Kristen's Act
Public Law 106–468, as amended
Kristen's Act
468
116–277
Statute Compilation
United States House of Representatives
Office of the Legislative Counsel
text/xml
EN
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Kristen's Act
Kristen’s Act
14254
106
2000-11-09
Kristen's Act
[(Public Law 106–468)]
[As Amended Through P.L. 116–277, Enacted December 31, 2020]
[Currency: This publication is a compilation of the text of Public Law 106-468. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps]
[Note: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).]
AN ACTTo authorize the Attorney General to provide grants for organizations to find missing adults.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. [[42 U.S.C. 14661 note]] SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as “Kristen’s Act”.
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="I">TITLE I—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">GRANTS </heading>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="101">SEC. 101. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s14665">42 U.S.C. 14665</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">GRANTS FOR THE ASSISTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONS TO FIND MISSING ADULTS. </heading>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Attorney General may make grants to public agencies or nonprofit private organizations, or combinations thereof, for programs—</chapeau>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to assist law enforcement and families in locating missing adults;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to maintain a national, interconnected database for the purpose of tracking missing adults who are determined by law enforcement to be endangered due to age, diminished mental capacity, or the circumstances of disappearance, when foul play is suspected or circumstances are unknown;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to maintain statistical information of adults reported as missing;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to provide informational resources and referrals to families of missing adults;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/5" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to assist in public notification and victim advocacy related to missing adults; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/a/6" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">(6) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to establish and maintain a national clearinghouse for missing adults.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s101/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Regulations.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Attorney General may make such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out this title.</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tI/s102" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="102">SEC. 102. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t42/s14665">42 U.S.C. 14665 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">AUTHORIZATION OF FUNDING. </heading>
<content class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">To the extent provided in advance in appropriations Acts, the Attorney General is authorized to use funds appropriated for the operationalization, maintenance, and expansion of the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) for the purpose of carrying out this Act<ref class="footnoteRef" idref="ID5646686AC5654A008D195B1A67674702" style="-uslm-dtd:footnote-ref">1</ref></content><footnote id="ID5646686AC5654A008D195B1A67674702" style="-uslm-dtd:footnote"><sup style="-uslm-dtd:superscript">1</sup></footnote>
</section>
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="II">TITLE II—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">ASHANTI ALERT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK </heading>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201" role="definitions" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="201">SEC. 201. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21901">34 U.S.C. 21901</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">DEFINITIONS. </heading>
<chapeau class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">In this title:</chapeau>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">AMBER alert communications network.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">AMBER Alert communications network</term>” means the AMBER Alert communications network established under subtitle A of title III of the PROTECT Act (34 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Ashanti alert.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Ashanti Alert</term>” means an alert issued through the Ashanti Alert communications network, related to a missing adult.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Ashanti alert communications network.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Ashanti Alert communications network</term>” means the national communications network established by the Attorney General under section 202(a).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Ashanti alert coordinator of the department of justice; coordinator.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Ashanti Alert Coordinator of the Department of Justice</term>” or “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Coordinator</term>” means the employee designated by the Attorney General to act as the national coordinator of the Ashanti Alert communications network under section 203(a).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/5" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Ashanti alert plan.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Ashanti Alert plan</term>” means a local element of the Ashanti Alert communications network.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/6" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">(6) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Indian tribe.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Indian Tribe</term>” means a federally recognized Indian Tribe or a Native village, Regional Corporation, or Village Corporation (as those terms are defined in section 3 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602)).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/7" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="7">(7) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Missing adult.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">missing adult</term>” means an individual who—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/7/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">is older than the age for which an alert may be issued through the AMBER Alert communications network in the State or territory of an Indian Tribe in which the individual is identified as a missing individual;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/7/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">is identified by a law enforcement agency as a missing individual; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/7/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">meets the requirements to be designated as a missing adult, as determined by the State in which, or the Indian Tribe in the territory of which, the individual is identified as a missing individual.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s201/8" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="8">(8) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">State.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">State</term>” means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.</content>
</paragraph>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s202" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="202">SEC. 202. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21902">34 U.S.C. 21902</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">ASHANTI ALERT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK. </heading>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s202/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In General.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, establish a national communications network within the Office of Justice Programs of the Department of Justice to provide assistance to regional and local search efforts for missing adults through the initiation, facilitation, and promotion of local elements of the network, in coordination with States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other concerned entities with expertise in providing services to adults.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s202/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Integration With Existing Communications Network.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">In establishing the Ashanti Alert communications network under subsection (a), the Attorney General shall coordinate, when advisable, with missing person alert systems in existence as of the date of enactment of this title, such as the AMBER Alert communications network and Silver Alert communications networks.</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="203">SEC. 203. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21903">34 U.S.C. 21903</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">ASHANTI ALERT COORDINATOR. </heading>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">National Coordinator Within Department of Justice.