[Senate Hearing 119-066]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                       S. Hrg. 119-066

                DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY 
               APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2026
=======================================================================

                                HEARINGS

                                BEFORE A

                          SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE

            COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                                   on

                               H.R. 4213

 AN ACT MAKING APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY 
 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 2026, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

                               __________

                    Department of Homeland Security

                               __________

         Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations
         
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]         

                  Available via http://www.govinfo.gov
                               __________
                               
                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
60-264 PDF                WASHINGTON : 2026
=======================================================================
                             
                      COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS

                     SUSAN M. COLLINS, Maine, Chair
MITCH McCONNELL, Kentucky            PATTY MURRAY, Washington,  Vice 
LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska                   Chair
LINDSEY GRAHAM, South Carolina       RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois
JERRY MORAN, Kansas                  JACK REED, Rhode Island
JOHN HOEVEN, North Dakota            JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire
JOHN BOOZMAN, Arkansas               JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon
SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia  CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware
JOHN KENNEDY, Louisiana              BRIAN SCHATZ, Hawaii
CINDY HYDE-SMITH, Mississippi        TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin
BILL HAGERTY, Tennessee              CHRISTOPHER MURPHY, Connecticut
KATIE BOYD BRITT, Alabama            CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland
MARKWAYNE MULLIN, Oklahoma           MARTIN HEINRICH, New Mexico
DEB FISCHER, Nebraska                GARY C. PETERS, Michigan
MIKE ROUNDS, South Dakota            KIRSTEN E. GILLIBRAND, New York
                                     JON OSSOFF, Georgia

                  Elizabeth McDonnell, Staff Director
                  Evan Schatz, Minority Staff Director
                                 ------                                

          Subcommittee on the Department of Homeland Security

                     KATIE BRITT, Alabama, Chairman
LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska               CHRISTOPHER MURPHY, Connecticut, 
SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia      Ranking
JOHN KENNEDY, Louisiana              PATTY MURRAY, Washington, (ex 
CINDY HYDE-SMITH, Mississippi            officio)
BILL HAGERTY, Tennessee              JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire
                                     GARY PETERS, Michigan
                                     CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland

                           Professional Staff

                             Daniel Mencher
                              Derek Gondek
                               Dave Roth

                        Kamela White (Minority)
                         Jim Daumit (Minority)
                      Katelyn Hamilton (Minority)
                      Elizabeth Lapham (Minority)

                         Administrative Support

                               Teddy Coes
                             Lloyd Belcher
                        Daniel Swaim (Minority)

                            C O N T E N T S

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                                                                   Page

                         Thursday, May 8, 2025

Department of Homeland Security..................................     1
                              ----------                              

                              back matter

List of Witnesses, Communications, and Prepared Statements.......    69

Subject Index:

    Department of Homeland Security..............................    71

 
  DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2026

                              ----------                              


                         THURSDAY, MAY 8, 2025

                                       U.S. Senate,
           Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The subcommittee met at 10:00 a.m. in Room 124, Dirksen 
Senate Office Building, Hon. Katie Britt (chairwoman) 
presiding.
    Present: Senators Britt, Collins, Murkowski, Capito, 
Kennedy, Hyde-Smith, Hagerty, Murphy, Murray, Shaheen, Peters, 
and Van Hollen.

                    DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

STATEMENT OF HON. KRISTI NOEM, SECRETARY


                opening statement of senator katie britt


    Senator Britt. The Homeland Security Appropriations 
Subcommittee will come to order. Secretary Noem, thank you so 
much for being here today to testify to the President's fiscal 
year 2026 budget request for the Department of Homeland 
Security. I am pleased to be joined by Senator Murphy, the 
Ranking Member of the subcommittee, as well as we have Vice 
Chair Murray that will be coming shortly. And of course, I am 
thrilled to have the Chair of our full appropriations 
committee, Chair Senator Collins, with us today. Thank you, 
Chair Collins for your leadership on this committee and your 
tireless effort to get us back to regular order, moving these 
bills not only through full committee, but making sure that 
they're seen on the floor.
    Senator Collins. Yes.
    Senator Britt. Since January 20th, under President Trump's 
leadership, the Department has actually become a priority. 
Rather than turning U.S. Border Patrol agents and Immigration 
and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers into paper pushers, 
President Trump has empowered the men and women of the United 
States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and Immigration and 
Customs Enforcement (ICE). This has resulted in gaining more 
control on the border and the enforcement of our immigration 
laws.
    In fact, President Trump has signed a new law, the Laken 
Riley Act, which further empowers ICE to help protect 
communities from criminal aliens. He has taken swift and 
decisive actions in other areas, such as restoring the Victims 
of Immigration Crime Engagement (VOICE) officers at ICE and 
reduced bureaucratic red tape that was counterproductive to 
achieving the mission.
    Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has a vast, 
important, and complex mission, and its 250,000 employees are 
responsible for keeping Americans safe from coast to coast, on 
the water, and in the air. As Chair of the Homeland Security 
Appropriation Subcommittee, it is my responsibility to work 
with you, Madam Secretary, and my fellow Senators, to 
appropriate the resources DHS needs to carry out its mission.
    One of the most important areas that we must dedicate 
resources to is border security and immigration enforcement. I 
want to say thank you to the brave men and women of CBP, and 
ICE who show up every single day to keep our borders secure, to 
keep our communities safe, and to enforce our immigration laws.
    Since President Trump took back the White House, we have 
seen historically low levels of encounters along the Southwest 
Border. In March, 2024, Border Patrol encountered 337,473 
people. Fast forward to March of 2025, under President Trump's 
leadership, Border Patrol encountered only 7,181 people. That's 
a 95 percent decrease. Thank you, Madam Secretary.
    Under the Biden Administration, there were nearly two 
million gotaways. And in 2023, the Chief of Border Patrol 
testified that gotaways may have been under reported by as much 
as 20 percent. The work that President Trump and this 
Administration have done to curb the flow of illegal migration 
is truly incredible. We've gone from record high encounters 
under the previous administration to two consecutive months of 
record lows.
    Ultimately, that means safer communities and families 
across our great country. But we cannot let up. We must 
continue to empower Border Patrol. We want our agents on the 
line to be equipped with the best tools available. We must also 
continue the renewed focus on interior enforcement where we 
have seen tremendous gain since President Trump took the oath 
of office. In fact, since President Trump's inauguration, there 
have been a 153 percent increase in removals stemming from ICE 
apprehensions, a true testament to the work done by DHS law 
enforcement officials that are working to safeguard our 
communities.
    As you know, Madam Secretary, the ultimate goal of 
immigration enforcement lifecycle is to remove individuals that 
are here unlawfully. And I commend your department in the 
pursuit in the end of that goal, one of the results of our open 
border policies supported by the previous administration with 
significant growth in ICE's non-detained docket growing from 
$3.7 million at the end of fiscal year 2021 to $7.6 million at 
the end of 2024. That is a 105 percent increase.
    Many will commit crimes while here waiting their turn to be 
processed, which is unacceptable, and why I fought so hard for 
the Laken Riley Act to pass Congress. And that is also why I 
was proud to be there when President Trump signed that into 
law. I am incredibly proud when you look at the work that 
Alabama does to support the Department of Homeland Security and 
the equities there in so many hardworking, dedicated public 
servants who show up every single day to fulfill that mission.
    From the incredible collaboration between DHS and our 
college programs on research to the Homeland Security 
Investigations (HSI) National Academy in Huntsville, to the 
Coast Guards Aviation Training Center in Mobile, it's 
gratifying to see that I represent a state that plays such an 
important role in protecting our country.
    Alabama is also home to some key institutions that fit 
within the administration's priorities of empowering state and 
local law enforcement to have a seat at the table when it comes 
to disaster recovery and national security, both Federal 
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Center for Domestic 
Preparedness and the National Computer Forensic Institute in 
Hoover provide key resources to local officials across our 
nation to ensure that they're equipped with the best knowledge, 
skills, and tools needed to protect and serve the United States 
of America.
    It is unfortunate that trainings have been canceled, 
especially at a time when cities across this country begin to 
prepare for the World Cup and the Olympics. Madam Secretary, I 
am certainly open to conversations about how all of this 
evolves, but I want to make sure that we are looking at future 
threats as well as existing threats, and I believe that we can 
do both.
    Another FEMA area that not only saves taxpayer dollars, but 
saves taxpayer lives is the Building Resilient Infrastructure 
and Communities (BRIC) program. Since President Trump signed 
the Disaster Recovery Reform Act, which authorizes BRIC, nearly 
$5 billion has gone to mitigation projects across 55 states and 
territories, and 37 tribal nations that requested funding. This 
is clearly a popular and important program.
    The program, obviously, is not without its challenges. 
Applying and implementing BRIC grants requires resources to 
many cities, states, and tribes that they may not have. But 
rather than ceasing to implement, we should work together to 
identify ways that BRIC could be amended to be less complex and 
more efficient.
    Madam Secretary, the people up here look forward to working 
with you and your team. We look forward to conversations about 
the President's fiscal year 2026 budget for DHS. From what I've 
seen, I am personally supportive of zeroing out the Shelter and 
Services Program, and I look forward to conversations about 
FEMA, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), 
and Transportation Security Administration (TSA). I hope that 
we will see requests for base increases to CBP, ICE, and 
elsewhere within DHS.
    You have an incredibly difficult job, Madam Secretary, and 
have stepped up to do it during one of the most challenging 
times. I want to thank you for your service, and I look forward 
to your testimony today, and to working with you and your team 
to making sure that America's borders are safe and its people 
are secure.
    I now turn to Senator Murphy, and recognize him for his 
opening remarks.


                statement of senator christopher murphy


    Senator Murphy. Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Madam 
Secretary, thank you for being here. I'm sorry that I missed 
your call yesterday. I look forward to working closely with 
you.
    I say this with seriousness and respect, but your 
department is out of control. You are spending like you don't 
have a budget. You're on the verge of running out of money for 
the fiscal year. You are illegally refusing to spend funds that 
have been authorized by this Congress and appropriated by this 
committee.
    You are ignoring the immigration laws of this nation, 
implementing a brand-new immigration system that you have 
invented that has little relation to the statutes that you are 
required, that you are commanded to follow as spelled out in 
your oath of office. You are routinely violating the rights of 
immigrants who may not be citizens, but whether you like it or 
not, they have constitutional and statutory rights when they 
reside in the United States.
    Your agency acts as if laws don't matter, as if the 
election gave you some mandate to violate the Constitution and 
the laws passed by this Congress. It did not give you that 
mandate. You act as if your disagreement with the law or even 
the public's disagreement with the law is relevant and gives 
you the ability to create your own law. It does not give you 
that ability.
    Let's start with your spending. You are on track to trigger 
the Antideficiency Act. That means you are going to spend more 
money than you have been allocated by Congress. This is a rare 
occurrence and it is wildly illegal. Your agency will be broke 
by July, over 2 months before the end of the fiscal year. You 
may not think that Congress has provided enough money to ICE, 
but the Constitution and the Federal law does not allow you to 
spend more money than you have been given or to invent money.
    And this obsession with spending at the border, as the 
chairwoman mentioned, has left the country unprotected 
elsewhere. The security threats to the United States are 
higher, not lower before than when before Trump came to office 
to fund the border. You have illegally gutted spending for 
cybersecurity as we speak. Russian and Chinese hackers are 
having a field day attacking our nation. You've withdrawn funds 
for disaster prevention. Storms are going to kill more people 
in this country because of your illegal withholding of these 
funds. Your myopia about the border fueled by President Trump's 
prejudice against people who speak a different language, has 
shattered many of this country's most important defenses.
    Now, let's talk about the impoundments. When Congress 
appropriates funds for a specific purpose, the administration 
has no discretion as to whether to spend or not spend that 
money, unless you go through a very specific process with this 
committee.
    Let me give you two of many instances of this illegal 
impoundment. The first is a Shelter and Services Program. 
Senator Britt may want to zero that account out, but that 
account is funded, and it was funded in a bipartisan way. You 
don't like the program. Your policy is to treat migrants badly. 
I think that's abhorrent. But it doesn't matter that you don't 
like the program. You cannot cancel spending in this program, 
and you cannot use the funds as you have to fund other things 
like ICE.
    You have also canceled citizenship and integration grants, 
which help lawful permanent residents become citizens, helping 
them take the citizenship test. I know your goal is to try to 
make life as hard as possible for immigrants, but that goal is 
not broadly shared by the American public. That's why Congress 
in a bipartisan way, for decades, has funded this program to 
help immigrants in this country become citizens.
    Now, let's talk about why encounters at the Southern Border 
are down so much. This is clearly going to be your primary 
talking point. Today, you will tell us that it represents a 
success, but the primary reason why encounters are down is 
because you are brazenly violating the law.
    Every hour of every day, you are refusing to allow people 
showing up at the Southern Border to apply for asylum. I 
acknowledge that you don't believe that people should be able 
to apply for asylum, but you don't get to choose that. The 
White House doesn't get to choose that.
    The law requires you to process people who are showing up 
at the border and who claim asylum. Why? Because our asylum law 
is a bipartisan commitment, an effort to correct for our 
nation's unconscionable decision to deny entry to Jews to this 
country who were being hunted and killed by the Nazis. Our 
nation's Republicans and Democrats decided, wrote it into law, 
that we would not repeat that horror ever again. And thus, we 
would allow for people who were fleeing terror and torture to 
come here, arrive at the border, and make a case for asylum.
    Finally, let's talk about these disappearances. In an 
autocratic society, people who the regime does not like are 
people who are protesting the regime. They are just often 
picked up off the street, spirited away sometimes to open-ended 
detention. Sometimes they're never seen again. What you are 
doing, both the individuals who have legal rights to stay here, 
like Kilmar Abrego Garcia, or students who are just protesting 
Trump's policies, is immoral, and to follow the theme, it is 
illegal. You have no right to deport a student visa holder with 
no due process simply because they have spoken in a way that 
offends the President. You can't remove migrants who a court 
has given humanitarian protection from removal.
    Now, reports suggest that you are planning to remove 
immigrants with no due process and send them to prisons in 
Libya. Libya is in the middle of a civil war. It is subject to 
a Level 4 travel advisory. Meaning, we tell American citizens 
never to travel to Libya. We don't have an Embassy there 
because it is not safe for our diplomats. Sending migrants with 
pending asylum claims into a war zone just because it's cruel, 
is so deeply disturbing.
    Listen, I understand that my Republican colleagues on this 
committee don't view the policy the way that I do. My 
Republican colleagues don't share my level of concern for the 
way that this administration treats immigrants. That's fine. 
But what I don't understand is why we don't have consensus in 
the Senate and on this committee, on the decision by this 
administration to impound the spending that we have decided 
together to allocate in defense of this nation.
    We as an appropriations committee, we work interminable 
hours to write and pass a budget. This budget is really hard to 
write and pass. And so, we make ourselves irrelevant when we 
allow the Administration to ignore what we have decided. And 
then when we look the other way, when the Administration rounds 
up immigrants who are here illegally and have committed no 
offense, no offenses worthy of detainment, we also do potential 
irreversible damage to the Constitution. These should not be 
partisan concerns, destroying the power of Congress eroding 
individuals' constitutional rights. This should matter to both 
parties.
    Madam Secretary, thank you for being here and I look 
forward to your testimony.
    Senator Collins [presiding]. Madam Secretary, let me first 
explain that Chair Britt is trying to cover two different 
subcommittees. She will be returning, but in the meantime, has 
asked that I take the gavel. And, fortunately, that means that 
I get to welcome you, but also ask the first questions. But 
first we want to hear your statement, so please proceed.


