[Senate Hearing 119-334]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                      S. Hrg. 119-334

              LEGISLATIVE PRESENTATION OF THE AMERICAN 
               LEGION AND MULTI VSOs: PARALYZED VET-
               ERANS OF AMERICA, AMVETS, NATIONAL ASSO-
               CIATION OF STATE DIRECTORS OF VETERANS 
               AFFAIRS, WOUNDED WARRIOR PROJECT, TRAG-
               EDY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR SURVIVORS,
               NATIONAL GUARD ASSOCIATION OF THE 
               UNITED STATES, MISSION ROLL CALL
=======================================================================

                             JOINT HEARING

                                 OF THE

                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                               BEFORE THE

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                                AND THE

                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               ----------                              

                             MARCH 4, 2026

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       Printed for the use of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs
       
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]       


        Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov
        
                                ----------
                                
                     U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE           
63-116 PDF                  WASHINGTON : 2026
=======================================================================
                                 SENATE
                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     Jerry Moran, Kansas, Chairman
John Boozman, Arkansas               Richard Blumenthal, Connecticut, 
Bill Cassidy, Louisiana                  Ranking Member
Thom Tillis, North Carolina          Patty Murray, Washington
Dan Sullivan, Alaska                 Bernard Sanders, Vermont
Marsha Blackburn, Tennessee          Mazie K. Hirono, Hawaii
Kevin Cramer, North Dakota           Margaret Wood Hassan, New 
Tommy Tuberville, Alabama                Hampshire
Jim Banks, Indiana                   Angus S. King, Jr., Maine
Tim Sheehy, Montana                  Tammy Duckworth, Illinois
                                     Ruben Gallego, Arizona
                                     Elissa Slotkin, Michigan

                     David Shearman, Staff Director
                Tony McClain, Democratic Staff Director

                              ----------                              

                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     Mike Bost, Illinois, Chairman

Aumua Amata Coleman Radewagen,       Mark Takano, California, Ranking 
    American Samoa                       Member
Jack Bergman, Michigan               Julia Brownley, California
Nancy Mace, South Carolina           Chris Pappas, New Hampshire
Mariannette Miller-Meeks, Iowa       Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick, 
Gregory F. Murphy, North Carolina        Florida
Derrick Van Orden, Wisconsin         Morgan McGarvey, Kentucky
Morgan Luttrell, Texas               Delia Ramirez, Illinois
Juan Ciscomani, Arizona              Nikki Budzinski, Illinois
Keith Self, Texas                    Timothy M. Kennedy, New York
Jennifer A. Kiggans, Virginia        Maxine Dexter, Oregon
Abe Hamadeh, Arizona                 Herb Conaway, New Jersey
Kimberlyn King-Hinds, Northern       Kelly Morrison, Minnesota
    Mariana Islands
Tom Barrett, Michigan

                       Jon Clark, Staff Director
                  Matt Reel, Democratic Staff Director
                            
                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              

                             March 4, 2026

                                                                   Page

                                SENATORS

Hon. Jerry Moran, Chairman, U.S. Senator from Kansas.............     1
Hon. Richard Blumenthal, Ranking Member, U.S. Senator from 
  Connecticut....................................................     3
Hon. Thom Tillis, U.S. Senator from North Carolina...............    14
Hon. Margaret Wood Hassan, U.S. Senator from New Hampshire.......    17
Hon. Tim Sheehy, U.S. Senator from Montana.......................    18
Hon. Angus S. King, Jr., U.S. Senator from Maine.................    19
Hon. John Boozman, U.S. Senator from Arkansas....................    20
Hon. Patty Murray, U.S. Senator from Washington..................    21
Hon. Elissa Slotkin, U.S. Senator from Michigan..................    25
Hon. Jim Banks, U.S. Senator from Indiana........................    26
Hon. Tommy Tuberville, U.S. Senator from Alabama.................    28
Hon. Ruben Gallego, U.S. Senator from Arizona....................    45

                            REPRESENTATIVES

Hon. Mark Takano, Ranking Member, U.S. Representative from 
  California.....................................................     4
Hon. Chris Pappas, U.S. Representative from New Hampshire........    15
Hon. Kimberlyn King-Hinds, U.S. Representative from Northern 
  Mariana Islands................................................    16
Hon. Morgan McGarvey, U.S. Representative from Kentucky..........    23
Hon. Herb Conaway, U.S. Representative from New Jersey...........    24
Hon. Kelly Morrison, U.S. Representative from Minnesota..........    43

                               INTRODUCER

The Honorable Jerry Moran, U.S. Senator from Kansas..............     6

                               WITNESSES
                                Panel I

Dan Wiley, National Commander, The American Legion...............     7

  accompanied by

  Joseph Sharpe Jr., Director, Veterans Employment and Education

  Paul Espinoza, Chairman, Veterans Employment and Education

  Mario Marquez, Executive Director, Government Affairs

  Cole Lyle, Director, Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation

  Linden Dixon Jr., Chairman, Veterans Affairs and Rehabilitation

  Matthew Jabaut, Chairman, National Legislative Commission

                                Panel II

Robert Thomas Jr., National President, Paralyzed Veterans of 
  America........................................................    28

Paul Shipley, National Commander, AMVETS.........................    30

Terry Prince, President, National Association of State Directors 
  of Veterans Affairs............................................    32

LTG Walter E. Piatt, U.S. Army (Ret.), Chief Executive Officer, 
  Wounded Warrior Project........................................    33

Anita Sullivan, surviving spouse of U.S. Navy Petty Officer First 
  Class
  Michael Sullivan, Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors.....    35

Major General Frank McGinn, U.S. Army (Ret.), President, National 
  Guard Association of the United States.........................    36

Jim Whaley, Chief Executive Officer, Mission Roll Call...........    38

                                APPENDIX
                          Prepared Statements

Dan Wiley, National Commander, The American Legion...............    55
Robert Thomas Jr., National President, Paralyzed Veterans of 
  America........................................................    94

Paul Shipley, National Commander, AMVETS.........................   119

Terry Prince, President, National Association of State Directors 
  of Veterans Affairs............................................   130

LTG Walter E. Piatt, U.S. Army (Ret.), Chief Executive Officer, 
  Wounded Warrior Project........................................   149

Anita Sullivan, surviving spouse of U.S. Navy Petty Officer First 
  Class
  Michael Sullivan, Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors.....   188

Major General Frank McGinn, U.S. Army (Ret.), President, National 
  Guard Association of the United States.........................   236

Jim Whaley, Chief Executive Officer, Mission Roll Call...........   244

                       Statements for the Record

Air Force Sergeants Association, Keith A. Reed, Chief Executive; 
  Jon Nutman, Legislative Policy Advisor.........................   251

Berry Law, Jerusha S. Hancock, Esq., Chief of Legal Operations...   268

Hire Heroes USA, Ross Dickman, Chief Executive Officer...........   303

Military Order of the Purple Heart of the USA, Tracey Brown-
  Greene,
  National Commander.............................................   311

Military-Veterans Advocacy, John B. Well, USN (Ret.), Executive 
  Director.......................................................   326

Veteran Alliance for Leadership, Outreach, and Recovery (VALOR) 
  Coalition......................................................   337

Veterans Education Success.......................................   341

 
    LEGISLATIVE PRESENTATION OF THE AMERICAN LEGION AND MULTI VSOs: 
 PARALYZED VETERANS OF AMERICA, AMVETS, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATE 
    DIRECTORS OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, WOUNDED WARRIOR PROJECT, TRAGEDY 
  ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR SURVIVORS, NATIONAL GUARD ASSOCIATION OF THE 
                    UNITED STATES, MISSION ROLL CALL

                              ----------                              


                        WEDNESDAY, MARCH 4, 2026

                           U.S. Senate, and
                     U.S. House of Representatives,
                            Committee on Veterans' Affairs,
                                                    Washington, DC.

    The Committees met, pursuant to notice, at 9:45 a.m., in 
Room SD-G50, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Jerry Moran, 
Chairman of the Committee, presiding.

    Present from the Senate:

    Senators Moran, Boozman, Cassidy, Tillis, Tuberville, 
Banks, Sheehy, Blumenthal, Murray, Hassan, King, Gallego, and 
Slotkin.

    Present from the House:

    Representatives King-Hinds, Takano, Pappas, McGarvey, 
Conaway, and Morrison.

             OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. JERRY MORAN,
               CHAIRMAN, U.S. SENATOR FROM KANSAS

    Chairman Moran. [Raps gavel three times.] Good morning. 
[Laughter.] What did we do? Commander, I need an explanation. 
What did I do wrong?
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Wiley. You rapped the gavel and for us, that is to 
stand three times.
    Chairman Moran. Ah.
    [Raps gavel again.]
    Chairman Moran. There is a fourth one.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Moran. Thank you for the explanation. With the 
sound of the gavel, I call this hearing to order this morning. 
Good morning and welcome to everyone. I would like to thank 
Chairman Bost along with Ranking Members Blumenthal and Takano 
and the rest of the Senate and House colleagues for joining us 
here today in this year's final joint hearing between the House 
and Senate Committees on Veterans' Affairs in this year, 2026.
    And I want to specifically welcome Commander Dan Wiley and 
his wife Sonia from my home State of Kansas, along with the 
leaders of the other veterans service organizations who will be 
testifying later this morning.
    I also would like to extend a special hello, as my 
colleagues will do for their home states, but particularly 
today with Commander Wiley as the lead witness today, I want to 
express my gratitude to the Kansans who are present here, who 
are watching at home, and who have been in my office numerous 
times, including this week. I appreciate the Kansans' presence 
in the room and I am grateful for my relationship I have with 
American Legion members from across my state.
    I am grateful for the work that veterans service 
organizations do every day to support veterans and their 
families, caregivers, and survivors to advocate for timely, 
high-quality health care and benefits that they have earned and 
deserve.
    The work we do in our Committees, in these Committees, 
would not be possible without the tireless work and dedication 
of organizations like the ones here today and the ones we will 
be hearing from this morning. I look forward to hearing from 
Commander Wiley and his fellow veteran leaders how your 
legislative priorities advance veteran success and what more 
these Committees, the Committee that I chair and the others, 
can do to make certain that VA policies translate into real 
improvements in the well-being of veterans we are all here to 
serve.
    With the Commander from Kansas's presence, I would like to 
take a sidenote and express my appreciation and gratitude for 
everyone's service. I am not a veteran. This is not what I 
normally say at a hearing in this room. I was in high school 
when Vietnam was occurring. I watched what happened when you, 
those who served in Vietnam, returned home and how they were 
treated. If you are a year older than I am, and certainly if 
you are two years older than I am, you served in Vietnam. And I 
saw how my classmates at home in Kansas were treated upon their 
return to the United States shores following their service, 
their honorable service in Vietnam. And I told myself, as a 16-
year-old kid, I am going to do everything I can to pay my 
respects and honor those who served.
    I never expected, fellow Kansans, to ever be a Member of 
Congress, to serve in the House of Representatives, to serve in 
the United States Senate. And with that responsibility of that 
service came doing something more than just saying thank you. 
Something comes more than just saying I respect you.
    So I take it seriously, as do Members of this Committee, 
Members of the Senate, Members of the House of Representatives, 
Republicans and Democrats, we take it seriously to try to make 
certain we do the things that keep our promises to those who 
served in Vietnam and those who served elsewhere, around the 
globe and in the United States.
    So I am honored to have the opportunity to be here with a 
fellow Kansan, now the National Commander of the American 
Legion.
    I yield to the Ranking Member, Senator Blumenthal, for his 
opening statement.

         OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. RICHARD BLUMENTHAL,
         RANKING MEMBER, U.S. SENATOR FROM CONNECTICUT

    Senator Blumenthal. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you 
to Commander Wiley and the American Legion leadership who are 
here today. I am a proud member in Connecticut, and I know we 
have some Connecticut members here. Welcome to you and thanks 
for visiting with me yesterday. Your perspectives and your 
advocacy are invaluable to what we do. You are the reason that 
we have the PACT Act today, just to take one example.
    Yesterday I went to the floor of the United States Senate 
and asked for unanimous consent to pass the Major Richard Star 
Act.
    [Applause.]
    Senator Blumenthal. Unfortunately, it was blocked. I asked, 
as a fallback, for a simple vote on the bill before August. It 
was blocked, as well. The individual Senator blocking unanimous 
consent is part of a small minority in the United States 
Senate. The vast bipartisan majority of my colleagues support 
the Richard Star Act, because they know it is unacceptable that 
tens of thousands of combat-injured veterans are denied the 
full military benefits they deserve.
    The Chairman just talked about promises. Promises are 
meaningless unless they are kept. We made a promise to these 
veterans that they would receive both retirement and disability 
benefits. We owe them both, and I promise you, I will not stop 
fighting until we pass the Richard Star Act in this Congress.
    [Applause.]
    Senator Blumenthal. And I want to add that support for it 
is bipartisan. I thank the Chairman, Senator Moran, for his 
support, as well as others on this Committee, including the 
House Ranking Member, Mr. Takano.
    Yesterday The New York Times published an article entitled 
``Despite Promises, Veterans Affairs Department Cut Thousands 
of Roles for Doctors and Nurses.'' In fact, thousands of 
positions have been left vacant. The numbers of doctors and 
nurses, physicians, has declined by significant percentages, 
which is a disservice to all of you here and the many, many 
veterans around the United States who depend on the VA for 
their medical care.
    At our hearing last month, Secretary Collins said the VA 
needs more doctors, and yet he has eliminated thousands of 
physician jobs.
    We need your help. We need your advocacy. We need your 
voices and your faces, which is why it is so important you are 
here today, so that we can maintain, restore, and even grow the 
numbers of doctors, nurses, counselors, psychiatrists, all of 
the team at VA health care that is so important to making sure 
that we have sufficient workforce to serve the needs of our 
veterans. Our veterans deserve nothing less than the best 
world-class medicine. Thank you all for being here today.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Blumenthal, thank you. 
Representative Takano, the Ranking Member.

             OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. MARK TAKANO,
      RANKING MEMBER, U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM CALIFORNIA

    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Good morning, 
everyone. It is truly great to see all of you here, ensuring 
that my fellow Members of Congress and Americans tuning in from 
the country hear directly from you. So I thank all the veterans 
who have traveled here today, including those who have made the 
trip from my home State of California. Where are you?
    [Cheers.]
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, California. Welcome. And welcome to 
everyone from the American Legion. I would especially like to 
welcome American Legion National Commander Dan Wiley of Kansas. 
Mr. Wiley, Commander Wiley, you and I have had personal 
conversations about how I actually spent time in Lawrence, 
Kansas, one summer, so welcome.
    Auxiliary National President Pam Ray of Illinois, and Sons 
of the American Legion National Commander Bill Clancy of New 
York, and I offer a hearty welcome to the representatives from 
all of the organizations on our second panel of witnesses. Very 
good to see all of you, and I look forward to engaging in an 
enlightening conversation.
    Just two weeks ago, Secretary Collins published an interim 
final rule to cut veteran disability compensation benefits for 
veterans whose service-connected conditions were improved by 
medication. Thanks to a public outcry from VSOs, Members of 
Congress, and many of you here today, Secretary Collins paused 
enforcement and eventually rescinded the rule. Senator 
Blumenthal and I led the effort here in Congress against this 
rule, but our Republican colleagues were unwilling to join us. 
Protecting veterans' benefits should be a bipartisan issue, and 
my colleagues across the aisle should be willing to stand with 
us in holding VA accountable when veterans and their benefits 
are on the line.
    In addition to the Secretary's harmful interim final rule, 
VA is also carrying out a massive--massive--reorganization of 
the Veterans Health Administration. This reorg effort warrants 
bipartisan oversight--oversight. Now, VA does need improvement. 
No doubt about that. But VA leadership appears to be trying to 
align VA with developments in for-profit health care.
    VA is not a business, and it should not mirror business 
models. Following that business mindset, this VA aims to, 
quote, ``do more with less,'' end quote. Now, that approach has 
never really served veterans, in my opinion, and the data 
suggests VA is already struggling with the less. The New York 
Times reported yesterday that VA cut thousands of clinical 
positions that were filled before the Administration and DOGE 
started pushing staff out. VA told us that these were unneeded 
COVID-era positions. But VA's own damning data tells us that 
that is not true.
    As was reported by The New York Times, about 73 percent of 
the 10,500 vacant positions VA just eliminated were filled just 
sometime in 2025 or 2026, well after the COVID era. These were 
recent vacancies, and rather than filling them, Secretary 
Collins just wiped those clinical positions off the books, 
clinical positions that the medical centers said that they 
needed.
    Expanding care and benefits for veterans requires people, 
doctors and nurses, claims processors, social workers, 
researchers, police officers, and support staff. All these 
roles help VA fulfill its mission.
    I know each of you sees the value in securing veteran care 
and improving the VA because each of you has served, and today 
you continue to serve your fellow veterans and their survivors. 
When you raised your hand and put on that uniform, you set 
yourself apart. That commitment came when our Nation promised 
that you and your family would be taken care of afterwards. You 
fulfilled your duty. We must fulfill ours.
    We sit here just days after President Trump committed our 
Nation's most precious resource, our young men and women in 
uniform, to another conflict. Several servicemembers have 
already been killed or wounded. Our servicemembers are carrying 
out difficult and dangerous missions far from home. They 
deserve the full support of a grateful nation. That support 
cannot end when they take off the uniform.
    So I ask, has this Administration planned and budgeted for 
the long-term costs of this conflict? Is VA prepared to provide 
a lifetime of medical care, disability compensation, mental 
health services, prosthetics, and caregiver support to the new 
generation of wartime veterans?
    President Trump and this Republican Congress have added 
$150 billion for the Department of Defense in the so-called 
``Big Beautiful Bill,'' but it did not include a cent for VA. 
If this Administration is willing to send Americans into harm's 
way, it must be willing to fully fund and strengthen the VA 
system that will care for them for decades. That means passing 
the Caring for Survivors Act. That means passing the Love Lives 
On Act. And that means passing the Major Richard Star Act, as 
well.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Takano. Just a little bit of history. I was Chairman of 
the House side of the Committee when I passed the Vietnam Blue 
Water Navy Bill out of the House for the second time, 
unanimously. And why I had to do it a second time is that the 
previous Chairman, a Republican Chairman, passed it also. I 
think it was unanimous, as well. But procedures in the Senate 
blocked it. Just a couple of Senators ran out the clock at the 
end of that session.
    And look, the politics in both houses, it is procedure that 
is stopping the Major Richard Star Act. It is the will of the 
majority of both houses of Congress, and I will be damned if we 
allow procedure to stand in the way of passing the Major 
Richard Star Act, and you should be damned as well. Keep the 
pressure on.
    And with that, with that belief, Senator Blumenthal 
yesterday went to the floor to ask for a vote on this bill, and 
shamefully it was blocked. Procedure again. In objecting to a 
vote on the Major Richard Star Act, Senator Ron Johnson of 
Wisconsin lamented how much it would cost, arguing that we 
needed to prioritize funding for ongoing defense capabilities. 
I say this is unconscionable. We are talking about compensation 
for combat-injured veterans. This is a cost of war. And as we 
sit here watching the President drag us into another conflict, 
we must reckon with the long-lasting impacts it will have on 
our servicemembers, our veterans, and their families.
    Paying for the true cost of war means investing in VA now!
    Mr. Chair, I thank you for bringing these organizations 
before us today, and I look forward to frank and fruitful 
discussions, and I thank you, and I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Ranking Member Takano, thank you.

               INTRODUCTION BY HON. JERRY MORAN,
                    U.S. SENATOR FROM KANSAS

    Chairman Moran. I now have the honor of introducing a 
Kansan and a friend, the National Commander of the American 
Legion, Mr. Dan Wiley. Dan, of course, has a long history of 
serving veterans, particularly those in the neighborhood of his 
hometown, Leavenworth, Kansas. He has also been a trusted 
advisor to me on issues impacting veterans at home and across 
the country.
    Dan served his nation in the United States Air Force, and 
following his service he obtained a law degree from the 
University of Kansas. He told me this morning he is a K State 
fan. He used all his skills as an attorney to establish the 
Leavenworth County Veterans Treatment Court. He was a district 
court judge in the State of Kansas, and he used that 
opportunity to find a new way to care for veterans who appear 
before his and other courts in Leavenworth and across our 
state.
    During his service with the Legion, Dan has pretty much 
done it all. He has held 24 different positions within the 
American Legion, making certain that veterans have a friend who 
will listen to them and advocate for them. I have seen that in 
my own circumstance at pancake feeds and American Legion events 
in my hometown and across the state as he has been there for 
every veteran of our state.
    Dan, like many veterans, has faced his own challenges and 
hurdles in his life. After service, but rather than hide or shy 
away from the challenges, he has shared them openly, letting 
veterans know that they are not alone. I respect Dan for being 
vulnerable and honest about mental health and using his 
experience to reach out to veterans.
    As National Commander he is a strong advocate for the 
American Legion's ``Be The One'' campaign, to prevent veteran 
suicide. Thank you for working to extend hope to veterans who 
are struggling with their mental health and helping reduce the 
stigma around asking for help.
    Outside the American Legion, Dan is very involved in his 
community back home, where he has worn many different hats, 
helping organize and be the master of ceremonies at the 
Leavenworth County Veterans Day Parade, to serving on his local 
Board of Education.
    Commander Wiley, you have been a friend to me and a friend 
to veterans, and I have no doubt that your vision and 
experience is strengthening the mission of the American Legion 
and making certain that the voices of veterans are heard and 
that their needs are met with honor and with respect. I thank 
you for those things. I thank you for your dedication to 
serving veterans in Kansas and across the country and for being 
here to testify today. I appreciate your family's sacrifice for 
your service in this capacity, and I look forward to working 
together on our shared mission of improving the lives of 
veterans across the country and back home in our home state.
    With that, Commander Wiley, you are now recognized.

                            PANEL I

                              ----------                              


STATEMENT OF DAN WILEY, NATIONAL COMMANDER, THE AMERICAN LEGION 
ACCOMPANIED BY JOSEPH SHARPE JR., DIRECTOR, VETERANS EMPLOYMENT 
AND EDUCATION; PAUL ESPINOZA, CHAIRMAN, VETERANS EMPLOYMENT AND 
   EDUCATION; MARIO MARQUEZ, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, GOVERNMENT 
      AFFAIRS; COLE LYLE, DIRECTOR, VETERANS AFFAIRS AND 
 REHABILITATION; LINDEN DIXON JR., CHAIRMAN, VETERANS AFFAIRS 
  AND REHABILITATION; AND MATTHEW JABAUT, CHAIRMAN, NATIONAL 
                     LEGISLATIVE COMMISSION

    Mr. Wiley. First, thank you, Senator, for that kind 
introduction. Thank you, Chairman Moran, Ranking Member 
Blumenthal, Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano, and 
distinguished Members of these Committees. On behalf of the 2.5 
million members of the American Legion family, I appreciate the 
opportunity to discuss our legislative priorities for the 
second session of the 119th Congress.
    I would like to begin by introducing the members of the 
American Legion family here with me today. Please stand if you 
are able as I recognize you. Our National Officers serving with 
me this year, please stand. Our past National Commanders, 
please stand. Pam Ray, National President of the American 
Legion Auxiliary; William Clancy III, National Commander of the 
Sons of the American Legion; and my daughter, Christy, my son, 
Austin, and his wife, Jesse, with their son and my grandson, 
Noah. And of course, the most important person in the room, 
without a doubt, my wife Sonia. Thank you.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Wiley. Our written testimony contains our complete list 
of legislative goals, and they are all important. With limited 
time, however, I will focus on several critical issues.
    This is a pivotal time for our country. Recent military 
action reminds us of the cost of service, shouldered by a 
shrinking minority of American families. In our all-volunteer 
force, military service has become a family business. And while 
average time in uniform is just 4 to 8 years, the costs can 
potentially last a lifetime. And as we mark the 250th 
anniversary of our Nation's founding, it is essential we 
examine those costs and make sure they are paid in full.
    That is precisely why Congress chartered the American 
Legion after World War I, to promote a strong national defense, 
encourage civic education, and to create a community of 
veterans to support one another, whose voices are heard by our 
Nation's leaders. Since 1919, the Legion has been instrumental 
in landmark changes, like the GI Bill, creation of the modern 
VA, appeals modernization, and the MISSION Act. We created 
programs like the American Legion Child Well-being Foundation, 
legacy scholarships, and Boys Nation. Our mission, every single 
day, is to serve those who served us.
    At the post level, legionnaires serve their communities in 
times of crisis. Just last year, after the tragic floods in 
Kerrville, Texas, Legion Post 208 provided urgently needed 
resources for those who had lost everything, and served as a 
relief point for aid workers who came from across the country.
    American Legion service officers assist veterans with 
disability claims, and in 2025 alone, processed $29.5 billion 
in claims for veterans. This was free of charge, regardless of 
whether they were members of the American Legion or not.
    Nationally, we partner with VA on the Buddy Check Week, and 
our Be The One campaign to reduce stigma, provide critical 
training, and ultimately save lives. Our System Worth Saving 
(SWS) and regional office actuary review programs provide 
policymakers with on-the-ground feedback regarding health care 
and benefits. And we have continued to work with Congress to 
ensure that while the Administration seeks bold change, there 
is no reduction in accessibility of services and benefits to 
any veteran or their family.
    Just two weeks ago, the American Legion spoke against a 
proposed rule that would change the way VA rates a veteran's 
disability based on medication management. We were glad to see 
Secretary Collins listen to the veteran community and 
ultimately rescind the rule. We will remain vigilant, and we 
will give you all of our feedback on what is working and what 
needs to change.
    The Legion's number one priority is ending veteran suicide. 
VA estimates more than 17 veterans die every day by suicide. 
Traditional approaches to this problem, pills and therapy, have 
objectively not worked. We need stronger transition programs, 
innovative therapies, and improved safeguards to medication 
management. That is why we support things like the Fox Grant 
Program, the BEACON Act, the Written Informed Consent Act, and 
other bills that seek to address this problem. It is also why, 
after a decade of legion advocacy, I was proud to be in the 
Oval Office as the President signed an Executive order 
reclassifying cannabis as a Schedule III drug. This allows for 
Federal research on how it can reduce drivers of suicide. The 
American Legion does not support use of illegal drugs, but we 
strongly support research that could result in new, effective 
treatments.
    An important part of suicide prevention, and ultimately 
VA's core mission, is access to timely, quality health care. 
And while most veterans prefer to receive from VA their care, 
because it is a one-stop shop, community care has exploded 
since the passage of the MISSION Act. Congress must provide the 
necessary funding to ensure the VA system remains strong, 
without curtailing a veteran's access to community care if it 
is in the veteran's best interest. It is a difficult balance, 
but one we are committed to helping Congress achieve. 
Ultimately, veterans should get the care they need, when they 
need it. But we must remain the center of all veteran health 
care in the VA.
    As we discuss VHA reorganization, the Next-Gen Community 
Care contract, and acceleration of electronic health record 
deployment, Congress must also address aging infrastructure and 
give the VA authorities and funding it needs to compete with 
the private sector job market.
    As we all know, the veteran population is changing, and so 
are its needs. Women veterans, the largest-growing 
subpopulation in our community, experience homelessness, 
depression, infertility, migraines, and other issues at a 
higher rate than their male counterparts. This is attributed to 
military sexual trauma and domestic violence. Congress should 
pass legislation to improve research on how issues unique to 
women veterans, including menopause, affect outcomes, and 
increase the availability of gender-specific rehabilitation 
programs.
    Enabling veterans to thrive in a civilian life is a huge 
task. Congress can make it easier by ensuring our 
servicemembers do not experience financial uncertainty prior to 
separation. When I served in the United States Air Force, I 
never worried about getting paid on the 1st and the 15th of the 
month. But as government shutdowns become more frequent, that 
is no longer guaranteed. Not long ago, the Legion provided over 
$1 million in grants to Coast Guard families because Congress 
failed to do its job and ensure they were paid on time. We need 
iron-clad protections to ensure uninterrupted pay for all 
servicemembers in our all-volunteer force.
    Finally, consider Major Richard Star, who deployed multiple 
times and was diagnosed with lung cancer linked to burn pit 
exposure. Before his death, he endured the indignity of a 
wounded veteran's tax, an offset of his disability compensation 
against his pension because he was medically retired before 20 
years. This is wrong.
    [Standing ovation.]
    Mr. Wiley. Collecting both benefits is not double dipping. 
Retirement is for time served. Disability compensation is for 
harm caused during service. Congress must pass the 
overwhelmingly supported, bipartisan Major Richard Star Act.
    [Loud applause.]
    Mr. Wiley. Chairmen Moran and Bost, Ranking Members 
Blumenthal and Takano, and Members of the Committees, the way 
America treats its veterans directly influences whether the 
next generation raises the right hand to define our 250-year 
legacy. On behalf of the entire American Legion family, thank 
you for this opportunity to share our priorities, and my staff 
and I welcome your questions.
    [Applause.]

    [The prepared statement of Mr. Wiley appears on pages 55-93 
of the Appendix.]