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Attorney General shall designate an employee of the Office of Justice Programs of the Department of Justice to act as the national coordinator of the Ashanti Alert communications network.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Duties of the Coordinator.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">In acting as the national coordinator of the Ashanti Alert communications network, the Coordinator shall—</chapeau>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">work with States and Indian Tribes to encourage the development of additional Ashanti Alert plans in the network;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">establish voluntary guidelines for States and Indian Tribes to use in developing Ashanti Alert plans that will promote compatible and integrated Ashanti Alert plans throughout the United States, including—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a list of the resources necessary to establish an Ashanti Alert plan;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">criteria for evaluating whether a situation warrants issuing an Ashanti Alert, taking into consideration the need for the use of Ashanti Alerts to be limited in scope because the effectiveness of the Ashanti Alert communications network may be affected by overuse, including criteria to determine—</chapeau>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/B/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">whether the mental capacity of an adult who is missing, and the circumstances of his or her disappearance, including any history of domestic violence, sexual assault, child abuse, or human trafficking, warrant the issuance of an Ashanti Alert; and</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/B/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">whether the individual who reports that an adult is missing is an appropriate and credible source on which to base the issuance of an Ashanti Alert;</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a description of the appropriate uses of the Ashanti Alert name to readily identify the nature of search efforts for missing adults; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/2/D" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">recommendations on how to protect the privacy, dignity, independence, autonomy, and safety of any missing adult who may be the subject of an Ashanti Alert;</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">develop proposed protocols for efforts to recover missing adults and to reduce the number of adults who are reported missing, including protocols for procedures that are needed from the time of initial notification of a law enforcement agency that the adult is missing through the time of the return of the adult to family, guardian, or domicile, as appropriate, including—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">public safety communications protocol;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">case management protocol;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">command center operations;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/D" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">reunification protocol;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/E" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="E">(E) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">incident review, evaluation, debriefing, and public information procedures; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/3/F" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="F">(F) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">protocols for declining to issue an Ashanti Alert;</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">work with States and Indian Tribes to ensure appropriate regional coordination of various elements of the network;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">establish an advisory group to assist States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other entities involved in the Ashanti Alert communications network with initiating, facilitating, and promoting Ashanti Alert plans, which shall include—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">to the maximum extent practicable, representation from the various geographic regions of the United States; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">members who are—</chapeau>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5/B/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">representatives of adult citizen advocacy groups, law enforcement agencies, victim service providers (as defined in section 40002(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291(a)), and public safety communications;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5/B/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">broadcasters, first responders, dispatchers, and radio station personnel; and</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/5/B/iii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">representatives of any other individuals or organizations that the Coordinator determines are necessary to the success of the Ashanti Alert communications network; and</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/6" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">(6) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">act as the nationwide point of contact for—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/6/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the development of the network; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/b/6/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">regional coordination of alerts for missing adults through the network.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/c" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="c">(c) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Coordination.—</heading>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/c/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Coordination with other agencies.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Coordinator shall coordinate and consult with the Secretary of Transportation, the Federal Communications Commission, the Assistant Secretary for Aging of the Department of Health and Human Services, and other appropriate offices of the Department of Justice, including the Office on Violence Against Women, in carrying out activities under this title.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/c/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">State, tribal, and local coordination.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Coordinator shall consult with local broadcasters and State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies in establishing minimum standards under section 204 and in carrying out other activities under this title, as appropriate.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="d">(d) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Annual Reports.—</heading>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">In general.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this title, and annually thereafter, the Coordinator shall submit to Congress a report on—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/1/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the activities of the Coordinator; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/1/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the effectiveness and status of the Ashanti Alert plan of each State or Indian Tribe that has established or is in the process of establishing such a plan.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Contents.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Each report under paragraph (1) shall include—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a list of each State or Indian Tribe that has established an Ashanti Alert plan;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a list of each State or Indian Tribe that is in the process of establishing an Ashanti Alert plan;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">for each State or Indian Tribe that has established an Ashanti Alert plan, to the extent the data is available—</chapeau>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the number of Ashanti Alerts issued;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the number of missing adults located successfully;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/iii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iii">(iii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the average period of time between the issuance of an Ashanti Alert and the location of the missing adult for whom the Alert was issued;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/iv" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="iv">(iv) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the State or Tribal agency or authority issuing Ashanti Alerts, and the process by which Ashanti Alerts are disseminated;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/v" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="v">(v) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the cost of establishing and operating the Ashanti Alert plan;</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/vi" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vi">(vi) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the criteria used by the State or Indian Tribe to determine whether to issue an Ashanti Alert; and</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/C/vii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="vii">(vii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the extent to which missing adults for whom Ashanti Alerts were issued crossed State lines or territorial borders of an Indian Tribe;</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/D" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="D">(D) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">actions States and Indian Tribes have taken to protect the privacy and dignity of the missing adults for whom Ashanti Alerts are issued;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/E" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="E">(E) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">ways that States and Indian Tribes have facilitated and improved communication about missing adults between families, caregivers, law enforcement officials, and other authorities; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s203/d/2/F" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="F">(F) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">any other information the Coordinator determines to be appropriate.