                 summary statement of hon. kristi noem


    Secretary Noem. Yes. Well, thank you, Senator Collins. And 
I do want to thank Senator Britt as well for bringing this 
group of individuals together for this committee hearing so 
that we could talk about the priorities of the United States of 
America, and what we can do to work together to secure our 
homeland. I do want to thank Senator Murphy as well, and look 
forward to our conversations that we can have today and far 
into the future.
    In the first 100 days, the Trump administration has already 
delivered for the American people, a drastic turnaround in 
homeland security from the Southern Border, to investing in our 
Coast Guard, to cybersecurity. And we are just getting started. 
I'm very proud of the accomplishments that we have made so far, 
and working with President Trump and his leadership since he 
took office.
    At the Southern Border, we have obtained near total control 
with a 95 percent decrease in daily encounters since President 
Trump took office. March, saw the lowest number of encounters 
in this nation's history at less than 7,200. There were days in 
there where we had less than 200 encounters a day, which is 
absolutely remarkable. And again, that is the lowest number of 
encounters at the border in this nation's history.
    Under the previous Administration, when Joe Biden was the 
President of the United States, U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection was at times encountering over 15,000 people per 
day. This astonishing turnaround is a testament to the resolve 
and to the leadership of President Trump to make America safe, 
and to the incredible work of the men and women of the 
Department of Homeland Security.
    The secure border has allowed Border Patrol to zero in on 
the cartels and on illicit activities that are going on. 
President Trump has designated six different cartels and 
violent criminal gangs as foreign terrorist organizations. This 
has allowed us to use a whole-of-government approach in how we 
go after drug traffickers and human traffickers. And in March, 
fentanyl traffic at the border fell by 54 percent compared to 
the previous year.
    We're enforcing immigration laws to identify, arrest, 
detain, and remove dangerous illegals from our country. We're 
prioritizing those who have committed crimes, aliens who are a 
threat to our public safety and to our national security, 
especially those who are affiliated with terrorist 
organizations such as Tren de Aragua and MS-13. This includes 
those who also have final orders of removal. We've worked to 
enforce President Trump's America First trade agenda through 
the U.S. Custom and Border Protections enforcement.
    The Biden Administration's policies hollowed out our 
economy and America's industrial base, and it shipped our jobs 
overseas. President Trump is changing that. His historic 
actions are proving that tariffs are an effective negotiating 
tool to address trade imbalances. And, in fact, companies are 
reshoring jobs here every single day.
    The Department of Homeland Security is reforming and we're 
rethinking Federal involvement in emergency management. 
President Trump recently announced that there will be a FEMA 
Review Council, which I will co-chair with the Department of 
Defense Secretary. This council is charged with fixing a broken 
system that's returning power to state emergency management 
directors and making America safe.
    We're also taking steps to defend the nation's 
transportation systems, which are vulnerable to targets and to 
attacks. The Transportation Security Administration is 
responsible for ensuring the security of all those who travel. 
In a single day, there are over 45,000 flights in this country 
with nearly 2.9 million passengers in the United States. We're 
fulfilling our obligation to launch REAL ID, which happened 
yesterday, and we follow Federal law as it was passed 20 years 
ago. Validated IDs will secure travel, safeguard our elections, 
and make sure that we never open a door to an opportunity for 
another tragedy like 9/11 again.
    As technology advances, so do the threats to our nation, 
and that's why cybersecurity is a crucial component of our 
security measures we're taking seriously and investing in going 
forward. Countries like communist China have built a capability 
and the intent to infiltrate and potentially disrupt our 
critical infrastructure. But despite these threats, the Biden 
Administration instead used CISA to play politics and to police 
speech.
    Under President Trump, we've been working to get CISA back 
on-mission, and make sure that they are securing our 
infrastructure. The Coast Guard is the only branch of the U.S. 
Armed Services that are under the Department of Homeland 
Security. It has many missions with specialized needs, and as 
we secure the southern border, the cartels have shifted their 
activities out to the maritime borders.
    The Coast Guard has already surpassed fiscal year 2024 drug 
interdiction numbers, and search and rescue, and illegal 
interdiction. Still, the Coast Guard is facing our greatest 
readiness challenge since World War II. With Force Design 2028, 
we will transform the Coast Guard to make it a more agile, 
capable, and responsive force.
    And since I took office, one of the responsibilities that I 
have is reforming the Secret Service in the wake of the July 
13th assassination attempt. We have needs there that I'm hoping 
you will consider. We've reassessed the Secret Service's needs. 
We've refocused recruitment away from Diversity, Equity, and 
Inclusion (DEI) objectives, and instead focused people in on 
investing in the agency's zero-fail mission.
    These accomplishments are just a portion of what the 
Department of Homeland Security has achieved with President 
Trump's leadership in the last 100 days. And with the support 
of this committee, I'm hopeful that we'll be able to make this 
department more efficient and more effective in securing our 
nation.
    I'm so grateful to the men and women of the department, and 
they are examples of bravery, patriotism, and dedication. It's 
our responsibility to continue providing them with resources, 
training, and equipment that they need to do their jobs.
    Thank you so much for your support, for the opportunity to 
be here, and I look forward to the discussion.
    [The statement follows:]
                 Prepared Statement of Hon. Kristi Noem
                              introduction
    Chair Britt, Ranking Member Murphy, and distinguished Members of 
this Committee:
    It is a privilege to present to you the Department of Homeland 
Security's critical work to keep our Nation safe and share our 
priorities for Fiscal Year 2026. In the first 100 days under President 
Trump's leadership, the Department has established the most secure 
border in our Nation's history, kept dangerous criminals out of 
America, and deported illegal aliens who threaten our people. We will 
not stop until there are none left.
    The President's FY 2026 Budget request for DHS will establish a 
firm foundation upon which to surge resources in support of the 
Administration's border security and immigration enforcement 
objectives. The Administration has requested over $175 billion for DHS 
as part of the reconciliation bill currently under consideration in 
Congress. Reconciliation would empower the DHS to implement the 
President's mass removal campaign and secure the border.
    As we work to implement President Trump's policies, I am determined 
to lead the over 270,000 men and women of the Department in the most 
efficient and effective way possible to safeguard our Nation. While the 
Department can seem disparate--23 component offices with broad ranging 
missions sets-we are united in our resolve to protect the homeland and 
stand ready to defend these United States against threats by air, land, 
sea or cyberspace. From clearing the streets of terrorists to deploying 
to disaster-ridden communities to help after a natural disaster, the 
brave men and women serving on our front lines must be fully equipped 
to perform their duty to keep America safe and secure.
    Under President Trump's leadership, I am committed to securing our 
Nation's borders, enforcing immigration laws, securing cyberspace and 
critical infrastructure, enabling transportation and trade, combating 
exploitation, and ensuring American resilience and preparedness.
    U.S. Customs and Border Protection, for instance, is now focused on 
critical border security front line operations instead of serving as a 
pass-through agency processing illegal aliens into our country like 
under the last administration. The message has gotten out worldwide 
that America is now enforcing our laws and the border is closed. The 
issuing of Notices to Appear, Withdrawals, and Expedited Removals 
decreased by 99 percent from January 21 through April 15 of 2025, 
compared to the same timeframe in Fiscal Year 2024. There has been a 93 
percent decrease in inadmissibility encounters throughout the southwest 
border since January 21, 2025. We have also seen a 94 percent decrease 
in encounters of unaccompanied alien children.
    America is witnessing a historic decrease in illicit drug traffic 
due to the Trump Administration's policy changes, swift repatriation 
efforts, aggressive prosecutorial initiatives, and significant 
messaging campaigns. In March of 2025, illicit fentanyl traffic at the 
southwest border fell by 54 percent compared to March of 2024. The U.S. 
Coast Guard and U.S. Customs and Border Protection have seized nearly 
232,000 pounds of fentanyl and other illicit drugs-stopping them from 
ever reaching American communities.
    There has been a significant decline in the number of illegal 
aliens coming over the border, as many are turning back before they 
even get here. March of 2025 saw the lowest number of border encounters 
in recorded history, at just under 7,200. On February 25, 2025, Border 
Patrol encountered a record low daily total of less than 160 illegal 
aliens at the southern border. Overall, border encounters have fallen 
by 99 percent, and there has been a 95 percent decrease in the number 
of estimated gotaways--the biggest threat to public safety.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ A gotaway is an illegal entry that was detected and that all 
efforts to continue tracking the entry have stopped.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Following the Trump Administration's designation of six cartels and 
two transnational gangs as Foreign Terrorist Organizations, we have 
been able to use a whole-of-government approach to crack down on these 
vicious groups, treating them like the terrorists they are. Under 
President Trump, DHS is committed to complete construction of the 
southern border wall, a commonsense solution to securing our border. 
Currently, we have more than 85 miles of new border barrier, 17 miles 
of which are waterborne barriers, in various stages of construction and 
planning. We are also working with DoD and the Texas National Guard to 
deploy temporary barriers to include concertina wire, razor wire, chain 
link fencing, and additional barriers. This is in addition to the 
Administration's request for billions of additional dollars for border 
barrier like new primary and secondary border wall systems, waterborne 
barrier systems, and technology where wall is currently installed but 
lacks the completed systems needed.
    We are committed to enforcing the United States' immigration laws. 
Our priority is to identify, arrest, detain, and remove dangerous 
criminal illegal aliens and those with final orders of removal. We are 
giving illegal aliens the opportunity to voluntarily self-deport using 
the CBP Home app, in response and contrast to the Biden 
Administration's utilization of the CBP One app, which allowed more 
than 1 million aliens to illegally enter the United States. Self-
deportation is the best option for illegal aliens, while preserving our 
law enforcement resources. It saves our taxpayer dollars and allows us 
to focus valuable resources on dangerous criminal illegal aliens.
    Our enforcement efforts prioritize illegal aliens who have 
committed crimes and are a threat to public safety and national 
security, including aliens who are affiliated with Foreign Terrorist 
Organizations like Tren de Aragua and MS-13. However, U.S. Immigration 
and Customs Enforcement has the authority to deport anyone in the 
country here illegally, which is a crime.
    The number of suspected gang members U.S. Immigration and Customs 
Enforcement has arrested since January 20, 2025, represents a 105 
percent increase compared to the same period in Fiscal Year 2024. The 
number of known or suspected terrorists we have arrested from January 
20 to mid-April this year represents a 700 percent increase compared to 
the same period in Fiscal Year 2024.\2\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\ ICE arrest data is current through April 16, 2025.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    We have secured the border, decreased drug trafficking, and 
arrested criminal illegal aliens, but we need Congress to secure 
investments in staffing, infrastructure, technology, information 
sharing, and public-private partnerships to ensure these successes 
continue.
                           trade enforcement
    Our Homeland Security mission includes safeguarding the American 
worker. We are committed to enforcing President Trump's America First 
Trade Agenda. On April 2, 2025, Liberation Day, President Trump 
announced new tariffs on 185 countries to address the National 
emergency posed by the large and persistent goods trade deficits that 
is driven by the absence of reciprocity in our trade relationships. 
That day, he hammered home that the days of unilateral American 
disarmament in trade policy are over.
    As U.S. Customs and Border Protection enforces tariffs on imports 
and Homeland Security Investigations performs criminal investigations 
on illicit trade, travel, and finance, the Department of Homeland 
Security stands on the frontlines of America's economic defense. We 
have been open and receptive to reasonable overtures made by our 
trading partners, who have come to the negotiating table. This has 
proven what we have known all along: tariffs work.
    We've implemented automated systems, targeted inspections, and 
field guidance in the hands of frontline officers to improve tariff 
collections. In Antidumping and Countervailing Duty revenue collection, 
we secured $1.1 billion in additional revenue as a result of targeted 
reviews of 774 shipments that were detected as discrepant for 
Antidumping and Countervailing Duty payment. Since January 20, 2025, we 
have collected over $30 billion in tariffs. With a 99 percent 
collection rate, U.S. Customs and Border Protection has consistently 
shown to be an extremely reliable enforcement arm in collecting tariff 
revenue.
    We play a critical role in enforcing U.S. laws prohibiting imports 
of goods made with forced labor, which is a form of human trafficking. 
In enforcing these laws to include the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention 
Act, we keep these illicit goods from entry into our markets, 
preventing malign actors from profiting off human rights abuses and 
undermining U.S. businesses and their workers with unfairly traded 
goods. Eliminating goods made with forced labor from globalsupply 
chains makes legitimate supply chains more resilient and allows 
American made products to compete on a level playing field.
                 transportation security administration
    Keeping American travelers safe requires that we safeguard our 
inherently open and vulnerable transportation systems. The 
Transportation Security Administration is directly responsible for 
ensuring Americans can travel within the U.S. safely and securely. In a 
single day, the U.S. sees over 45,000 flights and 2.9 million airline 
passengers cross more than 29 million miles of air space.\3\ In 
addition to mention maritime and land-based public transport.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \3\ Air Traffic By The Numbers Federal Aviation Administration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    We will do what other administrations failed to do--follow the law 
and implement the REAL ID program to stop domestic air travel of 
illegal aliens, criminals, and foreign nationals using fraudulent 
identification. This law was passed over 20 years ago, and 81% percent 
of American travelers are already REAL ID compliant. We will ensure 
compliance and security. REAL ID was created to help ensure that no 
horrific attack like the one on 9/11 will ever happen again. To prepare 
for implementation which began on May 7, 2025, we have been working 
closely with States to ensure compliance and urge every American to 
obtain a REAL ID for smoother and more secure air travel.
    The Transportation Security Administration continues to improve 
efficiency while enhancing security through growth of the TSA PreCheck 
program, accounting for over one-third of all travel volume. Over 21 
million travelers have seen how easy it is to enroll in TSA PreCheck, 
with reduced pricing for enrollments and renewals, making it more 
affordable for all eligible U.S. travelers.
                cybersecurity and combatting cyber crime
    In the hyper-connected 21st century, securing the homeland now 
includes protecting our cyber infrastructure. The threat environment to 
our homeland through cyberspace now changes by the nanosecond, and we 
must keep up. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency 
proactively addresses a rapidly evolving cyber threat environment and 
thwarts cyber-attacks from foreign adversaries and cyber criminals. 
These attacks continue to grow in frequency, scope, and severity, as 
demonstrated by the recent cyber espionage campaign by the threat actor 
known as Salt Typhoon, which resulted in the compromise of private 
communications of several high-profile individuals from adversaries and 
criminals who seek to do us harm.
    China has repeatedly demonstrated its capability and intent to 
infiltrate and potentially disrupt critical systems within the United 
States. Chinese-affiliated actors have compromised multiple 
1communications, energy, transportation, and water critical 
infrastructure organizations across the country. Every day, the 
Department of Homeland Security works with government, industry, and 
international partners to prevent, detect, and respond to cyber 
intrusions to U.S. critical infrastructure.
    We have dramatically increased our cyber operations to prevent 
threats and address vulnerabilities within the Federal Government. This 
effort goes hand-in-hand with our critical infrastructure efforts, as 
China and other nation States are often leveraging the same tools and 
tactics to weaken and spy on the U.S. Our unique authorities and 
positioning between the Intelligence Community, law enforcement, 
industry, and international partners is critical to understanding cyber 
adversary intent and applying critical protections domestically.
                          u.s. secret service
    Since the beginning of the Trump Administration, the men and women 
of the U.S. Secret Service have ensured the safety of protectees during 
more than 1,400 official visits and successfully secured the safety of 
visiting world leaders at over 270 protective visits. At the same time, 
Secret Service investigative operations have recovered hundreds of 
millions of dollars and bolstered the law enforcement partnerships that 
enable these types of operations. In the first 2 months of this 
Administration, the agency's criminal and cyber investigations have 
enabled the Secret Service to return over $226,000,000 in forfeited 
assets to American people who were victims of crimes and incurred 
financial loss.
    Secret Service manpower needs have been reassessed in the wake of 
the July 13, 2024, assassination attempt on President Trump. We have 
since implemented targeted recruiting for experience and training that 
is transferable to specialty teams. We also created a talent pipeline 
with military organizations whose missions align with the Secret 
Service's technical requirements and have advanced digital platforms to 
enhance job candidate outreach and engagement.
    Secret Service has executed two nationwide advertising campaigns to 
increase recruitment, which are already yielding incredible recruiting 
results. Under President Trump, the Secret Service has had a 194 
percent increase in applications since this period last year and have 
hired the most Special Agents in the agency's history. We are on track 
to almost double last year's law enforcement hiring.
                            u.s. coast guard
    The U.S. Coast Guard is a central pillar of American national 
security and power projection. As a military service and law 
enforcement organization, the Coast Guard faces a unique set of 
operational challenges and opportunities, necessitating a unique 
posture for rapid response to a variety of evolving missions with a 
modernized fleet that supports these requirements. As the Arctic 
increases in importance to American security, the Coast Guard is 
uniquely positioned as the only military service possessing the fleet 
necessary to break polar ice and maintain sea lanes.
    The Coast Guard is facing the greatest readiness crisis since World 
War II. We are acting now through Force Design 2028 to restore 
capability and deter emerging threats. With Congress' help, we will 
transform the Coast Guard and deliver a future-ready force. President 
Trump and I are fully aligned in their directive: reinvigorate the 
Coast Guard or risk strategic failure.
    Focused on four campaigns--Force Design 2028 will reform the U.S. 
Coast Guard's personnel, organization, contracting and acquisition, and 
technology. Increased national demand for our Coast Guard requires a 
larger, more capable military workforce. This campaign will improve 
training systems, boost access to medical care, and modernize both the 
Coast Guard Reserve and the civilian management system.
    As global security threats, technological advancements, and 
operational demands continue to evolve, the Coast Guard must adapt its 
organizational construct and internal decision-making and governance 
processes to remain relevant, effective, and responsive. We will 
develop a high velocity acquisition and contracting system to rapidly 
deliver the assets the Service needs to fulfill its commitment to the 
American people. The Coast Guard will accelerate the adoption of 
secure, state-of-the-market technologies to enhance data sharing, 
situational awareness, and operational effectiveness.
    The great men and women of our U.S. Coast Guard are excited to 
support the efforts of the Administration to secure our border and 
strengthen our economy. The Coast Guard continues to conduct search and 
rescue missions, and to detect, deter, and interdict illegal migration, 
drug smuggling, and other malign activity before it reaches our shores.
               emergency management and disaster response
    The Federal Government's role in emergency management and response 
needs to be both reformed and reimagined. Under President Trump's 
leadership, we are reorienting the Federal Emergency Management 
agency's responsibilities and eliminate the dysfunction of the current 
agency as it exists today. We need to enable preparedness against 
global and dynamic threats and hazards, while providing expeditious, 
effective, and impartial response to disasters. This alignment seeks to 
empower State and local jurisdictions and individuals to engage more 
actively in national resilience and preparedness.
    Just four days after returning to office, President Trump directed 
aggressive actions to expedite response and recovery in areas recently 
devastated by hurricanes or wildfires. Within those first four days, 
President Trump was on the ground meeting survivors in North Carolina 
who endured Hurricane Helene and in California who endured preventable 
wildfires around Los Angeles County. Within days of the President's 
visit, we registered 2,600 families in North Carolina that desperately 
needed help and reduced by nearly 80 percent the number of assistance 
cases stuck in bureaucratic red tape. While taxpayer dollars continue 
to subsidize the majority of disaster response and recovery costs, we 
are identifying ways to preserve these tax dollars or use them more 
responsibly.
    The American people need action not red tape, and the President 
continues to identify opportunities to enhance efficiency while 
expediting response to ongoing natural disasters, including severe 
weather, tornadoes, flooding, or wildfires across multiple States. 
Thanks to President Trump's approval of Stafford Act declarations, we 
provided over $58 million dollars in assistance directly to survivors 
and enabled rapid deployment of Incident Management Assistance Teams, 
emergency communication support, and Urban Search and Rescue teams, 
bolstering State and local disaster response operations.
    President Trump remains committed to saving American lives and 
livelihoods, and we will institute commonsense approaches to achieve 
national security and resilience while empowering State and local 
governments and the strongest of all 4American citizens.
                               conclusion
    As the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security, I can 
proudly say that with honor and integrity, we will safeguard the 
American people, our homeland, and our values. The achievements I share 
are just a few examples of what we have accomplished in just 100 days. 
With a job as big as the one the men and women of this Department take 
on every day, it is impossible to list all of the things that its 23 
components are doing to protect the American people and improve 
operations to deliver a more responsive and efficient government.
    I am grateful to the men and women of the Department of Homeland 
Security who exude bravery, dedication, and patriotism as they carry 
out their sworn duties allowing the American people to sleep better at 
night. We dutifully ask Congress to continue providing our men and 
women with the resources that they need to do their jobs.
    Thank you for the opportunity to appear before you today. I look 
forward to your questions.

    Senator Britt [presiding]. Thank you so much, Madam 
Secretary. I'd like to first recognize Chair Collins for her 
round of questioning.

                       DRUG TRAFFICKING IN MAINE

    Senator Collins. Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Madam 
Secretary, I want to bring to your attention an important issue 
that may not yet be one that you've been briefed on. In August 
of 2023, DHS issued a memo in which the department stated that 
it had identified more than 270 Chinese-backed illegal 
marijuana operations in the State of Maine alone, producing up 
to an estimated $4.3 billion in illicit revenue. These grow 
houses are primarily run by Chinese organized crime syndicates 
with ties to the Chinese Communist Party.
    Our sheriffs and local law enforcement have worked night 
and day to shut down these grow houses that tend to be located 
in very rural areas of the state. I hope that the President's 
more detailed budget requests include funding that can be used 
to help supplement the county, state, and local law enforcement 
efforts. United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) 
has also been involved. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has been 
involved. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is starting 
to get involved, but DHS obviously has an important role to 
play. So I hope you will commit today to joining this all-of-
government effort to shut down these dangerous illegal grow 
houses.
    Undoubtedly, there's human trafficking going on as well. 
The marijuana is destroying these houses with black mold 
because it's grown inside to try to hide what is going on, and 
it's being smuggled to other states. This isn't just a problem 
in Maine. Some 22 states have similarly found these illegal 
grow operations with ties to transnational criminal 
organizations in China.
    Secretary Noem. Well, thank you, Senator Collins. I 
appreciate you bringing this to my attention and this important 
discussion. Obviously, we're very concerned with securing our 
border and knowing who's coming into our country illegally, but 
also who's already here. And so, you pointing out the fact that 
we have investments in this country, businesses, and marijuana 
grow houses that have a presence of ties to the People's 
Republic of China (PRC) is incredibly alarming.
    So I agree that we should work together to see what we can 
do. As you know, the Department of Homeland Security, our 
mission is to secure the homeland. I tell people quite often 
that my responsibility lies with everyone who's in this 
country, comes into this country, or leaves every product 
that's here that leaves or comes in. And then everything on the 
Internet as well that's communicated or processed. This is 
alarming that we have China. Not only are they stealing our IP, 
manipulating their currency, but they're building a presence in 
this country as well. And so, everything that we can do to make 
sure that we're addressing that and not allowing them to get a 
foothold within the center of our country and in our important 
states like Maine, is incredibly important. So, thank you for 
bringing it to the attention of everyone today, and I commit to 
working with you.

                          H-2A AND H-2B VISAS

    Senator Collins. Thank you, Madam Secretary. As you 
undoubtedly know, Maine is a great destination for tourists. 
Last year, we had 14.8 million tourism visits. We're a state of 
only 1.3 million people. I imagine it's similar to some of what 
you've experienced when you were governor. So, Maine is heavily 
dependent, particularly our hospitality industry and our 
agricultural employers, on seasonal temporary workers from 
other countries who come here under the H-2A program for 
agricultural workers and the H-2B programs for hospitality 
workers.
    There's no way that our state of 1.3 million has the 
workforce to deal with the influx of tourists and to get our 
crops out of the ground. Our small businesses, our inns, our 
restaurants, and our hotels are perfect examples of where 
foreign nationals who come to our country temporarily to 
benefit from, but also contribute to the American economy in a 
lawful way are absolutely critical.
    I know that some of the visas have been released by the 
department, and I would ask for your help in expediting the 
release of the H-2B visas, in particular, given the upcoming 
tourism season.
    Secretary Noem. Thank you for that question, Senator. And 
you know, as you know, the number of visas allowed is set in 
statute by Congress, but there is some latitude given to the 
Secretary, so I certainly take your request and know that many 
others have asked us to go and give as much latitude as 
possible, and we are certainly considering and willing to 
consider that going forward.
    Senator Collins. Thank you. My time has expired, so I'm 
just going to put one quick item on your radar screen. And that 
is, we're seeing some college students from Canada who go to 
school in northern Maine at the University of Maine at Pascal, 
having difficulty in crossing the border, which they used to be 
able to do very easily.
    They're totally legal, they have student visas, but they're 
being subjected to extensive searches and questioning. I don't 
want us to discourage Canadian students from studying at the 
northern Maine institutions that we have for education. So 
again, I just want to put that on your radar screen.
    There are so many others who do deserve scrutiny, but these 
are duly enrolled Canadian students, and they've been crossing 
the border for years without trouble, and lately they're being 
subjected to extensive searches and questioning despite having 
their visas and other documents in order.
    Secretary Noem. Okay. I will certainly look into that.
    Senator Collins. Thank you.
    Senator Britt. Thank you. Vice Chair Murphy.

                    DEPORTATIONS OF LEGAL RESIDENTS

    Senator Murphy. Thank you very much. Madam Secretary, AI is 
an enormous growing industry, critical to the future economic 
health of the country. We have had the benefit over the years 
of the top talent in Artificial Intelligence (AI); researchers, 
and students, coming to the United States to help us grow that 
industry. But for the first time in the last 15 years, there 
are more top talented individuals and workers in AI leaving the 
country than coming here.
    And the reason is pretty simple. People who are coming here 
to work from overseas through the visa program are very 
uncertain about what their rights are. And that is because of 
the actions this administration has taken. So I think it's 
important to get on the record for those individuals who are 
here currently and those thinking of coming to the United 
States to work or to study to understand what their rights are.
    So let me ask you a series of pretty simple questions. 
Probably, the key of right amongst the five freedoms is the 
right to free speech, the right to express your own personal 
opinion about politics, culture, the economy. Do you believe 
that you have the right to detain or deport a U.S. citizen for 
simply expressing their political opinion, a U.S. citizen?
    Secretary Noem. No.
    Senator Murphy. No. Do you believe that you have the right 
to detain or deport a legal permanent resident for expressing 
their political opinion?
    Secretary Noem. I don't make decisions on legal status here 
in the United States. The Department of State does that, and I 
would say that as they've gone through an evaluation of who 
gets a visa, who gets legal status, green cards. They've been 
evaluating and discussing how that applies.
    Senator Murphy. I acknowledge you don't make--but if 
someone is a legal permanent resident of the United States, I'm 
not talking about an H-1B, or a student visa holder. I'm 
talking about a legal permanent resident. If you are a legal 
permanent resident, do you have the right to detain or deport 
that person simply for expressing their political opinion?
    Secretary Noem. The Department of State makes those 
decisions and the Department of Homeland Security.
    Senator Murphy. No, no, no, they don't. You make that 
decision about who you have the right to detain or deport. So, 
do you--you are involved in that. Do you believe the United 
States, do you believe the law allows----
    Secretary Noem. The Department of Homeland Security under 
the Trump administration is enforcing the law, following the 
constitutional rights of folks who are here as citizens, those 
who are here legally, and those who are here illegally.
    Senator Murphy. So, illegal permanent resident is by 
definition here, legally. Do you believe--I think this is 
really troubling if you can't answer this simple question. Do 
you believe that the U.S. government can detain and deport a 
legal permanent resident for expressing a political opinion 
that the Administration disagrees with?
    Secretary Noem. The determination you're asking for is 
based on things that you are determining that the Secretary of 
State has considered and evaluated. We don't evaluate that, the 
administration, along with the partnership with the Department 
of State on what is political speech and what's an affiliation 
with the foreign terrorist group.
    Senator Murphy. Do you believe?
    Secretary Noem. That's the difference between what you're 
asking.
    Senator Murphy. Do you believe?
    Secretary Noem. We follow the direction of Federal law.
    Senator Murphy. That you can detain a legal resident for 
expressing a political opinion?
    Secretary Noem. We have not detained, or we have not 
deported anybody who's a legal permanent resident or citizen of 
the United States.
    Senator Murphy. Okay. Then say you don't have the ability 
to do that. Clarify that for the millions of----
    Secretary Noem. That's exactly what I'm doing. Is that we 
have followed exactly what the law is, and that we have not 
detained or deported anybody who's a citizen or has legal 
status in this country. We are focused on the worst of the 
worst, dangerous criminals to get them out of the country.
    Senator Murphy. You do not believe you have the ability to 
do that.
    Secretary Noem. We have not done that at all. And the Trump 
Administration has no plans to.
    Senator Murphy. Well, just because you haven't done it 
doesn't mean you won't do in the future.
    Secretary Noem. We're following Federal law to ensure that 
we're doing that.
    Senator Murphy. Do you believe you have the ability to do 
that or not?

         COMPLYING WITH SUPREME COURT DECISION ON ABREGO GARCIA

    Secretary Noem. We are doing the exact appropriate thing in 
partnership with the Department of State and in partnership 
with the Trump Administration.
    Senator Murphy. Have you read the--I assume you have read 
the Supreme Court decision in the case of Kilmar Abrego Garcia?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Murphy. That court decision requires the 
Administration to facilitate Kilmar Abrego Garcia's release 
from El Salvador. Can you describe the steps that you have 
taken to facilitate this release? And specifically, can you 
answer as to whether you have reached out to your counterpart 
in El Salvador to facilitate Mr. Abrego Garcia's release?
    Secretary Noem. Abrego Garcia is a citizen of El Salvador, 
and should never have been in this country, and will not be 
coming back to this country. There is no scenario where Abrego 
Garcia will be in the United States. Again, if he were to come 
back, we would immediately deport him again because he is a 
terrorist. He's a human smuggler, and he is a wife beater.
    Senator Murphy. You've read the Supreme Court decision. 
Does the Supreme Court decision not require you to facilitate 
the return of Mr. Abrego Garcia?
    Secretary Noem. The Trump Administration is complying with 
all court orders and judges' orders.
    Senator Murphy. Does the Supreme Court order require you to 
facilitate the return of Abrego Garcia?
    Secretary Noem. Mr. Abrego Garcia is a citizen of El 
Salvador.
    Senator Murphy. Yes or no?
    Secretary Noem. It is up to the President of the El 
Salvador to make the decision whether he's coming back.
    Senator Murphy. You're a defendant on the case.
    Secretary Noem. It's been a big topic of conversation 
between all of us, between the country when the President 
visited the United States of America. It was discussed and 
talked about there. The President has been very clear on this 
issue as the Secretary of State. And I have as well. Abrego 
Garcia is not a citizen of this country, and is a dangerous 
individual who does not belong here.
    Senator Murphy. I'll not ask another question, Madam Chair.
    Secretary Noem. If he were to be back to this country, we 
would immediately deport him.
    Senator Murphy. But the discussion ends when the Supreme 
Court rules 9-0 that you have to facilitate his release, and 
the fact that you can't even acknowledge the wording of the 
order, which commands you to facilitate his release, and you 
advertise to this committee that you are going to willfully 
ignore the ruling.
    Secretary Noem. That is not true, Senator.
    Senator Murphy. That is incredibly chilling for the balance 
of powers in a democracy that relies on the executive branch to 
honor decisions made by the highest court of the land.

