MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1961-(FULBRIGHT-HAYS ACT)
Public Law 87–256, as amended
MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1961-(FULBRIGHT-HAYS ACT)
256
118–31
Statute Compilation
United States House of Representatives
Office of the Legislative Counsel
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Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961
1082
87
1961-09-21
MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 1961-(FULBRIGHT-HAYS ACT)
[Public Law 87–256; Enacted September 21, 1961]
[As Amended Through P.L. 118–31, Enacted December 22, 2023]
[Currency: This publication is a compilation of the text of Public Law 87–256. It was last amended by the public law listed in the As Amended Through note above and below at the bottom of each page of the pdf version and reflects current law through the date of the enactment of the public law listed at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/comps/]
[Note: While this publication does not represent an official version of any Federal statute, substantial efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of its contents. The official version of Federal law is found in the United States Statutes at Large and in the United States Code. The legal effect to be given to the Statutes at Large and the United States Code is established by statute (1 U.S.C. 112, 204).]

AN ACT
To provide for the improvement and strengthening of the international relations of the United States by promoting better mutual understanding among the peoples of the world through educational and cultural exchanges.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
That this Act may be cited as the “Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961.”
Sec. 101.
[22 U.S.C. 2451]

Statement of Purpose.—
The purpose of this Act is to enable the Government of the United States to increase mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries by means of educational and cultural exchange; to strengthen the ties which unite us with other nations by demonstrating the educational and cultural interests, developments, and achievements of the people of the United States and other nations, and the contributions being made toward a peaceful and more fruitful life for people throughout the world; to promote international cooperation for educational and cultural advancement; and thus to assist in the development of friendly, sympathetic, and peaceful relations between the United States and the other countries of the world.
Sec. 102.
[22 U.S.C. 2452]
(a)
The President is authorized, when he considers that it would strengthen international cooperative relations, to provide, by grant, contract, or otherwise, for—
(1)
educational exchanges, (i) by financing studies, research, instructions, and other educational activities—
(A)
of or for American citizens and nationals in foreign countries, and
(B)
of or for citizens and nationals of foreign countries in American schools and institutions of learning located in or outside the United States;
and (ii) by financing visits and interchanges between the United States and other countries of students, trainees, teachers, instructors, and professors;
(2)
cultural exchanges, by financing—
(i)
visits and interchanges between the United States and other countries of leaders, experts in fields of specialized knowledge or skill, and other influential or distinguished persons;
(ii)
tours in countries abroad by creative and performing artists and athletes from the United States, individually and in groups, representing any field of the arts, sports, or any other form of cultural attainment;
(iii)
United States representation in international artistic, dramatic, musical, sports, and other cultural festivals, competitions, meetings, and like exhibitions and assemblies; and
(iv)
participation by groups and individuals from other countries in nonprofit activities in the United States, including in coordination and consultation with the private sector, similar to those described in subparagraphs (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph, when the President determines that such participation is in the national interest; and
(3)
United States participation in international fairs and expositions abroad, including trade and industrial fairs and other public or private demonstrations of United States economic accomplishments and cultural attainments.
(b)
In furtherance of the purposes of this Act, the President is further authorized to provide for—
(1)
interchanges between the United States and other countries of handicrafts, scientific, technical, and scholarly books, books of literature, periodicals, and Government publications, and the reproduction and translation of such writings, and the preparation, distribution, and interchange of other educational and research materials, including laboratory and technical equipment for education and research;
(2)
establishing and operating in the United States and abroad centers for cultural and technical interchanges to promote better relations and understanding between the United States and other nations through cooperative study, training, and research;
(3)
assistance in the establishment, expansion, maintenance, and operation of schools and institutions of learning abroad, founded, operated, or sponsored by citizens or nonprofit institutions of the United States, including such schools and institutions serving as demonstration centers for methods and practices employed in the United States;
(4)
fostering and supporting American studies in foreign countries through professorships, lectureships, institutes, seminars, and courses in such subjects as American history, government, economics, language and literature, and other subjects related to American civilization and culture, including financing the attendance at such studies by persons from other countries;
(5)
promoting and supporting medical, scientific, cultural, and educational research and development;
(6)
promoting modern foreign language training and area studies in United States schools, colleges, and universities by supporting visits and study in foreign countries by teachers and prospective teachers in such schools, colleges, and universities for the purpose of improving their skill in languages and their knowledge of the culture of the people of those countries, and by financing visits by teachers from those countries to the United States for the purpose of participating in foreign language training and area studies in United States schools, colleges, and universities;
(7)
United States representation at international nongovernmental educational, scientific, and technical meetings;
(8)
participation by groups and individuals from other countries in educational, scientific, and technical meetings held under American auspices in or outside the United States;
(9)
encouraging independent research into the problem of educational and cultural exchange;
(10)
promoting studies, research, instruction, and other educational activities of citizens and nationals of foreign countries in American schools, colleges, and universities located in the United States by making available to citizens and nationals of less developed friendly foreign countries for exchange for currencies of their respective countries (other than excess foreign currencies), at United States embassies, United States dollars in such amounts as may be necessary to enable such foreign citizens or nationals who are coming temporarily to the United States as students, trainees, teachers, instructors, or professors to meet expenses of the kind described in section 104(e)(1) of this Act;
