peacesat and the Children's Endowment Fund.
In addition, the bill includes authorizing language for the
administration's Telecommunications and Information Infrastructure
Program [TIIP]. The TIIP is one component of Vice President Gore's
National Information Infrastructure [NII] initiative! I applaud the
administration for suggesting this initiative and I am looking forward
to working with the administration to ensure that this program is
funded.
NTIA serves as the principal adviser to the President for
communications policy. NTIA's role has become more prominent in recent
years as the development of the telecommunications industry has become
more integral to our country's economic growth. Consequently, NTIA
plays a larger role within the administration's plans in the
formulation of policy and the growth of our economy than at any other
time in its brief history.
Currently, the Commerce Committee is considering legislation to
update the 1934 Communications Act with the goal of preserving
universal service in a competitive marketplace. NTIA has recently
completed two hearings on universal service in New Mexico and Los
Angeles. I think NTIA is serving the administration well in reaching
out to identify the problems of universal service in rural and inner
city America. I encourage NTIA to continue those efforts.
NTIA also administers the Federal Government's allocation of
spectrum. Last year the Congress passed legislation requiring NTIA to
reassess the Federal Government's spectrum needs and identify 200
megahertz for reassignment to the private sector. The first stage of
that process is complete and has been successful. The transfer of that
spectrum to the private sector is needed to allow the U.S. to develop
more advanced wireless technologies. The bill authorizes funding for
NTIA for fiscal years 1994 and 1995 at the levels requested by the
administration. For fiscal year 1994, the bill authorizes $21,927,000
and for fiscal year 1995 the bill authorizes an increase in funding to
$22,203,000.
The bill also authorizes two assistance programs. Traditionally,
Congress has authorized PTFP as part of the authorization for the
Corporation for Public Broadcasting, but it is being authorized with
NTIA this year because of the changes being made to the PTFP in
conjunction with the TIIP grant program.
The bill renames the PTFP as the Public Broadcasting Facilities
Program [PBFP]. It is my understanding that PBFP's objectives will
continue to fund new as well as replacement equipment, strengthen and
extend the delivery of public broadcasting services and increase public
broadcasting services and facilities to unserved areas as well as
underserved segments of the population.
I have been a long-time supporter of public broadcasting. The PBFP is
critical to the future of public broadcasting. I think it is important
that we ensure the continued viability of the Public Broadcasting
System. Therefore, the bill authorizes the PBFP at $42 million for
fiscal year 1995 and 1996--the same levels authorized for the PTFP in
fiscal year 1992, 1993, and 1994.
The bill also includes authorization for the administration's TIIP
proposal. The TIIP grants fund development projects to facilitate
access by schools and hospitals to advanced telecommunications
technologies. The funds will permit the use of interactive data, voice,
and video telecommunications capabilities by schools, libraries, health
care facilities, museums, public safety and other social and community
service entities.
The bill authorizes NTIA to award TIIP grants for up to 50 percent of
the total project cost for the proposed demonstrations. Projects will
be evaluated based on criteria that are designed to achieve the
expansion of telecommunications and information infrastructure. The
bill includes the authorization levels requested by the administration
of $51 million for fiscal year 1994, $100 million for fiscal year 1995,
and $150 million for fiscal year 1996.
The bill also reauthorizes funding for the Pan-Pacific Educational
and Cultural Experiments by Satellite [PEACESAT]. Through NTIA's
efforts, the PEACESAT Program has been a tremendous success. NTIA is
continuing its effort to find the lowest-cost alternative to the
G.O.E.S. Satellite that PEACESAT will use through the end of 1994. The
bill authorizes $1.5 million in funding to ensure that NTIA can secure
a replacement satellite for 1995.
Finally, the bill reauthorizes the National Endowment for Children's
Educational Television [NECET] for $5 million in fiscal year 1995 and
fiscal year 1996. NTIA conducted its first grant round last year and
issued grants to 12 organizations in 8 States. The matching grants
totalling $2.4 million in funds will support projects that enhance the
children's education. I urge my colleagues to support this
measure.
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