[Senate Hearing 119-302]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                      S. Hrg. 119-302

                          AGING WITH PURPOSE:
                          THE POSITIVE IMPACT
                     OF SENIORS IN TODAY'S ECONOMY
=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                       SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS


                             FIRST SESSION

                               __________

                             WASHINGTON, DC

                               __________

                           DECEMBER 10, 2025

                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-21

         Printed for the use of the Special Committee on Aging
         
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]         


        Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov
                                __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
62-923 PDF                  WASHINGTON : 2026 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------     
        
        
                       SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING

                     RICK SCOTT, Florida, Chairman

DAVE McCORMICK, Pennsylvania         KIRSTEN E. GILLIBRAND, New York
JIM JUSTICE, West Virginia           ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts
TOMMY TUBERVILLE, Alabama            MARK KELLY, Arizona
RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin               RAPHAEL WARNOCK, Georgia
ASHLEY MOODY, Florida                ANDY KIM, New Jersey
JON HUSTED, Ohio                     ANGELA ALSOBROOKS, Maryland
                              ----------                              
                McKinley Lewis, Majority Staff Director
                Claire Descamps, Minority Staff Director
                         
                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                                                                   Page

Opening Statement of Senator Rick Scott, Chairman................     1
Opening Statement of Senator Kirsten E. Gillibrand, Ranking 
  Member.........................................................     3

                           PANEL OF WITNESSES

Jon Taffer, Chairman & CEO, Taffer Dynamics, Executive Producer & 
  Host, Paramount Network's "Bar Rescue," Las Vegas, Neveda......     4
Dr. Paul Broadie II, President, Santa Fe College, Gainesville, 
  Florida........................................................     5
Rachel Greszler, Senior Research Fellow, Workforce and Public 
  Finance, The Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC...............     7
Christine Osasu, Director, Senior Community Service Employment 
  Program, Legacy Link, Oakwood, Georgia.........................     9

                                APPENDIX
                      Prepared Witness Statements

Jon Taffer, Chairman & CEO, Taffer Dynamics, Executive Producer & 
  Host, Paramount Network's "Bar Rescue," Las Vegas, Neveda......    26
Dr. Paul Broadie II, President, Santa Fe College, Gainesville, 
  Florida........................................................    27
Rachel Greszler, Senior Research Fellow, Workforce and Public 
  Finance, The Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC...............    35
Christine Osasu, Director, Senior Community Service Employment 
  Program, Legacy Link, Oakwood, Georgia.........................    46

                        Questions for the Record

Jon Taffer, Chairman & CEO, Taffer Dynamics, Executive Producer & 
  Host, Paramount Network's "Bar Rescue," Las Vegas, Neveda......    50
Dr. Paul Broadie II, President, Santa Fe College, Gainesville, 
  Florida........................................................    51
Rachel Greszler, Senior Research Fellow, Workforce and Public 
  Finance, The Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC...............    52
Christine Osasu, Director, Senior Community Service Employment 
  Program, Legacy Link, Oakwood, Georgia.........................    54

                       Statements for the Record

AARP Statement...................................................    58
Lauren S. Marinaro, Esq., Statement..............................    64
National Academy of Elder Attorneys Statement....................    66
Ryann M. Siclari, Esq., Statement................................    68

 
                          AGING WITH PURPOSE:
                          THE POSITIVE IMPACT
                     OF SENIORS IN TODAY'S ECONOMY

                              ----------                              


                      Wednesday, December 10, 2025

                                        U.S. Senate
                                 Special Committee on Aging
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:32 p.m., Room 
216, Hart Senate Office Building, Hon. Rick Scott, Chairman of 
the Committee, presiding.
    Present: Senator Scott, Justice, Moody, Gillibrand, and 
Alsobrooks.

                 OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR 
                      RICK SCOTT, CHAIRMAN

    The Chairman. The U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging 
will now come to order. I want to thank all of you for being 
here.
    We've gathered to discuss a very important topic, not just 
for our aging community, but also for generations planning for 
retirement, and for those who won't be retiring for several 
decades. Today's hearing will focus on the beneficial impact of 
purpose in the lives of our seniors. I think that we'd all say 
that, right? We all want to have purpose and what we can do as 
elect officials to help foster a purpose-filled life for our 
aging constituents.
    We are lucky to be joined by expert witnesses who can speak 
to the impact of keeping seniors engaged in their communities 
through business, education, and volunteering. Now, aging 
Americans who remain engaged with purpose-driven lives create 
benefits for themselves and our economy. Purpose and 
fulfillment are powerful forces that enrich families, 
strengthen our communities, and support the health and 
longevity of our Nation and its people.
    Having a purpose is an essential part of the American 
dream. It has long been an indicator of both mental and 
physical well-being across all age groups. Purpose can be found 
in many things, including parenting, caring for loved ones, 
creating a business, and paid or volunteer work, but for 
seniors, many of whom are adjusting to retirement and life as 
empty nesters, purpose can sometimes seem hard to find. 
However, we should see this phase of life as a new chapter one 
where older Americans are empowered to stay active, pursue 
passions, and give back in ways that matter to them, all while 
reaping the rewards of connection, community, and better 
physical and mental well-being.
    Here's the reality for a lot of folks preparing for 
retirement. While we hope that every American spends their 
working years working their dream jobs, that's not always the 
case. Millions of Americans have great jobs, they save up for 
retirement, and they look forward to chasing the dreams that 
they might have put on pause in their golden years of 
retirement.
    What I want this Committee to think about today is how do 
we make sure that every American retiree can live their dreams 
in their older years? How do we make sure they can take that 
course at the local college that they've been wanting to take 
for too long? How do we make sure they can start that coffee 
shop or bookstore or bike shop they've always dreamed about? 
How do we make sure folks stay connected with their communities 
as they age and create value not only for themselves by keeping 
purpose in their lives, but also help mentor the next 
generation of leaders, coach the next generation of small 
business owners, and pass along their years of wisdom and 
experience in the process?
    Research shows that older adults who remain engaged, 
whether through volunteering, mentoring, or taking on new 
responsibilities, experience greater physical health, mental 
resilience, and life satisfaction. Community involvement, 
lifelong learning, and cross-generational connection are not 
just beneficial for the individuals involved, they foster a 
society where every generation thrives. Like I said before, for 
some it will be taking a class or a course to explore an area 
of interest, volunteering in the community, or dedicating time 
to pursue a new hobby.
    For many seniors, purpose will be found in continuing to 
work in some capacity. This could be in their previous 
business, as a new part-time employee at a place they enjoy 
frequently frequenting, or even branching out and starting 
something new. We need to remove the red tape that hampers or 
discourages older Americans from continuing work or starting 
new businesses or careers. We also need to ensure we're 
removing regulations and creating an economic environment that 
fosters flourishing and keeps inflation down.
    We need to ensure that older Americans and future 
generations can face retirement with a sense of financial 
security and not a fear of inflation outpacing their nest egg. 
This way, seniors are only working if they want to, not because 
they have to. The only way to ensure this is to get the 
government out of the way. We did this in Florida by cutting 
taxes and costly and unnecessary regulations. We managed to 
turn the economy around making it a beacon for businesses and 
those wanting a full and purposeful life.
    To remind you as Governor, we cut taxes more than a hundred 
times and slash more than 5,000 burdens from regulations. We 
cut the time it took to get your license or permit from the 
State of Florida from weeks to days. Florida businesses added 
1.7 million jobs. We paid down more than $10 billion of our 
debt, and we managed to increase the efficiency of government 
to provide additional services for our citizens and our state, 
including for our seniors.
    Because of these policies, Florida's well known as a place 
that thousands and thousands of retirees' flock to every year, 
especially this time of year escaping less financially 
hospitable climates. In Florida, their dollars go farther and 
they have communities and opportunities to experience 
connection and fulfillment. Cutting taxes and creating a 
freedom loving environment allows our senior citizens to thrive 
and our retired citizens to enjoy the retirement that they work 
so hard for. It allows our aging constituents the freedom and 
stability to pursue their passions and build a life of purpose 
and fulfillment.
    I look forward to a productive and meaningful conversation 
on this important topic. Now, I'd like to recognize the Ranking 
Member from New York, Senator Gillibrand, for her opening 
statement.

                 OPENING STATEMENT OF SENATOR 
             KIRSTEN E. GILLIBRAND, RANKING MEMBER

    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you, Chairman Scott, and thank 
you to the witnesses.
    Older adults have tremendous wisdom, work ethic, skills, 
and really contribute to the economy. This was certainly the 
case with one of my former staffers. I had a staffer named Geri 
Shapiro who worked for Secretary Clinton when she was Senator 
and then worked for me when I became Senator. Geri worked well 
into her eighties, maybe even her nineties, as the head of our 
Westchester regional office. She was the resident expert on the 
nuclear facility. She took all the meetings about Indian Point. 
She was one of the most knowledgeable, thoughtful, and wise 
leaders we had in our office.
    I know that no matter what someone's age is, they can still 
contribute meaningfully to the work of any organization, any 
community, and any company. Many people want to return to work 
for mental stimulation or community involvement, but too often 
people return to work out of financial necessity. This is 
especially true for 42 percent of private sector employees who 
do not have access to employer retirement plans, and 44 percent 
who do not participate regardless. Another factor compounding 
this financial need is the reality that many people step back 
from working and saving to care for children or aging parents.
    Today, you'll hear about the Senior Community Service 
Employment Program or SCSEP. SCSEP is an Older Americans Act 
program that helps older adults who face the most pressing 
barriers to employment, such as those who are homeless or have 
a disability, find meaningful work that they enjoy. SCSEP does 
fantastic work to train and place older adults in meaningful 
employment. It also serves as another reminder about why 
passing the Older Americans Act reauthorization is so 
important.
    I look forward to hearing from our witnesses today about 
the importance of the SCSEP program and the incredible 
contributions that older adults provide in our workforce.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Ranking Member.
    I'd now like to introduce our first witness, Jon Taffer. He 
is a renowned entrepreneur, hospitality expert, and television 
personality with nearly four decades of experience transforming 
businesses and revitalizing communities. As the host of the hit 
series Bar Rescue, Mr. Taffer has become a household name for 
his hands-on approach to helping struggling businesses reach 
their full potential.
    Beyond his business acumen, Jon is deeply committed to 
community engagement and philanthropy. Through his ventures 
such as Taffer's Tavern, he has championed initiatives that 
support veterans and local nonprofits whose primary goal is to 
make their communities a better place to live and work.
    He is living proof that business and community involvement 
in your senior years is a path to power of purpose as insights 
and experience are invaluable for our discussion here today. 
Thank you for being here. You may begin your testimony.

