[Senate Hearing 119-11]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                                                         S. Hrg. 119-11


                    NOMINATION OF ERIC SCOTT TURNER

=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                              COMMITTEE ON
                   BANKING,HOUSING,AND URBAN AFFAIRS
                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                                   ON

                             NOMINATION OF:

   ERIC SCOTT TURNER, OF TEXAS, TO BE SECRETARY, DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING 
                       AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT


                               __________

                            JANUARY 16, 2025

                               __________

  Printed for the use of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs


[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


                           Available at:  https://www.govinfo.gov/

                               __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
58-913 PDF                  WASHINGTON : 2025                  
          
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            COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS

                  TIM SCOTT, South Carolina, Chairman

            ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts, Ranking Member

MIKE CRAPO, Idaho                    JACK REED, Rhode Island
MIKE ROUNDS, South Dakota            MARK R. WARNER, Virginia
THOM TILLIS, North Carolina          CHRIS VAN HOLLEN, Maryland
JOHN KENNEDY, Louisiana              CATHERINE CORTEZ MASTO, Nevada
BILL HAGERTY, Tennessee              TINA SMITH, Minnesota
CYNTHIA M. LUMMIS, Wyoming           RAPHAEL G. WARNOCK, Georgia
KATIE BOYD BRITT, Alabama            ANDY KIM, New Jersey
PETE RICKETTS, Nebraska              RUBEN GALLEGO, Arizona
JIM BANKS, Indiana                   LISA BLUNT ROCHESTER, Delaware
KEVIN CRAMER, North Dakota           ANGELA D. ALSOBROOKS, Maryland
BERNIE MORENO, Ohio
DAVID MCCORMICK, Pennsylvania

                    Lila Nieves-Lee, Staff Director

                 Jon Donenberg, Minority Staff Director

                      Cameron Ricker, Chief Clerk

                      Shelvin Simmons, IT Director

                       Pat Lally, Assistant Clerk

                    Sheryl L. Arrington, GPO Detail

                      Jason T. Parker, GPO Detail



                                  (ii)

                            C O N T E N T S

                              ----------                              

                       THURSDAY, JANUARY 16, 2025

                                                                   Page

Opening statement of Chairman Scott..............................     1
        Prepared statement.......................................    50

Opening statements, comments, or prepared statements of:
    Ranking Member Warren........................................     5
        Prepared statement.......................................    51
    John Cornyn, U.S. Senator from the State of Texas............     2

                                NOMINEE

Eric Scott Turner, of Texas, to be Secretary, Department of 
  Housing and Urban Development..................................     7
    Prepared statement...........................................    52
    Biographical sketch of nominee...............................    54
    Responses to written questions of:
        Senator Britt............................................    64
        Senator Cramer...........................................    67
        Senator Warren...........................................    68
        Senator Reed.............................................    87
        Senator Warnock..........................................    92
        Senator Cortez Masto.....................................   100
        Senator Blunt Rochester..................................   106
        Senator Alsobrooks.......................................   113



                                 (iii)

 
                    NOMINATION OF ERIC SCOTT TURNER

                              ----------                              


                       THURSDAY, JANUARY 16, 2025

                                       U.S. Senate,
          Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., via 
Webex and in room 538, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Tim 
Scott, Chairman of the Committee, presiding.

    Present: Senators Scott, Warren, Crapo, Rounds, Tillis, 
Kennedy, Hagerty, Lummis, Britt, Ricketts, Banks, Cramer, 
Moreno, McCormick, Reed, Warner, Van Hollen, Cortez Masto, 
Smith, Warnock, Kim, Gallego, Blunt Rochester, and Alsobrooks.

            OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN TIM SCOTT

    Chairman Scott. I call this Committee to order.
    First, I'd like to take the time to say I'm very grateful 
to my Republican colleagues for allowing me to serve as the 
Chairman for this 119th Congress.
    I'd also like to welcome our new Members to the United 
States Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.
    Let me suggest that this is not simply the Banking 
Committee. Without any question, urban affairs and housing are 
critical to meeting the needs and the objectives of the 
American people.
    Our new Members include Senator Pete Ricketts, Senator Jim 
Banks, Senator Bernie Moreno, Senator Dave McCormick, Senator 
Andy Kim, Senator Gallego, Senator Lisa Blunt Rochester, and 
Senator Angela Alsobrooks.
    And I look forward to working with our Ranking Member, 
Elizabeth Warren, on addressing some of the issues that our 
Nation will face, without any question. My hope is that in many 
ways we'll have an opportunity to have a bipartisan 
conversation looking for bipartisan solutions to many of the 
issues. That will probably not likely be the case all the time, 
but it can be the case some of the times, and when it is, we 
should look for ways to achieve that objective for the American 
people.
    At this time, I would like to ask unanimous consent to 
enter into the record four letters from 25 organizations that 
have been submitted to support Mr. Turner's nomination. Without 
objection, so ordered.
    We are honored today as well to have our colleague from 
Texas, Senator John Cornyn, who will introduce Mr. Turner.
    Senator Cornyn, the floor is yours.

 STATEMENT OF JOHN CORNYN, U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF TEXAS

    Senator Cornyn. Well, thank you. Mr. Chairman and Ranking 
Member Warren, and Members of the Committee, it's a pleasure to 
be here today to introduce my friend and fellow Texan, Scott 
Turner, to be the next Secretary of the U.S. Housing Department 
of Housing and Urban Development. And thank you for allowing me 
the honor of just saying a few words.
    Scott is a fourth-generation Texan. That's a big deal in 
Texas. People brag about how many generations they've lived 
there.
    And he's from Richardson, Texas, which is, for those of you 
who are not acquainted with the Texas geography I know Senator 
Warren is it's in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, one of the 
fastest-growing parts of the country.
    If any of you here in this room are NFL fans, Mr. Chairman, 
for example, you may remember that Scott played in the NFL for 
9 years for the Washington Redskins, now known as the 
Washington Commanders, which, by the way, are doing pretty well 
these days; the San Diego Chargers, and the Denver Broncos. 
Unfortunately, Mr. Chairman, he didn't play for the Dallas 
Cowboys. I know that's a source of disappointment to you
    Chairman Scott. And it is, indeed, a source of 
disappointment, you are correct.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Cornyn. But Scott is much more than an outstanding 
football player. He's an accomplished leader and dedicated 
public servant. He was elected to the State House in Texas in 
2012 and he went on to serve at the White House under President 
Trump as Executive Director of the Opportunity and 
Revitalization Council.
    The Council was established by President Trump in 2018 to 
carry out the implementation of the Bipartisan Opportunity 
Zones, which were passed as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 
to promote investment in areas that need revitalization. Lest 
we forget, the Committee Chairman, the other Scott in the room, 
was a driving force behind the Opportunity Zones portion of the 
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
    This was a perfect position for Scott Turner, who was an 
accomplished businessman. He has served in the C suite in 
advisory roles in multiple positions and he and his wife own 
their own company, Statesman Clothiers.
    He's also an active member in his community. Scott founded 
a nonprofit called the Community Engagement and Opportunity 
Council to support impoverished children.
    He served as a coach for the NFL's Legends Community 
Transition Program, which helps players move into more 
meaningful employment when they leave professional sports. And 
I'm looking at Senator Britt, who happens to be married to 
somebody who did exactly that. And he also served as an 
Associate Pastor at Prestonwood Baptist Church in Plano, Texas.
    Scott currently serves as Chair of the Center for Education 
Opportunity for the America First Policy Institute.
    His business acumen, his experience in Government, 
especially with the first Trump administration, and his 
demonstrated ability to use housing and development to create 
brighter prospects for his fellow Americans makes him eminently 
qualified to lead the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development. I have no doubt about his ability to do an 
outstanding job there. So, it is my honor to support his 
nomination.
    Thank you again, Mr. Chairman and Ranking Member Warren, 
for the privilege of introducing my friend Scott Turner, and I 
hope you will vote his nomination out of the Committee 
promptly, so we can get him confirmed and put him to work.
    Thank you so much.
    Chairman Scott. Thanks, Senator Cornyn.
    Next, I'll have my opening statement. Then, we'll hear from 
the Ranking Member, and then I'll swear you in, Scott.
    Chairman Scott. The American people have seen their 
economic fortunes turn to dust. The devastation of the Biden 
administration's policies led to mortgage rates going from 2.65 
percent in January 2021 to 7.79 percent by October 2023 
crushing dreams of millions of Americans wanting to be 
homeowners, draining savings of so many people, devastating 
hope around the greatest country on the planet.
    Reckless spending was literally stealing the spending power 
of so many Americans. I remember these similar days when I was 
growing up as a poor kid in a single parent household. Home 
ownership was just so far away for me and my mom. It just 
wasn't an option.
    Housing isn't just about shelter. Housing is about 
opportunity and it is about stability. Housing creates the 
foundation for achieving the American Dream. It's about 
creating strong communities where families can thrive and build 
a better, brighter future.
    Under the Biden administration and progressive leadership, 
HUD's spending at the same time soared to record levels. And 
yet, the latest homelessness survey found an 18 percent 
increase in just the last 12 months; 33 percent increase since 
2020.
    Since President Biden took office, mortgage rates have 
ballooned by 150 percent and rents by 20 percent. Despite all 
the subsidies and all the trillions of dollars they spent, not 
much good has happened.
    I've said it before and I'll say it again, if you look at 
the big picture African American home ownership, the levels 
have not changed substantially since 1968, when the Fair 
Housing Act was passed. The data is clear; the American dream 
of home ownership is slipping further and further away.
    But today, it is a new day in America, and new leadership 
brings hope and opportunity and enthusiasm back to the American 
people.
    Scott Turner is a native Texan who has had an exceptional 
journey from professional athlete to public servant. He 
understands firsthand the importance of hard work and what it 
means, as he was a dishwasher when he was in high school. He 
also understands the challenges that families face because of 
drug addiction within the family.
    He worked his butt off and had a very successful NFL 
career. He played cornerback for nine seasons. He played for 
the Denver Broncos, the San Diego Chargers it's going to be 
OK--and the Washington Redskins.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. You know, for a guy who now spends too much 
time in Washington, DC, I always thought DC meant Dallas 
Cowboys. I apologize, I apologize.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. I know that's going to cause a lot of bad 
emails coming my way.
    But, Mr. Turner, I will not hold that against you, that you 
played for the Redskins, because I know you're here to serve 
the American people. And sometimes two different sides have to 
come together to make something positive and powerful happen 
for other people.
    One thing I have found to be completely clear about who you 
are and I met you many years ago you never give up. I don't 
think giving up is in your vocabulary. And we need a visionary 
leader just like that at HUD.
    After hanging up your cleats, Mr. Turner, you spent two 
terms in the State Legislature in Texas.
    You recently were the Executive Director, as Senator Cornyn 
said, of the White House Opportunity and Revitalization Council 
under President Trump. In this role, you helped the Opportunity 
Zones that I wrote become a very successful program with over 
$50 billion in private investment going into Opportunity Zones; 
devastated communities, typically majority minority, seeing 
revitalization and rehabilitation become a reality without 
gentrifying those communities.
    As the former Chairman of the County Council in Charleston, 
South Carolina, I can tell you that the vast majority the vast 
majority of housing issues must be solved at the local level, 
but there are things that we can do here in Congress to address 
the affordability crisis and that role is getting Government 
out of the way as often as possible.
    This is why I introduced my ROAD to Housing Act in 
Congress. And I am so thankful for so many supporters in this 
room of that bill.
    I've seen firsthand the negative impact of renting your 
house, only to give it back, and that is, in a few short words, 
the 2008 crisis.
    Let's not relive the mistakes of the past, but, instead, 
forge a new path for everyday Americans. This commonsense bill 
takes a comprehensive view of Federal housing policy and it 
recenters support around families, helping those who are 
homeless, those who are renting, and those who will be 
homeowners.
    I look forward to marking up this bill in the weeks ahead 
and working with my colleagues on a bipartisan framework, so 
that we can make sure that all segments of the housing market 
get the necessary attention to move forward.
    As we start this new chapter, we need new leadership. Scott 
Turner is the solution we are looking for, and I look forward 
to his leadership at the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development.
    Senator Warren, the floor is yours.

      OPENING STATEMENT OF RANKING MEMBER ELIZABETH WARREN

    Senator Warren. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman.
    So, today is our first time to come together as Committee 
Chairman and Ranking Member. And I want to offer my 
congratulations to you, Mr. Chairman. While I don't want to 
paper over our differences, I want to assure you and every 
Member who is here that I will work with you to advance our 
shared interests.
    I also want to say welcome to eight new Members on this 
Committee.
    Have you checked, is that a record?
    Chairman Scott. It should be.
    Senator Warren. It should be. It should be.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. I don't know if it is, but it should be.
    Senator Warren. I think this is exciting. You know, we can 
find common ground. As Ranking Member, my focus will be the 
same as that of all Democrats. We will work to unrig the 
economy and make life affordable for working families.
    There are three critical areas where I think we should 
focus.
    First, we need to make sure that the financial system works 
for all Americans: preventing too-big-to-fail banks from 
loading on risk and getting bigger, protecting community banks, 
and making our financial regulations simpler and stronger.
    I support action here, but not all action is good action. I 
will fight tooth and nail against attempts to make it easier 
for Wall Street to rip off consumers or to crash our economic 
system.
    We all remember what happened under the first Trump 
administration. Congress and the President weakened the 
financial rules on big banks. The Nation's financial regulators 
took the hint and went to sleep. Executives got greedy and, no 
surprise, a few years later in 2023, we had the second, third, 
and fourth largest bank failures in our Nation's history. Those 
mistakes cannot be repeated.
    Second, we must advance the Nation's economic and national 
security. We must use export controls, trade policies, 
sanctions, and other levers to support economic security at 
home and to promote our values abroad. We must protect our 
financial system from being exploited by criminals, rogue 
States, and terrorists, and we must grow American industry, 
invest in critical infrastructure, and build resilient supply 
chains here at home.
    And third, we must focus on lowering costs for working 
families. The Committee must hold giant corporations 
accountable when they gouge families. We should partner with 
the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and other law 
enforcement agencies to continue the fight against junk fees 
and anticompetitive pricing.
    We must also work to fix our housing system. All across 
this country, housing costs too much. This is Econ 101, supply 
and demand. We are not building enough housing. We need more 
housing everywhere for everyone big cities, small towns, first-
time homebuyers, renters, seniors, veterans, students, people 
with disabilities, everyone everywhere.
    To do that, we need to make some big changes and really 
move the needle. The Federal Government needs to be a good 
partner, investing in affordable housing and spurring local 
innovation to cut red tape.
    And we can and should do even more. It is time to crack 
down on corporate landlords that engage in illegal price-fixing 
to drive up rents. It's time to stop private equity firms from 
squeezing families and buying huge swaths of our housing 
market, which they then turn around and turn into overpriced 
rentals.
    Solving the housing crisis will be an all-hands-on-deck 
effort, and that brings us to today's hearing on the nomination 
of Scott Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban 
Development.
    Welcome, Mr. Turner. It's good to have you here. 
Congratulations on your nomination. If you are confirmed, you 
will lead our Nation's response to the housing crisis. Now, 
I've appreciated our conversations so far, and if you are 
confirmed, I will work with you however I can.
    But we face an enormous task to reduce the cost of housing. 
Our work is urgently important for tens of millions of American 
families.
    You have a limited public record and the American people 
need a chance to hear from you and to hear the details about 
how you are going to help make housing more affordable. They 
need to hear your plans for building the millions of homes that 
America needs. They need to hear how you will support renters 
and make sure that seniors and families that can't afford rent 
will get the assistance that they need. They need to hear your 
plans to help the 800,000 Americans experiencing homelessness. 
They need to hear your plans to enforce the Nation's fair 
housing laws, and they need to hear how you will crack down on 
greedy corporate landlords and manage an agency that provides 
critical support for homeowners, renters, and communities all 
across this country.
    This hearing is an opportunity for you to lay out your 
plans. I also sent you a 13-page letter, 75 questions, earlier 
this week. As you know, I take this seriously and I trust that 
you will give me answers to those detailed questions before we 
vote on your nomination.
    General principles are not enough. We're all in the same 
place on general principles. It's going to be the nuts and 
bolts and telling the American people how we're really going to 
make change happen.
    Mr. Turner, I'm looking forward to your testimony today and 
I hope you will give the American people a clear sense of your 
plans to run HUD.
    Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. I will now swear in the nominee.
    Mr. Turner, will you please rise and raise your right hand?
    Do you swear or affirm that the testimony that you are 
about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but 
the truth, so help you God?
    Mr. Turner. I do.
    Chairman Scott. Do you agree to appear and testify before 
any duly constituted Committee of the Senate?
    Mr. Turner. I do.
    Chairman Scott. You may sit down.
    Your written statement will be made a part of the record in 
its entirety.
    Mr. Turner, please proceed.

