[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                  FASTER DECISIONS, STRONGER OUTCOMES:
                      VA'S WORK TO STREAMLINE THE
                       DISABILITY CLAIMS BACKLOG
=======================================================================

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                       WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 2026

                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-54

                               __________

       Printed for the use of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs
       
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]       


                    Available via http://govinfo.gov
                    
                              __________
                    
                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE
64-343                     WASHINGTON : 2026
=======================================================================
                
                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     MIKE BOST, Illinois, Chairman

AUMUA AMATA COLEMAN RADEWAGEN,       MARK TAKANO, California, Ranking 
    American Samoa, Vice-Chairwoman      Member
JACK BERGMAN, Michigan               JULIA BROWNLEY, California
NANCY MACE, South Carolina           CHRIS PAPPAS, New Hampshire
MARIANNETTE MILLER-MEEKS, Iowa       SHEILA CHERFILUS-MCCORMICK, 
GREGORY F. MURPHY, North Carolina        Florida
DERRICK VAN ORDEN, Wisconsin         MORGAN MCGARVEY, Kentucky
MORGAN LUTTRELL, Texas               DELIA RAMIREZ, Illinois
JUAN CISCOMANI, Arizona              NIKKI BUDZINSKI, Illinois
KEITH SELF, Texas                    TIMOTHY M. KENNEDY, New York
JEN KIGGANS, Virginia                MAXINE DEXTER, Oregon
ABE HAMADEH, Arizona                 HERB CONAWAY, New Jersey
KIMBERLYN KING-HINDS, Northern       KELLY MORRISON, Minnesota
    Mariana Islands
TOM BARRETT, Michigan

                       Jon Clark, Staff Director
                  Matt Reel, Democratic Staff Director

Pursuant to clause 2(e)(4) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House, public 
hearing records of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs are also 
published in electronic form. The printed hearing record remains the 
official version. Because electronic submissions are used to prepare 
both printed and electronic versions of the hearing record, the process 
of converting between various electronic formats may introduce 
unintentional errors or omissions. Such occurrences are inherent in the 
current publication process and should diminish as the process is 
further refined.
                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                       WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 2026

                                                                   Page

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

The Honorable Mike Bost, Chairman................................     1
The Honorable Mark Takano, Ranking Member........................     3

                               WITNESSES
                                Panel I

Ms. Margarita Devlin, MA, CRC, Principal Deputy Under Secretary 
  for Benefits, Veterans Benefits Administration, U.S. Department 
  of Veterans Affairs............................................     5

        Accompanied by:

    Ms. Sandra Flint, Deputy Under Secretary for Field 
        Operations, Veterans Benefits Administration, U.S. 
        Department of Veterans Affairs

                                APPENDIX
                    Prepared Statements Of Witnesses

Ms. Margarita Devlin, MA, CRC Prepared Statement.................    33

                       Statements For The Record

Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States Prepared Statement.    35
American Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO Prepared 
  Statement......................................................    38
The Honorable Abe Hamadeh, U.S. House of Representatives, (AZ-08) 
  Prepared Statement.............................................    41
Questions for the Record Submitted by The Honorable Mark Takano, 
  U.S. House of Representatives, (CA-39).........................    43
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Response to Questions for the 
  Record.........................................................    49

 
                  FASTER DECISIONS, STRONGER OUTCOMES:
                      VA'S WORK TO STREAMLINE THE
                       DISABILITY CLAIMS BACKLOG

                              ----------                              


                       WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 2026


                    Committee on Veterans' Affairs,
                             U.S. House of Representatives,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:15 a.m., in 
room 360, Cannon House Office Building, Hon. Mike Bost 
(chairman of the committee) presiding.
    Present: Representatives Bost, Bergman, Miller-Meeks, Van 
Orden, Luttrell, Self, Barrett, Takano, Brownley, McGarvey, 
Ramirez, Kennedy, Dexter, Conaway, and Morrison.