                     COMMITMENT TO BORDER SECURITY

    Senator Britt. Madam Secretary, I'd actually like to take a 
little bit of my time real quick to turn to an actual Maryland 
resident. And I believe if we're going to spend that much time 
talking about Mr. Abrego Garcia, we need to talk about Rachel 
Morin. And she was a citizen of Maryland who was brutally raped 
and murdered in 2023 by another criminal illegal alien from El 
Salvador who had no business being in the United States. May 
her story and others like it serve as a reminder to the human 
cost of unchecked illegal immigration policies, the need to 
secure our border, and the need to swiftly remove criminal, 
illegal aliens from the United States.
    Speaking of, let's go back, take a look at what President 
Trump inherited. We talked about this earlier, but when Joe 
Biden took office, there were 3.3 million people on the non-
detained docket. When President Trump took office, that number 
had risen to 7.6 million people on the non-detained docket.
    When you look at the docket, President Biden and his 
Administration spent their entire term simply allowing people 
and aliens to cross the border into our communities. Of those 
who had been given their final orders of removal, meaning they 
had their due process. The Biden Administration simply sat on 
their hands instead of actively working to remove those 
individuals. Which created chaos, and unfortunately, criminal 
opportunities on our interior.
    Thankfully, we have new leadership at the White House and a 
department who will no longer tolerate the subversion of our 
immigration laws and activities. I think since we're here to 
talk about the budget today, that's what I'd like to talk 
about. What do you and your department need the brave men and 
women who serve alongside you in order to secure our border, in 
order to keep our interior safe from coast to coast, and to 
continue to make America a safe, secure, and prosperous place 
to be?
    Secretary Noem. Well, the Department of Homeland Security 
is tasked with overseeing 23 different components that are 
pretty broad. And it was formed after 9/11 in response to the 
terrorist attacks to help us secure our country and everything 
that's in the interior of our country.
    The President's budget request along with reconciliation 
package, focus on what some of our greatest threats are that 
face our future and our children and grandchildren's ability to 
grow up here and to have a future. And that is continuing to 
secure our border, to make sure we're addressing technology 
needs that have been neglected for far too long, get our Coast 
Guard to the standard to what the missions are requiring them 
to be at to be successful.
    Building more wall, more agents for CBP, more ICE agents 
and beds so that we can remove illegal criminals out of this 
country, and dangerous individuals that are threatening our 
public safety. And then, also, going forward and looking at how 
we conduct operations on training our law enforcement officers, 
how we can put CISA back on-mission at focusing on 
cybersecurity.
    The requests going forward focus in those areas and TSA so 
that we have the technology upgrades that we need to really 
make sure that we are doing due diligence to secure our country 
and the systems that help run our critical infrastructure.

                              BORDER WALL

    Senator Britt. I really appreciate that, and I'd love 
commitment from you to continue to work on what it's that you 
need moving forward as this develops to make sure you have the 
resources to keep this country safe.
    Your predecessor actually refused to call what was going on 
at the border a crisis. It is clear that's exactly what was 
happening. You also have shown that coming in, we did not need 
any new legislation to actually secure the border. You have 
taken action, President Trump has taken action to secure it. I 
mean, creating a space that we haven't seen in decades.
    You've talked about a number of things. One of the things 
you just mentioned was a border wall. Can you talk about the 
construction of a border wall and what that would do for the 
men and women of CBP, and overall, at DHS? I know that we are a 
nation of immigrants. We're proud of that. We're also a nation 
of law, and lawlessness has to stop. And I believe that anybody 
on this dais that locks their door at night should understand 
the need for a border wall. The American people should have 
that level of security when they go to sleep at night. So, can 
you talk about the importance of that and kind of how you see 
that unfolding?
    Secretary Noem. We have currently over 700 miles of border 
wall on the Southern Border, and infrastructure that is there 
operating today. Since President Trump has been in office, 
we've constructed another 77 miles that is in place that is an 
inclusion of steel bollard wall that has been built, but also 
temporary walls that have been put forward with concertina wire 
and panels. And then also, we have some waterborne buoys that 
are being utilized as well.
    We have 11 contracts that have been allocated to continue 
building infrastructure, and then also five more that are 
pending to be allocated to build more miles, to have that 
infrastructure there to help secure vulnerable areas.
    Now, the border wall will look different based on what the 
topography is and the geography is of the area. So, there's 
some areas on the Northern Border, and the Southern Border, and 
out in our maritime infrastructure that we need that will have 
technology. It'll utilize Aerostar systems, radio frequencies, 
satellite systems. Those upgrades just simply haven't been made 
or prioritized under the last Administration and need to be 
done.
    So, we will use a combination for what's appropriate out 
there for the topography and working with the local, state, and 
tribal areas to make sure that it's something that secures our 
country, but also is something that they can help support and 
secure as well.
    Senator Britt. Thank you for that commitment. Vice Chair 
Murray.
    Senator Murray. Thank you very much, Chair Britt, and I 
look forward to working with you and Ranking Member Murphy in 
this Congress.
    Madam Secretary, as Senator Murphy mentioned in his opening 
statement. Secretary Noem, under your leadership, we have seen 
you ignore our appropriation laws, our Constitution, common 
sense, and even basic humanity. And like a lot of Americans, I 
really have been horrified by the lawlessness, and 
incompetence, and cruelty that we have all witnessed.
    And for all the talk about going after criminals, you have 
sidetracked DHS staff who are investigating drug dealers, 
terrorists, human traffickers, and rather than photo ops, we 
need more of your focus on providing basic diligence, because 
your crackdown has roped in American citizens and people who 
are here legally with no criminal record. Now, I'm not going to 
ask you whether that was right or wrong. I know it's wrong. The 
world knows it's wrong.
    And I think the first thing the history is going to say 
about your leadership is that you are responsible for many of 
these travesties. So, I'm deeply concerned you've deported a 4-
year-old U.S. citizen with cancer. You've disappeared people to 
a notorious prison in El Salvador, and you have spent $100 
million dollars in taxpayer dollars to air TV ads thanking 
President Trump. That is really reckless, it's unacceptable, 
and in my opinion, can't continue. The American people are 
paying for this with our taxpayer dollars and with their most 
basic rights.

                         FREEZE OF GRANT FUNDS

    Now, in the last 3 months, you have frozen or canceled over 
$100 billion in funding that was approved by Congress, 
bipartisan. We are talking about everything from disaster 
relief, to grants that keep people safe. But when my staff has 
requested information on the status of this unacceptable 
holdup, the Department failed to provide any acceptable 
justification.
    This illegal freeze, and it is illegal, is taking a real 
toll on communities who are waiting on the investments that 
Congress has delivered. So, will you commit to immediately 
unpausing these funds?
    Secretary Noem. Well, Senator, thank you for covering a lot 
of topics there. Let me touch on a few of those right away.
    Secretary Noem. What the Trump Administration is doing is 
enforcing the law for the first time. Under the Biden 
Administration----
    Senator Murray. I'm asking you about the funds.
    Secretary Noem. Illegal aliens were prioritized over 
American citizens. Now, the scales of justice have been leveled 
and no one is treated better than anyone else.
    Senator Murray. Madam Chair, I'm going to reclaim my time. 
I asked you a specific----
    Secretary Noem. Citizens are treated the same, and illegal 
aliens and criminals are being deported.
    Senator Murray. Madam Secretary, I'm asking you a specific 
question.
    Secretary Noem. The grants that you are referencing have 
been paused and reevaluated to make sure that they are truly 
being spent in the way to which they were appropriated.
    Senator Murray. Correct.
    Secretary Noem. Many of these grants were being diverted 
and to things they were never intended.
    Senator Murray. Madam Secretary, These funds were passed on 
a bipartisan basis by members in this Congress.
    Secretary Noem. Absolutely. And the Biden Administration 
perverted them in how they used them, diverted them to 
facilitate illegal immigration to house people in places like 
the Roosevelt Hotel, who held illegal criminals that took the 
life of Laken Riley.
    Senator Murray. We're talking, Madam Chair about $100 
billion.
    Secretary Noem. I think we all recognize the victims have 
died and lost their children because of the situation.
    Senator Murray. It is not credible, Madam Chair. It is not 
credible that $100 billion is used to break the law. That just 
cannot be true.

                    OVERSPENDING OF ALLOCATED FUNDS

    And let me change this a little bit. On the other hand, I 
am very concerned that DHS is now dramatically overspending 
funding that Congress has not provided. If you were a CEO doing 
that, I don't think you'd be in your job long. We need 
accountability and we need answers. And that includes 
informative responses to oversight questions sent to the 
Department over the last 3 months.
    I am ranking member on this committee. I have worked with 
every member of this committee. We take our responsibility 
serious to fund your department and others. We need to have 
answers. We need to have accountability, and we need to make 
sure you're not overspending money that you were not allocated.
    Secretary Noem. Well, thank you for that question.
    Senator Murray. Not really--that's a statement.
    Secretary Noem. Do you want me to respond?
    Senator Murray. Well, you can.
    Secretary Noem. Well, I've worked many, many jobs in my 
life, but I also have been a CEO. I've run businesses, I've 
been a governor.
    Senator Murray. I'm not questioning credentials. I 
questioning your spending.
    Secretary Noem. We are prioritizing where our security 
needs are in this country, and we are hoping that this body 
will agree that reconciliation is necessary to address the 
things that have been neglected in this country for too long. 
That we have the technology upgrades, the manpower upgrades 
that are necessary. So, the $170 billion request for the 
Department of Homeland Security to make sure we have tools.

                CONCERNS ABOUT FEMA AND DISASTER RELIEF

    Senator Murray. My time is running out and I have a couple 
of additional questions. The fact is that you've not been given 
this funding. Saying that it's going to come in reconciliation 
that has not passed is not an acceptable answer.
    I did want to ask about FEMA and disaster relief. This is 
really important. A lot of disaster relief has been 
politicized. You've endorsed eliminating FEMA outright. We have 
seen an upheaval at FEMA that is going to put lives in 
jeopardy. 1 in 5 FEMA employees have been pushed out taking 
this Administration's so-called ``buyout offer''.
    We are losing indispensable staff just weeks away from fire 
and hurricane season, and over $100 billion dollars in disaster 
relief and FEMA grants are still being held up. DHS is making 
it a lot harder to qualify for relief, something people in my 
home State of Washington are experiencing firsthand.
    Multiple requests from governors have been rejected in 
recent weeks, including a request from our state, and we 
haven't been given any response about this. And I'm watching 
this and I'm thinking, has President Trump directed you to 
prioritize funding for Republican states?
    Secretary Noem. Absolutely not.
    Senator Murray. Have you directed your staff to prioritize 
funding to Republican-led states over Democratic states?
    Secretary Noem. Absolutely not. There is--under this 
administration, there will not be any politicization of support 
relief, FEMA assistance, or grants given based on politics.
    Senator Murray. There's a clear trend.
    Secretary Noem. Every single person will be treated the 
same. It will be very different than the Biden Administration.
    Senator Murray. Madam Secretary, there's a clear trend of 
Republican-led states getting very fast responses and funding. 
Democrat-led states are being forced to wait. We have never 
treated FEMA as a partisan issue in this country. Thank you, 
Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Thank you. Senator Capito.

                      DECREASE IN BORDER CROSSINGS

    Senator Capito. Thank you, Madam Chair, and Ranking Member. 
And it's great to see you, Secretary Noem. And it was a 
pleasure to serve with you in the House for so many years.
    I just want to make a statement in the beginning because 
this chart, which you can't see, but many of us have seen, the 
blue lines being the number of people that were coming across 
the border during the Biden Administration. And then the red is 
what you and the President have done over the last 3 months. I 
say, congratulations. Results speak loudly. Not only are 
migrant encounters down 95 percent, but the gotaways are down 
99 percent.
    To put it simply, migrants are just not slipping through. 
They're not evading our border patrol. I boil it down to two 
basic strategies that the administration has done that the 
previous administration could have done, but totally ignored. 
One is deterrent. When possible illegals look to the United 
States and see that we are following through on deportation 
orders in larger numbers. I think that's a huge deterrence 
along with other things that are occurring.
    The other one is enforcement. Enforcement of the law. You 
already just said that. So, is there anything else you would 
add, specifically, very shortly, that you can attribute this 
dramatic drop? You're being accused of breaking the law, and 
that's the reason the numbers are down. I personally don't 
believe that.
    Secretary Noem. Well, I think having a strong leader in the 
White House that says we will enforce our laws in this country 
has worldwide effects. In fact, in where I have traveled to 
countries in El Salvador, Mexico, and Columbia, their leaders 
and their government said, when you talk about the fact that 
you are now enforcing the laws in America, when your President 
talks about it, when we see these ads that are running in our 
country saying, if you want to come to the country and America 
illegally don't come. Come the legal way, do the right way.
    We are now enforcing our laws. They say it has an 
overwhelming effect. In fact, in Mexico, some government 
officials, when I was there visiting with them, and the 
President said that they believe 500' to 600,000 people just in 
Mexico turned around before they ever got to our border in the 
last 3 months because they got the message clearly when they 
were on their way. They heard that, and they went back home.
    Also, I would say Border Patrol is thrilled. They get to 
finally do their jobs right. They get to finally--the morale 
has never been better. Recruitment is fantastic. ICE is 
recruiting, CBP is up 54 percent. I'd say the Coast Guard is up 
over 100 percent in recruitment, and the Secret Service is up 
over 200 percent. So, the fact that they have an Administration 
that's letting them do their jobs again and actually following 
the law, is something they're very proud of. And so, I think 
those two things are really what's making them proud.

                     NON-INTRUSIVE DRUG INSPECTION

    Senator Capito. Okay. You and I talked about this on the 
phone because of the drug scourge, the non-intrusive 
inspection, which is a lot of the technologies that can detect 
in large when semis are coming through. There's a whole lot 
coming through the border, and we want to continue that free 
flow of goods. Where are you on that in this budget? Certainly, 
you need more dollars to be able to--I think the numbers are 
low; how many you actually inspect or have been inspected. You 
need the technology to move forward.
    Secretary Noem. Well, yes. Our ports of entry need new 
technology and scanners that we just simply aren't scanning 
many shipping containers right now adequately. A lot of our air 
freight isn't scanned. Some of these scanners that we have in 
place need infrastructure around them so that they work in the 
heat and in the rain. Sometimes they're dysfunctional and shut 
down. We have railroad cars coming in that aren't getting 
inspected, and then small packages small packages every day 
that are being shipped in by the millions that we are not 
inspecting at all.
    So, the kind of technology needs that we have to invest in 
are costly, but they secure our country. And when we have a 
foreign enemy country like China and the PRC that's trying to 
kill off our next generation of Americans, which is what 
they're doing to weaken our economy and our society, those 
upgrades and that technology advancement will incredibly help 
us make sure that we know what's coming into this country and 
it's not a poison that will be killing our kids and our next 
generation.
    Senator Capito. You certainly have my support with that. I 
did chair this subcommittee at one point with the ranking 
member. We were--he was chairing and I was ranking. So, we're 
getting to know each other very well. You have my support 
there.
    I do want to say I am concerned about the FEMA issue coming 
from a small state that is subject to a lot of natural 
disasters, flooding in most cases. My experience with FEMA, has 
it been flawless? Has it been, you know, a smooth road? No. But 
I think it's a vital function, and I'm concerned if we turn it 
all over to the state's capacity for the state to really 
handle. This is something that--so I would ask you to tread 
lightly.
    I don't really need a response there, but I do want to put 
on the record here that I am concerned. I do think we need a 
national response to disasters. Does it look just like FEMA? I 
hope the changes that are made will be able to have them to be 
able to react quickly, and to help our state and local 
resources.
    I did invite you to the Advanced Training Center where we 
do training for Border Patrol. Look forward to seeing you 
there, and thank you very much.
    Senator Britt. Thank you so much, Senator Capito. And 
thrilled to hear about the morale at DHS. That's exciting, 
Madam Secretary. Next up, Senator Shaheen.

                   IMMIGRATION AT THE NORTHERN BORDER

    Senator Shaheen. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Secretary, for 
being here this morning, and for your testimony. I just want 
to--I'm not going to ask you to respond to this, but just to be 
clear, I think everybody on this committee agrees that we need 
to secure our Southern Border. We may disagree on exactly how 
to do that, but I think that is a value that most American 
share. I do think we can do it in a way that still provides due 
process to people who are here as green card holders.
    And I'm particularly concerned when I get calls from New 
Hampshire citizens who are stopped at our border and 
interrogated without any process, without being told why 
they're being stopped. So, I just want to put that on your 
radar so that you understand that that is a concern that we are 
seeing and hearing from American citizens about.
    I have been concerned for a long time through a number of 
administrations about the lack of technology on our northern 
border in New Hampshire. We have video cameras that are 
supposed to pick up people coming across the border, and 
there's no service to those video cameras because we don't have 
cell service on our Northern Border.
    Our Border Patrol station in Pittsburgh gets its power from 
Canada. And in 2018, Congress passed the MOBILE NOW Act to 
speed up deployment of communications, equipment infrastructure 
on Federal property. It's not just a public safety issue. It's 
a national security imperative, as I'm sure you would agree.
    So, understaffing, however, and red tape means that getting 
folks connected still takes way too long. And we've had some 
issues with the Department in trying to get some of this 
equipment that we need on our Northern Border. So, will you 
commit to ensuring that DHS will move expeditiously to improve 
communications infrastructure along New Hampshire's northern 
border?
    Secretary Noem. Yeah, Senator, I will work with you on 
this. This is something that's come up several times with many 
of our Senators and Congressmen and women that represent the 
northern border. And I think that's a concern I hear quite 
often from people is with all the focus on the Southern Border, 
you know, are you neglecting the Northern Border? And we are 
not. We have not pulled resources from the Northern Border, but 
we also recognize that we've got deficiencies there, too. We do 
have some predator drones that are up there.
    Senator Shaheen. I'm sorry to interrupt, but the reality is 
that the Stonegarden funds that used to have a percentage 
dedicated to the Northern Border have been taken for the 
southern border so that our local law enforcement officials 
don't have the ability to access those funds and to get those 
grants in a way that's really important to help. So, I hope you 
will look into that.
    Secretary Noem. Yes. Those funds have been very important 
for our law enforcement. And so, those are being reevaluated as 
well and assessed. And so, I've had several people indicate to 
me that those are important to their local areas and local 
communities.
    The cameras you talked about, yes, do need to be fixed. The 
cell phone service and their reliance on that is not 
dependable. And we need the new technology upgrades in order to 
make sure that we can keep those operating. And we need more 
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and counter-UAS technology at the 
northern border as well.

              STAFFING SHORTAGES IN ICE-PARTNERED PRISONS

    Senator Shaheen. I understand that ICE has entered into an 
interagency agreement with the Bureau of Prisons to hold ICE 
detainees in our Federal prison in Berlin, FCI, Berlin, New 
Hampshire. I'm sure that you're aware that the Bureau of 
Prisons has faced chronic shortages in staffing for a number of 
years. This is particularly evident in Berlin where it's being 
staffed at just over 60 percent for its corrections officers, 
and now it's hosting more than 230 detainees.
    So, can you talk about how you're working to ensure that 
our Federal prisons who are under contract with ICE are 
adequately staffed? And will you commit to ensuring that the 
Bureau of Prisons under contract with ICE is given the support 
that they need in order to hold those detainees?
    Secretary Noem. Absolutely. That's all part of the 
evaluation that happens before that contract goes into place is 
making sure they have the staffing and the requirements that 
meet the level that ICE detention requires.
    Many times, the request we hear from local, or state law 
enforcement, or prison systems that want to help facilitate the 
detention of illegal criminals such as we're addressing right 
now, are asking us to relax our Federal standards so that they 
qualify or asking us for more latitudes. So, our standards have 
been----
    Senator Shaheen. I was just there. I can tell you, they 
were not asking that in Berlin.
    Secretary Noem. They may not have been up at your facility. 
But what I would say is that all of those boxes have to be 
checked, and staffing requirements have to be met in order for 
that contract to be facilitated and utilized.
    Senator Shaheen. Well, what I heard is that we have trouble 
attracting people; corrections officers, other staff that we 
need, psychologists and medical staff. And so, I think it's 
absolutely critical that we ensure that if ICE is going to use 
those facilities, that the funding is there to provide adequate 
staffing.
    Secretary Noem. Yes. Absolutely.

                 IMPROVEMENTS TO COAST GUARD FACILITIES

    Senator Shaheen. Thank you. I have another issue, and I'm 
out of time, but I just want to put on your radar screen that 
we appropriated $200 million to recapitalize facilities for the 
Coast Guard. One of those facilities that was damaged in storms 
is at Newcastle, New Hampshire. It's a facility that serves the 
Portsmouth Naval Shipyard. It's critical to national security. 
I hope you'll work with us to ensure that the funding goes to 
help rebuild those facilities that need it.
    Secretary Noem. Yeah, we'll certainly take a look at that. 
As you know, we've proposed a new investment and future for the 
Coast Guard called Force Design 2028. And so, we're excited 
about that because it recognizes the deficiencies that the 
Coast Guard has had to live with for far too long. It adds 
15,000 Coasties to the force. It also addresses not just 
cutters and not just airframe, but also infrastructure, what we 
need for buildings and for docks and for abilities to ports and 
infrastructure to really facilitate what they really provide 
for us.
    They are also a key part of not just search and rescue, but 
also our interdiction efforts right now as well. And we're not 
keeping up with the cartels out on the water.
    Senator Shaheen. I'm a big fan. I just don't want us to 
divert that funding. Thank you.
    Secretary Noem. Right.
    Senator Britt. Senator Hyde-Smith.
    Senator Hyde-Smith. Thank you, Madam Chairman. And I 
certainly want to thank Madam Secretary for being here today, 
and so impressed with the way you have just taken off so 
quickly and leading this agency. You know, as a member of this 
body, as an American, but as the mother of a 26-year-old 
daughter, I certainly appreciate what you're doing to secure 
our homeland. And your commitment has just been unsurpassed by 
anybody.
    Secretary Noem. Thank you.
    Senator Hyde-Smith. And I've watched you closely, and it's 
a tall drink of water heading this agency. Is no small task, 
but I am certainly supporting you.

                       REDUCTIONS TO FEMA FUNDING

    I would like to briefly mention the proposed reductions to 
the FEMA budget. You know, in Mississippi, we have hurricanes, 
we have tornadoes, and FEMA has been a part of my life ever 
since I have been in public office, because of the situations. 
Even Senator Shaheen was part of our tornado one time last year 
in Mississippi, and we had some recently that hasn't been 
approved yet.
    Little town in Walthall County, Mississippi, called 
Tylertown, Mississippi had a tornado. I was there the day after 
the storm, and we are really seeking some relief there. But how 
will DHS make sure that states like Mississippi, which like I 
said, are feeling the impact of so many, will continue to 
receive the support they need to prepare for and recover from 
what we have now and future emergencies?
    Secretary Noem. Yes. President Trump has been very clear 
that he believes that the way that FEMA exists today should not 
continue. It needs to be reformed. It needs to empower states 
to build in the structure that they need to best respond to 
disasters. He's seen the failures over the years of FEMA, how 
it didn't show up for individuals. It targeted people based on 
political party. Claims that haven't been paid for 15 to 20 
years, and recognizes the best responders are those locally and 
that the Federal government should be there to support.
    So, his goal is to redo this agency in a way that empowers 
our states, recognizing that every state's not at the same 
level of response today. That it's going to take some effort to 
get them all ready to really, truly take over the emergency 
management processes of their state. And so, what we can do to 
equip, and to train them, and then give control back locally is 
critically important.
    Also, the grants that have come through FEMA, making sure 
they're not being abused to facilitate illegal immigration, to 
focus on true resiliency, on true helping building dams and 
infrastructure, culverts that are the right size, instead of 
using them for bike paths and shade trees like the Biden 
Administration did.
    So, making sure that the dollars that we have in this 
agency, which consistently is spending in the red and not able 
to be budgeted for because of what happens. He wants to make 
sure that those reforms are happening where states are 
empowered to do the response, and trained and equipped, and 
then the Federal government would come in and support them, and 
financially be there when they need them on their worst day.
    Senator Hyde-Smith. Thank you. Because there's many days we 
really need them. And Mississippi also has a proud legacy of 
supporting DHS missions across multiple domains from 
helicopters flown by the Coast Guard and the CBP, to the 
National Security Cutters and future Polar Security Cutters 
built in Pascagoula, Mississippi. So, our state plays a central 
role in helping secure the homeland.