    Chairman Moran. National Commander, thank you for your 
testimony. We will now turn to questions of you and your 
colleagues at the desk.
    The Richard Star Act, let's start there, for my first 
question. Would you share perhaps a member's experience, a 
real-world example of a veteran and their family who would 
directly benefit if the Major Star Act was passed? Explain how 
it would change the quality of their life. Give us an example 
of why it matters.
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Senator, and without naming the 
individual, you and I both know an individual that suffered 
harm while he was on active duty. He was in a Ghillie suit and 
he was burned by that active-duty service, and because of that 
was medically retired. So he receives that medical retirement 
for that time in service. Also, you would not find surprising 
because of the burns on his body he was entitled to disability 
compensation for the harm caused. However, because of the fact 
that he did not have the 20 years in time and service he has to 
waive dollar-for-dollar his retirement for the disability 
compensation he receives. And quite obviously, this takes funds 
away from his family that would benefit his family for a 
lifetime, and he has got a lifetime of care and a lifetime of 
loss as a result of those injuries.
    I appreciated the opportunity last month, as I said in your 
office, and we talked about the Major Richard Star Act. And you 
know me, I am probably more passionate than I am articulate. 
But to that extent it just frustrates me that Congress cannot 
get this passed, when we have 316 members in the House that 
have signed on, and approximately 75 members in the Senate who 
have signed on, and yet we cannot get it to a vote on the House 
floor. The buck stops with leadership. They need to get a vote 
on this, up or down, because our veterans are entitled to know 
whether your Congressman supports our disabled and wounded 
veterans or your Congressman is against us. That is what we 
believe we are entitled to a vote on this, on the House and 
Senate floor. Thank you.
    Chairman Moran. Commander, thank you for answering my 
question. I would use this moment to again, as I told you in 
our office when we last visited, that I am committed to trying 
to do everything I can to accomplish that. Folks in this room 
probably know, but should know, the jurisdiction of this bill 
does not rest with the Committee on Veterans' Affairs, it rests 
with our Armed Services Committee. But we are working with the 
leadership of the Armed Services, I am working with the 
leadership of the Armed Services Committee to find a path 
forward. And I spoke yesterday on the Senate floor about this 
topic, and I have also spoken to my colleagues in the Senate, 
that there is no opportunity for the sponsoring of a bill that 
you are not willing to vote for when the time comes. Sponsoring 
is insufficient. We want you to do that. But if the time is 
right, we want to make certain that the votes occur, and there 
is no hypocrisy demonstrated by Members of Congress.
    You mentioned community care. It is a topic that I have 
significant interest in. In large part, when I was a 
Congressman, I represented a congressional district the size of 
the State of Illinois. Not a VA hospital in that congressional 
district, and distance was often the enemy of a veteran in 
being able to access quality care at the VA.
    Would you elaborate on--well, let me again say that 
American Legion is a strong supporter of the ACCESS Act, that 
Senator Blumenthal and I are trying to work out our differences 
to see that we get it passed. Would you explain to the 
Committee the importance of the ACCESS Act and why the American 
Legion is supportive?
    Mr. Wiley. Absolutely. Thank you, Senator Moran, for that 
question. Community care is obviously important for our 
veterans. Most of our veterans, as I said in our opening 
remarks, are very happy with the care they get at the VA, and 
they prefer that. But as you know, just like Kansas and much of 
this country, there is a lot of distance between VA hospitals. 
You are in western Kansas you might be four hours from a VA 
hospital, so we have transportation issues. We have issues with 
regard to obtaining care from a specialist. And ultimately, we 
believe that the veteran should receive the care that is in 
their best interest, and we believe that this ACCESS Act will 
provide more oversight. We need to continue to have VA 
oversight of community care, but community care is obviously 
important for the best interest of our veterans. Thank you.
    Chairman Moran. I recognize Ranking Member Blumenthal.
    Senator Blumenthal. Thank you, National Commander, for 
calling attention to some of the most pressing needs of our 
veterans. Obviously, the Richard Star Act is a priority for me, 
not only as the Ranking Member of this Committee but also as a 
member of the Armed Services Committee. And you have correctly 
identified where the point of persuasion has to be with the 
leadership, the leadership of the United States Senate and the 
House of Representatives. So I urge every member here, if you 
think the Richard Star Act ought to be passed, contact the 
leadership of the United States Senate. And again, I thank 
Senator Moran for his advocacy and his support.
    I want to call attention to your advocacy on behalf of 
women veterans. As you say in your testimony, ``they are the 
fastest growing cohort of veterans.'' They are serving right 
now in harm's way in the Middle East. Tragically, one of the 
fallen is a woman National Guard member. We owe them the same 
kind of health care and compensation benefits that our male 
veterans receive.
    What kinds of specific measures, if you could talk about 
them, would you advocate to expand the service that we provide 
to our women veterans?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Ranking Member Blumenthal, for that 
question. And again, I appreciate your time as we had an 
opportunity last month in your office to discuss these very 
issues, and I know they are of concern to you.
    Obviously, the women veterans is the single biggest growing 
demographic. And I can tell you that VA care has improved 
significantly in the 30-plus years I have been a member of the 
American Legion. I have visited VA hospitals throughout this 
country. We now have hospitals--not all; we need to do a lot 
more--that have separate entrances, for example, for women 
veterans. And I know there are a lot of bills that impact women 
veterans, so I am going to ask our Veteran Affairs and 
Rehabilitation Director, Cole Lyle, to expand on that answer.
    Senator Blumenthal. Thank you.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Ranking 
Member Blumenthal. The American Legion has publicly supported 
the SAVES Act, which would expand the evidentiary standard for 
VA to be able to consider non-VA evidence, lay statements, 
nexus letters, things like that, in disability process claims. 
As the Commander alluded to, infrastructure at a lot of VA 
facilities, specific for women veterans, residential 
rehabilitation programs, secure areas in VA facilities for them 
to feel safe if they have experienced military sexual trauma or 
intimate partner violence.
    Also, Congresswoman Brownley has a bill to expand research 
on menopause. There is not a lot of evidence. There is a lot of 
anecdotal evidence. There is not a lot of research on 
menopausal links to certain things that drive suicide. And as 
we know, women veterans experience suicide at a much higher 
rate than their civilian counterparts.
    Senator Blumenthal. That is a great answer, and I want to 
just volunteer my services, my office, on this issue and others 
that you have raised, Commander, most especially the continuing 
scourge of veteran suicide, the need to expand the PACT Act, 
the importance of recognizing the next generation of toxic 
exposures, very, very important.
    And I want to just commend the American Legion for a 
program that is very close to my heart. In Connecticut, and I 
do not know how many of the other states have it, we have a 
Boys State and Girls State program, which fosters future 
leadership. Young people are chosen--it is a very competitive 
program--to participate in a nearly weeklong series of 
sessions, in usually it is a school location. They live in 
dormitories. They participate in mock Senate and House 
sessions. I think their conversations are considerably more 
erudite and informed than I often find around here.
    But I just want to say to the American Legion, providing 
the role models, fostering the leadership, is so important. We 
need to develop our future veterans. My son, who served in the 
United States Marine Corps, as an infantry officer in 
Afghanistan, my other son, who served as Navy SEAL, had you as 
role models. And they, in turn, will be role models for others. 
But you, in the American Legion, whatever your age, are role 
models for our future leadership. Thank you for being there for 
our great country. Thank you.
    Chairman Moran. To what office were you elected at Boys 
State?
    Senator Blumenthal. I did not participate, but my sons did, 
and it had an impact on them.
    Chairman Moran. I am quite certain I was never a Senator at 
Boys State. Representative Takano.
    Mr. Takano. I was at Boys State California. I did not get 
elected to anything, either.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Takano. Commander Wiley, one thing that I have heard 
loud and clear from the veteran community this month is 
veterans should never be punished for following medical advice. 
When VA issued changes to how medication effects would be 
treated in disability evaluations, did the Legion receive 
advance notice or a chance to weigh in?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Ranking Member Takano, and again, I 
appreciate your time and having the opportunity to meet with 
you last month. The simple answer is no. But I will also tell 
you that was an aberration for this Administration and the VA, 
because we have been fortunate enough in the American Legion to 
have been advised of most things. But we were not advised of 
this, and if we had been we would have told them exactly what 
we told them in the end, and that it was a terrible idea. So we 
are glad they rescinded it. But thank you.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you. Do you think VSOs like the American 
Legion should be brought in early before policies are rolled 
out, so that they are not surprised and trust is not shaken?
    Mr. Wiley. Absolutely. The veteran community is entitled 
and needs to be heard, yes.
    Mr. Takano. There are several important bills pending that 
would radically improve benefits for veterans, their families, 
and their survivors, like the Major Richard Star Act, or 
Representative Hayes's Caring for Survivors Act. Commander, you 
have been very clear that these are earned benefits, not 
favors. I see you are nodding your head. On bills like the 
Major Richard Star Act and survivor reforms, do you agree that 
Congress should not force veterans or survivors into a tradeoff 
where one group's earned benefit is paid for by cutting another 
group of veterans' benefits?
    Mr. Wiley. Yes.
    Mr. Takano. Do you think Congress should put the burden of 
paying for veterans benefits increases on other veterans or on 
the American people as a whole?
    Mr. Wiley. No, not on other veterans.
    Mr. Takano. Not on other veterans.
    Mr. Wiley. There is an obligation to pay for what a veteran 
has earned, and that is incurred at the time of service and 
they time they were put in harm's way. So yes, the American 
people and the American government, when they do that they have 
an obligation, but it should not be put on the shoulders of 
other veterans.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you. That was the point. I think the 
American people are very much willing to honor the obligations 
that we made to them.
    Commander Wiley, I sponsored the PACT Act, which has 
certainly helped many veterans gain access to VA benefits and 
health care that they have earned through their service. But 
even as we were writing the PACT Act, we knew that the PACT Act 
was only a step and that there would be more work left to do in 
the future. Where should Congress push next, and what exposures 
or cohorts are most urgent to address a PACT Act follow-on?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you again, Ranking Member Takano, and 
obviously the PACT Act, when it was passed, there is a 
mechanism in there for identifying future toxins that has not 
been adequately used. But to further elaborate, I am going to 
call on our VA&R Director, Cole Lyle, to answer.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and I see time is short so 
I will try to be brief. Yes, the mechanism that the Commander 
was talking about existed because Congress did not want to have 
to legislate individual presumptive conditions going forward. 
That process has been slow, and sometimes the process has been 
opaque. So I think if there were mandatory timelines requiring 
VA to review prospective presumptive conditions within, let's 
say, 180 days, mandate some sort of external review if 
presumptives were removed or an external review right after 
they were finalized, and then codify that presumptives could 
probably only be removed if there is overwhelming evidence that 
contradicts the existing science that was used in the approval 
process.
    Mr. Takano. Well, is the Secretary fully leveraging the 
authorities granted by Congress to establish new presumptives, 
in your view, or could he be more assertive?
    Mr. Lyle. I think Secretary Collins and the VA, as I said, 
there are some conditions, that particularly like with K2 
veterans, Red Hill, that could be advanced more quickly.
    Mr. Takano. What would be more helpful, faster presumptive 
decisions, clearer transparency on where conditions are in the 
process, or better access to exposure record so veterans are 
not left guessing?
    Mr. Lyle. Sir, I would say all three. I think the DoD, the 
ILER, the Individual--I am forgetting what the acronym stands 
for--but basically the individual record of exposures to 
servicemembers while they are on active service, that the DoD 
could track and then give to VA. That was supposed to be made 
available, I think, a year ago, and we are still waiting on 
that. There are definitely things that could improve in that 
process.
    Mr. Takano. Well, thank you. I yield back, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Tillis.

                       HON. THOM TILLIS,
                U.S. SENATOR FROM NORTH CAROLINA

    Senator Tillis. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thanks, everybody, 
for being here today. I always like it when my colleagues ask 
for people that are from California or whatever state. I would 
like to know if we have got anybody here that either is from 
North Carolina or spent a little quality time there in your 
past, if you will please raise your hands.
    [Hands raised.]
    Senator Tillis. There you go. First off, an explanation on 
the bolo. The Lumbee Tribe in North Carolina got recognized 
after 137 years of racism, neglect, and more recently as a 
target of the casino cartels. The reason I wear this today is 
because they have disproportionately, in spite of all those 
challenges, they are among some of the most courageous and 
disproportionately represented people in Armed Services in the 
State of North Carolina. So I am looking forward to them, now 
that they have been federally recognized, putting a mark in 
Lumbee and Robeson County focused on veterans and all those 
great Native Americans that have served this country, in the 
same way that you did. Thank you for your service.
    You know, as I was looking at the written testimony and my 
staff this week, I was trying to think of what I can do in my 
remaining time here. It is 305 days. Now, some people think I 
am counting the days before I am out of here, but I am a 
project person, and I am always mindful of how much time I have 
left in my budget. So as a U.S. Senator I have got 305 days to 
do everything I can to help you guys.
    One of the ways I want to help you is by having a frank 
conversation about how we address all the things the Commander 
has outlined, but not kill you with kindness. Because what we 
do here a lot of times is we rush to pass a bill, and we get it 
and we high five, and then about a year later we come back and 
figure out why it has failed to be executed properly.
    And quite honestly, I will give you the best example of 
that. You all know that I voted, in spite of being an original 
co-sponsor, and in spite of having the TEAM Act and the Camp 
Lejeune toxics being written out of my office and promoted, I 
voted against the PACT Act. And the reason I voted against the 
PACT Act, even knowing that it was going to pass by 
overwhelming majorities, is because I thought we were going to 
come up short on the execution. And that, by God, is exactly 
what has happened.
    So one of the things that I hope to do in my remaining time 
here, and my time is short on these comments, is to try and 
convene a meeting to figure out how we can get to all these 
priorities, past and future, Mr. Commander, but do it in a way 
that is honest, that is instructed by the reality of resources 
that we have here, to make sure that we can have maximum impact 
on you all. And not only kind of fulfill the promise by passing 
a law, but true to the state motto of North Carolina--it is 
Esse quam videri--it says ``To be, rather than to seem.'' 
Instead of seeming to support you all by passing bills that get 
caught up in execution, I want to be somebody that helps you do 
that in my remaining tenure in the Senate.
    So you will be getting a call from me, and we will get 
other veterans service organizations together, and we are going 
to figure out how to make the most out of the 305 days I have 
left to begin to make an installment on a debt we will never 
repay. Thank you.
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Senator Tillis, and I will tell you, 
me and my staff are more than happy to contact with your staff 
and work together to accomplish just that.
    Senator Tillis. Thank you.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Tillis, thank you. Representative 
Pappas.

                       HON. CHRIS PAPPAS,
             U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM NEW HAMPSHIRE

    Mr. Pappas. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Commander, 
thank you so much for your testimony here today, and I want to 
thank everyone from the American Legion family who is joining 
this hearing. Thank you for your service and sacrifice. It does 
not go unnoticed by Congress, and we certainly owe you all a 
debt, and have to work to repay that. And I think you have 
given us an important roadmap of how we can pursue our 
obligations to the veteran community and our Nation.
    Thank you for highlighting veteran suicide as your number 
one priority. It is on the minds of every veteran I talk to in 
the State of New Hampshire, and a shout-out to all those from 
the ``Live Free or Die'' State of New Hampshire who are joining 
this hearing today.
    I want you to know that this is important, and we need to 
focus on the kinds of alternative therapies that can help 
veterans manage pain and ensure that they are living with a 
high quality of life. We have got legislation called the NOPAIN 
for Veterans Act that can help reduce reliance on opioid-based 
treatments for veterans. And I am just wondering if you can 
kind of evaluate how we are doing at opening up the doors to 
some of these alternative therapies that can result in a better 
quality of life and less reliance on opioid-based medications.
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Representative Pappas. I appreciate 
that question. It is no secret that far too long doctors have 
prescribed opioids, which are destructive and addictive, to our 
veterans. And the American Legion, by resolution, supports 
alternative therapies, which is one of the reasons why we were 
proud to be in the Oval Office on December the 18th when the 
President signed the Executive order reclassifying cannabis 
from a Schedule I to Schedule III. There are a lot of other 
therapies that we believe would be productive for veterans, and 
I am going to ask, again, our VA&R Director, Cole Lyle, to 
address those.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Congressman. 
The NOPAIN for Veterans Act, right now the VA still treats many 
of these non-opioid pain management things, so long-lasting, 
topical pain cream, things like that, non-opioid injectables, 
as non-formulary, so it makes it harder for physicians to 
prescribe. They have got to go through extra red tape to do it. 
And it often costs more to the veteran out-of-pocket.
    So the bill, and why it would fix that problem, is it would 
mandate that VA add these no-opioid alternatives as VA 
formulary, to make it easier for those providers to prescribe 
alternatives, which, as the Commander noted, obviously we had 
an opioid crisis in the United States. As the VA and other 
agencies have worked to kind of lower that or reduce the impact 
of that on the population, veterans still have to find a way to 
deal with things like chronic pain. So without alternatives, 
they turn to self-medication and things like that. This would 
provide realistic alternatives.
    Mr. Pappas. Well, I appreciate those observations. We are 
committed to working with you on this, and on all the other 
priorities on the list. We have got to make some progress here. 
So let's get things moving. Your presence here in Washington is 
a big show of support for priorities that are going to 
positively impact the lives of veterans and their families all 
across our country. So thanks for being here, and let's keep up 
the pressure. I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Thank you, Congressman. Representative 
King-Hinds.

                   HON. KIMBERLYN KING-HINDS,
       U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS

    Ms. King-Hinds. First of all, I want to say thank you for 
your advocacy and for your leadership, and I want to thank all 
the members of the American Legions for being here, and for 
your continued work to be able to get Congress to move on some 
of these priority legislation. I appreciate all the hard work.
    I read your testimony, and I appreciate the clarity and the 
urgency in the testimony that you submitted. One of the things 
that I want to get a better understanding of, after reviewing 
your testimony, is from the priorities that you have outlined, 
what do you believe is the single biggest systematic failure in 
how we currently deliver benefits to veterans, and what 
specific legislative action should we be prioritizing to 
address it?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Representative King-Hinds. I am going 
to ask, again, our VA&R Director, Cole Lyle, to address that 
question.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander. I think if we are going to 
talk specifics in the benefits process it is the high rate of 
remands from the Board of Veterans Appeals, and that has 
directly resulted from the quality of CMP exams in that 
process. The VA largely utilizes contractors to conduct those 
CMP exams, and there is fairly consistent, in our regional 
office action review site visits we find inadequate DBQs that 
are submitted for CMP exams, that result in appeals, delays, 
things like that. So I would say that is the biggest----
    Ms. King-Hinds. Point of failure?
    Mr. Lyle [continuing]. Point of failure. And there are 
several bills, to include the MDEO--I am forgetting on what the 
specific bill number is off the top of my head--to improve the 
oversight of those contractors and ensure there is quality in 
those CMP exams.
    Ms. King-Hinds. Okay. Where do you see is the widest gap, 
then, between some of these legislation that have been enacted, 
going back to the point that Senator Tillis was making with 
regards to delivery, in terms of connecting legislation and the 
actual delivery and the way that the VA currently does its job?
    Mr. Lyle. It is a great question. From a 30,000-foot view 
perspective, I would say really education and advocacy, and 
educating veterans, many of whom often feel like if they apply 
for disability compensation they are going to be taking 
something away from another veteran. So I would say from a top-
level view that is the biggest thing, between legislation and 
actual delivery of benefits is educating veterans.
    Ms. King-Hinds. I would like to continue working with the 
American Legion to figure out how to actually address those 
systematic failures. Thank you. I yield my time.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Hassan.