            OPENING STATEMENT OF MIKE BOST, CHAIRMAN

    The Chairman. Good morning. The Committee will come to 
order. Without objection the Chair will--may declare a recess 
at any time. I want to thank everyone for joining us here 
today. You are going to notice that members, I think, will be 
flowing in and out. We are here today to discuss some good news 
that the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has. I want 
to--but I want to first acknowledge some situations that are 
occurring here in Congress and some concerns that certain 
members have. We want to make sure we keep them in our prayers. 
I want to first acknowledge the seriousness of the super 
typhoon that is hitting Sinkalu, a dangerous Category 4 
hurricane affecting the Northern Mariana islands. 
Representative King Hines represents that great, the great 
people of that territory. I ask that we all keep in--her and 
them in our thoughts and prayers.
    Also one of our members, Nancy Mace, lost her father, who 
actually was an amazing, was an amazing war hero from the 
Vietnam era. We want to remember their family as well.
    With that, I want to thank you all for being here and turn 
to the subject that we are going to have here today. Thanks to 
the strong leadership of Secretary Collins and the President 
Trump, the backlogs of veterans waiting for a decision for VA 
for their benefits has decreased dramatically. That is great 
news. In fact, the backlog has dropped by more than 57 percent 
since the start of the Trump administration, decreasing by over 
150,000 claims since the end of the Biden administration.
    Under the last administration, VA saw a 24 percent increase 
in the disability claims backlog. That dysfunction left 
veterans and their families waiting far too long for their 
early--their earned benefits. However, in 2025, VA processed a 
record setting 3 million disability Compensation and Pension 
(C&P) claims. These accomplishments are a testament to what 
hard work--hard working men and women at the VA can do under 
the right leadership. VA reported accuracy has improved from 
91.6 percent in October 2024 to 93.5 percent in September 2025. 
That is a step in the right direction.
    Maintaining high quality decisions remains a core concern 
of mine. In 2025, Office of Inspector General (OIG) published 
its investigation on a senior Veterans Service Representative 
(SVSR) at the Philadelphia Regional Office. This employee 
personally authorized 85,000 claims from 2022 until 2024 under 
the Biden administration. Now let us be clear that this is 19 
times the national average. The SVSR spent 4.7 minutes on each 
claim. Let me say that again; 4.7 minutes on each claim. The 
national average is 21 minutes. OIG estimate these error 
results in two--that these errors resulted in $2.2 million in 
improper payments. VA has assured me that new leadership is in 
place to ensure this never happens again, but OIG 
recommendations remain open.
    I look forward to a timely update on the case from VA to me 
and my staff. President Trump has a singular focus; making sure 
government runs better, cutting through red tape and political 
bureaucracy, and empowering the regular folks at the agency who 
help our government run. This administration knows quality 
matters. We are moving in the right direction but I look 
forward to our hearing more from our witnesses today on how the 
VA plans to sustain these gains. I support the targeted use of 
mandatory overtime, but we need permanent solutions and long 
term planning.
    I also want to thank our friends at the Veterans Benefits 
Administration (VBA) for their partnership in improving the 
processing of survivor benefits. Due to the recent rule change 
VBA now processes Dependency and Indemnity Compensation (DIC) 
and survivor pensions together, ensuring eligible survivors 
receive the higher of the two benefits which they should. VA 
also moves the Office of Survivor's Assistance back to the 
Office of the Secretary where it was first promised that it 
would be so that they could have the constant ear of whoever 
the Secretary might be ensuring survivors issues are accounted 
for across the VA. Those changes help real people now. I look 
forward to hearing from our witnesses today about these changes 
and the use of modernization tools Congress has provided to VA 
to get veterans their decisions faster.
    Now I want to thank Ms. Margarita Devlin for being here 
today. Ms. Devlin is the Principal Deputy Under Secretary for 
Benefits of VBA, performing the delegable duties of the 
Undersecretary for Benefits. She oversees the VBA which 
delivers the full array of non-medical benefits to service 
members, veterans, their families and their survivors. Ms. 
Devlin is accompanied by Ms. Sandra Flint, Acting Deputy Under 
Secretary for Field Operations. VBA runs a nationwide network 
of 56 regional offices, overseas delivery of more than $194 
billion in benefits to over 6 million beneficiaries. VBA plays 
an important role and that role is only going to grow.
    Many of these benefits and processes were designed in the 
1950's. It is important that we have a VA that leverages 
innovative technologies and approaches to improve outcome for 
our veterans today and tomorrow. To know I know we are all 
looking forward to hearing from Ms. Devlin. Ranking member, I 
now recognize you for your opening statement.

