Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018 Public Law 115–180, as amended Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018 180 117–350 Statute Compilation United States House of Representatives Office of the Legislative Counsel text/xml EN Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain. GPO Statute Compilations USLM converter, version 20210527.1 2023-03-17 Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018 Childhood Cancer STAR Act 17319 115 2018-06-05 Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018 [(Public Law 115–180)] [As Amended Through P.L. 117–350, Enacted January 5, 2023] [Currency: This publication is a compilation of the text of Public Law 115-180. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps/] [Note: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).]
AN ACTTo maximize discovery, and accelerate development and availability, of promising childhood cancer treatments, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. [42 U.S.C. 201 note] SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) Short Title.—This Act may be cited as the “Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018” or the “Childhood Cancer STAR Act”. (b) Table of Contents.—The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. TITLE I— Subtitle A— Sec. 101. Sec. 102. Subtitle B— Sec. 111. Sec. 112. Subtitle C— Sec. 121. TITLE II— Sec. 201. Sec. 202. Sec. 203. Sec. 204.
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="I">TITLE I—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">MAXIMIZING RESEARCH THROUGH DISCOVERY </heading> <subtitle identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA" style="-uslm-dtd:subtitle" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">Subtitle A—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Caroline Pryce Walker Conquer Childhood Cancer Reauthorization Act </heading> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s101" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="101">SEC. 101. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">CHILDREN’S CANCER BIOREPOSITORIES AND BIOSPECIMEN RESEARCH. </heading> <chapeau class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 417E of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285a-11) is amended—</chapeau> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s101/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">in the section heading, by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">research and awareness</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">research, awareness, and survivorship</quotedText>”;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s101/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block"> <subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">“(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Children’s Cancer Biorepositories.—</heading> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">“(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Award.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary, acting through the Director of NIH, may make awards to an entity or entities described in paragraph (4) to build upon existing research efforts to collect biospecimens and clinical and demographic information of children, adolescents, and young adults with selected cancer subtypes (and their recurrences) for which current treatments are least effective, in order to achieve a better understanding of the causes of such cancer subtypes (and their recurrences), and the effects and outcomes of treatments for such cancers.</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">“(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Use of funds.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Amounts received under an award under paragraph (1) may be used to carry out the following:</chapeau> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Collect and store high-quality, donated biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic information on children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with cancer in the United States, focusing on children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer enrolled in clinical trials for whom current treatments are least effective. Activities under this subparagraph may include storage of biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic data at existing biorepositories supported by the National Cancer Institute.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Maintain an interoperable, secure, and searchable database on stored biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic data from children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer for the purposes of research by scientists and qualified health care professionals.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">“(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Establish and implement procedures for evaluating applications for access to such biospecimens and clinical and demographic data from researchers and other qualified health care professionals.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">“(D) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Provide access to biospecimens and clinical and demographic data from children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer to researchers and qualified health care professionals for peer-reviewed research—</chapeau> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">“(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">consistent with the procedures established pursuant to subparagraph (C);</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">only to the extent permitted by applicable Federal and State law; and</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">“(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">in a manner that protects personal privacy to the extent required by applicable Federal and State privacy law, at minimum.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">“(3) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">No requirement.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">No child, adolescent, or young adult with cancer shall be required under this subsection to contribute a specimen to a biorepository or share clinical or demographic data.</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">“(4) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Application; considerations.—</heading> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Application.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">To be eligible to receive an award under paragraph (1) an entity shall submit an application to the Secretary at such a time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may reasonably require.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Considerations.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">In evaluating applications submitted under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider the existing infrastructure of the entity that would allow for the timely capture of biospecimens and related clinical and demographic information for children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer for whom current treatments are least effective.</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">“(5) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Privacy protections and informed consent.—</heading> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In general.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary may not make an award under paragraph (1) to an entity unless the Secretary ensures that such entity—</chapeau> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">“(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">collects biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic information only from participants who have given their informed consent in accordance with Federal and State law; and</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">protects personal privacy to the extent required by applicable Federal and State law, at minimum.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Informed consent.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary shall ensure biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic information are collected with informed consent, as described in subparagraph (A)(i).</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">“(6) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Guidelines and oversight.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary shall develop and disseminate appropriate guidelines for the development and maintenance of the biorepositories supported under this subsection, including appropriate oversight, to facilitate further research on select cancer subtypes (and their recurrences) in children, adolescents, and young adults with such cancers (and their recurrences).</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="7">“(7) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Coordination.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">To encourage the greatest possible efficiency and effectiveness of federally supported efforts with respect to the activities described in this subsection, the Secretary shall ensure the appropriate coordination of programs supported under this section with existing federally supported cancer registry programs and the activities under section 399E-1, as appropriate.