                   HON. MARGARET WOOD HASSAN,
                U.S. SENATOR FROM NEW HAMPSHIRE

    Senator Hassan. Thank you, Mr. Chair, and to you and 
Chairman Bost and Ranking Members Blumenthal and Takano, thank 
you for this hearing. And to everyone here today, to Commander 
Wiley and everyone from the American Legion, including the 
Granite Staters who are in attendance, thank you for your 
service.
    I also just want to note that as the country is at war, our 
troops in harm's way are in all of our hearts today, as are the 
families of our fallen heroes.
    Our country owes all of you a debt of gratitude, not just 
for your service in uniform but also for your service to your 
fellow veterans.
    Commander Wiley, I wanted to start with a question about 
how we are handling services for women who are, of course, the 
fastest-growing group of veterans. They obviously deserve easy 
access to care that is specific to them and their needs. 
Senator Blackburn and I are working on this issue, and we are 
going to introduce a bill soon that would codify the ability of 
women veterans to directly schedule gender-specific care 
without having to get a primary care referral first. But we 
know we need to do more.
    Commander, what else can Congress do to ensure that women 
veterans have easy, reliable access to the care that meets 
their specific needs?
    Mr. Wiley. I think a couple of things that they can do 
specifically. As I suggested, or saw in one of the VA hospital 
visits, is having a separate access for women veterans. It is 
also having a sufficient number of doctors that can treat women 
veterans. You know, 20 years ago you would never have heard of 
an OB-GYN in a VA, and we have, obviously, veterans that are 
having babies. And we need more women physicians and more of 
those types to treat women veterans. So those are the big 
things we can do right off the bat, I think, to help women 
veterans.
    Senator Hassan. Thank you for that, and I look forward to 
working with you and your members on that issue.
    Another question concerning families of veterans. It is not 
just to care for our veterans, we also owe a debt to their 
families. And after a veteran passes, surviving family members 
may encounter financial strains. Some can qualify for monthly 
payments under Dependency and Indemnity Compensation (DIC), but 
those payments can be much smaller than what a veteran was 
receiving for VA disability.
    Commander, what are some potential options that Congress 
should consider to help these families through this adjustment 
period, so that they do not have to immediately worry about 
money while they are grieving for their loved one?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you again, Senator Hassan. I agree with 
you 100 percent on the premise, and I am going to ask our VA&R 
Director Cole out to address that specifically.
    Senator Hassan. Thank you.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Senator. I 
think the American Legion has supported the Caring for 
Survivors Act and the Love Lives On Act specifically to raise 
the DIC, the Dependency and Indemnity Compensation, because as 
you pointed out, while their servicemember is alive they rely 
on a certain level of income for the quality of life and 
standard of living, and when it gets significantly reduced that 
is a pretty big financial shock.
    Senator Hassan. Sure. Thank you very much. I yield.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Sheehy.

                        HON. TIM SHEEHY,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM MONTANA

    Senator Sheehy. We are veterans, not victims. Veterans, not 
victims. And we are not entitled to anything. We have earned 
the benefits that we deserve, and we deserve those benefits in 
the form that they should come. And I think the best thing we 
can do for our veterans when we get home from war--and I will 
talk to Mr. Sharpe and Espinoza about this--is make sure that 
they can serve again, and that can be as law enforcement 
officers, that can be as a firefighter, that can be as a small 
business owner, a machinist, a welder. Right now America has a 
skills gap. We do not have enough pilots, police officers, 
firefighters, welders, electricians, and these careers are 
actually well suited for veterans. Probably the best careers as 
veterans even is agriculture. We do not have enough producers, 
ranchers, and farmers, and we are not afraid of getting up 
early and working until the sun goes down. And these jobs are 
important for the future of America. They sustain our economy 
and they feed our Nation.
    So Mr. Sharpe and Mr. Espinoza, I would like to hear from 
you what you think we can do to make sure that when our 
veterans come home and take that uniform off they do not spend 
the rest of their life talking about how great it was to be 
veteran. They spend the rest of their life achieving new great 
heights as veterans and make us proud yet again.
    Mr. Sharpe. Thank you for that question. The American 
Legion has always supported expansion of the TAP program. We 
believe TAP program should be a way for veterans to find 
employment and also be gainfully employed. Currently not all 
our veterans are aware of the various services that are out 
there for veterans as far as finding employment, so the 
American Legion has, for our resolution, we believe that there 
should be a transition app with an AI component to it, to put 
all veterans that are leaving the military on a level playing 
field. Because depending on what installation that you are 
leaving from it may not have all the services for everyone. So 
we believe that transition app is the one thing that will level 
the playing field, keep veterans informed of all the services 
and programs that the TAP office currently has, but also keep 
an eye on what is happening in the private sector, as well. 
Thank you.
    Senator Sheehy. What I say one thing I could use all of 
your help with is one of the requirements to receive your DD 
214 upon discharge should be a full transfer of your health 
records to the VA, a VA disability physical has been completed, 
and you are ingested into VA before the DoD lets go of you. 
That would solve this chasm that too many veterans fall into, 
which is they step off active duty and they spend months or 
years or the rest of their lives trying to get into the VA, 
trying to get the disability claims adjudicated. That should be 
a condition of discharge, and I think the sooner we adopt a 
clear transfer of health records and health status from the DoD 
to the VA will solve that problem. Thank you.
    Chairman Moran. Thank you, Senator Sheehy. Senator King.

                    HON. ANGUS S. KING, JR.,
                    U.S. SENATOR FROM MAINE

    Senator King. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I do not want to 
throw shade at you guys but you were talking about Boys State. 
I was Governor of American Legion Boys State.
    [Applause.]
    Senator King. Now, the tricky part, Boys State was 
Virginia, and later I was elected Governor of Maine, and the 
people of Maine are still trying to figure that out.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator King. And also I want to congratulate you on Matt 
Jabaut being your Legislative Director. But it is pretty sneaky 
because he lives a mile away from me. Having your chief 
legislative guy as my neighbor, I think that is, you know, come 
on, man.
    I want to follow up on Senator Sheehy. There is a bill we 
are hoping to get in markup that would allow, and in fact 
mandate, the registration of people into the VA health system 
before they leave active duty. So I hope that is something we 
can work on together, because I think that is a really good 
idea.
    One of the things I have been focused on since I have been 
here is transition. My rule is very simple. The government 
should spend as much money, time, and effort on transition out 
as they do on recruiting in, and they do not do that. So I hope 
that is something we can work together on. TAP promotion, I 
think we almost made it last year, giving the VSOs access to 
people during the TAP process. The whole idea is to give people 
leaving active duty more information about what is available. 
You are nodding. I hope you agree, Mr. Wiley.
    Mr. Wiley. Senator King, we absolutely agree with you. To 
have the VSOs have access will make that transition to the 
community much easier because we can provide them the 
information necessary so they can make that transition into the 
community.
    Senator King. Something else that I am working on in the 
area of veteran suicide, which is one of the great tragedies of 
this country, is for the VA to provide free lockboxes for 
firearms, to any veteran. Seventy-five percent of veteran 
suicides, almost 75 percent, are with firearms, and as we have 
learned, the data shows that if there is any gap between the 
idea and execution, self-execution, that that can be a real 
help to somebody who is thinking about this terrible act. So I 
hope that is something you can also help us with. It is based 
on a pilot program in Utah that has been very effective. We are 
not taking any names. This is not gun control. This is safety 
for veterans. So I hope you can help us on that one.
    Mr. Wiley. Senator King, we absolutely support that.
    Senator King. And then, finally, staffing issues at the VA. 
We all know that the VA has lost a lot of people in the last 
year. The number, I have heard 30,000. I have heard more. What 
I want from you is reports from the field as to whether or not 
that is having an impact on service for veterans. We have 
gotten the word from the VA. They feel, the Secretary, you 
heard him the other day, everything is good and wait times are 
down. But I would like some feedback from people in the field 
as to whether that is the case. Because you are the ones that 
are actually experiencing this, and we are looking to fix 
problems here, but we cannot fix the problems if we do not know 
what they are.
    So I look forward to working with you on that, as well. And 
thank you very much for your leadership, and I look forward to 
continuing our work together on behalf of American veterans. 
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Moran. Governor, thank you for your questions.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Moran. Senator Boozman.

                       HON. JOHN BOOZMAN,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM ARKANSAS

    Senator Boozman. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you for 
being here. I thank all of you for being here. In the last 
several years, Congress has been able to step forward and 
again, as somebody whose dad did 20 years, I understand that 
these are, as Senator Sheehy just said, ``these are certainly 
earned benefits.'' And we have been able to accomplish a lot, 
but the only reason we have been able to accomplish it is 
because of you all. And so there is nothing more heartwarming 
to sit here and look out and see a full chamber. People on the 
wall, that is a good thing. There is no substitute for you 
being here, talking to the people that represent you, telling 
them how important these things are and why they are needed. 
And because of your help, like I said, we have been able to do 
a lot of good things, and we will continue to do that in a very 
bipartisan way. That is really what it is all about.
    So, the VA recently released its annual Veteran Suicide 
Prevention Report with the date 3/20/23. It shows that veteran 
suicide crisis, as you all know, continues to rage. The report 
highlighted the success of the Staff Sergeant Fox Grant 
Program, making more than 24,000 referrals and 854 lifesaving 
emergency service-connections for veterans.
    Mr. Wiley, what have you heard from your members regarding 
the program and aspects that need to be changed or improved?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Senator. I appreciate the question. I 
think there are several things that can be done with regard to 
the epidemic of veteran suicide. As you know, this is our 
number one mission in eliminating the stigma. But more 
resources, number one, are needed for mental health. We need 
more resources for things to combat homelessness, like the HUD-
VASH program. And we need basically--I lost my train of 
thought. I apologize.
    I am going to ask Cole Lyle to elaborate on that. Thank 
you.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander.
    Senator Boozman. You are just trying to make me feel 
better. That happens to me more often than not [laughter].
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Senator Boozman. I think the success 
of the Staff Sergeant Parker Gordon Fox Grant Program, over the 
years we have seen the VA move closer and closer to the 
community, from medical centers to CBOCs to vet centers, and 
now things like the Fox Grant Program, that are not VA 
organizations but leverage VA funding to provide that outreach 
to veterans, which is crucial because less than 50 percent of 
veterans use the VA. The number of veteran suicides with the 
declining population has stayed stagnant, so the rate of 
suicide, if you look at the data, has actually increased.
    And these types of programs are local programs that 
veterans trust, that are in their community, that provide that 
outreach, and deal with the upstream factors of suicide, like 
transportation, relationship issues, acute financial stress, 
any number of different things. So we want to get to the 
veteran before there is a critical mass of despair, and 
programs like that are really helpful.
    Senator Boozman. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Again, thank you 
all for being here, and the fact that you are pushing hard and 
together, we are getting a lot done.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Boozman, thank you. Senator Murray, 
former Chairman of the Committee.

                       HON. PATTY MURRAY,
                  U.S. SENATOR FROM WASHINGTON

    Senator Murray. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. Thank 
you to all of you who are here today and everyone in this 
country who has served our Nation. We all owe you, and we all 
say this, a debt of gratitude for your service, but it is more 
than that. We owe you to keep the promise that when you come 
home we will be there for you in any way, both to the current 
veterans and to the ones who we will see in the future.
    I think it is really important today, Mr. Chairman, and 
this has kind of been glossed over, this point of time that we 
are in, where we have a President who is taking us to war in 
Iran, who seems to have no problem sending other kids off to a 
war but seems to have a problem in picking up the tab when it 
comes right by doing our servicemembers when they come home. 
With a VA right now that has waiting lines, that veterans 
cannot get served, that we see doctors and nurses who are not 
being hired, and no thought has been given to that. What we 
hear from Trump is that he is saying that this bombing campaign 
in Iran could go on indefinitely. He is saying the death of our 
servicemembers in a war of choice is, quote--and he said this--
``just the way it is.'' He is saying he will not rule out 
putting American boots on the ground in Iran. I think it is a 
very serious time for our country.
    I have served on this Committee for more than 30 years. I 
know the consequences of war, as each and every one of you does 
in front of me. And to go to war without preparing for the 
future, and making sure that we are there for the men and women 
whose service, and we thank them for that, but when they come 
home, as well. And, Mr. Chairman, we are not ready for that 
today.
    This has to be a consequence that we consider. For numerous 
reasons I am going to be using my voice today to vote ``no'' on 
the war in Iran. But it is the responsibility of this Committee 
and every Member of Congress to think about all the 
consequences of war and take that into account and hold this 
Administration accountable and make that clear when we make our 
choices, moving forward. I felt it was really important to say 
that today, with all of you who have served our country, and 
know what those sacrifices mean.
    So, Mr. Chairman, I only have a few seconds left, and with 
that I want to change the subject and thank you, Commander 
Wiley, for saying the word ``menopause.'' Having been on this 
Committee for more than 30 years, this is the first time I have 
heard it, and I think I counted four times.
    For our women whose service in this country, we know that 
they experience early menopause after having served in the 
military, more than women in the general population. We need to 
know why, and we need to be able to make sure that we are doing 
the right thing for those women. I did introduce a bill last 
year for the VA to do more research on that. That, along with 
all the other things that you were talking about today have as 
serious a consequence today as we are in this time, where a 
President has taken us to war in Iran without congressional 
consent, as any other time.
    And I want to thank every one of you for being here. And my 
promise to all of you is I will fight to make sure, no matter 
what goes forward, that this Committee and this Congress will 
do, for our veterans who serve us, the right thing when they 
come home, and we have to take that cost into account as we 
make these decisions.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Murray, thank you. Now I recognize 
Mr. McGarvey.

                     HON. MORGAN MCGARVEY,
               U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM KENTUCKY

    Mr. McGarvey. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you all for 
being here today. Thank you for your continued service to our 
country. Mr. Wiley, thank you guys. The American Legion, you 
all have spent generations making sure that our veterans are 
taken care of when they come home, that they continue to have 
meaningful lives after their service. And I know everyone on 
this Committee shares that same goal of making sure that we get 
our veterans the care that they have been promised, that they 
have earned, and that they deserve.
    I think one area where the VA could be doing much more 
right now is getting innovative ideas off the ground. You heard 
Senator Murray talk about the need for research, particularly 
among our women veterans right now. Look what the VA has at its 
disposal. It is the largest patient population of any hospital 
system in the country, by multiples, 9 million patients. We are 
the largest longitudinal dataset of any health system in the 
country. Think about it. We get you oftentimes when you are 17 
or 18 years old. We keep you until the day you die. Seventy-
five percent of physicians do some sort of training or work in 
the VA right now. And what are we doing with this treasure 
trove of talent and information? Not enough. Not nearly enough.
    Right now, even really good ideas can sit around for years 
before veterans are able to see them, because the VA does not 
have the tools or the flexibility that other agencies use. We 
have the stuff there but we have structural impediments to it. 
At places like the Department of Defense and NASA, they can 
partner quickly with early stage companies that guarantee a 
market for promising technologies, and they can move these good 
ideas and these research things from concept to real-world use, 
without getting buried in red tape. The VA does not have those 
same authorities. And the veterans are the people who feel the 
impact of that delay and that bureaucracy every day.
    It does not have to be this way. We can empower the 
innovation team at the VHA to conceive and test new solutions 
that go after the hardest problems that our veterans face. And 
think about this, we solve these problems for our veterans, we 
can start solving them for everyone in the country.
    So, I want to go to you, Mr. Wiley, and just say if the VA 
had flexibility and authorities to test and scale these types 
of new care models quickly, what kinds of innovative programs 
would you want them to prioritize first to better meet the 
needs of your members?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you for that question, and absolutely, we 
are always looking for different methods of treatment to treat 
our veterans that might be more successful than those have been 
in the past, because we believe that is one of the main ways to 
combat the epidemic of veteran suicide.
    But with regard to the specifics, again, I am going to ask 
our VA&R Director, Cole Lyle, to address that.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Congressman. 
I think some basic programs like digital matching tools, I 
think there is a pilot program for identifying substitute 
caregivers that could be directly expanded and utilized 
nationally, so caregivers could have trusted resources for 
substitutes to come and care for their servicemember. Hybrid, 
in-person telehealth type things, where there is a remote 
monitoring with the wearables and home sensors. So for rural 
veterans that have to travel long distances for chronic pain 
management and things like that, they only have in-hospital 
visits for severe issues that are not routine, and they can do 
telehealth appointments for things that are pretty routine. So 
it would reduce readmittance rates, wait times, things like 
that, that the VA could utilize pilot and expand rapidly if 
they had those authorities.
    Mr. McGarvey. Thank you so much. I am out of time, Mr. 
Chairman. I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Thank you. Representative Conaway.