                        JUSTICE NEXT GEN PROGRAM

    But what I would like to highlight today is a wonderful 
program at Mississippi State University that supports DHS. And 
as you may be aware, DHS, Justice Next Gen Program at 
Mississippi State serves an incredibly valuable resource. And 
the primary mission of this is to serve the operational 
entities within DHS through research development, testing, 
integration, and the evaluation of the Unmanned Aerial Systems 
(UAS), and related technologies to that.
    But the Justice program has credited MU with a number of 
developments that have enhanced the technology and the 
efficiency for the operational components. So, we're real proud 
of that. But as we look ahead, I hope that you will view 
Justice as an important effort. And do you have any thoughts on 
these programs or similar programs?
    Secretary Noem. Yeah, the Justice program is very important 
and is being continued going forward. And we recognize the 
partnership that we've had with so many states in these 
projects. So, that is something that Department of Homeland 
Security is very willing and able in the future to partner with 
you.
    Senator Hyde-Smith. Well, it takes so much to make these 
things successful, but we're really proud of that. And again, 
thank you for everything you're doing. You are doing an 
incredible job, and I am thrilled that you are there.
    Secretary Noem. Thank you.
    Senator Britt. Senator Van Hollen.
    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you, Madam Chairman. Madam 
Secretary, it's good to see you.
    Secretary Noem. Good to see you, too.

            DHS ACTIONS TO COMPLY WITH SUPREME COURT ORDERS

    Senator Van Hollen. And I was glad to see in your recent 
testimony that you reaffirmed your obligations to uphold the 
Constitution of the United States. And I understand you had an 
exchange with Senator Murphy on the Abrego Garcia case. And so, 
I'm just going to put the question directly to you. Are you or 
DHS doing anything to comply with the 9-0 Supreme Court order 
to facilitate his return to the United States? Just yes or no.
    Secretary Noem. This Administration is following all 
Federal court orders.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary, this is a simple 
question.
    Secretary Noem. It's the President's prerogative on 
conversations that happen with the President of El Salvador.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Chair, I asked a simple question. 
You know, we have a limited amount of time. I just asked you, 
Madam Secretary, whether or not you or the Department of 
Homeland Security are taking any action to facilitate the 9-0 
Supreme Court decision to facilitate his return. This is a very 
simple question. Are you taking any action to facilitate his 
return or are you not?
    Secretary Noem. This Administration is following and 
complying with all Federal court orders to make sure that we 
are.
    Senator Van Hollen. So, you are--because the court ordered 
that you facilitate is return. So, you are facilitating this 
return.
    Secretary Noem. Senator, thank you for the question. But 
what I would tell you is that we are following court orders and 
that your advocacy for a known terrorist is alarming to me.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary----
    Secretary Noem. It's alarming to me because he's a human 
smuggler and a terrorist, and he's not a U.S. citizen.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary, I'm going to have to 
reclaim my time.
    Secretary Noem. He's a citizen of El Salvador and he's 
home. If he were to come back here, we would take him 
immediately back.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary, you should know a 
couple facts then, which is, number one, in 2019, the 
immigration court said that he should not be returned to El 
Salvador because it would put his life in danger. The Trump 
Administration at the time did not appeal that decision. After 
that, he got a work permit and was working legally in the 
United States of America. This is also why the District Court 
and the Appellate Court and the Supreme Court have ruled as 
they have.
    I suggest that rather than make these statements here, that 
you and the Trump Administration make them in court under oath, 
because despite what you just said, the Federal District Court 
whose judge is hearing this case right now, said, and I'm 
quoting, ``The administration has provided no evidence linking 
Abrego Garcia to MS-13 or any other terrorist activity.'' I'm 
not vouching for the man. I'm vouching for his due process.
    Secretary Noem. Well, yes you are, sir. You've been 
vouching for----
    Senator Van Hollen. No, no, no, Madam Secretary, with 
respect----
    Secretary Noem. I would suggest that you defend and stand 
alongside the victims of the illegal crime on citizens who live 
here, the United States Americans.
    Senator Van Hollen. This is political rhetoric.
    Secretary Noem. I would suggest you advocate for them as 
hard as you doing for a foreign terrorist.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary, I know you're doing a 
political speech here. No, I get it.
    Secretary Noem. No, I'm not, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. I'm asking questions of law. No, you're 
just spewing rhetoric.
    Secretary Noem. I truly believe this. I truly believe this 
an American----
    Senator Van Hollen. Well, let me ask you this. Do you agree 
with Justice Scalia in the Supreme Court opinion in Reno v. 
Flores that I'm quoting, ``It is well established that the 
Fifth Amendment entitles aliens to due process of law in 
deportation proceedings.''
    Secretary Noem. Sir, we are utilizing every due process 
tool that this Congress has afforded us.
    Senator Van Hollen. This is----
    Secretary Noem. The Congress decides what's appropriate for 
every situation. Expedited removal is a due process that you 
have afforded us that we are utilizing.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary, I'm going to reclaim 
my time.
    Secretary Noem. The Alien Enemies Act is another tool that 
we're utilizing.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary----
    Secretary Noem. So, we're giving due process and giving--
using the tools that this Congress has given us.
    Senator Van Hollen. This is really--you know, I'm asking 
sort of simple questions of law and simple questions like I 
would--are you compliant with a 9-0 Supreme Court decision? And 
you seem to think that's some kind of trick question.
    Let me ask you this. You were down at Center for the 
Confinement of Terrorism (CECOT) in El Salvador, and you said, 
and that I'm quoting, ``it is one of the tools in the toolkit 
that we will use.'' And it's well known that the Trump 
Administration is paying the government of El Salvador to keep 
these individuals, including those who the U.S. courts have 
determined were illegally taken out of the country in violation 
of their due process rights. Have you seen the grant document 
between the United States and the government of El Salvador 
with respect to the CECOT?
    Secretary Noem. It's important that everybody knows the 
consequences of what happens for their actions in this country. 
When you break the law and you're a member of a foreign 
terrorist organization.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Secretary--I asked you a 
question. Have you seen the document? This is not hard.
    Secretary Noem. Yes, I have.
    Senator Van Hollen. Okay. And what are the provisions of 
the doc? So, do you know who, what entities in El Salvador are 
receiving the funds?
    Secretary Noem. Sir, I'm sure you can see this document as 
well and have looked at it for evaluations as well.
    Senator Van Hollen. I'm glad you raised that, Madam 
Secretary, because I sent you a letter along with many of my 
colleagues here on April 8th asking for, among other things, 
that document. Will you respond to the letter that we sent?
    Secretary Noem. I will respond to your letter.
    [The information follows:]
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you. Can I get some sense of 
when?
    Secretary Noem. We will take a look at it? I don't remember 
seeing your letter yet, but I will certainly take a look.
    Senator Van Hollen. Well, it's been there over a month.
    Senator Britt. The Senator's time has expired.
    Senator Van Hollen. No, Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Senator Kennedy.
    Senator Van Hollen. Madam Chair.
    Senator Kennedy. Madam Secretary----
    Senator Van Hollen. I have some additional questions 
related----
    Senator Britt. No, sir. That's up to you to manage that 
time. Senator Kennedy.
    Senator Van Hollen. Well, I need a little help from a chair 
that respects the members of the committee. I'm sorry, Chair, 
this is----
    Senator Kennedy. Madam Secretary--You pretty much secured 
the Southern border, haven't you?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir. The CBP, they certainly have.
    Senator Kennedy. And that upsets some of my colleagues, 
doesn't it?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Kennedy. They say you've done it the wrong way, 
haven't they?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Kennedy. Could you answer that?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir. They do say that.
    Senator Kennedy. Do you think they're upset because you 
supposedly did it the wrong way or you think they're upset that 
you did it at all?
    Secretary Noem. I think they're upset that by President 
Trump enforcing the law. It happened so quickly and 
successfully.
    Senator Kennedy. Yeah. Now, when President Biden came into 
office, the first thing he did was get rid of all of the things 
we were doing to stop people from coming into our country 
illegally, didn't he?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Kennedy. I mean, he--it was like, ``The price is 
right. Come on down.'' Except he said, ``Come on in.'' And most 
of my Democrat colleagues went along with that, didn't they?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, they did.
    Senator Kennedy. In fact, they cheered him on, didn't they?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Kennedy. Is that a yes?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir.
    Senator Kennedy. How many people do you think President 
Biden let into our country illegally? Just give me a ballpark 
figure.
    Secretary Noem. Sir, we don't know for certain, but we 
believe it could be upwards to 20 million people that are 
illegally in this country.
    Senator Kennedy. So, that's like adding 10 Nebraska's to 
our country, isn't it?
    Secretary Noem. That's correct.
    Senator Kennedy. Why do you think President Biden and my 
Democratic colleagues did that? Do you think they believe in 
open borders?

            SENATOR KENNEDY'S REMARKS ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION

    Secretary Noem. I think they believed in open borders and 
letting people come into this country that would affect our 
society and criminals. Those other countries emptying out the 
worst of the worst, their mental institutions, their prisons 
came in here and jeopardized--and known terrorists.
    Senator Kennedy. Well, one or two circumstances are 
possible. It seems to me either President Biden and the 
Democrats who supported him believe in open borders, or the 
people that President Biden put in charge of securing the 
border you wouldn't trust to run a snowball stand, right?
    Secretary Noem. That is correct.
    Senator Kennedy. So, nobody is that incompetent. So, it has 
to be open--they just believe in open borders, do they not?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, because I know the people who were 
securing the border and they weren't allowed to do their job.
    Senator Kennedy. Do you think they believe that vetting 
people at the border is racist?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, I do. I think by the way they allowed 
people in and granted them immediate parole status.
    Senator Kennedy. Do you think that President Biden and some 
of my Democratic colleagues, I don't want to paint with too 
broad a brush, Madam Secretary, thought of these foreign 
nationals in our country illegally as potential new voters.
    Secretary Noem. I do, sir.
    Senator Kennedy. Okay. If you're an ordinary American and 
you oppose illegal immigration, but you support legal 
immigration, does that make you a racist?
    Secretary Noem. No, sir. Not at all. It just means that you 
believe there should be a rule of law, and that's what America 
was built on.
    Senator Kennedy. And that's what you've been enforcing. 
Right?
    Secretary Noem. Exactly. We have been following the 
Constitution and the rule of law in this country.
    Senator Kennedy. And I want to be sure I understand, 
because there's been a lot of confusing testimony here. You've 
secured the border, have you not?
    Secretary Noem. This administration has, yes, sir.
    Senator Kennedy. And some of my colleagues are upset with 
you.
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir.
    Senator Kennedy. And they say you did it wrong?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir.
    Senator Kennedy. And do you agree with me that what they're 
really upset about is that you did it at all?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, sir.

                           FEDERAL JUDICIARY

    Senator Kennedy. Okay. I want to ask you a last question 
about our Federal judiciary. I've said repeatedly that all of 
us have a moral and a civic obligation to follow Federal 
orders. And I stand by that. But there have been a lot of 
national injunctions, universal injunctions, issued to try to 
try to stop you from doing your job. Where were these judges 
when people were breaking law, and coming into our country and 
illegally? Were any of them speaking up and issuing national 
injunctions against the Democrats?
    Secretary Noem. I don't believe I can be specific about 
every single judge. But these judges that now are trying to 
stop us from enforcing our laws, I don't believe or recall them 
being vocal then.
    Senator Kennedy. Can you think being vocal then, Madam 
Secretary, of one single solitary Federal judge who when 
President Biden and my Democratic colleagues, not all of them, 
but many of them.
    Senator Murphy. Chair, his time expired.
    Senator Kennedy. Senator Murray went on over about two 
minutes. So, I'm going to take a minute.
    Senator Murphy. Well, Senator Van Hollen just got shut down 
right under his----
    Senator Britt. Yes, if you can finish your question.
    Senator Kennedy. Can you recall one single solitary Federal 
judge when President Biden and my Democratic colleagues were 
letting 20 million people come into the country illegally?
    Secretary Noem. I don't recall.
    Senator Kennedy. Can you think of one single solitary judge 
issued national injunction.
    Senator Murphy. That is more than one question. Stop them.
    Secretary Noem. No, I can't recall.
    Senator Kennedy. I can't either. If there weren't for 
double standards there wouldn't be----
    Senator Murphy. Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Thank you, Senator Kennedy. Senator Peters.
    Senator Murphy. Madam Chair, let me just say, let's apply 
the rules fairly. Senator Van Hollen was asking tough 
questions, but was shut down pretty immediately when his time 
was expired. Can we at least have a commitment, Madam Chair, 
that Senators on this committee will be allowed to submit 
questions for the record?
    Senator Britt. Absolutely.
    Senator Murphy. And that you'll ask the secretary to answer 
those questions?
    Senator Britt. Yes, absolutely.
    Senator Britt. Absolutely, yes. Senator Peters.
    Senator Peters. Thank you, Madam Chair. Secretary Noem, 
good to see you again.
    Secretary Noem. Good to see you, too.

                     NORTHERN BORDER MISSION CENTER

    Senator Peters. Secretary, I certainly appreciated your 
commitment during your confirmation hearing before my committee 
on fully staffing the Gordy Howie International Bridge between 
Detroit and Canada. As you know, one of the busiest border 
crossings in all of North America. It's scheduled to open this 
fall. It's going to be a big deal. But my question for you is, 
how are preparations going for the opening of that bridge? 
Obviously, your department will play a big role in in that 
opening.
    Secretary Noem. Yes. We're excited about it. We're thankful 
that the construction has been completed and that it's working 
well. And we're excited to coming up there and having the 
celebration with you.
    Senator Peters. Do you have the resources and personnel in 
place now?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, we do.
    Senator Peters. Good. I also appreciated your commitment to 
fully building out the Northern Border Mission Center, which 
will be located at Ridge International Guard Base to coordinate 
all that goes along the northern border. How is the build out 
of that center progressing place?
    Secretary Noem. It's going well. It's on track. I haven't 
heard of anything that has been delayed. And I can get you a 
more detailed update though, if you would like one.
    Senator Peters. I would if we could follow-up that'd be 
great after this hearing, I would appreciate that.
    As ranking member of the Homeland Security and Government 
Affairs Committee (HSGAC), I have sent you nine letters since 
you have been sworn in as Secretary of Homeland Security. So 
far, I've received only two replies. And quite frankly, one of 
those was completely unsatisfactory. And while I understand 
you've had a busy start, you have a lot on your plate, 
including travel, responses to Congressional oversight requests 
are a priority. And I think you hold that view, but we're not 
seeing it being demonstrated, unfortunately.
    So, my question for you is, when can I expect responses to 
these letters, and can you commit to getting me responses, 
certainly, before our budget hearing, before HSGAC coming up?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, absolutely, sir. I was unaware that 
you had that many letters out yet. I know some of the letters 
you requested had a lot of data to gather and information.
    Senator Peters. Yes.
    Secretary Noem. And so, that may be the delay on a couple 
of them. But we will get those gathered and get them to you. As 
you know, when I came into this role, we had a backlog of 
letters from Senators and Congressmen up to 4 years, where the 
previous Administration did not respond to any of you. That was 
a universal complaint I had from Republicans and Democrats.
    Senator Peters. Well, we want to see that change. So--yes, 
if we could get these letters back as quickly as possible, I'd 
appreciate that.
    Secretary Noem. I bet.

                             CISA'S MISSION

    Senator Peters. As you know, Madam Secretary, Congress 
spent years creating CISA clarifying its mission and ensuring 
that the agency can employ the most skilled Federal employees 
to protect our Federal cyber networks and critical 
infrastructure from attacks.
    During your confirmation process, you stated that you 
wanted to get CISA back on-mission, but quite frankly, you were 
very light on specifics of what that actually meant. Now that 
you've been in your position for several months, could you 
explain to us in detail what getting CISA back on its mission 
means? And I mean, with some specificity, which offices and 
programs at CISA do you consider to be off-mission, and which 
ones do you consider to be on-mission?
    Secretary Noem. Well, as you know, CISA under the last 
Administration got involved in being somewhat of the role of 
the Ministry of Truth. They were defining what was 
misinformation, disinformation. They were out doing election 
security missions, what were censorship, and deciding what was 
truth and what wasn't truth.
    And we have eliminated those functions within CISA. CISA 
was created to be an entity that supported small and medium 
businesses, and also critical infrastructure.
    Senator Peters. Yes.
    Secretary Noem. Our electrical grid, our water systems in 
that are vulnerable to hacking attempts and influence from 
foreign countries, but enemies of the United States of America. 
So we are building out to those.
    Senator Peters. And I agree with all those. I just got 
limited time here. I agree with all that. And that is the 
central focus that it has to continue. But I want to clarify 
because you talked about misinformation. I've heard this a lot.
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Peters. Certainly, I don't want to have any agency 
putting out misinformation, but CISA had 15 full-time employees 
assigned to countering misinformation. That's 15 employees out 
of 3,000 employees that work at CISA. And my understanding, and 
I think you mentioned it, those 15 people are not doing that 
anymore. So, is CISA still not on-mission? Is it still----
    Secretary Noem. It's getting there. We don't have our 
Senate-confirmed leader of CISA yet. We're looking forward to 
that and the President's cybersecurity----
    Senator Peters. But that doesn't have to do with mission. I 
mean, we--why is it not performing a mission? Because my 
frustration is that----
    Secretary Noem. Why is what?
    Senator Peters. Why do you say it's off-mission if the unit 
that was doing that is gone?
    Secretary Noem. Yes, it's back on-mission. But we still 
have silos to break down between our intelligence agencies. We 
still have communication systems that have to be built so we 
can share information.
    I shared during my confirmation hearing that one of the 
most alarming things to me that I happened to learn, was that 
when Salt Typhoon and Volt Typhoon happened, that we knew we'd 
been hacked. We knew who we'd been hacked by, but we had no 
idea how to stop it. And so, building those relationships with 
the private sector to help us go out there, and really get the 
information that we need to get the technology and expertise to 
get in front of those bad actors that would infiltrate our 
systems, I think is incredibly important.
    So making sure that we have those partnerships with us. 
Sharing information, and advice, and wisdom on how to stop 
these hackers before they steal our critical information is 
very, very important. You know better than anybody, better than 
I do even, that we have 10 of the 16 critical infrastructure 
components under the Department of Homeland Security. So this 
is a top priority of President Trump.
    Senator Peters. So it is on-mission now? CISA is on-
mission?
    Secretary Noem. It is.
    Senator Peters. Great. Thank you.
    Senator Britt. Thank you, Senator Peters. Senator 
Murkowski.

                   INCREASES TO COAST GUARD'S TOPLINE

    Senator Murkowski. Thank you, Madam Chair, and welcome 
Secretary. I know you had an opportunity to take a quick trip 
up to Kodiak to see our Coast Guard men and women there. Thank 
you for that. I'm pleased to see the focus from the 
administration with regards to the Coast Guard within the 
reconciliation package. It is significant, it is meaningful.
    As I'm looking though at the skinny budget that we have 
here, I'm wondering whether or not the administration's budget 
request increases the Coast Guard's top line, because as 
important as it is to do, what we're doing in reconciliation. 
We want to make sure that the service has the sustained funding 
and support that it deserves in annual appropriation. So, I 
don't know, if you want to speak quickly to that.
    Secretary Noem. Well, yes, Senator, it is. We're building 
out the Coast Guard into the future. We have a request in for 
15,000 more individuals that would come in and be a part of the 
organization. So it's not just the investment in the cutters, 
which we discussed as well as, you know, airframe that's been 
grounded because it needs to be replaced and we can no longer 
repair it. It is also building out the amount of support that 
we have as far as individuals and components.
    Senator Murkowski. I want to ask about not just the ships, 
the cutters, the airframes, but the people, and where those 
people live. It was several commandants ago. It was Commandant 
Zukunft, who promised that Kodiak Seward Sitka Ketchikan, they 
were going to get these fast response cutters. Well, the FRCs 
are out there, but what hasn't come through is the shoreside 
infrastructure upgrades. Sitka and Seward continue to be left 
hanging. And so, the ships that were due to come to them are 
being parked in in other communities.
    I mean, we are not only 1 year off, 2 years off, multiple 
years off. So this is something that I have raised with you, 
and I'm hopeful that we're finally going to be able to make 
that commitment to make sure that when you've got the ships, 
you've got the home port.
    Secretary Noem. Right.

                        BENEFITS FOR COAST GUARD

    Senator Murkowski. And when it comes to the home port, I 
think you saw in Kodiak, it's not just the housing, it is the 
childcare, it's the medical options. And so, I'm hoping that as 
we're looking at this revitalization of the Coast Guard, that 
is so overdue, and I so appreciate the focus that the 
administration is placing on this, that it really is this whole 
package.
    Secretary Noem. Right.
    Senator Murkowski. Yes, absolutely. And when on Force 
Design 2028, I'll get you the details on that, so you can see 
that that infrastructure is being addressed. And that was one 
of the things that was discussed quite extensively when I was 
up there with the Coasties and folks that we're serving, was 
how challenging it was----
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Murkowski [continuing]. to be in a remote area, not 
have the access to basic needs that they have for their family 
as well, especially medical care and specialized medical care. 
So, it is big. So, I'm glad you, you had an opportunity to see 
that.

                   WORK AUTHORIZATIONS FOR IMMIGRANTS

    I want to shift here with regards to parole and temporary 
protected status. We have a relatively significant population 
of immigrants in Alaska that are under parole, or TPS, or both. 
They're small, but for us, they're meaningful in our 
communities. It's the Ukrainians. We have Afghanis, 
Venezuelans, we have some Haitians. The majority of these folks 
are just truly valued members of their new community. They're 
helping us meet workforce needs and really contributing to the 
tax base here.
    They've expressed great concern about their status and work 
authorizations that may be revoked or allowed to expire. So 
USCIS hasn't processed re-parole TPS renewals or work 
authorizations for the Ukrainians, at least for almost 5 
months. And the concern is they have paid the fees to USCIS to 
process their applications, and yet they're not seeing any 
action on this.
    Can you share with me, share with the committee, any 
information on when this pause might end? There are so many 
that are concerned that the work authorizations will expire 
while they're waiting for this process.
    Secretary Noem. Yes. We do have several countries that have 
been evaluated by the Administration on their participation in 
TPS. And the program, as it was established, was meant to be 
utilized on a temporary basis. So, some of these TPS programs 
have been in place for many, many years. But the evaluation on 
why TPS should be utilized and when it can be utilized by a 
country is the process that the Administration's going through.
    So if it's a conflict, environmental, economic concern, 
something that's going on, and you talked specifically about 
the Ukrainians as well. I will say that that program is still 
there and being evaluated. But those folks may have gotten an 
email or something that was not correct and was rectified. So I 
know some folks were alarmed by that, that they received, but 
we did rectify that. And that was sent out if their legal 
status had changed, you know, it certainly did not apply to 
them. And we communicated that with them as well.
    The one thing I will say is that anyone who is on a program 
like this, or on parole that has been revoked, always has the 
opportunity to apply for asylum as well. And so, that is the 
application that we are forwarding in many of these instances 
across the country from different countries that interact with 
us through these different programs.
    Senator Murkowski. And again, just the timing of an 
expiration, of the work authorization while they're waiting. So 
as much information as you can share, and I'm sure other states 
as well. Thank you. Thank you, Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Thank you very much. Senator Van Hollen.