        STATEMENT OF JON TAFFER, CHAIRMAN & CEO, TAFFER

         DYNAMICS, EXECUTIVE PRODUCER & HOST, PARAMOUNT

           NETWORK'S "BAR RESCUE," LAS VEGAS, NEVEDA

    Mr. Taffer. Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and 
members of the Committee, thank you for the opportunity to be 
here today. It's an honor to speak with you on a topic that's 
not only timely, but personal: aging with purpose.
    I started in hospitality in 1973 as a bartender at Barney's 
Beanery in Hollywood, California. Five years later, I was 
running the Troubadour nightclub, where legends took the stage 
and music history was made. By the 1980's, I was operating my 
own bar, and since then I've owned 17 different hospitality 
businesses. These days I'm perhaps known as the executive 
producer and host of Bar Rescue. What I do on that show is 
really about one thing, helping people find their purpose 
again, often when they've lost all hope.
    I've been fortunate to work with hundreds of business 
owners on Bar Rescue, many of whom were hanging on by a thread 
financially, emotionally, and many times both. What turns 
things around for them isn't just better finances or improved 
operations, it's when people reconnect with a sense of purpose, 
when they remember why they started, and who they're doing it 
for, and it doesn't just apply to business owners, it applies 
to all of us, especially as we age.
    I've seen firsthand the moment when a senior regains a 
sense of purpose. I change the lives of seniors so often, 
whether it's through my show, mentorship programs, volunteer 
work, or even rejoining the workforce. When they see hope and 
feel accomplishment, they light up. Their posture changes, 
their eyes light up. Everything about them changes in all of 
their mannerisms and outlooks. Their energy, commitment, and 
attitude often rival employees half their age.
    Many people lose purpose in phases. First, the kids leave 
home, then later they retire. Maybe they lose their home, they 
stop mowing their lawn. Without the structure of a job, co-
workers, or daily goals, they're left unanchored. We spend 
decades striving, raising families, building careers, solving 
problems, and suddenly that drive doesn't have anywhere to go. 
It disappears.
    When even a small sense of accomplishment or a chance to 
help someone reenters their lives, when they become part of a 
team again, or offer guidance to someone just starting out, 
it's powerful. It changes lives, and I've seen it hundreds of 
times, and in some cases, it extends those lives.
    This isn't just anecdotal. Research shows people who have a 
sense of purpose live longer, healthier lives. Purpose improves 
mental health, physical health, and overall quality of life, 
and seniors are a massive, often overlooked reservoir of 
knowledge, skill, and mentorship just waiting to be activated.
    In hospitality for example, immigrant business owners 
account for approximately 40 percent of the industry. They're 
often self-taught operating with passion, with little formal 
business training. Imagine pairing these owners with retired 
professionals who spent their careers, managing teams, 
overseeing logistics, or running companies. This is a win-win. 
The business gets expert advice. The seniors get purpose, 
respect, and a chance to make an impact.
    I applaud the work already being done by the Small Business 
Administration and local chambers of commerce to support 
mentorship, but the demand far exceeds the supply. SCORE, the 
Service Corps of Retired business Rxecutives is a good example 
which could use more resources. We need to make it easier and 
more rewarding for seniors to step back into these roles or 
even part-time or volunteer basis. The strength of this country 
isn't found in a boardroom. Nope. It's not even found here in 
the Senate. I dare to say it's found in a 34 million small 
businesses across America that are part of their communities 
that provide purpose, and in the millions of experienced 
Americans who are ready to contribute, if only we give them the 
opportunity.
    Purpose is what gets us up every morning, and everyone 
deserves to feel that purpose. Whether you're 22 or 72. Helping 
others gives me purpose. Seeing dreams come back to life when 
people think all is lost is one of the most meaningful things 
I've done in my career. On tv, it may look like I have all the 
answers, but I'm still learning every day. What I do have is 40 
years of hard-earned lessons, and I'm here today to share what 
I've learned, that age is not the end of value, it's the 
multiplier of it.
    Thank you, and I look forward to your questions.
    The Chairman. Thank you. We all like your show.
    Mr. Taffer. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Also from the great State of Florida, I'd 
like to introduce Dr. Paul Broadie. He's been the President of 
Santa Fe College in Gainesville, Florida since February 2020. 
Throughout his career, he has been recognized for his wave room 
commitment to student success, innovation, and community 
engagement. Under his leadership, Santa Fe College has 
continued its tradition of academic excellence and expanded its 
reach as an institution for both academic and workforce 
education programs.
    His vision for Santa Fe College is rooted in the pillars of 
student success, institutional growth, innovation, and 
meaningful partnerships. His leadership is marked by a deep 
belief in the transformative power of education and a 
commitment to shattering barriers that impede student success. 
Thank you for being here, and please begin your testimony.

         STATEMENT OF DR. PAUL BROADIE II, PRESIDENT, 
             SANTA FE COLLEGE, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA

    Dr. Broadie. Thank you. Chairman Scott, Ranking Member 
Gillibrand, and members of the Committee, thank you for the 
opportunity to speak with you today, and thank you for 
centering this topic on an area that deeply resonates with the 
work that we do at Santa Fe College and Community Colleges 
across the Nation.
    I want to thank Senator Scott and Senator Moody for their 
ongoing commitment to expanding educational opportunities in 
Florida. The Florida Public University and college system has 
been ranked number one in the Nation for the past nine years. 
Our state has kept tuition low and outcomes high, and our 
community colleges have played a vital role in ensuring that 
learning remains accessible at every age and every stage of 
life.
    At Santa Fe College and at our community colleges across 
the country, older adults are not simply participants in 
lifelong learning. They're contributors to the workforce, 
they're mentors, they're role models, and they are tremendous 
sources of wisdom for the students and the institutions around 
them.
    Last year alone, more than 90,000 Americans, aged 50 and 
older earned a degree or certificate from a community college. 
That reflects a powerful truth: older adults want to keep 
learning. They want to remain engaged, and they want to stay 
connected to a changing world. Community colleges are uniquely 
positioned to support these individuals. At Santa Fe College, 
more than 1200 of our degree seeking students are over the age 
of 40. They are enrolled in programs such as health sciences, 
IT, the trades, short term certifications, and apprenticeship 
programs.
    At our business incubators and business incubators across 
the Nation, community colleges are housing older Americans who 
are exploring how to turn their passions into businesses. At 
Santa Fe College, we currently have 11 entrepreneurs in their 
40's, 50's, and 60's, planning to launch a new business from 
our business incubator. Stories like these are not rare. 
They're part of the community college mission. Our commitment 
to older adults also includes programs that help families in 
those experiencing life transitions.
    Santa Fe Colleges workforce award-winning program, ACB 
Excel provides a two-generation model where we target 
unemployed and underemployed individuals who are mostly over 
the age of 40, and we provide them with short-term rapid 
credentialing so that they can thrive in the workforce. These 
individuals over the years, we've done it four years in a row 
and the job placement rate has been a 100 percent. That 
provides family stability for these individuals.
    Another cornerstone of our efforts, are programs like our 
Displaced Homemaker program. Over the past 40 years, we've put 
4,500 individuals into our Displaced Homemaker program and 
allowed them to reenter the workforce after the death of a 
spouse, a divorce, or a major event. Programs like this provide 
an economic pathway to stability.
    Nationally, 63 percent of our veteran students are aged 30 
or older. Santa Fe College and colleges across the Nation 
provide vital avenues for veterans to transition from military 
service to civilian careers. Beyond degrees, Colleges across 
the Nation are offering a wide array of non-credit community 
education courses to help older adults learn new skills, 
explore hobbies, and start new businesses. Nearly 65 percent of 
our community education participants are over the age of 50.
    Florida, and many other states also offer the opportunity 
for residents aged 60 and older to audit academic courses free 
of charge. These students receive high access to quality 
instruction without a financial barrier. We also partner with 
retirement communities and assisted living centers to bring 
educational experiences directly into the facilities for the 
older learners, and our older adults, they volunteer on our 
campuses, they serve on our advisory boards, and they volunteer 
to teach at our institutions.
    As this Committee considers the impact of seniors in 
today's economy, I encourage you to continue recognizing and 
investing in the vital role that community colleges play. We 
are the most accessible point of entry into higher education. 
We are local, we are affordable, we are flexible, and we are 
deeply connected to the communities that we serve. With a 
modest investment in community colleges, we can scale programs 
that support workforce reentry, re-skill individuals, enable 
individuals to launch new careers, improve mental engagement, 
reduce social isolation, and promote lifelong learning.
    Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and members of 
the Committee, when we invest in lifelong learning, we 
strengthen our workforce and we build communities where every 
individual, regardless of age, has the opportunity to learn, 
contribute, and flourish.
    Thank you for your time and your continued commitment to 
America's older adults. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Thank you for your testimony. Santa Fe has 
been really successful for a long time. Jackson Sasser did a 
good job, and you're doing a great job.
    I'd like to welcome back before the Committee, Rachel 
Greszler. She's a nationally recognized expert on workforce, 
retirement, and fiscal policy. She's a senior research fellow 
at the Heritage Foundation. She has spent over a decade 
analyzing, advising on issues such as fiscal policy, pensions, 
and labor policy. Before joining Heritage in 2013, she served 
as a senior economist for the Joint Economic Committee of 
Congress for seven years.
    Her research is marked by a commitment to promoting 
economic growth, individual freedom, and fiscal responsibility. 
Her expectation and passion for practical people-focused 
solutions make her an invaluable resource for today's 
discussion on the role of purpose, responsibility, and 
engagement in later life.
    Thanks for being here and look forward to your testimony.

         STATEMENT OF RACHEL GRESZLER, SENIOR RESEARCH

             FELLOW, WORKFORCE AND PUBLIC FINANCE,

            THE HERITAGE FOUNDATION, WASHINGTON, DC

    Ms. Greszler. Thank you. Chairman Scott, Ranking Member 
Gillibrand, and members of the Committee, good afternoon and 
thank you for the opportunity to be here today.
    I would like to focus on three points in my remarks. First, 
is that demographic shifts mean that older Americans are 
increasingly vital contributors to our economy. Second, 
cultural ails cry out for older generations to impart their 
wisdom, judgment, and resilience on younger generations, and 
third, policymakers should make it easier for older Americans 
to remain engaged in meaningful activities.
    Older Americans currently make up a greater share of the 
population and of the workforce than ever before, and that 
trend will continue amidst a declining fertility rate, rising 
life expectancies, and the aging of the baby boomers. By 2034, 
there will be for the first time in history, more seniors in 
America than there are children. The good news is that older 
Americans labor force participation has been rising, and 
because of health improvements as well as less physically 
demanding jobs, studies show that there's room for even greater 
expansion.
    When I think about aging with purpose, I think about a 
gentleman named Clement Troutman. Clement had a long and 
successful career in the Navy, and then as a defense 
contractor. Instead of retiring early, Clement decided at age 
60 to pursue his dream of owning his own business, and he 
opened a tropical smoothie cafe. Having turned 67 on Monday of 
this week, Clement now operates that cafe, which is one of the 
chain's most successful stores, alongside his daughter and he 
also opened two more stores in 2025.
    Now, these stores are clearly improving the economy, but 
equally important is that Clements continued engagement is 
improving people's lives. I can't give justice to the passion 
and the joy that Clement has for his employees, or the positive 
impact that I imagine he's having on them, other than to say, I 
wish that my two teenage sons could be working for him.
    Clement actually says he doesn't have employees. Rather, he 
has team members. They're his dream team, and whether they are 
high schoolers working part-time, or single parents providing 
for their families, Clement sits down twice a year with each of 
his team members to give them feedback on their work and see 
how he can help them to reach their goals.
    This influence of older generations setting standards and 
mentoring younger ones is a prescription for reversing some of 
society's most troubling trends. A recent Understanding America 
study revealed the single biggest decline of any character 
trait in recorded history, and that decline is in 
conscientiousness among younger Americans ages 16 to 39. 
Younger people today are more careless and distracted. They're 
less tenacious and resilient. They make fewer commitments, and 
they often fail to follow through on the ones that they do 
make.
    There are also four million fewer young people working 
today than there were in 2000. Perhaps more than ever, younger 
Americans need to engage with and learn from older Americans, 
and while policymakers can't force these continued connections, 
they can remove obstacles that make it harder for older 
Americans to stay engaged. One way to do that is by eliminating 
Social Security's retirement earnings test. These little-known 
and outdated earnings test effectively takes away $1 in Social 
Security benefits for $2 in every earnings over $23,000 per 
year if those individuals are under age 67.
    Now that can lead to marginal tax rates as high as 84 
percent on middle income seniors, which not surprisingly causes 
many of them to work less than they would otherwise choose to. 
Eliminating the earnings test would increase employment, 
increase incomes and economic output, and it would boost tax 
revenues and actually improve Social Security solvency. It 
would also eliminate all the confusion that seniors face with 
this test, and it would make the Social Security 
administration's job a lot easier. This could also offer a rare 
bipartisan solution. After all the last time that Congress 
addressed the earnings test in 2000, they passed a fully 
bipartisan bill.
    The Modern Worker Empowerment Act is another bill that 
would make it easier for seniors to transition from traditional 
employment into flexible contract-based work, and Senator 
Scott's Health Freedom Accounts proposal would allow 
individuals, including seniors to directly receive federal 
healthcare subsidy and health savings accounts that they own 
and that they can use for future healthcare costs instead of 
that money going to insurers, even if they don't spend it on 
healthcare.
    Nothing I'm advocating requires any more or any less 
government spending. By simply removing existing barriers, 
policymakers can make it easier for seniors to strengthen the 
economy and the fabric of society.
    Thank you, and I look forward to your questions.
    The Chairman. Thank you. Good job.
    Now, I'd like to recognize the Ranking Member Gillibrand to 
introduce the next witness.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you, Chairman Scott. I want to 
move to introduce our next witness, Christine Osasu. Ms. Osasu 
has been director of the Senior Community Service Employment 
Program at Legacy Link, Oakwood, Georgia for the past three 
years where she champions economic opportunity and workforce 
inclusion for older adults across Georgia.
    Ms. Osasu expanded Legacy Link's reach through targeted 
digital empowerment programs, helping older adults build 
essential technology skills for today's job market. Previously, 
she was the director of Strategic Marketing Communications 
Grant Development at Habitat for Humanity of Hall County.
    Ms. Osasu, you may begin your testimony.

