[Senate Hearing 119-310]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                        S. Hrg. 119-310

                HEARING ON THE NOMINATIONS OF SEAN 
               MCMASTER TO BE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE 
               FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, JOHN 
               BUSTERUD TO BE ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
               FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE OF THE 
               ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, AND 
               ADAM TELLE TO BE ASSISTANT SECRETARY 
               OF THE ARMY FOR CIVIL WORKS
=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                              COMMITTEE ON
                      ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                               __________

                              MAY 14, 2025

                               __________

  Printed for the use of the Committee on Environment and Public Works
  
  [GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


        Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov
          
                                __________
                                
                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
62-951                    WASHINGTON : 2026
=======================================================================
        
               COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

             SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia, Chairman
            SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, Rhode Island, Ranking Member

KEVIN CRAMER, North Dakota           BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont
CYNTHIA M. LUMMIS, Wyoming           JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon
JOHN R. CURTIS, Utah                 EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts
LINDSEY O. GRAHAM, South Carolina    MARK KELLY, Arizona
DAN SULLIVAN, Alaska                 ALEX PADILLA, California
PETE RICKETTS, Nebraska              ADAM B. SCHIFF, California
ROGER F. WICKER, Mississippi         LISA BLUNT ROCHESTER, Delaware
JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas               ANGELA D. ALSOBROOKS, Maryland
JON HUSTED, Ohio

               Adam Tomlinson, Republican Staff Director
                  Dan Dudis, Democratic Staff Director
                            
                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              
                                                                   Page

                              MAY 14, 2025
                           OPENING STATEMENTS

Capito, Hon. Shelley Moore, U.S. Senator from the State of West 
  Virginia.......................................................     1
Whitehouse, Hon. Sheldon, U.S. Senator from the State of Rhode 
  Island.........................................................     3

                               WITNESSES

Hon. Hagerty, Bill, U.S. Senator, State of Tennessee.............     4
Telle, Adam, Nominee to be Assistant Secretary of the Army for 
  Civil Works....................................................     6
    Prepared statement...........................................     9
    Responses to additional questions from:
        Senator Sullivan.........................................    16
        Senator Ricketts.........................................    18
        Senator Whitehouse.......................................    19
        Senator Padilla..........................................    23
        Senator Alsobrooks.......................................    25
McMaster, Sean, Nominee to be Administrator of the Federal 
  Highway Administration.........................................    26
    Prepared statement...........................................    28
    Responses to additional questions from:
        Senator Sullivan.........................................    30
        Senator Whitehouse.......................................    30
        Senator Markey...........................................    31
        Senator Padilla..........................................    32
        Senator Alsobrooks.......................................    33
Busterud, John, Nominee to be Assistant Administrator for the 
  Office of Solid Waste of theEnvironmental Protection Agency....    35
    Prepared statement...........................................    37
    Responses to additional questions from:
        Senator Sullivan.........................................    40
        Senator Padilla..........................................    41
        Senator Alsobrooks.......................................    41

                          ADDITIONAL MATERIAL

Letter to U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works, 
  Statement for the Record of support for Adam Telle from Senator 
  Britt..........................................................    66
Letter in Support for Adam Telle to Senator Capito and Senator 
  Whitehouse from Associated General Contractors of America......    78
Letter in support for Sean McMaster to Senator Capito and Senator 
  Whitehouse from:
    American Trucking Associations...............................    67
    Association of Equipment Manufacturers.......................    68
    American Association of State Highway and Transportation 
      Officials..................................................    69
    American Cement Association..................................    71
    American Council of Engineering Companies....................    72
    Associated General Contractors of America....................    73
    American Road & Transportation Builders Association..........    74
    National Association of County Engineers.....................    75
    National Stone, Sand, & Gravel Association...................    76
    Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association...............    77

 
HEARING ON THE NOMINATIONS OF SEAN MCMASTER TO BE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE 
     FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, JOHN BUSTERUD TO BE ASSISTANT 
   ADMINISTRATOR FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL 
PROTECTION AGENCY, AND ADAM TELLE TO BE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE ARMY 
                            FOR CIVIL WORKS

                              ----------                              


                        WEDNESDAY, MAY 14, 2025

                                       U.S. Senate,
                 Committee on Environment and Public Works,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:30 a.m. in 
room 562, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Shelley Moore 
Capito (chairman of the committee) presiding.
    Present: Senators Capito, Whitehouse, Cramer, Lummis, 
Sullivan, Ricketts, Wicker, Boozman, Husted, Markey, Kelly, 
Padilla, Blunt Rochester, Alsobrooks.

        OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, 
          U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA

    Senator Capito. Everybody is bright and right on time, so I 
will call this hearing to order.
    This morning, we will hear from three of President Trump's 
important nominees. I want to first welcome Mr. Sean McMaster, 
President Trump's nominee to serve as Administrator of the 
Federal Highway Administration or better known as FHWA. FHWA is 
an operating administration within the U.S. Department of 
Transportation, responsible for providing technical support, we 
lean on them a lot, and funding to States and local entities.
    The funding provided by FHWA is critical to facilitating 
the design and construction of improvements to our surface 
transportation network. These improvements enable the safe and 
reliable movement of people and goods, which enhances our 
quality of life and supports economic growth.
    Mr. McMaster's relevant professional experience makes him 
well qualified to serve as Administrator. He brings more than 
10 years of government service, working in the U.S. House of 
Representatives and at Federal agencies, including the U.S. 
Department of Transportation.
    Since mid-2020, Mr. McMaster has worked for two private 
sector transportation companies. First, he served as a National 
Practice Consultant and Vice President at Transportation 
Infrastructure Design Firm, HNTB, and most recently, he served 
as the Vice President for Commercial Aviation and 
Transportation at The Boeing Company.
    One challenge that the FHWA Administrator must quickly 
tackle is the significant backlog of announced grants that do 
not have signed grant agreements in place. This inherited 
workload will require diligence and collaboration to resolve. I 
am hopeful that if Mr. McMaster is confirmed, his experience 
and leadership at FHWA will accelerate that process.
    This Committee also looks forward to working with FHWA and 
others on the long-term, bipartisan surface transportation 
reauthorization bill.
    Next, I want to welcome Mr. John Busterud, President 
Trump's nominee to lead the EPA's Office of Land and Emergency 
Management, better known as OLEM. Mr. Busterud's exceptional 
experience has prepared him to lead OLEM and tackle some of our 
Nation's most pressing environmental challenges.
    Following a 31-year environmental legal career, he served 
as Regional Administrator of the EPA's Pacific Southwest 
Region. Mr. Busterud also served our Country with distinction 
as an officer in the U.S. Army, deploying many times, and 
retiring as a decorated Colonel after 23 years of service.
    OLEM's statutory responsibilities place it at the center of 
EPA's core mission: protecting our air, land, and water. If 
confirmed, Mr. Busterud will oversee programs that directly 
impact Americans' health and the environment, such as 
remediating PFAS contamination, cleaning up Superfund sites, 
and revitalizing brownfields.
    Addressing PFAS contamination, which affects communities in 
my State of West Virginia and across this Country, is a 
priority of mine. The EPA recently announced an agency-wide 
PFAS strategy and OLEM will play a major role in ensuring its 
success.
    OLEM is also responsible for cleaning up Superfund sites, 
which are some of the Nation's most contaminated sites. This 
Committee recently heard about the challenges with cleaning up 
Superfund sites and there is bipartisan support to improve the 
program's efficiency. I look forward to working with Mr. 
Busterud to implement key reforms to ensure faster and more 
cost-effective Superfund cleanups.
    Finally, I want to welcome Mr. Adam Telle, President 
Trump's nominee to be the Assistant Secretary of the Army for 
Civil Works. Mr. Telle is well suited to lead the Army Corps of 
Engineers' Civil Works program based on his two decades of 
public service in the U.S. Senate, including as my clerk for 
the Homeland Security Subcommittee and as a Special Assistant 
to the President in the first Trump Administration.
    Mr. Telle has seen first-hand how the Army Corps' response 
to natural disasters can help communities withstand significant 
weather events and then recover from them.
    The Army Corps does critical work across the Nation through 
its navigation, flood risk management, and ecosystem 
restoration missions. This work protects the lives and 
livelihoods of millions of Americans and facilitates commerce 
throughout our Country and internationally.
    If confirmed, Mr. Telle will also play an integral role in 
implementing biennial water resources development legislation, 
better known to all of us on committee as Water Resources 
Development Act, WRDA. WRDA authorizes numerous feasibility 
studies and projects, and directs the Army Corps to carry out 
various activities to address our Nation's water resources 
needs.
    I look forward to working with Mr. Telle to ensure the 
timely implementation of these laws consistent with 
congressional intent.
    I look forward to hearing from all the nominees this 
morning about their experiences and the issues that they will 
prioritize if confirmed to lead these agencies.
    With that, I recognize Ranking Member Whitehouse for his 
opening statement.

         OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. SHELDON WHITEHOUSE, 
          U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND

    Senator Whitehouse. Thank you, Chair Capito. We are here 
today to entertain nominations for top posts at the Federal 
Highway Administration, the Army Corps of Engineers and the EPA 
Office that administers the Brownfields and Superfund programs. 
Those responsibilities are particularly relevant to three major 
pieces of committee legislation that I hope we can pass this 
Congress: WRDA reauthorization, Surface Transportation 
reauthorization, and comprehensive permitting reform.
    I believe Chair Capito and I can continue the good 
bipartisan work this committee is known for in areas for which 
these three nominees will have direct executive responsibility.
    Here is the rub. None of these bipartisan bills will matter 
if Congress' Article I authorization and appropriation power is 
not respected. This administration has repeatedly, unlawfully 
disrespected congressionally authorized and appropriated 
spending. I am happy to see that DOT appears to be making 
progress obligating money to previously awarded discretionary 
grants. I thank the Chair for her diligent pursuit of that 
progress as well.
    However, the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure 
Program remains paused and stuck in limbo. At the Army Corps, 
erratic, inconsistent and opaque administration of its Clean 
Water Act permitting program creates uncertainty for the 
regulated community at large, and for renewable energy project 
developers in particular, undermining core principles of 
fairness and neutrality in the Corps' permitting program.
    I have called to restore integrity and transparency to the 
Corps' permitting program and to evaluate each permit action on 
its own merits in accordance with law and regulation, with no 
response. EPA, where even to begin? Administrator Zeldin 
continues his assault on clean air and clean water despite his 
promises to us in this committee to protect air and water.
    His list of congressionally authorized and appropriated 
funding that EPA insists on continuing to hold hostage is too 
long to list here today. Obviously, the biggest target is the 
Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund, where Administrator Zeldin and 
his enablers at DOJ continue to set themselves up for legal and 
professional liability in the way they conduct their assault on 
that program.
    I have told my team to start work on common sense 
bipartisan legislation in all three areas. The gateway to 
success to ultimately passing those bills is confidence that 
this administration will faithfully execute the laws we pass 
and clear the projects we have already approved, appropriated, 
and obligated. It will not work in permitting reform, for 
instance, to exclude wind and solar from the very definition of 
the word energy, violating not just the law but the dictionary.
    I should add in closing that we are also now faced with an 
effort to use the congressional Review Act to disapprove three 
Clean Air Act waivers granted by EPA to the State of California 
that have existed for many years, even though the 
Parliamentarian has already ruled that these waivers are not 
rules, as required for the Community Reinvestment Act, CRA. A 
decision to overrule her on this matter to deploy the nuclear 
option will have real consequences.
    The misuse of the CRA to undo long ago past policies adding 
to the nuclear option of overruling the Parliamentarian opens 
up an immense can of worms, and the Senate floor will not be 
the same if this is where we go. Overruling the Parliamentarian 
is tantamount to eliminating the filibuster, said Leader Thune 
himself in January.
    There are many avenues for the minority to respond to such 
a disruption of Senate tradition. Simply count how often the 
presiding officer says ``without objection'' on any given day 
to understand what the response could be to such a disruption. 
If this is the path Republicans want to go down, go down it at 
least with eyes wide open.
    Also, on the merits, know that climate change is not a 
hoax, that its damage has already begun in homeowners' 
insurance markets around the Country, that the insurance to 
mortgage, to property values collapse can not be stopped by 
rhetoric, and that the sand is fast running through the 
hourglass to head off that economic calamity.
    Thank you, Chairman.
    Senator Capito. Thank you, Senator Whitehouse.
    We will now turn to introductions for the nominees. This 
morning we are joined by our friend from Tennessee, Senator 
Hagerty. Thank you for being here, and please proceed with your 
introductory remarks.
    Senator Hagerty. Thank you, Chairman Capito, and thank you, 
Ranking Member Whitehouse, for holding today's hearing.
    It is my distinct honor to introduce my good friend and my 
chief of staff, Adam Telle, who is President Trump's nominee 
for Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works. Before I 
introduce Adam, I would like to actually address all the staff 
that sit behind you. I want you to look at Adam, somebody who 
has been here serving as you do in the U.S. Senate for the past 
20 years.
    He has made a real impact working here in the Senate, as I 
am sure all of you do, working night and day and over the 
weekends, as I am sure all of you do as well. Now he is going 
to take that knowledge, that expertise, that experience, and 
move on to do even greater things.
    I hope you take Adam's nomination today as a great 
inspiration for what you yourself might do. I will encourage 
you in that regard.
    I also would take the privilege of suggesting that Senator 
Capito probably shares the same sort of pride that I do in 
seeing Adam's progress. Adam worked for you, you helped train 
him to become the person that he is today.
    As you all know, the Assistant Secretary of the Army for 
Civil Works provides leadership that is essential for the 
Department of Defense and for our Nation, especially the 
American citizens and American businesses who depend on the 
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Corps is tasked to maintain 
13,000 miles of coastal navigation channels, 12,000 miles of 
inland waterways, over 1,000 harbors, 745 dams, just to name a 
few of the Corps' responsibilities.
    As a native of Northport, Alabama, who graduated with 
honors in computer science and communication from Mississippi 
State University's Bagley College of Engineering, Adam has 
lived in places where the mission of the Army Corps is at the 
forefront of public life. Adam can directly relate to the 
people who depend on the Corps, and he knows first-hand why the 
work of the Corps matters.
    Adam has also served in the U.S. Government faithfully and 
with distinction for the past two decades. After beginning his 
Senate career in the office of Senator Richard Shelby of 
Alabama in 2005, Adam spent 10 years in the office of the late 
Senator Thad Cochran of Mississippi, earning the roles of 
Deputy Chief of Staff, and Legislative Director. Adam then 
served as the lead staffer on the Homeland Security 
Subcommittee of the Senate Appropriations Committee, serving 
under the chairmanship of Senators Thad Cochran, Richard 
Shelby, John Boozman, and of course, our chairman, Shelley 
Moore Capito.
    In this role, Adam was the point person in the Senate for 
the U.S. Government's activities involving nearly 20 agencies, 
260,000 personnel, and an annual budget of approximately $70 
billion. During President Trump's first term, Adam led the 
Senate team at the White House's Office of Legislative Affairs 
where he managed national security and appropriations matters.
    He played critical roles in the negotiations for the 
historic Abraham accords, and the creation of the U.S. Space 
Force, which is the first new branch of the U.S. military 
created and authorized in more than 70 years.
    Over the last 4 years I have had the privilege of watching 
Adam in action on a daily basis, particularly as my chief of 
staff. Adam's leadership is evident not just in his strategic 
vision and passion for our Nation, but also in the ways in 
which he is trusted by staff and by other colleagues. The 
kindness, the mentoring and the heart that he demonstrates with 
his teams will make him an inspirational leader of this 
critical organization.
    Adam is just the leader that our Nation needs in the 
Pentagon right now. I urge the committee to move quickly in 
consideration of Adam Telle's nomination so he can assume the 
leadership in this important work as soon as possible.
    I want to thank all of you for your time this morning.
    Senator Capito. Thank you very much. That was a wonderful 
introduction.
    I will now ask the nominees to move up to the witness table 
when Senator Hagerty clears. You can remain standing for a 
minute.
    Before we move to opening statements, I would like to 
administer the oath for the sworn testimony. If you would 
please stand and raise your right hand and answer the following 
question. Do you swear the testimony you are about to give to 
this committee is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but 
the truth, so help you God? We will start with you, Adam.
    Mr. Telle. Yes, I do.
    Mr. McMaster. Yes.
    Mr. Busterud. Yes.
    Senator Capito. Thank you. Let the record show that the 
witnesses have answered in the affirmative. We will now proceed 
to our opening statements, and thank you, gentlemen, for being 
here.
    Mr. Telle, you can begin.

 STATEMENT OF ADAM TELLE, NOMINEE TO BE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF 
                    THE ARMY FOR CIVIL WORKS

    Mr. Telle. Thank you Chairman Capito, Ranking Member 
Whitehouse, members of the Committee, and the staff of the 
Environment and Public Works Committee. It is an honor to have 
been nominated by President Trump to serve as the 14th 
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works.
    I want to begin by thanking President Trump, whom I was 
honored to serve during his first administration. In addition, 
I would like to thank Secretary Hegseth, Secretary Driscoll, my 
family, my wife Shelby, my two beautiful children, who are here 
in the back, my mother Rita and my father Whitney.
    I would also like to thank the U.S. Senators, with whom I 
have worked the closest over the last 20 years: Chairman 
Capito, Senator Wicker, Senator Boozman, Senator Richard 
Shelby, Senator Thad Cochran, and finally, Senator Bill 
Hagerty, whom I have had the privilege to serve over the last 4 
years since he came to the Senate.
    Senator Hagerty, you have given me such incredible 
perspective during our time together, and I am so fortunate to 
have had a front row seat as you brought that same fresh 
perspective to the Senate. Thank you.
    In 1802, as President Thomas Jefferson was contemplating 
how to expand our Nation westward, he keenly understood that 
our waterways would be the key. To harness the power of these 
waterways, he turned to the U.S. Military Academy at West 
Point, which was producing America's best engineers. We would 
no longer rely on European engineers. The original navigation 
mission of the Army Corps of Engineers was born.
    The America we know today, from sea to shining sea, is a 
result of the work of the Corps. Over time, Congress has given 
the Corps additional missions, primarily flood control and the 
preservation of natural resources. These missions are also 
important to our current President.
    Some of my earliest memories as a young child are of riding 
with my father, him pointing out the window as we were crossing 
some of our waterways: the Black Warrior River, the Tennessee-
Tombigbee Waterway, the Mississippi River. He was always 
teaching, and he would turn my attention to the little tug 
boats pushing the big barges, brimming with natural resources, 
opening access from the small communities in our neck of the 
woods to the rest of the Country and to the world.
    Twenty years later I moved to Washington because I believed 
that I could make a difference, helping to represent the views 
and interests of the Americans I grew up with, who often felt 
ignored or forgotten by important people in Washington.
    On August 29th, 2005, exactly 1 month into my time working 
in the Senate, Hurricane Katrina made landfall. This was the 
most costly natural disaster in American history. I stayed up 
all night that night, I could not go to sleep, watching Katrina 
come ashore. A 28-foot storm surge, 1,800 American lives lost, 
and hundreds of billions of dollars in damage.
    Pretty soon, Senator Thad Cochran asked me to run point on 
Mississippi's recovery from Hurricane Katrina. My years of 
experience securing resources and untangling bureaucratic 
messes in the wake of Katrina prepared me for my role as the 
top Homeland Security staffer on the Senate Appropriations 
Committee, where I was also given the top role, working for 
Chairman Capito and Boozman, and advising all Senate 
Republicans on disaster recovery and response.
    These formative experiences as a child and as a young 
professional are emblematic of why my personal background and 
passion match the depth and the breadth of the missions of the 
Corps of Engineers civil works' mission: enabling commerce, 
mitigating floods, responding to disasters, and most recently 
removing debris in the wake of Hurricane Helene, and in 
response to the Los Angeles wildfires.'
    Few government agencies' missions capture the interests of 
American citizens, landowners, communities, States, job 
creators and their representatives here in Washington quite 
like this one. These are real missions, with real outcomes, and 
they matter deeply to Americans in places that are very far 
away from Washington decision maker.
    If confirmed, I intend to aggressively tackle the critical 
issues that confront the Corps. As it relates to permitting, we 
are at a moment in history where all Americans of all 
viewpoints crave certainty from their government about whether 
or not the rules apply to them. We must act with haste, 
transparency, and clarity to give them regulatory certainty 
without delay.
    As I mentioned, navigation was the original mission of the 
Corps. Today, maintenance and construction of our coastal ports 
and inland waterways will help define how competitive we are 
and how resilient we are in the 21st Century.
    With regard to flood control, we must work together to 
maintain the investments that you have made and complete new 
projects as soon as humanly possible to mitigate floods before 
they happen and to fight them when we must.
    When it comes to coordination, issues related to water are 
spread across Federal entities and authorities, perhaps like no 
other. Getting it right for the American public will require an 
outsized focus on coordination among the dozens of entities 
across the government that deal with water. If confirmed, I 
will devote significant attention to collaboration and 
coordination across these partner agencies.
    I am honored to be before you. If I have the honor of being 
confirmed by the Senate, I commit to be responsive to our 
Nation's politically accountable leaders, the President, the 
members of this committee, the members of the Senate, and the 
members of the House of Representatives.
    Thank you, Chairman Capito, Ranking Member Whitehouse, and 
members of the Committee. I look forward to your questions.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Telle follows:]
    [GRAPHICS NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] 
    
    Senator Capito. Thank you.
    Before I go to Mr. McMaster, could your family stand up so 
we can see them? I know your kids are little. Are they back 
there?
    Mr. Telle. They are currently in the hall, I am told.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Capito. They are in the hall. You have them really 
well trained.
    Okay, our next nominee is Mr. Sean McMaster. Mr. McMaster 
is President Trump's nominee to lead a critical agency, the 
Federal Highway Administration. Welcome, Mr. McMaster.