(11)
interchanges and visits between the United States and other countries of scientists, scholars, leaders, and other experts in the fields of environmental science and environmental management; and
(12)
promoting respect for and guarantees of religious freedom abroad by interchanges and visits between the United States and other nations of religious leaders, scholars, and religious and legal experts in the field of religious freedom.
Sec. 103.
[22 U.S.C. 2453]
(a)
The President is authorized to enter into agreements with foreign governments and international organizations, in furtherance of the purposes of this Act. In such agreements the President is authorized, when he deems it in the public interest, to seek the agreement of the other governments concerned to cooperate and assist, including making use of funds placed in special accounts pursuant to agreements concluded in accordance with section 115(b)(6) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, or any similar agreements, in providing for the activities authorized in section 102, and particularly those authorized in subsection 102(a)(1), of this Act with respect to the expenses of international transportation of their own citizens and nationals and of activities in furtherance of the purposes of this Act carried on within the borders of such other nations.
(b)
Such agreements may also provide for the creation or continuation of binational or multinational educational and cultural foundations and commissions for the purpose of administering programs in furtherance of the purposes of this Act.
(c)
In such agreements with international organizations, the President may provide for equitable United States participation in and support for, including a reasonable share of the cost of, educational and cultural programs to be administered by such organizations.
Sec. 104.
[22 U.S.C. 2454]
(a)
The President may delegate, to such officers of the Government as he determines to be appropriate, any of the powers conferred upon him by this Act to the extent that he finds such delegation to be in the interest of the purposes expressed in this Act and the efficient administration of the programs undertaken pursuant to this Act: Provided, That where the President has delegated any of such powers to any officer, before the President implements any proposal for the delegation of any of such powers to another officer, that proposal shall be submitted to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and thereafter a period of not less than sixty days shall have elapsed while Congress is in session. In computing such sixty days, there shall be excluded the days on which either House is not in session because of an adjournment of more than three days.
(b)
The President is authorized to employ such other personnel as he deems necessary to carry out the provisions and purposes of this Act, and of such personnel not to exceed ten may be compensated without regard to the provisions of the Classification Act of 1949, as amended, but not in excess of the highest rate of grade 18 of the general schedule established by such Act. Such positions shall be in addition to the number authorized by section 505 of the Classification Act of 1949, as amended.
(c)
* * *
[Repealed—1981]
(d)
For the purpose of performing functions under this Act outside the United States, the President is authorized to provide that any person employed or assigned by a United States Government agency shall be entitled, except to the extent that the President may specify otherwise in cases in which the period of employment or assignment exceeds thirty months, to the same benefits as are provided by section 310 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, for individuals appointed to the Foreign Service.
(e)
(1)
In providing for the activities and interchanges authorized by section 102 of this Act, grants may be made to or for individuals, either directly or through foundations or educational or other institutions, which foundations or institutions are public or private nonprofit, and may include funds for tuition and other necessary incidental expenses, for travel expenses from their places of residence and return for themselves, and, whenever it would further the purposes of this Act, for the dependent members of their immediate families, for health and accident insurance premiums, emergency medical expenses, costs of preparing and transporting to their former homes the remains of any of such persons who may die while away from their homes as participants or dependents of participants in any program under this Act, and for per diem in lieu of subsistence at rates prescribed by the Director of the International Communication Agency, for all such persons, and for such other expenses as are necessary for the successful accomplishment of the purposes of this Act.
(2)
Funds available for programs under this Act may be used (i) to provide for orientation courses, language training, or other appropriate services and materials for persons traveling out of the countries of their residence for educational and cultural purposes which further the purposes of this Act, whether or not they are receiving other financial support from the Government, and (ii) to provide or continue services to increase the effectiveness of such programs following the return of such persons to the countries of their residence.
(3)
For the purpose of assisting foreign students in making the best use of their opportunities while attending colleges and universities in the United States, and assisting such students in directing their talents and initiative into channels which will make them more effective leaders upon return to their native lands, the President may make suitable arrangements, by contract or otherwise, for the establishment and maintenance at colleges and universities in the United States attended by foreign students of an adequate counseling service.
(4)
The President is authorized to provide for publicity and promotion (including representation) abroad of activities of the type provided for in this Act, and of similar services and opportunities for interchange not supported by the United States Government.
(f)
* * *
[Repealed—1979]
(g)
(1)
For the purpose of performing functions authorized by section 102(b)(10) of this Act, the President is authorized to establish the exchange rates at which all foreign currencies may be acquired through operations under such section, and shall issue regulations binding upon all embassies with respect to the exchange rates to be applicable in each of the respective countries where currency exchanges are authorized under such section.
(2)
In performing the functions authorized under section 102(b)(10) of this Act, the President shall make suitable arrangements for protecting the interests of the United States Government in connection with the ownership, use, and disposition of all foreign currencies acquired pursuant to exchanges made under such section.
(3)