            STATEMENT OF CHRISTINE OSASU, DIRECTOR,

              SENIOR COMMUNITY SERVICE EMPLOYMENT

             PROGRAM, LEGACY LINK, OAKWOOD, GEORGIA

    Ms. Osasu. Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and 
distinguished members of the Committee, thank you for this 
opportunity. It is a privilege afforded to very few to speak 
before this esteemed body, and I do so with both deep gratitude 
and a profound responsibility to the seniors in my community. 
Their stories deserve to be heard, and I'm honored to share a 
few of them with you today.
    My name is Christine Osasu, and for the past 10 years, I 
have served Georgia's most vulnerable populations. First at the 
Habitat for Humanity and for the last four years as the 
director of the Senior Community Service Employment Program at 
the Legacy Link, a non-profit area agency on aging. Our SCESP 
program serves 107 counties as a proud sub-grantee of the 
National Council on Aging.
    Today, I'm here to share how SCSEP has transformed lives, 
empowering older adults to reenter the workforce, reclaim their 
confidence, affirm their value, pay taxes, and take meaningful 
steps toward self-sufficiency. I'm also here to share the 
devastating impact of the four and a half month funding pause, 
a crisis that left nearly 30,000 seniors across the country in 
limbo without income, structure, or support. I'm grateful to 
ranking member Gillibrand for leading a group letter, 
addressing the funding delay, and to Chairman Scott and Ranking 
Member Gillibrand for their bipartisan efforts to reintroduce 
the Older Americans Act reauthorization.
    SCSEP authorized under the OAA, is a federally funded job 
training program for low-income seniors age 55 and up. It 
operates much like a paid internship, providing seniors hands-
on training at nonprofit and government agencies. Host agencies 
gain skill dedicated workers at no cost, many of whom 
transition into permanent roles. Investing in seniors means 
investing in experience, reliability, and resilience. Seniors 
are valuable, capable members of the workforce who enrich every 
organization they join.
    When given the opportunity, these older workers support 
themselves with dignity, reducing reliance on public 
assistance. Mrs. Plant, age 59 shared her story. "After losing 
my husband to COVID in 2020, I became homeless. Bouncing 
between shelters and motels. SCSEP helped me stabilize my life. 
It allowed me to cover basic needs, pursue training in medical 
coding, and give back by serving meals at the soup kitchen. 
Without it, I'd be at risk of losing everything again."
    The critical role of SCSEP was apparent this year. The 
Department of Labor's delay in releasing SCSEP funds furloughed 
thousands of participants and dismantled the program's 
infrastructure nationwide. The participants who faced this 
leave without pay, suffer through missed meals, skipped 
medications, unstable housing, grandchildren going without 
school supplies, and growing uncertainty about the future, 
especially as they were not eligible for unemployment, and 
we're still rebuilding from this setback.
    To some, a 7.25 an hour training wage may seem 
insignificant, but for someone surviving on less than $1,600 
per month, this paid training is a bridge to financial 
security. A short while into the pause, an undeliverable letter 
led to an unexpected heartbreak. When I called the participant 
to verify his address, he said, "Ms. Christine, I wish I could 
give you an updated address, but I don't have one. I couldn't 
pay for my housing. I've maxed out my time in the shelter, and 
now I'm living in a tent."
    Regardless of income, seniors face persistent age 
discrimination in the workforce. Imagine applying for a job 
without an email or computer skills, a reality for many 
seniors. SCSEP provides tools and training to overcome those 
barriers. Last year, we launched a digital empowerment program 
giving participants tablets and tech training, opening doors to 
jobs and independence. SCSEP delivers a strong return on 
investment by preparing seniors for meaningful employment, 
benefiting not just the individual, but society at large.
    Beyond financial security, SCSEP reduces social isolation 
and boost mental and physical health, creating healthy, 
engaged, older adults, a vital asset for our economy. With the 
right tools and opportunities, seniors don't just participate, 
they lead, mentor, and multiply impact. SCSEP is the key to 
stronger businesses, reduced public spending, and a more 
inclusive and resilient workforce.
    Thank you for your commitment to our seniors. I urge you to 
remain diligent in the fight for a better world for older 
Americans because we are all aging and we deserve to age well.
    The Chairman. Thank you very much. Now we're going to start 
with questions with Senator Moody.
    Senator Moody. Thank you, Chairman Scott, Ranking Member 
Gillibrand, you have done such a great job of holding these 
hearings and making them relevant to the issues that seniors 
are facing today, and I commend you for that.
    I don't know that the Aging Committee has ever been this 
active, and I think it's fabulous. Coming from the Silver 
State, the great free State of Florida, Senator Scott and I are 
grateful and we're getting a lot out of these hearings. Thank 
you to our amazing witnesses here today. I will note that two 
of them are Floridians. One more recent than the other, but 
certainly two are Floridians.
    I wanted to start talking about a stat that workers ages 55 
or older have been the fastest growing age group in the labor 
force for more than two decades making up 24 percent of the 
U.S. workforce in 2022, and they're going to continue to be a 
vibrant part of our workforce. I don't think this is changing 
anytime soon as we heard from one of our witnesses who provided 
some great stats. Some never left the workforce. I think we 
heard testimony of a specific case where they went straight 
from retiring from a defense contractor into owning a tropical 
smoothie. They never leave. There's never a break, and others 
are trying to reenter the workforce. Some will face barriers to 
that reentry.
    We are hearing from institutions like Santa Fe Community 
College or State College to talk about how they're assisting in 
filling those learning gaps or helping retrain or re-skill 
people to enter back into the workforce and offer training for 
older adults, and while older adults can obtain the necessary 
skills to succeed in the workforce, they can find employment, 
expand their businesses, and build a community while supporting 
themselves.
    One of the things Mr. Broadie I think that's so great about 
what you've done since you took over at Santa Fe, is you were 
very focused not on the traditional array of available degrees 
like associate's degrees, bachelor degrees, but you were 
focused also on reskilling and upskilling opportunities, and I 
think that you stated that you have been working with older 
Floridians to receive credentialing and even other skills to 
enter back into the workforce.
    Just quickly, what is the primary motivating factor of 
those that are seeking to do that at Santa Fe in their senior 
years?
    Dr. Broadie. The majority of them, it's a second career and 
it's primarily focused on income, sustaining themselves 
financially. We launched a CDL program, 46 percent of 
participants were aged 50 and older. It was short term, so they 
don't want to necessarily spend getting an associate's degree. 
They want to do something short term that provides a financial 
stability for themselves.
    Senator Moody. I noticed that you--and I don't know that 
you talked about this in your testimony, but in your biography, 
you talked about offering scholarships for short term 
credentialing. Are those also available for older Floridians?
    Dr. Broadie. Yes. The ACB program that I spoke about is 
open to all individuals that are unemployed and underemployed, 
but that is fully funded by philanthropic dollars and the 
majority of participants in there are older adults.
    Senator Moody. I want to commend you for thinking outside 
the traditional educational opportunities at our state colleges 
and community colleges, even our universities. I think for so 
long we have thought about college meaning one thing and trade 
school or skills development, meaning something else, but in 
reality, both are trying to skill people to enter into a 
workforce.
    If we're entering into a time period, and I believe it's 
been banged into people's heads for so long that they should go 
to college to be successful, and we've got to unwind what that 
means. Success is actually getting a skill to be able to 
provide for your family and having purpose in your life.
    I love the colleges and institutions that are saying, okay, 
what are our workforce demands right now in our area or in our 
state? What are our companies and our businesses saying we need 
this to thrive, we need this type of workforce, this skilled 
workforce. I'm loving that colleges are thinking about, okay, 
if they need these skills and if maybe these have been 
credentialed and maybe different type of certificate program or 
other type of program in the past, how can we blend that 
together with a college degree and earn credits toward an AA? 
Maybe they could start working right away and continue on and 
get a degree later if they want, but it goes toward that.
    Do you find that that's attractive not just to seniors, but 
also younger folks that maybe really have that pull to go to a 
college or a community college or even a university but yet 
want to start working and want to get a trade and maybe do both 
at the same time?
    Dr. Broadie. That is very attractive, and one of the things 
that we strategically do is we work very closely, you mentioned 
it, with business and industry and we develop programs that are 
matched to the needs of business and industry, and then we 
create these stackable opportunities where you can get a 
jumpstart, you can get out into the workforce, and then you can 
come back to us and finish your degree, while you're working.
    Senator Moody. Do it while you're in the workforce, right?
    Dr. Broadie. Yes.
    Senator Moody. I want to commend you for that, for 
thinking--I noticed with your background and your initiative 
since you took over, of course you're thinking outside the box 
in the great free State of Florida, that's what we do. That's 
why we're the number one college and university system in the 
Nation, but I really do think we have to start thinking about 
that for all of our colleges and universities.
    If kids are drawn and seniors, really any stage of life, 
are drawn to an educational institution, but want to get a 
valuable trade and skill to work, how can we start blending 
those? I really commend you for taking that step and making 
that available and the great city of Gainesville, Florida. 
Thank you.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Senator Moody. I'll turn it over 
to Ranking Member Gillibrand.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you very much. I want to talk 
about the funding freeze for the SCSEP program. Since this 
hearing was originally scheduled for July, the SCSEP program 
has experienced a four-and-a-half-month delay in federal 
funding. This funding lapse was devastating, not only for SCSEP 
staff, but also for program participants who saw SCSEP as the 
last hope to rejoin the workforce.
    As we heard earlier, for one older adult, this funding 
lapse cost them their home. This year, billions in federal 
funding have been delayed, withheld, and sometimes canceled 
completely. The pain this causes is not abstract. It hurts real 
people and especially the most vulnerable.
    Ms. Osasu, can you please talk about the impact of this 
funding lapse on your program and the older adults it serves? 
Can you also elaborate on why this shouldn't happen again?
    Ms. Osasu. Thank you, Ranking Member Gillibrand. The harm 
of the funding pause cannot be overstated. The delay stripped 
away hope from a people that were already very fragile, and in 
most cases, SCSEP was the first employment opportunity that had 
said yes to them in a very long time, in a long string of nos, 
and when something like that happens, the harm is immediate. As 
you know, this meant homelessness for some, others it meant 
rationing their medication. One woman told me about how she was 
splitting her pills and taking one here and one there instead 
of taking the recommended amount because she didn't have 
funding any longer.
    It also took a mental toll on my participants who many of 
them shared their suicidal ideation, their total loss of hope. 
They didn't know what was going to happen. This was their 
connection to the community. This was their income. This 
informed every section of their life, and although the funds 
were eventually released, the damage was already done. 
Restoring funding didn't magically make their homelessness now 
go away. It didn't cure the harm of that profound loss of hope, 
and it should have never happened.
    Programs like SCSEP are not luxuries they are investments 
in vulnerable populations and older adults and investments into 
our community, and when the funding is paused for any of these 
necessary programs, the price is paid in human suffering, and 
once the damage is done, there are no quick fixes.
    Senator Gillibrand. In combating homelessness, this past 
July, after sending a letter to the Department of Labor 
demanding the administration release the SCSEP funding, I held 
a listening session and heard from over 70 older adults about 
the impact of the SCSEP funding pause on their careers and 
daily lives. During this listening session, people talked about 
the incredible purpose SCSEP gave them, as well as the tangible 
impact it had on their financial health.
    SCSEP serves people who have faced the most pressing 
lifelong barriers to savings and employment. Can you share any 
other stories about the SCSEP that SCSEP has helped people and 
what ways it made a difference in lifting them out of their 
dire circumstances and specifically combating homelessness?
    Ms. Osasu. Thank you, Ranking Member Gillibrand for the 
question. The first person that comes to mind for me is a woman 
that I met in a rural mountain county in North Georgia. When we 