   STATEMENT OF SEAN MCMASTER, NOMINEE TO BE ADMINISTRATOR, 
      FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF 
                         TRANSPORTATION

    Mr. McMaster. Thank you. Chairman Capito, Ranking Member 
Whitehouse, and members of the Committee, thank you for the 
opportunity to appear before you today as you consider my 
nomination for FHWA.
    I am grateful to President Trump and Secretary Duffy for 
the opportunity to serve in this position. If confirmed, I look 
forward to working with you to achieve the President's and the 
Secretary's vision of building big, beautiful American 
infrastructure.
    With me today is my amazing wife Brittany and two of my 
three children, Grady and Emerson. I would also like to mention 
my oldest son Connor who could not be here today. He is a newly 
minted Lance Corporal in the United States Marine Corps serving 
our Country as an air traffic controller in California.
    Without their tireless support and understanding the 
commitment required to serve in the Federal Government would 
not be possible.
    We must work to build and restore the beautiful roads, 
bridges, and tunnels across the Nation. The Federal High Way 
Administration's 2024 National Bridge Inventory data shows that 
more than 83,000 out of 147,000 bridges on the National Highway 
System are in fair or poor condition. While we have made 
progress advancing these priorities, the current State of our 
critical infrastructure must further be improved.
    If I am confirmed, I will work tirelessly to support the 
Secretary's efforts to manage this challenge. This work, and 
all work under my leadership, if confirmed, will be guided by 
my top priority, and the top priority of the Department, 
safety.
    As the transportation industry is painfully aware, delays 
in project delivery can delay safety enhancements and drive up 
project costs. Data from FHWA's National Highway Construction 
Cost Index shows that transportation construction costs have 
increased by 67 percent over the last 3 years reported, from 
2021 to 2024.
    I saw first-hand these impacts to cost, schedule and 
delivery of essential infrastructure projects during my time at 
HNTB working directly with State and local leaders as they were 
challenged to identify and attain Federal funding in time to 
support their critical transportation infrastructure needs.
    It is essential that we build projects more quickly and 
efficiently. We must further streamline project delivery, 
including the permitting process.
    If confirmed, I look forward to working with the Secretary 
and Congress on ways to improve efficiency and reduce costs so 
more of the funds being invested in our infrastructure will go 
to building the infrastructure.
    I know from experience that this is achievable. While I 
served at the Department of Transportation during the first 
Trump Administration, the I-85 bridge in Atlanta reopened less 
than 7 weeks after a fire caused its devastating collapse in 
March 2017.
    Thanks to Emergency Relief funds from FHWA, the bridge was 
quickly rebuilt using innovative components and state-of-the-
art concrete. Significantly, the bridge reopened ahead of 
schedule--demonstrating that time and cost savings are 
attainable.
    This is an important moment for FHWA. In addition to its 
ongoing work, FHWA must also look forward as the current 
surface transportation authorization, the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act, is set to expire at the end of 
September 2026.
    Surface reauthorization is vital for maintaining and 
enhancing the safety of our Nation's roads, bridges and 
tunnels. It provides U.S. transportation infrastructure with 
policy direction and consistent multi-year funding.
    While I served as Deputy Chief of Staff at the Department, 
I was fortunate to lead the development of its surface 
reauthorization proposal that included FHWA. Through this work, 
I met with key stakeholders to understand the needs and impacts 
of the reauthorization on our States and local communities.
    This Committee has already started its critical work on 
surface transportation reauthorization, and Secretary Duffy 
appeared before this Committee last month to discuss these 
efforts. If confirmed, I look forward to working with the 
Secretary and Congress throughout the reauthorization process 
so that we can realize a golden age of transportation.
    As the Administration and Congress embark on this 
transformation through the accelerated deployment of critical 
projects, further reductions in red tape, common-sense 
solutions for infrastructure needs, and reauthorization 
legislation, it is critically important that we fully 
understand the unique challenges affecting States throughout 
the Country.
    Through meetings with State and local transportation 
leaders during my time at the Department and at HNTB, it is 
clear that states have a unique understanding of their specific 
needs. FHWA maintains strong partnerships with States 
nationwide. If confirmed, I will continue to support those 
critical partnerships and work to ensure that States receive 
consistent guidance and support from FHWA.
    Thank you for your consideration. I would be happy to 
answer any questions.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. McMaster follows:]
    [GRAPHICS NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Senator Capito. Thank you, Mr. McMaster.
    Our final nominee this morning is Mr. John Busterud. Mr. 
Busterud is President Trump's nominee to lead the EPA's Office 
of Land and Emergency Management. If confirmed, Mr. Busterud 
will oversee vital programs like the Superfund and Brownfields 
to ensure efficient and effective management of our Nation's 
land and waste issues.
    Welcome.

    STATEMENT OF JOHN W. BUSTERUD, NOMINEE TO BE ASSISTANT 
      ADMINISTRATOR FOR THE OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE OF THE 
                ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

    Mr. Busterud. Thank you, Chairman Capito, Ranking Member 
Whitehouse, and all the distinguished members of this 
Committee. It has been a privilege to meet with you and your 
staff to learn about the issues of highest concern to you. I 
intend to work with all of you to ensure that we protect human 
health and the environment for all Americans.
    I humbly appear before you nominated to serve as EPA's 
Assistant Administrator for the Office of Land and Emergency 
Management. I am grateful to President Trump and Administrator 
Zeldin for giving me the opportunity to lead the men and women 
of OLEM.
    If confirmed, I look forward to working with our dedicated 
career staff, States, communities, and stakeholders to ensure 
OLEM fulfills its core statutory mission to clean up historic 
sites, prevent releases, and respond with urgency and 
compassion when emergencies arise. In this way, OLEM provides 
an essential connection between environmental protection and 
economic prosperity, a linchpin of this Administration.
    This morning, I am accompanied by my wife Gretchen, herself 
a retired EPA attorney and a great source of inspiration and 
support. Our grown children, Becky and Tommy, are here in 
spirit.
    I come to you with a background of commitment to public 
service and environmental protection. Growing up in northern 
California, I was profoundly influenced by my father, also John 
Busterud, who served in the California Legislature and later as 
Chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality under 
President Ford. Environmental issues were often front and 
center at the dinner table and took precedence over partisan 
politics, at least as far as I can remember.
    After law school I chose to practice environmental law, 
representing businesses who saw environmental compliance and 
leadership as essential business functions, valuable to their 
customers, employees, and shareholders. In that role, I worked 
with State and Federal regulatory agencies, advocacy 
organizations, communities, and our State legislature to 
support policies that sought to balance environmental 
protection with a sustainable business climate in California.
    After retiring from corporate practice, I served on the 
board of the California Council for Environmental and Economic 
Balance, a public policy organization with members from Fortune 
500 companies and labor unions. CCEEB works to find common-
sense, bi-partisan solutions to emerging environmental issues.
    I was also privileged to serve our Country as an officer in 
the Army Reserve, deploying to Iraq in support of Operation 
Iraqi Freedom and Djibouti in support of Operation Enduring 
Freedom, and retiring as a Colonel in 2014.
    In Baghdad, I had the unique opportunity to advise the 
Iraqi Minister of Environment as she developed Iraq's first 
environmental regulatory programs. This service not only 
provided some of the most fulfilling experiences of my life, 
but taught me that the rule of law is central to peace, 
prosperity, and environmental protection.
    In the first Trump Administration, I was honored to serve 
as Regional Administrator of EPA Region 9. As RA, I worked with 
600 dedicated career staff and Administrator Wheeler to protect 
human health and the environment for 50 million Americans in 
California, Nevada, Arizona, Hawaii, 148 tribes and the Pacific 
Territorial Islands. My experience in Region 9 was one of the 
highlights of my career and I am looking forward to working 
again with all our regions to support the offices that are 
truly the face of EPA across our Nation.
    If confirmed, I will be responsible for implementing some 
of the most forward-facing programs in EPA. As much as any 
other Office at the agency, OLEM affects Main Street America in 
many tangible and beneficial ways. The Superfund program, both 
at civilian and Federal facilities, remediates sites to provide 
essential protections for land and groundwater. The popular 
Brownfields program literally addresses environmental 
conditions on main streets across our Country, restoring urban 
lands to productive use.
    Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, RCRA, and 
underground tank programs ensure that we do not create future 
Superfund sites by preventing releases of hazardous materials 
from currently operating facilities. The Office of Mountains, 
Deserts, and Plains uses a cross-media, cross-agency approach 
to address abandoned hard rock mines. Finally, the Office of 
Emergency Management works alongside other Federal agencies, 
States, cities and communities to plan for and respond to 
emergencies.
    Through these programs, OLEM has the opportunity to provide 
essential human health and environmental protections for all 
Americans and do so in a non-partisan, common-sense manner that 
promotes our great American comeback.
    I look forward to working with all of you to fulfill this 
mission. Thank you, Chairman Capito, Ranking Member Whitehouse, 
and all the members of this Committee. I look forward to 
answering your questions.
    [The prepared statement of Mr. Busterud follows:]
    [GRAPHICS NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]
    