        OPENING STATEMENT OF MARK TAKANO, RANKING MEMBER

    Mr. Takano. Well, good morning. Thank you Mr. Chairman. 
Good morning everyone. Thank you for being here today as we 
examine the timeliness of VA disability claims decisions. 
Veterans need, want, and deserve a timely decision on their 
claims. Access to earned benefits and care can mean the 
difference between financial stability and better health or a 
life of hardship. I say that without exaggeration. Yes, it is 
welcome news that the disability claims backlog has returned to 
its pre-pandemic level. Veterans also deserve an honest 
accounting of how we got here and why the backlog ballooned 
over the last few years.
    Now, the backlog did not materialize out of thin air, nor 
was its trajectory a mystery. It reflects two major events. As 
you can see on this chart behind me, we hit a peak of roughly 
425,000 claims in the summer of 2024. That is right here. It 
has been trending downward ever since. It is a very dramatic 
trend downward. There are two prominent spikes that occurred 
before. The first spike is in the beginning of 2020, which is 
the pandemic. It was driven by the COVID pandemic, which no one 
could have predicted.
    The second is beginning in 2022, following the passage of 
the Honoring Our Pact Act. That second increase was not a 
failure, was not because of a failure or due to bureaucratic 
malfeasance or, as the chairman mentioned, some dysfunction. It 
was anticipated and intentional. When President Joe Biden 
signed the Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our 
Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act in 2022, the 
summer of 2022, the goal was not to suppress claims or to keep 
numbers low. The goal was just the opposite. VA accelerated 
implementation and surged resources to encourage veterans to 
come forward and file. Actually, the President, I think, 
actually signed some sort of executive action which made 
veterans, cohorts of veterans eligible sooner. You know, what 
the actions of the President and Secretary at that time meant 
was that it ensured that veterans could secure their date of 
claim and their place in line and as quickly as possible.
    In other words, the backlog increase reflected increased 
access. It reflected veterans finally getting into the system, 
many for the very first time, after years of being shut out. 
Now, VA's own projections from October 2022 anticipated all 
this. Now, I have a second chart up here. This was created by 
VA just after the passage of the Pact Act in August 2022. It 
shows projections for claims inventory and backlogs based on 
the then new law. You can see a projected peak of about 450,000 
backlog claims in October 2023. That is right here. It drops to 
roughly 100,000 claims in February 2025.
    Now, and this is the projection, but in the real, in real 
life, in the real world, you know, we get to 100,000 a few 
months after the projected date. I will remind you, this was a 
projection that was created by VA just after the passage of the 
PACT Act in August. All told, VA's projections were pretty 
accurate, albeit a shift to the right just a few months from 
what we saw in the real world. Now, what we are seeing today, 
you know, the victory lap that is being touted in this hearing 
is not the result of some extraordinary turnaround by the new 
administration. It is largely the system and hardworking VA 
employees performing as expected under the weight of expanded 
eligibility and long overdue access.
    Now, that context matters, especially as we hear VA 
boasting and taking credit for a trend that was already 
happening. There is more to the story. There is a growing 
concern about a distinct shift of emphasis to quantity over 
quality at the department. Processing speed has become the 
headline metric. Veterans do not experience the VA system as a 
metric. They experience it as a decision that is either right 
or wrong from their perspective. If it is wrong, the 
consequences are significant, including a denial of a veteran's 