                           FIREFIGHTER GRANTS

    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you, Madam Chair. Madam 
Secretary, I'm going to ask you about something I hope we can 
agree on. Are you familiar with the U.S. Fire Academy? It 
trains about 100,000 firefighters from around the country.
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Van Hollen. So right now, as you may know, it's not 
being funded. All the in-person classes have been canceled. So 
I, together with some of my colleagues, including Congresswoman 
April McClain Delaney, who represents that district in 
Congress, wrote to you back on March 14th about the situation 
there. I would just ask, could you commit today to responding 
to our letter?
    Secretary Noem. I believe we did respond even if it may 
have just been recently to you. But those grants and programs 
are being facilitated, and those dollars will be forwarded. So 
that is something that if I didn't get that back to you, we 
will get it to you within 24 hours.
    Senator Van Hollen. Well, that would be some good news to 
come out of the hearing, because we really have not heard a 
thing I'm reading from a headline, ``Trump Officials Silent as 
Firefighters Lobby to Reopen Training Academy in Maryland.'' 
This is an article from yesterday. So you're bringing good news 
today that we're going to renew funding for the National Fire 
Academy?
    Secretary Noem. That is the direction that we are taking, 
and we will get that information to you.
    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you, Madam Secretary. Thank you, 
Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Thank you, Senator Van Hollen. Senator 
Hagerty.
    Senator Hagerty. Thank you, Madam Chair. And Secretary, 
it's great to see you again.
    Secretary Noem. Good to see you, too.

                SENATOR HAGERTY'S REMARKS ON THE BORDER

    Senator Hagerty. I really want to thank you and President 
Trump, and all the men of the Border Patrol and ICE, for the 
incredible amount of work that has gone on in a very short 
period of time to secure the border. It's made a huge 
difference in my home state. It's going to continue to make a 
difference, I'm certain.
    And I very much appreciate your efforts to bring these 
illegal aliens to justice as well. President Trump promised to 
deliver the most secure border in American history, and the two 
of you have delivered on that promise. Encounters at the 
Southwest Border are down 95 percent, and under the Trump 
Administration gotaways are down 99 percent. Congratulations on 
that.
    The Trump Administration has ended the crisis that the 
previous administration created at the Southwest Border, and 
you've done it, frankly, in a matter of weeks. My colleagues, 
and certainly, President Biden, argued that we needed new 
legislation to address the situation at the Southern Border. I 
think what you've demonstrated is that was absolutely not the 
case.
    I'd like for you, if you would, Secretary Noem, to paint a 
picture for us. How was it your first day when you arrived at 
the agency? What sort of state of affairs did you walk into? I 
want the public to understand how poorly managed the situation 
was that you've taken on.
    Secretary Noem. Well, Senator, thank you for the question. 
I would say that, overwhelmingly, it was a night and day 
difference as soon as President Trump was sworn into office, 
because immediately the message was sent out to everyone who 
worked in the Department of Homeland Security that we were now 
going to enforce the law in the United States of America, that 
we were going to be able to let people do their jobs, which had 
been so frustrating for so many of our CBP and ICE officers.
    And those who partnered with them they felt as though they 
had been facilitating an invasion of our country. And the fact 
they grew up in these communities. Many of these officers were 
raised in Del Rio, and El Paso, and Tucson, and they were, you 
know, just devastated by what the change they had seen.
    So, the fact that they got to do their jobs again was 
overwhelmingly, I believe, why this was a success in securing 
our border, knowing who comes into this country and stopping 
those who shouldn't.
    President Trump, what I'm proud of is that he has removed 
252 known terrorists from our country just since he's been in 
office. Thousands of criminals and illegal aliens that have 
perpetuated violence on our communities. And I think the 
employees and the officers that are a part of the Department of 
Homeland Security are proud to be a part of the solution that's 
making America very safe again.

                     INVASION OF THE UNITED STATES

    Senator Hagerty. Can I stay with a comment that you made or 
a term that you used, ``invasion''?
    Secretary Noem. Yes.
    Senator Hagerty. Because what we saw over the prior 4 years 
was the largest invasion of our country that we've ever seen. I 
don't think the American public understands this because it was 
obfuscated in the media. But could you just break down for us 
and explain to us how the Biden Administration facilitated the 
invasion of over 10 million people illegally entering this 
country in 4 years?
    Secretary Noem. Yeah, absolutely. Their lack of enforcement 
of our laws and their policies facilitated people being 
welcomed into our country, telegraphed around the world that 
come to America. The borders are open when you get there. 
Someone will give you asylum, you'll be protected. We'll give 
you housing, and food, and free medical care. Billions of 
dollars spent by taxpayers to give them more advantages than 
what the average United States American citizen gets. That was 
very clearly telegraphed by their policies. And it devastated 
so many of our communities.
    I think most people also recognize that when you welcome 
people from around the world, you're going to get bad actors, 
too. You're going to get cartel members taking advantage of the 
situation. Terrorist organizations that are going to infiltrate 
our country. People who have been kicked out of their own 
countries for reasons that their country would not tolerate. 
They came here to find a safe haven, and Joe Biden gave them 
that opportunity.
    So, you know, it is going to be a big job to clean up the 
mess that they created. But President Trump is determined to do 
so, and overwhelmingly, the American people support him in 
that. They are so thrilled to get these dangerous people off of 
their streets.
    When I've been out working with the frontline individuals 
in the Department of Homeland Security, with our officers with 
those that are emergency responders, you can be in New York 
City, you can be in San Diego, you can be anywhere, and people 
that are walking their kids to school in the morning are 
walking by the operations, going, ``Thank you. Thank you for 
being here.''

                  RESOURCES NEEDED FOR BORDER SECURITY

    Senator Hagerty. One last point. The situation in my home 
state, we are losing about 3,000 kids a year to fentanyl, to 
overdoses. We've got human trafficking happening from Memphis, 
to Nashville, and beyond. And I really want to know, I think 
the American people expect that this border will be secured, 
that we can get this stopped. But what resources do you need to 
make that happen that you don't have today?
    Secretary Noem. Well, you've seen the request from 
President Trump in reconciliation and in his fiscal year 
budget. You know, he is doing due diligence to make sure we 
have the resources that we need to really secure our border, 
but also to make sure that we are stopping this poison in our 
communities.
    It's giving us enforcement tools, more officers out there, 
more agreements. You've seen us implement 287(g) with local law 
enforcement officers and state law enforcement officers that 
will compound our efforts out on the ground, give us more 
individuals to clean up the mess.
    But we also need the technology at our ports to scan 
packages that come into this country. We've collected, I think, 
over $36 billion worth of tariffs against other countries 
because of what President Trump is doing to make sure that 
we're putting jobs back in the United States of America. But 
CBP is the ones that are collecting those tariffs, but they 
also need at our ports of entry scanning technology so we know 
what's coming in, in packages, what's coming in by air freight, 
that we just haven't been doing due diligence under the Joe 
Biden Administration to really know what the threats are, and 
how those dangerous chemicals and poisons are coming in.
    Senator Britt. Thank you, Senator Hagerty. For the last 
round of questions. Senator Murphy.

                        SPENDING MONEY UNDER SSP

    Senator Murphy. Thank you. Madam Secretary, one of the 
accounts that right now is being impounded, I mentioned it in 
my opening statement, is the Shelter and Services Program. I 
certainly understand that as a program, that Republicans 
unfortunately have not supported, but it was a major element of 
the budget that we passed. And thus far there are, you know, 
somewhere in the neighborhood of $600 million that you have not 
expended.
    Can you commit to this committee, understanding that you 
have the ability to decide how that money is spent and who gets 
that money within the parameters dictated by Congress, but can 
you commit to this committee that you are going to spend the 
money in the Shelter and Services account according to the 
authorization provided to you by Congress?
    Secretary Noem. Sir, we have followed authorizations and 
the law on how these dollars are being spent. We are not 
conducting any impoundment. And as you know, under the previous 
administration, the Shelter and Services Program was being used 
to facilitate illegal immigration and shelter for criminals in 
many areas. And so, we are using those dollars to how they were 
intended by Congress when those dollars were put into that 
program.
    Senator Murphy. But you haven't spent really any of those 
dollars other than those that you've reprogrammed. So, you and 
I certainly understand that you do have a right to spend a 
little bit of time on review, but you do have to spend those 
dollars. And so, can you commit to us that you are going to 
spend the dollars in the Shelter and Services Program on the 
functionalities and programmatic parameters authorized by 
Congress?
    Secretary Noem. We're going to follow the authorities that 
we have under the Department of Homeland Security and the 
Administration for how Congress appropriates funds. Absolutely, 
we will follow what is authorized and what is the process for 
how those are traditionally spent.
    Senator Murphy. Madam Chair, my guess is that the 
Administration is not going to spend any of the SSP dollars. 
That by the end of the year, those dollars will not be spent. 
And I raised this issue because I admit that this was a 
priority for Democrats, and that money was included in the 
budget in exchange for other funds that were priorities for 
Republicans. If we now live in a world in which the 
Administration spends down the accounts that were priorities 
for Republicans and does not spend down the priorities that 
were priorities for Democrats, I don't know how we do a budget.
    I don't actually know how we come to an agreement if we 
live in a world in which the Administration doesn't spend the 
accounts that it doesn't believe in. That would be precedent-
breaking for this Congress. And so, I raised this issue because 
I think it's very relevant to our work, and I think it will 
make it virtually impossible for us to do a bipartisan budget 
if by the end of this fiscal year, the $600 million that are 
sitting in this account that are supposed to be used to treat 
migrants to this country, humanely are not used. Thank you, 
Madam Chair.
    Senator Britt. Thank you, Senator Murphy. And we have about 
six minutes left on the vote. So, I'm going to make my last 
round quick.

                    CENTER FOR DOMESTIC PREPAREDNESS

    I want to talk to you a little bit about the Center for 
Domestic Preparedness. It's the preeminent institution when it 
comes to training and equipping emergency managers and first 
responders. I certainly appreciate the Department's efforts to 
increase the capacity of our state, local, territorial, and 
tribal partners to better handle disasters, to respond to civil 
unrest, and to keep cities safe and secure with impending 
events like the World Cup, Olympics future Super Bowl, et 
cetera.
    I want to make sure that we get this training back up and 
going. My question to you is, when can we expect these classes 
to be turned back on, and will there be any remedy for classes 
that were canceled?
    Secretary Noem. Yes. We'll work with you, Senator to see 
what we can do for rescheduling classes, and that funding will 
be continued, and it'll be a priority of the Department of 
Homeland Security into the future.
    Senator Britt. Excellent. Thank you so much. Madam 
Secretary, we will go ahead and wrap this up. Thank you so much 
for being here today. I know that we can obviously disagree on 
policy across this dais, but we certainly agree that we want to 
make sure that we get timely responses.

                     ADDITIONAL COMMITTEE QUESTIONS

    And on that note, for closing, we will have questions for 
the record, will be submitted and then due on May 15th, so 
seven days from now.
                Questions Submitted to Hon. Kristi Noem
             Questions Submitted by Senator Lisa Murkowski
    Question. USCIS has not processed re-paroles, TPS renewals, work 
authorizations, or any other immigration status-change applications for 
Ukrainians for almost 5 months. Unless they received a waiver, 
individuals in Alaska paid fees to USCIS to process their applications, 
and yet, no action is being taken. Can you tell me when this pause will 
end?
    Answer. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) is 
committed to keeping America safe by strengthening the integrity of the 
immigration system, including improving the detection and prevention of 
fraud and abuse across our programs and identifying threats to national 
security and public safety. Due to vetting concerns that arose in the 
previous Administration, USCIS placed an administrative hold on 
benefits requests filed by aliens who are or were paroled into the 
United States under Uniting for Ukraine. Pursuant to court order in Doe 
v. Noem, Case No. 1:25-cv-10495-IT (D. Mass.), that hold has now been 
lifted. All benefit requests are reviewed with the appropriate 
screening and vetting standards and procedures as set out in Executive 
Order 14161. Between May 28, 2025 when the court order was issued, and 
June 30, 2025, USCIS adjudicated 8,855 benefit requests filed by aliens 
who are or were paroled into the United States under Uniting for 
Ukraine; the parole programs for Cubans, Haitians, Nicaraguans, and 
Venezuelans; and the Family Reunification Parole processes.
    Question. Particularly for individuals in Alaska under parole only, 
with pending applications for re-parole, I am concerned their parole 
will expire and thus, so will their authorization to work, through no 
fault of their own. What is the Department doing to ensure these 
individuals can continue to work while they wait for their re-parole 
applications to be processed?
    Answer. Pursuant to Executive Order 14159 and Executive Order 
14165, ``Securing Our Borders,'' DHS will ensure that its parole 
authority under section 212(d)(5)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality 
Act is exercised in accordance with the plain language of the statute 
and that all future parole determinations fully comply with applicable 
law. This parole authority will only be exercised on a case-by-case 
basis, and in all circumstances, only when an alien demonstrates urgent 
humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit derived from his or 
her individual circumstances and demonstrates that he or she warrants a 
favorable exercise of discretion. Regardless of whether an alien has 
submitted an application for re-parole, aliens whose period of parole 
is expiring must comply with United States laws and plan to depart the 
United States by the time their parole period expires unless they have 
a separate basis to lawfully remain in the United States.
    Question. USCIS has long been backlogged-as evidenced by the recent 
rule increasing the time period for automatic extension of work 
authorizations when TPS renewals are pending from 180 days to 540 days. 
What is being done to ensure that individuals who entered the U.S. 
legally and are attempting to remain here legally-either under a 
temporary program or more permanently through asylum, which you 
specifically mentioned at the hearing-will be allowed to live and work 
in the U.S. while the backlog is processed?
    Answer. DHS is committed to ensuring that only those aliens who 
qualify for immigration benefits receive them. Benefits like Temporary 
Protected Status and asylum, along with their corresponding Employment 
Authorization Document application, will no longer be abused by those 
with no legal basis to be in the United States. Regarding existing 
backlogs, DHS seeks to ensure that applications and petitions are 
processed as efficiently and expeditiously as possible consistent with 
applicable statutes, regulations and current policy.
    Question. H-2B workers are vital to fill United States workforce 
needs when domestic workers do not want the jobs. For example, the 
seafood industry in Alaska and in States across the country has long-
depended on H-2B workers to process fish and other seafood. The COVID-
19 pandemic resulted in workforce problems across industries and the H-
2B program is now completely oversubscribed. For Fiscal Year 2025, the 
cap for the first half of the year was reached before the fiscal year 
even started (on September 18, 2024). Recognizing the importance of 
this program to the United States economy, Homeland Security 
Appropriations legislation has long-carried language giving the 
Secretary discretionary authority to issue supplemental H-2B visas in 
an amount that essentially doubles cap. Do you support the H-2B visa 
program, and do you commit to issue the maximum allowable number of 
supplemental visas if demand continues to require it?
    Answer. If Congress again grants authority to issue supplemental H-
2B visas, the Department of Homeland Security will commit to consulting 
with the Department of Labor to determine whether there is a labor 
market need and if so, the appropriate number of supplemental visas to 
ensure that American businesses are equipped with the resources they 
need, while protecting against adverse impacts on the wages and working 
conditions of United States workers. DHS believes that Congress has the 
best understanding of the needs of local constituents and can make 
changes to the statutory H-2B cap prescribed in the Immigration and 
Nationality Act accordingly.
    Question. I am continuing to lead a bipartisan effort to exempt 
seafood processors from the H-2B visa caps. These are traditional users 
of the program and they are being shut out because they have no control 
over when fish need to be processed. For example, this year, seafood 
processors in Alaska were entirely dependent on supplemental visas for 
pollock A season, which starts in January, because the regular cap was 
reached before they could even apply for workers. Do you support my 
legislation?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security believes that Congress 
is best placed to determine the needs of local constituents and to make 
informed decisions to adjust the H-2B program accordingly.
    Question. In the Department's announcement of the FEMA Review 
Council, you stated that the Council's goal is to advise ``on the 
existing ability of FEMA to capably and impartially address disasters 
occurring within the United States and shall advise the President on 
all recommended changes related to FEMA to best serve the National 
interest.'' Recently in Alaska, we have experienced declared major 
disasters including typhoons, landslides, and glacial outburst 
flooding. Right now, we have the Mount Spurr Volcano near Anchorage 
threatening to erupt. Yet, when I saw the list of the people appointed 
to this council, I noticed that not only is there no one from Alaska, 
but there is very limited representation from the Western States. Will 
you commit to appointing new members to this board to address all of 
our States, especially considering Alaska has one of the highest rates 
of disaster per capita, with 55 federally declared disasters since 
1953, 19 of those since 2015?
    Answer. The President has said that Americans deserve an immediate, 
effective, and impartial response to and recovery from disasters. I 
wholeheartedly agree. To achieve this goal, on January 24, 2025, the 
President established the Federal Emergency Management Agency Review 
Council through Executive Order 14180. The Council is composed of 
individuals highly experienced at effective disaster response and 
recovery, including expertise in disaster relief and assistance, 
emergency preparedness, natural disasters, Federal-State relationships, 
and budget management.
    Upon its establishment, the Council requested feedback from 
emergency management subject matter experts and from the public during 
a public comment period. Further, the Secretary also sent a letter to 
the Council of Governors, to include the State of Alaska, requesting 
their input and recommendations. I look forward to receiving and 
reviewing the State of Alaska's feedback and recommendations on how the 
Federal Emergency Management Agency's operations can be improved for 
effectiveness while also providing taxpayers a cost savings. I am proud 
to co-lead this Council with Secretary of Defense Hegseth. I assure you 
that the Council will meet the President's intent and produce a robust 
report with actionable recommendations.
    Question. The termination of the FEMA BRIC program has put many 
communities across the Nation in difficult positions. Many of these 
projects are not political and are a part of FEMA's core mission, which 
prioritizes preparing for potential catastrophe before, during, and 
after disasters. For example, the City of Skagway, Alaska was awarded a 
$20 million BRIC grant to mitigate impending rockslides above its 
busiest dock in the port. I do not believe preventing dangerous 
rockslides from falling onto a port is wasteful, and projects like 
Skagway's in fact save Federal funds by investing in communities before 
a disaster strikes. Do you believe disaster mitigation is an important 
part of FEMA's mission, and do you think rescinding already awarded 
funds to reduce disasters-which has been shown to save the taxpayer 
money-is an effective way to restore the Nation's trust in FEMA?
    Answer. The Department and the Federal Emergency Management Agency 
are evaluating ways to improve the delivery of hazard mitigation 
assistance to ensure it is more responsive, timely, and aligned with 
the needs of States and communities.
    Question. The National Fire Academy's mission is to provide 
training courses and advanced management programs for middle- and top-
level fire officers, fire service instructors, technical professionals, 
and representatives from allied professions. These students are drawn 
from all 50 States and represent the wide breadth of the American fire 
service, including both volunteer and career firefighters. Critically, 
the training offered by NFA is specialized training, similar to the 
leadership training offered by the military war colleges for current 
and future military officers. Just as these military institutions 
prepare leaders to handle complex, high-stakes situations, the NFA 
equips fire and emergency services personnel with the advanced 
knowledge and leadership capabilities necessary to effectively manage 
critical incidents and organizational challenges. Training provided by 
the academy is not otherwise available in my state, and many of 
Alaska's firefighting personnel utilize the Academy every year. Given 
the importance of NFA to training fire service personnel from all 
around the country and helping to ensure nation-wide readiness, when do 
you anticipate the NFA campus will be reopened?
    Answer. In-person training has resumed at three national 
schoolhouses in June 2025-the Center for Domestic Preparedness in 
Anniston, Alabama and the National Fire Academy and the National 
Disaster and Emergency Management University in Emmitsburg, Maryland.
    Following a comprehensive review by FEMA and the U.S. Fire 
Administration, it was determined certain courses provide effective 
training to enhance national readiness for State, local, Tribal, and 
territorial emergency managers, first responders and local leaders. 
FEMA's principles for emergency management assert that disasters are 
best managed when they are federally supported, state managed, and 
locally executed.

                                 ______
                                 

            Questions Submitted by Senator Susan M. Collins
    Question. The most recent Disaster Relief Fund monthly report 
indicates a projected shortfall for fiscal year 2025 of nearly $13 
billion. And this does not account for storms that will occur during 
the upcoming hurricane season. Even if you move around funding from 
various programs to boost the balance in the fund, the issue will not 
be resolved. If the Disaster Relief Fund does not receive supplemental 
funds, when do you anticipate the need to implement Immediate Needs 
Funding?
    Answer. The Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) Disaster 
Relief Fund Majors, which is projecting a $6.9 billion shortfall, 
expects to run out of money in August. This calculation is based on 
Fiscal Year 2024 actual and Fiscal Year 2025 projected obligations, 
plus a $3 billion reserve for an unanticipated catastrophic event.
    FEMA's top priorities are: meeting disaster survivors' immediate 
needs and ensuring that States, Tribes, and territories have the 
necessary resources to respond to disasters. For Fiscal Year 2025, FEMA 
is projecting a $6.9 billion shortfall in the Disaster Relief Fund 
Majors, excluding reserve funding for a future catastrophic event, 
which brings the total need to $10.0 billion. There are multiple 
factors driving the estimated shortfall, including continued recovery 
for Hurricanes Helene, Milton, Maria, and the California Wildfires; 
COVID-19 reimbursements, which include reimbursements to state, Tribal, 
territorial, or local governments for emergency protective measures for 
the COVID-19 disaster (i.e. COVID testing, alternative care sites, and 
medical support), and reimbursements to individuals and families for 
eligible COVID-19 funeral expenses; and recent disaster response and 
recovery efforts. To mitigate this risk, FEMA has prioritized 
identifying and recovering excess or unused funds from previously 
obligated contracts, grants, and mission assignments, recovering more 
than $4.8 billion as of May 2025.
    Current Disaster Relief Fund funding levels are adequate to enable 
immediate response and recovery to any incidents that may occur and 
continue ongoing disaster activities; however, if the Disaster Relief 
Fund approaches a critical threshold, FEMA will work with the 
Department and the Administration and take necessary steps to ensure 
funding is available to support both critical ongoing disaster 
operations and provide a reserve for initial response and recovery 
activities for a future significant event.