                       HON. HERB CONAWAY,
              U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM NEW JERSEY

    Mr. Conaway. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And I tell you, I 
like Senator King because as it turns out I was Boys State 
Governor, as well, in New Jersey, in 1980.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Conaway. I have not gone on to become a Governor, but 
it certainly was a very impactful time of my life that 
certainly has paved my way to going into elected office.
    Thank you, Commander Wiley, for your testimony, and thank 
you to the American Legion and this panel for your advocacy and 
leadership. I wanted to take this time to shout-out to my local 
American Legion post, of which I am a member, Slade-Valentine 
Post in Burlington City, 336. Where are you guys? I think they 
are here. New Jersey folks, there you are. I am happy you are 
here with us in the audience, as well.
    As a physician and veteran, I have been extremely 
disappointed with the VA's decision to shrink its medical 
workforce. We all know that in order for the VA to continue to 
provide quality care it must be fully staffed. Just yesterday, 
the VA reported 1,500 vacancies among its physician workforce, 
and 4,900 vacancies with respect RNs in the VA. Our veterans 
depend on these medical professionals. Quality care depends on 
quality, fully staffed workforce.
    What would you say are the biggest barriers, and 
particularly given your emphasis, rightly, on mental health 
services for veterans? And here, I want to thank Senator King 
who is working with us on trying to get telehealth services in 
a pilot to veterans who are incarcerated, and also for his 
effort, and he has mentioned it here today, to lift the cap so 
that we can help the VA recruit more physicians into the 
service. But what would you say are the biggest barriers to 
veterans trying to access mental health services within the VA?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you. I appreciate that question. And I am 
going to ask our VA&R Director, Cole Lyle, to address that 
question.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Congressman. 
I think, obviously, outreach is a huge thing. The VA's budget 
for mental health and suicide prevention outreach I think is 
hovering around $600 million right now, which sounds like a 
large number. A big portion of that is going to the Fox Grant 
Program, and advertising things like that. That represents less 
than 1/10th of 1 percent of VA's overall budget.
    So outreach could definitely improve. I think utilizing 
VSOs, things like the Fox Grant Program, making it easier for 
local and state-level organizations to access those funds and 
expand those funds, primarily authorize the program, would be 
very helpful.
    Mr. Conaway. Thank you. Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Thank you. Senator Slotkin.

                      HON. ELISSA SLOTKIN,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM MICHIGAN

    Senator Slotkin. All right. You are almost done, I think. I 
am Senator Elissa Slotkin from Michigan, a former CIA officer. 
I did three tours in Iraq alongside the military. And I want to 
associate myself with Senator Sheehy's comments, but 
particularly mention a piece of legislation he and I are 
working on, on making sure that the GI Bill gives the same 
benefits for a veteran choosing an apprenticeship versus going 
into education of some kind. Right now you get dinged every six 
months if you are in an apprenticeship, and your benefit just 
does not go as far.
    We have talked to the Legion about this. I think we are on 
the same page. But I just want to put a marker down that at a 
time when our country needs, again, so many specific career 
types--a lot of those career types that Senator Sheehy 
mentioned, especially skilled trades, are apprenticeships, and 
you should not be dinged because you want to go into a 
successful career in the trades versus going to a four-year 
university. So I just wanted to put that marker down.
    But as a part of this kind of post-9/11 generation, I want 
to raise a separate issue, and if not get an answer, get this 
community thinking about this, artificial intelligence in 
deciding what benefits our veterans get or do not get. There is 
a lot of discussion about bringing artificial intelligence into 
the VA. I am working on legislation right now debating this. 
And there are lots of pilot programs being looked at.
    What I am concerned about is that before we hardly know 
what is happening, we are going to let software decide if a 
veteran gets a benefit or not. And I have got a problem with 
that. And we understand that AI can do amazing things and can 
amalgamate data and figure out if a veteran has got all their 
paperwork in, but does the Legion have thinking on this? Who is 
the thought leader that is trying to help our veterans 
organizations think through this new, hot issue that is coming 
to a theater near us?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Senator. I appreciate your question. 
And let me give you an example of a recent visit I had to a 
regional office and explain, in my mind, how artificial 
intelligence can be productive.
    What they do is use artificial intelligence for 
administrative tasks such as organizing records and putting 
those all together for a reviewer or rater. What should not 
happen, and what we cannot allow happen, is for artificial 
intelligence to substitute for judgment.
    Senator Slotkin. Right.
    Mr. Wiley. Judgment has to be a human being that can review 
all of the evidence and make an independent determination using 
everything they know. Artificial intelligence is not a 
replacement for that.
    Senator Slotkin. Yes, so thank you. And, Mr. Chairman, I 
just think this is an issue we are going to have to deal with 
as a Committee, both Chairmen here and Ranking Members, of just 
how much power are we going to give to AI to decide if a 
veteran gets reimbursed for something, if a veteran qualifies 
for something. I just think we are moving very fast and there 
are some real benefits, I know, but a human being needs to be 
in the decision tree before we start making life-and-death 
decisions for veterans.
    So I appreciate everyone's work here, and thank you. I 
yield back.
    [Applause.]
    Chairman Moran. Senator, thank you. Representative Takano 
has an additional question I am going to allow him to ask, and 
then we are going to turn to the Senator, and then we are going 
to conclude this panel. There is a vote that started in the 
Senate, and we will have a change to our second panel during 
that vote. Senator? Representative?
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. You know, with The New 
York Times article yesterday, I wanted to quickly ask a 
question about staffing. Veterans' care does not happen without 
staff, and Commander, are you hearing from legionnaires about 
appointments being pushed out or services getting harder to 
access?
    Mr. Wiley. Anecdotally, the answer is yes.
    Mr. Takano. So anecdotally. For the legionnaires here 
today, I just want a show of hands. Are you experiencing 
delayed care or longer wait time because a clinic, a CBOC, did 
not have enough staff? Just raise your hand, by show of hands.
    [Hands raised.]
    Mr. Takano. All right. So a number of hands have been 
raised. Thank you. I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Thank you, Ranking Member. Senator?

                        HON. JIM BANKS,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM INDIANA

    Senator Banks. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. First of all, 
welcome to the many Hoosier legionnaires who are in the 
audience. I am very proud to be your Senator. I am a member of 
the American Legion Post 98 in my hometown, Columbia City, 
Indiana, and I am very proud of it.
    [Applause.]
    Senator Banks. Our veterans count in the American Legion 
and all of our great veterans service organizations to advocate 
for the very best possible health care, education, and 
disability benefits for our veterans every day, and I want to 
thank all of you for the important work that you do.
    Commander Wiley, I strongly agree that veterans deserve a 
claims and appeals system that is simple, efficient, and worthy 
of their service. I appreciate the Legion's support for my 
Veterans Appeals Efficiency Act that I have introduced, that we 
worked with you on. Can you talk about the bill and why it 
would be helpful?
    Mr. Wiley. Thank you, Senator Banks. It is something that 
is important to us, and I am going to ask our VA&R Director, 
Cole Lyle, to specifically address that.
    Mr. Lyle. Thank you, Commander, and thank you, Senator. The 
act you cited is a great idea. There are a lot of specific 
provisions in there, reporting requirements from the VA, making 
the process more transparent.
    I know there have been concerns in the veteran community 
about aggregation of data. I think obviously, as mentioned 
earlier, there is a high remand rate from the court. 
Aggregation, particularly for presumptive conditions, could be 
a good thing, if granted. I understand we have had 
conversations with your office about an opt-out if they choose 
not to, because one of the big concerns would be the veteran 
losing their individual POA, and that would be particularly 
difficult to deal with if it was an aggregated claim that got 
denied. It would just kind of clutter the system.
    So if we could work with your office on improving the 
language for the bill, just discussing some of the concerns and 
make it more effective, if passed.
    Senator Banks. I am glad to work with you on that. Thank 
you for that explanation.
    Commander, the VA's legal authority to care for homeless 
veterans expired during the government shutdown last fall. We 
can never let that happen again. And I am introducing 
legislation to make the Health Care for Homeless Veterans 
(HCHV) Program permanent, so that it cannot shut down during a 
shutdown. Can I count on the Legion's support to help pass that 
bill?
    Mr. Wiley. Yes.
    Senator Banks. Very good. All right. Well, thank you for 
that. Again, thank you for all that you do, each and every one 
of you in the room, and your leadership. I am a big fan of the 
American Legion. I am proud to be a member. With that, Mr. 
Chairman, I yield back.
    Chairman Moran. Senator Banks, thank you very much. 
National Commander, thank you for you and your team's 
testimony. I will use a moment to recognize the National 
Commander of the Sons of the American Legion. I am a member of 
the Sons of the American Legion, and use this as an opportunity 
to indicate to others like me that there is an opportunity to 
serve veterans and to be a part of the American Legion program.
    With that we close out this panel and transition to our 
second panel. Again, Commander Wiley, thank you. I will see you 
in Kansas at some point in time. But thank you to your entire 
team of American Legion advocates and workers on behalf of our 
Nation's veterans and their families.
    We will take a brief recess to allow the American Legion 
panel and the audience members to depart, and our second panel 
organizations and members to get situated. We are pausing. 
Thank you.

    [Recess.]

                     HON. TOMMY TUBERVILLE,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM ALABAMA

    Senator Tuberville [presiding]. Welcome, everybody. You can 
take your seats. We will get started. Welcome to our second 
panel of witnesses and audience members. Thanks for being here 
today.
    In our second panel today we have Mr. Robert Thomas, 
National President for Paralyzed Veterans of America; Mr. Paul 
Shipley, National Commander for AMVETS; Mr. Terry Prince, 
President for National Association of State Directors of 
Veterans Affairs.
    [Applause.]
    Senator Tuberville. You have a pretty good contingent here, 
Terry.
    Lieutenant General Walter Piatt, Chief Executive Officer 
for Wounded Warrior Project. Thanks for being here. Ms. Anita 
Sullivan, surviving spouse of Navy Petty Officer Third Class 
Michael Sullivan, testifying for Tragedy Assistance Program for 
Survivors; Major General Frank McGinn, President for National 
Guard Association of the United States; and Mr. Jim Whaley, 
Chief Executive Officer for Mission Roll Call.
    Thank you all again for being here and for your 
organizations' hard work and dedication. You provide tremendous 
value to our Committee.
    So we will start now. Mr. Thomas, you are recognized for 5 
minutes, and we will just go down the line.

                            PANEL II

                              ----------                              


 STATEMENT OF ROBERT THOMAS JR., NATIONAL PRESIDENT, PARALYZED 
                      VETERANS OF AMERICA

    Mr. Thomas. Chairman Moran, Chairman Bost, and Members of 
the Committees, thank you for the opportunity to speak with you 
today on behalf of the tens of thousands of veterans with 
spinal cord injuries and disorders who rely on VA's benefits 
and care.
    The VA is the best health care provider for veterans with 
catastrophic disabilities. The Department's Spinal Cord 
Injuries and Disorders System of Care provide a coordinated, 
life-long continuum of services. There is no comparable private 
system of care in the community. Thus, preserving and 
strengthening VA's specialty care system remains PVA's highest 
priority, and it should be for you too.
    When I appeared before these Committees last year, I spoke 
about the ways that ongoing staffing deficiencies and 
infrastructure problems were undermining not just VA's SCI/D 
System of Care but VA's specialized services in general. Now, 
much has changed since then, and it is frustrating to have to 
bring up this, year after year, without resolution.
    Unfortunately, the previous administration's practice of 
simply eliminating unfilled positions continues. This is 
extremely concerning because it presents the illusion that 
staffing levels are better than they really are, and I must 
call a ``foul'' on this. Because at the same time positions are 
being eliminated, it could be difficult to fill them due to the 
staffing caps and funding limitations. I urge you to continue 
to press VA for answers regarding how it plans to care for the 
tens of thousands of veterans with SCI/D who are on its 
registries and depend on VA for quality, timely, direct care. 
This cannot be allowed to continue for another year.
    Access to lifelong services and supports continue to be 
crucial for PVA's members. We are very appreciative of 
Congress' passage of the Senator Elizabeth Dole Act. VA says 
the VA's Directed Care program is now available at all major 
facilities. But the feedback we have suggests some programs 
exist in name only or serve few veterans. Congress must ensure 
that the Elizabeth Dole Act's provisions are carried out as 
intended.
    Another important aspect of lifelong support is VA's Bowel 
and Bladder program. For veterans with SCI/D, support for 
neurogenic bowel and bladder dysfunction is a crucial aspect of 
their care. Unfortunately, VA's current Bowel and Bladder 
program is fraught with challenges for caregivers. Timely 
reimbursement and the tax treatment of payments are the two 
chief complaints I hear. Codifying the program would provide 
the opportunity to fix many of these problems. I thank Chairman 
Moran for his bill, the Disabled Veterans Dignity Act, which 
would help to address these issues. We also appreciate the 
interest from the House in introducing a similar bill that 
includes the provisions addressing the taxability issue.
    Another area of concern is transportation to VA care. We 
are very concerned about new VA guidance that ends facility 
prepayment of round-trip common-carrier airfare for veterans 
traveling to VA SCI/D facilities. This change requires veterans 
to arrange and pay for travel up-front and seek reimbursement 
after their appointments, effectively preventing many from 
receiving necessary care. We appreciate that the VA is 
attempting to figure out a solution to this problem, and call 
on Congress to provide VA any resources, including clear 
statutory authority, to ensure veterans can access specialty 
care.
    Finally, Special Monthly Compensation (SMC) is arguably the 
most important ancillary benefit for veterans with severe 
service-connected disabilities. Given the extreme nature of the 
disabilities incurred by most veterans in receipt of SMC, we do 
not believe that the impact on the quality of life can be 
totally compensated for. However, SMC does at least provide 
these veterans a financial resource to help accommodate their 
individual needs.
    In similar fashion, survivor benefits are intended to 
protect veterans' families from impoverishment after the death 
of a service-disabled veteran. Unfortunately, they do not 
always do that, and many survivors who, in many cases, were 
once caregivers, face a financial cliff. Congress established 
the baseline rates for these programs decades ago. They must be 
updated now. We urge Congress to quickly pass the Sharri Briley 
and Eric Edmundson Veterans Benefits Expansion Act.
    Thank you for the opportunity to testify. I would be happy 
to answer any questions.

    [The prepared statement of Mr. Thomas appears on pages 94-
118 of the Appendix.]

    Senator Tuberville. Thank you, Mr. Thomas. I would like 
everybody to pull your microphone just a little closer. You 
have got people in the back. Make sure that you speak into it, 
because we are a government entity. We do not run real well up 
here, as you all well know.
    Mr. Shipley from American Vets, you have 5 minutes.