first spoke, she was living in a tent on a mountainside. She 
was clearly embarrassed of her situation. She was bathing in 
perfume, doing the best she could to present herself in a 
favorable light despite her situation. She was ashamed. She 
told me how embarrassed she was to talk to her children. It put 
this void in her life. She wasn't proud of herself and what was 
going on.
    SCSEP, we partnered with her. We worked step by step to 
untangle these complex problems that people in poverty have, 
and through her SCSEP job training program, we were able to 
first find her a host agency where she could receive that paid 
job training. She began training as a receptionist and then we 
found her a room share situation so she had a place to live, so 
it was just kind of each little piece at a time.
    Tthat's what we do in SCSEP, is we identify their barriers. 
We make a personalized job training plan and it has to address 
all of those issues because you can't have a person get a job 
if they are homeless, if they are not showering, if there's a 
transportation issue. Transportation came up as well. Her truck 
broke down. We worked with the host agency to be able to get 
her a bus ticket so that she could get back and forth where she 
needed to go.
    If you met that woman today, you would have no idea that 
she was living on a mountainside in North Georgia with these 
types of problems, because she was able to rebuild her life, 
but she needed the extra help. She was never going to do it on 
her own. She needed a social worker to work through each of 
those individual issues.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you.
    Ms. Osasu. Yes, ma'am.
    The Chairman. Senator Justice.
    Senator Justice. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member, 
thank our witnesses. Now I'm going to go a little bit different 
way because I'm not much of a politician and I'm a new kid on 
the block here that's got a lot of white hair and maybe a 
little bit of wisdom, but a whole lot of white hair.
    Let me just say just this. If you could just think about 
this, in the State of West Virginia where I'm from, there's 
lots and lots and lots of seniors with lots and lots of 
challenges and we all know that and everything. A lot of these 
seniors are not quietly going into being seniors and they 
absolutely desire so much, but absolutely we some way, somehow 
have gotten completely away from it in my book.
    You see, I think they want hope and they want belief and 
they want interaction and they want goodness with young people. 
They have an ability to contribute that's off the charts. We 
need to quit teaching them how to play shuffleboard or teaching 
them how to knit or teaching them how to be together with one 
another. They don't want to be with other seniors. For god's 
sake, for a living they want to be with kids. They want to be, 
believe it or not, with baby dog, they want to be absolutely 
with a purpose, with a challenge.
    I wish to goodness we'd rename them instead of calling them 
seniors, we'd call them wisdom. Because really and truly, why 
should they be labeled? Labeled, "Oh, those are just seniors, 
you know, they're very limited in what they can do." Well, I 
don't believe that. I've never believed that. They could give 
us so much it is unbelievable, and in so many situations we 
just back away, and then we struggle with all the different 
challenges that they may have, and they surely do have so many 
obstacles. They're forgotten in too many ways.
    We absolutely should remember that forevermore. Again, all 
you witnesses are fantastic, and I salute the great job you do 
in every way. You know, I've seen Brother Jon in action, you 
know, and I commend you beyond belief because you're doing 
something where you're stepping up. You're stepping up after 
you're phenomenally, phenomenally, you know, successful in 
every way, but then you're giving back and you're stepping up 
and you're getting so many people involved it's unbelievable.
    You know, I'd just like to just say this. First of all, 
thank you to all. Jon, especially thank you to you. Let me just 
ask just this. In West Virginia, we're growing in hospitality 
like crazy, tourism is exploding in lots of different ways. You 
need workers, you need absolute workers. You love to have 
skilled workers. You love to have people that are genuinely 
concerned and value the job.
    You know, my question would be just really simple. You 
know, how have you found and filled those positions? How, 
absolutely can you tell us how you can work through the wickets 
on the workforce gaps? Can you tell us just how strong the 
contributors are when you get the right folks of our wisdom, 
not our seniors, on day one?
    Mr. Taffer. Thank you for the question, Senator Justice. A 
quick story on what you said. Years ago when I was young and 
not as wise as I am today, I had a senior mentor who walked 
with a walker, and we would take walks together from place to 
place, and I would ask questions and he would mentor me during 
these walks. And as a young individual, I got so frustrated by 
the pace of his walking until one day I realized, wait a 
minute. The slower he walks, the more questions I can ask, the 
more time I have to interact. And I learned to appreciate that 
slow walk and the benefit I had once I had that realization was 
very powerful to me.
    You know, another story, sir, if I can I owned a restaurant 
years ago that was losing a lot of money. I had tried a number 
of managers and in my industry, finding management and human 
resources has been a challenge for us for many years. There was 
a gentleman who retired as an auto mechanic. He was almost 70 
years old. He couldn't work with his hands anymore like he used 
to.
    You know, he knew supply, he knew training, he knew running 
a business. He knew customer service. I gave this man the keys 
to my restaurant. From losing over 200,000 a year, I started 
making about 300,000 a year in almost no time. The employees 
loved him. He elevated the team. He was a person of respect and 
integrity. I share that there's a whole bunch of seniors that 
are impacted.
    The relationship with SBA to the mission of this Committee 
is important too. As I travel across the country, I've helped 
thousands of small businesses in almost every state of our 
union. Every demographic, every market type you can imagine, 
and the connectivity to seniors and small business is a 
powerful one. When I look at the cost of living impact today, 
post pandemic impacts today, you know, the SBA and the mission 
of this Committee could be linked better.
    You know, I look at how the SEC, for example, doesn't allow 
an unaccredited investor to put everything on the line and lose 
everything they own, but yet in a business environment, in an 
SBA environment, that can happen, so I just want to iterate 
that there's an opportunity to cross train, cross utilize 
seniors that isn't quite realized.
    One last point, as one who consults to large corporations, 
many of them, and one who helps small businesses, my passion is 
the small business. It's a lot easier to place a senior in a 
smaller business than it is a major corporation. It just is. 
That's just the way it is today. And again, I suggest that SBA 
and the small business segment of America can help solve some 
of the problems that we have in aging.
    One more point, and then I'll be finished, Senator. When 
you hire a senior person for a community-based business, that 
older individual has hundreds of relationships in that 
marketplace that the young employee does not have. It's a 
marketing machine. It's a connective tissue to the community to 
drive revenues. When we think of the relationship power of the 
seniors, not only the experience, that's a powerful asset to a 
business.
    I think we would be better served if we communicated these 
things to the marketplace better in that people don't want to 
invest in a senior because they don't get the long-term 
benefit, but business is about short-term objectives to achieve 
long-term benefits. And those seniors can help with those 
short-term objectives in every case. I hope I answered your 
question, sir.
    Senator Justice. You did very well, sir and I appreciate 
you. Let me say one more thing before we leave, and that's just 
this, our Chairman and our Ranking Member, they have done a 
marvelous job. You should really be really proud of all the 
good stuff you're doing, so I thank them too.
    The Chairman. Thank you.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you.
    The Chairman. You know Jon, when my daughters worked at 
restaurants in high school, I went there a lot more.
    Mr. Taffer. Yep, that's exactly correct.
    The Chairman. I can remember one of them, I really liked 
the restaurant, but once she stopped working there, it was just 
a little far, too far to go, but I went there every week when 
she worked there.
    Mr. Taffer. You know, we talk about connectivity for 
seniors. When you work in a small business in the heart of a 
town, it increases that connectivity too and that sense of 
purpose for sure.
    The Chairman. Yes. Generally, you know, there's some 
studies that the number one reason people go to certain 
restaurants or bars is that someone remembers them.
    Mr. Taffer. No question. Especially when they connect with 
you, you go back to see your buddy Joe.
    The Chairman. Dr. Broadie, many older Americans are eager 
to remain active in the workforce but need to update their 
skills. How can our colleges and universities, especially our 
community colleges expand access to affordable and short-term 
programs tailored to seniors who want to re-skill or pivot 
careers?
    Dr. Broadie. I think colleges need to be very intentional 
in working with the business and industry to determine where 
the gaps are and what the needs are and then develop programs 
such as what we've done, programs that specifically target 
individuals and then train them for those skills. This way you 
get to places of 100 percent job placement because the students 
are trained for exactly what the employers are looking for.
    It's been very successful at Santa Fe College. It's very 
important that we are nimble and putting students into 
employment that the employers are looking for, putting them 
into degree programs and certificate programs that the 
employers are looking for.
    The Chairman. Yes, you have to think of a student that 
finishes and there's no job where somebody--I mean, I think a 
lot of schools around the country have lied to them. I remember 
when I was Governor, I was talking to all these kids and 
they're telling me about these degrees I said, "Is there even a 
job?"
    Rachel, you've written extensively about the economic value 
of work across all ages. What trends are you seeing in senior 
labor force participation and what policies can encourage older 
Americans who want to start a business or keep working to do 
so?
    Ms. Greszler. One of the most positive trends, I think has 
been the increase in the ability to work independently, whether 
you call that freelancing, gig work, independent contractor, 
but to be able to retire from the traditional nine to five job, 
having to report to the boss on their time and to be able to 
shift into this type of work. I've seen it in my grandfather 
and in both of my parents. And it's just a way to be able to 
remain engaged and yet to still have the freedom and the 
flexibility to maybe go care for grandchildren, volunteering, 
just pursuing those things that you wanted to do in your golden 
years.
    One statistic said that 29 percent of the baby boom 
professionals are freelancing in some capacity. I think that's 
a great thing, but there are additional steps that could be 
taken to help make that more accessible. Particularly measures 
that would allow those individuals to still be able to get the 
traditional workplace benefits. Healthcare is extremely 
important if you're not yet of Medicare age, but to be able to 
have access to that healthcare.
    There's things like the unlocking benefits for Independent 
Workers Act that would allow those individuals to still 
contribute into retirement account, still get that healthcare 
from an employer, even if they're only a contractor. Definitely 
clarifying the rule on who can and can't be an independent 
contractor through the Modern Worker Empowerment Act would 
help. Then your Healthcare Freedom Accounts proposal would be a 
great way for individuals to be able to actually build savings 
up that they can use even in the future when they are on 
Medicare, but to have that money that could help them pay for 
the out-of-pocket costs.
    The Chairman. Perfect. Christine, many of the communities 
you serve are rural or small towns. How does the "Aging with 
purpose" conversation differ in those areas compared to urban 
ones, especially in terms of civic engagement, job access, and 
social connections?
    Ms. Osasu. Thank you, Chairman Scott. That's an excellent 
question. In the rural areas, we talk a lot about the digital 
divide. I'm sure you've all heard digital divide. What we're 
really saying is if they don't have access to internet, if they 
don't have access to the training to utilize a computer or a 
smartphone and so forth, they are suffering in this digital 
divide. When we think about rural areas, there's going to be 
less opportunity just by virtue of there's less businesses for 
them to train at, less nonprofits for them to go gain skills 
and so forth.
    When we think about seniors in rural communities, we really 
think about that digital divide and the way to address that, of 
course, is to ensure that everybody has access to internet. 
Then additionally, everyone has access to the training to 
utilize that internet. As I said, we implemented a job training 
program with tablets. You can't just hand a tablet and a 
keyboard to a senior and say, "All right, you got internet, you 
got your tablet, you're ready to go."
    Now there's a few steps after that that have to be taken, 
but once you take those steps, they can become data managers. 
That's a real story I've seen that happen. Took a woman who had 
never used a computer and two years later she got a job as a 
data manager, so just a little investment goes a long way in 
those rural communities.
    The Chairman. Jon, what would you say to someone who is 