  STATEMENT OF ERIC SCOTT TURNER, OF TEXAS, TO BE SECRETARY, 
          DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT

    Mr. Turner. Well, thank you, Mr. Chairman and Ranking 
Member Warren, and the Committee. I'm so happy and honored to 
be here with you all today.
    I thank all the Members of the Committee. Thank you for 
your thoughtfulness. Thank you for your engagement and for your 
ideas on rebuilding the American dream for our Nation's 
forgotten communities. It was a pleasure to visit with each and 
every one of you, all but one, and that was just because of a 
scheduling conflict. I'm so grateful to have that time to meet 
with you. Thank you for making that effort. And I hope that our 
conversations will not be the end, but only the beginning of a 
great and true partnership to meet the mission of HUD and serve 
the American people.
    I would also like to take a moment to thank my wife Robin, 
who is here with us, for her unwavering support over nearly 
three decades of us being together. From college at the 
University of Illinois to the NFL, to the Texas House, the 
White House, business, ministry, and our family foundation, 
Robin has been a true partner in building God's Kingdom and 
doing the work He's called us to do together.
    So, Robin, I thank you for your support, and all the 
friends and family that are here.
    I also want to thank President Trump for his confidence and 
his support in nominating me for this, such a crucial position, 
and even more so, purpose. So, I want to thank President-elect 
Trump.
    I sit before you today as the nominee to lead the 
Department of Housing and Urban Development, but deep down, 
Committee Members, this opportunity is also personal to me. I 
grew up as a kid, as it was mentioned before, in Richardson, 
Texas, and before that, in Plano, Texas, with my parents. I 
worked as a dishwasher at Spring Creek Barbeque, which is one 
of my claims to fame.
    Early on in my childhood, my family was broken due to 
divorce, and later, moving into a blended family. I love my 
mother; I love my father, and all of my brothers and sisters. 
But when you go through a divorce, many would say the odds are 
now stacked against you.
    I've overcame extreme adversity, going against the status 
quo in attending and graduating college. In spite of being 
drafted in the seventh round of the NFL which is the last 
round, for those that don't know--I was blessed to go on to 
have a successful career in the National Football League.
    I went on to serve in the Texas Legislature, which was a 
great honor for me, and work in the White House to advance the 
Opportunity Zone Initiative.
    And I sit before you today, Committee Members, humbled by 
the call to serve my country as a member of President Trump's 
Cabinet. And I know my upbringing and my background is not 
totally unique to me. There are many in this country, even 
those that sit in this room today, who at one point or another 
have had to overcome adversity in your own lives. We've all 
been there at one time or another, and I recognize this, and I 
hope that we all can work together, as you, Ranking Member 
Warren, have said, to work together to better the American 
dream for the American people.
    And I share my story because I think it's important for you 
to know my heart of who I am, and also, because the challenges 
that HUD faces are vital to our Nation, as well as personal to 
me. These are not just things that I heard about or read about. 
These are things that my family and I have experienced through 
the years, and I believe that that perspective will be very 
beneficial to HUD, as I become the leader, if confirmed by this 
Committee.
    HUD's mission is to create strong and sustainable 
communities and support quality affordable housing, serving the 
most vulnerable of our Nation. Yet, as we sit here, we have a 
housing crisis in our country. We have the American people and 
families that are struggling every day. We have a homelessness 
crisis in our country. HUD, if you will, is failing at its most 
basic mission and that has to come to an end.
    The Point-in-Time report that was sent out by HUD on 
December the 27th said there was 770,000 Americans homeless on 
one night in January of 2024 770,000-plus people, many of which 
are families who are homeless. This cannot continue.
    As a country, we are not building enough housing. We need 
millions of homes, all kinds of homes. Multifamily, single 
family, duplex, condo, manufactured housing, you name it, we 
need housing in our country for individuals and families to 
have a roof over their head and to call home.
    Then, the HUD workforce, the reports that I've read, 
Committee, says that HUD is at the bottom when it comes to 
employees returning to work. I've been on many teams in my 
career and I believe that we need to bring HUD's staff back to 
work, back to the office, to do the job and empower them to 
serve the American people.
    In this moment, we're not just talking about fixing what's 
broken, but about continuing and expanding the policies from 
the first Trump administration. I'm talking about policies that 
worked for the American people.
    I was fortunate enough, as you said, Chairman, to lead the 
Opportunity Zone Initiative, which I'm so grateful for your 
leadership on that, and I saw firsthand the impact of this 
initiative as it gave Americans living in underserved 
communities an opportunity, a foundation, to start businesses, 
to live in better homes, to be self-sustaining, to be self-
confident, and to unleash that promise and potential that the 
Lord has given each of us in our country.
    When I played in the NFL, we used to have game film. We 
watched film after every game. You could tell your coach one 
thing on the sideline, but when you turned on the film, it told 
the story. It wasn't about the chatter. It wasn't about the 
noise. It was what? About what the film said. The film showed 
us our weaknesses. It showed us our mistakes, and then, it 
helped us to get better.
    This is the same type of leadership, if confirmed by this 
distinguished Committee, that I want to bring as the leader of 
HUD. Because every day we will have an opportunity to get 
better. Every day we will have an opportunity to take inventory 
and make HUD the best place.
    So, Mr. Chairman, my heart is ready. I'm ready. I thank God 
for this opportunity and thank you and the Committee Members 
for this chance.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you very much for your testimony, Mr. 
Turner.
    I'll just remind our new Members, or tell our new Members 
and remind those of us who have been on this Committee for a 
little while, we do have a 5-minute clock, and I'm going to 
hold us pretty tightly to that 5-minute clock, including 
myself. That's my goal.
    And so, let's get started right now. Thank you very much.
    Mr. Turner, one of the things I hope that you will realize 
is that this is a bipartisan Committee. We represent different 
communities around the country. And I think Government should 
never serve the party that is in power. Government should serve 
all Americans, no matter whether we vote for you or not. Your 
job is to stay out of the political lane and serve the American 
people.
    So, for me, one of the most effective ways to serve people 
is to go where they are, not ask them to come into the bubble 
of this building. But we have to get out of our offices, so to 
speak, and go into the community.
    So, one of my questions for you and frankly, my first 
question for you is, will you commit to visiting communities as 
diverse as North Charleston and as different as Detroit in your 
first several months on the job? I think you need to see 
firsthand that--Mr. Tillis has music he wants to play.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. Play that funky music.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. Anyways, I won't finish that.
    Anyways, I'll just say this, that I hope that you will go 
to Detroit, Michigan, and see the devastation and the sense of 
hopelessness that can be turned very quickly into hope. I want 
you to come to my hometown of North Charleston and take a tour 
of some of the impoverished areas and look at mixed development 
and remind people that we care about everybody.
    What do you say?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, I'm in agreement. I remember when I 
was appointed to do the Opportunity Zone job as the Executive 
Director, after I thanked the President for the appointment, I 
said, Mr. President, I'm not going to be here because I'm going 
to the streets where the people are. I went to over 70 cities 
in our country, visiting places like Tamaqua, Pennsylvania; 
visiting places like Birmingham, Alabama; Dallas, Texas; 
Liberty City in Miami.
    And so, yes, sir, that is a commitment from you, from me to 
you and this Committee, that I will go to the people of 
America, visit the neighborhoods, visit the leaders, the 
servant-leaders, in our country to see, you know, what is the 
problem that you are having and how can we work together to 
come up with sustainable solutions?
    Chairman Scott. Thank you.
    Mr. Turner. And I think that's very important.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you. One of the challenges I think 
that we have is meeting the housing needs of our citizens, 
frankly, as I think Elizabeth and I both agree, is over 7 
million needed units.
    I think a part of my ROAD to Housing Act suggests that the 
definition that we use for manufacturing needs to be updated. 
If we're going to meet the needs of the average person, I think 
improving the definition of manufactured home in the HUD Code 
to remove the permanent chassis requirement is incredibly 
important.
    Do you support updating the HUD Code to change the 
definition in manufacturing homes?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And I know how 
important manufactured homes are when it comes to housing 
availability and housing affordability. And so, to look at 
those codes and all the codes at HUD and take inventory in how 
we can reduce the burden and make it less cumbersome to build 
these houses, including manufactured housing, is a commitment I 
do give to you, sir.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you. You know, I said during my 
opening statement that the homelessness has increased by 30 
percent since 2020.
    Mr. Turner. Yeah.
    Chairman Scott. Devastating. Do you have specific thoughts, 
in 30 seconds or so, on how you would address the homelessness 
issue and start bringing it down some?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. So, homelessness, I think that we 
need to engage local communities, local communities and 
organizations, faith-based organizations, institutions that 
have real results as it comes to combating homelessness. I 
think the Federal Government can be a great partner, but we do 
need to engage those that are on the local level that have 
great results as it pertains to homelessness and work with 
them.
    Chairman Scott. I think the fifty laboratories of democracy 
gives us an opportunity to see what's working and what's not 
working, and we should direct our attention toward those issues 
that are working.
    I had an opportunity to meet with some of my Democrat 
mayors in South Carolina, and one of the things that they were 
celebrating was the success of Opportunity Zones for the first 
time bringing affordable housing back into their communities.
    And I've seen that in South Carolina. I've heard it in 
Maryland and I've heard it across our country, that this is one 
of the programs where my favorite mayors around the country, 
many of whom are Democrats, celebrate Opportunity Zones. And my 
favorite Governors around the country are oftentimes 
Republicans who celebrate Opportunity Zones.
    Mr. Turner. Right.
    Chairman Scott. And I'm not suggesting that we should 
celebrate Opportunity Zones, but I'm glad that they do.
    Can you speak to the benefit of Opportunity Zones 
alleviating poverty and creating opportunities for everyday 
Americans?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Chairman Scott. In about 20 seconds.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Turner. Yes, I'll do my very best. Opportunity Zones 
were very impactful. And if you look at the reports that we did 
while running the Opportunity Zone Council, you'll see a 
million people were lifted out of poverty. Housing went up for 
minority families. Salaries went up for minority families.
    And so, to give people an opportunity to invest in places 
that had not seen investment in many decades is great for our 
Nation as it pertains to housing, affordable housing, and 
operating businesses.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you very much.
    Senator Warren.
    Senator Warren. Sure. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    So, Mr. Turner, I want to ask you about why housing costs 
are so high. You recently said there is ``an ever-growing need 
for high-quality, affordable housing in our Nation.'' Experts 
have said, as the Chairman said, we need about 7 million new 
housing units in America.
    Now, there are a lot of explanations for our housing 
shortage. Local zoning and land use restrictions can make it 
harder to build homes. The cost of capital, which has been made 
worse by the Fed's decision to keep interest rates high, makes 
it even more difficult both to build and to buy housing.
    And there are places where the Federal Government can help. 
Take the HOME program. HUD gives grants to States and 
localities to help build and preserve affordable housing, and 
it works. In its history, HOME has supported the development of 
more than a million affordable units nationwide, including more 
than 100,000 homes in your home State of Texas.
    Mr. Turner, in 2023, you said that, ``It is more expensive 
than ever to build and developers need access to more 
capital.''
    Do you support additional Federal investment in programs, 
so that we can lower the cost of building affordable housing?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Warren. I appreciate our 
visit together and thank you for your time in this.
    As you said, there are many factors to why housing is so 
expensive now. And I believe, first, we have to get our fiscal 
house in order in our country. Interest rates are at an all-
time high. Inflation is at an all-time high.
    Senator Warren. Fair enough, Mr. Turner.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am.
    Senator Warren. But I'd just like to focus because it is a 
big problem.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am.
    Senator Warren. And I'm sorry to interrupt, but----
    Mr. Turner. Sure.
    Senator Warren. ----the Chairman is going to be tough on 
time.
    And that is, I just want to make sure I understand. Do you 
support additional Federal investment in programs, so that we 
can lower the cost of building affordable housing?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Warren.
    What I do support is maximizing the budget that we do have 
and making sure that the money----
    Senator Warren. So, is that a no to additional investments?
    Mr. Turner. It's a yes to maximizing the investment that we 
have and making sure that the programs that we do have are 
meeting the intended need and serving those that are intended 
to serve.
    Senator Warren. Well, I have to say that gives me real 
pause. You know, we just established that we have a terrible 
gap of affordable housing and we have a program here that has 
helped close that gap. State and local governments, I 
understand, bless them, they're doing what they can, but they 
don't have enough money to match the scale of the problem 
nationwide.
    And what I'm looking for is a commitment that we're at 
least going to look, try to get some more help to the State and 
local communities that are trying to build affordable housing.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. Thank you.
    And I do look forward to looking at the HOME program and 
other programs, but my point, there's record funding from HUD. 
HUD's budget is nearly $70 billion at this point and we're 
still not meeting the need that we're supposed to be meeting.
    Senator Warren. Which might mean that we need more money 
there.
    Mr. Turner. And so, I think we need to take inventory----
    Senator Warren. Let me----
    Mr. Turner. ----and maximize the budget.
    Senator Warren. ----if I can, turn to another topic.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am.
    Senator Warren. You know, unfortunately, there are some 
people who are trying to take advantage of our housing shortage 
instead of trying to fix it. Private equity firms and corporate 
landlords have moved into local housing markets and they have 
driven up costs even higher for families.
    In 2011, no single investor anywhere in America owned more 
than a thousand single family homes. By 2022, just five 
investors, collectively, owned nearly 300,000 homes. In fact, 
in your home State of Texas, in 2021, big investors moved in 
and they bought a whopping 28 percent of all homes that went on 
the market.
    So, Mr. Turner, the Governor of Texas, Greg Abbott, 
recently said, ``Corporate large-scale buying of residential 
homes seems to be distorting the market and making it harder 
for the average Texan to purchase a home.''
    Do you agree that it is a problem if big corporate 
investors are beating out families to try to buy homes?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. And I haven't seen that 
statement from Governor Abbott, but I do look forward to 
looking at this issue, and even working with you and your staff 
on this issue.
    I believe that we do have a housing affordability crisis in 
our country. The more capital we get into the market, the 
better. And obviously, we want the right people, qualified 
people, to invest.
    And the stats that I saw, Senator, said about 2 percent of 
institutional investors own these single family homes.
    And so, if I'm confirmed by this Committee, I look forward 
to digging into this more with you, so that we can look at this 
issue together.
    Senator Warren. Well, I appreciate that. You know, we've 
got to be laser-focused on lowering the cost of housing for 
families.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. Thank you.
    Senator Warren. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Rounds.
    Senator Rounds. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And 
congratulations to both of you in your new positions.
    Mr. Turner, first of all, thanks for the opportunity to 
visit with you in my office. I really appreciated that.
    And I think we have the same focus, which is, when the 
traditional market is available, when interest rates are low, 
and individuals can afford to literally get a mortgage, and 
when the opportunities are available, so that the entryway to 
getting that mortgage is simplified and brought down, more 
people can, through the traditional markets, actually have that 
home ownership.
    And I personally believe that equity that is in that home 
should be with that homeowner and not with the Federal 
Government. So, I really do like the idea of having the 
individual have that home ownership opportunity.
    And I'd just like your thoughts for just a minute. And I 
don't need to push it too far, but isn't it really, isn't that 
really what this is all about, is allowing individuals the 
ability to gain equity in their home and for them to have that 
value, rather than simply paying rent through a Federal 
program? Wouldn't it be much better to have the private sector 
loaning the money and an individual actually getting equity in 
that home?
    Mr. Turner. Senator, thank you. Senator Rounds, it was good 
to meet and visit with you.
    And, you know, for most Americans, their home is the 
largest investment that they have and that's how they begin to 
build generational wealth. I know that was, like, for me and my 
family growing up and even now.
    And so, yes, I believe that having that equity in their 
home should be available to that homeowner because that's how 
most families begin to grow wealth and achieve the American 
dream.
    Senator Rounds. So, I think that's one of the reasons why 
President Trump was elected, was to bring down that cost of 
interest on a home, so that more people can get into that. And 
I think that's a really important part, is that, once you get 
that equity in that home, now you have other opportunities and 
it's a whole lot easier if that individual has that opportunity 
in the first place. And so, I think it's a step in the right 
direction.
    At the same time, we have areas, such as on our Native 
American reservations in South Dakota, where the challenge is 
that it's Tribal trust land.
    Mr. Turner. Right.
    Senator Rounds. You know, we've got about 15 percent of our 
population is Native American. And for them to be able to have 
a home, it means in a rural area that we've got to have access 
to people that understand how you put a mortgage on a home 
which is located on Tribal trust. And I would just ask for your 
commitment to working with us to make that as simple as 
possible in those rural areas.
    Mr. Turner. Absolutely, and I really appreciate your care 
for your constituents, and particularly, those in Tribal lands. 
And I do commit to working with you and, also, visiting, so 
that we can go visit those leaders at the Tribal lands and see 
how we can make it the most efficient and affordable for them 
and their families.
    Senator Rounds. Thank you. And I really appreciate that and 
I'm going to hold you to that.
    Mr. Turner. All right.
    Senator Rounds. I think that would be really good. And if 
you really want to take poverty out, and some of them are rural 
areas, start with providing an opportunity for home ownership 
on our reservations and it will make a huge difference.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Rounds. And in our office we talked about a number 
of items, but one of those items that we talked about was 
trying to cut the red tape and making Federal programs work 
more effectively and efficiently. As a former State legislator, 
you, undoubtedly, understand the challenges and the costs 
associated with excessive Federal overreach. At a time when 
there is a growing demand for additional housing units there's 
no question about that Federal regulations like Davis-Bacon 
environmental review, Build America Buy America, and new energy 
standards are slowing the construction process and increasing 
costs nationwide, including on Tribal lands. Breaking down some 
of this bureaucracy should be a part of the discussion, as we 
try to incentivize housing development.
    My question for you is, under your leadership, will the 
Department make it a priority to review and adjust program 
regulations to match the level of risk, based on the type of 
activity, the location, or the amount of Federal funds 
involved?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. And the goal, if confirmed by this 
Committee, is to look at all the programs at HUD and take an 
account and take inventory, and ask, you know, is this helping 
the mission of HUD or is it not? Is it helping to build more 
affordable housing or is it not? Is it combating the 
homelessness crisis or is it not? And so, yes, sir, I do make 
that commitment.
    Senator Rounds. Thank you. And one last question is, during 
our meeting, we also discussed the challenges with HUD's 
Section 202 program in South Dakota. And I think this will 
eventually be a problem nationwide. And so, the need for 
greater flexibility to adapt to changes in housing markets, 
service industries, and tenant populations, particularly in 
rural communities where we may have to make some modifications 
to existing 202 programs. I would just ask for your commitment 
to work with us to be able to resolve some of these issues 
which are front and center today.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Rounds. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank 
you.
    Chairman Scott. Mr. Warner.
    Senator Warner. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Turner, it's great to see you again. Thank you for our 
meeting.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Warner. I do want to just add quickly to what 
Senator Warren said. You know, in a bipartisan way, we put 
about $5 trillion out under both President Trump and Biden 
under COVID. One area we did nothing for was housing. And while 
I'm all into public-private, I do think there needs to be 
additional resources, if we're going to spur this issue. And I 
appreciate the conversation we had.
    I want to hit quickly two or three items that I hope we can 
work together on.
    As Members of the Committee know, I've been a big advocate 
for Community Development Financial Institutions, CDFIs, that 
serve the underserved community. It was actually where I worked 
very closely with the first Trump administration. Working with 
my friend Mike Crapo and many on the other side, we got $12 
billion for CDFIs. We started the CDFI Caucus, which is, I'm 
proud to say, bipartisan, 24 members, 12 Ds, 12 Rs.
    I appreciated when we had the meeting you talked about a 
CDFI in Dallas that had helped work to acquire a building, 
working with a church, a school building. Can you speak for a 
moment or two about the value of CDFIs and how we can further 
expand the vital role they play?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, and thank you. Senator Warner, it was 
great to visit with you and learn more about CDFIs, how you're 
doing, and your vision on that.
    And we do see the value in that. And I will say that I look 
forward to working with you further in your home State and 
other areas around the country to see how we can utilize these 
CDFIs to help when it comes to housing and investments inside 
our local communities.
    Senator Warner. Well, thank you. I mean, one of the things, 
also, I appreciated in one of your earlier answers as well 
said, you know, we all know home ownership is the path to 
wealth creation in this country. It's one of the reasons we've 
got a 10-to-1 ratio wealth gap Black-to-White, because it's 
fair to have home ownership fully representative across all 
communities.
    And again, a program I've worked on, and got some interest 
from both sides of the aisle, called the LIFT program, that 
would target first-generation, first-time homebuyers, which, by 
definition, ends up being about two-thirds of folks of color. 
That would say, if you qualify for a 30-year mortgage, what we 
would give you would be: you make those payments. You get a 20-
year mortgage. You double the amount of equity that you obtain 
in that first 10 years. That is that wealth creation notion.
    Again, we talked briefly about it, but I'd like to get you 
on the record. This would be something, how we can increase 
home ownership, which is really for disadvantaged communities, 
using the market. I'd love to get you saying some nice things 
about that.
    Mr. Turner. Oh, yes, sir. Thank you.
    And, you know, this program that we talked about briefly in 
your office, I do look to further going into that and learning 
more about it. As you say, you know, we do have a housing 
crisis in our country. And I heard one leader say, you know, 
