Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act
Public Law 106–177, as amended
Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act
177
116–277
Statute Compilation
United States House of Representatives
Office of the Legislative Counsel
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
GPO Statute Compilations USLM converter, version 20210527.1
2021-10-15
Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act
Jennifer's Law
Jennifer’s Law
15896
106
2000-03-10
Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act
[(Public Law 106–177)]
[As Amended Through P.L. 116–277, Enacted December 31, 2020]
[Currency: This publication is a compilation of the text of Public Law 106–177. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps/]
[Note: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).]
AN ACTTo reduce the incidence of child abuse and neglect, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="I">TITLE I—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">THE CHILD ABUSE PREVENTION AND ENFORCEMENT ACT </heading>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s101" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="101">SEC. 101. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s10101">34 U.S.C. 10101 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">SHORT TITLE. </heading>
<content style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">This title may be cited as the “<shortTitle style="-uslm-dtd:quote"><inline style="-uslm-dtd:short-title">Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act</inline></shortTitle>”.</content>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s102" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="102">SEC. 102. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">GRANT PROGRAM. </heading>
<content style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">Section 102(b) of the Crime Identification Technology Act of 1998 (42 U.S.C. 14601(b)) is amended by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">and</quotedText>” at the end of paragraph (15), by striking the period at the end of paragraph (16) and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">; and</quotedText>”, and by adding after paragraph (16) the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block">
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="17">“(17) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the capability of the criminal justice system to deliver timely, accurate, and complete criminal history record information to child welfare agencies, organizations, and programs that are engaged in the assessment of risk and other activities related to the protection of children, including protection against child sexual abuse, and placement of children in foster care.”</content>
</paragraph></quotedContent>.</content>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s103" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="103">SEC. 103. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">USE OF FUNDS UNDER BYRNE GRANT PROGRAM FOR CHILD PROTECTION. </heading>
<chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">Section 501(b) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3751) is amended—</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s103/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">and</quotedText>” at the end of paragraph (25);</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s103/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking the period at the end of paragraph (26) and inserting a semicolon; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s103/3" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by adding at the end the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block">
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="27">“(27) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">enforcing child abuse and neglect laws, including laws protecting against child sexual abuse, and promoting programs designed to prevent child abuse and neglect; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="28">“(28) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">establishing or supporting cooperative programs between law enforcement and media organizations, to collect, record, retain, and disseminate information useful in the identification and apprehension of suspected criminal offenders.”</content>
</paragraph></quotedContent>.</content>
</paragraph>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s104" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="104">SEC. 104. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">CONDITIONAL ADJUSTMENT IN SET ASIDE FOR CHILD ABUSE VICTIMS UNDER THE VICTIMS OF CRIME ACT OF 1984. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s104/a" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Section 1402(d)(2) of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10601(d)(2)) is amended—</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s104/a/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by striking “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">(2) The first $10,000,000</quotedText>” and inserting “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the first $10,000,000</quotedText>”; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s104/a/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">by adding at the end the following:<quotedContent style="-uslm-dtd:quoted-block">
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC" class="leftIndentDecrease1">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">“(B)</num><clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC" class="inline"><num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">For any fiscal year for which the amount deposited in the Fund is greater than the amount deposited in the Fund for fiscal year 1998, the $10,000,000 referred to in subparagraph (A) plus an amount equal to 50 percent of the increase in the amount from fiscal year 1998 shall be available for grants under section 1404A.</content></clause>
<clause style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC" class="leftIndentDecrease1">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">“(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Amounts available under this subparagraph for any fiscal year shall not exceed $20,000,000.”</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph></quotedContent>.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tI/s104/b" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Interaction With Any Cap.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Subsection (a) shall be implemented so that any increase in funding provided thereby shall operate notwithstanding any dollar limitation on the availability of the Crime Victims Fund established under the Victims of Crime Act of 1984.</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="II">TITLE II—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">JENNIFER’S LAW </heading>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s201" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="201">SEC. 201. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s10101">34 U.S.C. 10101
note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">SHORT TITLE. </heading>