    Senator Capito. Thank you all very much. I appreciate that.
    Before we begin with questioning from each member, there 
are three standing yes or no questions that I will ask all of 
the three of you if you could just respond.
    Do you agree, if confirmed, to appear before this committee 
or designated members of this committee and other appropriate 
committees of this Congress to provide information subject to 
appropriate and necessary security protections with respect to 
your responsibilities?
    Mr. Telle. Yes.
    Mr. McMaster. Yes.
    Mr. Busterud. Yes.
    Senator Capito. Thank you. Do you agree to ensure that 
testimony, briefings, documents, and electronic and other forms 
of communication of information provided to this committee and 
its staff and other appropriate committees in a timely manner?
    Mr. Telle. Yes, Senator.
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator.
    Mr. Busterud. Yes, Chairman.
    Senator Capito. Thank you.
    Finally, do you know of any matters which you may or may 
not have disclosed that may place you in a conflict of interest 
if you are confirmed?
    Mr. Telle. No.
    Mr. McMaster. No.
    Mr. Busterud. No.
    Senator Capito. Great, thank you.
    Okay, I am going to start my round of questions, and I am 
going to start with Mr. McMaster. You mentioned bridges, and I 
think you and I talked about bridges when we had our meeting in 
the office. I appreciate all of you for coming to visit. Our 
geography requires us to have a lot of those bridges.
    We need a strong Federal partner in the FHWA. It is 
critical to our success. A lot of progress was made and is 
being made with the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, 
IIJA. Are there any policy and funding proposals that we should 
consider including in the next reauthorization, which we are 
beginning work on, to further address regionally significant or 
bridge projects?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, I appreciate the question. I 
know you have been a champion for bridges. For the Federal 
Highway Administration, bridge safety is a paramount importance 
issue. It is critical to the safety of our traveling public; it 
is critical to our supply chain. As we look to support 
reauthorization, there is work still yet to be done. Tremendous 
progress over the last few years, when I served at HNTB I was 
fortunate to work in support of the Brent Spence Bridge, which 
after 20 years is now finally realizing development.
    I look forward to supporting you if I am confirmed. I know 
it is of paramount importance for the Federal Highway 
Administration and I look forward, if confirmed, to supporting 
your efforts through authorization to identify additional ways 
we can accelerate the maintenance and enhancement of our 
Nation's bridges on the highway system.
    Senator Capito. Thank you.
    Mr. Busterud, addressing PFAS is a top environmental 
priority that I share with Administrator Zeldin, and I think 
they are making some announcements today. I was pleased to see 
the EPA release an agency-wide plan setting bold goals to 
tackle this crisis.
    If confirmed, you will be responsible for leading OLEM's 
major role in this strategy, from updating PFAS destruction 
guidance to enforcing the polluter pays principle. How would 
you lead in this way, and help us tackle this very difficult 
and far-ranging problem of PFAS contamination?
    Mr. Busterud. Thank you, Chairman. PFAS is a high priority 
issue for EPA, and the Administrator on April 28th as you noted 
announced a suite of programs basically taking a whole of EPA 
approach to addressing PFAS across its major program offices.
    As you noted, and as we discussed in our conversation in 
your office, OLEM will play an important role to increase the 
frequency of guidance we give on PFAS destruction. It has been 
every 3 years. We are going to commit to providing those 
updates on an annual basis, and there was great interest in 
that.
    OLEM will also look at and examine its RCRA authorities to 
prevent releases of PFAS from manufacturing facilities and 
other facilities which use PFAS. You mentioned the polluter 
pays issue, and I support that entirely. We will continue with 
that approach.
    The notion of passive receiver, the issue of passive 
receiver is very important to a number of Senators on your 
committee and others. That is an issue that if confirmed, I 
pledge to work with our dedicated career staff and to look at 
ways in which we can avoid a situation in which customers of 
water utilities would be forced to pay for contamination they 
didn't put in the water to begin with. I look forward to 
working with your committee on that.
    Senator Capito. Great. Thank you.
    Mr. Telle, we had a hearing on Corps of Engineers and the 
implementation of some of their programs. This is a daunting 
challenge, I think, to step into the position that you are in, 
because the slowness and the sluggishness of some of the work 
that we know is critical is, I think, universally felt by all 
of us.
    This goes to the fact that the Army Corps is actively 
working on nearly 100 ongoing feasibility studies and general 
reevaluation reports. These will result in projects later on, 
as you know, and authorizations and appropriations.
    How will you ensure that projects and other activities are 
appropriately prioritized in work plans, and balance the 
competing water resources in the Country?
    Mr. Telle. Chairman Capito, you have identified the 
fundamental issue as it relates to this nomination, which is 
this is a complex and exhaustive set of challenges. The demand 
for the Corps' work is greater than the supply. The Congress is 
incredibly interested in the projects and work of the Corps of 
Engineers, as you have identified.
    The core principle, and when it comes to prioritization in 
a constrained budget environment is to follow the law. The law 
says that the Corps' primary missions are navigation, enabling 
commerce on America's waterways, flood mitigation and control, 
and aquatic ecosystem restoration.
    Those have to be the primary beacons when it comes to 
prioritization, examining how the projects meet those missions 
as the Congress has laid them out, setting priorities on the 
basis of benefits versus costs, life and safety and other 
factors that ultimately will play into all these decisions. It 
is a complicated one.
    Senator Capito. Thank you. Senator Whitehouse?
    Senator Whitehouse. Thanks, Chairman.
    Mr. McMaster, the Chair and I both intend to deliver to you 
a robust, bipartisan surface transportation reauthorization, as 
we discussed in my office. In order for that to happen, we need 
assurances that whatever bipartisan legislation we write and 
get enacted into law will be implemented by the executive 
branch in a faithful and unbiased say. In particular, we need 
to clear the illegal funding freezes that have jammed up so 
many already appropriated projects.
    Will you commit to implementing any and all authorized 
programs in a faithful and unbiased manner?
    Mr. McMaster. Senator, I appreciate your comment and your 
question. It is an important one. I give you my full 
commitment, if I am confirmed, to implement the law with the 
intent of Congress.
    Senator Whitehouse. You understand how it would be hard for 
the minority to agree to a bipartisan bill if the upshot of 
that agreement was that only the majority's parts of the bill 
were actually implemented, and everything that we wanted got 
binned by the executive branch?
    Mr. McMaster. Senator, I appreciate your comments. I think 
as the Secretary pointed out, infrastructure is not partisan. 
You have my full commitment to implement the law in accordance 
with the intent of Congress.
    Senator Whitehouse. Thank you.
    Mr. Telle, I have referred to the Army Corps of Engineers 
as a bureaucratic tributary of the Mississippi River. That is a 
rhetorical point that I make to highlight the extent to which 
the Army Corps appears to favor inland over coastal flooding 
projects.
    We have looked back at the Inland and Coastal Flooding 
Account at the Army Corps, and its best year was $20 for inland 
for every $1 for coastal flooding. That was our best year as 
coastal States. Worst year was $100 for inland flooding for 
every $1 for coastal flooding.
    Rhode Island's sea level is up about 11 inches. That is not 
a debatable proposition. You measure that the same way you 
measure the height of your kid on the doorway. It is really 
simple; it is inches and rulers.
    We have real coastal flooding issues. I would like your 
assurance that you will take these inland versus coastal 
concerns seriously as coastal flooding becomes more and more of 
a danger for coastal communities.
    Mr. Telle. Senator Whitehouse, thank you for raising this 
issue. I look forward to and am eager to, if confirmed, to make 
sure we have our hands around this data and understand it. I 
think historically the riverine flooding has been easier to 
predict perhaps than the locations of coastal flooding, but 
that does not mean we should not invest as much as, a greater 
amount in coastal flooding. This is obviously an issue that has 
been near and dear to my heart, working on hurricane recovery 
my entire career, as well as the inland flooding, riverine 
flooding.
    I would just say, I think you are right, as we work to 
justify and prioritize, as Chairman Capito mentioned, the 
projects that are of the greatest benefit to the public, we 
have to be able to consider things that have in the past been 
unpredictable and try to predict them more accurately.
    Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Whitehouse. Yes. I would also add that Federal 
Emergency Management Agency, FEMA's, mapping has been such a 
flagrant disaster that States like mine have had to do their 
own flood mapping, because FEMA's mapping simply wasn't worthy 
of belief. You do not have to look much beyond FEMA's flood 
mapping of the Houston area versus the actual flooding, 
repeated flooding, in the Houston area, which is a really big 
area in the last decade, to see how bad FEMA's mapping has 
been.
    Part of the problem is to fix the mapping as well as to fix 
the priorities. I look forward to working with you on that.
    Mr. Telle. Senator, if I may, really quickly, this is an 
issue I have worked on in the past and would say there is a 
great deal of frustration in the public around FEMA's mapping 
programs. It is not something that I will be in charge of if 
confirmed, but certainly something I will work on.
    Senator Whitehouse. To the extent you want to rely on them, 
you need to go in eyes wide open that they are a failure.
    Mr. Telle. One of the frustrations that the public has had 
about FEMA's maps is it does not adequately consider flash 
flooding, rainstorms. It only considers storm surges in many 
cases, and it does not adequately consider flood control 
infrastructure. These are issues that have to be addressed in 
order to give the public confidence in the government's 
product.
    Senator Whitehouse. I would also like to work with you and 
the Chairman on a priorities list where committee members who 
feel that a project has gotten lost in the Army Corps' 
bureaucracy can get a regular scheduled briefing from the Army 
Corps where we put our projects on that list and you know that 
those projects are on that list and you are going to have to 
come in and report to us on them on a regular basis, so that 
projects that are important to members of this committee get 
the attention that they deserve.
    Mr. Telle. Senator, when Congress passes a law and the 
President signs it, there is some expectation that it be 
followed. I look forward to working with you on that.
    Senator Whitehouse. Good. Well, this is an issue where the 
Chair and I are going to need to work together and agree. We 
would certainly urge that senior Army Corps folks turn up for 
those briefings on those projects once we have sorted out what 
that looks like.
    Senator Capito. I would add, just the second question that 
I asked you all, with timely responses back, there is nothing 
more frustrating, no matter who is in charge, to not get an 
answer. That happens, and it is very frustrating.
    We will go to Senator Ricketts.
    Senator Ricketts. Thank you, Chairman Capito and Ranking 
Member Whitehouse, for holding the hearing today. Welcome to 
all of our nominees, congratulations.
    I chair the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water and Wildlife, 
and sit on the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee. I 
look forward to learning from each of you how you plan to serve 
Nebraskans and Americans in your new roles should you be 
confirmed.
    The Endangered Species Act, ESA, is a law that impacts each 
one of you as nominees. Mr. McMaster, you and I shared, I 
shared with you my concerns about the American Burrowing 
Beetle, and its impacts on infrastructure. Mr. Telle, you heard 
about the piping plover and the pallid sturgeon and its impacts 
on the Missouri River and the Platte River. Then Mr. Busterud, 
you are no stranger to National Environmental Policy Act, NEPA, 
compliance.
    I would like each one of the nominees to talk a little bit 
about how you plan to implement the ESA in a way that promotes 
species protection and recovery but is not prohibitive to the 
work in your respective offices. Mr. Telle, may we start with 
you?
    Mr. Telle. Senator, thank you for the question. I detected 
a bit of frustration from you and I have detected it from the 
public over my time working here in the Senate about when the 
law is applied on the basis of, or decisions are made within 
the government on the basis of something that the government 
did before. I think that is the case here, with the species you 
are talking about, where the government's work actually 
increased the habitat and then created a problem where before 
it didn't exist.
    We have to be better at predicting these things and having 
a comprehensive management plan that looks at second and third 
order effects of the government's work and gets it right, and 
when we do not get it right, correct it as quickly as possible 
instead of ignoring the problem.
    Thank you, Senator.
    Mr. McMaster. Thank you, Senator, I appreciated the 
conversation the other day. I will say the Administration has a 
strong process, a robust process and a way to find ways to 
expedite project delivery, but at the same time respect and 
