FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBE LIST ACT OF 1994
Public Law 103–454, as amended
108 Stat. 4791, as amended
FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBE LIST ACT OF 1994
454
103–454
Statute Compilation
United States House of Representatives
Office of the Legislative Counsel
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
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Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994
1398
103
1994-11-02
FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBE LIST ACT OF 1994
[Title I of Public Law 103–454, Approved November 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4791]
[As Amended Through P.L. 103–454, Enacted November 2, 1994]
[Currency: This publication is a compilation of the text of title I of Public Law 103–454. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps/]
[Note: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).]
AN ACTTo provide for the annual publication of a list of federally recognized Indian tribes, and for other purposes.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="I">TITLE I—</num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">WITHDRAWAL OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OR RECOGNITION </heading>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s101" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="101">SEC. 101. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t25/s5101">25 U.S.C. 5101 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">SHORT TITLE. </heading>
<content style="-uslm-dtd:text" class="block">This title may be cited as the “<shortTitle style="-uslm-dtd:quote"><inline style="-uslm-dtd:short-title">Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994</inline></shortTitle>”.</content>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s102" styleType="OLC" role="definitions">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="102">SEC. 102. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t25/s5130">25 U.S.C. 5130</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">DEFINITIONS. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC" role="undesignated-level"><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">For the purposes of this title:</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s102/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Secretary</term>” means the Secretary of the Interior.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s102/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">Indian tribe</term>” means any Indian or Alaska Native tribe, band, nation, pueblo, village or community that the Secretary of the Interior acknowledges to exist as an Indian tribe.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s102/3" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The term “<term style="-uslm-dtd:term">list</term>” means the list of recognized tribes published by the Secretary pursuant to section 104 of this title.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="103">SEC. 103. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t25/s5130">25 U.S.C. 5130 note</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">FINDINGS. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" styleType="OLC" role="undesignated-level"><chapeau style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Congress finds that—</chapeau>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/1" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="1">(1) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the Constitution, as interpreted by Federal case law, invests Congress with plenary authority over Indian Affairs;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/2" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="2">(2) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">ancillary to that authority, the United States has a trust responsibility to recognized Indian tribes, maintains a government-to-government relationship with those tribes, and recognizes the sovereignty of those tribes;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/3" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="3">(3) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Indian tribes presently may be recognized by Act of Congress; by the administrative procedures set forth in part 83 of the Code of Federal Regulations denominated “<quotedText style="-uslm-dtd:quote">Procedures for Establishing that an American Indian Group Exists as an Indian Tribe;</quotedText>”<ref style="-uslm-dtd:footnote-ref" idref="ID8DFFF44257714F318980D95E83D8BF4A" class="footnoteRef">1</ref> or by a decision of a United States court;</content><footnote id="ID8DFFF44257714F318980D95E83D8BF4A" style="-uslm-dtd:footnote"><sup style="-uslm-dtd:superscript">1</sup><p style="-uslm-dtd:para; margin-left:1em">So in original. The close quotes should probably appear before the semicolon.</p></footnote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/4" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="4">(4) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">a tribe which has been recognized in one of these manners may not be terminated except by an Act of Congress;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/5" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="5">(5) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">Congress has expressly repudiated the policy of terminating recognized Indian tribes, and has actively sought to restore recognition to tribes that previously have been terminated;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/6" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="6">(6) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the Secretary of the Interior is charged with the responsibility of keeping a list of all federally recognized tribes;</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/7" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="7">(7) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the list published by the Secretary should be accurate, regularly updated, and regularly published, since it is used by the various departments and agencies of the United States to determine the eligibility of certain groups to receive services from the United States; and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-dtd:paragraph" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s103/8" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="8">(8) </num><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">the list of federally recognized tribes which the Secretary publishes should reflect all of the federally recognized Indian tribes in the United States which are eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
<section style="-uslm-dtd:section" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s104" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="104">SEC. 104. </num><editorialNote style="-uslm-dtd:usc-reference" role="uscRef"><b>[</b><ref href="/us/usc/t25/s5131">25 U.S.C. 5131</ref><b>]</b> </editorialNote><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">PUBLICATION OF LIST OF RECOGNIZED TRIBES. </heading>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s104/a" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="a">(a) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Publication of the List.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register a list of all Indian tribes which the Secretary recognizes to be eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-dtd:subsection" identifier="/us/sComp/103/454/tI/s104/b" styleType="OLC">
<num style="-uslm-dtd:enum" value="b">(b) </num><heading style="-uslm-dtd:header">Frequency of Publication.—</heading><content style="-uslm-dtd:text">The list shall be published within 60 days of enactment of this Act, and annually on or before every January 30 thereafter.</content>
</subsection>
</section>