</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="8">“(8) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Supplement not supplant.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Funds provided under this subsection shall be used to supplement, and not supplant, Federal and non-Federal funds available for carrying out the activities described in this subsection.</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="9">“(9) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Report.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Not later than 4 years after the date of enactment of the Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on—</chapeau> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the number of biospecimens and corresponding clinical demographic data collected through the biospecimen research efforts supported under paragraph (1);</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the number of biospecimens and corresponding clinical demographic data requested for use by researchers;</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">“(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">barriers to the collection of biospecimens and corresponding clinical demographic data;</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">“(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">barriers experienced by researchers or health care professionals in accessing the biospecimens and corresponding clinical demographic data necessary for use in research; and</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="E">“(E) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">recommendations with respect to improving the biospecimen and biorepository research efforts under this subsection.</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="10">“(10) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Definitions.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">For purposes of this subsection:</chapeau> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Award.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term ‘<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">award</quotedText>’ includes a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement determined by the Secretary.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Biospecimen.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term ‘<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">biospecimen</quotedText>’ includes—</chapeau> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">“(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">solid tumor tissue or bone marrow;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">normal or control tissue;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">“(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">blood and plasma;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iv">“(iv) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">DNA and RNA extractions;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="v">“(v) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">familial DNA; and</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vi">“(vi) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">any other sample relevant to cancer research, as required by the Secretary.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">“(C) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Clinical and demographic information.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term ‘<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">clinical and demographic information</quotedText>’ includes—</chapeau> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">“(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">date of diagnosis;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">age at diagnosis;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">“(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the patient’s sex, race, ethnicity, and environmental exposures;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iv">“(iv) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">extent of disease at enrollment;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="v">“(v) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">site of metastases;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vi">“(vi) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">location of primary tumor coded;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vii">“(vii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">histologic diagnosis;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="viii">“(viii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">tumor marker data when available;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ix">“(ix) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">treatment and outcome data;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="x">“(x) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">information related to specimen quality; and</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="xi">“(xi) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">any other applicable information required by the Secretary.”</content> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection></quotedContent>; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s101/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">in subsection (c), by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">(42 U.S.C. 202 note)</quotedText>”.</content> </paragraph> </section> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="102">SEC. 102. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">IMPROVING CHILDHOOD CANCER SURVEILLANCE. </heading> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 399E-1 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 280e-3a) is amended—</chapeau> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">in subsection (a)—</chapeau> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/1/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">shall award a grant</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">may make awards to State cancer registries</quotedText>”; and</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/1/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">track the epidemiology of pediatric cancer into a comprehensive nationwide registry of actual occurrences of pediatric cancer</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">collect information to better understand the epidemiology of cancer in children, adolescents, and young adults</quotedText>”; and</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/1/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking the second sentence and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">Such registries may be updated to include each occurrence of 132 STAT. 1386such cancers within a period of time designated by the Secretary.</quotedText>”;</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (d);</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by inserting after subsection (a) the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block"> <subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">“(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Activities.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The grants described in subsection (a) may be used for—</chapeau> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">“(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">identifying, recruiting, and training potential sources for reporting childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer cases;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">“(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">developing practices to ensure early inclusion of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer cases in State cancer registries through the use of electronic reporting;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">“(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">collecting and submitting deidentified data to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for inclusion in a national database that includes information on childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancers; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">“(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">improving State cancer registries and the database described in paragraph (3), as appropriate, including to support the early inclusion of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer cases.</content> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="c">“(c) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Coordination.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">To encourage the greatest possible efficiency and effectiveness of federally supported efforts with respect to the activities described in this section, the Secretary shall ensure the appropriate coordination of programs supported under this section with other federally supported cancer registry programs and the activities under section 417E(a), as appropriate.”