conserve the environment in that process.
    If I am confirmed, I look forward to learning more from you 
on these specific issues you raised in person, working closely 
with the Federal Highway Administration in partnership with the 
State to make sure that those environmental challenges are 
conserved, maintained, and respected while we look to move 
projects forward quicker, faster, and better for the benefit of 
the State and the Country. Thank you.
    Mr. Busterud. Senator, based on my environmental legal 
experience, and I would bring that to bear here with EPA, I 
believe that early consultation and engagement on endangered 
species issues in the planning phase before shovels even go in 
the ground is essential in terms of planning out an expedited 
schedule that is not impaired by the presence of either 
critical habitat or listed species.
    Senator Ricketts. Great. Thank you.
    Under Chairman Capito's leadership, we are beginning to 
work on the Surface Transportation Reauthorization bill, and 
are focused on improving efficiency in the system. I have heard 
from Nebraskans that one reason projects are significantly 
slowed is that too many agencies are required to take action to 
approve a single project. Often these approvals are being done 
consecutively instead of concurrently, adding unnecessary 
delays to project implementation.
    Mr. McMaster, how important is streamlining processes to 
deliver on timely project delivery and what can Congress do to 
help?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, I appreciate that question. It 
is a tremendous priority of this administration to find ways to 
move projects faster, better and more cost effectively. I will 
say this tremendous backlog, the historic backlog of grant 
awards that are awaiting grant agreements, it in no small way 
is a tremendous priority that needs to be addressed. Over the 
last couple of weeks we have seen two different tranches of 
backed awards totaling more than $5 billion in this effort.
    The Secretary is also interested in reducing the regulatory 
burden on these awards and future awards, so that when we say 
we want to build, we are able to build and we are able to build 
more cost effectively. In addition, the administration is 
looking at updating its guidance on NEPA and then looking for 
additional streamlining provisions.
    If confirmed, I look forward to working closely with you 
and the Congress as you engage in your efforts to reauthorize 
the Surface Transportation programs.
    Senator Ricketts. I am running out of time here, but Mr. 
Telle, obviously as Governor I sat through a 500-year flood in 
Nebraska in 2019. Can you tell us how you can work with sister 
agencies like Fish and Wildlife to ensure the management of the 
Missouri River Basin to prioritize people and property to make 
sure we are protecting life when we have those 500 year floods?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Ricketts, thank you for the question and 
thank you for your leadership as Governor during that flood 
that affected large swaths of the Country, and especially 
Nebraska.
    With the Missouri River, which I told Senator Fischer 
yesterday is America's longest river, edging out the 
Mississippi by one mile, it requires management from Montana 
all the way to Missouri. Your State is right in the middle.
    There are competing interests that have to do with 
navigation interests and flood control interests up and down 
the system, as well as water supply interests, especially in 
the farther west reaches of the river.
    It is a challenge. The Corps of Engineers often has to make 
decisions about whether agricultural interests and weigh those 
against commercial interests and weigh those against life and 
safety interests. I would just say that life and safety and the 
protection of property has to always be a primary concern as 
these issues are balanced.
    The Corps of Engineers has manuals that dictate how they 
operate these facilities, but Senator, I think our elected 
leadership, our politically accountable leadership, I think 
there is an expectation that they will use good judgment in 
times of crisis like this one to deliver the best result for 
the public. I hope that we can get it right.
    Senator Ricketts. Thank you, Madam Chairman.
    Senator Carper. Senator Ricketts, or excuse me, Senator 
Padilla?. We just had Senator Ricketts.
    Senator Padilla. Thank you, Madam Chair. I mean, people 
confuse us all the time.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Capito. Right.
    Senator Padilla. It is understandable.
    Senator Capito. I think it is the accents.
    Senator Padilla. I appreciated, Mr. Telle, in our meeting, 
that you are tracking the proposed $1 billion cut to the Harbor 
Maintenance Trust Fund. As you may know, the Ports of Los 
Angeles and Long Beach are the busiest ports in the western 
hemisphere, receiving 40 percent of the Nation's imports. There 
are other ports along the coast of California, but those two 
alone account for 40 percent.
    They are also considered donor ports, which generate nearly 
half the revenue into the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund but 
receive only a small fraction in return. Now, Congress directed 
the courts to ensure more equitable distribution of the trust 
funds in the 2020 WRDA, and finally, in the Fiscal Years 2024 
work plan funding was made available.
    Can you provide, Mr. Telle, some assurances that the Harbor 
Maintenance Trust Fund, HMTF, obligations defined under WRDA 
2020 will continue to be met this year and going forward again 
in that more equitable fashion?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Padilla, thank you for the question. You 
have identified an issue here that is important. The Congress 
and the executive branch have had debates, and the Congress has 
weighed in heavily on how revenues related to the Harbor 
Maintenance Trust Fund are collected and expended.
    Congress did recently enact a provision, as you referenced, 
that says ports like the ones in your State, which have 
significant traffic but fewer dredging needs, that they have 
the ability to use Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund revenue and 
expenditures on non-traditional depth and width projects which 
help facilitate commerce in areas of the port where the Corps 
of Engineers hasn't traditionally worked.
    I intend to follow the law in this regard, and certainly 
look forward to working with you on how the Harbor Maintenance 
Trust Fund is managed.
    Senator Padilla. I very much appreciate your answer in 
regard to following the law, as current law is, following the 
directions as set by Congress. I hate to even have to ask, but 
you know as well as I do what we have been through the last 4 
months, where despite congressional action and not just 
authorization by appropriations, we are dealing with an 
administration that sometimes thinks they know better and 
directs departments and agencies to do differently.
    I believe you when you say you will stick to the letter of 
the law, and look forward to following up with you to ensure 
that on specific projects.
    Speaking of specific projects, the Los Angeles County 
Drainage Area Project is a dynamic flood conveyance system that 
provides flood risk benefits to the 10 million people living in 
Los Angeles County, and frankly, a larger number of people if 
you look at the greater metropolitan area. However, the Corps-
owned and maintained portion of the system has a significant 
backlog of maintenance, nothing new; you referenced the general 
dynamic earlier, which leaves the entire system vulnerable to 
extreme weather events.
    The Corps' annual budget cannot keep up; it is not even 
keeping close. As a result, the County of Los Angeles 
Department of Public Works is currently engaged with the Corps 
to transfer some of the Corps-maintained sections of the system 
to ensure the long-term viability and safety of the critical 
system. We have been working on this for a couple of years.
    Given the Corps' $100 billion backlog of authorized but 
unfunded projects, I am encouraged when I see partners like Los 
Angeles County willing to step up and work together to address 
the challenges. As a member of this committee, I was proud to 
support provisions in WRDAs 2022 and 2024 to help address the 
operational efficiencies of the LA County Drainage Area System.
    All that being said, my question is to have your commitment 
to work with me and Los Angeles County to ensure the seamless 
transfer of those assets to the county that have been agreed 
to.
    Mr. Telle. Senator Padilla, thank you for your advocacy for 
this. As a general principle, I agree with the notion that 
Federal responsibilities, to the degree that a State or 
locality has the capacity to deal with an issue or to operate a 
facility, we ought to be pushing authorities and 
responsibilities and the fiscal burden to the local entity, 
because they understand the needs of their citizens much better 
than we can here in Washington.
    In general, I agree with you on that principle. I do not 
have the details in terms of how this could affect the system 
of systems that is the California water system. I would like to 
take a look at that, but I commit to taking a look at that and 
working with you on this to make sure that we get it right for 
the citizens of your State and of course the surrounding States 
in the west, who all share water resources in a very careful 
manner.
    Senator Padilla. I am sure the rank and file and 
professionals at the Corps have agreed that this makes sense, 
we are in the process of doing it, it has been agreed to. I 
hope that we can continue and finish the transfer process.
    A couple of other questions I would like to ask, but my 
time is up so I will submit questions for the record.
    Mr. Telle. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Padilla. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    Senator Ricketts. [Presiding.] I will take over for the 
Chair while she is voting. Senator Wicker?
    Senator Wicker. Thank you, and very ably done, Mr. Interim 
Chair.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Wicker. Mr. Telle, let's talk about a wastewater 
treatment program, project that involves the State of 
Mississippi and the State of Tennessee. As everyone knows, 
Memphis and Shelby County amount to one of the largest 
metropolitan areas in the Country and certainly the largest in 
the State of Tennessee.
    Just below Memphis and Shelby County is DeSoto County, 
Mississippi, one of the fastest-growing counties in 
Mississippi. Included abutting the State line are the cities of 
Southaven, Horn Lake, and certain unincorporated areas. About 
48 years ago, a wastewater treatment facility was federally 
funded, addressing the wastewater treatment needs in both of 
those areas. It was funded to the extent possible based on 
population numbers from the Mississippi area as well as the 
Memphis area.
    Some years ago, the folks north of the State line brought 
suit and asked that the Mississippi customers be excluded from 
that treatment plant. This went to court, we didn't feel it was 
fair, but the Federal judge ruled that the Mississippi areas, 
Southaven, Horn Lake and certain unincorporated areas, have to 
get on their own water treatment system by the year 2031. Only 
way we can possibly do that is to look as this metropolitan 
area did 50 years ago to the Federal Government.
    The Army Corps of Engineers is a valuable part of this new 
project. Can you please commit to me that the Army Corps of 
Engineers do everything possible to assist the DeSoto County 
Regional Utility Authority, known as DCRUA, in building a new 
wastewater system before this judicially imposed 2031 deadline?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Wicker, thank you for the question. It 
is an issue that I have familiarity with from both sides of the 
State line. In 1992, Congress began authorizing the Corps of 
Engineers to take on projects generally described as 
environmental infrastructure. These are not the traditional 
navigation, flood control, aquatic ecosystem restoration types 
of projects that the Corps of Engineers has done, but it has 
had a great deal of interest from the Congress.
    I think that is going to continue, and I certainly commit 
to work with you in an area, DeSoto County, Shelby County, that 
I know well, to make sure that we get it right and we can 
facilitate to the degree we are able DeSoto County's ability to 
meet the directive of the courts.
    Senator Wicker. I assume that if this project is not done 
by 2031, the Federal judge will not decree that sewage start to 
run in the streets of DeSoto County, Mississippi. We are going 
to try, with your help, we are going to try to comply with 
this.
    Let's talk about the Bonnet Carre Spillway. We have already 
talked about how long the Mississippi River is, and the 
Missouri River. Thirty-one States contribute to what runs by 
the States of Louisiana and Mississippi as it gets almost to 
the Gulf. By the time it gets there, it is full of bacteria, 
nutrients, fertilizer runoff, sediment and other things that 
leads to algal blooms in the Gulf.
    When the water gets high, there are a number of spillways 
that can be opened to prevent flooding of a number of very 
important areas. In 2019, though, the Bonnet Carr Spillway was 
opened for a total of 123 days. It spilled into the Mississippi 
sound, a saltwater important area for fishing, changing it more 
into freshwater, hugely damaging, costing many, many jobs.
    We can not possibly have this happen again. There are times 
when the spillway can be opened, take some of the freshwater 
into a saltwater area, but not that much.
    Will you agree that the Army Corps should include 
stakeholders such as the Mississippi Sound Coalition and 
stakeholders in both Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi, in a 
comprehensive study of which spillways are opened?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Wicker, I would gladly take input from 
stakeholders. As you rightly point out, there are facilities up 
and down the Mississippi River from Bird's Point to Morganza 
and then the spillway of last resort, of course, is the Bonnet 
Carr, which diverts water into Lake Pontchartrain, and then 
ultimately as you say, into the Mississippi Sound, which 
affects the ecosystem there, the commercial ecosystem as well 
as the recreational ecosystem.