all ideas need to come to the table and we'll pick the best 
one, you know, that impacts the people that we serve. And so, I 
look forward to getting further----
    Senator Warner. I've got two more I want to get in very 
quickly.
    Mr. Turner. OK.
    Senator Warner. One is, again, another topic we talked 
about in my office. And this is a challenge in every State in 
the country. And Virginia may be a little more on the cutting 
edge, as States look at both the challenges, upside and 
downside, of bringing data centers to their community. Generate 
a lot of revenue. Also, got some challenges.
    I've talked about Henrico County, which is outside of 
Richmond, a 400,000-person community. It crosses the economic 
strata. This community has done something very creative where 
they've taken the tax revenue from the data centers, dedicated 
that to a housing trust fund, where that housing trust fund 
helps acquire the land. And if you build some affordable 
housing there, you get waived a lot of the regulations. You 
don't have to pay your sewer permit fees, your regulatory fees.
    This may be one tool in the toolkit that takes something 
that, otherwise, is a bit controversial. It still has 
controversy, but it might generate toward the kind of public-
private initiative.
    Again, I invited you to my office. I want to invite you to 
Henrico County to visit and take a look at this program, should 
you be confirmed.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, I look forward to coming.
    Senator Warner. OK. Great.
    The last one--and I'm going to get all my points in in less 
than 5 minutes; I'm down to 44 seconds, Tim, and I'm going to 
get it done in time--and that is, you know, Opportunity Zones I 
think had a lot of potential. Again, Senator Scott, I was one 
of his wingmen on this.
    I still think they do need to be renewed, but they need to 
be updated as well. I think Opportunity Zones, particularly in 
terms of affordable housing, ought to be an area where we could 
put more focus, as well as small business development.
    In your last 15 seconds, I know we've talked about 
Opportunity Zones, but I hope you'll work with the Chairman and 
many of us on how we could reform that program and make it more 
targeted toward this housing shortage?
    Mr. Turner. Absolutely. I look forward to that.
    Senator Warner. Thank you, sir.
    Three seconds left.
    Chairman Scott. Everyone should follow your lead on that 
one, Senator Warner.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Tillis.
    Senator Tillis. Mr. Chair, I have muted my phone.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. That was good music, though.
    Senator Tillis. Yes, that was a text from my wife, by the 
way.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Tillis. But, Mr. Turner, thank you for being here. 
I think probably one of your standout games was December 1994 
when you got two interceptions against the Arizona Cardinals. 
Is that right?
    Mr. Turner. I think that was a good game.
    Senator Tillis. Yeah. Well, you'd better be ready to 
intercept a lot of bad ideas in your new role.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Tillis. One bad idea is just throwing money after 
something without trying to figure out how to fix the plumbing 
in HUD.
    Thank you for the time that you spent in the office. I'm 
going to support your confirmation because, in the 30-40 
minutes that we spent in my office--much more than I could do 
in the remaining 4 minutes and 20 seconds--but I say this to--
I've said this to anyone who's come before this Committee in 
your role.
    That trailer park that I grew up in in Nashville still 
stands. Those people are hurting.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Tillis. They don't have affordable housing, and one 
of the reasons they don't is because Government tries to keep 
on regulating themselves out of any path to ownership.
    Mr. Turner. Right.
    Senator Tillis. We keep on talking about throwing more 
money at it and we repeatedly discount the money that we're 
providing because we're rewarding State and local governments 
that are high-tax and low-value.
    So, can I get your commitment to do right by those people 
who are struggling to make ends meet, and want to order an 
affordable home and do the hard work, to do a program/portfolio 
inventory in HUD? Find the ones that are working; continue 
them. Stop the ones that aren't and start ones that give more 
people more opportunities to afford a home, like those people 
that are living in that trailer park today.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, I commit.
    Senator Tillis. Thank you. Now I want to talk about western 
North Carolina. It was, I think, without question, it 
experienced something that's never been experienced in an 
inland storm. You know, people talk about Asheville. There are 
almost two dozen Ashevilles in western North Carolina in an 
area that covers a land mass roughly the size of Massachusetts.
    We have CDBG-R disaster recover funds that have been 
allocated. And quite honestly, Governor Cooper has now 
transitioned from office, but his administration was abysmal in 
remitting funds and getting it out the door. I have complained 
about this for about as long as he was in office for nearly 
three different major storms that have come into North 
Carolina, and we're about to hit the same speed bump in western 
North Carolina and we can't afford to.
    Can I get your commitment to come down to North Carolina 
with me, so that you can see firsthand what we need to do to 
make sure that we help those people?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, and I'll commit to coming. Thank you.
    Senator Tillis. Thank you. Now, with the time that you've 
spent, you made a reference--there are some people on this 
Committee--you made a comment that's very important. We need to 
flood the zone and get more capital in, if we're going to 
address the affordable housing problem.
    Do you think private investment, even private equity 
investment, is a bad thing to get capital into market to fix 
this problem?
    Mr. Turner. You know, Senator, thank you for your question.
    I believe the more capital, the better. And there are 
companies out there that are investing in the market. And 
obviously, they have to be qualified. They have to have a great 
track record. We don't want the wrong people investing.
    Senator Tillis. Do you agree that there should be 
transparency and that we should know what they're doing, and we 
should make sure that being a part of the portfolio is 
producing more value for the people who need affordable 
housing?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, I think transparency and 
accountability is key.
    Senator Tillis. And in the remaining time, tell me why you 
believe your life experience best qualifies you for this role?
    Mr. Turner. Because, as I said in my opening statement, 
Senator, you know, these aren't just things that I've heard 
about. These are things that my family and I have experienced 
through the years.
    I had an uncle who was found homeless and he was a veteran. 
When they found him, my family and I were able to come around 
him, to love him, to take him in, to give him the wraparound 
services that he needed. Not only was he homeless, but he was 
beaten and battered and he had a life-debilitating disease, 
which ultimately took his life. He's with the Lord now. But the 
latter days of his life were the best days of his life. But he 
was homeless. But we were able to come around him and provide 
for him what he needed.
    I've had other members of my family that have been on 
Government assistance, including my wife grew up on Government 
assistance and did very well, and God graced her to go to 
college, graduate with a master's, and has been married to me 
for almost 29 years.
    Senator Tillis. Mr. Turner, I know you said that in your 
opening statement. We talked about it in the meeting. It bears 
repeating.
    Having a life like you, I'm convinced that we can get good 
things done. Thank you for being here.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. I will say that, between Senator Warner and 
Senator Tillis, giving time back was a blessing.
    Senator Van Hollen.
    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    And Scott----
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. Mr. Turner, Mr. Turner, good to see you 
and it was great to sit down with you yesterday. I appreciate 
the opportunity.
    And let me just say that, to me, it shows excellent 
judgment that a man from Texas would come to play for what was 
then the Washington Redskins, now the Washington Commanders.
    And I will point out to my colleagues--and I know Senator 
Cornyn had to leave--but in the last game that we played, the 
Commanders played against the Cowboys.
    Mr. Turner. Mm-hmm.
    Senator Van Hollen. The Commanders won and they're in the 
playoffs. And all of us in Maryland are hoping for a Ravens-
Commanders Super Bowl. All right? That's what we're all rooting 
for.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Van Hollen. OK. So, let me just address some of the 
issues we discussed yesterday.
    And I mentioned in our meeting that Senator Todd Young and 
I have introduced a bipartisan legislation entitled, ``The 
Family Stability and Opportunity Vouchers Act'', which would 
create housing vouchers targeted on families with young kids 
and enable them to move to areas of higher opportunity. There's 
lots of research that shows that that helps break the cycle of 
poverty and create more generational wealth and income.
    The legislation we've introduced is based on a pilot 
program that we launched in legislation that was signed by 
President Trump the last time he was in the Oval Office. And 
the early signs from the pilot program have been so 
encouraging, we went ahead and introduced a full piece of 
legislation. So, I'd like to move forward on that, and just 
ask, if you are confirmed, whether you will work with us to 
advance that legislation?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, Senator, and it was great to visit 
with you. And, yes, I do look forward to working with you.
    Senator Van Hollen. So, let me address another area that we 
talked about, which is the cost of housing. I think all of us 
recognize we have an affordable housing crisis in the United of 
America. You agree with that, right?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. And obviously, some of the inputs to 
housing are the materials. We talked about how you have a 
multifamily housing business. And when I asked you what were 
the primary drivers of increased costs, one of the first things 
you said was the cost of actually building the home and the 
materials, right?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. Right. So, I want to talk to you about 
those inputs, because, obviously, lumber is a huge cost for 
housing. And the previous Trump administration increased the 
tariffs on lumber. The current Biden administration kept them 
on and raised them a little further. I think they're now about 
15 percent.
    Would you agree that it would make housing more 
unaffordable if we further increased tariffs on lumber?
    Mr. Turner. Well, you know, that's the President's job and 
I know he's going to do everything he can to bring costs down, 
the cost of----
    Senator Van Hollen. No, I mean, this is math. I'm just 
asking you--there are lots of factors here--but would you agree 
that, if you increase the tariffs on lumber, which is a major 
input to the cost of housing, that increases the cost of 
housing?
    Mr. Turner. Well, I think there's a lot of increase to the 
cost of housing. I don't want to get into the tariffs 
conversation because, obviously, that is not my job; that's the 
President and your job as Congress.
    But what I want to do is combat anything that raises the 
cost of housing, be it the cost of construction; be it fees; be 
it regulatory burdens. That's what I'm focused on, Senator, to 
bring those things down.
    Senator Van Hollen. Right. No, look, I appreciate that. You 
know, if you're confirmed, you're going to be Secretary of 
Housing and affordable housing will be part of your portfolio, 
a major part of it. And obviously, you'll be at the Cabinet 
meetings, if confirmed.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. And so, I hope you will pass on to the 
President, as he considers these things, the impact that will 
have.
    Look, I support targeted tariffs to protect strategic U.S. 
industries. I mean, that's a very important thing.
    Mr. Turner. Right.
    Senator Van Hollen. But a broad-based set of tariffs across 
all sorts of goods that we're importing, obviously, drives up 
costs to Americans, just like it drives it up for housing.
    And there's another area of housing that includes gypsum. 
By the way, we produce some gypsum in the United States, but we 
also import a lot of gypsum, including through the Port of 
Baltimore.
    That's another area, if President Trump is talking about 
increasing tariffs across the board for Americans by 10 to 20 
percent, won't those tariffs on gypsum and other things also 
raise the cost of housing and make it less affordable?
    Mr. Turner. Senator, I do commit to you to having these 
conversations, if confirmed by this Committee, with the 
President, because, obviously, affordable housing, if I'm the 
Secretary of HUD, will be my responsibility. So, I do commit to 
having these and more conversations on how we can bring costs 
down in our country, so that we can build, build, build 
affordable housing. So, I do commit that to you, sir.
    Senator Van Hollen. I appreciate that. And again, just this 
is a simple mathematical proposition, and if we're serious 
about affordable housing, we can't have across-the-board 
tariffs in an unstrategic way.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Van Hollen. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Scott. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. Senator Hagerty, you are next, sir.
    Senator Hagerty. Welcome, Mr. Turner.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you.
    Senator Hagerty. Very good to see you here today. Let me 
get this on here.
    Again, welcome. Glad to see you here.
    First, I would like to talk with you a bit about what is 
happening with our Nation's housing, our demand and supply 
perspective on that. I think it is well documented that we have 
a serious supply shorting housing--about 4 million homes short, 
as I understand it.
    At the same time, the current Administration is championing 
these de facto subsidies like tax credits, down payment 
assistance, and looser lending policies which, obviously, will 
stimulate demand but at the same time have they pursued various 
regulatory policies that have had the effect of constraining 
supply.
    And we all know what happens when you constrain supply and 
you stimulate demand. Prices go up. So we have seen massive 
inflation not only in the cost of homes but in rent, and I 
think that has been a big driver of the inflation that we have 
suffered.
    So I really want to understand how you are thinking about 
affordability of housing and supply of housing in the context 
of this supply and demand dynamic.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Hagerty. It is great to see 
you again. And, yes, you know, obviously, we do have an 
affordability crisis. Regulatory reform both from the Federal 
Government and the State government is much needed.
    We want to make it more flexible and easier for developers 
to build affordable workforce attainable housing across our 
country, and so if confirmed by this Committee one thing that I 
want to do which is top priority is look at all the regulatory 
burdens from the Federal side and also to work with localities 
and States to see how we can ease those burdens so developers 
can build and so the supply goes up as the demand goes up 
because right now we are not meeting that demand.
    Senator Hagerty. Yeah. I want to come to the State and 
local component in just a minute. But on the Federal side if 
you think about the Federal interventions that have taken place 
to I think the intention has been to stimulate affordable 
housing have they had the desired effect, in your mind?
    Mr. Turner. Well, right now it does not seem as if they 
have because we have a crisis in our country. We have had 
record funding from HUD as it pertains to affordable housing 
but yet we are still not meeting the need of those that need. 
We have waiting lists when it comes to affordable housing.
    So I think we need to take a deep dive and fresh look at 
the programs in HUD and also working with the local governments 
to see how we can ease this burden because we have families 
that are hurting that need affordable housing.
    Senator Hagerty. I think we all share the same concern and 
I look forward to working with you on that regard particularly 
at the Federal to go the State and local level for a moment I 
would like to just share one of my experiences.
    Before I went into the previous Trump administration as 
Ambassador to Japan I served as in effect the Commerce 
Secretary of Tennessee. I ran the Department of Economic and 
Community Development.
    One of the areas that I was responsible for in that 
department was administering community development block grants 
and this is just an example of an opportunity I see at HUD 
because I went through a major streamlining process.
    Tennessee had a budget deficit of about $1.6 billion so I 
went through my department and did a streamlining process that 
eliminated a very large number of positions in the department. 
That streamlining yielded much more efficient operations and 
Tennessee began to thrive after we went through that 
reorganization.
    But one aspect of that was the elimination and streamlining 
of the division that administered the CDBG grants and we were 
later forced by HUD to reinstate those positions. So rather 
than look at Tennessee and say, look, this is an opportunity to 
congratulate greater efficiency in streamlining maybe use that 
as what we call the best observed practice across other States 
and bring more efficiency to bear.
    Something is wrong at HUD whether it is regulatory or 
whether it is just, you know, a governance demeanor there that 
does not aim at these sorts of opportunities. You have had 
experience certainly in the State legislative level and at the 
White House I would love to hear your thoughts on how we might 
get at greater efficiency there and I know we would all like to 
work with you here in this Committee to support that.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. Thank you, Senator.
    And, you know, efficiency is key. Efficiency, transparency, 
accountability, and if confirmed you and your colleagues on the 
Committee I do commit to going into HUD and taking an 
inventory, taking an assessment of all the processes, all of 
the programs to see what is duplicative, what is working, what 
is not working and streamlining those things so that we can be 
more efficient because our number one job is to serve the 
American people that are the most vulnerable--low income, 
moderate income, people in our country as it pertains to 
housing, homelessness, disaster recovery and those three areas 
are of utmost important to the mission. So efficiency is the 
key so that we can better do that. I commit to you to do that.
    Senator Hagerty. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Turner.
    Mr. Chair.
    Senator Rounds [presiding]. On behalf of the Chairman, 
Senator Smith.
    Senator Smith. Thank you, Mr. Chair and Ranking Member, and 
it is great to be back in the Committee and welcome, Mr. 
Turner, to the Committee.
    Yesterday you and I had an opportunity to talk about some 
of the issues that I want to raise again with you here today in 
the Committee, particularly what we can do to lower cost--lower 
housing costs for Americans and I wonder if you could just talk 
a bit about what you see--what are your top one or two things 
that you are going to get after when you get into HUD to help 
lower costs for housing for Americans?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Smith. It is good to see you 
again.
    And as we have said before with your colleagues, you know, 
regulatory reform is a big deal and to bring down the costs by 
getting our fiscal house in order, bringing interest rates 
down, bringing inflation down, bringing the cost of materials 
down is something that will help developers and builders across 
our country to bring affordability down and build more houses.
    And so things will have immediate impact and I look forward 
if confirmed by the Committee to working toward that.
    Senator Smith. So, Mr. Turner, I appreciate that and, you 
know, I am looking for some detail and some specifics about how 
you would get after this and how you want to accomplish this. I 
think HUD is a big and complicated agency and I am interested 
in hearing what your--sort of your vision and your plan is.
    So let us dive in on something specific that I know many of 
my colleagues have done a lot of thinking about which is what 
we need to do to increase housing supply. I think you and I 
agree that the United States needs to add many more homes 
across the whole spectrum and we need to increase the supply. 
That is going to help lower rent. As Elizabeth says, it is 
basic supply and demand.
    So I want to ask you based on your work as a developer can 
you describe some of the local regulations that you see 
hindering the development in construction of housing?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am.
    Thank you for that. Permitting fees, inspection fees, 
zoning difficulties on a local level. Every locality is unique 
in their needs. But these are some of the things that we see as 
developers and builders that are hindering developers from 
building affordable and workforce housing and regulatory 
reform, Senator, just in multifamily alone, you look at the 
regulations that it is it is almost 40 percent of the cost to 
build multifamily and I believe it is 20 or 25 percent of the 
cost in single family.
    And so these and for instance there is a new regulation for 
HVAC refrigerant from the EPA.
    Senator Smith. So let me ask--I am sorry to interrupt you.
    Mr. Turner. That is OK.
    Senator Smith. So I am short on time here. I heard you 
referring specifically to local zoning laws and how local 
zoning laws, for example, require parking minimums and height 
restrictions and setback rules and lot minimum--you know, lot 
size requirements can be an issue.
    Do you think that the Federal Government has a role in 
encouraging States and local governments to reduce some of 
these kinds of unnecessary regulations and barriers that can 
make it harder to build construction either multifamily or 
single family housing?
    Mr. Turner. Yeah, and I believe, you know, the localities 
know their areas better than the Federal Government does. As I 
said, every locality has unique needs when it comes to density, 
when it comes to height restrictions.
    And so, yes, I do encourage localities to look at their 
zoning laws to make it easier and more flexible to build. As we 
know, we have an affordable housing crisis across our country 
and so localities, obviously, are in the lead of that. We can 
encourage them to look at those zoning laws.
    Senator Smith. But you--so you could encourage that. There 
is a way that you----
    Mr. Turner. Yeah, we encourage that but I do not believe 
that we need to force or mandate it but, yes, encourage them to 
look at what they have so that we can build more affordable 
housing.
    Senator Smith. So having some--like, for example, we talked 
yesterday about the PRO housing program which provides 
incentives to local governments to make these kinds of reforms 
to make it easier for companies like the one that you once 
worked for, for example, to get after some of those zoning 
restrictions.
    This is a matter that is near and dear to my heart because 
my hometown of Minneapolis has done excellent work here and it 
has helped to by reforming zoning laws it has helped to boost 
the supply of housing.
    In just the couple of minutes that I have left I know--I 
want to just get at one other thing. Many of us here care a lot 
about the tragedy of veterans' homelessness. I know that this 
is an issue that is of importance to you as well and I want to 
ask you about a bill that I have worked on, the Housing for All 
Veterans Act, which would essentially guarantee that if you are 
eligible for a housing voucher as a veteran that you shouldn't 
have to be forced to wait in line, that you should be able to 
move right ahead and have that voucher and be able to get into 
housing. This is a highly successful program. We just do not 
have enough vouchers for all the veterans that need it.
    Mr. Turner, would you commit to working with me on this 
piece of legislation which would do a lot to end veterans' 
homelessness?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Smith.
    I commit to working with you to help our veterans, to help 
all homelessness in our country, and thank you for bringing it 
up. Thank you for your passion as I saw that when we were 
meeting and even here in the meeting. So yes, I look forward to 
working with you on this issue so we can help our Nation's 
veterans.
    Senator Smith. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you, 
Madam--Ranking Member.
    Senator Rounds. And on behalf of the Chairman, Senator 
Britt?
    Senator Britt. Thank you, and congratulations to the Chair 
and Ranking Member. Certainly look forward to the opportunity 
to work with you both on our shared goals and be able to 
advance this for the American people.
    Mr. Turner, thank you for your willingness to serve at the 
highest level. To your family, welcome. I know that you all 
have got to be so proud. This is a special day not only for all 
of you but for Americans, Americans who want that hope again of 
the American Dream and believe that you leadership will help 
lead them back to that. So thank you.
    There is, obviously, been a lot of talk about football this 
morning so on behalf of my family I need to say go Pats.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Britt. But would like to just say, obviously, your 
time in NFL having seen what that takes firsthand with my 
husband in that job it is a grind. You know how to set goals. 
You know how to push through adversity. You know how to 
literally grind it out.
    You also know as the Chairman said to never give up and 
that anything is possible. You also know what it means to be a 
part of a team which is exactly what we need.
    We cannot keep doing the same thing or highlighting what is 
supposed to be a star. It is got to be who is the best to put 
on the field to achieve the goal and achieve an win and I look 
forward to seeing you do that at HUD.
    So I have enjoyed our conversation in my office learning 
about your experience in housing, learning more about what you 
did in the last Administration bringing Opportunity Zones to 
life. I thank you for your commitment to visit the State of 
Alabama. We look forward to having you and certainly are proud 
of your past trips there and the work that you have done 