later in their stage of life and is interested in starting a 
business, but feels it may be too late?
    Mr. Taffer. I think that, obviously there's mitigated 
risks: location, finances, revenue, potential and all of that, 
but, you know, if I could tell another story, I was told that 
I'd never be on TV, Senator. I was told that I was too ugly and 
not good looking enough, it'll never happen. One day I realized 
that I'm the only person who can say no to me, and they're the 
only person who can say no to them.
    I would suggest that they say yes to that. And the other 
interesting thing I would say is if a senior's going to get 
into a small business today it's a different economic 
environment and sure costs are higher. It isn't the cost 
that'll take you down, it's the inability to manage those costs 
that'll take a business down. It's management skills more than 
the actual economic environment that we live in.
    I think any dollar invested in the programs that you're 
doing that provide budgetary management skills, supply side 
skills, marketing skills, all of these skills will allow us to 
thrive in almost any economic environment if we know how to 
manage those costs well, and I think a lot of that is 
education. You know, yesterday when I was speaking to minority 
members, Gillibrand's team, we talked about 401(k)'s for a 
couple minutes and the power of 401(k)'s. I said something I 
had never quite thought about before. I see them smiling back 
there.
    You know, we talk about 401(k)'s, but we never sell it. We 
never sell it. You know, we talk about the features of a 
401(k), but do we ever really talk about the benefits? For 
example, if you're 25 years old and you invest in a 401(k), 
when you're 45 years old, you could be a millionaire. We never 
send those messages that----
    The Chairman. I remember back where I was working, they 
never told me to do it.
    Mr. Taffer. There's a pot of gold at the end of that.
    The Chairman. Part of it is they were going to have to put 
up some of the money.
    Mr. Taffer. Yes.
    The Chairman. Economics is telling them not to do it.
    Mr. Taffer. Well, I had my own employees vote if they want 
a 401(k) program or a bonus at the end of the year. They voted 
for the bonus at the end of the year, but the fact is that's 
very shortsighted. My point is, sometimes I think these things 
could be sold in a more motivating way to create greater 
participation.
    The Chairman. Ranking Member Gillibrand.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you. This is for all the 
witnesses. I just want you to talk a little bit about why 
working is so meaningful to our older adults. Older adults 
often experience decline in social relations and their sense of 
belonging, increasing the risk of isolation. The benefits of 
social interaction and sense of belonging include emotional 
health, physical health, enhanced cognitive function, increased 
longevity.
    Working can provide people with a strong sense of purpose, 
and it fosters a feeling of contributing something bigger 
themselves. The development of proactive mindset and building 
relationships and records of achievement. We saw this in my 
older employee, Geri Shapiro. She retired in her 80's. She was 
the oldest federal employee in the whole Federal Government 
ever. It's because she just loved serving the people of New 
York. Not only did she have a sense of purpose, but she was not 
only a mentor and a role model for all my junior staff, but 
they all relied on her for advice and guidance. She had a sense 
of family as well being part of our team.
    I'd love to hear from you about what experience you've seen 
in terms of work participation and opportunity impacting the 
lives of seniors and what tangible society or the community 
benefits are derived from that activity. Jon, you can start and 
then we can go across the table.
    Mr. Taffer. You know, earlier today the word hope was used, 
and you know, when I find I'm a little unique because I go into 
a struggling situation. They're in trouble when I walk in. 
Their houses are on the line. Their family future is on the 
line. Retirement dollars are at risk. It's a bad situation that 
I walk into. Hope is gone.
    I find that if I educate without the hope, I'm not 
incentivizing progress. I think one of the greatest 
opportunities we have is to instill hope in people who, no 
matter what work we're all doing together, that hope is very 
motivating. Hope and skill goes a long way, one without the 
other, doesn't travel quite as far. I'll tell you, Senator, 
when I work with these people and that hope appears, what 
happens is physical. How you see their posture, their 
activities change.
    I've done 283 episodes of Bar Rescue, and at the end of 
that episode, I always get a hug, but our microphones are on 
our chests, so nobody hears what's said to me when that hug 
happens. The things that are said is, "Jon, I have a future 
again." "Jon, I'm talking to my son again." "I'm talking to my 
dad again." "Boy, I can pay my bills." "Jon, you saved my 
house." Everything they say isn't, thank you for teaching me, 
it's almost, thank you for giving me hope.
    Dr. Broadie. Thank you, and that's a great question. I'm 
going to talk about, you mentioned mental engagement and you 
mentioned social isolation. When our seniors engage with our 
campus, I'll use one word, I see joy, and they get very 
excited. I see joy on both ends. I see it from the seniors that 
are engaging and the students that they're engaging with. The 
students are gaining wisdom from these individuals.
    We have an undergraduate research program and we have our 
seniors come in and they get engaged with the students in 
helping them with their research and judging the research 
competitions. They're also engaged on our foundation boards. 
They're engaged on our Advisory Committees. Some of these 
individuals are retiring and they want to stay involved, and 
they want to sit on our business Advisory Committee. We are 
getting wisdom from their life experience.
    We continue to engage our seniors, but when they step on 
our campus and I chat with them, the word that I really can 
describe is joy. They feel fulfilled. They feel like they're 
giving back, and they truly are giving back to helping us 
thrive as an institution and helping our students thrive 
through mentorship and all the wisdom that they provide.
    Ms. Greszler. Yes, humans have an innate desire, I would 
call it, a God-given desire to be engaged in meaningful work 
and to be engaged in meaningful relationships, and there is so 
much value in that, and as Senator Justice said, just the 
wisdom that comes from older individuals. An inevitable thing 
about all of us is we're going to get older. To have those 
examples in our lives is so important, and I think that it 
would be, you know, just seeing it more at every level, whether 
it's through volunteer work in the schools, just any ways that 
we can have that intergenerational engagement, everyone will be 
better for it.
    Ms. Osasu. Thank you for the question. Work gives people 
purpose. It gives them pride. It gives them a meaningful reason 
to leave the house in the morning and get dressed up again. You 
wouldn't believe how many seniors said the value in just 
getting dressed, what that means for them, how it transforms 
their day and their life.
    A senior comes to mind, and she's one of the first clients 
I ever worked with. Her name was Ms. Anna. She was in her mid-
70's, and she was training at a nonprofit thrift store. She was 
cleaning the glassware and creating the displays and that kind 
of business, and early on when I met her, when we were doing 
this job counseling, we identified some mental health issues, 
some paranoia, and other things of that nature, and what we 
found is the more time she spent alone in her apartment, the 
worse it got.
    When she was able to start job training, and we had her 
there five days a week, of course it didn't go away, it's not a 
cure all, but work makes a meaningful difference for a person's 
mental health. She began finding community within her work. 
That's where she made all of her friends, all of the customers 
knew her by name, and she just transformed into this smiley, 
happy person, one of the hardest workers I know, and at 76 she 
was hired on full time and she's still working now at 78, and 
everyone who shops there knows her for her bright personality.
    All of that was made possible through the job training and 
getting a job.
    Senator Gillibrand. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    The Chairman. Dr. Broadie, just give me one story of a 
business relationship you have that's helped people get a job 
and a senior citizen get a job.
    Dr. Broadie. [Off mic.] association, and through that 
builders' association, we train apprenticeships. I remember the 
last graduation that we had there was an individual--it was in 
the electrical program, an individual that came across the 
stage. He said, "I'm retired, but I wasn't ready to retire and 
I've always wanted to be an electrician, and through this 
apprenticeship, my dream has come true."
    He was in his late 60's and walking across the stage, 
preparing to start his second career.
    The Chairman. That's a good start. Rachel, seniors 
contribute more than just through paid employment. Can you 
speak to the economic and social value of senior volunteerism, 
caregiving, and civic leadership, and how we might better 
recognize or support these contributions?
    Ms. Greszler. Yes. Seniors have the highest volunteer rates 
across America. Whether that's, you know, in hospitals, as 
hospice assistance, and schools, at community organizations, 
and seniors also are caring a lot for grandchildren. Among 
seniors who have grandchildren under age 18, 20 percent of them 
say that they are caring for those grandchildren on a weekly 
basis if not more than that.
    They're making these huge contributions, not just things 
that they're getting paid for, but those volunteer and caring 
activities as well.
    The Chairman. You know, when I was Governor, I recruited 
all these people to move to Florida and you feel sorry for some 
of these states because people built these businesses and they 
move and they take their charity dollars with them, they take 
their volunteer hours with them, they take all those things, 
and they really make it--like where I live, they make a big 
difference.
    Ms. Greszler. Yes, but oftentimes when an individual is 
able to retire, they can still participate in that same 
activity, you know, without charge. My mom is now working pro 
bono, serving as a advocate for children in the court systems, 
and so still engaging in the same thing she did before, but now 
able to do it on a volunteer basis.
    The Chairman. Yes, where I live in the high school training 
programs, it's a lot of seniors are in there teaching a lot of 
the trade now.
    Christine, do you have any intergenerational initiatives in 
your region where both seniors are working with young people?
    Ms. Osasu. I love the question. Seniors love to interact 
with young people. They love to interact with even babies and 
children, and we have tons of host agencies that have daycare 
initiatives and brother and sister type things. Both parties 
really benefit because I think there's bias on both sides. 
Seniors have biases about younger people. Younger people have 
biases about seniors, but when they get to work together 
closely, they can skate through those biases and learn, wow, 
this person really has value and it's a two-way street when 
they're working together in that capacity, and we love to see 
something like that, yes.
    The Chairman. Especially if they've never met somebody 
that's similar to that person, whatever their characteristics 
are.
    Ms. Osasu. Right. They might not be used to seeing, you 
know, a 75-year-old person doing something in their community 
in that way, and when they see that this person, wow, they 
still have a lot to offer, it's a different experience.
    The Chairman. Jon, do you have any stories of seniors that 
helped you turn something around?
    Mr. Taffer. Yes. You know, I'm going to throw another word 
into the mix if I can. I'm going to throw the word relevancy 
into the mix, because, you know, I find when I give a senior 
relevancy, whether it's training, relevancy, management 
relevancy, any type of responsibility that creates relevancy, a 
complete change in personality happens. That relevancy drives 
so much of their energy each day when they wake up.
    Imagine waking up in the morning and not having any 
relevancy to anyone. Nobody's expecting you to show up anywhere 
and nobody's expecting you to do anything.
    The Chairman. Nobody calls.
    Mr. Taffer. Working hard to provide that relevancy is a lot 
of what I do, so let's say it's a generational business and the 
son is taking over and the father is sort of retiring and he 
sort of lost his purpose, and the son has sort of lost his 
mentor, by creating relevancy for the father, I create 
engagement for the father, the learning opens up for the son, 
and that relevancy drives an awful lot if I focus on that one 
point.
    The Chairman. Well on behalf of Senator Gillibrand, I think 
this has been--you guys have all done a good job. I mean, we 
all know this is really important, and you know, as people age, 
we have to figure out how to keep them with purpose, and help 
them. There's a lot of good programs at the state level, at the 
local level, not-for-profits, and federal level and we have to 
make sure they're properly funded. You have anything else?
    Senator Gillibrand. No, thank you.
    The Chairman. I'd like to thank everyone for being here 
today and participating. Look forward to continuing to work 
with my colleagues to ensure every American senior has the 
opportunity they deserve to make their retirement years the 
best of their lives through continuing community involvement, 
mentorship, and lifelong education.
    If any senators have additional questions for the witnesses 
or statements to be added, the hearing and record will be open 
until next Wednesday at 5:00 p.m.
    The Chairman. Thanks, everybody.
    [Whereupon, at 4:43 p.m., the hearing was adjourned.]
======================================================================