The total amount of United States dollars acquired by any individual through currency exchanges under the authority of section 102(b)(10) of this Act shall in no event exceed $3,000 during any academic year.
(4)
An individual shall be eligible to exchange foreign currency for United States dollars at United States embassies under section 102(b)(10) of this Act only if he gives satisfactory assurances that (A) he will devote essentially full time to his proposed educational activity in the United States and will maintain good standing in relation to such program; (B) he will return to the country of his citizenship or nationality prior to coming to the United States and will render such public service as is determined acceptable for a period of time determined reasonable and necessary by the government of such country; and (C) he will not apply for an immigrant visa or for permanent residence or for a nonimmigrant visa under the Immigration and Nationality Act after having received any benefits under such section for a period of time equal to the period of study, research, instruction, or other educational activity he performed pursuant to such section.
(5)
As used in section 102(b)(10) of this Act, the term “excess foreign currencies” means foreign currencies, which if acquired by the United States (A) would be in excess of the normal requirements of departments, agencies, and embassies of the United States for such currencies, as determined by the President, and (B) would be available for the use of the United States Government under applicable agreements with the foreign country concerned.
Sec. 105.
[22 U.S.C. 2455]
(a)
Amounts appropriated to carry out the purposes of this Act are authorized to be made available until expended.
(b)
Funds appropriated for programs under this Act may, without regard to section 3651 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 543), be used for the acquisition from any source of foreign currencies in such amounts as may be necessary for current expenditures and for grants, including grants to foundations and commissions in accordance with international agreements providing for the accomplishment of the purposes of this Act.
(c)
Moneys appropriated to any department or agency of the Government in furtherance of the purposes of this Act for research, technical aid, and educational and cultural programs, may be transferred by the President to any other appropriation available for like purposes, but no appropriation authorized by this Act shall be increased or decreased by more than 10 per centum by reason of transfers pursuant to this paragraph.
(d)
The President is authorized—
(1)
to reserve in such amounts and for such periods as he shall determine to be necessary to provide for the programs authorized by subsections 102(a)(1) and 102(a)(2)(i), and
(2)
notwithstanding the provisions of any other law, to use in such amounts as may from time to time be specified in appropriation Acts, to the extent that such use is not restricted by agreement with the foreign nations concerned, for any programs authorized by this Act,
any currencies of foreign nations received or to be received by the United States or any agency thereof—
(i)
under agreements disposing of surplus property or settling lend-lease and other war accounts concluded after World War II;
(ii)
as the proceeds of sales or loan repayments, including interests, for transactions heretofore or hereafter effected under the Food for Peace Act, as amended;
(iii)
in repayment of principal or interest on any other credit extended or loan heretofore or hereafter made by the United States or any agency thereof; or
(iv)
as deposits to the account of the United States pursuant to section 115(b)(6) or section 115(h) of the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948, as amended, or any similar provision of any other law.
(e)
The President is further authorized to reserve and use for educational and cultural exchange programs and other activities authorized in subsections 102 (a) and (b) of this Act, in relation to Finland and the people of Finland, all sums due or paid on and after August 24, 1949, by the Republic of Finland to the United States as interest on or in retirement of the principal of the debt incurred under the Act of February 25, 1919, as refunded by the agreement dated May 1, 1923, pursuant to the authority contained in the Act of February 9, 1922, or of any other indebtedness incurred by that Republic and owing to the United States as a result of World War I.
(f)
Foreign governments, international organizations and private individuals, firms, associations, agencies, and other groups shall be encouraged to participate to the maximum extent feasible in carrying out this Act and to make contributions of funds, property, and services which the President is hereby authorized to accept, to be utilized to carry out the purposes of this Act. Funds made available for the purposes of this Act may be used to contribute toward meeting the expenses of activities carried out through normal private channels, by private means, and through foreign governments and international organizations.
(g)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, there are authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of making currency exchanges under section 102(b)(10) of this Act, not to exceed $10,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, and not to exceed $15,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1969.
Sec. 106.
[22 U.S.C. 2456]
(a)
(1)
For the purpose of selecting students, scholars, teachers, trainees, and other persons to participate in the programs authorized under section 102(a)(1) of this Act, and of supervising such programs and the programs authorized under section 102(b)(4) and (6), there is hereby continued the authority of the President to appoint a board of foreign scholarships which shall be known as the “J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board” (hereinafter referred to as the “Board”) consisting of twelve members. In connection with appointments to such Board, due consideration shall be given to the selection of distinguished representatives of cultural, educational, student advisory, and war veterans groups, and representatives of the United States Office of Education, the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, public and private nonprofit educational institutions.
(2)
In the selection of American citizens for participation in programs under this Act, preference shall be given to those who have served in the Armed Forces of the United States, and due consideration shall be given to applicants from all geographical areas of the United States.
(b)
(1)
The United States Advisory Commission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs (hereinafter referred to as the “Commission”) is hereby established to replace the United States Advisory Commission on Educational Exchange. The Commission shall formulate and recommend to the President policies for exercising his authority under this Act and shall appraise the effectiveness of programs carried out pursuant to it. The Commission shall make a special study of the effectiveness of past programs with emphasis on the activities of a reasonably representative cross section of past recipients of aid and shall submit a report to the Congress not later than December 31, 1962.