                                 ______
                                 

            Questions Submitted by Senator Cindy Hyde-Smith
    Question. From the night of March 14 through March 15, 2025, at 
least 20 Mississippi counties endured extreme weather conditions, 
including hurricane-force winds, baseball-sized hail, 18 tornadoes, and 
flash flooding. A magnitude 3.0 earthquake also struck near Magee, 
Mississippi, during the storms. Tragically, seven Mississippians lost 
their lives, and the storms caused extensive damage to homes, 
businesses, and infrastructure. FEMA-validated reports indicate at 
least $18.2 million in damages, including 233 homes destroyed and 208 
homes with major damage. Mississippi Governor Tate Reeves has requested 
a Federal disaster declaration, including Individual Assistance for the 
following 14 counties: Carroll, Covington, Grenada, Holmes, Issaquena, 
Itawamba, Jasper, Jefferson Davis, Leflore, Marion, Montgomery, Pike, 
Smith, and Walthall. The request also includes Public Assistance for 
the following 17 counties: Calhoun, Carroll, Covington, Grenada, 
Humphreys, Issaquena, Itawamba, Jefferson Davis, Lee, Leflore, Marion, 
Pike, Prentiss, Sharkey, Smith, Walthall, and Washington.
    On April 2, 2025, the Mississippi congressional delegation sent a 
letter of support endorsing Governor Reeves's request for an expedited 
major disaster declaration and Individual Assistance. Could you provide 
an update on the status of this request and the anticipated timeline 
for a decision on a Federal Disaster Declaration for Mississippi?
    Answer. Governor Tate Reeve's request for a major disaster 
declaration for the State of Mississippi was approved on Friday, May 
23, 2025.
    Question. Under the Biden Administration, U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection issued two ruling letters permitting foreign vessels to 
transport U.S.-sourced natural gas based on what appears to be a flawed 
understanding of the science of gas liquefaction. This decision 
undercut American shipyards-particularly those in my state-and runs 
counter to the Trump Administration's goal of restoring American 
maritime dominance and strengthening the U.S. maritime industrial base. 
Is the Department revisiting these rulings to ensure CBP makes the 
correct determination moving forward?
    Answer. U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) has authority to 
issue rulings on prospective transactions (19 United States Code 
Sec. 1625; see also 19 Code of Federal Regulations Part 177). All 
rulings issued by CBP are made publicly available on the Customs 
Rulings Online Search System, available at https://rulings.cbp.gov/
home. The person or entity to whom a ruling is issued may appeal an 
adverse interpretive ruling (19 United States Code Sec. 1625(b)). Such 
an appeal is entitled to de novo review before a higher-level official 
within CBP. In addition, the agency may modify or revoke a ruling. 19 
United States Code Sec. 1625(c).
    For these two rulings, the determinations were based on specific 
factual findings supported by input from CBP's Laboratory and 
Scientific Services. Even after issuing the rulings, CBP reviewed each 
to ensure compliance and determined that the holdings are consistent 
with statute, regulation, and case law and concluded that there were no 
legal or factual errors contained within the rulings. Finally, CBP 
reviewed the rulings to determine whether modification or revocation 
was legally appropriate based on new Administration policies. After 
completing a thorough review, CBP determined the two rulings at issue 
do not require modification or revocation and are consistent with 
Administration policies.
               national domestic preparedness consortium
    Question. To date, the National Domestic Preparedness Consortium 
(NDPC) has trained more than 60,000 first responders in preparation for 
the World Cup and is already working on training plans in support of 
the 2028 Olympics. If the NDPC is eliminated, how will the Department 
ensure that jurisdictions are prepared to address the security and 
emergency management needs associated with hosting such large-scale 
events?
    Answer. The National Domestic Preparedness Consortium is 
duplicative of other training opportunities offered by the Federal 
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). In-person training continues at 
three national academies: the Center for Domestic Preparedness in 
Anniston, Alabama and the National Fire Academy and the National 
Disaster and Emergency Management University in Emmitsburg, Maryland.
    Question. The updated 2025 Emergency Management Annual Planning 
Guidance, released on January 31, calls for expanded collaboration with 
stakeholders like the NDPC to ensure ``expanded training and capacity 
building for emergency managers and first responders in the U.S.'' 
However, the FY25 budget request proposes eliminating the NDPC-directly 
contradicting this guidance. Why was this reversal made, and how does 
the Department reconcile this decision with its stated goals for 
emergency preparedness?
    Answer. The Fiscal Year 2025 budget was superseded by the full year 
continuing resolution, which extended Fiscal Year 2024 funding levels. 
This Administration supports emergency managers and is focused on a 
sustainable approach to emergency management. This realignment in the 
Fiscal Year 2026 President's Budget will allow the Department to focus 
available resources on implementing higher priority, core mission 
areas. The National Domestic Preparedness Consortium is duplicative of 
other training opportunities offered by FEMA. Additionally, State, 
local, Tribal, and territorial jurisdictions may use existing grant 
funding to pay for training activities for first responders.
    Question. With TSA implementing the Aviation Worker Screening 
Requirement (TSA-NA-23-02), a costly unfunded mandate has been passed 
on to airports to screen aviation workers. The FY24 Department of 
Homeland Security Appropriations Act directed TSA to provide a detailed 
analysis of the cost-benefit and risk implications of this proposal.
    How does the Department plan to ensure that smaller regional 
airports can afford to comply with the new screening requirements 
without compromising operations?
    Answer. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) developed 
the Transportation Security Administration National Amendment 23-02, 
Aviation Worker Screening to improve insider threat mitigation and 
complement existing aviation worker inspection requirements. In 
developing National Amendment 23-02, Aviation Worker Screening, TSA 
considered the cost and burden across the sector for airports of 
specific categories and worked with industry and associations to 
minimize the impact of these new aviation worker screening 
requirements. TSA conducted an analysis on the cost of these 
requirements, first in 2020 and then updated throughout the development 
of the final requirements to reflect any changes. The results of this 
analysis, combined with significant feedback from industry, led to 
significant changes from the proposed requirements and contributed to a 
strategy promoting consistent maturation and enhanced aviation worker 
screening.
    TSA was, and continues to be, sensitive to the needs of industry 
regarding screening costs, including the complexities of hiring, 
procuring, and sustaining security resources and equipment. During the 
policy development process, TSA received extensive industry feedback on 
the proposed requirements, some of which discussed the burden on 
smaller airports. In response, TSA modified the final requirements to 
limit the applicability to larger airports (Category-X, I, and II) and 
removed smaller airports (Category-III and IV) from the applicability.
    Additionally, consistent with TSA's commitment to outcome-focused 
policies, airports have many options as to how screening requirements 
are accomplished, and airports can reduce the number of screening hours 
they must complete by decreasing entry points and/or individuals with 
access. To create space for developing solutions, TSA implemented an 
informed compliance period and delayed the implementation of explosives 
detection screening equipment requirements.
    Question. The final requirements set aviation worker screening 
baselines while providing airport operators flexibility to implement 
tailored solutions which fit their legal, regional, and local 
priorities. There are a wide range of screening options airports can 
use within their operational environment, recognizing that smaller 
airports may have different needs and resources than a larger airport. 
Larger airports are more likely to exceed the standards required by 
National Amendment 23-02, Aviation Worker Screening. Therefore, each 
airport has meaningful control over how many individuals and what type 
of equipment or screening processes to implement. It is TSA's intent to 
ensure security outcomes are met while encouraging and facilitating 
innovation.
    Has TSA considered a tiered implementation approach, based on 
airport size and risk profile, to avoid placing disproportionate 
burdens on low-traffic facilities?
    Answer. The requirements in the Transportation Security 
Administration National Amendment 23-02, Aviation Worker Screening are 
tiered based on airport size and risk:

    --Primarily, National Amendment 23-02, Aviation Worker Screening, 
            is limited to larger airports (Category-X, I, and II), and 
            the requirements do not apply to smaller airports 
            (Category-III and IV).
    --Each covered airport must conduct a baseline of screening- this 
            baseline is determined as a function of the number of 
            employees with unescorted access to the secured area and 
            the number of access points to secured and sterile areas. 
            Airports with fewer employees (with access to secured 
            areas) and/or fewer access points are generally not 
            required to screen for as many hours as those with more.
    --The category of each airport is further used to modify the 
            baseline function. Category II airports are required to 
            screen less than Category X or I airports even if all other 
            factors are equal.
    --TSA's goal with this design was to minimize a proportional impact 
            to our Category II and I stakeholders while still ensuring 
            necessary security value.
                         olympics & paralympics
    Question. The President's recently released budget framework for 
FY26 includes funding to ensure DHS can ``bolster State and local 
capacity to enhance security around key events and facilities'' at the 
2028 Games, among other major international events. What steps is DHS 
taking to ensure DHS resources are deployed effectively and coordinated 
not only at the Federal level, but with State and local law enforcement 
as well to make the 2028 Olympics & Paralympics safe and secure?
    Answer. On January 30, 2024, the Secretary of Homeland Security 
designated the 2028 Olympic Games and 2028 Paralympic Games as National 
Special Security Events. Following these designations, the U.S. Secret 
Service acted upon its mandated role to lead the planning, design, 
development, and implementation of a comprehensive security plan. The 
Secret Service formed an Executive Steering Committee comprised of 
State, local, and Federal law enforcement, public safety, and emergency 
management partners. Planning efforts are underway with our State, 
local, and Federal partners to ensure a coordinated and comprehensive 
security plan is developed in support of the Olympic and Paralympic 
Games.
    On March 7, 2025, the President issued an Executive Order, 
Establishing the White House Task Force on the FIFA World Cup 2026.1 
The Task Force, which is administratively housed at the Department of 
Homeland Security, brings together expertise and support from across 
the Federal Government to ensure smooth coordination of this worldwide 
event hosted by the United States. The Task Force engagement team is 
working closely with State and local law enforcement, as well as with 
the Federal Coordinator in each city, to identify the needs and 
appropriately resource each location for the upcoming 2025 Club World 
Cup games and 2026 World Cup Matches. Furthermore, the Office for State 
and Local Law Enforcement is working closely with the Task Force to 
assist in the coordination and collaboration with major law enforcement 
associations, like the Major Cities Chiefs Association, National Fusion 
Center Association, Major County Sheriffs of America, and the 
International Association of Chiefs of Police, who collectively 
represent the 18,000 law enforcement across the country, to identify 
opportunities to better share information and intelligence, identify 
concerns and resources needed (i.e. funding, CUAS support, training), 
and establish implementable solutions to support the upcoming events.
    The National Special Security Event Executive Steering Committee 
meets on a quarterly basis to provide direction for safety and security 
planning. Several of the National Special Security Event subcommittees 
are conducting regular planning and coordination to support the 
integration of safety and security in their respective functional areas 
at the Federal, State, and local levels. FEMA co-chairs four sub-
committees on training and exercises, housing, external affairs and 
consequence management with Federal, State, and local representatives 
from law enforcement, public safety, emergency management, and public 
health, all of which will fully support the events.
    Question. While the $1 billion funding included in the House 
Homeland Security Committee's reconciliation guidance takes step to 
address critical security priorities related to the Games, it does not 
provide funds to address the significant additional cost related to 
Federal reimbursement of State and local law enforcement entities for 
overtime costs incurred by providing Games-time security services. In 
coordination with the Department of Justice and congressional 
appropriators, what steps will DHS take to ensure that funds required 
by the Federal Government to provide reimbursement to State and local 
law enforcement entities are included in the appropriations process?
    Answer. FEMA understands the $1 billion included in the House 
Homeland Security Committee's reconciliation guidance is to address 
these significant costs. The $1 billion is for reimbursement of State 
and local requiremtnes. If new requirements are identified, FEMA will 
collaborate with Congress through the regular approprations process to 
address funding needs for any new requirements.
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    \1\ https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/03/
establishing-the-white-house-task-force-on-the-fifa-world-cup-2026/

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                                 ______
                                 

           Questions Submitted by Senator Christopher Murphy
    Question. Concerning the case of Mr. Kilmar Abrego Garcia, I have 
the following questions (a yes or no response is acceptable for 
questions 2a., 2c., and 2d.):
    Have you personally read, or been briefed on, the contents of the 
Supreme Court Opinion dated April 10, 2025 concerning the case of Mr. 
Abrego Garcia?
    Answer. Due to pending litigation, the Department of Homeland 
Security is unable to provide a response at this time.
    Question. Can you describe the steps you have personally taken to 
facilitate Mr. Abrego Garcia's return to the United States?
    Answer. Mr. Abrego Garcia was returned to the United States on 
approximately June 6, 2025.
    Question. Have you reached out to your counterpart in El Salvador 
about Mr. Abrego Garcia's case?
    Answer. Due to pending litigation, the Department of Homeland 
Security is unable to provide a response at this time.
    Question. When you visited the Center for Terrorism Confinement 
(CECOT) on March 26 for your photo opportunity, Mr. Abrego Garcia had 
been at CECOT for approximately 10 days. Did you check on his welfare 
during your visit to CECOT?
    Answer. Due to pending litigation, the Department of Homeland 
Security is unable to provide a response at this time.
    Question. It appears President Trump attempted to invoke the Alien 
Enemies Act (AEA) on March 14, but published the proclamation a day 
later, on March 15th. As we know, flights departed the United States on 
March 15th.
    When did you personally become aware the President attempted to 
invoke the AEA?
    Answer. On March 14, 2025, the President signed a proclamation, 
which was published on March 15, invoking his authorities under the 
Alien Enemies Act (AEA), 50 U.S.C. 21 et seq., against members of TdA. 
See Invocation of the Alien Enemies Act Regarding the Invasion of the 
United States by Tren de Aragua Sec. 1 (Mar. 14, 2025), 90 Fed. Reg. 
13,033 (Mar. 20, 2025) (Proclamation). This proclamation invoked the 
Alien Enemies Act against the Tren de Aragua terrorist organization, 
such that all Venezuelan citizens 14 years of age or older who are 
members of that organization and are not naturalized or lawful 
permanent residents of the United States are liable to be apprehended, 
restrained, secured, and removed as Alien Enemies. Due to ongoing 
litigation, the Department is unable to provide any additional 
information at this time.
    Question. When did you personally become aware that Venezuelans 
removed under the authority of the AEA would be transported to CECOT?
    Answer. Due to ongoing litigation, the Department is unable to 
provide any additional information at this time.
    Question. The President of El Salvador is reported to have said 
that he is being paid at least $6 million by the U.S. government to 
hold noncitizens from the United States in El Salvador's physical 
custody at CECOT.
    Is the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) paying for some or all 
of the reported $6 million? If DHS is not paying, who is (other than 
the American taxpayers)?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security respectfully defers to 
the Department of State.
    Question. Does the contract state how long detainees will be in 
prison at CECOT? If it does, please provide the length of time included 
in the contract.
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security respectfully defers to 
the Department of State.
    Question. Concerning the detention of noncitizens at Guantanamo 
Bay, Cuba, I have the following questions:
    Is the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) paying for some or all 
of the Guantanamo operations in the Department of Defense (DOD) 
portions of the base?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security respectfully defers to 
the Department of Defense.
    Question. Does DHS plan to continue the detention of immigrants at 
Guantanamo Bay? If not, when does the government expect to wind down 
operations at Guantanamo Bay?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security will continue detention 
operations at Naval Station Guantanamo Bay as long as the Department of 
Defense is able to support doing so as directed by President Trump. The 
Department and specifically U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 
(ICE) currently uses the Migrant Operations Center and Joint Task Force 
Camp 6 as holding sites to arrange flights and removals, much like it 
does in numerous detention sites within the continental United States. 
ICE continues to detain illegal aliens at Guantanamo Bay. There are 
currently no plans to draw down operations.
    Question. How much has DHS obligated or expended on detention and 
flights of non-citizens at Guantanamo Bay?
    Answer. Please refer to the following tables.

 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       January 21, 2025
                      Activity                          through May 7,
                                                         2025 Actuals
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Migrant Operations Center Detention Facility Costs..          $9,577,433
Travel..............................................             720,335
Supplies............................................             226,053
                                                     -------------------
      Total.........................................          10,523,821
------------------------------------------------------------------------