                   STATEMENT OF PAUL SHIPLEY,
                   NATIONAL COMMANDER, AMVETS

    Mr. Shipley. Chairman Bost, Chairman Moran, Ranking Members 
Takano and Blumenthal, and distinguished Members of the 
Committees, on behalf of AMVETS thank you for the opportunity 
to present our legislative priorities and for your continued 
commitment to the men and women who have served our country. 
AMVETS represents more than 20 million veterans, from every era 
of service, including active duty, National Guard, Reserve, and 
those who have transitioned to civilian life.
    This past year marks a new chapter for our organization. 
After more than 80 years in the National Capital region, we 
relocated our National Headquarters to Washington, 
Pennsylvania, where we also established the AMVETS Family 
Service Center. This 35,000 square foot facility will serve our 
homeless veterans and their families. Our veterans will be able 
to remain with their spouses and children while they secure 
employment, permanent housing, and long-term stability.
    Through the Center, we administer Department of Labor 
Homeless Veterans Reintegration Program grants in Salt Lake 
City, Utah, and Phoenix, Arizona, along with workforce programs 
and Veteran Stand Downs across the Nation. These efforts 
reflect what experience has taught us--housing, employment, 
mental wellness, and family stability are interconnected. 
Effective policy must reflect that reality.
    Mental wellness and suicide prevention remain our top 
legislative priority. Despite significant Federal investment, 
suicide continues to take an unacceptable toll on the veteran 
community. We have seen strong, evidence-driven results from 
community-based efforts supported by the Staff Sergeant Fox 
Grant Program, which often reach veterans for whom traditional 
care has not worked.
    As Congress considers reauthorizing the Fox Grants, we urge 
expanding proven models and continuing to focus on measurable 
outcomes. Our current approach spends billion while delivering 
minimal improvement in reducing symptoms and suicide.
    After two and a half decades following 9/11 and more than 
140,000 veteran deaths, the time has come to invest in programs 
where outcomes are front and center. Congress and the VA must 
embrace a proactive, outcome-driven approach and move beyond an 
expensive, reactive system that is not working for the vast 
majority of veterans.
    Wellness interventions must begin earlier and be embedded 
throughout a servicemember's career. The real antidote to 
suicide is not slogans or billboards telling veterans to seek 
help. It is ensuring that the men and women who serve are 
equipped with the tools to build meaningful lives and know 
where to turn when times become difficult.
    A similar forward-looking approach is needed in the 
treatment of traumatic brain injury. Since 2000, more than 
500,000 servicemembers have been diagnosed with TBI. Many face 
lasting cognitive and emotional effects that disrupt 
employment, relationships, and overall health. Legislation such 
as the BEACON Act and the Veterans TBI Adaptive Care 
Opportunities Nationwide Act will allow the VA to evaluate and 
expand innovative, patient-centered therapies. We are also 
thankful to Chairman Moran's leadership on the Precision Brain 
Health Research Act of 2025, which would help broaden our 
understanding of the impacts of repetitive, low-level blast 
injuries on veterans' mental health. Veterans deserve care that 
evolves with science and focuses on meaningful recovery.
    We must also honor our commitments to surviving families. 
Dependency and Indemnity Compensation has not kept pace with 
the comparable Federal survivor benefits. Modernizing DIC 
through the Sharri Briley and Eric Edmundson Veterans Benefit 
Expansion Act, the Caring for Survivors Act, and the Love Lives 
On Act is a matter of fairness and dignity for families who 
have already sacrificed so much.
    Modernization with the VA is equally essential. A fully 
interoperable electronic health record between the Department 
of Defense and the VA reduces duplication, improves patient 
safety, and ensures continuity of care. As the rollout 
continues next month, sustained oversight and disciplined 
execution are necessary for success. Failure is not an option.
    Fairness also requires passage of the Major Richard Star 
Act. For decades the Federal Government has reduced military 
retirement pay simply because a servicemember was wounded badly 
enough to receive disability compensation. This has been framed 
as concurrent receipt, suggesting veterans are double dipping. 
They are not. Military retirement is earned through years of 
service. Disability compensation addresses injuries sustained 
in that service. When the government offsets one against the 
other, it is taking away retirement that was already earned.
    Let me be clear. It is time to stop stealing from our 
servicemembers. Congress needs to immediately end this 
injustice and pass the Major Richard Star Act.
    Finally, AMVETS supports the development of a coordinated 
national veterans strategy focused on measurable outcomes. This 
nation invests hundreds of billions of dollars each year in 
veteran-related programs. Those resources must be expended 
around clear goals, accountability, and results that improve 
health, employment, and quality of life. As the men and women 
who defend our Nation are once again placed in harm's way, we 
depend on this body to ensure that we are cared for when they 
return home. Our veterans and their families deserve more than 
promises. They deserve measurable progress in their health, 
their opportunities, and their quality of life.
    Thank you for your continued commitment to those who have 
served. I look forward to answering any questions you may have.
    [Applause.]

    [The prepared statement of Mr. Shipley appears on pages 
119-129 of the Appendix.]

    Senator Tuberville. Thank you, Mr. Shipley.
    Next is Mr. Terry Prince.

 STATEMENT OF TERRY PRINCE, PRESIDENT, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 
              STATE DIRECTORS OF VETERANS AFFAIRS

    Mr. Prince. Ranking Member Takano, great to see you again 
visiting LaSalle last year. Senator Tuberville and Ranking 
Members, distinguished Members of the Committees, my name is 
Terry Prince. I am a 31-year veteran of the United States Navy, 
Hospital Corpsman, and currently serving as the President of 
NASDVA, the National Association of State Directors of Veterans 
Affairs.
    That crowd in yellow you heard behind me is the 
distinguished members of 50 secretaries, directors, and 
commissioners that lead the states, territories and the 
District of Columbia veterans affairs. Collectively, these 
veteran leaders make up the membership of NASDVA, and together 
they are the second-largest provider of veteran services in our 
Nation, second only to the Federal VA. These are your 
government-to-government partners who have worked together 
since 1946, to serve veterans where they live and work. They 
should be your first point of contact for constituent issues 
and ensuring that the Nation's 18 million veterans and their 
families and survivors receive the benefits and services they 
have earned in order to improve the quality of life and their 
overall well-being.
    In our testimony, we cover a lot in our written testimony. 
A few of important items. One is our State Veterans Homes, that 
provide more than 50 percent on the total VA long-term care in 
175 operational veterans homes and 30,000 beds. We recommend 
$600 million to provide Priority Group 1 construction projects, 
where the overall costs to fund all the necessary need to build 
and maintain our veterans homes is nearly $1.3 billion.
    On a separate note, the State Veterans Homes are having to 
pay for high-cost medications for veterans in their care. This 
needs to be addressed by passing H.R. 1970, so that VA 
reimburses our State Veterans Homes that, for medications that 
exceed 8.5 percent of the per diem rate, which is what the VA 
pays to private nursing homes that are contracted by VA to 
provide health care.
    The other grant program is the National Cemetery 
Administration's Veterans Cemetery Grants Program. One hundred 
twenty-four cemeteries across 47 states. The number far exceeds 
the amount of funding. The establishment just to cover Priority 
1 and 2 for establishment and maintenance of cemeteries is in 
the neighborhood of $220 million, and NASDVA recommends 
addressing at least these groups for fiscal year 2027.
    It was mentioned earlier about VA health care, and for the 
9 million veterans receiving care, we also recommend they 
continue to emphasize enrollment, better access, and quality 
care at the VA. Regardless of gender and whether it is provided 
by the VA or Community Care programs, which accounts for nearly 
40 percent of that care and is, in all essence, is VA care.
    On to health records, we support the need for congressional 
oversight to ensure that the VA modernizes the electronic 
health record. It currently costs nearly $16 billion, with a 
projection of over $40 billion, with full deployment not 
expected until 2031.
    The American Legion mentioned TAP class. As a military 
servicemember I am very familiar with this process, and I can 
tell you that every servicemember describes it in a different 
way. What I do know, as a corpsman and married to a 
psychologist, that transition from anything in life, especially 
the military, is one of the most dangerous periods in a 
servicemember's history, especially toward suicide and other 
things. Our state directors need to be a part of the TAP 
program. They need to be brought in early and often, to ensure 
that these veterans are connected with their state benefits.
    The Major Richard Star Act, it is time. This is a wounded 
veterans tax. NASDVA strongly recommends that this Congress 
pass this critical legislation for these deserving disabled 
veterans.
    Veteran homelessness, we commend what the VA is doing. 
However, we would like them to expand eligibility to any 
veteran who is homeless, at risk of homelessness, or receiving 
assistance through another housing program.
    And I am going to close out my testimony with the number 
one issue that hits home to me and everybody in this room--
suicide. Every 11 minutes in America, a family loses a loved 
one to suicide, and NASDVA believes that the prevention of 
veteran suicides requires a whole-of-government engagement, 
with fresh ideas and approaches. Your state directors and 
Veterans Affairs play a crucial role in suicide prevention by 
connecting veterans to their earned benefits back home, where 
they live, working with their state and human services and the 
Governor's Challenge.
    We also recommend new treatment modalities to eliminate 
pharmacological intervention and other issues that do not 
allows veterans to explore non-traditional methodologies.
    Your partnership with NASDVA is as important to our 
veterans as it is to us. It is a promise kept to those who once 
stood the watch for all of us, and together we can ensure that 
their service is honored, not just in words but in action, 
through strong policy, sustainable funding, and unwavering 
commitment. All of us sincerely respect and appreciate your 
work to improve the well-being of our Nation's veterans, and we 
are honored to be a part of that noble mission with you. Thank 
you.
    [Applause.]

    [The prepared statement of Mr. Prince appears on pages 130-
148 of the Appendix.]

    Senator Tuberville. Thank you, Mr. Prince.
    Next we have General Piatt from Wounded Warrior.

   STATEMENT OF LTG WALTER E. PIATT, U.S. ARMY (RET.), CHIEF 
           EXECUTIVE OFFICER, WOUNDED WARRIOR PROJECT

    General Piatt. Chairman Moran, Chairman Bost, Ranking 
Member Blumenthal, and Ranking Member Takano, and distinguished 
Members of the House and Senate Committees on Veterans' 
Affairs, thank you all for today's hearing and for the honor to 
join you on behalf of Wounded Warrior Project and the warriors 
and families we serve.
    First, all of us at Wounded Warrior Project are deeply 
saddened by the recent loss of servicemembers, and we stand 
ready to serve all those impacted by current military 
operations.
    Twenty-three years ago, Wounded Warrior Project was founded 
on a promise, a promise to be there, no matter what, for those 
who defend our freedom. It is that same promise that grounds 
the work we do today.
    Our nation's military remains engaged globally, fighting to 
keep the world and our Nation safe. We should never allow the 
strategic purpose for war to mask the toll it takes on those 
asked to fight it.
    For the dangers our military is asked to face, we cannot 
accept the warrior simply coming back as the final tally of 
successful transition out of military service. We must see them 
fully home--mind, body, and soul. This is not captured in one 
moment in time, but through a process of hope, healing, and 
reconnection to a life of renewed purpose.
    Last week, 125 of our warriors visited many of you Members 
of Congress. They were honored to tell you their stories and 
share the living, breathing impact of why your support matters.
    We discuss three priorities with you.
    The first, a passionate plea to do right by our past, 
current, and future combat veterans by passing the Major 
Richard Star Act this year. Finally allowing for those who were 
forced to medically retire due to combat-related injuries to 
receive the benefits they earned in blood.
    Second, on ending veteran suicide. In 2023, we lost more 
than 6,000 veterans to suicide. We must explore advanced 
treatments for those who are suffering. The time is now to push 
forward evidence-based solutions, like psychedelic-assisted 
therapies for PTSD, traumatic brain injury, and substance use 
disorder. We must explore all alternative treatments, 
coordinate research, expand access to clinical trials, and 
ultimately make these treatments accessible to all veterans.
    Third, ending veteran homelessness. VA and supportive 
communities are making historic progress, with nearly 52,000 
veterans moving into permanent housing last year. Let's finish 
the Housing Unhoused Disabled Veterans Act to ensure no 
veteran's disability compensation is counted against them.
    Your time spent with these warriors last week and your 
genuine appreciation for their service touched them deeply, and 
reminded them that their sacrifice is a big reason why our 
Nation remains free. With the continued support of Congress and 
that of our grateful nation, Wounded Warrior Project will 
continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, as we 
pursue the path to save a million more lives, cure PTSD, end 
veteran suicide, and end veteran homelessness.
    Warriors are the foundation of our freedom. They have done, 
and continue to do, their part. It is now time to do ours. We 
must keep the promise and find every warrior, everywhere, and 
bring them home, mind, body, and soul.
    I am honored to be of service to this distinguished 
Committee and for the opportunity to testify. Thank you for 
helping our Nation keep the promise to our veterans, and I 
welcome your questions.
    [Applause.]

    [The prepared statement of General Piatt appears on pages 
149-187 of the Appendix.]

    Senator Tuberville. Thank you.
    Next we have Anita Sullivan from TAPS. Anita.

  STATEMENT OF ANITA SULLIVAN, SURVIVING SPOUSE OF U.S. NAVY 
PETTY OFFICER THIRD CLASS MICHAEL SULLIVAN, TRAGEDY ASSISTANCE 
                     PROGRAM FOR SURVIVORS

    Ms. Sullivan. Chairmen Moran and Bost, Ranking Members 
Blumenthal and Takano, and distinguished Committee members, 
thank you for the opportunity to share my family's story.
    Seven years ago, on February 9, 2019, I became a widow, a 
title no one pursues. My husband, the father of our three 
children, Navy Petty Officer Third Class Michael Sullivan, died 
by suicide after faithful service to our Nation and decades of 
physical and mental health battles that plagued him during and 
after his time in the Navy.
    Much has changed in the seven years since he passed, but 
one thing has not. I am, and always will be, his widow. No 
passage of time will change that, not my 55th birthday, or the 
becoming someone else's wife.
    I met Michael in 1999, while he was stationed in 
Jacksonville, Florida. He was funny and captivating, and we 
married quickly. But soon he became seriously ill. He was 
diagnosed with cyclic vomiting syndrome, which landed him in 
the hospital every six weeks, like clockwork. When he returned 
from his last deployment in June 2003, we welcomed our first 
child. His physical health had impacted his career and his 
mental health, and by that July he officially separated from 
the Navy.
    His health worsened, and over the next 16 years he was 
hospitalized approximately 35 times. I became the primary 
breadwinner while caring for our three children and becoming 
Michael's caregiver. I could not leave his side during those 
hospital stays because he wouldn't know where he was, would 
often rip out IVs, and even try to leave the hospital.
    On his good days, he coached our kids' baseball teams, 
volunteered his time to youth activities, was involved in our 
church, but on his bad days he truly suffered, and so did we.
    His suicide, in 2019, ended his physical and mental health 
battles, but it was just the beginning of new challenges for 
our grieving, traumatized family. I was at a TAP seminar when I 
learned that Michael's suicide was deemed service-connected. 
After going for Michael's 100 percent VA disability 
compensation to zero overnight when he died, we would only have 
43 percent reinstated.
    Our eigth-month process was fast by VA standards. The wait 
for DIC is financially devastating for many survivors, and the 
month-to-month stress continues for families, mine included. 
Raising DIC from 43 percent to 55 percent may seem 
insignificant to some, but for surviving spouses like me, who 
struggle to maintain a career, because it always came second to 
military service and caregiving, it makes a meaningful 
difference. Passing the Caring for Survivors Act would provide 
long overdue breathing room and ease financial pressures. 
Surviving families face drastically reduced income, the lasting 
impact of career limitations, ongoing therapy costs, and the 
full responsibility of providing opportunities for our children 
in single-parent households.
    As the only living parent of our now 11-, 16-, and 22-year-
old, CHAMPVA health benefits are critical to our family's 
stability. Under current law, my oldest son will age out of 
CHAMPVA in just a few months, despite being a full-time college 
student. Unlike most other health insurance programs, CHAMPVA 
does not extend to age 26.
    Seven years after Michael's passing, I am still his widow, 
and we are still dependent on the benefits he earned to support 
our family. After a three-year-and-counting engagement, I am 
still waiting to marry a man that I love, who will never 
replace him as a husband or father, but cares deeply for the 
four of us. My youngest child, Sophia, was just four when her 
Daddy died. She is growing up without a legal father in her 
life, which can be confusing for her and her friends, as she 
goes around and is sharing so much of her life with him. But 
knows that if Love Lives On does not pass, she will be almost 
an adult before she can officially call him her stepdad.
    John is sitting beside her today, here supporting us both 
as we advocate for benefits that were earned through service 
and sacrifice, benefits that dissolve under current law if I 
remarry before age 55. Marrying John does not mean that we 
should become his financial responsibility. He is already doing 
so much, bringing happiness back into our lives. But I will not 
become his financial burden.
    When my late husband joined the military, our country made 
a promise to support his family if anything happened to him. 
There were no restrictions attached to that commitment.
    My family's story is one of many. I hope that my voice is 
loud enough to bring attention to long-overdue legislative 
changes, like finally ending remarriage penalties, treating 
suicide as a presumptive condition, increasing DIC, and 
bringing CHAMPVA in line with civilian insurance.
    Thank you for the opportunity to share my story today.
    [Applause.]