(2)
The Commission shall consist of nine members who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Members of the Commission shall be appointed on a nonpartisan basis.
(3)
The members of the Commission shall represent the public interest and shall be selected from a cross section of educational, cultural, scientific, technical, and public service backgrounds.
(4)
The term of each member shall be three years except that, of the first nine appointments, three shall be for a term of one year and three shall be for a term of two years. Any member appointed to fill a vacancy occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor is appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Upon the expiration of his term of office any member may continue to serve until his successor is appointed and has qualified.
(5)
The President shall designate a Chairman from among members of the Commission.
(6)
The Commission is authorized to adopt such rules and regulations as it may deem necessary to carry out the authority conferred upon it by this Act.
[(c)
repealed by section 1336(2) of Public Law 105–277 (112 Stat. 2681–790.]
(d)
The President is authorized to create such interagency and other advisory committees as in his judgment may be of assistance in carrying out the purposes of this Act, and from time to time to convene conferences of persons interested in educational and cultural affairs to consider matters relating to the purposes of this Act.
(e)
The provisions of section 214 of the Act of May 3, 1945 (59 Stat. 134; 31 U.S.C. 691), shall be applicable to any interagency committee created pursuant to the provisions of this Act. Members of the Commission, the Committee, and other committees provided for in this section shall be entitled (i) to transportation expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence at the rate prescribed by or established pursuant to section 5 of the Administrative Expense Act of 1946, as amended (5 U.S.C. 73b–2), while away from home in connection with attendance at meetings or in consultation with officials of the Government or otherwise carrying out duties as authorized, and (ii) if not otherwise in the employ of the United States Government, to compensation at rates not in excess of $50 per diem while performing services for Commission, Committee, or other committee. Members of the Board shall be entitled to such expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence as provided for under clause (i) of the preceding sentence and, while performing services for the Board, to compensation at a rate, prescribed by the Director of the International Communication Agency, not in excess of the daily rate for the first step of GS–15 of the General Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United States Code.
(f)
The President is authorized to provide for necessary secretarial and staff assistance for the Board, the Commission, the Committee, and such other committees as may be created under this section.
Sec. 107.
[22 U.S.C. 2457]
The Board, the Commission, and the Committee shall submit annual reports to the Congress and such other reports to the Congress as they deem appropriate, and shall make reports to the public in the United States and abroad to develop a better understanding of and support for the programs authorized by this Act.
Sec. 108.
[22 U.S.C. 2458]
(a)
(1)
Whenever the President determines it to be in furtherance of this Act, the functions authorized in section 102(a) (2) and (3) may be performed without regard to such provisions of law or limitations of authority regulating or relating to the making, performance, amendment, or modification of contracts, the acquisition and disposition of property, and the expenditure of Government funds, as he may specify.
(2)
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Director of the International Communication Agency may provide, on a reimbursable basis, services within the United States in connection with exchange activities otherwise authorized by this Act when such services are requested by a department or executive agency. Reimbursements under this paragraph shall be credited to the applicable appropriation of the Agency.
(b)
The President shall submit periodic reports to the Congress of activities carried on and expenditures made in furtherance of the purposes of this Act and of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended.
(c)
In connection with activities authorized by section 102(a) (2) and (3) of this Act, the President is authorized to provide for all necessary expenditures involved in the selection, purchase, rental, construction, or other acquisition of exhibits and materials and equipment therefor, and the actual display thereof, including but not limited to costs of transportation, insurance, installation, safekeeping and storage, maintenance and operation, rental of space, and dismantling.
(d)
The President is authorized to utilize the provisions of title VIII of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended, to the extent he deems necessary in carrying out the provisions and purposes of this Act.
Sec. 108A.
[22 U.S.C. 2458a]
(a)
(1)
Congress consents to the acceptance by a Federal employee of grants and other forms of assistance provided by a foreign government to facilitate the participation of such Federal employee in a cultural exchange—
(A)
which is of the type described in section 102(a)(2)(i) of this Act,
(B)
which is conducted for a purpose comparable of the purpose stated in section 101 of this Act, and
(C)
which is specifically approved by the Secretary of State for purposes of this section;
but the Congress does not consent to the acceptance by any Federal employee of any portion of any such grant or other form of assistance which provides assistance with respect to any expenses incurred by or for any member of the family or household of such Federal employee.
(2)
For purposes of this section, the term “Federal employee” means any employee as defined in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of section 7342(a)(1) of title 5 of the United States Code, but does not include a person described in subparagraph (G) of such section.
(b)
The grants and other forms of assistance with respect to which the consent of Congress is given in subsection (a) of this section shall not constitute gifts for purposes of section 7342 of title 5 of the United States Code.
(c)
The Secretary of State is authorized to promulgate regulations for purposes of this section.
Sec. 109. * * *
Sec. 110. * * *
Sec. 111.
(a)
There are hereby repealed—
(1)
Section 32(b)(2) of the Surplus Property Act of 1944, as amended (60 Stat. 754, 50 U.S.C. App. Sec. 1641);
(2)
Sections 2(2), 201, 203 insofar as it relates to schools, 601, 602, and 603 insofar as they relate to the Advisory Commission on Education Exchange, 1001 insofar as it relates to persons employed or assigned to duties under this Act, and 1008 and 1009 insofar as they relate to educational exchange activities, of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, as amended (62 Stat. 6; 22 U.S.C. sections 1431(2); 1434, 1439, 1440, 1446, 1448, 1466, 1467, and 1468);
(3)
The International Cultural Exchange and Trade Fair Participation Act of 1956 (70 Stat. 778; 22 U.S.C. 1991–2001);
(4)