alongside so many tremendous Alabamians.
    Look, we all know that we are facing a serious problem when 
it comes to affordable housing in this country. Whether it is 
inflation, whether it is high construction costs, whether it is 
interest rates, whether--I mean, you name it. Low inventory. We 
got a lot of things that we have got to tackle in order to be 
able to fix this.
    And unfortunately, over the last 4 years of the Biden-
Harris administration these things have not gotten better. They 
have gotten worse. And so you are going to inherit a tremendous 
problem but one that is critically important for people to be 
able to have their piece of the American dream and for so many 
to be able to have hope.
    I am thrilled about the Trump administration coming in. You 
being at the helm getting focus back on solutions and getting 
real results rather than prioritizing over burdensome 
regulations or mandates or harmful price controls that 
ultimately only add fuel to the fire.
    Mr. Turner, I was encouraged to hear you say earlier that 
two of your top priorities are deregulation and also 
streamlining HUD programs and streamlining them for efficiency. 
We want them to work better and faster for the American people. 
I share these goals.
    I mean, when you look--it is been highlighted today but 
when you look over the last year homelessness jumping 18 
percent in the last 12 months, 33 percent since 2020 it is 
absolutely unacceptable. You look at the fact that a new cost 
of a home has now risen 30 percent since 2020, the cost of it, 
and 24 percent of that is directly attributed to regulation.
    I know that you agree that that is unacceptable and it is 
clear that over burdensome regulation is part of this. Look, I 
want to just talk to you a little bit about your intention here 
to assess and measure the effectiveness of current HUD 
programs.
    Tell me what approach you are going to take there and how 
you are going to see what is working for the American people, 
what is not, and what is your plan in executing that?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Britt. It is great to see 
you, and please tell your husband I said hello.
    Senator Britt. Will do.
    Mr. Turner. So glad to see you all doing well.
    So number one, and I have used this word before. You know, 
inventory is and taking an assessment is key. You have to know 
what is working and what is not working. My father used to work 
at a grocery store called Safeway in Dallas and they used to 
take all the stuff off the shelves late at night or early in 
the morning.
    I said, Dad, what are you all doing. He said, well, we are 
taking inventory to see what is causing us to gain and what is 
causing us to lose, and I think that same principle in my own 
life, my business, foundation, ministry, taking inventory of 
the programs at HUD is one of the first priorities we will 
take.
    What is working for the American people, what is not. Is it 
building more affordable housing or is it not? Is it helping 
the homelessness in our country or is it not? Is it meeting the 
needs of the Americans that we serve or is it not and I think 
if we go from there to come back to you, this Committee and 
Congress, and say hey, this is what we have found. This is what 
works and this is what is not working, and this is what is 
efficient and this is what is duplicative.
    And so I think those simple principles would do very well, 
going forward, at HUD.
    Senator Britt. Excellent, and I look forward to working 
with you on that and your commitment to making sure that we get 
this right.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you.
    Senator Rounds. On behalf of the Chairman, Senator Reed?
    Senator Reed. Thank you, Senator Rounds.
    Welcome, Mr. Turner, very much. I want to welcome your 
family, too.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, sir.
    Senator Reed. No one serves alone and you are going to be 
supported by these wonderful people.
    We have a severe supply problem in housing and that is why 
I am a little bit surprised that in the President-elect's last 
budget he wanted to zero out the HOME program and the housing 
trust fund. These are programs whose sole purpose is to 
construct housing and so what will we get by elimination these 
programs if our need is to invest more in construction?
    Mr. Turner. Well, thank you, Senator Reed. So good to see 
you and thank you for your time yesterday.
    As I have said before, Senator Reed, to your colleagues it 
is my goal to look at the housing trust fund and all the 
programs at HUD and to see how they are helping us to better do 
the job and carry out the mission at HUD as a whole.
    Senator Reed. Well, thank you very much.
    Let me also talk about another program and that is the 
family self-sufficiency program, one that I am working closely 
with Senator Britt to try to expand. I actually talked about 
this is a very good program. It allows families in subsidized 
housing to put money aside to eventually move on and we hope to 
buy their own homes.
    Will you help us expand FSS as you are in the position as 
the HUD secretary?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator.
    And if confirmed by your Committee any program that is 
helping people on the road to self-sufficiency and climb the 
economic ladder and become--to thrive economically I am willing 
to look at work with you and this Committee on and thank you 
for your passion for that and your diligence in that because my 
goal, too, is to help people to get off of Government 
assistance and to be self-sustainable and achieve the American 
dream.
    Senator Reed. Thank you.
    Let me follow on a point that Senator Tina Smith made, that 
is, you know, we have problems with veterans' housing and we 
have to do much more. But remarkably we have made more progress 
with veterans' housing than any other population.
    From 2007 to 2024 veterans' homelessness has dropped 50 
percent and that is because it is not just HUD, it is also VA 
with vouchers. It is also building.
    So can you look at the model that is been successful and 
see how you can incorporate more to affect other populations 
besides veterans?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. We said earlier, you know, when you 
bring out this to the table and you have data-driven results-
driven programs I am willing to look at all of those to see how 
we could better serve not only our veterans but the whole 
entire mission of HUD.
    And so I look forward to working with you and your team and 
Members on that.
    Senator Reed. And I know you have talked about and we had a 
good chance to talk about it in the office about streamlining 
regulations, zoning. That is a responsibility primarily of 
States and localities but HUD I think can play a critical role 
and I hope you will follow up aggressively to--in that critical 
role.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. Thank you.
    Senator Reed. Thank you very much.
    Now, I do not know if you can say anything but are you 
thinking Go Commanders?
    Mr. Turner. Anything Commanders or Redskins I am for it.
    Senator Reed. All right. We can agree on that.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, we can.
    Senator Reed. Thank you very much.
    Mr. Turner. And thank you for that great quote you gave me 
in the office. It is not about the best ideas or who asked the 
best questions. I remember that. Thank you.
    Senator Reed. Thank you.
    The other one is be kind and no surprises.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Reed. Thank you very much.
    Senator Rounds. On behalf of the Chairman Senator Banks, 
and welcome to the Committee.
    Senator Banks. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    And thank you, Mr. Turner, for agreeing to serve your 
country in a big way. Excited to work with you.
    Each year HUD distributes tens of billions of dollars of 
housing assistance to families in poverty through programs like 
the housing choice voucher program in Section 8.
    Unfortunately these programs punish people for working and 
for getting married, and I wonder what can you do about that 
when you are in charge? What can we do to change those rules?
    Mr. Turner. Well, thank you, Senator Banks, and it was good 
to meet with you as well.
    You know, these programs when you do get married when you 
do get a better job, when your wages do rise, you know, you are 
disadvantaged and you are penalized for it.
    And so, you know, the whole goal here is to get people into 
self-sustainability and on track to achieve and American dream 
to thrive and not just surviving, to be not a lifetime on 
subsidies but to get off subsidies and be able to take care of 
your family.
    And so we will commit to taking a deep dive and looking, 
you know, into these and how it disadvantages people that are 
on assistance. So thank you for bringing that to the forefront 
and I look forward to further discussion on that.
    Senator Banks. The Biden administration's so-called fair 
housing rule requires States and local governments that receive 
community development block grants to submit detailed reports 
to HUD on how they will advance equity--so-called equity--
across all of their activities.
    Do you think HUD should be holding grant applicants hostage 
to a DEI agenda?
    Mr. Turner. You know, I do not think we should be holding 
grant applicants hostage to anything and particularly something 
that is devastating to not only the individuals but also the 
families. And so you know, I believe that when we give or grant 
assistance that obviously there is accountability, there is 
transparency. But to hold anyone hostage because of a 
politicization of an agency or a process I think is wrong 
across the board.
    Senator Banks. So you agree to look into how we interpret 
that rule and perhaps apply it differently?
    Mr. Turner. Absolutely.
    Senator Banks. Very good. In 2016, the Obama administration 
declared that it is ``unlawful discrimination for realtors and 
landlords to discuss a neighborhood's crime rate with 
prospective renters and buyers.'' And I wonder--I mean, it 
seems ridiculous to me--I do not know if you agree--to try to 
hide crime from a renter or a home buyer when they sign a lease 
or buy a home.
    How do you plan to interpret that rule?
    Mr. Turner. Well, I think when--if I am buying a home or if 
I am renting a home I want to know about the crime rate. I want 
to know if my wife and my family are going to be safe.
    I think full transparency and accountability is key and 
then you make the decision whether you want to live here or 
not. But to hide crime, to hide anything from a potential buyer 
or a potential renter is wrong.
    So yes, I look forward to learning more. Thank you for 
bringing it to my attention. But I do not believe--that is 
wrong. And so we will look into that because I think you have 
to be fully transparent to all renters and all buyers.
    Senator Banks. Totally agree. The Federal Government has 
been relying on religious organizations for years to deliver 
services through grants but under the current far left rules at 
HUD a faith-based soup kitchen or a homeless shelter would 
jeopardize its eligibility for Federal grants if an employee 
offered to pray before a meal.
    Would you remove those types of barriers that are 
preventing faith-based organizations from helping people?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. You know, as a Christian 
myself and as a believer, you know, I like to pray before my 
meals. I like to pray for people. I like to pray as a group, 
pray individually, and I think it is something we need to 
embrace. You know, people of all faiths in our country.
    And so any barriers that keep people from faith--of 
exercising that, yes we need to take a deep look at that 
because, you know, this is a country where we have religious 
freedom. We need to uphold that the best we can.
    Senator Banks. The Biden administration finalized a rule 
last year that imposes extreme climate standards on any 
property that HUD finances. These standards will drive up 
construction costs by as much as $30,000 and they apply even if 
HUD only contributes a tiny amount of the funding. I wonder 
what your point of view is on that and is there anything we can 
do to fix that.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. You know, I do want to look 
further into that. You know, anything that is burdensome to 
build affordable housing we need to take a strong look at that 
and remove be it climate, whatever it is--regulatory reform--
because we have a crisis.
    And as I sit here before you I am focused on how do we 
build affordable housing in our country and whatever is keeping 
us from doing that obviously in appropriate legal manner we 
need to look at those across the board because we have people 
that are on the streets that we need to help them in housing.
    Senator Banks. Thank you. My time has expired.
    Chair Scott [presiding]. Good use of your time, however.
    Senator Kim.
    Senator Kim. Yeah. Thank you, Chairman. Thank you, Ranking 
Member. I am glad to be a part of this.
    Mr. Turner, I appreciated the conversation that you and I 
had before and I am glad we have a chance to be able to chat 
again.
    After our last conversation I went back to some folks--some 
constituents in New Jersey, asked them what are the top issues. 
You know, what are the things that they want to raise and just 
overwhelmingly not just for this hearing but just writ large is 
about housing, high cost.
    So I guess I just want to ask a little bit more. You know, 
I look at your testimony here as a country we are not building 
enough housing. We need more, millions more homes of all kinds. 
I think everyone agrees with that. But I would like a little 
bit more specificity from you. In particular, I heard from a 
young man says--you know, graduated college. He says he does 
not think he will ever be able to afford a house.
    Like, the level of pessimism especially among youth right 
now is so high. and so I guess I just wanted to have something 
tangible to bring back to him. You know, like, what would you 
say to that young man? What plan, what specifics can you bring 
beyond, you know, these statements that we all agree upon but I 
would like to just have a sense of something more granular.
    Mr. Turner. Absolutely, and I also have heard that from my 
own son. He is 24. How we are going to be able to afford a 
house? Kids that we mentor in Dallas have the same sentiments. 
So I understand.
    First, as I have said before, Senator Kim, and it was great 
to meet with you--we have to get our fiscal house in this 
country in order bringing down inflation, bringing down 
interest rates, because that will then bring down the cost to 
build affordable housing. And, obviously, working with you, 
this Committee, and Congress we can look at how we get our 
fiscal house in order.
    Deregulation--we have talked about that a lot here both at 
the Federal and the local State level will help us to build 
more affordable housing and those things I think that when we 
do that and prices do come down and housing is built that those 
that are in this younger generation will begin to have hope 
again because right now there is a lot of hopelessness in the 
younger generation about how they will afford a home.
    So it is my goal because it is personal to me.
    Senator Kim. Well, I guess--let me just expand a little bit 
more here. You know, you said we need millions more homes of 
all kinds--single family, apartments, condos. I guess I want to 
just ask how do we encourage the building of entry level homes? 
You know, we see, you know, in New Jersey a lot of development 
of luxury condos, large homes, but, you know, it is hard 
sometimes with the market, you know, to try to figure out how 
they are going to be able to go off of that.
    So I am wondering what are your thoughts there. Are there 
ways in which incentives to be able to build that type of 
housing has a place in this--in the toolbox.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. And I think the expansion of 
Opportunity Zones will play a great role in that, because we 
saw a lot of affordable housing, first-time housing built, 
multifamily, duplex, single family, manufactured homes built in 
Opportunity Zones. And so I think the expansion and the 
continuation of that initiative and program will give us a 
great advantage to meet that need.
    Senator Kim. I mean, I think that is right but I think we 
also saw sort of, you know, and over emphasis upon commercial 
building when it came to Opportunity Zones. I think there was 
some challenge in terms of being able to direct that toward 
affordable housing. So that is something that, you know, I 
think we should look at as we go forward.
    Another thing that I wanted to raise here, the community 
development block grant for disaster recovery, this is 
something where, you know, you and I had a conversation about, 
you know, different disaster issues that we have struggled with 
in New Jersey. It is not formally authorized, and as a result 
it oftentimes gets bogged down and be a very slow process.
    So I want to just ask, you know, is that something you have 
looked at in terms of whether or not you would support 
permanent authorization of that program?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator.
    Yes, that is something I began to study. You know, every 
time a disaster happens--and after a disaster happens it is 
almost like HUD has to reinvent the wheel so statutory 
authority will be very helpful to get these resources and funds 
out the door in an efficient manner to serve the people that 
are in need.
    Senator Kim. OK. Well, please, that is something I would 
like to work with you on. We have seen in the past, especially 
when it came to response in Puerto Rico after the Hurricane 
Maria, you know, huge delays and a lot of structural problems 
here where the intent of Congress was not followed through on 
and that is something I would like to be able to work with you 
on.
    The last thing I will just say and this will be quick, you 
know, I really hope that we can be the generation that finally 
rids our homes of lead in all forms once and for all--lead 
pipes, lead paint. A lot there that we can do when it comes to 
these work? Is that something that you can agree upon? Is that 
something we can try to set out as a joint goal?
    Mr. Turner. Absolutely.
    Senator Kim. Thank you. I yield back.
    Chairman Scott. Excellent.
    Senator Kennedy.
    Senator Kennedy. I think it is Senator Moreno.
    Chairman Scott. Yes, it is. I was really seeing if you were 
paying attention and you passed my test.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. Good job, youngster.
    Senator Kennedy. I am watching you like a hawk.
    Senator Moreno. Well, first, thanks to my colleague, 
Senator Kennedy.
    Mr. Scott, thank you for being here. Thank you for your 
willingness to serve this country. Your background in 
incredibly impressive. I think we add you to the long line of 
incredibly qualified nominees for President Trump and I am 
hoping we get all of you confirmed quickly, efficiently so you 
can get to work and there is a lot of work to be done.
    I will say as a newbie here in Washington, DC, this place 
actually fascinates me. It is really unbelievable. Five years 
ago if you made $60,000-plus thousand in this country you could 
afford a home. Today it is more than twice that.
    And you look at--if you had supply and demand for dummies 
you would open up to page 1 it said well, if you have 12 
million illegals into a country in a period of time that 
require housing perhaps housing prices will go up and yet there 
is incredible denial about that fact.
    How do you think illegal migration which has been 
completely insane over the last 4 years has played into housing 
affordability?
    Mr. Turner. Well, thank you, Senator Moreno, and 
congratulations to you. It was great to spend time with you.
    In the HUD report that came out on December 27th it noted 
that illegal migration or illegal immigration has caused a lot 
of the homelessness in our country. When you have 12 to 20 
million people coming across illegally to our country it is 
going to be a great burden on the economy, on housing, on 
homelessness, on health in our country.
    And so as the report said it is a huge burden and that is 
something that I think that we as a country, as you, Congress, 
as the White House have to work to eliminate so that we can 
take care of the American people.
    Senator Moreno. Yeah. So basically the Government allowed 
12 million people to come into the country illegally over the 
last 4 years. They have unleashed fiscal stimulus unlike at any 
point in our history, trillions of dollars of fiscal stimulus 
that led to higher interest rates.
    Then you look at the regulations that led to higher housing 
costs and yet we convene to figure out how to lower housing 
costs. It is pretty remarkable process to watch as somebody who 
is from the outside. Is there anything else that you have seen 
that you would like to do that are priorities to lower the cost 
of housing? Because like Senator Kim said, this is the issue I 
hear over and over again, whether it is that 20-something that 
wants to not live in their parents' basement or the parent that 
does not want to have that 20-something living in their 
basement.
    They both agree. But the reality is it is really expensive 
to own a home in this country. Very differently than when 
President Trump was back in the White House. Is there anything 
else that you think we could be doing in that regard?
    Mr. Turner. Well, you know, so far we talk about regulatory 
reform. We talk about bringing down the cost of materials, the 
cost of construction, the expansion of Opportunity Zones, and I 
think engaging the private sector and bringing the private 
sector in because, you know, the people that do this on a daily 
basis Government can be a great partner.
    Obviously, the Government is not the only solution. So to 
bring the private sector in to help with these solutions that 
is something that I want to do if confirmed by this Committee 
is listen--you know, listen to those that are in the 
localities. Listen to those that are in the private sector that 
have done--been successful in building affordable housing and 
workforce housing. I think that would be a great advantage for 
us.
    Senator Moreno. Well, thank you. I have one request for 
you. As you know, we need a lot of help in Cleveland. We have 
affordable housing, quote/unquote, HUD subsidized housing. I 
was just in a homeland security meeting talking about illegal 
migration and the need for on the other side they think the 
solution is to provide better housing to illegals at our 
border.
    There are housing projects in Cleveland that if we put 
illegals in those projects we would be sanctioned by the United 
Nations for human rights violations. I would like you to see 
those first hand. These are conditions that no human let alone 
an American citizen should ever be allowed to live in and yet 
it is gone on and, quite frankly, as you know a lot of people 
make a lot of money as a result of those kinds of conditions. I 
would love to have you come to Cleveland to see that first 
hand.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir. Thank you.
    Senator Moreno. Thank you. I yield the rest of my time to 
my colleague from Louisiana.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you. Senator Cortez Masto.
    Senator Cortez Masto. Thank you. Actually, can I--I will 
take a pass.
    Chairman Scott. Certainly. OK. We will come back to you.
    Senator Cortez Masto. I am running between three committee 
hearings right now. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. Senator Gallego.
    Senator Gallego. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    And Mr. Turner, it was great meeting you in your office. As 
you know, Arizona is at the forefront of housing scarcity on 
all fronts, whether it is apartments, whether it is housing, 
whether it is new, old, and it is not just the metro. It is 
even our rural areas.
    So, you know, I am always looking out for the comprehensive 
solution as well, of course, dealing with the rising 
homelessness which are all kind of attached to this.
    So we talked about a couple of areas in my office and I 
just want to reiterate, you know, for--especially for number 
one our families right now that cannot afford housing.
    Last year I introduced the Housing Vouchers Fairness Act to 
address the increased demand for affordable housing choice 
vouchers in our fastest growing cities and for my colleagues 
here what that basically means is there are some areas of this 
country that are not using their housing vouchers largely 
because of bad administrative process or the fact that you guys 
are losing population.
    Places like Arizona, Nevada, Texas, and Florida have a 
demand for these housing vouchers. And, you know, as I said 
before it is the HUD--HUD has the right to actually reallocate 
those vouchers if they are not being used.
    So I just want to have a commitment that you are going to 
look at that because that would actually help a lot of people 
off the streets and into housing and especially, again, if they 
are not being used by anywhere else they should be effectively 
used somewhere.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, Senator, and it was great to visit 
with you and hear your care and your passion for your State and 
constituents.
    Yes, I do commit to working with you and looking further 
into that as we said in our meeting.
    Senator Gallego. Thank you. And, you know, one of the 
things that we see in Arizona and all over the country is that 
we have a lot of families in different situations, but we do 
see mixed status families.
    And I agree with a lot of my colleagues here. If you are an 
illegal immigrant, you shouldn't be receiving any subsidized 
housing. If you are two illegal immigrants living together, you 
should not receive any Federal subsidized housing.
    But I am concerned about mixed status families and that 
happens a lot in our world where you have one parent who is an 
American and who--or who is illegally here or has a child that 
is an American.
    In the past under HUD director--HUD Secretary Carson there 
is been some rulemaking that would have potentially put those 
types of families on the streets, and when we already have a 
housing shortage that we are hearing and the other thing to 
remember in terms of these mixed status families a lot of times 
that parent, the secondary parent, may actually at one point 
become a legal citizen I would like to make sure that you at 
least understand and do not rush to kick more people out of 
their homes because you are likely kicking out a couple 
Americans in the process.
    And, again, overall agree with the sentiment we should not 
be using our Federal dollars or in general tax dollars to house 
illegal immigrants but when it comes to our potential, you 
know, making some of our American families homeless we have to 
be very careful about how we execute that. I want to make sure 
you understand that and work through that in the process also.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Gallego. And then so, you know, when it comes to 