    [The prepared statement of Ms. Sullivan appears on pages 
188-235 of the Appendix.]

    Chairman Moran. Thank you.
    Next we have General McGinn of the National Guard 
Association.

  STATEMENT OF MAJOR GENERAL FRANK MCGINN, U.S. ARMY (RET.), 
   PRESIDENT, NATIONAL GUARD ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED STATES

    General McGinn. Chairman Moran, Ranking Member Blumenthal, 
Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano, Senator Tuberville, and 
distinguished Members of the Committees, on behalf of the 
National Guard Association of the United States and the 435,000 
Soldiers and Airmen with the Army Air National Guard, thank you 
for the opportunity to discuss some important issues affecting 
today's National Guard. We appreciate your bipartisan support 
in recognition of the Guard's vital role in our national 
security.
    Over the past two decades, the National Guard has evolved 
from a strategic reserve into an operational force. Guard 
members deploy globally, strengthen alliances through the State 
Partnership Program, and provide key capabilities to the total 
force at less than 4 percent of the defense budget. At home 
they remain the Nation's first military responder, supporting 
disaster response, protecting critical infrastructure, and 
assisting civilian authorities.
    As missions have expanded, policies have not kept pace. 
Today I will focus on three priorities: duty status reform, GI 
Bill parity, and the development of a Reserve Component-
specific track within the Transition Assistance Program.
    First, duty status reform. As of this week, more than 
40,000 Guardsmen are on orders serving at home and abroad. They 
frequently operate alongside active component forces under 
identical conditions. Yet while their service is equal, 
compensation and benefits are not. The common system of over 30 
duty statuses was created piecemeal over the decades. In fact, 
six additional statuses were created between 1999 and 2013. It 
is overly complex, confusing for servicemembers, and difficult 
for states to administer.
    In the fiscal year 2016 NDAA, Congress directed the then 
Department of Defense to submit a Duty Status Reform 
legislative proposal. While studies and discussions have 
continued over the years, legislative proposals have not yet 
advanced. We are grateful to finally have some momentum this 
year, with bicameral and bipartisan support of the Duty Status 
Reform Act, this bill aligns authorities with how Guard and 
Reserves are employed today and ensures fair treatment when 
members are mobilized. The new framework would provide equities 
in pay and benefits, efficiency in programming and budgeting, 
and streamlined accessibility to the Guard and Reserve.
    Duty status reform is our top priority for fiscal year 
2027. We strongly ask for your support of H.R. 6976, and 
introduction of a Senate companion bill.
    The next point I want to discuss is GI Bill parity. The 
Post-9/11 GI Bill remains one of the most powerful recruitment 
and retention tools. It provides those who serve with access to 
education and the opportunity to build a successful future. 
However, many periods of Guard and Reserve service still do not 
qualify for GI Bill benefits. Title 32, including annual 
training and drill weekends, are left out, which falsely 
implies lesser value. Each day in uniform should count as a day 
of service to our country. The benefits earned should reflect 
that sacrifice.
    The GI Bill Parity Act corrects this inequity. We thank 
Chairman Moran, Ranking Member Blumenthal, Congressmen Takano, 
Levin, and Kelly for leading on this issue, and request swift 
passage of S. 649 and H.R. 1423.
    The third and last issue I want to address is the Reserve 
Component--Transition Assistance Program track. The Transition 
Assistance Program is critical to preparing servicemembers for 
civilian life. However, most Guard members return to their 
civilian employment and normal routine. This presents unique 
challenges not fully addressed in the traditional TAP model.
    Guardsmen receive limited counseling tailored to retirement 
points, TRICARE coverage, GI Bill benefits, and the VA claims 
process. Transition assistance without these topics is a misuse 
of time and resources. We are grateful for your support on this 
issue. The fiscal year 2025 NDAA directed development of a 
Reserve Component-specific track. Continued oversight is 
necessary to ensure that this is tailored to the Reserve and 
not simply a modified active model. We respectfully request 
updates on this implementation and stand ready to assist.
    In closing, thank you for your continued leadership and 
commitment to those who serve. These are not abstract policy 
concepts. They are tangible issues that affect readiness, 
retention, and the long-term well-being of the National Guard 
members and veterans. The National Guard stands ready to meet 
the Nation's needs, and in return our servicemembers ask only 
for fairness, clarity, and recognition of their service. We 
look forward to working with you to address these issues and 
ensure that National Guard service is treated with the equity 
and respect it deserves.
    Thank you for the opportunity to testify today, and I 
welcome your questions.

    [The prepared statement of General McGinn appears on pages 
236-243 of the Appendix.]

    Mr. Takano [presiding]. Thank you, Major General McGinn.
    Mr. Whaley, you are now recognized for 5 minutes.

STATEMENT OF JIM WHALEY, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, MISSION ROLL 
                              CALL

    Mr. Whaley. Chairmen Bost and Moran, Ranking Members Takano 
and Blumenthal, and distinguished Members of both Committees, 
thank you for the opportunity to testify today.
    Mission Roll Call represents veterans by doing one thing 
consistently: listening. We survey veterans, their families, 
and caregivers nationwide, and we bring that data directly to 
policymakers, so decisions are grounded in lived experiences.
    Our 2026 priorities come straight from those surveys. 
Veterans told us four issues should guide the work ahead: 
access to quality health care, support for service-connected 
injuries, suicide prevention, and housing stability.
    For veterans, these priorities are connected. When access 
falters, injuries worsen. When injuries go untreated, mental 
health risk increases. Without stable housing, even effective 
care becomes difficult to sustain.
    First, access to quality health care, both VA and non-VA. 
Veterans define access by timing, distance, and follow-through. 
In May 2025, Mission Roll Call surveyed more than 1,200 
respondents in all 50 states on the ACCESS Act. Sixty-seven 
percent said the legislation would improve health care outcomes 
overall. Among rural veterans, 71 percent said it would improve 
timely access. Mental health access is central to this 
discussion. Sixty percent of veterans told us they are 
comfortable receiving mental health care from a non-VA 
provider. Seventy-nine percent said allowing veterans to access 
mental health or substance use care in the community without a 
VA referral would improve access.
    Veterans are not voting against the VA. In fact, many we 
speak to report very positive experiences. But they are asking 
for options that reduce delays, shorten travel burdens, and 
help them get care before a problem becomes a crisis.
    Second, support for service-connected injuries and 
conditions, including traumatic brain injury.
    In our 2025 TBI survey of more than 2,500 veterans, family 
members, and caregivers, 14 percent reported a TBI diagnosis in 
their household. Among those seeking TBI-related care, more 
than 70 percent said accessing appropriate treatment is 
somewhat or very difficult. Distance, wait times, and 
fragmented care remain consistent barriers.
    Mild to moderate TBI is where we see the greatest gap. 
Symptoms persist, but care pathways are often unclear, and 
coordination between VA and non-VA providers remain 
inconsistent.
    This is the space the BEACON Act seeks to address. The 
legislation creates a structured, evidence-based framework to 
evaluate innovative approaches for veterans with chronic mild-
to-moderate TBI, with rigorous outcome measurement and 
independent evaluation. Veterans are not asking for lower 
standards. They are asking the VA to test promising therapies 
responsibly, publish results transparently, and expand access 
when evidence supports it.
    This urgency is reinforced by the VA's 2025 suicide report, 
which shows the suicide rate among recent VHA users with a TBI 
diagnosis was nearly 94 percent higher than among those without 
a TBI. Early intervention in TBI care is not separate from 
suicide prevention. It is part of it.
    Third, veterans tell us the current trajectory of veteran 
suicide is unacceptable. In July 2025, Mission Roll Call 
surveyed more than 2,100 veterans, family members, and 
caregivers nationwide. Sixty-seven percent of veteran 
respondents said they have struggled with suicidal thoughts or 
mental health challenges themselves, or know someone who has. 
Nearly one-third described access to mental health care as 
difficult or very difficult.
    Veterans also told us the barriers are not only clinical. 
They pointed to isolation, stigma, and loss of purpose as early 
warning signs.
    We have come to describe this as working ``Left of 
Clinical.'' Not instead of care, but before crisis. Earlier 
engagement. More on-ramps to stability. Fewer veterans reaching 
a breaking point before help arrives.
    Fourth, and lastly, housing stability. Housing is 
foundational. Without stability at home, treatment adherence, 
employment, recovery, and family life suffer. Veterans 
consistently rank housing access and homelessness prevention 
among their top priorities because instability magnifies every 
other challenge.
    Across all of our surveys, veterans are asking Congress to 
do a few consistent things: expand access where delays persist, 
strengthen community care pathways, treat TBI and chronic 
conditions as long-horizon rehabilitation challenges, invest in 
earlier suicide prevention strategies, and protect housing 
stability as a core element of veteran wellness.
    None of these priorities replace the VA. They strengthen it 
by recognizing that veteran wellness is built upstream, long 
before prescription drugs, an emergency room, or an inpatient 
bed is involved.
    Veterans are speaking clearly. We are listening. Mission 
Roll Call is here to ensure their voices remain central to the 
work of these Committees.
    Thank you. I look forward to any questions.

    [The prepared statement of Mr. Whaley appears on pages 244-
248 of the Appendix.]

    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. Whaley. I will now recognize the 
former Boys State Governor of Virginia and former Governor of 
Maine, Senator Angus King, for questions.
    Senator King. That refers to the prior hearing. Sorry about 
that.
    General Piatt, one of the provisions that I have been 
pushing is preregistering for VA health care before you leave 
active duty. It is called the Servicemember to Veteran Health 
Care Connection Act. Is this something the Wounded Warrior 
Project is interested in?
    General Piatt. Thank you, Senator. We are extremely 
interested in this. I think if we get transition early, we are 
doing a lot of work ourselves, registering members in the 
Wounded Warrior Project while on active duty. We feel if they 
are registered before they transition, the higher success rate 
we will have during transition. So we appreciate this bill. We 
fully support that.
    Senator King. I appreciate that. And my position on 
transition is very simple. The government should spend as much 
money on transition out as they do on recruiting in, because 
right now, I think transition, although it has been improved in 
the last several years, I do not think people realize what a 
dramatic moment that is in a veteran's life. And suicide rates 
are higher among people in the first two or three years.
    Mr. Whaley, I very much appreciate your comments on TBI. We 
had a tragic case in Maine, as you may know, several years ago, 
that involved TBI, and I think that is something we have to 
focus upon.
    Something I have been looking at is a bill that would have 
the VA provide free lockboxes for firearms. No lists. This is 
not a gun control bill. No names taken. But the data shows that 
if there is any gap between the idea and carrying out a 
suicide, that can help. And 75 percent of veteran suicides take 
place by firearms. Is that safe storage something that you 
could support at Mission?
    Mr. Whaley. Senator, yes, it is. I think all of us on this 
panel are concerned about the continuing rise of suicide and 
our inability to really bring those numbers down. So any effort 
to reduce those numbers is something all of our members and all 
veterans and their families can get behind.
    Senator King. Thank you. Mr. Prince, we passed a provision 
in the defense bill last year that will increase the number of 
people who are leaving the service whose contact information is 
shared with your representatives across the country, at the 
State Veterans Offices. It used to be you had to opt in in your 
paperwork. Now you have to opt out. And we expect that will 
significantly increase the people whose contact information is 
made available.
    I hope that your organization and your members are getting 
ready for what I suspect will be a very large number of 
contacts so that the purpose of this law, which is to have 
people met at the airport, to advise them of their rights and 
what options are available to them. I do not want those names 
coming to your offices and sitting in a file somewhere. I hope 
you will work with the VSOs to develop a system whereby 
veterans emerging from service, you will reach out to them, not 
wait for them to reach out to you.
    Mr. Prince. Thank you, Senator, for that very much 
appreciated comment. Our membership is receiving additional 
information. We are getting the VA to work even closer with the 
Department of War. Because the sooner we can get in, even while 
they are on active duty, as a former master chief it was my 
intention to get to sailors a year or two before they got out 
of the military and start the conversation then and connect 
them with services.
    So you can absolutely count on NASDVA to be a player in 
that and making sure that we are at the front of the line when 
it comes to getting that information into the hands of our VSOs 
and our local communities.
    Senator King. Thank you very much. Thank you to all of you 
for the work that you are doing on behalf of our veterans.
    And one final comment. It is about damn time we passed the 
Richard Star Act.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Senator King. I will now recognize 
myself for questions.
    General Piatt, what is the urgency on, and why Congress 
should pass the Major Richard Star Act, now?
    General Piatt. Because these young warriors have been asked 
to go to war to defend the freedom of this country, and in the 
course of that they were wounded, and they spilled blood in 
foreign countries. The reason we are free is because they 
serve. Most of them, sadly, are young men and women that are 
serving, not even close to retirement years. So they have to 
accept the end of the life they thought they were going to 
have, and it brings a whole different life they did not think 
was possible. And we cannot punish them for their sacrifice on 
combat fields.
    Mr. Takano. I wholeheartedly agree with you. I am very 
moved by your answer. And it needs to happen as soon as 
possible. It needs to happen this Congress, and this Congress 
and its leaders need to be held accountable for getting it 
done.
    Now, do you agree that this is also about fairness? That 
ending a wounded veteran's taxed and that Congress should not 
pay for it by reducing other earned benefits?
    General Piatt. I think veterans should get the benefits 
they earned in combat.
    Mr. Takano. And what about, we should not be asking other 
veterans to pay for it by reducing their benefits.
    General Piatt. I think all veterans deserve the benefits 
they earned in the course of their service.
    Mr. Takano. And so you would agree with me that the 
American people and this Congress, that it is part of our 
obligation to take care of the veterans, not to ask one veteran 
group to pay for another veteran group's benefits.
    General Piatt. We appreciate the service and support of 
this Committee and getting veterans their benefits they 
deserve.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you. Ms. Sullivan, there has been a lot 
of discussion over the past several months on disability 
indemnity compensation, and I read the moving testimony from 
survivors such as yourself in TAP's written statement, about 
the impact a full DIC benefits increase would have on their 
lives. Can you give us a quick snapshot of the reason why 
Congress needs to do this full increase and why it needs to 
happen, now?
    Ms. Sullivan. Yes. Thank you for the question. So our 
military and veteran survivors currently only receive 43 
percent of what 100 percent disabled veteran receives. All 
other Federal survivors currently receive that 55 percent. So 
we are asking for parity. That is simply bringing us in line 
with all other Federal programs, to bring that from 43 to 55 
percent, or an additional $454 per month.
    Our base rate currently, the actual number is $1,699.36. 
And for most of our survivors, myself included, that is the 
only surviving benefit we receive. So that increase could have 
a very large impact on our families.
    And for some of us, it is the difference in providing for 
families in ways that can include keeping their homes, being 
able to really do what is necessary to raise grieving children, 
and to do just critical care for their families. So this is 
something that ultimately we believe is fulfilling a commitment 
to saying that our sacrifice and our loved ones' service is 
just as important as other Federal benefits, Federal employees' 
sacrifice.
    Mr. Takano. I agree with you, and the wait has been long 
enough, and it is urgent we get it done now. Thank you.
    I want to now recognize Mr. McGarvey for his three minutes 
of questioning.
    Mr. McGarvey. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you all for 
your service, your continued service here today. I want to echo 
something that Senator King said earlier. Right now we have an 
Administration who is coming to us asking for billions upon 
billions of dollars to send people into war again, but are 
unwilling to find the money to take care of those who served in 
those wars prior to this. The money for the Major Richard Star 
Act, the money for widows and widowers--Ms. Sullivan, thank you 
so much for your courage and your testimony--who have 
sacrificed and served. These are benefits they have earned, 
they have deserved. We will keep fighting for them.
    I want to switch gears a little bit, Mr. Thomas, and come 
to you. Talk about your testimony. We were talking about how 
the VA does not have enough staff in the Spinal Cord Injury and 
Disorder System of Care. Many of the buildings are old but they 
are not designed for the care of our veterans that they need 
right now, and that more than a third of the jobs in these 
units are unfilled. That means that beds are staying empty even 
though veterans are waiting for them currently. It is our 
veterans who feel this neglect every single day.
    So what should our VA medical centers be doing right now to 
fill these critical spinal cord injury and disorder positions 
and keep beds open for the veterans who depend on them?
    Mr. Thomas. The VA should prioritize the hiring for the 
SCI/D System of Care as well as the other specialty care 
systems within the VA. Currently there is no other system out 
in the community that can take care of the unique needs that 
you have when you have a spinal cord injury. So they need to 
prioritize hiring that. And also they should, for the 
infrastructure, they should prioritize some of the projects 
within the SCI/D System of Care to ensure that they have the 
most modern equipment to take care of us, with our unique 
needs.
    Mr. McGarvey. Yes. I totally agree. And, of course, part of 
the reason we need to do this is it is both a legal and a moral 
promise we have made our veterans. We said if you come in and 
you serve us and you are willing to sacrifice everything for 
us, we will take care of you. And I think we are falling short 
of that with this issue.
    You also described facilities that are decades old, with 
outdated layouts, with long construction delays. Where do you 
think Congress needs to focus first to modernize spinal cord 
injury and disorder facilities so that veterans are receiving 
care in safe, accessible, and up-to-date spaces?
    Mr. Thomas. Currently there is only one long-term care 
center west of the Mississippi, and the long-term care, as we 
all age, we need to have these long-term care facilities, 
because again, in the community there is no nursing homes that 
can take care of us.
    Mr. McGarvey. Thank you. That is very helpful. Very quickly 
in my remaining time, General, I just want to talk to you. 
Thank you for highlighting the struggles of mental health that 
our veterans are still experiencing, particularly post-9/11. 
Quickly, where should we focus first if we want veterans to 
have timely access to effective mental health treatments 
through the VA, not just in the private sector?
    General Piatt. First, I would say residential 
rehabilitation treatment programs. We need more beds. We need 
more states to have them. And second, I would say pursue 
alternative medication. Do the research. Get the trials going. 
We are seeing real promise here. Warriors should not have to 
travel to other countries to get the treatment that they think 
works. They should get it here. We are the best country in the 
world for medical care. That is where I would start.
    Mr. McGarvey. Thank you so much. I agree with you on that, 
General. I appreciate you bringing it up. Mr. Chairman, I yield 
back.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. McGarvey. Now I recognize Dr. 
Morrison for questions.