access to health care. Veterans deserve to know what the 
opportunity costs are of the department focusing solely on 
processing times.
    Now, I am confident in saying that veterans do not want 
partisan blame games just as much as they do not want a 
partisan cheerleading session. Unfortunately, the nakedly 
political back slapping session the majority has arranged today 
fails in that we have a single witness before us, the 
Department of Veterans Affairs. VA is hardly in a position to 
provide an independent assessment of its own performance. What 
we are missing are key oversight voices like the Office of 
Inspector General and the Government Accountability Office who 
would be able to speak objectively about the quality of VA's 
claims processing work. Now we are missing the voice also of 
the VA workforce who would be able to talk about the challenges 
of VA's increased emphasis on throughput and the toll that mass 
firings and a return to mandatory overtime have taken.
    Most importantly, we are missing the voices of veterans 
themselves, either individually or collectively, through their 
advocates in the Veterans Service Organizations (VSO). It is 
impossible to justify hearing by this committee on VA's claims 
without including a single actual user of the system or the 
service officers who help veterans navigate it every day. We 
need to hear beyond the carefully honed talking points that VA 
is going to deliver today. We need to know what is actually 
happening on the ground from veterans and those service 
officers who are helping them navigate this complex process. We 
need, we raised the need. We raised a need for other voices to 
be heard to the majority more than a month ago, and sadly, we 
were rebuffed.
    We are here today with only VA as our witness. 
Nevertheless, we on our side are going to do our best to draw 
out what is actually happening with disability claims 
processing beyond just how fast claims are moving. A quick 
decision is well and good, but if we are moving so quickly that 
errors are made, or if we are simply rushing to denials, there 
are downstream effects we must consider. Anecdotally but 
consistently, we are hearing that claims processing errors are 
rising and denial rates are increasing. That, of course, is 
problematic. Premature or erroneous denials lead to more 
appeals where timelines are measured in years and not months. 
It is imperative that the Veterans Benefit Administration get 
it right the first time, because any delay in getting a veteran 
their earned benefits is a problem. It can lead to the denial 
of health care and needless suffering.
    We need to spend this committee's time finding solutions to 
the problems veterans face, not on engineering victory laps for 
the administration so that it can pat itself on the back for 
simply doing what it was supposed to do. Our responsibility 
remains the same. The question for us is not how fast claims 
are moving, but whether we are getting them right in the first 
place. Unfortunately, the structure of today's hearing makes 
that harder to assess. We need a clear understanding of what is 
actually happening in claims processing, not just how quickly 
decisions are issued, but whether those decisions are accurate, 
durable and fair to the veterans who depend on them. Veterans 
deserve both speed and accuracy, because one without the other 
is not success, it is simply delay in another uniform. Thank 
you, Mr. Chairman. I yield back.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Ranking Member, for your opening 
statement. As mentioned earlier, joining us today from the 
Department of Veterans affairs is Ms. Devlin and Ms. Flint. 
Thank you both for being here. I ask you to please stand and 
raise your right hand. Do you solemnly swear that the testimony 
you are about to provide is the truth, the whole truth, and 
nothing but the truth? Thank you. Let the record reflect that 
the witnesses have answered in the affirmative.
    [Witnesses sworn.]
    Ms. Devlin, you are now recognized for 5 minutes present 
the department's testimony.