                                APPENDIX

     
=======================================================================


                      Prepared Witness Statements

=======================================================================

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Prepared Witness Testimony

                              John Taffer

    Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and members of 
the Committee-thank you for the opportunity to be here today. 
It's an honor to speak on a topic that's not only timely, but 
personal: aging with purpose.I started in hospitality in 1973 
as a bartender at Barney's Beanery in West Hollywood. Five 
years later, I was running the Troubadour nightclub-where 
legends took the stage and music history was made. By the 
1980s, I was operating my own bar, and since then, I've owned 
17 different hospitality businesses. These days, I'm perhaps 
best known as the executive producer and host of Bar Rescue. 
What I do on that show is really about one thing-helping people 
find their purpose again, often when they've lost all hope.
    I've been fortunate to work with hundreds of business 
owners on Bar Rescue, many of whom were hanging on by a thread-
financially, emotionally, or both. What turns things around 
isn't just better finances or improved operations. It's when 
people reconnect with a sense of purpose-when they remember why 
they started, and who they're doing it for.
    That doesn't just apply to small business owners. It 
applies to all of us-especially as we age.I've seen firsthand 
the moment when a senior regains a sense of purpose. I change 
the lives of seniors often-whether it's through my show, 
mentorship programs, volunteer work, or even rejoining the 
workforce. When they see hope and feel accomplishment, they 
light up. Their energy, commitment, and attitude often rival 
employees half their age.
    So many people lose purpose in phases-first when their kids 
leave home, then later when they retire. Without the structure 
of a job, coworkers, or daily goals, they're left unanchored. 
We spend decades striving-raising families, building careers, 
solving problems-and suddenly, that drive doesn't have anywhere 
to go.
    When even a small sense of accomplishment or a chance to 
help someone re-enters their lives-when they become part of a 
team again or offer guidance to someone just starting out-it's 
powerful. It changes lives. And in some cases, it extends them.
    That's not just anecdotal. Research shows people who have a 
sense of purpose live longer, healthier lives. Purpose improves 
mental health, physical health, and overall quality of life. 
And seniors are a massive, often overlooked, reservoir of 
knowledge, skill, and mentorship just waiting to be activated.
    In hospitality, for example, immigrant business owners 
account for approximately 40% of the industry. They're often 
self-taught, operating with passion but little formal business 
training. Imagine pairing those owners with retired 
professionals who spent their careers managing teams, 
overseeing logistics, or running companies. That's a win-win. 
The businesses get expert advice. The seniors get purpose, 
respect, and a chance to make an impact.
    I applaud the work already being done by the Small Business 
Administration and local Chambers of Commerce to support 
mentorship-but the demand far exceeds the supply. We need to 
make it easier and more rewarding for seniors to step back into 
these roles, even on a part-time or volunteer basis.
    The strength of this country isn't found in a boardroom. 
It's not even found here in the Senate. It's found in the 34 
million small businesses across America-and in the millions of 
experienced Americans who are ready to contribute, if only we 
give them the opportunity.
    Purpose is what gets us up in the morning. And everyone 
deserves to feel that purpose-whether you're 22 or 72.
    Helping others gives me purpose. Seeing dreams come back to 
life when people think all is lost is one of the most 
meaningful things I've done in my career. On TV, it may look 
like I have all the answers, but I'm still learning every day. 
What I do have is 40 years of hard-earned lessons. And I'm here 
today to share what I've learned: that age is not the end of 
value-it's the multiplier of it.
    Thank you, and I look forward to your questions.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Prepared Witness Testimony

                            Paul Broadie, MD

    Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and Members of 
the Committee:
    Thank you for the opportunity to testify on the critical 
role community colleges play in empowering older Americans to 
remain active, engaged, and economically secure. I am honored 
to speak on behalf of Santa Fe College and the more than 1,000 
community colleges serving over 10 million students nationwide-
institutions that stand at the intersection of lifelong 
learning, workforce development, and community well-being.
    Santa Fe College has been continuously recognized for 
excellence, including:

      Aspen Prize for Community College Excellence as the 
Nation's #1 Community College;
      2025 Carnegie Foundation Classification, recognized for 
providing higher access and higher wages to students and 
graduates, with SF graduates earning 30% more than the regional 
average;
      #1 graduation rate for the Florida College System with 
an 85% student success rate;
      Best for Vets, with the college being named one of the 
best colleges for military and military spouses; and
      An economic impact of $413 million, supporting 4,866 
jobs locally.

    Thanks to the support from our community, state, and 
federal partners, we continue to build on that success while 
keeping college affordable.
    Community colleges are designed for expanding access to all 
learners across our communities and regions. They serve 
learners of every age, background, and stage of life. Today's 
hearing topic - Aging with Purpose: The Positive Impact of 
Seniors in Today's Economy- aligns directly with the mission of 
our institutions.
    From helping older students gain basic computer skills to 
participate in today's technological society, to breaking 
cycles of poverty by supporting parents and their school-aged 
children, to ensuing that everyone in our community, regardless 
of age, has the opportunity to interact and engage with each 
other, community colleges in general, and Santa Fe College in 
particular, is in a unique position to support older learners.

I. Older Americans Are a Growing and Vital Part of the 
Community College Population

    Community colleges have become one of the nation's largest 
access points for older Americans seeking new skills, new 
opportunities, or a renewed sense of purpose. According to 
national data from the Association of Community College 
Trustees, more than 90,000 individuals aged 50 and older earned 
a degree or credential in the 2023-2024 academic year, a 
substantial share through community colleges.

    Older learners enroll because they are:

      Reentering the workforce
      Pivoting into new career fields
      Seeking rapid reskilling
      Remaining mentally active
      Engaging socially and civically
      Reskilling for a second career
      Pursuing lifelong passions

    Their participation strengthens the workforce and enriches 
classroom learning.
    At Santa Fe College-a reflection of national trends-462 
degree-seeking students were age 50 or older last year, with 
more than 1,200 over age 40. These students are enrolled in 
areas such as Health Services Administration, Nursing, and 
Programming & Analysis.
    The stories of our older graduates illustrate the deep 
value of community colleges as engines of lifelong opportunity.

      Judith, age 65, completed her associate degree after 
first enrolling four decades earlier.
      Carlos, age 81, graduated from our Phlebotomy 
certificate program, excelled during clinical rotations at UF 
Health, and continues to pursue additional credentials today.

    These individuals embody purpose, persistence, and the 
spirit of learning that fuels America's economy.
    Beyond our degree-seeking students, the Oak Hammock and 
Village at Gainesville retirement communities frequently engage 
with the college by taking classes, attending Fine Arts and 
other cultural events at the college, and serving as judges of 
student research process.

II. Community Colleges Offer the Most Affordable and Accessible 
Pathway to Rapid Reskilling and Economic Mobility

    Older Americans often seek education that is affordable, 
flexible, and aligned with real employment opportunities. 
Community colleges deliver on all three.

Affordability

    Community colleges remain the most cost-effective 
institutions in higher education. Many states - including 
Florida- allow residents aged 60 and older to audit courses at 
no cost, providing robust intellectual engagement without 
financial strain.

Accessibility

    Community colleges are geographically embedded in nearly 
every community - urban, suburban, and rural - making education 
physically accessible to older adults.

Workforce Relevance

    Community colleges collaborate directly with industry 
partners to offer short-term, employer-driven programs in high-
demand fields such as healthcare, IT, advanced manufacturing, 
and public service. For older Americans seeking rapid 
reskilling, these programs provide pathways to sustainable 
employment and economic stability.
    Additionally, at Santa Fe College, we have quick, 
stackable, credential courses to help enhance a student's 
existing skills. For example, we have physicians taking Biotech 
courses within our Emerging Tech programs to hone their skills.

III. National Exemplars of Community College Innovation

    Across the country, community colleges design programs 
tailored to adults experiencing transitions, returning to the 
workforce, or supporting multigenerational households. Santa Fe 
College demonstrates two such models that illustrate how 
community colleges can transform lives on a national scale.

The Displaced Homemaker Program: A Lifeline for Adults Re-
Entering the Workforce

    For more than 50 years, Santa Fe College's Displaced 
Homemaker Program has provided critical support to individuals 
- often older adults - who must return to the workforce after 
the death of a spouse, divorce, or a major change in life 
circumstances. Many completers of the program have landed 
gainful employment opportunities as a result of the skills they 
learned.

    More than 4,500 individuals have benefited from:
      Career counseling
      Digital literacy training
      Job readiness and professionalism workshops
      Personalized financial literacy support
      Confidence building
      Job placement support

    Programs like this, mirrored in other states, demonstrate 
how community colleges help older adults overcome barriers, 
rebuild stability, and access high-demand careers.
The ACB Excel Program: A National Award-Winning, Two-Generation 
Model for Economic Mobility
    Another nationally recognized example is Santa Fe College's 
ACB Excel Program, which takes a powerful, innovative approach 
to strengthening families and improving economic outcomes. 
Although rooted in our community, it represents the type of 
visionary model that can be scaled across the nation.
    ACB Excel empowers entire families by providing parents and 
their school-aged children with simultaneous access to academic 
programs, support services, and enrichment activities. This 
two-generation framework is free for all participants and has 
proven to be a catalyst for economic and social mobility. It 
also addresses the growing trend of grandparents raising their 
grandchildren and needing to reskill to enter the job market.