 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Flights January 21, 2025 through May, 10, 2025
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Mission Number                      Total Flight Cost
------------------------------------------------------------------------
25-000633...........................                         $150,001.24
25-001116...........................                          169,368.08
25-001115...........................                          162,124.19
25-000815...........................                           92,786.85
25-001027...........................                          124,887.63
25-001324...........................                          116,312.86
                                     -----------------------------------
      TOTAL:........................                          815,480.85
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Question. Is DHS reimbursing the Department of Defense (DOD) for 
any costs related to detention or transportation to or at Guantanamo? 
If yes, please provide the total actual and projected amounts of 
reimbursement.
    Answer. The March 7, 2025, Memorandum of Understanding between the 
Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense does not 
provide for the exchange of funds or manpower between agencies.
    Question. On April 28, President Trump issued an Executive Order 
requesting DHS and DOD examine whether it would be appropriate to 
invoke the Insurrection Act.
    Did you examine whether the administration should invoke the 
Insurrection Act?
    Question. As required under President Trump's Proclamation 10886, 
Declaring a National Emergency at the Southern Border of the United 
States issued on January 20, 2025, the Department of Homeland Security 
and the Department of Defense conducted a joint assessment of 
conditions at the southern border in the first 90 days of the 
Administration. This assessment included a recommendation regarding 
whether the Administration should invoke the Insurrection Act as 
required by the Proclamation.
    Did you submit your recommendations to the President? If so, when 
did you submit them?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security and the Department of 
Defense jointly submitted our report to President Trump. The Department 
of Homeland Security the Department of Defense jointly submitted our 
report to President Trump on April 24, 2025.
    Question. What did you recommend the President do?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security is unable to share this 
information as the recommendations in the report remain deliberative 
within the Executive Branch.
    Question. Secretary Noem, you've been outspoken in calling for the 
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) to return to 
its core responsibilities and missions. These three congressionally 
mandated missions are cybersecurity, infrastructure security, and 
emergency communications. I have questions for you about CISA's 
emergency communications mission--which, as laid out on the CISA 
website, is to uphold ``vital, two-way connection, communication, and 
collaboration between the public and private sectors.'' I need you to 
help me understand how President Trump's politically motivated 
persecution of his own former CISA Director Chris Krebs--simply for 
modeling courageous, honest emergency communications under tremendous 
political pressure and threats of violence--is consistent with your 
commitment to upholding the agency's core mission, and basic American 
rights and values.
    Are you aware of the emergency communications component of CISA's 
congressionally mandated, core mission, Secretary Noem?
    Answer. Yes, I am aware of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure 
Security Agency's (CISA) core, statutory mission, which remains 
unchanged.
    Question. Are you committed to supporting this mission--and 
upholding the First Amendment rights it depends upon--in your role as 
DHS Secretary?
    Answer. Yes, I and the Department of Homeland Security are 
committed to following the law.
    Question. Are you aware that over the past month President Trump 
has revoked former CISA Director Chris Krebs' security clearance, 
coerced his resignation from a private-sector job, and even canceled 
his membership in the Global Entry program--explicitly in response to 
Krebs offering his professional judgment that the 2020 election was 
safe and secure, and for rejecting debunked QAnon conspiracy theories 
about rigged voting machines?
    Answer. Yes, I am aware of President Trump's Executive Order on 
Chris Krebs.
    Question. Do you personally believe the 2020 Election was stolen?
    Answer. This is a non-germane political question.
    Question. Do you, in your professional capacity as Secretary of 
Homeland Security, believe the 2020 Election was stolen?
    Answer. This is a non-germane political question.
    Question. I'm deeply concerned that the example of Krebs will chill 
free speech and undermine CISA's effectiveness in its overarching 
mission. Can you explain how this outrageous act of political 
retribution--and the ongoing open-ended investigation your department 
and the DOJ are leading into Krebs--furthers CISA's mission of 
encouraging non-politicized, accurate emergency communications and 
keeping Americans and small businesses safe from critical 
infrastructure attacks?
    Answer. CISA's statutory mission continues without interruption. 
Information sharing with our partners is an essential part of 
fulfilling that mission.
    Question. The FY26 President's Budget proposes a nearly 17 percent 
cut to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), 
slashing $491 million from its $3 billion budget. This proposed cut 
would certainly inhibit CISA's ability to conduct its cybersecurity 
mission and support critical infrastructure entities and small 
businesses in need of support.
    Can you specify how the department is identifying the 
``duplicative'' programs and others it plans to cut under this budget?
    Answer. CISA's statutory mission continues without interruption. 
The agency is performing line-by-line reviews of every requirement in 
the agency's spend plan, to include all discretionary spending.
    Contracts and interagency agreements have been examined to ensure 
full compliance with Presidential guidance and CISA's statutory 
authorities. The agency is working closely with Department of Homeland 
Security leadership to identify opportunities for greater 
accountability, transparency, and cost-savings.
    Question. How is the department verifying that these cuts will not 
curtail or negatively impact key programs for critical infrastructure, 
small businesses, and international collaboration to counter foreign 
cyber-attacks with allies?
    Answer. CISA was designed to work across public and private sectors 
to improve the Nation's cyber and physical infrastructure security. 
CISA's authorities and mission allow for agility, flexibility, and 
innovation critical to its success.
    The budget supports CISA's efforts to prioritize high-risk areas, 
streamline operations, and adopt a risk-informed approach to focus on 
the most critical vulnerabilities and threats. CISA will continue to 
leverage strong partnerships with private sector entities; State, 
local, Tribal, and territorial governments; and international allies to 
pool resources, share intelligence, and coordinate responses to 
emerging threats.
    Question. How does the department justify dialing back CISA's 
funding and personnel at a time when foreign adversaries' cyber 
capabilities and presence within U.S. systems is only increasing and 
threatening Americans' security?
    Answer. Though staff has been reduced due to the voluntary 
Workforce Transition Program, CISA's ability to carry out its statutory 
mission continues without interruption. CISA has conducted an extensive 
review of its authorities to both refocus the agency on its core 
mission and eliminate duplicative functions. The agency will continue 
to address the most critical vulnerabilities and threats using a risk-
based approach to ensure the most vital infrastructure is protected.
    Question. I have heard much from cadets, faculty, and leaders at 
the U.S. Coast Guard Academy in New London, Connecticut, about the 
serious need to upgrade the Academy's living quarters--specifically, 
the Chase Hall Barracks and its oldest section, Annex A. Built in the 
1930s, this facility requires significant abatement to address asbestos 
and lead in the berthing rooms--which should be unacceptable in any 
space but certainly cannot be tolerated where cadets sleep. I have also 
heard about non-functioning heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, 
which can lead to serious health issues in a temperate place like New 
London. Even with these glaring deficiencies in Chase Hall impacting 
cadets' mental and physical well being--not to mention recruiting and 
retention--the project somehow did make it into the FY25 Budget 
Request. However, $29 million for Annex A rehabilitation did make the 
Unfunded Priorities List and was funded in the FY25 Senate Homeland 
Security Appropriations bill, before failing to pass into law with 
March's continuing resolution.
    Can you outline the Department's plan for prioritizing and swiftly 
rectifying the serious shortcomings in Coast Guard Academy living 
facilities like Chase Hall Annex A?
    Answer. The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) has invested significant 
resources to modernize Annexes C and D of Chase Hall to ensure it can 
house the USCG's future officer corps for decades to come. Currently, 
Chase Hall houses over 1,100 cadets and officer candidates, but 
habitability challenges have plagued the aging building. As we grow the 
U.S. Coast Guard, Chase Hall is key to training and building the 
officer corps. The Department of Homeland Security and USCG will 
continue to invest in the modernization of Chase Hall and other 
infrastructure projects at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy.
    Question. What about other living facilities at the Coast Guard 
Academy?
    Answer. The U.S. Coast Guard continues to invest in living 
facilities within the USCG Academy campus. In Fiscal Year 2022, USCG 
was appropriated $25 million to recapitalize the Academy's steam 
distribution system to improve habitability throughout the campus. 
Additionally, in 2024, the USCG Academy completed soil remediation 
around the senior officer housing units, removing hazardous lead paint 
from the surrounding area. The Service will continue to evaluate and 
prioritize infrastructure needs at all USCG Academy living facilities 
to provide cadets, officer candidates, and staff with a safe, healthy 
living environment.
    Question. What is the overall vision for the Department and Coast 
Guard for investing in upgrades to the Academy's campus facilities more 
broadly, with an eye towards improving quality of life, training, 
retention, and readiness?
    Answer. I appreciate this Committee's support in modernizing the 
aging infrastructure at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, which is home to 
all Coast Guard officer accession programs. A key Force Design 2028 
initiative is to invest in the Coast Guard's future officer leaders, 
including the facilities where cadets and officer candidates live, 
learn, and train. The Department of Homeland Security and the U.S. 
Coast Guard will continue to evaluate infrastructure needs at the U.S. 
Coast Guard Academy and prioritize these critical investments in future 
budget requests.
    Question. I have seen the U.S. Coast Guard's announcement of Force 
Design 2028, and I would like more specifics on this proposed 
reorganization.
    Please outline in detail every step the Coast Guard has taken to 
date, especially since the initial announcement on April 3, 2025.
    Answer. Leveraging the knowledge of hundreds of subject matter 
experts throughout the service, the USCG identified several initiatives 
necessary to become a stronger, more ready, and more capable military 
service through improvements in four areas: Contracting & Acquisition, 
Technology, People, and Organization. The United States Coast Guard 
delivered recommendations to my office and is establishing an 
implementation team.
    Question. Please outline in detail additional steps planned for the 
months and years ahead, as part of FD28.
    Answer. The United States Coast Guard is developing an 
implementation plan to be delivered to my office and is establishing an 
Implementation Team.
    Question. My understanding is that Force Design 2028 is being 
carried out at the direction of an unconfirmed ``Senior Advisor to the 
Secretary of the Coast Guard'' a position that does not exist. Can you 
explain under what authority this individual is empowered to take on 
these duties?
    Answer. In Force Design 2028, I provided the U.S. Coast Guard with 
a bold blueprint needed to drive decisive and transformational change. 
The acting Commandant is carrying out my direction through the Force 
Design 2028 implementation.
    Question. Please provide the department and service's authorities 
for undertaking actions under Force Design 2028?
    Answer. The Department and USCG are taking actions within the scope 
of the authorities provided under Title 14, United States Code, and 
other statutes. As Force Design 2028 implementation proceeds, the 
Service and the Department may request legislative changes if a need 
for additional authority is identified.
    Question. I was troubled to see the Coast Guard suspend its 
``Harassing Behavior Prevention, Response, and Accountability'' policy 
on January 27, 2025--especially after decades of failure to protect 
Coast Guard personnel, and Coast Guard Academy cadets in particular, 
from harassment and assault and to ensure accountability for these 
failures.
    Please describe the rationale for suspending this policy. How has 
the department and service taken steps to ensure that USCG personnel 
were not put at increased risk of harassing behavior since the 
suspension?
    Answer. Although the U.S. Coast Guard paused the majority of the 
policies and procedures outlined in the Harassing Behavior Prevention, 
Response, and Accountability, Commandant Instruction 5350.6, the 
requirements related to complaints of sexual harassment remained 
active. Furthermore, the lawful general order prohibiting other 
harassment remained in place. The other portions of the policy were 
paused to enable a comprehensive review of policy and procedures. 
During this review, USCG members and employees were still able to 
report harassing behavior or any other misconduct to their chain of 
command. All commands and supervisors are required to address reports 
in a timely manner and conduct inquiries in accordance with existing 
policy and the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Additionally, civilian 
and military members may still report discriminatory harassment to the 
Civil Rights Division through the Equal Employment Opportunity or 
Military Equal Opportunity programs.
    Question. Please provide an update on the Coast Guard's 90-day 
policy review that began with the policy's suspension on January 27, 
2025. If not yet complete, despite the late April due date, please 
share all available information, findings, and recommendations.
    Answer. The U.S. Coast Guard extended the comprehensive review of 
harassing behavior policy and procedures and it is ongoing.
    Question. How does the Coast Guard and the department plan to 
ensure adequate resources, protections, policies, and accountability 
measures are put into place to address the service's past failures, 
including Operation Fouled Anchor, and to create a safer environment 
for all USCG personnel going forward?
    Answer. USCG continues to dedicate resources to enhance prevention 
efforts, improve safety, expand victim support services, and promote 
accountability at every level. All allegations of sexual assault and 
harassment are taken seriously, including thorough and impartial 
investigations, and perpetrators are held accountable. USCG is fully 
committed to fostering a culture of professionalism and respect where 
every member of our workforce, including our most junior personnel, 
feel safe, supported, and empowered to succeed.
    Question. DHS has encouraged noncitizens to leave the U.S. by 
distributing flyers at immigration court hearings and offering to 
provide financial assistance for individuals who seek to self-deport. I 
have several questions about the accuracy of the information DHS is 
providing to immigrants as they make a decision to leave the U.S.
    Can you explain why you believe it is accurate to state that 
participation in CBP Home self-deportation may help preserve the option 
for someone to re-enter the U.S. legally in the future?
    Answer. Participation in CBP Home does not prevent an illegal alien 
from legally returning to the United States in the future if they meet 
all eligibility requirements, follow lawful processes, and are eligible 
for admission. Any future reentry into the United States is subject to 
U.S. immigration laws and regulations and will depend on the alien's 
specific circumstances at the time they seek lawful entry.
    Question. Is it true that if someone with pending immigration 
proceedings departs the U.S. without first receiving a final decision 
from an Immigration Judge, they subject themselves to a potential 10-
year bar on legally returning to the U.S.? Why or why not?
    Answer. Whether an alien is subject to the 10-year bar depends on 
the individual alien's circumstances. Project Homecoming participants 
may consult with an immigration attorney or legal counsel prior to 
indicating the intent to self-depart through the CBP Home App.
    Question. FEMA's Non-Profit Security Grant Program (NSGP) is a 
critical resource that helps fund physical security upgrades, training, 
and other tools for eligible 501(c)(3) organizations. Across 
Connecticut, synagogues, mosques, and churches regularly apply for the 
funding through NSGP so that members of their community feel safe in 
their houses of worship. Funding for the program has been a 
longstanding, bipartisan commitment, but unfortunately the available 
resources continue to fall short of national demand. For example, in 
the FY2024 grant cycle, DHS only had available funding for 57 percent 
of all grant applications. Additional work must also be done to 
simplify the application process and speed up the time it takes for 
approved organizations to receive the funding.
    How much additional funding does the Department anticipate it would 
need to satisfy national demand for NSGP in Fiscal Year 2026?
    Answer. The Federal Emergency Management Agency thoroughly reviews 
all grant applications for national security and terrorism threats. The 
Fiscal Year 2026 President's Budget accurately captures the necessary 
funding levels ($274.5 million) for the Non-Profit Security Grant 
Program.
    Question. How is the administration preparing for the potential 
increase in NSGP applications associated with the 2026 World Cup, 
particular as it relates to ensuring that houses of worship continue to 
have equitable access to the program?
    Answer. The Federal Emergency Management Agency thoroughly reviews 
all grant applications for national security and terrorism threats. 
Houses of worship that have elevated risks due to terrorism are 
prioritized in the grant award process.
    Question. DHS is funding a $200 million ad campaign in which you 
thank President Trump for his immigration policies. I have several 
questions about the bidding process for these ads and the source of the 
funds. The two firms selected for the contract for these ads--People 
Who Think, LLC and Safe America Media, LLC, are both reportedly owned 
by Republican political consultants, some of whom have worked directly 
with Donald Trump's presidential campaigns. In government documents, it 
appears that the Department is alleging it doesn't have to follow a 
free and fair competition process for contracts because of the alleged 
emergency at the border.
    Did you bypass the competitive bidding process to place these 
contracts and, if so, why?
    Answer. The Stronger Borders, Stronger America advertising and 
media services contracts were competitively awarded in accordance with 
the Federal Acquisition Regulation. The Department of Homeland Security 
conducted this procurement, ran by career government officials, in 
accordance with the Federal Acquisition Regulations.
    These common-sense ads embody the Department's duty to enforce the 
United States' immigration laws--just like previous efforts to deter 
illegal migration, such as the ``Say No to the Coyote'' digital ad 
campaign launched by United States Customs and Border Protection in 
2022. Right now, border crossings are the lowest ever \1\, traffic 
through the Darien Gap has plummeted by 99 percent,\2\ and even the New 
York Times is reporting on the increasing numbers of illegal aliens 
self-deporting.\3\ The world is hearing America's message loud and 
clear.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/march-
numbers-show-most-secure-border-history-operational-control
    \2\ breitbart.com/latin-america/2025/03/11/panama-records-99-drop-
in-u-s-bound-migration-through-darien-gap/
    \3\ https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/28/briefing/the-self-
deporters.html
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The Department of Homeland Security has and will continue, in 
collaboration with the Department of Government Efficiency, to review 
all of the Department's contracts for efficiency and cost savings.
    Question. It has also been reported that the $200 million in funds 
for these ads were redirected from the DHS Office of Civil Rights and 
Civil Liberties (CRCL), a critical oversight body that the Trump 
administration has entirely de-staffed, despite Sen. Britt and me 
providing funds for this office for each fiscal year we've been 
involved in this subcommittee. Can you confirm if some or all of these 
$200 million were taken from the CRCL budget?
    Answer. None of the funding for the Ad Campaign was taken from the 
Department of Homeland Security Office of Civil Rights and Civil 
Liberties.
    Question. The Federal statute creating the fee regime for USCIS 
States all the deposits from fees collected shall go towards the 
``expenses in providing immigration adjudication and naturalization 
services.''
    Are USCIS fee funds being used for immigration enforcement 
activities?
    Answer. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) fee funds 
are being used in accordance with 8 United States Code 1356(m) 
Immigration Examinations Fee Account:
    Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, all adjudication fees 
as are designated by the Attorney General in regulations shall be 
deposited as offsetting receipts into a separate account entitled 
``Immigration Examinations Fee Account'' in the Treasury of the United 
States, whether collected directly by the Attorney General or through 
clerks of courts: Provided, however, That all fees received by the 
Attorney General from applicants residing in the Virgin Islands of the 
United States, and in Guam, under this subsection shall be paid over to 
the treasury of the Virgin Islands and to the treasury of Guam: 
Provided further, That fees for providing adjudication and 
naturalization services may be set at a level that will ensure recovery 
of the full costs of providing all such services, including the costs 
of similar services provided without charge to asylum applicants or 
other immigrants.
    Question. Has there been an analysis of whether using USCIS fees 
complies with the statute? If so, can you please share the analysis.
    Answer. USCIS prepares an annual budget submission and accompanying 
congressional justifications for each of USCIS' resources, including 
USCIS fee accounts, outlining how USCIS intends to spend its fees. 
Additionally, USCIS fees authorized by section 1356(m) are established 
by rulemaking which includes a full analysis of USCIS costs, necessary 
fees, and how fees will be used to support USCIS operational 
activities.
    Question. DHS sent a notice to a United States Citizen in my state 
that her status was being terminated and she should immediately depart 
the United States.
    Were you aware DHS sent United States Citizens notices that their 
status was terminated and that they should immediately depart the 
United States?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has issued 
legitimate notices terminating parole for aliens who no longer have a 
lawful basis to remain in the United States. DHS used e-mail addresses 
provided by aliens to send parole termination notifications to 
parolees. If a non-personal e-mail-such as a U.S. citizen contact-was 
provided by the alien, notices may have been sent to unintended 
recipients.
    Question. What has been done to correct this? How did you get the 
email address for a US Citizen with no DHS contact?
    Answer. DHS used e-mail addresses provided by aliens to send parole 
termination notifications to parolees. If a non-personal e-mail-such as 
a U.S. citizen contact-was provided by the alien, notices may have been 
sent to unintended recipients. DHS will address any issues brought to 
our attention on a case-by-case basis.
    Question. Will you commit to sending each citizen a follow up 
letter acknowledging the mistake and assuring them they are safe from 
DHS?
    Answer. The notice was specific to parole termination of aliens and 
has no impact on U.S. citizens.

                                 ______
                                 

              Questions Submitted by Senator Patty Murray
    Question. Secretary Noem cited recruitment statistics for several 
DHS components, stating that ``CBP's up fifty-four percent--Coast Guard 
is up over a hundred percent and the Secret Service is up over two 
hundred percent.'' Please provide the data supporting these statements.
    Answer. From January 1, 2024, through May 1, 2024, U.S. Customs and 
Border Protection (CBP) received 36,101 applicants for Border Patrol 
Agents and Customs and Border Protection Officers. From January 1, 
2025, through May 1, 2025, CBP received 56,170 applicants for Border 
Patrol Agents and Customs and Border Protection Officers, representing 
a 56 percent increase.
    From October 1, 2024, through April 30, 2025, the U.S. Coast Guard 
(USCG) received 4,640 active-duty enlisted applicants, 108 percent of 
the Fiscal Year 2025 recruitment target of 4,300.
    From January 20, 2024, through April 16, 2024, the U.S. Secret 
Service (USSS) received 7,421 applicants. From January 20, 2025, 
through April 16, 2025, USSS received 21,838 applicants, representing a 
194 percent increase.
    Question. The Department released a public statement asserting that 
CBP had ``total control of the border.'' What is the Department's 
definition of ``total control of the border?'' What metrics are used to 
make that assertion? If the Department has ``total control of the 
border'' please explain why additional investments are needed?
    Answer. The Trump Administration's goal is to make America Safe 
Again and that begins with obtaining and sustaining total control of 
our borders. Total control of the border means that the Department of 
Homeland Security (DHS) is able to effectively respond to and prevent 
illicit activity at the border, including illegal immigration. 
Specifically, daily border encounters are down by 93 percent; known 
gotaways--the top threat to public safety--are down by 95 percent; and 
migrant crossings in the Darien Gap are down by 99.99 percent.
    The Department uses key metrics related to illegal immigration 
flows, drug and arms seizures, and arrests of criminals, gang members, 
and members of foreign terrorist organizations to determine the 
effectiveness of its efforts at the border. These metrics demonstrate 
tremendous improvement over the border overseen by the previous 
Administration and indicate that the Department has reclaimed control 
over the border.
    For example, only five illegal aliens were temporarily allowed into 
the United States in April 2025 for U.S. special interest court cases-a 
staggering drop from the roughly 68,000 released along the southern 
border during the same month last year April 2025 saw the lowest number 
of illegal alien encounters at the southern border in recorded history, 
less than 6,300. This is a 95 percent drop from April of 2024, where 
the number of encounters was 129,000. In sum, President Trump's 
successful policies have ensured that fewer illegal aliens are coming 
to our border and that those who persist in making the journey are 
being apprehended and removed.
    Now that DHS has achieved total control of the border, we need to 
sustain it. Smugglers, terrorists, and other criminals are always 
changing their tactics to try to breach our border and bring harm to 
the American people. To address this enduring threat, we need Congress 
to secure investments in staffing, infrastructure, technology, 
information sharing, and public-private partnerships. We need to 
improve infrastructure along the border and to obtain and install new 
surveillance and detection technology, primary and secondary border 
wall systems and waterborne barrier systems.
    Control of the border has only been successful because President 
Trump declared a National Emergency at the Southwest Border and brought 
in the Department of Defense to assist. Existing CBP staffing alone 
could not have achieved this level of border control.
    Question. The Secretary's statement cited a decrease in narcotics 
seizures and described that decrease as a sign of progress. Please 
explain why the Secretary believes an over 50 percent decrease in the 
seizure of fentanyl from this same time frame as last year is progress?
    Answer. In March of 2025, fentanyl seized at the southern border 
decreased by 54 percent in comparison to March of 2024. The fact is 
that President Trump's successful policies have made it more risky and 
more expensive for drug traffickers to attempt to send drugs across the 
border. CBP, supported by the Department of Defense at President 
Trump's direction, has finally been empowered to secure our border and 
keep drugs and criminals out of our country. Furthermore, President 
Trump has successfully convinced the Mexican government to step up and 
crack down on drug traffickers on their side of the border, degrading 
their ability to produce fentanyl. Simply put, the reason we are 
seizing less fentanyl is that less fentanyl is coming.
    Question. The Department has shuttered the Office for Civil Rights 
and Civil Liberties, the Office of the Immigration Detention Ombudsman, 
and the Office of the Citizenship and Immigration Services Ombudsman, 
despite each office having congressionally mandated requirements. 
Please explain how the Department intends to fulfill the statutorily 
required functions of the previously mentioned offices and how many 
staff the Department will have executing those requirements.
    Answer. The Offices will continue to perform their statutorily 
mandated duties.
    Question. Is it the Department and the Administration's intent to 
downgrade current detention standard requirements for newly acquired 
facilities or beds?
    How does the Department intend to implement standards in new 
facilities versus short-term holding facilities?
    Does the Department intend to continue implementing TEDs standards 
in future ICE soft-sided facilities? If so, please provide the written 
legal justification why ICE facilities may utilize these standards.
    Answer. No, all U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (All ICE) 
detention facilities will continue to operate under ICE's National 
Detention Standards. Facilities currently operating under the 
``Performance Based National Detention Standards'' will begin to use 
ICE National Detention Standards when existing contracts expire. 
Additionally, ICE issued a new set of standards for Non-Dedicated 
Intergovernmental Services Agreements, which are designed to serve as 
an overlay to their existing detailed standards and requirements with 
which non-dedicated detention Service Providers (e.g., county and local 
government partners) are already required to comply.
    All new facilities will be contractually obligated to operate in 
accordance with ICE National Detention Standards except facilities 
operated by the Bureau of Prisons and United States Marshals Service, 
which will abide by their own national detention standards.
    ICE is currently applying the U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
(CBP) National Standards on Transport, Escort, Detention, and Search 
(TEDS) at the El Paso Emergency Holding Facility. This facility was 
previously operated by CBP, and it currently holds aliens for periods 
under 72 hours.
    The TEDS standards address procedures and services required for 
short term hold rooms and detention in accordance with Federal laws, 
which establish standards of care in the United States pertaining to 
hold rooms such as temperature, meals, clean water, hygiene, inventory, 
retention, and return of an individual's personal property such as 
identification documents, medications, currency, and legal papers, and 
the prevention of sexual abuse and assault.
    Future, soft-sided facilities holding aliens for periods longer 
than 72 hours will operate under ICE National Detention Standards. 
These standards apply to facilities holding aliens for over 72 hours 
and address procedures and services required for longer-term detention 
in accordance with Federal laws establishing standards of care in the 
United States, including: conditions of confinement; safety and 
security (e.g., use of force and restraints, searches, segregation, 
disciplinary systems, and protection from sexual abuse and assault); 
detained alien care (food service, medical and mental health care, and 
personal hygiene); access to due process (legal materials, legal 
visitation and phone calls,\4\ and consular officials); and activities 
(telephone access, social visitation, recreation, correspondence, and 
religious services).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \4\ There is no law that specifically mandates ``legal rights group 
presentations'' in ICE detention facilities. This has been a policy 
requirement found within ICE's Performance Based National Detention 
Standards (PBNDS) and National Detention Standards (NDS) under which 
ICE detention operators are contractually obligated. The standards are 
available on ICE.gov. Section 6.4 in NDS 2025 and PBNDS.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 ______
                                 

               Questions Submitted by Senator Gary Peters
    Question. The DHS Science and Technology (S&T) Directorate has long 
funded universities to conduct deep analysis of the most urgent threats 
to homeland security, such as terrorism and fentanyl trafficking, and 
provide actionable recommendations for DHS components. S&T also 
develops technology to detect fentanyl and related drugs at the border. 
You have noted that some of the best answers come from outside 
government, and that's exactly who S&T looks to for solutions to tough 
problems. After cutting funding for nearly all the DHS Centers of 
Excellence that were funded by S&T, how will DHS get the best research, 
science, and technology support that it needs to carry out its homeland 
security mission?
    Answer. The Centers of Excellence will transition to emeritus 
status with no continued annual funding from the Department of Homeland 
Security (DHS). The expertise and capabilities afforded through the 
Department of Homeland Security Centers of Excellence will remain 
available via utilization of their Basic Ordering Agreement. Basic 
Ordering Agreements are a streamlined funding mechanism that allow the 
government to fund directed research for more immediate impacts through 
emeritus Centers of Excellence. The Science and Technology Directorate 
will continue to resource research activities with a range of 
performers, including academia, to assess emerging vulnerabilities and 
anticipate future threats within priority mission areas.
    Question. How many DHS personnel are currently stationed at 
Guantanamo?
    Answer. As of May 8, 2025, there were 46 DHS personnel stationed at 
Naval Station Guantanamo Bay.
    Question. How many DHS contractors are currently stationed at 
Guantanamo?
    Answer. As of May 8, 2025, there were 75 DHS contractors stationed 
at Guantanamo Bay.
    Question. How many U.S. military are currently stationed at 
Guantanamo in support of DHS's immigration detention mission?
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security respectfully defers to 
the Department of Defense.
    Question. How many immigrants have been detained by ICE at 
Guantanamo? Please provide a count by nationality and dates of 
detention.
    Answer. Please refer to the below table.

   Detention at Naval Station Guantanamo Bay by Country of Citizenship
                February 4, 2025 through May 18, 2025 \1\
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Total Aliens
                  Country of Citizenship                      Booked-In
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Venezuela.................................................          232
Nicaragua.................................................          160
El Salvador...............................................           25
Guatemala.................................................           15
Ecuador...................................................           15
Colombia..................................................            9
Honduras..................................................            9
Dominican Republic........................................            6
Vietnam...................................................            4
Brazil....................................................            4
Peru......................................................            3
Turkiye...................................................            2
Afghanistan...............................................            2
Cambodia..................................................            1
Senegal...................................................            1
Costa Rica................................................            1
Liberia...................................................            1
Morocco...................................................            1
Belize....................................................            1
Sweden....................................................            1
Syria.....................................................            1
Bolivia...................................................            1
Guinea....................................................            1
Laos......................................................            1
Romania...................................................            1
Egypt.....................................................            1
Georgia...................................................            1
                                                           -------------
      Total                                                         500
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ICE is unable to provide a breakdown of dates due to operational
  concerns.

    Question. ICE has stated that the detention of immigrants is 
``temporary'' at Guantanamo.
    What is the average length of detention for immigrants held at 
Guantanamo?
    Answer. Please refer to the below table.

                                 Naval Station Guantanamo Bay Detention Overview
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               Shortest Detention   Longest Detention                        Aliens Currently in
  Average Days in Detention          in Days             in Days         Aliens Booked-Outs       Detention
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            10.35                                                  52                  427                   73
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Question. What is the shortest length of time an immigrant 
has been held at Guantanamo?
    Answer. The shortest detention stay is less than 24 hours.
    Question. What is the longest amount of time that an 
immigrant has been held at Guantanamo?
    Answer. The longest detention stay is 52 days.
    Question. How many days does DHS consider detention at 
Guantanamo to be ``temporary''?
    Answer. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) 
leverages the Migrant Operations Center and Joint Task Force 
Camp Six for detention sites to arrange flights and removals. 
However, the time an alien remains in custody at Naval Station 
Guantanamo Bay depends on various factors, including the length 
of time it takes to secure a removal flight.
    Question. What is the current maximum limit for usable 
detention space by DHS at Guantanamo? Please provide numbers 
for Camp VI, the Migrant Operations Center, and any other 
facilities.
    Answer. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is 
currently using Naval Station Guantanamo Bay to house detained 
aliens subject to executable final orders without legal 
impediments to removal. ICE leverages the Migrant Operations 
Center and Joint Task Force Camp Six for detention sites. The 
Migrant Operations Center can currently hold up to 50 persons 
and the current holding capacity for the Camp Six facility is 
up to 143 persons.
    Question. What entity (i.e. ICE Air or Department of 
Defense) is responsible for transporting people to Guantanamo? 
From Guantanamo?
    Answer. ICE Air Operations operates flights in and out of 
the location using a contracted carrier.
    Question. The National Fire Academy (NFA) was closed 
earlier this year as part of a review to ensure alignment with 
the Administration's priorities. Given the importance of the 
NFA to training fire service personnel from all around the 
country and helping to ensure nation-wide readiness, when will 
the NFA campus will be reopened and trainings be made available 
again?
    Answer. In-person training has resumed at three national 
schoolhouses in June 2025-the Center for Domestic Preparedness 
in Anniston, Alabama and the National Fire Academy and the 
National Disaster and Emergency Management University in 
Emmitsburg, Maryland.
    Following a comprehensive review by the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency (FEMA) and the United States Fire 
Administration, it was determined certain courses provide 
effective training to enhance national readiness for State, 
local, Tribal, and territorial emergency managers, first 
responders, and local leaders. FEMA's principles for emergency 
management assert that disasters are best managed when they are 
federally supported, state managed, and locally executed.
    Question. Due to personnel shortages, the U.S. Coast Guard 
has made operational changes and temporary station closures 
across the country, including at a number of locations across 
the Great Lakes. How are you prioritizing recruitment, 
retention, and training, of the personnel necessary to restore 
the Coast Guard's full operational capacity in the Great Lakes?
    Answer. In Fiscal Year 2022, the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) 
made the strategic decision to focus significant resources and 
personnel to growing its worldwide recruiting capacity. The 
Service focused on recruiting new service members from across 
the Nation to meet personnel needs at every USCG unit. In 
Fiscal Year 2024, the Service achieved its active duty 
recruiting goals for the first time since Fiscal Year 2017 and 
closed its workforce gap by nearly 1,000 members.
    USCG continues to expand recruiting operations and will 
open a new recruiting office in Grand Rapids, Michigan, later 
this year. This is in addition to the five other recruiting 
offices in the Great Lakes region. The Service continues to 
enhance its recruiting ability to ensure it can fully staff 
every unit to maximize operational readiness across the Nation.