The joint resolution of August 24, 1949, authorizing the use of Finnish World War I debt payments available for educational and technical instruction, and so forth (63 Stat. 630; 20 U.S.C. 222–224).
(b)
All Executive orders, agreements, determinations, regulations, contracts, appointments, and other actions issued, concluded, or taken under authority of any provisions of law repealed by subsection (a) of this section shall continue in full force and effect and shall be applicable to the appropriate provisions of this Act until modified or superseded by appropriate authority.
(c)
Any reference in any other Act to the provisions of law listed in subsection (a) shall hereafter be considered to be references to the appropriate provisions of this Act.
Sec. 112.
[22 U.S.C. 2460]
(a)
In order to carry out the purposes of this Act, there is established in the United States Information Agency, or in such appropriate agency of the United States as the President shall determine, a Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (hereinafter in this section referred to as the “Bureau”). The Bureau shall be responsible for managing, coordinating, and overseeing programs established pursuant to this Act, including but not limited to—
(1)
the J. William Fulbright Educational Exchange Program which, by promoting the exchange of scholars, researchers, students, trainees, teachers, instructors, and professors, between the United States and foreign countries, accomplishes the purposes of section 102(a)(1) of this Act;
(2)
the Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program which finances (A) study at American universities and institutions of higher learning, including study in degree granting programs, and (B) participation in fellowships, internships, or other programs in American governmental and nongovernmental institutions for public managers and other individuals from developing countries;
(3)
the International Visitors Program which provides grants for short-term visits to the United States for foreign nationals who are, or have the potential to be, leaders in their respective fields in their own countries;
(4)
the American Cultural Centers and Libraries which make available at selected foreign locations, books, films, sound recordings, and other materials about the United States, its people and culture, and about other topics;
(5)
the American Overseas Schools Program which provides financial assistance to the operations of American-sponsored schools overseas;
(6)
the American Studies Program which fosters and supports the study of the United States, and its people and culture, in foreign countries;
(7)
a program of working with private, not-for-profit groups through contracts, grants, or cooperative agreements, as authorized by section 102 of this Act, so as to provide financial assistance to nongovernmental organizations engaged in implementing and enhancing exchange-of-persons programs;
(8)
the Samantha Smith Memorial Exchange Program which advances understanding between the United States and the independent states of the former Soviet Union and between the United States and Eastern European countries through the exchange of persons under the age of 21 years and of students at an institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965) who have not received their initial baccalaureate degree or through other programs designed to promote contact between the young peoples of the United States, the independent states of the former Soviet Union, and Eastern European countries;
(9)
the Arts America program which promotes a greater appreciation and understanding of American art abroad by supporting exhibitions and tours by American artists in other countries; and
(10)
exchange programs, including in coordination and consultation with the private sector, focused on music and the performing arts that provide opportunities for foreign nationals and Americans to build cross-cultural understanding and advance peace abroad.
(10)1
the John Lewis Civil Rights Fellowship Program established under section 115, which provides funding for international internships and research placements for early- to mid-career individuals from the United States to study nonviolent civil rights movements in self-arranged placements with universities or nongovernmental organizations in foreign countries.
^1
So in law. Should be paragraph (11).
(b)
(1)
All recipients of Fulbright Academic Exchange and Humphrey Fellowship awards shall have full academic and artistic freedom, including freedom to write, publish, and create. No award granted pursuant to this Act may be revoked or diminished on account of the political views expressed by the recipient or on account of any scholarly or artistic activity that would be subject to the protections of academic and artistic freedom normally observed in universities in the United States. The Board shall ensure that the academic and artistic freedoms of all persons receiving grants are protected.
(2)
The J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board shall formulate a policy on revocation of Fulbright grants which shall be made known to all grantees. Such policy shall fully protect the right to due process as well as the academic and artistic freedom of all grantees.
(c)
The President shall insure that all programs under the authority of the Bureau shall maintain their nonpolitical character and shall be balanced and representative of the diversity of American political, social, and cultural life. The President shall insure that academic and cultural programs under the authority of the Bureau shall maintain their scholarly integrity and shall meet the highest standards of academic excellence or artistic achievement.
(d)
(1)
The Bureau shall administer no programs except those operating under the authority of this Act and consistent with its purposes.
(2)
Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Bureau may also exercise the authorities of this Act to administer programs authorized by, or funded pursuant to, the FREEDOM Support Act, the Support for East European Democracy Act, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, or any other Act authorizing educational or cultural exchanges or activities, to the extent that such programs are consistent with the purposes of this Act.
(e)
There is established in the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs an Office of Citizen Exchanges. The Office shall support private not-for-profit organizations engaged in the exchange of persons between the United States and other countries.
(f)
(1)
The President shall ensure that all exchange programs conducted by the United States Government, its departments and agencies, directly or through agreements with other parties, are reported at a time and in a format prescribed by the Director. The President shall ensure that such exchanges are consistent with United States foreign policy and avoid duplication of effort.
(2)
Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report pursuant to paragraph (1). Such report shall include information for each exchange program supported by the United States on the objectives of such exchange, the number of exchange participants supported, the types of exchange activities conducted, the total amount of Federal expenditures for such exchanges, and the extent to which such exchanges are duplicative.
(g)