that, you know, if you understand the mixed status family 
situation American kid, American parent, undocumented, would 
you say that that is something that would be a reason to evict 
these families from Federal housing?
    Mr. Turner. Well, Senator, one thing, if confirmed by this 
Committee as the Secretary of HUD, you know, we have to take 
care of American citizens and American families. It is not only 
the right thing to do, it is not just what we are called to do 
but it is the law, even right now we are not serving the amount 
of American people and American families that we have been 
called to serve.
    And so as the HUD secretary if confirmed by you and this 
Committee my job will be to uphold the laws on the books, and I 
know oftentimes you have to make hard decisions because we do 
not like to tear up families but we have an obligation to serve 
the American people and uphold the laws on the books.
    Senator Gallego. And recognizing these are American people. 
They are just in a situation where they are married to someone 
who is undocumented and so this is why I am asking specifically 
to make sure that you understand that there is a nuance and all 
we are going to do is create more Americans actually that are 
going to be homeless if we rush to just evictions.
    Other areas I would definitely like to talk to you about is 
in regards to the Native American housing block grants. You 
know, the President and his previous Administration had a lot 
of--had tried to demand some cuts to that and it provides 
grants to Tribes and Tribal housing entities to support housing 
and community development.
    And so Arizona has got 22 federally recognized Tribes. It 
is a massive portion of our population. But they actually have 
a housing crisis. So whenever there is cuts that are made or 
proposed cuts that are made it is going to significantly impact 
these communities because a lot of these communities also do 
not have access to other private funds in order for them to 
buildup their housing.
    So I really want to know do you support the President's 
proposals to cut funding for HUD assistant housing for Native 
Americans, going forward? In the past we cannot really do much 
going there.
    Mr. Turner. You know, I would have to look into that 
program and that proposal. Thank you for bringing that to my 
attention.
    As we talked about before, you know, Native American Tribes 
have the same difficulty in affordable housing because of the 
Tribal Trust and other factors.
    As we talked before also Opportunity Zones are a great 
vehicle to affordable housing including on our Tribes and so I 
am committed to seeing how we can continue to build more 
affordable housing for our Tribes and across the country and I 
look forward to working with you on that particular issue. And 
as far as the proposal I have to go and look, take a deeper 
dive into that.
    Senator Moreno. I yield back.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you.
    Senator Kennedy.
    Senator Kennedy. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Turner, you have a very impressive resume and career.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you sir.
    Senator Kennedy. And I have enjoyed your testimony today.
    You will find that we in Washington we never make the same 
mistake twice. We make it three or four times to make sure that 
we get it right.
    [Laughter.]
    Senator Kennedy. Now, I have been here 8 years. I have 
watched us on a bipartisan basis spend tens and tens and tens 
and tens and tens and tens of billions of dollars on affordable 
housing. And the result is that 10 years ago the average age of 
a first-time homebuyer in America was 28. Today it is 38. We 
are going backwards here.
    A house that cost 4 years ago $304,000--a lot of money--
cost $423,000 today. Washington thinks it can command the tides 
of the housing market and we cannot. State and local government 
have a lot more influence than we do, much more, and I have 
watched us give State and local government billions and they 
gladly take the money and nothing changes, because a lot of 
folks, their home is the biggest investment and they do not 
want an affordable housing nearby and some of them do not want 
any new housing nearby because of the pressure it puts on 
infrastructure.
    If we are serious about increasing housing starts in 
America, and I doubt this will happen because I do not think we 
in Washington have the will to do it, but we would turn to 
every State and say, look, we expect you to increase housing 
starts every year by 3 percent. Could be two, could be four. 
Three percent. How you do it is your business. If you do not do 
it we are going to cut by 1.5 percent all Federal aid that we 
give to you across the board. If you exceed the 3 percent we 
will give you an extra 1.5 percent. Canada is in the process of 
looking at this.
    Now you will see many in State and local governments have 
an epiphany and they will get started looking at their zoning 
standards, looking at the set asides and the setbacks and have 
an honest conversation with their people. What do you think?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Kennedy. Sir, I appreciate 
our time together and thank you for your thoughtfulness and 
your ingenuity and thought.
    You know, incentives do a lot. I know playing in the NFL 
you always wanted to get incentives in your contract.
    Senator Kennedy. So does a stick.
    Mr. Turner. Yes.
    Senator Kennedy. A stick does a lot.
    Mr. Turner. It does. You know, the incentives we had back 
in the day were a lot less than incentives I see these players 
getting now.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Turner. But, anyway, I think that returning that 
control back and encouraging innovativeness and encouraging 
that accountability back to the States I think is a great idea, 
and I want to hear more about that with you.
    But I do believe that when we incentivize growth we 
incentivize building, we incentivize, you know, certain aspects 
when it comes to affordability, you know, competition always 
brings out the best. And so I look forward to hearing more and 
working with you on that.
    Senator Kennedy. This isn't a question. Let me just give 
you an observation. You undoubtedly know this. One of the 
headwinds you are going to face now is the cost of insurance. I 
am not talking just about flood. It is bad enough. I am talking 
about extended coverage. Under our Chairman's leadership, 
Senator Rounds and I are working on a bill not just dealing 
with flood, but dealing with all casualties.
    We are going to have to face it. It is coming. We have all 
seen what is happening in California, but it is not just 
California. It is Appalachia. It is Florida. It is Louisiana. 
And we are going to have to address this.
    I am not talking about Government subsidies. I am talking 
about setting up some sort of a national program that invites 
as many people as possible to join so you can spread the risk. 
Strict underwriting, so that the premiums are not subsidized. 
And I hate to see the Federal Government get in the insurance 
business, but my God, it is looks like we are going to have to. 
And I am way over but I used that extra time that Bernie gave 
me.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. Thank you, Senator. And 17 additional 
seconds. You are right at your time. Cortez Masto.
    Senator Cortez Masto. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Turner, it is good to see you again. Thanks for meeting 
with me.
    Mr. Turner. Great to see you, ma'am.
    Senator Cortez Masto. And welcome to your family.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you.
    Senator Cortez Masto. Let me--I know some of this 
conversation you already had with my colleagues but I am going 
to rehash some of it because particularly around housing and 
affordable housing it is a number one issue in my State as it 
is happening an issue for across the country but in Nevada this 
is something that we have been dealing with.
    We are a little bit unique in the sense that over 80 
percent of our land is owned by the Federal Government so we 
need support and work with the Federal Government to identify 
land where housing can be built, right, and that is where not 
only the department of interior but that is where HUD comes in, 
BLM and HUD working together.
    So I will be looking at you to work with us there on those 
issues. but let me ask you this. I appreciate my colleague 
Senator Kennedy's comments about Federal funding, and if he 
wants to transfer Federal funding to places where there has 
been effective use of it he can send it to Nevada. There is 
more that needs to be done but the Federal financing is a key 
part of financing housing and affordable housing in Nevada.
    Let me just give you an example. We have the Patriot Place 
Apartments in Las Vegas. It is home to 50 formerly homeless 
veterans, and these homes were built thanks to HUD's home 
investment partnerships program and vouchers among other 
programs.
    We have similar housing that is being built for our 
veterans, for our seniors, along with our working class, the 
men and women who are working in part of our key industries in 
Nevada.
    And so unfortunately for us we have done all this great 
work. We need to continue it. But in the last Trump 
administration Trump wanted to delay, cut, and eliminate HUD 
programs that build affordable housing.
    So my question to you is would you support that position 
even though we know the benefits it can provide for people in 
need?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Cortez Masto. It was great 
to meet with you and visit with you about your beloved State of 
Nevada.
    As we said before with your other colleagues here, you 
know, my goal as I said before is to look at all the programs 
within HUD and see what is successful and what is not 
successful and also I will commit to you to having those 
conversations if I am allowed in due time with the President 
and his team and also you and Congress to say hey, these 
programs are really working and they are bringing results as it 
pertains to building affordable housing. I think as a leader 
that is my job to have those conversations and to take 
inventory and see, hey, these programs are successful, they are 
meeting the needs of the mission of HUD.
    And so I can--I will work with you if you will and look 
further into that program and see how we can help our veterans 
and the homelessness need and the housing affordability need in 
your State.
    Senator Cortez Masto. Thank you.
    And do you have a position on just housing vouchers in 
general?
    Mr. Turner. You know, I have been learning a lot about 
housing vouchers and one thing I do know is that we need to 
make it less cumbersome and more efficient in the process and 
make it easier for land owners and landlords to work with us 
instead of putting a lot of bureaucracy and red tape and burden 
on them and I am continuing to look at that to see how we can 
ease it and streamline that program at HUD.
    Senator Cortez Masto. I appreciate that.
    Just and you wouldn't know this but under the previous 
Trump administration they wanted to try to cut the number of 
vouchers and so that does not benefit us.
    So I am hopeful as you are looking at things and you are 
looking at efficient use of these dollars and vouchers this is 
part of it and you are going to be talking to the 
Administration about it as well.
    Let me ask you this. This came up as well I think in our 
conversation about disaster relief. Starting in 2018 President 
Trump's Department of Housing and Urban Development withheld 
for 2 years congressionally approved disaster recovery and 
mitigation funds for Puerto Rico and now he is suggesting doing 
the same thing for California.
    In 2021 the inspector general found that HUD intentionally 
delayed sending Puerto Rico funds from the CDBG disaster 
recovery and mitigation program's fund.
    And so my question to you is if you are confirmed will you 
promise not to stop or delay the disbursement of 
congressionally approved disaster recovery funds?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator.
    And we all know the devastation that is going on in 
California right now and how it is devastating to families and 
communities. Also, Senator Tillis was talking about in North 
Carolina how CDBG-DR funds have not gotten out of the door.
    And so what I do commit to is when we look at this fund if 
confirmed by the Committee how do we get the resources out of 
the door to the families and communities that are in need so 
that they can rebuild because that is very important. That will 
be a top priority for me when it comes to disaster recovery 
funds that have been appropriated by Congress.
    Senator Cortez Masto. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Scott. Yes, you are welcome.
    Senator Lummis, are you prepared now or let me come back to 
you?
    Senator Lummis. I am, Mr. Chairman. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. Yes, ma'am. Thank you.
    Senator Lummis. Congratulations to you and to the Ranking 
Member. Look forward to working with you these next couple of 
years.
    Thank you, Mr. Turner, for your willingness to serve this 
Nation as HUD secretary. I want to welcome--warmly welcome your 
family and appreciate the sacrifice you all make to serve our 
Nation in this way.
    And I want to thank you for meeting with me in my office 
recently. My first question is about Indian Country. I know for 
a lot of States' Tribal issues are really hard to attack 
because they are culturally challenging for those of us who are 
non-Indians.
    I am of the opinion that native CDFIs are important to 
fixing the housing crisis in Indian Country. They are a way for 
Tribes to attract capital that leave Tribal members in control 
and in Indian Country it is very important that Tribal members 
be in control.
    So last Congress we had a hearing in the Housing 
Subcommittee that I was involved with Senator Smith on about 
CDFIs and we heard from our witnesses that it is important that 
these institutions have flexibility in the products they can 
offer developers and home buyers, things like balloon loans and 
interest only loans when offered to borrowers that understand 
the risks and can make monthly payments more affordable.
    CDFIs need permission from the CDFI fund at Treasury to 
offer these products and keep their CDFI status. So will you 
work with Treasury, and I am happy to go hand in hand with you 
to Treasury, to ensure the flexibility Tribes and native CDFIs 
can offer so we can have solutions to the housing crisis in 
Indian Country?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. Thank you, Senator. It was great to 
visit with you.
    But yes, I will commit to working with you and I believe 
also Senator Warner was talking about CDFIs in his State. I do 
look forward to working with you and Treasury to make sure we 
are meeting the needs of the Tribal Nations.
    Senator Lummis. Thank you.
    I want to call your attention to a bill that I am 
sponsoring with Senator Fetterman. He used to be on this 
Committee and is no longer. Today we are reintroducing the 
Whole Home Repair Act and it will create a program that 
supports low income homeowners and small landlords trying to 
cut through red tape and apply for grants to repair dilapidated 
and unsafe housing.
    So the focus of a lot of the hearings that Senator Smith, 
when she chaired the Housing Subcommittee, and I worked on were 
rural housing needs and I assume you have seen that in your 
home State as well.
    Mr. Turner. You know, we do have a big need in rural areas 
around the country and I am from Texas so we do have a lot of 
rural areas. You know, oftentimes when people are thinking 
about home affordability and they think about poverty stricken 
areas it is urban. But our rural neighbors and rural friends 
have the same if not more need when it comes to home 
affordability.
    And so I do look forward, if confirmed by the Committee, to 
look at more on how we can serve our families and communities 
in the rural areas around the country.
    Senator Lummis. Will you help Senator Fetterman and I by 
providing technical assistance in this matter as it moves 
forward?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. I look forward to working with you 
both.
    Senator Lummis. Thank you, Mr. Turner.
    There is a program called Housing First and it is been the 
law of the land for two decades now and, yet, homelessness is a 
bigger problem than ever.
    So, clearly, Housing First does not work for everyone. Do 
you have some ideas that you can bring to us about how to 
tackle the homelessness question?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. And, you know, homelessness is 
something that is near and dear to me. Obviously, I gave the 
testimony about one of my family members who was found homeless 
and we were able to get him help, obviously.
    But housing is one part of it but I like to look at the 
person as holistic as I can. You know, you talk about housing, 
health care, fitness, education. And so I think the wraparound 
services are vital and key when it comes to eradicating and 
attacking homeless.
    And also involved in the local organizations that are doing 
this on a day to day basis like what I was involved in back at 
home who every day are meeting the needs of our homeless 
neighbors not only from a housing standpoint but from a mental 
health standpoint, from and education and health care 
standpoint.
    And so I look forwards to doing this if confirmed by the 
Committee.
    Senator Lummis. Boots on the ground, Mr. Chairman.
    Thank you so much. My home State of Wyoming does not have 
any professional football teams but we do have our University 
of Wyoming quarterback Josh Allen quarterbacking the Buffalo 
Bills so, obviously, I am a Bills fan and looking forward to 
his progress this month.
    Thank you, Mr. Turner.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you.
    Senator Blunt Rochester.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank 
you to you and the Ranking Member for the warm welcome. I am 
looking forward to working with the Members on this Committee.
    Mr. Turner, I appreciate the opportunity to meet with you 
earlier this week and look forward to getting more clarity on 
some of your positions and plans.
    I want to start with housing supply, an issue that you have 
heard over and over again in this Committee, because we hear it 
over and over again in our States, whether it is rural areas 
like in Delaware, or in Delaware we have coastal areas. Whether 
it is our nurses or our teachers or unhoused, you know, 
neighbors who are trying to find housing. Or just young people, 
as Senator Kim mentioned, who are trying to get their first 
home.
    This is a crisis that is touching all of us. And you have 
publicly indicated that you recognize the growing need for high 
quality affordable housing in our country.
    The good news is, as you have heard, there is a lot of 
comment around here in terms of understanding that we have the 
challenge, bipartisan consensus, that reducing barriers at the 
local level will increase the supply of affordable housing, 
namely addressing zoning, land use issues, and cutting red 
tape.
    And this is something that I have worked on in the House 
from my bipartisan Housing Supply and Affordability Act, to my 
Housing Supply and Innovation Frameworks Act. And these polices 
have been endorsed by groups like across the spectrum, from Up 
for Growth to the National Low Income Housing Coalition.
    And in our meeting, you agreed that the Federal Government 
should share best practices in reducing barriers with 
localities. For the record, do you support legislation that 
would develop frameworks and best practices on zoning and land 
use policies to be used by local municipalities.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. It was great to meet with 
you, and thank you for your thoughtfulness and your service to 
our country.
    I am always, as a former legislator, I am always open to 
looking at the best possible legislation to meet the needs that 
we have, not only in our States, but in our country. And so as 
that legislation comes out, I definitely commit to looking and 
exploring that with you and your team to see if it will best 
benefit the mission of HUD.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Thank you. You also have told us 
that you believe that a happy, healthy, and productive 
citizenry all starts with housing, and I completely agree. You 
have said--but there are a number of critical programs that 
will make our citizens safe, health, and affordable, get 
affordable housing.
    But the Trump administration in the first Administration 
made massive cuts to many of these. To start, will you commit 
to maintaining funding for the Housing Choice Voucher Program, 
which ensures millions of families have safe, healthy, and 
affordable housing?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. So what I do, and I have 
said before to you and your colleagues, I do commit to looking 
at all the programs that we have at HUD, and to make----
    Senator Blunt Rochester. That is a yes.
    Mr. Turner. I look forward to----
    Senator Blunt Rochester. To looking at it.
    Mr. Turner. To looking into them, yes, ma'am.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. OK.
    Mr. Turner. And maximizing the budget we have to make those 
programs better.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. One of the other areas that we 
talked about, I think I shared with you in our meeting that I 
served as the Secretary of Labor in the State of Delaware. I 
tell people if I had another middle name, it would be Lisa 
Blunt Jobs Rochester.
    So I am very much focused on jobs and the economy, but I 
ask you specifically your position on work requirements tied to 
people having housing opportunities in programs like Section 8. 
Could you share your position there?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am. You know, I heard a great quote, 
and it says that, you know, our social safety net programs----
    Senator Blunt Rochester. In the interest of time, can I 
just ask, do you support work requirements for a housing 
program?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am, I was getting to that.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. I only have a little bit of time.
    Mr. Turner. And so I think that, you know, it is good for 
people to work. And I think a great precedent was set----
    Senator Blunt Rochester. I do too. But do you support work 
requirements tied to housing opportunities for public----
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am, I think it is good. I think we 
should encourage people to work as they are on assistance.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. Your answer is yes. I just needed 
to get a answer.
    And then, last, I do agree with Senator Kennedy as well 
about the challenge of extreme weather, what we are seeing. And 
that it is making harder for people to even secure a mortgage 
for in most vulnerable areas. What role do you think HUD should 
play in addressing the insurance crisis?
    Mr. Turner. You know, when Senator Kennedy brought that up, 
you know, it came to my attention that this is getting ready to 
be a huge issue. And I look forward to working with you and 
your team and other experts in the interest, like our Chairman, 
to see what we can do when these insurance crisis come up to 
learn as much as I can.
    Senator Blunt Rochester. I look forward to working with you 
on that, and also further discussion on the work requirements 
piece, because the one thing we don't want to see money shifted 
to--that kicks people off, and then it is used for other 
things. We want to make sure that those who are most 
vulnerable--because it just exacerbates the problem, and we 
don't want to exacerbate the problem.
    And I will end with go Eagles.
    Mr. Turner. Boo. You had to get that in. I thought her time 
was up.
    [Laughter.]
    Chairman Scott. I thought so too, to be honest with you. I 
will concede that this at least is an NFC conversation we are 
having here. That is wonderful.
    Senator McCormick.
    Senator McCormick. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Turner, good to see you.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator McCormick. It was a pleasure to meet with you in my 
office. I am excited to welcome you to Pennsylvania to see 
firsthand the housing affordability problems we have there, and 
maybe you can come to Philadelphia and Pittsburgh on your way 
to Cleveland to see Senator Moreno.
    Especially in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, we have been hit 
hard. And these metro areas rank near the bottom nationally in 
new housing unit construction. And as such, you can--not 
surprisingly the rent is up significantly, home prices are up, 
and interest rates have more than doubled. So we have got a 
real problem here in our two biggest metropolitan areas.
    You and I talked about this when we sat down about how to 
make housing more affordable, and we both agreed, I think, that 
regulations at the Federal, State, and local level have 
significantly increased the time it takes for builders to get 
the approvals they need to get new projects built.
    And so if confirmed, how do you imagine that you will be 
able to help fix, change, evolve the regulatory agenda to break 
down some of these Federal barriers in particular, and to make 
it easier to build houses and get more supply in those areas?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator McCormick, and it was great 
to meet with you.
    Again, you know, I think that bringing in the localities, 
bringing in the private sector, listening, you know, to what 
the burdens are, listening to, you know, what the barriers are, 
and being a good partner and seeing how we can decrease 
regulation. Because on my mind and my heart in here today, we 
have a crisis in our country.
    And so whatever we must do together from a Federal 
standpoint, from a State standpoint, from a local standpoint to 
reduce those barriers I am willing to listen to and bring the 
best ideas to the table to build affordable housing for our 
country.
    Senator McCormick. Well, the crisis is across all of our 
populations, particularly problematic with our veterans.
    Mr. Turner. Yes.
    Senator McCormick. As you and I discussed. As a veteran 
with a commonwealth, a State that has the fourth largest 
veterans' population, it is just shameful that we have so many 
veterans that have both honorably served our country and they 
are homeless. So HUD's supportive housing program, in 
partnership with the VA is a great initiative.
    But in essence, not enough veterans are getting the housing 
benefits they need, or that they are even eligible for. So the 
question for you is how can HUD improve its collaboration with 
the VA--and I just met with the nominee for the VA Secretary 
yesterday--to ensure that the 720,000 veterans we have in 
Pennsylvania have access to this program?
    Mr. Turner. That is a great question. And I, too, had a 
great conversation with the nominee coming into the VA. And we 
have committed to each other to working together to meet the 