</content> </subsection></quotedContent>; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/a/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">registry established pursuant to subsection (a)</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">activities described in this section</quotedText>”.</content> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Authorization of Appropriations.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 417E(d) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285a-11(d)) is amended—</chapeau> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/b/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">2009 through 2013</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">2019 through 2023</quotedText>”; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stA/s102/b/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking the second sentence.</content> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB" style="-uslm-dtd:subtitle" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">Subtitle B—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Pediatric Expertise at NIH </heading> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB/s111" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="111">SEC. 111. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">INCLUSION OF AT LEAST ONE PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGIST ON THE NATIONAL CANCER ADVISORY BOARD. </heading> <chapeau class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">Clause (iii) of section 406(h)(2)(A) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 284a(h)(2)(A)) is amended—</chapeau> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB/s111/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">Board not less than five</quotedText>” and inserting<quotedContent class="inline" style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block"><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">“Board—</chapeau> <subclause style="-uslm-dtd:subclause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="I">“(I) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">not less than 5”</content> </subclause></quotedContent>;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB/s111/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">and</quotedText>” after the semicolon; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB/s111/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by adding at the end the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block"> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="II">“(II) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">not less than one member shall be an individual knowledgeable in pediatric oncology;”</content> </subparagraph></quotedContent>.</content> </paragraph> </section> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stB/s112" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="112">SEC. 112. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING PEDIATRIC EXPERTISE AT THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE. </heading> <content class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">It is the sense of Congress that the Director of the National Cancer Institute should ensure that all applicable study sections, committees, advisory groups, and panels at the National Cancer Institute include one or more qualified pediatric oncologists, as appropriate.</content> </section> </subtitle> <subtitle identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stC" style="-uslm-dtd:subtitle" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">Subtitle C—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">NIH Reporting on Childhood Cancer Activities </heading> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tI/stC/s121" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="121">SEC. 121. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">REPORTING ON CHILDHOOD CANCER RESEARCH PROJECTS. </heading> <content class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall ensure that childhood cancer research projects conducted or supported by the National Institutes of Health are included in appropriate reports to Congress, which may include the Pediatric Research Initiative report.</content> </section> </subtitle> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="II">TITLE II—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">MAXIMIZING DELIVERY: CARE, QUALITY OF LIFE, SURVIVORSHIP, AND CAREGIVER SUPPORT </heading> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="201">SEC. 201. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s285a-11">42 U.S.C. 285a-11 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">CANCER SURVIVORSHIP PROGRAMS. </heading> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Research to Evaluate Model Systems of Care for Pediatric Cancer Survivors.—</heading> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In general.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this section as the “Secretary”) shall, as appropriate, make awards to eligible entities to conduct or support research to develop, study, or evaluate approaches for monitoring and caring for childhood and adolescent cancer survivors throughout their lifespan, including transition to adult care and care coordination.</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Awards.—</heading> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Types of entities.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">In making awards under this subsection, the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, within the existing peer review process, include—</chapeau> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/A/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">small, medium, and large-sized eligible entities; and</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/A/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">sites located in different geographic areas, including rural and urban areas.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Eligible entities.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">In this subsection, the term “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">eligible entity</quotedText>” means—</chapeau> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a medical school;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a children’s hospital;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B/iii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a cancer center;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B/iv" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iv">(iv) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a community-based medical facility; or</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/2/B/v" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="v">(v) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">any other entity with significant experience and expertise in carrying out the activities described in paragraph (1).</content> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Use of funds.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Funds awarded under this subsection may be used—</chapeau> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to develop, study, or evaluate one or more models for monitoring and caring for cancer survivors; and</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">in developing, studying, and evaluating such models, to give special emphasis to—</chapeau> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">design of models of follow-up care, monitoring, and other survivorship programs (including peer support and mentoring programs);</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">development of models for providing multidisciplinary care;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/iii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">dissemination of information to health care providers about culturally and linguistically appropriate follow-up care for cancer survivors and their families, as appropriate and practicable;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/iv" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iv">(iv) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">development of psychosocial and support programs to improve the quality of life of cancer survivors and their families, which may include peer support and mentoring programs;</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/v" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="v">(v) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">design tools to support the secure electronic transfer of treatment information and care summaries between health care providers or, as applicable and appropriate, longitudinal childhood cancer survivorship cohorts (including risk factors and a plan for recommended follow-up care);</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/vi" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vi">(vi) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">dissemination of the information and programs described in clauses (i) through (v) to other health care providers (including primary care physicians and internists) and to cancer survivors and their families, where appropriate and in accordance with Federal and State law; and</content> </clause> <clause identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/a/3/B/vii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vii">(vii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">development of initiatives that promote the coordination and effective transition of care between cancer care providers, primary care physicians, mental health professionals, and other health care professionals, as appropriate, including models that use a team-based or multi-disciplinary approach to care.