Working Group on United States Government Sponsored International Exchanges and Training.—
(1)
In order to carry out the purposes of subsection (f) and to improve the coordination, efficiency, and effectiveness of United States Government-sponsored international exchanges and training, there is established within the Department of State a senior-level interagency working group to be known as the Working Group on United States Government-Sponsored International Exchanges and Training (in this section referred to as the “Working Group”).
(2)
For purposes of this subsection, the term “Government-sponsored international exchanges and training” means the movement of people between countries to promote the sharing of ideas, to develop skills, and to foster mutual understanding and cooperation, financed wholly or in part, directly or indirectly, with United States Government funds.
(3)
The Working Group shall be composed as follows:
(A)
The Assistant Secretary of State for Educational and Cultural Affairs, who shall act as Chair.
(B)
A senior representative of the Department of Defense, who shall be designated by the Secretary of Defense.
(D)
A senior representative of the Department of Education, who shall be designated by the Secretary of Education.
(D)
A senior representative of the Department of Justice, who shall be designated by the Attorney General.
(E)
A senior representative of the Agency for International Development, who shall be designated by the Administrator of the Agency.
(F)
Senior representatives of such other departments and agencies as the Chair determines to be appropriate.
(4)
Representatives of the National Security Adviser and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget may participate in the Working Group at the discretion of the Adviser and the Director, respectively.
(5)
The Working Group shall be supported by an interagency staff office established in the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the Department of State.
(6)
The Working Group shall have the following purposes and responsibilities:
(A)
To collect, analyze, and report data provided by all United States Government departments and agencies conducting international exchanges and training programs.
(B)
To promote greater understanding and cooperation among concerned United States Government departments and agencies of common issues and challenges in conducting international exchanges and training programs, including through the establishment of a clearinghouse for information on international exchange and training activities in the governmental and nongovernmental sectors.
(C)
In order to achieve the most efficient and cost-effective use of Federal resources, to identify administrative and programmatic duplication and overlap of activities by the various United States Government departments and agencies involved in Government-sponsored international exchange and training programs, to identify how each Government-sponsored international exchange and training program promotes United States foreign policy, and to report thereon.
(D)
(i)
Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999, the Working Group shall develop a coordinated and cost-effective strategy for all United States Government-sponsored international exchange and training programs, including an action plan with the objective of achieving a minimum of 10 percent cost savings through greater efficiency, the consolidation of programs, or the elimination of duplication, or any combination thereof.
(ii)
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999, the Working Group shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees setting forth the strategy and action plan required by clause (i).
(iii)
Each year thereafter the Working Group shall assess the strategy and plan required by clause (i).
(E)
Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999, to develop recommendations on common performance measures for all United States Government-sponsored international exchange and training programs, and to issue a report.
(F)
To conduct a survey of private sector international exchange activities and develop strategies for expanding public and private partnerships in, and leveraging private sector support for, United States Government-sponsored international exchange and training activities.
(G)
Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999, to report on the feasibility and advisability of transferring funds and program management for the ATLAS or the Mandela Fellows programs, or both, in South Africa from the Agency for International Development to the Department of State. The report shall include an assessment of the capabilities of the South African Fulbright Commission to manage such programs and the cost effects of consolidating such programs under one entity.
(7)
All reports prepared by the Working Group shall be submitted to the President, through the Secretary of State, acting through the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy.
(8)
The Working Group shall meet at least on a quarterly basis.
(9)
All decisions of the Working Group shall be by majority vote of the members present and voting.
(10)
The members of the Working Group shall serve without additional compensation for their service on the Working Group. Any expenses incurred by a member of the Working Group in connection with service on the Working Group shall be compensated by that member's department or agency.
(11)
With respect to any report issued under paragraph (6), a member may submit dissenting views to be submitted as part of the report of the Working Group.
Sec. 113.
[22 U.S.C. 2461]