                 STATEMENT OF MARGARITA DEVLIN

    Ms. Devlin. Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano, and 
members of the committee, thank you. It is good to see you all 
again. Thank you for the opportunity to be here to discuss VA's 
progress in reducing the disability claims backlog. I 
appreciate your unwavering commitment to veterans, service 
members, their families and their survivors. Joining here with 
me to testify is Ms. Flint. She is the Deputy Undersecretary 
for Field Operations, so she is responsible for the entire 
field.
    I want to start by saying that behind every claim waiting 
for a decision is a veteran or a survivor whose health, 
financial stability, or financial--or family situation depends 
on us getting this right. These are not just numbers they are 
people who have already served this Nation and deserve timely 
and accurate decisions. I am proud to report that under 
Secretary Collins leadership, we have made historic progress. 
For the first time since May 2020, the backlog has fallen under 
100,000, an achievement made possible through disciplined 
management and focus effort. We reached this milestone really 
by combining three things. I am going to start by naming those 
three; our people, our tools, and our technology. A clear 
leadership focus on the areas where claims were stacking up.
    First, let me talk about our workforce. By the way, our 
workforce is about a little over half of veterans themselves. 
Last year, VA completed a record breaking 3 million 
compensation and pension claims. This year we surpassed 1 
million claims earlier than ever before. Our employees drove 
that success. They reviewed records, they developed claims, 
they made complex decisions and determined when medical exams 
were needed. They partnered closely with our contract exam 
vendors who completed more than 3.5 million disability exams. 
Together we expanded access to exams in rural areas so that 
veterans could get the evidence needed no matter where they 
live. All of this was done without sacrificing accuracy. 
Quality is now, as of the end of March, over 94 percent, the 
highest it has been in 2 years.
    Second, are technology and automation. By using new 
automated tools, we were able to streamline routine tasks and 
process claims more efficiently, ensuring that our experts, our 
employees, could focus on the decisions that require human 
judgment. We also work closely with our Federal records 
partners to ensure we receive documents needed to support these 
claims and move them more quickly through the process.
    Third, focused leadership and operational discipline. We 
made deliberate decisions, such as using overtime strategically 
and prioritizing high impact workloads that allowed us to drive 
throughput where veterans were waiting the longest. As a 
result, the average time to process a claim has dropped by 42 
percent since January 2025, from 141 days to just 81 days. That 
is 60 fewer days a veteran has to wait for an answer. This 
progress extends to survivors as well. The dependency and 
indemnity compensation inventory of pending claims has dropped 
by 67 percent and the backlog by 83 percent. Survivor pension 
claims have seen an 80 percent drop in inventory and a 96 
percent reduction in backlog, with average processing time now 
just 73 days, down from 173. These improvements give surviving 
spouses and families faster access to stability and support.
    None of this happened by accident. It happened because of 
the dedication of thousands of VBA employees across the 
country. Employees who adapted to new systems, embraced new 
tools, upheld accuracy under pressure and never lost sight of 
the mission. Mr. Chairman, this is not the finish line, but it 
is a strong foundation, one that positions us to keep driving 
the backlog down while maintaining the quality, accuracy, and 
care that veterans deserve. At the end of the day, every day we 
save brings a veteran or survivor closer to the benefits they 
have earned. Thank you for your support and for the opportunity 
to testify today. Ms. Flint and I look forward to your 
questions.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Margarita Devlin Appears In The 
Appendix]