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> </paragraph> </subsection> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Workforce Development for Health Care Providers on Medical and Psychosocial Care for Childhood Cancer Survivors.—</heading> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/b/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In general.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary shall, not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Reauthorization Act of 2022, conduct a review of the activities of the Department of Health and Human Services related to workforce development for health care providers who treat pediatric cancer patients and survivors. Such review shall include—</chapeau> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/b/1/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">identification of existing models relevant to providing medical and psychosocial services to individuals surviving pediatric cancers, and programs related to training for health professionals who provide such services to individuals surviving pediatric cancers; and</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/b/1/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">recommendations for enhancing or promoting activities of the Department of Health and Human Services related to workforce development for health care providers who provide psychosocial care to pediatric cancer patients and survivors.</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s201/b/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Report.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Reauthorization Act of 2022, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate and Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives, a report concerning the findings and recommendations from the review conducted under paragraph (1).</content> </paragraph> </subsection> </section> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s202" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="202">SEC. 202. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">GRANTS TO IMPROVE CARE FOR PEDIATRIC CANCER SURVIVORS. </heading> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s202/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 417E of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285a-11), as amended by section 101, is further amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block"> <subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">“(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Improving Care for Pediatric Cancer Survivors.—</heading> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">“(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Research on pediatric cancer survivorship.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Director of NIH, in coordination with ongoing research activities, may continue to conduct or support pediatric cancer survivorship research including in any of the following areas:</chapeau> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">“(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Outcomes of pediatric cancer survivors, including within minority or other medically underserved populations and with respect to health disparities of such outcomes.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Barriers to follow-up care for pediatric cancer survivors, including within minority or other medically underserved populations.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">“(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The impact of relevant factors, which may include familial, socioeconomic, and other environmental factors, on treatment outcomes and survivorship.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">“(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The development of indicators used for long-term follow-up and analysis of the late effects of cancer treatment for pediatric cancer survivors.</content> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="E">“(E) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The identification of, as applicable—</chapeau> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">“(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">risk factors associated with the late effects of cancer treatment;</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">predictors of adverse neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes; and</content> </clause> <clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">“(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the molecular basis of long-term complications.</content> </clause> </subparagraph> <subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="F">“(F) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The development of targeted interventions to reduce the burden of morbidity borne by cancer survivors in order to protect such cancer survivors from the late effects of cancer.</content> </subparagraph> </paragraph> <paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">“(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Balanced approach.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">In conducting or supporting research under paragraph (1)(A)(i) on pediatric cancer survivors within minority or other medically underserved populations, the Director of NIH shall ensure that such research addresses both the physical and the psychological needs of such survivors, as appropriate.”</content> </paragraph> </subsection></quotedContent>.</content> </subsection> </section> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="203">SEC. 203. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s285a-11">42 U.S.C. 285a-11 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">BEST PRACTICES FOR LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP SERVICES FOR PEDIATRIC CANCER SURVIVORS. </heading> <chapeau class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary of Health and Human Services may facilitate the identification of best practices for childhood and adolescent cancer survivorship care, and, as appropriate, may consult with individuals who have expertise in late effects of disease and treatment of childhood and adolescent cancers, which may include—</chapeau> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">oncologists, which may include pediatric oncologists;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">primary care providers engaged in survivorship care;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">parents of children and adolescents who have been diagnosed with and treated for cancer and parents of long-term survivors;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/5" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">nurses and social workers;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/6" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">(6) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">mental health professionals;</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/7" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="7">(7) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">allied health professionals, including physical therapists and occupational therapists; and</content> </paragraph> <paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s203/8" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="8">(8) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">others, as the Secretary determines appropriate.</content> </paragraph> </section> <section identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s204" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="204">SEC. 204. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">TECHNICAL AMENDMENT. </heading> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s204/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s285a-10">42 U.S.C. 285a-10</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 3 of the Hematological Cancer Research Investment and Education Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-172; 116 Stat. 541) is amended by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">section 419C</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">section 417C</quotedText>”.</content> </subsection> <subsection identifier="/us/sComp/115/180/tII/s204/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC"> <num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s285a-10">42 U.S.C. 285a-10 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Effective Date.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take effect as if included in section 3 of the Hematological Cancer Research Investment and Education Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-172; 116 Stat. 541).</content> </subsection> </section>