                      HON. KELLY MORRISON,
               U.S. REPRESENTATIVE FROM MINNESOTA

    Ms. Morrison. Thank you, Ranking Member Takano, and thanks 
to Chairman Moran and Chairman Bost and Ranking Member 
Blumenthal for convening our hearing today. Thank you so much 
to all the witnesses for being here today and the work that you 
all do every day, advocating on behalf of fellow veterans and 
servicemembers.
    A special shout-out to any Minnesotans in the crowd today? 
Come on, you all. Are you out there? Well, I met with some of 
them earlier and it was a pleasure to see them here in 
Washington, advocating on behalf of their fellow vets.
    General Piatt, my team has been working with yours back in 
Minnesota to partner on supporting our women veterans, and we 
have been very impressed by all the work that you are doing. As 
you know, women are the fastest-growing group of veterans, and 
as an OB/GYN myself it is important to me that women veterans 
can receive top-quality menopause and infertility care.
    In your view, where can Congress act to ensure that VA is 
equipped to meet the needs of a growing women veteran 
population in 2026 and beyond?
    General Piatt. Thank you for the question and your help 
with our work there. First, I would say women veterans are 
veterans, and our country needs to recognize that. Munitions do 
not discriminate by gender. They need the same care. But their 
medical care is gender specific. We need to meet them where 
they are, allow them to choose the provider of their choice, 
allow them the care they need, where they want it. If it is at 
home, if it is via telemed, but meet their needs. Don't just 
consider their needs the same as the counterpart male veterans, 
because they are very different. And we support going forward 
with more work on the Menopause Care Equity Act. We think that 
is the right way to go. Because their core set of services, 
their medical challenges will be different later in life, and 
we need to get the research now so we can provide them the 
support they need later on in life.
    Ms. Morrison. Thank you, General. I appreciate that answer.
    Ms. Sullivan, thank you so much for being here today. I 
just want to take a moment to recognize the immense sacrifice 
you and Sophia and the rest of your family have made, and I 
just want to share my admiration for your advocacy on behalf of 
survivors everywhere. And I am excited for your future, as 
well.
    It is such an injustice to me that surviving spouses risk 
losing their benefits if they choose to remarry before age 55, 
and that is why we need to pass the Love Lives On Act. Ms. 
Sullivan, can you share a little bit more about what it would 
mean to you to eliminate the remarriage penalty for surviving 
spouses?
    Ms. Sullivan. Thank you so much for your support and the 
question. At its most basic tenet, to myself and to others here 
with us, it would mean that the government is keeping its 
promise. It would mean that it is keeping its promise to myself 
and to Michael and to our children, that if something were to 
happen to him as a result of his service that we would be taken 
care of.
    We did not expect that there would be some limitation on 
that. We did not expect that in the indemnity portion of that, 
that there would be an end to that simply because of a decision 
to not replace him--that could never happen, not as a spouse 
and not as a father--but to choose to also carry on with our 
life and our love, that that could end, and could end some 
things that are very critical to our family.
    So, it would mean that we no longer have to choose between 
doing what feels very right for myself and John or for our 
families and financial security. And in the end, it would mean 
that we would marry fairly soon after it passes and that we 
would really, truly celebrate that love does live on.
    Ms. Morrison. Thank you, Ms. Sullivan, and thanks to all of 
you for your ongoing service.
    [Applause.]
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Dr. Morrison. I would now like to 
recognize Senator Gallego.

                      HON. RUBEN GALLEGO,
                   U.S. SENATOR FROM ARIZONA

    Senator Gallego. Thank you, Chairman. And, General, I was 
rude. I walked in and you were talking a little bit about the 
veterans being penalized when it comes for their VASH vouchers 
because of a disability. Was that correct?
    General Piatt. Yes, as far as on housing and how veterans 
access it. But we support it, so they will not be disadvantaged 
by their disability compensation.
    Senator Gallego. That is great. So in the ROAD to Housing 
Act, I authored a portion of the bill, which is going to 
permanently exclude veterans' disability compensation from the 
annual income calculations under HUD-VASH programs, so that way 
veterans will not have to make this decision going forward. So 
it is in the bill. It was actually moving through the Senate. 
We just need some friends on the House side to make it.
    But just to assure you that we have thought about this. It 
is in that bill, and I have kept it in both times that it has 
gone over the side. So we are definitely looking into that, 
actually are trying to fix it. Hopefully we will have it fixed 
by next week or so. So I just want to make sure we have some 
progress on that. Obviously it is not everything we need, but 
it is definitely moving in the right direction.
    Mr. Whaley, you also mentioned the American Legion's 
support for expanding innovative therapies for veterans and the 
use of MDMA for treatment of PTSD. As you may know, I am 
working to introduce Innovative Therapies Centers of Excellence 
Act in the Senate. I want to continue to push it to get it to 
the point where it is across the finish line.
    Mr. Whaley, can you please discuss the current use of 
innovative therapies like MDMA at VA, and why centers of 
excellence are important to ensure veterans have access to 
these therapies, with proven success at reducing PTSD symptoms?
    Mr. Whaley. Right. Did you ask me that, sir, or General 
Piatt?
    Senator Gallego. Mr. Whaley. And I am sorry. I need to get 
some readers pretty soon. Whaley. I apologize.
    Mr. Whaley. Yes, no worries. No worries. We support that 
because we know right now that the number of TBIs across the 
Nation, but certainly among veterans, is much higher than we 
think. We do not have the ability right now to treat all those 
TBIs.
    The TBI issue affects not only that servicemember but their 
family, as well. We have a number of children in our country 
that are primary caregivers to veterans because their mother or 
father needs that service.
    We need to make sure that we are partnering with the very 
best in the civilian world, hospitals that are doing cutting-
edge research when it comes to TBIs.
    Senator Gallego. I do not want to interrupt to be rude, but 
I just want to make sure we communicate that. There are some 
veterans that are actually getting MDMA therapy, but it is not 
necessarily guided. Some of it is overseas. Some of them are 
paying out-of-pocket. Is that correct?
    Mr. Whaley. It is correct, and, of course, I agree with 
General Piatt that that is unfortunate and should not be 
happening in a country such as ours, and we should know that 
these issues have long-lasting effects and we need to make sure 
they get the health care when and how they need it. And we need 
to explore different ways to solve TBI or mitigate it, using a 
variety of different methods.
    Senator Gallego. And General, do you want to jump in on my 
thought. One of my concerns is that whoever gets good MDMA 
therapy now is basically connected to how much money you have, 
if you get to one of those really good programs. I know there 
are a couple programs in Mexico. There are some actually in 
Europe that some veterans that had the wherewithal or can 
bundle the money from donors are able to do.
    But then there are also some veterans, unfortunately, that 
I know personally, that are so desperate that they are using 
any type of program that they hear is good, and, of course, 
when you have desperation you have potential fraudsters, 
peddlers, and people that will try to take advantage of these 
men.
    So by having some kind of regulated, VA-approved therapies 
we could potentially be saving these guys, and saving these 
guys money, and potentially from some damage they may incur. 
Correct?
    General Piatt. Absolutely correct. We have done initial 
research on our Warrior Care Network already on MDMA use with 
already evidence-base to other therapies and seen great 
results. We are going to help with trials next year, and I 
think the more we do that in this country, it will be done 
correctly, we will be able to follow the science. The treatment 
may not be for everybody, but it is showing that it is working 
for some, and we should not send them to a different country 
where we do not know, where it is not regulated.
    But you are seeing great promise here, and we fully support 
the Centers of Excellence Act, because I think that will help 
the VA tie all that science together and promote quicker 
trials, that we can get more in. Our numbers that signed up for 
initial trials that we advertise far exceed the numbers that we 
will be able to do. There is a big appetite there for it, and I 
think the Centers of Excellence will help tremendously. Thank 
you.
    Senator Gallego. Thank you, Mr. Chair, and I really hope 
that we can push this. This is more of an issue of a cultural 
resistance, actually, using this versus an actual medical 
resistance. And with proper therapy, training, licensing, there 
are so many veterans that could actually benefit from this. I 
think people have to get over the ickiness of the idea, MDMA or 
other types of therapies.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Takano. Well, thank you, Senator. I am aware that there 
were some trials done in Loma Linda, which is near me. I have 
not checked into where VA is on it recently. I will have to 
say, also, regarding this whole area of TBI and traumatic brain 
injury and PTSD, I was with some neurologists recently. I am 
concerned about the State of VA research, the number of 
research positions that have been left vacant. That is a topic 
I want to explore further, because it also bears on the 
research capacity of VA to be able to move this forward. But 
thank you. I share your concerns.
    Senator Gallego. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    Mr. Takano. I now recognize myself for some more questions 
before we conclude. General McGinn, I saw your testimony on 
duty status reform, and I will be following the Armed Services 
Committee's progress closely, as that greatly impacts VA 
benefits for our Reserve Component servicemembers.
    I would like to focus on one benefit specifically, and that 
is the Post-9/11 GI Bill eligibility. National Guard and 
Reservist servicemembers are serving in the same uniform, 
taking the same risks as their active-duty counterparts, yet 
not getting the same GI Bill eligibility. Three out of the four 
Chairs and Ranking Members on the Veterans' Affairs Committee 
are lead sponsors or co-sponsors of the Guard and Reserve GI 
Bill Parity Act, which would fix this inequity.
    As we are watching our country enter another overseas 
conflict, how imperative is it that Congress get this bill 
done?
    General McGinn. Yes, thank you for the question. It is 
imperative. We have been working this issue for years and 
years, and Congress has been great. The GI Bill really 
initiated years ago from Congress. But again, it is an 
inequity. If you are flying a UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter 
during your weekend drill or your two weeks of annual training, 
how is that different service than flying it off an active-duty 
base? It is the same service, it is the same risk, and we think 
a day in uniform, regardless of what your status is, should be 
a day that counts toward Post-9/11 GI Bill, and early 
retirement, as well, early retirement credit.
    So we think it is imperative that this finally gets passed. 
And we appreciate what Congress has done thus far, but we think 
it is time to take it to that next level. And if they are 
serving in whatever status they are in, other than stay at 
active duty, that time should count.
    Mr. Takano. Well, Major General, here is my point. As 
National Guard and Reserve servicemembers are on the front 
lines and under threat right now, that is what I am hearing. So 
that is my point, that there is an urgency now to deal with 
this inequity, because we have Guard and Reserve right now. It 
is not the Guard and Reserve that we knew back in the Vietnam 
War days, right. Sometimes they have been called up for service 
and deployed many, many times. It is not a safe haven. And I 
think Americans understand that, and we need to make sure we 
update how we administer the GI Bill accordingly. Would you 
agree with that?
    General McGinn. I completely agree. I enlisted in 1981 and 
I had a front row seat of the transition of the Guard and 
Reserves from the 1-weekend a month and the 2-weeks in the 
summer, to where we are today. We have got, as you know, 
Guardsmen and women that have done multiple deployments. They 
are coming on and off active duty a lot. And that is why the 
whole TAP issue is a concern, too.
    My colleague here with me today has been through the TAP 
process, I think, four times, and she just comes off active 
duty, comes back to her regular job. But she has to do 12 hours 
of this mandatory transition training. And I just got an email 
from Djibouti, somewhere in AFRICOM, from a servicemember over 
there, having to put his whole unit, brigade-sized unit, 
through the TAP program. And none of it is really relevant to 
what they are going to experience when they come back off 
active duty.
    So we really have got to get these benefits right, rightly 
aligned, and to your point, this is the time to do it. As I 
mentioned, 40,000 of us are deployed today, somewhere, either 
in the homeland or overseas. So it is time to make equities in 
those benefits.
    Mr. Takano. Well, I hope you and the other VSOs and 
veterans themselves will hold the Chairs', Ranking Members' 
leadership accountable to getting this legislation passed and 
signed into law without delay. And, of course, we wish Godspeed 
to all of our servicemembers abroad.
    Commander Shipley, this will be my final question for the 
day and we will bring this to a close. Your written testimony 
highlighted the need to equality the disability indemnity 
compensation rate with that of other Federal survivor programs, 
taking it from the current 43 percent to 55 percent, a monthly 
increase of $450. I am a co-sponsor of Representative Hayes's 
bill, the Caring for Survivors Act, which would do just that. 
We have even offered it as an amendment to a bill last month 
that would only increase the DIC rate by $24. Unfortunately, 
our majority rejected the full increase.
    From my direct interactions with my constituents and 
nationwide polling, I believe that the American people are 
willing to pay for the full increase and are willing to do it 
without taxing other veterans to do so. In other words, without 
creating a pay-for that we diminish the benefits of other 
veterans. I am strongly opposed to doing that.
    Do you think that the American people are willing to pay 
for, or would ask their Members of Congress to pay for the full 
DIC increase and live up to the promises made to our 
servicemembers and veterans?
    Mr. Shipley. Thank you for this question. I absolutely 
believe that the American public would support this. It is 
bringing the fairness of the promise that is made to the 
servicemembers to take care of our families, no matter what, 
especially those that have made the ultimate sacrifice for this 
Nation.
    Mr. Takano. I agree with you. I agree with you 100 percent, 
and I think we ought to apply that in this policy space, that 
we, in order to make sure that we resolve the inequities--and 
here we are talking about the survivors of veterans being paid 
less for their survivor benefits than those that are survivors 
of Federal employees. And that gap simply does not make sense 
when you kind of explain it to the American people. It is kind 
of complicated, this percent versus this percent.
    Mr. Takano. But we need to take care of that inequity, and 
I believe that we need to do it without asking other veterans, 
who will, in many cases, say we want to help other veterans. 
But here is my point about that. We should not be asking 
veterans to do it. We, as Members of Congress, should take it 
upon ourselves to make sure that we find a way to take care of 
these inequities in veterans' benefits.
    And with that I will just say, before we gavel out of this 
hearing today, I want to thank our second panel for everything, 
our second group of panelists, for everything that you do each 
and every day to support not only the members of your 
individual organizations but all veterans and their families. 
Your work and your advocacy does matter, and we thank you for 
that advocacy.
    And with that this hearing is adjourned.
    [Applause.]
    [Whereupon, at 12:29 p.m., the hearing was adjourned.]

                            A P P E N D I X

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