    These are the types of tradeoffs that we have to discuss 
when we talk about operating the Corps of Engineers many 
facilities. Preventing a flood upstream may mean effects, as 
you described, on places like the Mississippi Sound. It is very 
important that the Corps of Engineers has clear input from 
stakeholders from across a waterway, from up and down, to 
understand the impacts. These are complex systems of systems 
and we could use as much input as we could possibly get to try 
to make sure that we get the balance right.
    Senator Wicker. Thank you for that answer. Mr. Chairman, I 
realize we have gone over, but it is a matter of thousands and 
thousands of jobs up and down the Mississippi River. Thank you.
    Senator Ricketts. Senator Blunt Rochester?
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and to 
the nominees and your families for being here.
    I would like to start with Mr. McMaster. Thank you for the 
opportunity to meet. When we were in my office, you indicated 
your willingness to be transparent about the status of 
discretionary grants in my State, if confirmed. I am sure, and 
you have mentioned that Secretary Duffy recently shared the 
grant obligation announcements.
    Missing from that list were many projects in Delaware. 
During his confirmation, he committed to getting discretionary 
grants out the door and abiding by the law. I am sure this is 
an easy question for you. Will you make this same commitment?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, absolutely. This is a 
tremendous priority for the administration and the Secretary. 
You have my full commitment, if I am confirmed, to support the 
Secretary in those efforts and to look into any specific 
projects you may have and followup with you directly.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Great. Thank you so much.
    I made a point during my meeting with him as well that this 
funding was already awarded, much of it. I understand that we 
are like re-reviewing some of the grants. I hope, again, for 
me, that is not as efficient. I am looking forward, and I am 
grateful for your commitment. I appreciate that commitment. We 
will followup.
    My next question is for Mr. Busterud. If confirmed, you 
will oversee EPA's Superfund program and as of now, there are 
over 1,300 sites on the Superfund's National Priorities List. 
Delaware has 17 sites spread across our State.
    Given your commitment to putting public health and the 
environment at the center of your work, and the limited 
resources for a very complex program, how will you prioritize 
the completion of Superfund projects under your leadership?
    Mr. Busterud. Senator, thank you. I am committed to 
protecting human health and the environment, as I told your 
staff during the visit. I am going to make a priority in 
enhancing and improving the pace and efficiency of our 
Superfund cleanups.
    Really, there are two essential components there. One is a 
suite of process improvements we can make. There are 
opportunities for that. I spoke with Senator Ricketts in his 
office yesterday about that very issue, providing enhanced 
project management tools to the regions, so they can explore 
ways in which we can take phases of the remedial investigations 
and move them in parallel rather than in sequence. There are 
also great opportunities for using AI in producing reports and 
not necessarily spending time drafting documents, you know, 
have an issue, if you will.
    I want to say, too, in addition to those enhancements, I 
want to acknowledge to this committee that there is a human 
element to Superfund. Superfund affects children, families, 
communities, tribes, businesses and their employees. I know if 
confirmed I am going to make that a priority for me in terms of 
implementation. I know our dedicated career staff feels that 
way, and I look forward to working with them and with the 
communities we serve.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Thank you for that commitment as 
well.
    Mr. Telle, as a former staffer, I was impressed by Mr. 
Hagerty acknowledging everyone around this room. I am sure they 
are proud and inspired.
    Delaware, as you probably know, is the lowest lying State 
in the Country, which makes the Army Corps' work critical to us 
as a State. Affordability criteria and the high Federal cost 
share are critical to helping our local communities, like those 
in my State, mitigate disaster risk.
    This approach has been essential to funding beach 
nourishment and restoration projects across the Delaware Bay 
beach communities. That really gets inland as well.
    Mr. Telle, if confirmed, do you commit to following 
affordability criteria and including a high Federal cost share 
in order to protect local communities?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Blunt Rochester, thank you for your 
comments. You raise a very important issue. Part of the reason 
that I am so honored to have been nominated for this position 
is because the Corps of Engineers' mission reaches into the 
smallest communities in America and some of the biggest cities, 
and has an impact on all of them in a very real way.
    Often times, it is reaching to the small communities, and 
in many cases, economically disadvantaged communities over the 
course of history, along the Mississippi River, along the 
coast, along the tributaries. These communities may not have 
the capacity that the larger communities have.
    That is why it is incumbent upon the Corps as it works with 
these communities which are very important to provide technical 
assistance along the way, and where necessary tailor the cost 
share to meet the community's needs as appropriate, and of 
course with care for the Federal taxpayer as well.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Thank you. I have additional 
questions on brownfields, reconnecting communities, the Port of 
Wilmington and dredging, but I will submit those questions for 
the record.
    I also am in a Commerce Committee hearing on FAA right now. 
I think I heard Mr. McMaster mention that your son is an air 
traffic controller?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, that is correct.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Tell him thank you, thank you on 
behalf of our Country. I yield back.
    Mr. McMaster. I appreciate that. I will. Thank you.
    Senator Ricketts. Senator Boozman?
    Senator Boozman. Thank you so much. First of all, I want to 
congratulate Mr. Telle on his being nominated to lead the 
Corps. I had the opportunity to work with him, actually I felt 
like I worked for him on Homeland Security. I was the chairman, 
he was the staff director. He did a tremendous job, and I know 
he is going to bring that same work ethic again in leading the 
Corps. I really believe that he is the right person for this 
position.
    As you know, Ebbing Air National Guard Base in Fort Smith, 
Arkansas is the home of the F-35 Foreign Military Sales 
Training Mission. The recent passage of the Fiscal Year 2025 
full year continuing resolution includes funding to enable 
important construction projects that the Little Rock Corps is 
doing, responsible under tight timelines.
    I have to compliment them; they have done a tremendous job 
so far in working so hard to expedite this. This is something 
that has kind of been an all hands on deck approach.
    If confirmed, will you commit to ensuring the Little Rock 
District receives the Corps' full support and resources to 
deliver these mission critical projects on schedule to the 
highest standard?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Boozman, thank you very much, first of 
all, for the compliment. I appreciate it. I absolutely worked 
for you. The first time I came into your office, I saw a sign 
on your desk that said Arkansas First, and we followed that 
practice at all times.
    Senator, with regard to the Little Rock District, I commit 
to working with you to make sure that congressional intent, 
your interests, the interests identified to you by your 
constituents are met. We visited Arkansas when I was working 
with you, and I look forward to visiting the Little Rock 
District if confirmed.
    Senator Boozman. Very good. Again, I want to publicly thank 
them for doing a really good job up to now in pushing things 
forward.
    In 2024, the Corps of Engineers recreation sites welcomed 
approximately 260 million visitors nationwide, including Corps 
managed lakes and parks in Arkansas and throughout the Country. 
These sites are vital to the local economies, providing safe, 
affordable access to public lands for fishing, boating and 
camping. Yet many sites face aging infrastructure and deferred 
maintenance. Fees collected onsite most of the time are not 
reinvested where they are generated.
    I know that the Corps has its missions and this and that. 
Again, this has grown to a tremendous extent. The problem is 
you fix things and you prevent them from getting bad, it does 
not cost a whole lot of money, you let them go and eventually 
they have to be replaced and it costs a fortune.
    If confirmed, would you prioritize helping us figure out a 
better path forward, so that we can maybe take some of the 
burden off? Things like public-private partnerships, thinking 
outside the box. Then also maybe looking at the fact that 
again, these are generating money for the Corps, seeing if we 
can keep a percentage of that money in the areas where they are 
generated.
    Mr. Telle. Senator Boozman, thank you for the question. You 
have hit the nail on the head here. The Corps of Engineers' 
facilities actually have more annual visitors than the National 
Park System. This is of great benefit to the public. It is not 
a primary mission of the Corps of Engineers, as you have 
identified, but it is a secondary mission, and certainly, when 
the Corps of Engineers takes on projects, there are often 
recreational benefits that come alongside those projects that 
do not add significant additional funding to the cost of the 
project.
    We need to be smart in trying to meet these needs. When it 
comes to maintaining and operating and improving these 
recreational facilities, I do look forward to working with you, 
and I hope it's in a creative way, to help solve the issue you 
have identified.
    Senator Boozman. Very good. Thank you.
    Mr. McMaster, very quickly, as you are aware, the U.S. has 
35,000 injuries, thousands of fatalities from roughly 100,000 
work zone crashes each year. How does U.S. Department of 
Transportation, USDOT, plan to improve worker safety? Do you 
have any ideas about worker safety and work zone awareness in 
these areas, to try and get these numbers down?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, you highlight an extremely 
important issue that the Federal Highway Administration faces, 
and the Department recently just honored work zone safety. I 
will say I look forward to, upon confirmation, getting briefed 
up by the Federal Highway Administration on kind of the current 
challenges, where the data is. I look forward to working with 
the Congress directly to resolve and improve our work zone 
safety challenges that we have throughout the Country.
    You raise an important point, it is not something that has 
been solved to date, and we need to continue to work to protect 
those critical workers as they build out our infrastructure 
across the Country.
    Senator Boozman. Thank you very much. Thank all of you for 
your willingness to serve.
    Senator Ricketts. Senator Alsobrooks?
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you so much, Mr. Chair. Thank you 
as well to each of the nominees today. Congratulations to you 
and to your families on your nominations.
    The three offices that you are being considered for are 
really critical to Maryland. I am excited to have the chance to 
ask some questions today.
    I will start with Mr. McMaster, and ask you a question 
regarding the university transportation centers. Last week, the 
U.S. Department of Transportation actually terminated grants 
for seven university transportation centers related to 
advancing a so-called ``woke'' agenda. I understand that Johns 
Hopkins University, which is one of the seven universities 
impacted, had however already revised its work plans to align 
with the administration's priorities. These grants required a 
dollar-for-dollar match, meaning that the universities made 
significant financial and institutional commitments, and they 
did so based on the promise of a 5-year Federal partnership.
    I am concerned not just about the terminations themselves, 
but how it was handled, and the justification that was 
provided, and what this says about the Federal Government's 
willingness to honor its commitments.
    The question is, given that some of the universities have 
already revised their work plans and others have expressed a 
willingness to do so, can you commit today to working with 
these institutions to reverse the terminations and instead 
pursue a path that allows these universities to fulfill their 
mission under the revised mutually agreeable terms?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, thank you, Senator. I understand how 
important this issue is to you.
    I am not familiar with the recent terminations of those, so 
I can commit to you, if I am confirmed, to following up 
directly with the Federal Highway Administration and the 
Secretary and the Department to understand more fully what the 
justifications and what the interests were in that, and then 
happy to followup with you directly to address this issue.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Perfect. Thank you so much.
    Mr. McMaster, just one other question regarding Maryland, 
the freezing of some funds. Maryland's aging bridge 
infrastructure presents for us a really significant challenge. 
There are several critical structures requiring attention and 
investment.
    For this reason, the Bridge Investment Program, which was 
established under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, is really, 
really important to our State. The Trump Administration froze 
this program at the beginning of the year and then quickly 
reinstated the program. The freezing of funds caused confusion, 
as you might imagine, uncertainty, and it also added to some 
project delays.
    If confirmed, can you commit that the Federal Highway 
Administration will keep congressionally appropriated Federal 
funds flowing?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, I appreciate the question. I 