need of our Nation's veterans, from HUD and from the VA.
    So if confirmed by the Committee, and also if he is 
confirmed by the Committee, we have committed to that being a 
top priority that the two agencies work together to meet the 
needs of our veterans. I said before, I have veterans in my 
family, and so this is something that is very important to me 
as well that we take care of our patriots.
    Senator McCormick. You know, I understand before I arrived 
that you had answered several questions on Opportunity Zones. 
But it was such a signature part of the first Trump 
administration and because they were so effective, what lessons 
did you learn?
    What are the kinds of things you are going to be focused on 
in the Opportunity Zones, and in particularly new learnings, 
new things from the experience you had in the first Trump 
administration?
    Mr. Turner. Great, thank you for that question. I think 
that we can capitalize and improve on the successes we had. But 
also this time getting the rules out quicker so that we know 
exactly, you know, what we are working with to give us an 
opportunity to build more affordable housing.
    I think it will be a great vehicle for us to meet the need 
of the affordable housing crisis that we have in our country.
    Also to increase the operating businesses. We saw last time 
in Opportunity Zones, when we created more operating 
businesses, more jobs were created, families were blessed, 
salaries went up. And so to create more and more of those, and 
also workforce training inside of Opportunity Zones I think 
will be a key, key, vital part of Opportunity Zones going 
forward.
    Senator McCormick. Thank you.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Chairman Scott. Thanks, Senator. And next will be Senator 
Alsobrooks.
    Senator Alsobrooks. First I would like to say thank you to 
Chair Scott and Ranking Member Warren for your leadership on 
this Committee, for today's hearing, and for the privilege to 
serve on this Committee.
    The Banking Committee has jurisdiction over many important 
issues for Marylanders, including housing, transit, and access 
to capital. I look forward to working with both of you and all 
of our colleagues on this Committee to address the economic 
challenges facing our Nation.
    To Mr. Turner, congratulations to you and to your family on 
your nomination. And thank you for your willingness to serve as 
our Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. I know the 
moment is short, I have been warned already, and so I would 
just request if possible a simple yes or no some of the 
following questions.
    First of all, your role will be important as we seek to 
bring down prices and expand economic opportunity for every 
American. And I want to highlight two very important programs. 
We recognize an economic opportunity is directly tied to 
housing affordability for people of all income levels.
    First, two programs you have heard about already, the HUD 
programs in particular, community development block grant, as 
well as the HOME Investment Partnerships Program. In 2024, 
Maryland received $52 million through CDBG funding, as well as 
$18 million through the HOME Investment Partnership Program in 
2024.
    The HOME Investment Partnership Program in particular is 
the Department's flagship program and the only Federal block 
grant that is dedicated exclusively to the production of 
affordable housing for low income households.
    As you know, the housing shortage has been one of the most 
persistent contributions to inflation, and like the rest of the 
country, Maryland faces an affordability crisis and is short 
nearly 100,000 housing units.
    The previous Trump administration has repeatedly proposed 
cuts to HUD's budget. Will you oppose funding cuts to CDBG and 
HOME programs?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. And I am sorry that we 
didn't get the opportunity to meet, albeit, you know, it was a 
scheduling conflict, but I am happy to meet you today.
    What I will commit to is looking at these programs and to 
maximize the budget. As you know, Congress holds the purse 
strings to the budget. My job, if confirmed as Secretary, is to 
maximize that budget to meet the needs of our country, to serve 
those we have been called to serve. And so I do commit to that.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you. Well, you will have an 
opportunity, if you are confirmed as Secretary, to oppose cuts 
to these important programs, and so my question is would you 
oppose cuts to these two important programs?
    Mr. Turner. What I will do is I will work with the 
President, I will work with Congress, and I will work with this 
team to make sure that the budget that we do have meets the 
needs of those that we are commissioned to serve.
    Senator Alsobrooks. The affordable housing crisis affects 
Americans of all demographics in red States and blue States, 
and so will you commit to working with and consulting Congress 
on a bipartisan basis?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, I believe working with Congress is very 
important, and to be transparent with Congress is very 
important. So yes, I do commit to working with you all if 
confirmed by the Committee.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you. Now, former Trump 
administration HUD Secretary Ben Carson, who you have called a 
mentor, has called for placing political appointees, rather 
than career, experienced officials, in many apolitical senior 
HUD leadership roles. Do you agree with this approach?
    Mr. Turner. What I do agree with, as being a leader, you 
have to look at your team holistically. And if confirmed by 
this Committee, I do plan on looking at the team at HUD to see 
who and what we have and making sure that we have the best team 
in place to carry out the mission of HUD.
    I have been on a lot of teams in my life, and you know, I 
have also been cut from teams, so I understand what that means. 
But at the end of the day----
    Senator Alsobrooks. If I can, and I am sorry, because the 
hour is short, you don't want me, in other words, on your 
football team if I don't have experience on the basis of my 
political affiliation. So the question is just would you 
prioritize political affiliation over experience?
    Mr. Turner. What I will do is get the best qualified people 
for the job.
    Senator Alsobrooks. OK. And, finally, on a Federal 
workforce question, Maryland is home to more than 135,000 
Federal workers who work hard every day, and the official 
Department of Government Efficiency led by Elon Musk and Vivek 
Ramaswamy has proposed laying off 75 percent of Government 
workers. Do you support firing 75 percent of HUD employees?
    Mr. Turner. What I do support is encouraging people to do 
the job that they have been called to do. But also, I don't 
want to encourage people to do something I am not willing to 
do. I will take the lead in that. And again, having the best 
people at the right time to do the job is my goal.
    Senator Alsobrooks. Thank you.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you, ma'am.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, ma'am.
    Chairman Scott. Senator Ricketts.
    Senator Ricketts. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, and 
congratulations on the new role, and Ranking Member Warren, 
thank you very much.
    I look forward to working with both of you on this 
important Committee to address the issues with regard to our 
economic national security, the wellbeing of our economy and 
the financial security of Americans, and looking forward to how 
we can work to cut the Federal red tape around our Federal 
housing programs and make them effective and efficient.
    And Mr. Turner, thank you very much for your past service 
to our country and interest in--and your interest in continuing 
to serve our country here, and thank you to your family for 
being willing to sacrifice along with you as you do this.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Ricketts. As you are aware, we have talked about it 
a lot, affordable housing is just a critical national issue 
right now. And each State's particular housing needs are going 
to be different, right. It is going to be different between 
Nebraska and New York.
    And in my home State of Nebraska, a lot of our shortage has 
to do with available housing, not just affordable housing. So 
it is across the economic spectrum. And it is both urban and 
rural. And you have mentioned the rural part, and I appreciate 
that.
    You know, Nebraskans have been hard at work to make sure 
that, you know, all Americans can achieve the American dream of 
owning that household. When I was Governor, one of the things 
we did is we passed a bill, our Rural Workforce Housing Fund, 
which we set aside $7 million that then communities, 
nonprofits, developers could apply for grants to be able to use 
that.
    One of the most effective ways we saw this is that they 
would turn it into low interest loans to be able to help the 
developers and the cities work together to be able to create 
either single family homes or multifamily dwellings. And then 
once that was accomplished, would pay the money back and then 
it could be used for another project.
    And in fact that was so successful, 3 years later we added 
another $10 million to that program. And then we also then re-
upped that, a similar type of program with our Middle Income 
Workforce Housing Fund that was more focused on urban areas.
    And then we also, I also gave priority to Opportunity 
Zones. You have talked a lot about that. We put State funds and 
dedicated from our State affordable housing trust fund to be 
able to help expand Opportunity Zones. I think that is a great 
opportunity that you mentioned.
    And then I also signed into law expanded low income housing 
tax credits to be able to incentivize private developers to 
build affordable housing. So all these are things that, you 
know, we did in Nebraska to be able to try and address some of 
these issues.
    And I point those out because, again, every State is going 
to be different. What I would like to have you address is how 
do you plan on working with States and local governments to 
leverage what the Federal programs are and Federal resources?
    But how can you work with States like Nebraska, and how 
might that be different from other States to be able to 
develop, you know, affordable housing? And how can you make 
sure that that States retain as much autonomy as possible to be 
able to address these needs while working with them?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator Ricketts. It was great 
visiting with you.
    I think that is simple. As the Chairman mentioned before, 
you know, going to the people, going to the States and 
listening to see, you know, what has been successful in 
Nebraska, and taking note to say to if this has been 
successful, then being supportive of that and getting the 
Government out of the way. Getting the Federal Government out 
of the way and allow you and your State and other States around 
the country to do those things that have brought them great 
success as it pertains to affordable housing.
    Senator Ricketts. I obviously wasn't here for a lot of the 
previous testimony, so I apologize if I am repeating a question 
here, but you know, you led President Trump's White House 
Opportunity Revitalization Council. You worked to promote the 
Opportunity Zones. You have mentioned them a couple times here.
    Is this a policy you want to carry forward with you as HUD 
Secretary if you are confirmed? And are there changes to the 
program you would make based on upon your previous experience?
    Mr. Turner. It absolutely is a policy we want to carry 
forward because the impact of it was tremendous. And obviously 
you know, in every policy, every piece of legislation, every 
program that has been successful, there is always things you 
can tweak.
    And we talked about watching film earlier. You know, we 
have the first round of Opportunity Zones, so we got a lot of 
film on it and the improvements that we could make.
    You know, take the successes of it and do them better. 
Hopefully we can get the rules out quicker, you know, we can 
increase operating businesses. But also, use it as a platform 
to build more affordable housing and create jobs in our 
country.
    Senator Ricketts. So how do you propose to incentivize 
States like Nebraska to be able to work with you on your 
priorities and get them willing to put in State funds in tandem 
with the Federal policies?
    Mr. Turner. I think, you know, when you ask people to work 
with you, you have to show some success. You have to show that 
you are transparent, that you are willing to do what it takes 
to be efficient. And I think when people see your successes and 
what you are putting forward, they are more apt to work with 
you.
    And so to go to States like Nebraska and lay out a plan of 
what we want to do from a HUD standpoint and work with you and 
other States I think will create a great partnership going 
forward to meet the mission of HUD.
    Senator Ricketts. OK. Well, one of the things we talked 
about was Americans experiencing homelessness and helping them 
find a safe and stable home. So obviously the heart of HUD's 
mission is to be able to do that. And it has been a bipartisan 
priority.
    HUD's 2024 Point-in-Time count identified 771,480 people 
experiencing homelessness, an 18 percent increase from the 
previous year and the highest number ever recorded. I know I am 
just running out of time here, but just, can you give me just a 
high level how will you use your office and your platform here 
to be able to reduce homelessness?
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, thank you, and I am very familiar 
with that report. To take inventory of the homelessness in our 
country and the programs that we provide at HUD, what is 
working and what is not. And also to engage, you know, the 
localities and organizations, including faith-based and others 
that are successful around the country and partner with them.
    Senator Ricketts. OK, thank you.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you, Senator.
    Senator Warnock.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you, Chairman Scott, and 
congratulations.
    Chairman Scott. Appreciate it.
    Senator Warnock. And I congratulate not only you but 
Ranking Member Warren on your selections to lead this important 
Committee. I look forward to working with you on the important 
housing needs of Georgians.
    Mr. Turner, welcome back.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, sir.
    Senator Warnock. And welcome not only to you but also to 
your family. I enjoyed our conversation earlier this week.
    I often tell people that I am a product of good public 
policy. I think about that often. I have worked hard, but I 
wouldn't be sitting where I am, where I am sitting, without 
some help, some ladders. Good public policy. I grew up in 
public housing, and I understand the security and dignity that 
housing provides children and families.
    Mr. Turner, do you believe home ownership provides dignity, 
security, and access to generational wealth?
    Mr. Turner. I do.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you so much, I agree. And 
unfortunately, during the first Trump administration, 
President-elect Trump repeatedly proposed to slash HUD's 
budget, including cuts and the full elimination of key HUD 
programs that help people afford rent and realize the dream of 
home ownership, which you and I agree is so important.
    If enacted, these cuts would have raised housing costs for 
millions of American families. Last time, Congress stepped in 
year after year to save many of these programs. This time I am 
not so sure that we will be able to do it.
    Mr. Turner, if confirmed, will you commit to being a voice, 
a voice in the Administration against severe cuts to HUD's 
budget at a challenging time, including programs that help 
people afford rent and home ownership?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator. What I do commit to, you 
know, you and your colleagues in Congress, you hold the purse 
strings. Obviously the President presents his budget 
appropriations. You know, they present the budget and you all 
vote on it and the President signs it into law.
    My job and my goal if confirmed by the Committee, 
obviously, is to maximize that budget to meet the needs of the 
American people and to carry forth the programs at HUD.
    Senator Warnock. But will----
    Mr. Turner. So I do commit that to you.
    Senator Warnock. Will you be a voice to hold the line to 
protect programs that provide the dignity of home ownership and 
make rent affordable for working-class people, for poor people?
    Mr. Turner. I do commit to having those conversations with 
the President and with Congress as it pertains to being 
Ambassador and a voice for HUD and to maximize the budget that 
we are given to make sure those programs are efficient and 
meeting the needs of the American people. I do commit that to 
you.
    Senator Warnock. All right. I know you can be a voice. You 
are a preacher, they didn't mention that. Everybody is talking 
about the football player.
    Mr. Turner. Yeah, and we only have 2 minutes, you got to 
your second point.
    Senator Warnock. And you are a preacher and elected 
official, both of us, so, loquacious of speech.
    Mr. Turner. Yes.
    Senator Warnock. But this is a serious issue.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Senator Warnock. Because the racial home ownership gap has 
been widening over the last few years. Yesterday we celebrated 
Dr. King's actual birthday, Monday is the holiday. And folks 
often talk about those two key civil rights bills, the 
accommodations law in '64, civil rights laws, Voting Rights law 
in '65. We don't talk enough about Fair Housing.
    That is a victory of Dr. King's. That law was signed into--
it was signed into law just a few days after his assassination. 
But that is a result of his work.
    The first Trump administration sought to weaken and even 
rescind landmark fair housing laws, laws pushed through by Dr. 
King. If confirmed, you would be responsible for enforcing 
these fair housing laws.
    If confirmed, will you commit to vigorous enforcement of 
the Nation's fair housing laws, yes or no?
    Mr. Turner. Yes.
    Senator Warnock. And would you be a strong voice in the 
Administration in favor of protecting existing fair housing 
laws from efforts to weaken them or roll them back?
    Mr. Turner. I do commit to upholding the fair housing laws, 
yes, sir.
    Senator Warnock. So one of the overlooked drivers of racial 
wealth inequity within our housing system is the very well-
documented pattern of lenders and the appraisal market 
persistently assessing the value of Black and Brown homes lower 
than White homeowners. You and I discussed this a little bit 
the other day in my office.
    And my staff sent you some background information and data 
on appraisal bias. This is real money, hurting real people. In 
part at my urging, the Biden administration took steps to crack 
down on appraisal bias, with HUD leading an interagency effort.
    If confirmed, will you commit to continue to use HUD's 
tools and authorities to crack down on appraisal bias, 
including by continuing to provide consumers with data to push 
back on suspected bias?
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, Senator, thank you for the 
information that you sent. I have begun to read and I look 
forward to exploring that more with you. And as I said before, 
I do commit to upholding the law as it is on the book against 
all illegal discrimination.
    Senator Warnock. Including appraisal bias?
    Mr. Turner. We will continue to look into that, and I look 
forward to working with you on that and become more well-
studied. Thank you.
    Senator Warnock. Thank you very much, and I hope you will 
continue HUD's important work on this matter, even as we go 
into this weekend of celebrating Dr. King's birthday.
    Mr. Turner. Thank you, sir.
    Chairman Scott. Thank you, Senator Warnock. That concludes 
the question-and-answer portion of today's hearing. Prior to 
adjourning, I have some final housekeeping announcements.
    Before I do that, though, thank you for being with us 
today, Mr. Turner.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir.
    Chairman Scott. For Senators, we allow on questions for the 
record, you must submit them by noon tomorrow, January 17. Let 
me repeat that, that is 12 p.m. tomorrow.
    And for our witnesses--for our witness, please respond by 
Sunday, January 19th at 5 p.m. to the written questions you 
receive in order to facilitate this Committee promptly 
processing this nomination. Your ability to adhere to that is 
really important.
    Mr. Turner. Yes, sir, thank you.
    Chairman Scott. With that, this hearing is adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 12:27 p.m., the hearing was adjourned.]
    [Prepared statements, biographical sketch of nominee, and 
responses to written questions supplied for the record follow:]
                PREPARED STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN TIM SCOTT
    First, I'd like to take the time to say I'm very grateful to my 
Republican colleagues for allowing me to serve as the Chairman for this 
119th Congress.
    I'd like to welcome our new Members to the United States Committee 
on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs. Let me suggest that this is not 
simply the Banking Committee. Without any question, urban affairs and 
housing are critical to meeting the needs and the objectives of the 
American people. Our new Members include Senator Pete Ricketts, Senator 
Jim Banks, Senator Bernie Moreno, Senator Dave McCormick, Senator Andy 
Kim, Senator Gallego, Senator Lisa Blunt Rochester, and Senator Angela 
Alsobrooks.
    I look forward to working with our Ranking Member, Elizabeth 
Warren, on addressing some of the issues that our Nation will face. 
Without any question, my hope is that in many ways, we'll have an 
opportunity to have a bipartisan conversation, looking for bipartisan 
solutions to many of the issues. That will probably not likely be the 
case all the time, but it can't be the case some of the time.
    And when it is, we should look for ways to achieve that objective 
for the American people.
    The American people seen their economic fortunes turned to dust. 
The devastation of the Biden administration's policies led to mortgage 
rates going from 2.65 percent in January 2021 to 7.79 percent by 
October 2023, crushing dreams of millions of Americans wanting to be 
homeowners. Draining savings of so many people. Devastating hope around 
the greatest country on the planet.
    Reckless spending was literally stealing the spending power of so 
many Americans. I remember these similar days when I was growing up as 
a poor kid in a single parent household. Home ownership was just so far 
away for me and my mom--it just wasn't an option. Housing isn't just 
about shelter--housing is about opportunity, and it is about stability. 
Housing creates the foundation for achieving the American Dream.
    It's about creating strong communities where families can thrive 
and build a better, brighter future. Under the Biden administration and 
progressive leadership, HUD spending at the same time soared to record 
levels. And yet the latest homelessness survey found an 18 percent 
increase in just the last 12 months, 33 percent increase since 2020. 
Since President Biden took office, mortgage rates have ballooned by 150 
percent and rents by 20 percent.
    Despite all the subsidies and all the trillions of dollars they 
spent, not much good has happened. I've said it before, and I'll say it 
again, if you look at the big picture--African American home ownership 
and the levels have not changed substantially since 1968, when the Fair 
Housing Act was passed. The data is clear--the American Dream of home 
ownership is slipping further and further away.
    But today, it is a new day in America, and new leadership brings 
hope and opportunity and enthusiasm back to the American people. Scott 
Turner is a native Texan who has had an exceptional journey from 
professional athlete to public servant. He understands firsthand the 
importance of hard work and what it means, as he was a dishwasher when 
he was in high school.
    He also understands the challenge that families face because of 
drug addiction within the family. He worked his butt off and had a very 
successful NFL career. He played cornerback for nine seasons. He played 
for the Denver Broncos, the San Diego Chargers and the Washington 
Redskins.
    You know, for a guy who now spends too much time in Washington, DC, 
I always thought DC met Dallas Cowboys. I apologize, I apologize. I 
know that's going because a lot of bad e-mails coming my way. But, Mr. 
Turner, I will not hold that against you that you play for the 
Redskins.
    I know you're here to serve the American people, and sometimes two 
different sides have to come together to make something positive and 
powerful happen for other people. One thing I have found to be 
completely clear about who you are, and I met you many years ago. You 
never give up--I don't think giving up is in your vocabulary. And we 
need a visionary leader just like that at HUD.
    After hanging up your cleats, Mr. Turner, you spent two terms in 
the State legislature in Texas. You recently were the executive 
director, as Senator Cornyn said, of the White House Opportunity and 
Revitalization Council under President Trump. In this role, you helped 
the Opportunity Zones that I wrote become a very successful program, 
with over $50 billion in private investment going into Opportunity 
Zones--devastated communities, typically majority minority--seeing 
revitalization and rehabilitation become a reality without gentrifying 
those communities.
    As a former Chairman of the county council in Charleston, South 
Carolina, I can tell you that the vast majority, the vast majority of 
housing issues must be solved at the local level. But there are things 
that we can do here in Congress to address the affordability crisis. 
And that role is getting Government out of the way as often as 
possible.
    This is why I introduced my ROAD to Housing Act in Congress. And I 
am so thankful for so many supporters in this room of that bill. I've 
seen firsthand the negative impact of renting your house only to give 
it back, and that is, in a few short words, the 2008 crisis. Let's not 
relive the mistakes of the past, but instead forge a new path for 
everyday Americans.
    This commonsense bill takes a comprehensive view of Federal housing 
policy and recenters support around families, helping those who are 
homeless, those who are renting, and those who will be homeowners. I 
look forward to marking up this bill in the weeks ahead and working 
with my colleagues on a bipartisan framework so that we can make sure 
that all segments of the housing market get the necessary attention to 
move forward.
    As we start this new chapter, we need new leadership. Scott Turner 
is the solution we are looking for and I look forward to his leadership 
at the Department of Housing and Urban Development.
                                 ______
                                 