Exchanges Between The United States and the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union.—
(a)
The President is authorized to negotiate and implement agreements with the independent states of the former Soviet Union under which repayments made by the independent states on Lend-Lease debts to the United States would be used to finance the exchange of persons between the United States and the independent states for educational, cultural, and artistic purposes. Exchanges authorized pursuant to this section shall be administered subject to the provisions of this Act. Part of the funds repaid to the United States shall be in convertible currency for the purpose of paying the expenses associated with study and other exchange activities in the United States by citizens of the independent states.
(b)
Funds made available for the purposes of this section shall be available only to the extent and in the amounts provided for in an appropriation Act.
SEC. 114.
[22 U.S.C. 2463]

ALLOCATION OF FUNDS TRANSFERRED TO THE BUREAU OF EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS.
Of each amount transferred to the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs out of appropriations other than appropriations under the heading “Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs” for support of an educational or cultural exchange program, notwithstanding any other provision of law, not more than 7.5 percent shall be made available to cover administrative expenses incurred in connection with support of the program. Amounts made available to cover administrative expenses shall be credited to the appropriations under the heading “Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs” and shall remain available until expended.
SEC. 115.
[22 U.S.C. 2465]

JOHN LEWIS CIVIL RIGHTS FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.2
(a)

Establishment.—
There is established the John Lewis Civil Rights Fellowship Program (referred to in this section as the “Fellowship Program”) within the J. William Fulbright Educational Exchange Program.
(b)