can confirm, if I am confirmed, I can commit to you that I will 
carry out these programs in accordance with the law and the 
intent of Congress.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you.
    The third, Mr. Telle, I want to ask you a question as well 
about sustainability and climate resilience projects. Many of 
Maryland's Army Corps projects are related to climate change 
and are designed to enhance resilience. The Baltimore District 
in particular is currently working on projects that mitigate 
risks from sea level rise, coastal storms and flooding. I 
suspect that you have familiarity with similar projects, given 
your time working in both Mississippi's and Alabama's 
congressional delegation.
    If confirmed, the question is whether or not you would 
commit to working with my office to ensure that Maryland's 
congressionally authorized Army Corps projects that focus on 
sustainability and climate resilience are completed?
    Mr. Telle. Senator, thank you for the question. With regard 
to climate resiliency, it is a question of, for the Corps of 
Engineers, the policy, the Corps of Engineers does not set the 
policy on why or the root cause of a particular project. It 
only looks at the data, the latest hydrological trends, the 
real hard information to make decisions about how to plan 
projects for now and for the future, so that they can make 
States like Maryland more resilient.
    I absolutely commit to following congressional intent and 
working with you on advancing the projects that are important 
to your State.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you. I yield to Senator Husted.
    Senator Husted. [Presiding.] Thank you.
    Gentlemen, thank you for joining us today. I know that you 
will hear from me what will be a broken record, that is, time 
is money. The faster we go, the more money we save, the more 
quickly we begin to improve life. You each have roles that 
impact the environment and the economy, and the faster we get 
to solutions on the problems that you are addressing, the 
better off we will all be.
    If you take the previous 4 years, although the latest 
inflation numbers show that inflation is at a low for the past 
5 years, but if you take the previous 4 years, there were, the 
average inflation rate was 5 percent. That is a 20 percent cost 
increase over the previous 4 years. That is illustrative of my 
point about how quickly we make these decisions the more money 
we save, the more quickly that we can improve our environmental 
circumstances.
    Mr. Busterud, I want to bring this to you, and I know there 
was just an announcement on PFAS this morning, which I saw some 
of the details. It is hard for me to digest all that has 
happened.
    I first became aware of PFAS through the Patel Institute in 
Ohio, which has done a lot of work on this issue in terms of 
PFAS destruction through their annihilator technology. With 
PFAS, for example, it has a dramatic health impact, which can 
cause cancers and other health challenges for people.
    Tell about your plans to fast-track that evaluation and get 
some of these new technologies in place as quickly as possible, 
so that we can get PFAS out of our water systems.
    Mr. Busterud. Yes, Senator, I could not agree more than it 
is an urgent issue. As part of OLEM's role in the whole of EPA 
approach to PFAS, which Administrator Zeldin announced last 
month, we are committed to providing destruction guidance on a 
much more frequent basis than we had historically. We were 
doing it every 3 years, and we are going to be doing it at 
least annually going forward.
    If confirmed, I commit to working with our staff to ensure 
that we and our scientists, our OLEM scientists, to ensure that 
we are considering and providing guidance on emerging 
technologies that have real promise.
    Senator Husted. I appreciate that. It is the, it was 
originally, I mean, it is just amazing how quickly the 
technology can be developed, and we just have to get the 
technology deployed and the guidance out there are quickly as 
possible. All that you can do in that respect I think is in all 
of our best interests.
    Mr. McMaster, I will again, with the theme of time is 
money, you mentioned the Brent Spence Bridge, which of course, 
when we had a chance to talk, I believe the last bridge that 
was built across the Ohio River took 13 years, 10 years to 
design and permit and 3 to build. With all of these 
construction projects, particularly with bridges, can you just 
give us a sense of confidence and direction about what you are 
going to be able to do to improve the speed with which these 
projects get completed? Then what advice you have for us as 
this process moves along on how we can help you.
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, I appreciate the commentary. I 
also appreciate you brought up inflation. I have that in my 
testimony. The last 3 years reported on the national 
construction cost index from the Federal Highway Administration 
shows that there has been a 67 percent increase alone in 
construction for infrastructure projects.
    Senator Husted. The States, it affects the State revenue. 
They have been challenged with this. I know in Ohio, we had a 
plan, but inflation ate into the cost so much that now the 
funding mechanisms are not sufficient for the plan.
    Mr. McMaster. Absolutely, there is a tremendous impact in 
the ability to deliver these projects in a timely way. Then 
ultimately you deliver less projects as a result of the 
inflationary pressures on those.
    What I will say as far as expediting project delivery, I 
mean, you could not have a more supportive administration in 
this effort. I know the Secretary has a tremendous effort 
underway to take these thousands of grant awards and move them 
to grant agreements. As part of that process, there is a review 
and a process to reduce the regulatory burden where there are 
not statutory demands and intent of Congress. He has taken it 
upon himself to clean up those grant awards, so that the 
ultimate project awardee can move those projects quicker, 
faster, better.
    You have a tremendous advocate in the administration. Upon 
confirmation, I look forward to supporting his efforts strongly 
to expedite that backlog to completion and support you all as 
you consider additional opportunities for streamlining projects 
and accelerating project delivery under your reauthorization 
proposal.
    Senator Husted. Great. Thank you very much. Sorry I didn't 
get a chance for you to give your time is money remarks, but 
Chairwoman Capito, I turn it back over to you.
    Senator Capito. [Presiding.] Thank you, Senator. Thank you 
for taking the gavel there. We are all running back and forth 
today.
    Senator Kelly, you are up.
    Senator Kelly. Thank you, Madam Chair.
    Mr. Telle, good seeing you again. Thanks for coming by my 
office.
    I want to talk about some priority infrastructure projects 
that we have in Arizona. First, as we discussed in my office, 
we talked about Winslow, the Winslow Levee Project. The Army 
Corps of Engineers is constructing this new levee system that 
will remove the town of Winslow from a 100-year flood plain. 
This project is authorized and it is fully funded under the 
Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. They have the local match.
    Will you commit to ensuring that the Corps moves as quickly 
as possible to complete this infrastructure project?
    Mr. Telle. Senator, of course, if confirmed, I will follow 
the law and work with you and your constituents to make sure we 
provide that facility as quickly as we possibly can.
    Senator Kelly. Thank you. Second, in last year's WRDA bill, 
we secured some new emergency authorities for the Army Corps to 
ensure that the Corps can exercise your regulatory authorities 
differently in regions experiencing drought. What I am talking 
about are the flood control curves that we discussed. These 
changes have the potential to save hundreds of thousands of 
acre feet of water in certain years in the west.
    Will you commit to working with my office to ensure that 
the Corps' implementation guidance reflects congressional 
intent so the Corps moves quickly to respond to conditions in 
drought-stricken regions?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Kelly, thank you for the question. As I 
have testified today, on a number of occasions, the primary 
missions of the Corps of Engineers are navigation, flood 
control and aquatic ecosystem restoration. Water supply can be 
a secondary mission of the Corps.
    I think I would point out the provision that you worked to 
include in a recent WRDA bill that said, in times of drought 
emergency, there can be an exception made to that policy. I 
think it makes sense, especially for communities in areas like 
your State that at times can be so desperate for water.
    I look forward to working with you to make sure that we 
follow the law and get that provision implemented, the guidance 
and the rulemakings, and other processes that are required to 
bring that to bear. I look forward to working with you to make 
sure we get it right.
    Senator Kelly. Thank you.
    Finally, we also talked about Rio de Flag, which is another 
flooding issue in Flagstaff, Arizona. We have this project, it 
is downtown Flagstaff, it has been funded. Phase one of the 
project should be ready for construction next year.
    We may run into an issue with the 902 limit. If a post-
authorization change report is required for this project, will 
you commit to working with the city of Flagstaff to find a way 
to continue advancing phase one of the project without delay?
    Mr. Telle. Senator, thank you for the question. I look 
forward to learning more about the change that you describe and 
certainly across the board as has been discussed on numerous 
occasions here today, and the Senator right before you the 
point that time is money. I am sure that is the case in this 
project, too. I look forward to working with you, and I commit 
to doing everything we can to get it right, even with changes.
    Senator Kelly. If a packer is required, will you commit to 
ensuring that the report is completed as quickly as possible so 
that it is provided to Congress in time for WRDA 2026?
    Mr. Telle. Senator, thank you for that question as well. 
This is another topic that I think I have heard on a bipartisan 
basis is of interest, which is even if we, whether we like the 
answer you are going to give us or not, give us an answer. I 
believe in that. I look forward to trying to be transparent and 
clear with you about the projects of interest to you, so that 
even if the answer is not something that you would have 
preferred, you can potentially work to mitigate the concerns 
that may exist.
    Senator Kelly. Thank you, Mr. Telle.
    Mr. McMaster, thanks for coming by my office as well. When 
we met, we discussed this 22d Street Bridge project in Tucson. 
It is a classic example of the type of project which Congress 
on a bipartisan basis intended to fund when we passed the 
Bipartisan Infrastructure Law.
    This project replaces an ageing bridge over Union Pacific's 
main rail line that goes east to west through Tucson. Right 
now, the bridge is in such poor shape that, as we talked about, 
school buses and ambulances do not go over it.
    The city of Tucson has submitted a draft grant agreement to 
the Federal Highway Administration for their review, which 
included all of the NEPA documents and utility and right-of-way 
clearances. Yet the city has not yet received any feedback on 
this submitted documentation since December, and they have not 
been able to meet with anybody. I know you are not in the 
building yet, but anybody with the staff.
    If confirmed, will you commit to prioritizing and 
completing finalized grant agreements that have been caught up 
in this haphazardly implemented funding freeze like the 22d 
Street Bridge?
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, I appreciated the conversation 
in your office. I will commit to you that I look forward to 
supporting the Secretary in his efforts to move these projects 
from award to agreement as quickly and expeditiously as 
possible. Lives and money are impacted with any possible delay 
as it relates to this specific project. I look forward to 
following up with the Federal Highway Administration on the 
current status of that effort. Then I will followup with you 
directly afterwards.
    Senator Kelly. Will you also commit that your office will 
follow the law and implement any other discretionary grant 
programs as Congress intended?
    Mr. McMaster. I commit to following the law with the intent 
of Congress.
    Senator Kelly. All right. Thank you. Thank you, Madam 
Chair.
    Senator Capito. Senator Sullivan.
    Senator Sullivan. Thank you, Madam Chair, and thank you for 
the witnesses and your families, for your service.
    Mr. Telle, you are a glutton for punishment. A lot of folks 
do not know, you had your Armed Services confirmation hearing 
yesterday. You did a great job on that one. This should be a 
piece of cake.
    Mr. Telle. Thank you, Senator Sullivan.
    Senator Sullivan. By the way, in my State, I am going to 
focus a lot on Alaska. I appreciated our meetings, Mr. Telle 
and Mr. McMaster.
    Hard to build anything in Alaska, right? You want to build 
a road, a sidewalk, you usually get, you know, 12 radical far 
left environmental groups that sue to stop. We had the King 
Cove Road, we have only been trying to get that done for 40 
years, a nine mile single lane gravel road that every Democrat 
in the Country, including, God rest his soul, Jimmy Carter, 
said you can not build a road in Alaska.
    Then it went so bad, you had the Biden administration's 
last frontier lockup. My great State suffered through 70 
executive orders, and executive actions, from the Biden 
administration, singularly focused on Alaska. I like ripping 
this up because that is not the issue any more.
    We now have President Trump who issued his day one 
executive order called Unleashing Alaska's Extraordinary 
Resource Potential. Mr. Telle, as you and I discussed, there is 
a lot of great provisions in here. This is all about getting 
things done in Alaska, not crushing us, as the radical left 
wants to do.
    There is a really good provision about the Corps of 
Engineers. I am going to read it to you. The Assistant 
Secretary of the Army for Civil Works, that is you, shall 