         PREPARED STATEMENT OF RANKING MEMBER ELIZABETH WARREN
    Today is our first hearing together as Committee Chair and Ranking 
Member. I want to offer my congratulations to you, Mr. Chairman. While 
I don't want to paper over our differences, I want to assure you--and 
every Member here--that I will work with you to advance our shared 
policy priorities.
    We can find some common ground. As Ranking Member, my focus will be 
the same as all Democrats: We will work to unrig the economy and make 
life affordable for working families.
    There are three critical areas where we should focus. First, we 
must make sure the financial system works for all Americans. Preventing 
``too-big-to-fail'' banks from loading up on risks and growing even 
bigger. Protecting community banks. And making our financial 
regulations simpler and stronger.
    I support action here. But not all action is good action. I will 
fight tooth and nail against attempts to make it easier for Wall Street 
to rip off consumers or crash the financial system.
    We all remember what happened under the first Trump administration. 
Congress and the President weakened rules on big banks. The Nation's 
financial regulators took the hint and went to sleep. Executives got 
greedy, and--no surprise--a few years later, in 2023, we had the 
second, third, and fourth largest bank failures in our Nation's 
history. Those mistakes cannot be repeated.
    Second, we must advance the Nation's economic and national 
security. We must use export controls, trade policy, sanctions, and 
other levers to support economic security at home and promote our 
values abroad. We must protect our financial system from being 
exploited by criminals, rogue States, and terrorists. And we must grow 
American industry, invest in critical infrastructure, and build 
resilient supply chains at home.
    Third, we must focus on lowering costs for working families. The 
Committee must hold giant corporations accountable when they gouge 
families. We should partner with the Consumer Financial Protection 
Bureau and other law enforcement agencies to continue the fight against 
junk fees and anticompetitive pricing.
    We also must work to fix our housing system. All across this 
country, housing costs too much. This is Econ 101: supply and demand. 
We are not building enough housing. We need more housing everywhere, 
for everyone: big cities, small towns, first-time homebuyers, renters, 
seniors, veterans, students, people with disabilities. Everyone, 
everywhere.
    We need to make some big changes. To really move the needle, the 
Federal Government needs to be a good partner, investing in affordable 
housing and spurring local innovation to cut red tape.
    And we can--and should--do even more. It's time to crack down on 
corporate landlords that engage in illegal price fixing to drive up 
rents. To stop private equity firms from squeezing families and buying 
huge swaths of housing they turn into overpriced rentals.
    Solving the housing crisis will require an all-hands-on-deck 
effort. And that brings us to today's hearing, on the nomination of 
Scott Turner to be Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
    Mr. Turner, if you are confirmed, you will lead the response to our 
Nation's housing crisis.
    I have appreciated our conversations so far. And if you are 
confirmed, I will work with you however I can. But we face an enormous 
task to reduce the cost of housing. Our work is urgently important for 
tens of millions of American families.
    You have a limited public record. The American people need to hear 
details about your plans to make housing affordable.