    Parents:

      Enroll in rapid credentialing programs that lead to 
high-wage, in-demand jobs
      Receive personal financial literacy education
      Work directly with academic and career success coaches
      Build connections to employer partners through job 
placement pipelines

    Children:

      Engage in hands-on STEM and literacy activities
      Participate in teamwork and resilience-building 
programming
      Receive social-emotional and academic support
      Experience a stable, enriching environment while parents 
pursue training

    The program fosters deep community impact through:

      Volunteer opportunities
      Mentorship and internship connections
      Employment pathways
      Cross-generational learning and engagement

    By strengthening both parent and child simultaneously, ACB 
Excel directly enhances economic stability, workforce 
participation, and long-term family well-being. It exemplifies 
the kind of community-integrated learning model that community 
colleges nationwide are uniquely positioned to deliver.

IV. Lifelong Learning Supports Healthy Aging, Mental Well-
Being, and Social Connection

    Community colleges also play an essential role in 
supporting older adults outside the traditional workforce.

    Nationwide, colleges offer:

      Noncredit lifelong learning courses
      Arts, humanities, and enrichment activities
      Health and wellness education
      Technology and digital literacy workshops
      Civic engagement opportunities

    Programs like Santa Fe College's Community Education 
program- where more than 65% of students are age 50 or older- 
provide critical social connection, intellectual stimulation, 
and community belonging. These are proven contributors to 
healthy aging and reduced social isolation.
    Community colleges further strengthen communities through 
intergenerational learning, where older adults serve as 
mentors, volunteers, research judges, and advisory board 
members.

V. Supporting Older Military Veterans: A Critical Part of Our 
Mission

    Military veterans- many of whom return to education later 
in life - represent one of the most important older adult 
populations served by community colleges.
    According to the Postsecondary National Policy Institute, 
nationwide 63% of veteran students were aged 30 or older\1\, 
and many face unique challenges including career transitions, 
disability accommodations, and the loss of military community.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Postsecondary National Policy Institute, "Veterans in Higher 
Education: Fact Sheet," April 2025, https://pnpi.org/wp-content/
uploads/2025/05/Veterans--FactSheet--Apr25.pdf
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Many colleges provide a veteran student support center on 
campus. Santa Fe College's Veterans & Military Success Services 
is a national model for how community colleges can support 
these learners. The program provides:

      Dedicated academic advising and transition support
      Assistance navigating VA educational benefits
      Mental health counseling and a supportive environment of 
peers
      Priority registration and textbook assistance
      Partnerships with local employers committed to hiring 
veterans
      Specialized career pathways for veterans entering fields 
such as public safety, logistics, nursing, and IT

    Santa Fe College is proud to have been named "Best for 
Vets", reflecting our commitment not only to active-duty and 
retired service members, but also to older veterans seeking 
meaningful second careers.
    Many of our older veteran students choose programs that 
build on their military experience - advanced manufacturing, 
first responder programs, logistics, cybersecurity - as well as 
others who pursue new callings in healthcare, social services, 
or business.
    Supporting veterans supports our workforce, strengthens 
families, and honors national service.

VI. Policy Recommendations to Support Purposeful Aging Through 
Community Colleges

    To enhance the role community colleges play in 
strengthening the lives of older Americans, Congress may 
consider:

      Expanding federal support for short-term, stackable 
workforce credentials
      Supporting two-generation learning models that benefit 
entire families
      Investing in digital literacy initiatives for older 
adults
      Funding wraparound services that reduce barriers for 
older learners
      Supporting replication of programs like Displaced 
Homemaker and ACB Excel

    These investments strengthen not only older Americans, but 
our workforce, our communities, and our economy.

Conclusion

    Older Americans bring wisdom, experience, dedication, and 
purpose to our campuses and our communities. Community 
colleges- accessible to all and responsive to local needs- are 
uniquely positioned to help them continue contributing to the 
nation's economic vitality and civic life.
    Through rapid workforce training, two-generation learning 
models, enrichment programs, and community-based partnerships, 
community colleges provide older Americans with the tools to 
remain engaged, productive, and connected. Programs like the 
Displaced Homemaker Program and the ACB Excel Program show what 
is possible when community colleges are empowered to innovate.
    Thank you for the opportunity to offer this testimony. I 
welcome your questions and look forward to working with the 
Committee to strengthen opportunities for older adults across 
our nation.

***SEE NEXT PAGE FOR SANTA FE COLLEGE ATTACHMENT***
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Prepared Witness Testimony

                            Rachel Greszler
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Prepared Witness Testimony

                            Christine Osasu

    Chairman Scott, Ranking Member Gillibrand, and 
distinguished members of the Committee, thank you for the 
opportunity to speak before you today. It is a privilege 
afforded to very few to address this esteemed body, and I do so 
with both deep gratitude and a profound sense of responsibility 
to the seniors in my community. The stories and struggles of 
our seniors deserve to be heard, and I am honored to share a 
few stories with you today.

INTRODUCTION

    My name is Christine Osasu, and for the past ten years, I 
have dedicated my career to serving some of Georgia's most 
vulnerable populations-.rst as a loan originator with Habitat 
for Humanity, and for the last four years as the Director of 
the Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP) at The 
Legacy Link, a nonprofit and designated Area Agency on Aging. 
Our mission is to empower aging adults and individuals with 
disabilities by connecting them to resources to be their link 
to a better life. Our SCSEP program serves 107 counties across 
Georgia as a proud subgrantee of the National Council on Aging 
(NCOA).
    Today, I'm here to share how training through the SCSEP 
program has transformed lives-empowering older adults to 
reenter the workforce, reclaim their confidence, affirm their 
value, and take meaningful steps toward self-sufficiency. I'm 
also here to share the devastating impact of the SCSEP funding 
pause-a crisis that left nearly 30,000 seniors across the 
country in limbo, without income, structure, or support\1\.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ U.S. Dep't of Labor, National Quarterly Progress Report (July 
7, 2025), https://cmp.dol.gov/suite/sites/dol.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    I am deeply grateful to Ranking Member Gillibrand for 
leading a group letter to the Labor Secretary regarding the 
SCSEP funding delay, and to Chairman Scott and Ranking Member 
Gillibrand for their bipartisan efforts to reintroduce the 
Older Americans Act (OAA) reauthorization.
    SCSEP, authorized under the OAA, is a federally funded job 
training program for low-income seniors aged 55 and older. It 
functions much like a paid internship for seniors. Participants 
receive hands-on training at nonprofit and government agencies, 
where they gain new skills. The host agencies benefit from 
having experienced dedicated workers-at no cost-who often 
become permanent employees. We serve those seniors who have the 
most signi.cant barriers to employment, and we have a proud 
history of pulling people out of homelessness and reducing 
reliance on public assistance programs.
    SCSEP has existed since 1965, and for good reason: it 
works. It is a lifeline for seniors who want to work, who need 
to work, and who still have so much to contribute.

BARRIERS SENIORS FACE

    While working combats social isolation and improves mental 
and physical health, make no mistake-SCSEP participants are not 
working for enjoyment\2\. They are working to survive. To 
qualify for the program, seniors must have incomes at or below 
125% of the federal poverty level, which is approximately 
$1,600 per month for a single person. With the rising costs of 
food, housing, healthcare, and more, these limited-income 
seniors are struggling to pay for basic necessities. As people 
are living longer, they need more in savings to sustain them, 
and many have no savings at all, living paycheck to paycheck.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\ U.S. Dep't of Labor, PY 2020 Nationwide Participant Evaluation 
of SCSEP (Mar. 25, 2022), https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/.les/ETA/
seniors/pdfs/PY2020%20Nationwide%20Participant%20Survey%20Report--
3%2025%202022.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Seniors are strong and resilient-but they are also growing 
tired of being left behind by systems that are becoming more 
automated and less human.
    Seniors face real and persistent age discrimination in the 
workforce. They also face technological barriers that make even 
applying for a job feel insurmountable. "[They] find themselves 
beautifully equipped for a world that no longer exists." -Eric 
Hoffer
    Imagine trying to navigate today's job market without an 
email address or basic computer skills. For many older adults, 
this is a reality. That's where SCSEP steps in-empowering 
seniors with the tools and training they need to navigate the 
digital world.
    Last year, Legacy Link launched a Digital Empowerment 
Program that provided participants with tablets and hands-on 
instruction in essential technology skills, from job searching 
to basic office software-opening new doors to employment and 
independence.

IMPACT OF THE PAUSE

    Due to a delay in releasing FY25 funding by the Department 
of Labor to the national grantees, most SCSEP participants were 
placed on an unpaid break for four and a half months. This 
pause in SCSEP funding greatly harmed older adults who were 
already facing the most significant barriers to employment.
    The majority of SCSEP funds directly pay for participants' 
wages. For many, this pause meant missed meals, unstable 
housing, and growing uncertainty about the future, especially 
as they were not eligible to collect unemployment during the 
pause.
    In Georgia, the $7.25-per-hour SCSEP training wage may seem 
insignificant to some, but for someone surviving on less than 
$1,600 a month, this paid training is a lifeline. When training 
was paused-it wasn't just an inconvenience. It had life-
threatening consequences for our seniors: homelessness, skipped 
medications, food rationing, and grandchildren going without 
school supplies.
    A heartbreaking story from North Georgia illustrates the 
devastating impact of the pause.

        A short while into the pause, an undeliverable letter 
led to an unexpected heartbreak. As usual, I called the 
participant to verify his address when the letter was returned. 
I anticipated a routine conversation-but his words stopped me 
in my tracks. When asked for his updated address he said, "Ms. 
Christine, I wish I could give you my updated address, but I 
don't have one. I couldn't pay for my housing, I've maxed out 
my time in the shelter, and now I'm living in a tent."

    Our seniors want to work-and many must work. Social 
Security alone is not enough to survive. When the SCSEP program 
is paused, the impact is immediate and devastating.

COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC IMPACT

    Older adults want to work. When given the opportunity, they 
support themselves with dignity, reducing reliance on food 
stamps, subsidized housing, and public assistance.

        Ms. Plant, age 59, shared her story:

        "After losing my husband to COVID in 2020, I became 
homeless-bouncing between shelters and motels. SCSEP helped me 
stabilize my life. It allowed me to cover basic needs, pursue 
training in medical coding, and give back by serving meals at 
the soup kitchen. Without it, I'd be at risk of losing 
everything again."

    Healthy, engaged older adults are a vital asset to our 
economy. With the right tools and opportunities, they don't 
just participate, they lead, mentor, and multiply impact. 
Investing in seniors means investing in experience, 
reliability, and resilience. They are valuable, capable members 
of the workforce who enrich every organization they join.
    SCSEP delivers a strong return on investment by preparing 
seniors for meaningful employment-bene.ting not just 
individuals, but society as a whole. SCSEP is the key-to 
stronger businesses, reduced public spending, less social 
isolation, and a more inclusive, resilient workforce.
    Thank you for your commitment to improving the lives of our 
seniors. I urge you to remain diligent in the fight for a 
better world for older Americans-because we are all aging, and 
we deserve to age well.     
=======================================================================


                        Questions for the Record

=======================================================================

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                        Questions for the Record

                              John Taffer

                  Ranking Member Kirsten E. Gillibrand

    Question:

    Based upon your experience providing advice and guidance to 
older Americans who remain actively employed, have you found 
the Social Security special earnings limit rule to serve as an 
impediment to work and gainful activity?

    Response:

    I believe it is absolutely a deterrent. If someone has to 
go back to work, it is because their current benefits and 
income are not fully supporting them. Penalizing them for 
earning a living creates an unnecessary obstacle to keeping up 
with the cost of living and unfairly punishes their effort to 
stay productive. Going back to work at that stage of life 
should provide stability, dignity, and a better quality of 
life. Benefit reductions should never work against that."