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="204">SEC. 204. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21904">34 U.S.C. 21904</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR ISSUANCE AND DISSEMINATION OF ALERTS THROUGH ASHANTI ALERT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK. </heading>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/a" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Establishment of Minimum Standards.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">Subject to subsection (b), the Coordinator shall establish minimum standards for—</chapeau>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/a/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the issuance of alerts through the Ashanti Alert communications network; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/a/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the extent of the dissemination of alerts issued through the Ashanti Alert communications network.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b" style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Limitations.—</heading>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Dissemination of information.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide for the dissemination of appropriate information relating to the special needs of a missing adult (including health care needs) to the appropriate law enforcement, public health, and other public officials.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Geographic areas.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable (as determined by the Coordinator in consultation with State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies), provide that the dissemination of an alert through the Ashanti Alert communications network shall be limited to the geographic areas that the missing adult could reasonably reach, considering—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/2/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the circumstances and physical and mental condition of the missing adult;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/2/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the modes of transportation available to the missing adult; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/2/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the circumstances of the disappearance.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/3" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Other requirements.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall require that, in order for an Ashanti Alert to be issued for a missing adult, the missing adult—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/3/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">suffers from a proven mental or physical disability, as documented by a source determined credible by an appropriate law enforcement agency; or</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/3/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">be missing under circumstances that indicate, as determined by an appropriate law enforcement agency—</chapeau>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/3/B/i" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="i">(i) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">that the physical safety of the missing adult may be endangered; or</content>
</clause>
<clause identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/3/B/ii" style="-uslm-dtd:clause" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="ii">(ii) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">that the disappearance of the missing adult may not have been voluntary, including an abduction or kidnapping.</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/4" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Safety, privacy, and civil liberties protections.—</heading><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The minimum standards established under subsection (a) shall—</chapeau>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/4/A" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="A">(A) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">ensure that alerts issued through the Ashanti Alert communications network comply with all applicable Federal, State, Tribal, and local privacy laws and regulations;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/4/B" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="B">(B) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">include standards that specifically provide for the protection of the civil liberties and sensitive medical information of missing adults; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/4/C" style="-uslm-dtd:subparagraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="C">(C) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">include standards requiring, as appropriate, a review of relevant court records, prior contacts with law enforcement, and other information relevant to the missing adult or the individual reporting, in order to provide protections against domestic violence.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s204/b/5" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">State, tribal, and local voluntary coordination.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">In establishing minimum standards under subsection (a), the Coordinator may not interfere with the system of voluntary coordination between local broadcasters and State, Tribal, and local law enforcement agencies for purposes of regional and local search efforts for missing adults that was in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this title.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s205" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="205">SEC. 205. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21905">34 U.S.C. 21905</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION. </heading>
<content class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">The minimum standards established under section 204(a), and any other guidelines and programs established under section 203, shall be adoptable on a voluntary basis only.</content>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s206" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="206">SEC. 206. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21906">34 U.S.C. 21906</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS. </heading>
<chapeau class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Coordinator shall make available to States, Indian Tribes, units of local government, law enforcement agencies, and other concerned entities that are involved in initiating, facilitating, or promoting Ashanti Alert plans, including broadcasters, first responders, dispatchers, public safety communications personnel, and radio station personnel—</chapeau>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s206/1" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">training and educational programs related to the Ashanti Alert communications network and the capabilities, limitations, and anticipated behaviors of missing adults, which the Coordinator shall update regularly to encourage the use of new tools, technologies, and resources in Ashanti Alert plans; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s206/2" style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">informational materials, including brochures, videos, posters, and websites to support and supplement the training and educational programs described in paragraph (1).</content>
</paragraph>
</section>
<section identifier="/us/sComp/106/468/tII/s207" style="-uslm-dtd:section" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="207">SEC. 207. </num><editorialNote role="uscRef" style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t34/s21907">34 U.S.C. 21907</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. </heading>
<content class="block" style="-uslm-dtd:text">There is authorized to be appropriated to the Attorney General $3,000,000 to carry out the Ashanti Alert communications network as authorized under this title for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022.</content>
</section>