    They need to hear your plans for building the millions of 
        homes that America needs.

    They need to hear how you will support renters and make 
        sure that seniors and families that can't afford rent will 
        receive the assistance they need.

    They need to hear your plans to help the 800,000 Americans 
        experiencing homelessness.

    They need to hear your plans to enforce the Nation's fair 
        housing laws.

    They need to hear how you will crack down on greedy 
        corporate landlords and manage an agency that provides critical 
        support for homeowners, renters, and communities across the 
        country.

    This hearing is an opportunity for you to lay out your plans. I 
also sent you a 13-page letter with 75 questions earlier this week. I 
trust that you will give me answers to those detailed questions before 
we vote on your nomination. General principles are not enough--the nuts 
and bolts of how to make real change matter.
    Mr. Turner, I'm looking forward to your testimony today--and I hope 
you will give the American people a clear sense of your plans to run 
HUD.
                                 ______
                                 
                PREPARED STATEMENT OF ERIC SCOTT TURNER
      To Be Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development
                            January 16, 2025
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you to all the Members of the 
Committee for your thoughts, your engagement, and your ideas on 
rebuilding the American dream for our Nation's forgotten communities. 
It was a pleasure to visit with nearly all of the Committee Members. I 
hope the conversations we had are just the beginning of what I trust 
will be a true partnership.
    I would also like to take a moment to thank my wife, Robin, for her 
unwavering support over the last nearly three decades that we have been 
together.
    And I want to thank President Trump for his confidence and for 
nominating me for this pivotal position.
    I sit before you today as the nominee to lead the Department of 
Housing and Urban Development. But deep down, this opportunity is very 
personal to me.
    You see, I grew up a kid in Plano and Richardson, Texas.
    Who worked as a dishwasher at Spring Creek Barbeque.
    Early on in childhood, whose family was broken due to divorce, with 
the odds stacked against him.
    Who overcame adversity and bucked the status quo to attend and 
graduate from college.
    Who, in spite of being drafted in the 7th round, went on to have a 
successful career in the National Football League.
    Who went on to serve in the Texas State Legislature, which was a 
great honor.
    And work in the White House to advance the Opportunity Zone 
initiative.
    As I sit before you today, I am humbled by the call to serve my 
country as a member of President Trump's cabinet.
    I know my upbringing and background are not completely unique. 
There are many in this country--some sitting in this room today--who at 
one point or another had to overcome adversity of all kinds. We have 
all been there. And recognizing this, I hope we can work together for 
the betterment of all Americans and the American Dream.
    I share my story with you because the challenges that HUD faces are 
vital to our Nation as well as personal to me. They're not just things 
I hear about and read about. These are experiences that members of my 
family and I have seen and lived. And that perspective is something I 
can bring to the table.
    HUD's mission is to create strong and sustainable communities and 
support quality affordable homes--serving the most vulnerable of our 
Nation.
    Yet, as we sit here, we have a housing crisis in our country, where 
American people and families are struggling every day. HUD is failing 
at its most basic mission.
    Take the Point-in-Time homelessness figures HUD released several 
weeks ago. On one single night, there were 770,000 Americans 
experiencing homelessness. Let that sink in: 770,000 homeless 
Americans. That's not only an all-time high, it's an increase of 32 
percent from just 2 years ago. That's a national embarrassment and 
something that cannot continue.
    As a country, we're not building enough housing. We need millions 
more homes of all kinds, single family, apartments, condos, duplexes, 
manufactured housing, you name it, so individuals and families can have 
a roof over their heads and a place to call home.
    Then there's the HUD workforce. Every report I've seen shows HUD at 
the bottom when it comes to employees returning to work. We need to 
bring the HUD staff back to the office so that they are empowered to 
serve the American people.
    But this moment is not just about fixing what's broken, it's about 
continuing and expanding the policies from the first Trump 
administration--policies that worked. I was fortunate to help lead the 
White House Opportunity and Revitalization Council. There, I saw 
firsthand the impact of Opportunity Zones, policies that give Americans 
in distressed communities an opportunity. A foundation. A chance to 
start a business. To build new homes. To be self-sustaining. To be 
self-confident and to unleash that promise and potential that I know 
the Lord blesses us all with.
    When I played in the NFL, we relied on game films to identify our 
mistakes and areas for improvement. I spent hours poring over the tapes 
to identify the smallest weaknesses in my game and determine what I 
could do to improve. The film told the story of my performance--cutting 
through the noise and focusing on results.
    If I am confirmed as Secretary, I want to bring this same approach 
to the work we do at HUD because each day we have an opportunity to 
improve and better serve the American people.
    Senators, this is a clarion call. Poverty has no party. 
Homelessness has no party. It doesn't see red or blue. My call is to be 
a steward, a champion, an ambassador. I want to lift up the stories of 
all the forgotten Americans. And I want to work with you to do it.
    My heart is ready to serve. I thank God for allowing me this 
opportunity. And I want to thank all of you on the Committee for your 
kindness and consideration.
    Thank you.
    
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