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                        Questions for the Record

                            Paul Broadie, MD

                        Senator Raphael Warnock

    Question:

    More than one in three older adults live in rural Georgia, 
where they face disproportionate barriers in accessing skill 
development opportunities. On December 9, 2025, I co-led the 
introduction of the Pathways to Prosperity Act, which would 
improve the Department of Labor's Strengthening Community 
Colleges Grant Programs. This legislation would help community 
and technical colleges expand career pathways and strengthen 
partnerships with employers, so students can develop skills 
aligned with the needs of industries.
    How would promoting collaboration between community and 
technical colleges and employers improve job training 
opportunities for seniors in rural Georgia and support rural 
economic growth?

    Response:

    Community and technical colleges are deeply rooted in the 
communities and regions they serve. This makes these 
institutions uniquely positioned to partner with area employers 
to identify skills gaps and create the programming necessary to 
address industry needs today and into the future. At Santa Fe 
College, we know the most effective workforce solutions begin 
by listening to our local employers so we can provide career 
pathways in alignment with employers.
    By working together with industry, community and technical 
colleges can develop practical, targeted, and scalable programs 
that lead to relevant, in-demand jobs in our communities. These 
programs enable students of all ages to take advantage of 
relevant short term in demand training opportunities that 
provide avenues for upskilling, reskilling, and rapid entry 
into employment, and stackable credentials providing 
opportunities for upward mobility enabling continued education, 
training and professional growth while earning.
    For example, Santa Fe College launched an innovative, two-
generational program - ACB Excel. The program, Achieve, 
Conquer, Believe, provides short-term training programs for 
unemployed or underemployed individuals raising their children 
or grandchildren. These programs are designed in partnership 
with employers based on employer needs and area demands. While 
they are receiving the training, their school-aged children are 
receiving STEM-focused academic enrichment. Now in its fourth 
year, this program has a 100% job placement rate, with many 
participants also choosing to continue their education to 
further expand employment opportunities.
    Utilizing employer-driven pathways creates real 
opportunities for students, particularly in rural communities 
where industry partners may be limited and industry training 
needs tend to be more specific. Programs that support flexible 
schedules, employ apprenticeship, and "earn while you learn" 
models are successful, and make training opportunities more 
accessible, especially for adults who may be balancing 
caregiving, and other barriers that may impede access to 
training and ultimately impact their entry or reentry into the 
workforce or ability to earn a livable wage.
    Legislation like the Pathways to Prosperity Act allow 
community and technical colleges like Santa Fe College to 
expand these partnerships, scale proven models, and respond 
even more effectively to regional workforce needs. 
Additionally, supporting and funding apprenticeship programs 
would encourage more employers to partner with colleges to 
develop a skilled workforce. These partnerships support career 
coaching, skills refreshers, and on-the-job training, which are 
critical for helping older workers transition into new roles. 
With the right support, we can continue building clear, 
flexible pathways connecting people to opportunity and ensuring 
communities have the skilled workforce needed to thrive. 
Investments that support the growth of a talented workforce 
have a direct positive economic impact on the community and aid 
in the recruitment, retention and growth of business and 
industry in the region, rural or otherwise.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                        Questions for the Record

                            Rachel Greszler

                  Ranking Member Kirsten E. Gillibrand

    Question:

    As your written testimony highlights, existing statutory 
and regulatory requirements can at times serve as barriers for 
the employment of older Americans. In your view, what should 
policymakers be aware of when considering potential updates to 
the Social Security special earnings limit rule, including from 
both policy and administrative perspectives?

    Response:

    Social Security's retirement earnings test creates a 
significant administrative burden for the Social Security 
Administration (SSA) and causes widespread confusion and 
behavioral changes for older Americans who are subject to the 
earnings test.
    SSA administers benefits to approximately five million 
beneficiaries who receive early retirement benefits and thus 
could be subject to the retirement earnings test if they earn 
more than $24,480 per year in 2026. The test requires SSA to 
track the earnings of all individuals who receive early 
retirement benefits, and reduce benefits by $1 for every $2 in 
earnings over the $24,480 threshold.
    In recent years, over 500,000 Social Security recipients 
have had their benefits reduced or eliminated as a result of 
the earnings test. Applying the test requires SSA to 
continually monitor and estimate earnings and, when applicable, 
to reduce monthly Social Security payments that would otherwise 
remain consistent aside from annual cost-of-living adjustments.
    Most Social Security recipients do not understand the 
retirement earnings test. When their benefits are reduced, they 
often do not know why and they subsequently seek information 
either via phone calls or in-office visits to the SSA. 
According to a February 2024 letter from the SSA's Office of 
the Inspector General, "In FY 2021, SSA spent approximately $70 
million in administrative costs to enforce the earnings test."
    Since application of the earnings test typically requires 
the SSA to estimate earnings, it inevitably results in 
inaccurate payments including both overpayments and excessive 
benefit reductions. According to the same 2024 letter, the 
SSA's OIG estimated that "SSA:

      inaccurately calculated approximately 47,000 of the 
294,000 earnings-test overpayments established in FY 2021, 
totaling more than $148 million;
      inaccurately paid approximately 9,000 beneficiaries 
approximately $29 million based on estimated earnings that were 
more or less than their actual earnings; and
      did not timely pay approximately 176,000 beneficiaries 
approximately $81 million in monthly benefit increases., the 
SSA issued 294,000 earnings-test overpayments."

    These inaccurate payments cause further administrative 
costs for the SSA and further confusion and financial 
uncertainty for Social Security beneficiaries.
    In addition to administrative costs and improper payments, 
the retirement earnings test discourages work. As a widely 
misunderstood test that is perceived as an additional 50 
percent tax on certain earnings, many beneficiaries who are 
subject to the test reduce their earnings to avoid benefit 
reductions.
    Per your specific question on the policy and administrative 
considerations that policymakers should be aware of when 
considering an update to the earnings test:

      The retirement earnings test generates no net revenue 
for the Social Security programs. Multiple government sources 
have estimated that eliminating the earnings test would 
slightly improve Social Security's solvency.
      Eliminating the retirement earnings test entirely would 
be the most effective reform. Fully eliminating the test would 
largely eliminate associated administrative costs as well as 
all confusion caused by the test and all negative impacts on 
work and earnings.
          	Raising the earnings threshold would deliver 
significant efficiencies, but it would still require the SSA to 
monitor and estimate all earnings of people under the normal 
retirement age, and to apply the test to a smaller number of 
recipients. Moreover, while a higher earnings test could 
significantly reduce the number of individuals subject to it, 
and thus the test's work disincentives, it would still cause 
confusion and reduced work for a smaller number of 
beneficiaries.
      Eliminating the retirement earnings test would require 
special treatment for current beneficiaries between the ages of 
62 and 66 who have been subject to the test in the past. In 
addition to immediately ceasing application of the test, the 
SSA would need to decide whether to apply the test's benefit 
adjustment at those individuals' normal retirement ages (as 
currently done), or to apply the adjustments immediately. This 
would not represent a new administrative function as the SSA 
already calculates this benefit adjustment.
      Eliminating the retirement earnings test could have 
spillover benefits for the administrative costs and the payment 
integrity associated with other government benefit programs, 
including but not limited to: Medicaid, ACA subsidies, Medicare 
savings programs and low-income subsidies, heating assistance, 
and food stamps (SNAP). Stabilizing Social Security benefit 
payments would improve income measurement for these programs, 
improving eligibility determinations and payment accuracy.
      I estimate that eliminating the retirement earnings test 
would: increase the labor force by a range of 166,000 to 1.035 
million; Increase older Americans' annual earnings by $10.5 
billion to $65.9 billion per year; boost annual Social Security 
revenues by $1.3 billion to $8.2 billion per year, and; 
increase total annual tax revenues by $2.9 billion to $18 
billion.
      The United States' current demographic, fiscal, and 
cultural challenges could all be improved by an increase in 
older Americans' continued workforce participation.

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                        Questions for the Record

                            Christine Osasu

                        Senator Raphael Warnock

    Question:

    On July 1, 2025, the Department of Labor halted Fiscal Year 
2025 funding for the Senior Community Service Employment 
Programs (SCSEP), leaving more than 1,000 low-income seniors in 
Georgia without stable income to afford rent, groceries, and 
life-saving medications for over four months. President Trump 
also proposed to eliminate SCSEP and replace the program with 
state block grants for Fiscal Year 2026.
    How would the reauthorization of the Older Americans Act 
enhance the long-term stability of SCSEP?

    Response:

    The Older Americans Act is foundational legislation that 
affirms our national commitment to older adults. It tells 
seniors that we value their contributions, we care about their 
well-being, and we intend to uphold the promise that every 
person deserves life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
    The OAA is the statutory backbone of the Senior Community 
Service Employment Program. SCSEP does not exist in isolation-
it is part of a broader ecosystem of services authorized and 
supported through the OAA. Reauthorization strengthens that 
entire infrastructure. It provides continuity, predictability, 
and the long-term stability needed for programs like SCSEP to 
operate effectively and plan for the future.
    When Congress reauthorizes the OAA, it sends a clear and 
unmistakable message to older Americans: you still matter, and 
we remain committed to investing in your ability to live with 
dignity, purpose, and economic security.
    For SCSEP in particular, reauthorization provides the 
stability needed to continue connecting low-income older adults 
with job training, community service roles, and meaningful 
pathways back into the workforce. It preserves their connection 
to community. It preserves their sense of purpose. For many 
participants, it quite literally ensures they have a reason to 
get up and get dressed in the morning-a structure, a 
contribution, and a place where they are valued.
    In short, reauthorizing the Older Americans Act is a 
reaffirmation of our commitment to seniors and a critical 
safeguard for the long-term stability of SCSEP and the many 
lives it touches.

    Question:

    What would happen to Georgia seniors if SCSEP were 
eliminated?

    Response:

    Prior to the funding pause, approximately 900 Georgia 
seniors were participating in SCSEP job training. 
Unfortunately, the 4.5 month pause gave us a painful preview of 
what happens when this lifeline is disrupted. That experience 
informs my answer today.
    Eliminating SCSEP would send a devastating message to older 
Georgians-that they do not matter. Our budget decisions reflect 
our values, and when we withdraw support from programs like 
SCSEP, we are signaling who we believe is worthy of investment.
    Many of these seniors already feel hopeless, isolated, and 
left behind. For countless participants, SCSEP was the first 
"yes" they had heard from the workforce in years. It restored 
dignity, purpose, and the belief that they still had something 
to contribute. Ending the program would undo that progress and 
leave them feeling discarded once again.
    The consequences would be severe. Some seniors would face 
homelessness. Others would be forced to ration medication. Food 
insecurity-already a daily reality for many-would worsen. 
Grandchildren who rely on their grandparents' modest support 
would go without basic supplies. And for too many, the loss of 
SCSEP would trigger profound depression and even suicidal 
ideation, as their last connection to community and purpose is 
severed.
    Programs like SCSEP are not luxuries. They are essential 
investments in vulnerable older adults and in the well being of 
our communities. When funding is disrupted, the cost is 
measured in human suffering. And once that damage occurs, there 
are no quick or easy fixes.
=======================================================================


                       Statements for the Record

=======================================================================
    

                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Statements for the Record

                             AARP Statement
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                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Statements for the Record

                  Lauren S. Marinaro, Esq., Statement
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                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Statements for the Record

             National Academy of Elder Attorneys Statement
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                 U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging

"Aging With Purpose: The Positive Impact Of Seniors In Today's Economy"

                           December 10, 2025

                       Statements for the Record

                   Ryann M. Siclari, Esq., Statement
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