Purposes.—
The purposes of the Fellowship Program are—
(1)
to honor the legacy of Representative John Lewis by promoting a greater understanding of the history and tenets of nonviolent civil rights movements; and
(2)
to advance foreign policy priorities of the United States by promoting studies, research, and international exchange in the subject of nonviolent movements that established and protected civil rights around the world.
(c)

Administration.—
The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (referred to in this section as the “Bureau”) shall administer the Fellowship Program in accordance with policy guidelines established by the Board, in consultation with the binational Fulbright Commissions and United States Embassies.
(d)

Selection of Fellows.—
(1)

In general.—
The Board shall annually select qualified individuals to participate in the Fellowship Program. The Bureau may determine the number of fellows selected each year, which, whenever feasible, shall be not fewer than 25.
(2)

Outreach.—
(A)

In general.—
To the extent practicable, the Bureau shall conduct outreach at institutions, including—
(i)
minority serving institutions, including historically Black colleges and universities; and
(ii)
other appropriate institutions that are likely to produce a range of qualified applicants, as determined by the Bureau.
(B)

Definitions.—
In this paragraph:
(i)

Historically black college and university.—
The term “historically Black college and university” has the meaning given the term “part B institution” in section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
(ii)

Minority serving institution.—
The term “minority-serving institution” means an eligible institution under section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
(e)

Fellowship Orientation.—
Annually, the Bureau shall organize and administer a fellowship orientation, which shall—
(1)
be held in Washington, D.C., or at another location selected by the Bureau; and
(2)
include programming to honor the legacy of Representative John Lewis.
(f)

Structure.—
(1)

Work plan.—
To carry out the purposes described in subsection (b)—
(A)
each fellow selected pursuant to subsection (d) shall arrange an internship or research placement—
(i)
with a nongovernmental organization, academic institution, or other organization approved by the Bureau; and
(ii)
in a country with an operational Fulbright U.S. Student Program; and
(B)
the Bureau shall, for each fellow, approve a work plan that identifies the target objectives for the fellow, including specific duties and responsibilities relating to those objectives.
(2)

Conferences; presentations.—
Each fellow shall—
(A)
attend a fellowship orientation organized and administered by the Bureau under subsection (e);
(B)
not later than the date that is 1 year after the end of the fellowship period, attend a fellowship summit organized and administered by the Bureau, which—
(i)
whenever feasible, shall be held in a location of importance to the civil rights movement in the United States; and
(ii)
may coincide with other events facilitated by the Bureau; and
(C)
at such summit, give a presentation on lessons learned during the period of the fellowship.
(3)

Fellowship period.—
Each fellowship under this section shall continue for a period determined by the Bureau, which, whenever feasible, shall be not fewer than 10 months.
(g)

Fellowship Award.—
The Bureau shall provide each fellow under this section with an allowance that is equal to the amount needed for—
(1)
the reasonable costs of the fellow during the fellowship period; and
(2)
travel and lodging expenses related to attending the orientation and summit required under subsection (e)(2).
(h)

Annual Report.—
Not later than 1 year after the date of the completion of the Fellowship Program by the initial cohort of fellows selected under subsection (d), and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on the implementation of the Fellowship Program, including—
(1)
a description of the demographics of the cohort of fellows who completed a fellowship during the preceding 1-year period;
(2)
a description of internship and research placements, and research projects selected by such cohort, under the Fellowship Program, including feedback from—
(A)
such cohort on implementation of the Fellowship Program; and
(B)
the Secretary on lessons learned;
(3)
a plan for factoring such lessons learned into future programming, and
(4)
an analysis of trends relating to the diversity of each cohort of fellows and the topics of projects completed since the establishment of the Fellowship Program.
^2
Per section 6604(c) of P.L. 118-31, the authority to carry out the John Lewis Civil Rights Fellowship Program established under section 115 of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.), as added by subsection (a), shall expire on the date that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this division.