<content style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">This title may be cited as “<shortTitle style="-uslm-dtd:quote"><inline style="-uslm-dtd:short-title">Jennifer’s Law</inline></shortTitle>”.</content>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="202">SEC. 202. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s40501">34 U.S.C. 40501</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">PROGRAM AUTHORIZED. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Grants authorized.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Attorney General may award grants to eligible entities described in paragraph (2) to enable the eligible entities to improve the transportation, processing, identification, and reporting of missing persons and unidentified remains, including migrants.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Eligible entities.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Eligible entities described in this paragraph are the following:</chapeau>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/A" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">States and units of local government.</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/B" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Accredited, publicly funded, Combined DNA Index System (commonly known as “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">CODIS</quotedText>”) forensic laboratories, which demonstrate the grant funds will be used for DNA typing and uploading biological family DNA reference samples, including samples from foreign nationals, into CODIS, subject to the protocols for inclusion of such forensic DNA profiles into CODIS, and the privacy protections required under section 203(c).</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/C" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Medical examiners offices.</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/D" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Accredited, publicly funded toxicology laboratories.</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/E" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="E">(E) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Accredited, publicly funded crime laboratories.</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/F" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="F">(F) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Publicly funded university forensic anthropology laboratories.</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s202/a/2/G" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="G">(G) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Nonprofit organizations that have working collaborative agreements with State and county forensic offices, including medical examiners, coroners, and justices of the peace, for entry of data into CODIS or the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (commonly known as “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">NamUs</quotedText>”), or both.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="203">SEC. 203. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s40502">34 U.S.C. 40502</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">ELIGIBILITY. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/a" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Application.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">To be eligible to receive a grant award under this title, an entity described in section 202 shall submit an application at such time and in such form as the Attorney General may reasonably require.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Contents.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Each such application shall include assurances that the applicant shall, to the greatest extent possible—</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">report to the National Crime Information Center and, when possible, to law enforcement authorities throughout the applicant's jurisdiction regarding every deceased unidentified person, regardless of age, found in the applicant's jurisdiction;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">enter a complete profile of such unidentified person in compliance with the guidelines established by the Department of Justice for the National Crime Information Center Missing and Unidentified Persons File, including dental records, DNA records, x-rays, and fingerprints, if available;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b/3" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">enter the National Crime Information Center number or other appropriate number assigned to the unidentified person on the death certificate of each such unidentified person; </content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b/4" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">retain all such records pertaining to unidentified persons until a person is identified; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/b/5" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">collect and report information to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) regarding missing persons and unidentified remains.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/c" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="c">(c) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Privacy Protections for Biological Family Reference Samples.—</heading>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/c/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In general.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Any suspected biological family DNA reference samples received from citizens of the United States or foreign nationals and uploaded into the Combined DNA Index System (commonly referred to as “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">CODIS</quotedText>”) by an accredited, publicly funded CODIS forensic laboratory awarded a grant under this section may be used only for identifying missing persons and unidentified remains.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s203/c/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Limitation on use.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Any biological family DNA reference samples from citizens of the United States or foreign nationals entered into CODIS for purposes of identifying missing persons and unidentified remains may not be disclosed to a Federal or State law enforcement agency for law enforcement purposes.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="205">SEC. 205.<ref style="-uslm-dtd:footnote-ref" idref="ID4B5012177731444593B4D8F0F54379CC" class="footnoteRef">1</ref> </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s40503">34 U.S.C. 40503</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">USE OF FUNDS. </heading>
<chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">An applicant receiving a grant award under this title may use such funds to—</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">pay for the costs incurred during or after fiscal year 2017 for the transportation, processing, identification, and reporting of missing persons and unidentified remains, including migrants;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">establish and expand programs developed to improve the reporting of unidentified persons in accordance with the assurances provided in the application submitted pursuant to section 203(b);</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205/3" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">hire and maintain additional DNA case analysts and technicians, fingerprint examiners, forensic odontologists, and forensic anthropologists, needed to support such identification programs; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205/4" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">procure and maintain state of the art multi-modal, multi-purpose forensic and DNA-typing and analytical equipment.</content>
</paragraph><footnote id="ID4B5012177731444593B4D8F0F54379CC" style="-uslm-dtd:footnote"><sup style="-uslm-dtd:superscript">1</sup><p style="-uslm-dtd:para; margin-left:1em">Section 2(a)(3) of Public Law 116-277 struck section 204 of this Act and inserted a new section 205. The amendment results in two section 205s’ in this Act.</p></footnote>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/106/177/tII/s205" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="205">SEC. 205. </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. </heading>
<content style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2000, 2001, and 2002.</content>
</section>