immediately review, revise or rescind any agency action that 
may in any way hinder, slow, or otherwise delay any critical 
project in the State of Alaska. That is from the President.
    Will you commit to abide by that very expansive provision 
to get things done in my great State after, you know, 4 years 
of being crushed by the previous administration?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Sullivan, absolutely. When I visited 
your office, I tattooed the executive order that the President 
issue on Alaska on my heart.
    Senator Sullivan. That, by the way, that is a great answer.
    Mr. Telle. I will go ahead and read the second paragraph to 
you from memory, which essentially says that I shall if 
confirmed coordinate as closely with the Governor of Alaska as 
any human could possibly coordinate.
    Senator Sullivan. Good. The Senator from Alaska.
    Mr. Telle. Of course.
    Senator Sullivan. Okay. Just double checking on that.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Sullivan. We talked about the Juneau Glacial Lake 
outburst flooding. You want to talk about a unique issue in 
Alaska, we have had this flooding that pretty much happens now 
every summer. It is amazing it hasn't killed anybody. We need 
the Corps' help. This is a unique challenge. It is uniquely, 
the Corps is uniquely qualified to help us. You can not have 
flooding. I went and toured where this happened this past 
summer. Over 200 homes were flooded. This is, I mean, we got to 
fix it.
    The Corps initially said when I went to them, well, 
Senator, we are going to work on this. We think it will be 10 
years to study and fix this. Say what? That is the wrong 
answer.
    Can you commit to me and really importantly the citizens of 
Juneau, Alaska, that the Corps is going to bring its best minds 
in a very, very rapid way to help address this unique challenge 
that we really need the Corps' help on?
    Mr. Telle. Senator Sullivan, thank you for the question. I 
did fail to mention, as a part of my answer to your previous 
question, that Alaska is home to greater than 60 percent of the 
U.S.'s wetlands. It makes the work of the Corps of Engineers 
critically important, thus the need for the executive order.
    With regard to the glacial outburst issue in Juneau, you 
rightly point out that this is an issue that is brand new as 
far as I understand it to be in terms of flood risk management. 
It is going to require creativity----
    Senator Sullivan. Yes, it is.
    Mr. Telle:--and the Corps of Engineers was made to solve 
tough problems. I look forward to working with you with the 
surrounding communities to try to solve this challenge.
    Senator Sullivan. Great, thank you. In an expedited manner, 
not 10 years. That is just----
    Mr. Telle. In an expedited manner, Senator.
    Senator Sullivan. You and I talked about the Ambler Road, 
the Port of Nome, so I will just submit questions for the 
record. The Port of Nome has got bipartisan support. We do not 
have an Arctic port anywhere to push back on the Russian and 
Chinese aggression in my part of the State. That project, it is 
really important. We got to get over the finish line.
    Can I get your commitment to work with me and the others in 
this committee on that project? That is an interesting project. 
I mentioned you had your Senate Armed Services Committee, SASC, 
hearing yesterday. Environment and Public Works, EPW, and that 
is very much DOD, to be able to have Navy ships, icebreakers, 
be able to pull up to the Port of Nome. We do not have a port 
in the Arctic right now that can handle Navy ships and 
icebreakers.
    Mr. Telle. Senator Sullivan, one of the most strategic 
issues that confronts the United States of America today is our 
status as an Arctic and Antarctic nation. This is an area of 
the world that the Chinese Communist Party is very interested 
in. The Russians are very active. Your State is front and 
center to the United States of America's being an Arctic 
nation. We must be. It seems to me that if we are going to be 
an Arctic nation that Alaska ought to be one of the key 
launching points of that force projection and power projection 
and economic projection.
    I look forward to working with you to help make the case 
for the strategic nature of Alaska and the Port of Nome as it 
relates to the United States asserting itself as an Arctic 
nation.
    Senator Sullivan. Great. That's a great answer. I really 
appreciate your expertise on that.
    Finally, I am going to submit, Madam Chair, for the record, 
a number of other questions.
    Just, Mr. McMaster, I mentioned to you, we are a resource 
rich, infrastructure poor State. We have less road miles than 
Connecticut, and we are almost 120 times bigger. If Senator 
Whitehouse were here, I would say we are 491 times bigger than 
Rhode Island. He does not like when I say that, but it is true.
    Can I get your commitment to work with Alaska, this 
committee, our delegation, on permitting reform but also on 
just helping us build, right? We need more roads to resources. 
We need more roads to help our economy be stronger. That will 
help Alaska.
    When you unlock the resources of Alaska, it helps America.
    Mr. McMaster. Yes, Senator, absolutely. I know the Federal 
Highway Administration has a strong partnership with the State 
of Alaska. If I am confirmed, I look forward to looking for 
ways to even strengthen that.
    Senator Sullivan. For the record, we also have a couple 
grants on infrastructure from the Infrastructure Bill that have 
been frozen. I would like to work with you and your team on 
just getting these unfrozen. I have talked to Secretary Duffy 
about it. Can I get your commitment on that as well?
    Mr. McMaster. Absolutely.
    Senator Sullivan. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair.
    Senator Capito. Thank you. Senator Lummis?
    Senator Lummis. Thank you, Madam Chairman.
    Mr. Telle, first of all, congratulations on your nomination 
to oversee the Army Corps of Engineers. In Wyoming, we deal 
with the Corps so much we just call them the Corps, and 
everybody knows what we are talking about when we talk about 
the Corps. Right at the moment, we do not have any front page 
news projects with the Corps like my colleague from Alaska 
does. Did you call it a glacial outburst?
    Senator Sullivan. Yes, it is a very unique challenge that, 
it is almost like a glacier burping every summer and it floods 
in huge ways. It is a real challenge. We do not have that in a 
lot of other--I do not think West Virginia has glacial outburst 
issues.
    Senator Capito. We have outbursts, but they are not 
glacial.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Lummis. It is a spectacular country in that way, 
that it is so diverse. Of course, if you are trying to 
administer programs at the Federal Government level, it creates 
real challenges because of the nuances and uniqueness of this 
great country.
    I will just let you know that we do have some ongoing Corps 
needs and some potential projects in the pipeline and I will 
look forward to working with you on those when they arise.
    Mr. Telle. Senator Lummis, I look forward to it as well. As 
you clearly articulate, the wonderful thing about the position 
I have been nominated for is that it does reach into every 
corner of America, Wyoming, West Virginia, Alaska. I look 
forward to working with you on issues important to Wyoming.
    Senator Lummis. Thank you.
    Now, Mr. McMaster, good morning. Roads really are the 
lifeline in Wyoming. We have very little airplane traffic, 
obviously very little waterborne traffic. It is a State that is 
road-dependent. I think we will be spending a lot of time 
together. Thanks for your willingness to serve in this 
capacity. It is critical infrastructure in this country.
    The fact that you have Arizona roots helps you understand 
how vast our distances are, how challenging our terrain is, how 
extreme our weather can be. I know that is true in Arizona, it 
is very much more true in Wyoming. I for one thing can see that 
you understand how EV mandates do not work in Wyoming. Our 
elevations, our cold weather, and the distances that we have to 
travel just make EV mandates unworkable.
    There is 450 miles that I travel from my farm to my ranch. 
One, I can see the Idaho border from, the farm, and I am very 
close to the Colorado and Nebraska border on the ranch. I 
travel between them; I can not get between them on an EV 
charge. It is just not a practical solution for Wyoming.
    Additionally, you appreciate that Wyoming has a really 
short construction season, and that means projects can not 
afford to wait on Federal approvals or disbursements to get 
underway. We have this very, very narrow window for a 
construction season. It is, it creates a unique challenge for 
Wyoming. Even more unique than you might see in our adjacent 
States of Montana and Colorado.
    There are a couple of projects that are very, very front 
and center. Currently, the Wyoming Department of Transportation 
is seeking reimbursements for the Green River Tunnel in I-80. 
There was an absolutely horrific crash in that tunnel that did 
a great deal of damage to the tunnel. That tunnel is used by 
commercial truck traffic en masse every single day of the year.
    The other one is the Teton Pass issue. There is tremendous 
traffic between Driggs, Idaho, and Jackson, Wyoming. Nobody can 
afford to live in Jackson. The millionaires have now pushed the 
billionaires out of Jackson----
    Senator Capito. You mean the billionaires have pushed the 
millionaires.
    Senator Lummis. Well, I would have said that, but now the 
billionaires are coming down to Star Valley where I am because 
they want to get away from the millionaires and there are so 
many more millionaires. It is just the nuttiest place.
    None of the people that are providing accommodations and 
services to these millionaires can afford to live there. They 
are driving either from Star Valley, where I am, up to Jackson, 
on the roads or they are going over Teton Pass from Driggs, 
Idaho, to work in Jackson. That roads sloughed off, it just 
slid away. We have a temporary fix. The permanent fix for Teton 
Pass will be coming to your attention. I will look forward to 
working with you on that.
    Again, I want to commend you for your willingness to serve, 
your family's willingness to allow you to serve and support 
your service. You have a really strong transportation 
background, both in policy and administration, that are going 
to serve our Country well.
    You have to work with the States. You have to trust the 
States. Our administrators really do know boots on the ground 
what the issues are they have to deal with and can help guide 
you in how to help us, the old help me, help you.
    I want to ask you if you could take the remaining minute to 
talk about your priorities for FHWA.
    Mr. McMaster. Senator, I appreciate those comments, and I 
thoroughly enjoyed our conversation. I look forward to, if I am 
confirmed, working closely with the Wyoming Department of 
Transportation, but all States around the Country.
    As far as my priorities the FHWA, I think I look at it in 
four ways. The first and obviously the most important is to 
support the Secretary in his refocused mission on safety. I 
think that is critical. I expect if I am confirmed that the 
Federal Highway Administration will additionally strongly 
support that effort in a refocused manner.
    The second priority for me would be to advance expediting 
project delivery as quickly as possible. It has been raised 
multiple times here today. Time is money, as it relates to 
moving projects forward. There are limited resources available. 
The longer it takes the fewer projects we are actually able to 
realize.
    I would like to support the Secretary in his efforts to 
address the backlog initially while he is reducing regulatory 
burden on our project awardees, so that we can realize quicker, 
faster, more cost effective projects, and actually build rather 
than say we are going to build and move paper around.
    My third priority would be to strongly assist your critical 
work here in Congress as you look to reauthorize the Surface 
Transportation Bill. I have an acute appreciation for what that 
may require for you all, and I want to make sure that you 
understand that the Federal Highway Administration, if I am 
confirmed, will be a resource for you as you consider many 
different aspects of what that will mean.
    Then the fourth component I think for, as a priority for 
me, would be to make sure that the different viewpoints and 
unique needs around this Country are well reflected in the 
Federal policy at the USDOT. I look forward to supporting you 
all. Those would be my top kind of four areas of priority. It 
is an honor to potentially serve, and if I am confirmed, I look 
forward to following up with you on those priorities, and any 
other concerns or issues or priorities of your own you may 
have.
    Senator Lummis. Thank you, and I might mention one more 
priority I have, which is commercial truck parking. Obviously, 
with the Department of Labor limits on how long you can stay 
behind the wheel, 18-wheelers are struggling for places to park 
when they time out. Another member of this committee, the 
Senator from Arizona and I, are working on that together. We 
will look forward to those conversations with you as well.
    Thank you all, panel. Appreciate you.
    Senator Capito. Thank you, Senator Lummis.
    I want to thank the panelists. It has been a busy day, in 
and out. I am sure you are well aware of other obligations.
    I would ask unanimous consent to enter into the record 
letters of support for all the nominees today. Without 
objection, so ordered.
    [The referenced information follows:]
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    Senator Capito. With no further questions, I would like to 
thank you, as I just did, and also my colleagues for their 
participation this morning. Senators who wish to submit written 
questions for the record have until 5 p.m. next Wednesday, May 
21st--gosh, is it almost May 21st?--to do so. The nominees' 
responses to these questions are due back in the committee no 
later than 5 p.m. on Wednesday, May 28th, and will be admitted 
for the record.
    With that, this hearing is adjourned, and thank you all 
very much, and thank the families. Thank you.
    [Whereupon, at 12:18 p.m., the hearing was adjourned.]

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