                                ------                                


            Questions Submitted by Senator Chris Van Hollen
                      case of kilmar abrego garcia
    Question. On April 10th, the Supreme Court ruled 9-0 that the Trump 
Administration must facilitate the return of Kilmar Abrego Garcia, a 
Maryland resident, to the United States. The Trump Administration has 
acknowledged that his deportation to El Salvador was an 
``administrative error'', and President Trump said himself in the Oval 
Office that he ``could'' return Abrego Garcia with a phone call to El 
Salvadoran President Bukele.
    During the hearing you claimed, ``this Administration is following 
and complying with all Federal court orders.'' So I reiterate my 
question to you: what have you done and what has DHS done to comply 
with the Supreme Court's order to ``facilitate'' Mr. Abrego Garcia's 
return to the United States?
    Answer. Mr. Abrego Garcia was returned to the United States around 
June 6, 2025.
             u.s. el salvador deportee detention agreement
    Question. The State Department has informed Congress that the Trump 
Administration intends to pay El Salvador up to $15 million to imprison 
deportees, at least $6 million of which has already been paid. During 
your testimony, you agreed to respond to the letter I sent you on April 
8th regarding Mr. Abrego Garcia's deportation, which included questions 
about the Administration's actions in this case. One of the questions 
asks you to provide to Congress the grant agreement document between 
the United States and the government of El Salvador on the detention of 
people deported from the U.S. When I asked you about this during your 
hearing, you said, ``I'm sure you can see this document as well.''
    When will you respond to that letter as promised?
    Answer. On May 19, 2025, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) 
provided a response to your April 8, 2025 letter.
    Question. Please provide the grant agreement with El Salvador or 
let me know how we can arrange for me to see it.
    Answer. The Department of Homeland Security respectfully defers to 
the Department of State.
                       the national fire academy
    Question. In March 2025, the Administration canceled all in-person 
first responder training courses at the U.S. Fire Administration's 
(USFA) National Fire Academy (NFA) and the Emergency Management 
Institute (EMI), collocated at the National Emergency Training Center 
(NETC) in Emmitsburg, Maryland. I sent you a letter, along with 
Congresswoman Delaney and 64 of my fellow Members of Congress, on March 
14th about the cancellations and never received a response. During the 
hearing you mentioned to me that, ``I believe we did respond.'' 
Moreover, you also mentioned that ``those grants and programs are being 
facilitated, and those dollars will be forwarded. So, that is something 
that if I didn't get that back to you, we will get it to you within 24 
hours.''
    When will you provide the response to the letter?
    Answer. DHS thoroughly evaluated our training programs and spending 
to ensure alignment with Administration priorities and support 
responsible spending. The Department's review has been completed, and 
the schoolhouses have reopened. In-person trainings resumed in early 
June.
    In reviewing available trainings, the Federal Emergency Management 
Agency (FEMA) worked to ensure training and education resources are 
maximized to best serve our State, local, Tribal Nation, and 
territorial first responders. Our goal is to ensure that we are 
effectively and efficiently addressing the most critical preparedness 
outcomes for our partners while maintaining fiscal responsibility.
    Question. When will the in-person classes resume and the 
restoration of funding for the NFA and EMI start?
    Answer. In-person training has resumed at three national 
schoolhouses in June 2025-the Center for Domestic Preparedness in 
Anniston, Alabama and the National Fire Academy and the National 
Disaster and Emergency Management University in Emmitsburg, Maryland.
    Following a comprehensive review by FEMA and the U.S. Fire 
Administration, it was determined certain courses provide effective 
training to enhance national readiness for State, local, Tribal, and 
territorial emergency managers, first responders, and local leaders. 
FEMA's principles for emergency management assert that disasters are 
best managed when they are federally supported, state managed, and 
locally executed.
                        baltimore holding rooms
    Question. On April 10th, following reports of inhumane conditions 
in the ICE Baltimore Field Office's holding rooms and a visit by our 
staff to the facility, Senator Alsobrooks and I sent you a letter 
expressing our concern. In the letter, we requested the production of 
the waiver for the 12-hour holding rule and asked a series of questions 
regarding ICE and DHS's operations.
    My office has been told that the Department's response to the 
letter is in process but has not been given a timeline. Do you commit 
to provide a response to our letter, and if so, when?
    Answer. The Department is committed to providing a response and is 
working to provide a response to your letter.
    Question. Do you commit to providing Senator Alsobrooks and me the 
waiver document granting Baltimore's ICE field office authorization to 
waive the 12-hour holding rule?
    Answer. Please refer to the attached memorandum, Attachment A--
Enforcement and Removal Operations Baltimore Field Office Hold Room--
Waiver Request (January 30, 2025).
                   ice prioritization of enforcement
    Question. In your nomination hearing, you said that ``President 
Trump has been very clear that his priority is going to be deporting 
criminals, those who have broken our laws and perpetuated violence in 
our communities. That'll be the priority... those with criminal 
convictions in our country, that will be a focus that we need to tackle 
right away.''
    How is ICE determining that its targets for enforcement are persons 
with criminal convictions?
    Answer. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) employs a 
broad range of law enforcement and intelligence techniques to identify 
aliens who are present in the United States without authorization or 
are otherwise removable, including those who may pose threats to 
national security, public safety, or border security, or who undermine 
the integrity of United States immigration laws.
    ICE's Targeting Operations Center provides leads and referrals to 
ICE field offices to enhance operational efficiency of enforcement 
actions, including through the support of the following organizations:

  --The National Criminal Analysis and Targeting Center analyzes data 
        in law enforcement and immigration databases to identify and 
        locate priority targets.

  --The Law Enforcement Support Center provides real-time data on 
        criminal aliens to a variety of federal, State, and local law 
        enforcement partners.

    The Pacific Enforcement Response Center reviews data on removable 
aliens with criminal charges and/or convictions and provides near-real 
time leads and referrals to ICE teams operating across all field 
offices.
                             ice detention
    Question. In March, Congress passed a continuing resolution that 
provided nearly $500 million additional funding for ICE, giving the 
agency a nearly $10 billion budget. Shortly after, however, ICE issued 
a solicitation for ``Emergency Detention and Related Services,'' which 
could spend up to $45 billion over 2 years for new ICE jails and 
related services. ICE also posted a sole source justification noticing 
less than competitive contract awards. The solicitations came shortly 
after the Chair and Vice Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee 
sent a bipartisan letter to the Trump administration challenging its 
treatment of emergency-designated funding included in the full-year CR 
passed in March 2025.
    How does ICE justify issuing solicitations for $45 billion and 
awarding new contracts when it is currently under a Continuing 
Resolution, and already spending well over its annually appropriated 
budget, which was just increased to $10 billion?
    Answer. The Administration directed ICE to increase the number of 
detention beds to meet operational needs as enforcement operations 
intensify in line with President Trump's desire to vigorously enforce 
U.S. immigration laws. ICE has issued various solicitations and 
requests for information to identify potential detention facilities to 
meet the agency's needs, particularly in locations with insufficient 
detention capacity. Certain contracts may be deemed essential to 
maintain these operations without interruption. While under a 
continuing resolution, agencies have some flexibility to reallocate 
funds within their existing budget to address urgent needs. In this 
case, ICE may prioritize essential contracts and adjust other 
expenditures accordingly.
    Question. What private contractor bids or proposals is ICE 
considering for expansion of its detention and deportation operations?
    Answer. ICE is currently considering a variety of locations to 
expand detention capacity; however, no decisions have been made at this 
time.
    ICE is working with the Department of Defense to establish several 
immigration staging and detention locations on Department of Defense 
installations.
    Question. Please provide the Committee with information regarding 
which State, county, or local governments, or private companies 
responded to the Emergency Detention Related Services sourcing vehicle 
posted in April 2025 seeking funds from the $45 billion for additional 
detention capacity. What are the names of the proposed facilities or 
regions?
    Answer. Please refer to the below table for the requested 
information. ICE and Department of Defense have identified the 
following locations for emergency detention facilities.

  --Fort Bliss (Montana site) (El Paso, Texas);

  --Joint Base McGuire Dix Lakehurst (Lakehurst, New Jersey): and

  --Camp Atterbury (Franklin, Indiana).

 
 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Offeror Unique
                  Offeror Name   Entity Identifier         Address
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1                 Active              XXJXSMP4H4J1   280 Hugo Road, San
                   Deployment                         Marcos, Texas
                   Systems                            78666, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2                 Acuity                     L41JMCZK10701 Parkridge
                                                      Boulevard, Suite
                                                      200, Reston,
                                                      Virginia 20191,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3                 Akima               LUDNH5K4XQU9   2553 Dulles View
                                                      Drive, Suite 700,
                                                      Herndon, Virginia
                                                      20171, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4                 Amentum             QEMLRQA7PLG4   4800 Westfields
                                                      Boulevard, Suite
                                                      400, Chantilly,
                                                      Virginia 20151
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5                 AMI                 DL1VNK64YL14   12030 Sunrise
                   Expeditiona                        Valley Drive,
                   ry                                 Suite 250, Reston,
                   Healthcare                         Virginia 20191
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6                 Apex Site                   P5YZCMJ1300 West Main
                   Services                           Street, Suite 305,
                                                      Waxahachie, Texas
                                                      75165, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7                 Aspen               UF3FMLEAWT13   1100 15th St NW,
                   Medical                            Washington, DC
                                                      20005, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8                 Asset                       HMJ4CBS5502 Burnham Drive,
                   Protection                         Corpus Christi,
                   and                                Texas 78413,
                   Security                           United States of
                   Services                           America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9                 Bering              L8BNTYVF45P7   3301 C Street,
                   Straits                            Suite 400,
                   Professiona                        Anchorage, Alaska
                   l Services                         99503, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10                Caduceus            ZX23KR32ZH32   1850 Parkway Place
                                                      SE, Suite 725,
                                                      Marietta, Georgia
                                                      30067, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11                Centerra                H4H3J7SJCT713530 Dulles
                   Group                              Technology Drive,
                                                      Suite 500,
                                                      Herndon, Virginia
                                                      20171, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12                CoreCivic           HJGMJN1JKL46   5501 Virginia Way,
                                                      Brentwood,
                                                      Tennessee 37027,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
13                Cotton              VPRKW5GS6K17   5443 Katy Hockley
                   Commercial                         Cut Off Road,
                                                      Katy, Texas 77493,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
14                Deployed            GFTGQRJ8F959   164 McPike Road,
                   Resources                          Rome, New York
                                                      13441, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
15                Deployed            T4R2JNL2PKV3   6820 West Linebaugh
                   Services                           Avenue, Suite 105,
                                                      Tampa, Florida
                                                      33625, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
16                David Money         MLLGWJ8ZZ2S3   4741 Military
                   Group                              Trail, Suite 202,
                   Global                             Jupiter, Florida
                                                      33458, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
17                Emergency                 HAK5PNC3G1385 Pridemore
                   Disaster                           Court, Lexington,
                   Services                           Kentucky 40505,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
18                GardaWorld          FJLMN2N34M93   1700 North Moore
                   Federal                            Street, Suite
                   Services                           1875, Arlington,
                                                      Virginia 22209,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
19                GEO Group           JMLKZZ1NL2Z6   4955 Technology
                                                      Way, Boca Raton,
                                                      Florida 33431,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
20                Global              QDNZY1MXQUK8   923 Maple Grove
                   Dimensions                         Drive, Suite 201,
                                                      Fredericksburg,
                                                      Virginia 22407,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
21                Gothams             HVR7BYAMSL27   115 E 5th Street,
                                                      Austin, Texas
                                                      78701, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
22                Guardian 6          TTLUYN248DA1   1968 W. Belt Line
                   Solutions                          Road, Cedar Hill,
                                                      Texas 75104,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
23                Industrial          N7GNTMBL69K5   322 Riley Road,
                   Tent                               Houston, Texas
                   Systems                            77047, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
24                InGenesis                      PC8M18756 Stone Oak
                                                      Parkway, Suite
                                                      200, San Antonio,
                                                      Texas 78258,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
25                Internationa        EEANN2A3SSQ4   1201 Louisiana
                   l SOS                              Street, Suite 500,
                   Government                         Houston, Texas
                   Medical                            77002, United
                   Services                           States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
26                ISS Action                      CN6204 E Mckenzie
                                                      Street, Unit E6,
                                                      Punta Gorda,
                                                      Florida 33950,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
27                J&J                 Y4TKSMDNTRN6   8350 Broad Street,
                   Worldwide                          Suite 1100,
                   Services                           Mclean, Virginia
                                                      22102, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
28                Kastel                        SVC5U60 Saint Francis
                   Enterprises                        Street, Suite P6,
                                                      Mobile, Alabama
                                                      36602, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
29                KIG                 Z5JLMFHLJF59   3030 K Street NW,
                   Technical                          Suite 203,
                   Services                           Washington, DC
                                                      20007, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30                LaSalle             J76AEWGPFZT1   192 Bastille Lane,
                   Corrections                        Suite 200, Ruston,
                                                      Louisiana 71270,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
31                Lemoine                         C181906 Eraste Landry
                   Disaster                           Road, Suite 200,
                                                      Lafayette,
                                                      Louisiana 70506,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
32                Longview                        CNM12930 Worldgate
                   Intl Tech                          Drive, Suite 300,
                   Solutions                          Herndon, Virginia
                                                      20170, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
33                Loyal Source        Y54FQAPG4TN5   12612 Challenger
                                                      Parkway, Suite
                                                      365, Orlando,
                                                      Florida 32826,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
34                Luke                         MT3CJK375 Commerce
                                                      Parkway, Suite
                                                      103, Rockledge,
                                                      Florida 32955,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
35                MLU                 L77SPKGHB5G5   200 Whitehead Road,
                                                      Bogart, Georgia
                                                      30622, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
36                Management &        G58ZEJ7HJGM1   500 N Market Place
                   Training                           Drive,
                   Corporation                        Centerville, Utah
                                                      84014, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
37                ProTech II              YT2JRNW5CHB21145 Whitfield
                                                      Place, Suite 106,
                                                      Sterling, Virginia
                                                      20165, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
38                Rapid               K1B6MGA23WL3   1521 Azalea Road,
                   Deployment                         Mobile, Alabama
                                                      36693, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
39                Recana              HT74GJ837NF8   11767 Katy Fwy,
                   Solutions                          Suite 930,
                                                      Houston, Texas
                                                      77079, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
40                Response AI         ZE2JVFS8ML75   843 Constellation
                   Solutions                          Drive, Great
                                                      Falls, Virginia
                                                      22066, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
41                Responsive                      C1G400 W. Virginia
                   Deployment                         Street, Suite 100,
                                                      Mckinney, Texas
                                                      75069, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
42                Rockwell                     H6NCLM10849 NW Quail
                   American                           Road, Terrebonne,
                   Services                           Oregon 97760
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
43                Security            H9YLYJ7TSEH8   366 Merle Gustafson
                   Partners                           Road, Tallulah,
                                                      Louisiana 71282,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
44                Sullivan            F1PMZXNJ7NM5   6702 Broadway
                   Land                               Street, Galveston,
                   Services                           Texas 77554,
                   Co.                                United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
45                SOS                          L3VCKM1881 Campus Commons
                   Internation                        Drive, Suite 500,
                   al                                 Reston, Virginia
                                                      20191, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
46                Target              LLMHPD1Q3X51   9320 Lakeside
                   Logistics                          Boulevard, Suite
                                                      300, The
                                                      Woodlands, Texas
                                                      77381, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
47                Telos               JLW7WAKPEKD4   19886 Ashburn Road,
                                                      Ashburn, Virginia
                                                      20147, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
48                U.S.                UKQUPVHWM6V9   2 Executive Circle,
                   Advisors                           Suite 205, Irvine,
                                                      California 92614,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
49                U.S.                DHL2L69BKFT5   500 NW 91st Street,
                   Commercial                         Miami, Florida
                   Diving                             33150, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50                USA UP STAR         EQDFVSJ3HGE7   1760 Industrial
                                                      Drive, Greenwood,
                                                      Indiana 46143,
                                                      United States of
                                                      America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
51                V2X                 RRFJZGASZJ41   2424 Garden of the
                                                      Gods Road, Suite
                                                      300, Colorado
                                                      Springs, Colorado
                                                      80919, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
52                Vision Quest        MNA3EF2HHKE5   13212 Commodore
                   Solutions                          Road, Hot Springs,
                                                      South Dakota
                                                      57747, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
53                Xator LLC           ZJFDNMA46LT9   10432 Balls Ford
                                                      Road, Suite 240,
                                                      Manassas, Virginia
                                                      20109, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
54                Zebra               G5G7HJNJRJN9   310 Haley Meadows
                                                      Drive, Moncure,
                                                      North Carolina
                                                      27559, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------
55                Mercedes Cab        NAFMPMUZNN73   182 Queen Anne
                   Company Inc                        Road, Harwich,
                                                      Massachusetts
                                                      02645, United
                                                      States of America
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Question. Has ICE conducted any studies to evaluate the feasibility 
of building new facilities in specific communities, or conducted any 
environmental impact studies regarding the impact of utilizing existing 
detention facilities or prisons to detain more individuals as described 
in the Emergency Detention Related Services sourcing vehicle? If so, 
please provide the results of the studies, including any environmental 
impact assessments.
    Answer. To date, ICE has not completed any feasibility or 
environmental studies related to building additional detention 
facilities, though there are locations where ICE may benefit from such 
an approach. Generally, the demand for increased detention capacity 
dictates a response that does not allow for a multi-year site 
acquisition and construction effort. ICE continues to work to expand 
detention bedspace across the country through various acquisition 
methods, primarily by establishing contracts with private entities and 
entering into Intergovernmental Service Agreements and 
Intergovernmental Agreements. ICE is targeting areas with insufficient 
detention capacity as it identifies locations for additional detention 
beds.
    Question. Based on the responses to the Emergency Detention Related 
Services sourcing vehicle, how many new IGSAs, or direct contracts with 
private companies, is ICE considering? Please provide a list of new 
contracts under consideration, in what region, and the number of beds 
associated with each new contract.
    Answer. ICE is working with the Department of Defense to establish 
several immigration staging and detention locations on Department of 
Defense installations. See locations in #3 above.
    Question. If ICE is seeking to enter any new IGSA's, will ICE 
follow all procurement laws and transparency and accountability 
requirements under the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR), which 
otherwise would apply to a direct contract with a private company?
    Answer. ICE will continue to follow all applicable laws, statues, 
and regulations pertaining to the solicitation and award of contracts. 
Intergovernmental Service Agreements are agreements and not contracts 
subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulations. Intergovernmental 
Service Agreements will be issued pursuant to 8 United States Code 
Sec. 1103(a)(l l)(A), which allows ICE to enter into Intergovernmental 
Service Agreements with a State (or political subdivision of a State) 
to house immigration detainees.

                          SUBCOMMITTEE RECESS

    Senator Britt. Thank you for the work that you're doing, 
and this committee hearing is adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 11:48 a.m., Thursday, Wednesday, May 8, the 
subcommittee was recessed, to reconvene at a time subject to 
the call of the Chair.]

       LIST OF WITNESSES, COMMUNICATIONS, AND PREPARED STATEMENTS

                              ----------                              
                                                                   Page

Britt, Senator Katie, U.S. Senator from Alabama, Opening 
  Statement of...................................................
  1..............................................................

Collins, Senator Susan M., U.S. Senator from Maine, Questions 
  Submitted by...................................................
  48.............................................................

Hyde-Smith, Senator Cindy, U.S. Senator from Mississippi, 
  Questions Submitted by.........................................
  48.............................................................

Murkowski, Senator Lisa, U.S. Senator from Alaska, Questions 
  Submitted by...................................................
  46.............................................................
Murray, Senator Patty, U.S. Senator from Washington, Questions 
  Submitted by...................................................
  58.............................................................
Murphy, Christopher, U.S. Senator from Connecticut:
    Statement of.................................................
      3..........................................................
    Questions Submitted by.......................................
      51.........................................................

Noem, Hon. Kristi, Secretary, Department of Homeland Security:
    Prepared Statement of........................................
      8..........................................................
    Questions Submitted to.......................................
      46.........................................................
    Statement of.................................................
      1..........................................................
    Summary Statement of.........................................
      6..........................................................

Peters, Senator Gary, U.S. Senator from Michigan, Questions 
  Submitted by...................................................
  60.............................................................

Van Hollen, Senator Chris, U.S. Senator from Maryland Questions 
  Submitted by...................................................
  62.............................................................

                             SUBJECT INDEX

                              ----------                              

                    DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

                                                                   Page

Additional Committee Questions...................................
  45.............................................................
Baltimore Holding Rooms..........................................
  63.............................................................
Benefits for Coast Guard.........................................
  40.............................................................
Border Wall......................................................
  17.............................................................
Case of Kilmar Abrego Garcia.....................................
  62.............................................................
Center for Domestic Preparedness.................................
  45.............................................................
Cisa's Mission...................................................
  38.............................................................
Complying with Supreme Court Decision on Abrego Garcia...........
  15.............................................................
Commitment to Border Security....................................
  16.............................................................
Concerns About Fema and Disaster Relief..........................
  20.............................................................
Cybersecurity and Combatting Cyber Crime.........................
  10.............................................................
Decrease in Border Crossings.....................................
  21.............................................................
Deportations of Legal Residents..................................
  14.............................................................
DHS Actions to Comply With Supreme Court Orders..................
  27.............................................................
Drug Trafficking in Maine........................................
  12.............................................................
Emergency Management and Disaster Response.......................
  11.............................................................
Federal Judiciary................................................
  36.............................................................
Firefighter Grants...............................................
  41.............................................................
Freeze of Grant Funds............................................
  19.............................................................
H-2A AND H-2B Visas..............................................
  13.............................................................
Ice:
    Detention....................................................
      64.........................................................
    Prioritization of Enforcement................................
      63.........................................................
Immigration at the Northern Border...............................
  23.............................................................
Improvements to Coast Guard Facilities...........................
  24.............................................................
Increases to Coast Guard's Topline...............................
  39.............................................................
Invasion of the United States....................................
  43.............................................................
Justice Next Gen Program.........................................
  26.............................................................
National:
    Domestic Preparedness Consortium.............................
      49.........................................................
    Fire Academy, The............................................
      63.........................................................
Non-Intrusive Drug Inspection....................................
  22.............................................................
Northern Border Mission Center...................................
  37.............................................................
Olympics & Paralympics...........................................
  50.............................................................
Overspending of Allocated Funds..................................
  20.............................................................
Reductions to FEMA Funding.......................................
  25.............................................................
Resources Needed for Border Security.............................
  43.............................................................
Senator:
    Hagerty's Remarks on the Border..............................
      42.........................................................
    Kennedy's Remarks on Illegal Immigration.....................
      35.........................................................
Spending Money Under SSP.........................................
  44.............................................................
Staffing Shortages in Ice-Partnered Prisons......................
  24.............................................................
Trade Enforcement................................................
  9..............................................................
Transportation Security Administration...........................
  10.............................................................
U.S. Coast Guard.................................................
  11.............................................................
U.S. El Salvador Deportee Detention Agreement....................
  62.............................................................
U.S. Secret Service..............................................
  10.............................................................
Work Authorizations for Immigrants...............................
  40.............................................................

                                  [all]