    The Chairman. Thank you, Ms. Devlin, for your opening 
statement. Everything will be filed in the records for the 
opening statement. We now want to go to questions. I will 
recognize myself for 5 minutes. Ms. Devlin, can you describe 
how VA claims backlogs look now compared to the last several 
years? One more time.
    Ms. Devlin. Yes. Thank you for the question. In January 
2025, it was over 264,000 veterans that were waiting over 125 
days for a decision on their claim. We are now under 100,000; 
as of this morning at about 83,000.
    The Chairman. You accomplished that by using what tools and 
what program and what plans did you use with your staff to get 
that done?
    Ms. Devlin. We use a combination of things. In addition to 
our dedicated employees, our leadership focus on this ensured 
that we used our national work Queue (NWQ) to drive the work to 
where we could be most productive. The disability claims 
process includes a lot of development. With our national work 
queue, we can drive the work to where the bottleneck might be. 
A lot of times that is development. Our automated procedures 
help us get medical records more quickly. One thing that we do 
for our veterans is if they have private medical records from a 
private physician or hospital, they do not have to go find 
those. Our automated systems, all they have to do is sign a 
release and we will go get that, and much of that is received 
in an automated fashion.
    All of these different things that we do to get Federal 
records to automate procedures that are administrative in 
nature help the claim move through the process faster so that a 
decision-maker can look at the claim and make that decision.
    The Chairman. Okay, faster is important, and we are glad we 
are getting them down. Also, what do you have to put in place 
to make sure those decisions are accurate? Quite often the 
conversation here is, okay, we cannot just like what OIG 
discovered, you cannot do a 4-minute job and think that that is 
accurate. What is in the system to make sure it is accurate 
when you are doing it?
    Ms. Devlin. That is a really great question. We focus very 
much on accuracy. It is also not by accident that we are at 94 
percent accuracy now. What we do, there is a feedback loop and 
we get feedback from a lot of different ways. One is through 
the Board of Veterans Appeals decisions. We take a look at 
patterns and trends. We also look at the individual employee 
quality reviews and our national reviews to determine whether 
there are certain areas where employees are making mistakes. 
Then we focus dedicated training on those areas. We do what we 
call quality training sprints, where we sort of stop everything 
and focus training on those areas where we find that we are 
seeing errors. We are very focused on making sure our veterans 
get the right decision as much as possible the first time.
    The Chairman. The one claims processor that did the 80,000 
in such a short period of time, what have you put in place to 
make sure that is not occurring throughout the system? What are 
the stopgaps to stop that from occurring?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for that question. We have put a few 
things in place. We have systems now that were not in place 
before to identify those employees that are producing at that 
high of a rate. If they are producing above a certain rate, we 
are instituting additional quality review measures to make sure 
those employees quality is where it needs to be. We are going 
above and beyond with special focus reviews.
    The Chairman. Okay. Because of the accusations that are 
obviously going to be made in the political world, what--who 
does the oversight to say, okay, your accuracy is at this 
level? Is it you inside that make this decision on how accurate 
it is, or is there some oversight that is put in place that we 
know why it is that you get one accuracy rating prior and then 
the next one? What is, what is the stopgap there?
    Ms. Devlin. I can let Ms. Flint talk a little bit more to 
this, but we have several different quality review systems. We 
have an in-process review, which is for the employee's direct 
feedback. These are things that happen while the claim is 
moving through the process so that if we find an error before 
that claim is complicated completed, we can give the employee 
feedback, have that corrected before the decision is finalized. 
Then we have employee performance feedback. These are quality 
reviews that go against their performance standards. There are 
about three to five that get done per month, depending on the 
volume.
    Then we have our national star quality review, which is 
done by our national headquarters. These are not people 
checking their own work. We have regional offices that are 
getting their work checked for quality by other regional 
offices or by our national team. They are not checking their 
own work.
    The Chairman. Okay. I think this committee, regardless of 
the side of the aisle, we want to make sure, one, that these 
claims are processed at a timely manner, but they need to be 
accurate. That is the most important thing about having this 
hearing today, is making sure that, you know, every person out 
there believes their claim should be 100 percent. They do. That 
is just the way a veteran is going to react to this. You have 
got to be able to safeguard against, and you have got to do 
your fiduciary duty. I appreciate you being here today. With 
that, I am going to turn the questions over to the ranking 
member.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Ms. Devlin, we hear 
consistently that denial rates for disability claims have been 
rising. That is true according to data from VA, denial rates 
have been rising, have risen from roughly 35 percent in 2024 to 
39 percent in 2026. Now, 4 percent may not sound like a lot, 
but when VA is processing several million claims a year, any 
percentage increase in denials represents tens of thousands of 
veterans who are denied access to crucial health care and 
benefits. Ms. Devlin, can you explain to the committee why 
denial rates have risen over the last 5 years?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. I am not sure what 
date you are looking at--but I did look at the data on grant 
rates, and it has been consistently around 60 to 61 percent 
grant rate, with the exception of the 2-years right around the 
time PACT Act was implemented. Those 2 years, the grant rate 
did go up a bit, to about 64 to 65 percent. Now we are in the 
place where some of those claims that we are still working on, 
which are in the backlog, are some of the more complicated 
claims that have a lot more evidence to review and to obtain to 
substantiate whether a disability condition exists.
    Mr. Takano. Okay. Well, moving on, Ms. Devlin, according to 
VA data, in addition to denial rates rising, claim accuracy 
rates are currently below historical averages as well. Can you 
explain why that is going on?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you again for that. I have been really 
watching very closely the accuracy rates, and it is going up. 
It is going up by design because we are focusing more on the 
error rates that we are seeing.
    Mr. Takano. I am reclaiming my time. I am not talking about 
that they have been going up. I am talking about, can you 
explain accuracy rates currently below historical averages? I 
mean, yes, they are creeping up. That is not--I do not dispute 
that.
    Ms. Devlin. Respectfully----
    Mr. Takano. They are still below historical averages. That 
is what I want you to explain.
    Ms. Devlin. Respectfully, sir, they are higher than they 
have been in 2 years at 94 percent.
    Mr. Takano. Two years. We are talking about previous years, 
I just explained over the last 2 years why we have seen claims, 
why there was a bulge when we had the pandemic. We also had 
this massive outreach to veterans to file claims. I mean, that 
is--I mean, claiming a victory lap over that precipitous 
decline, you know, after VA was given all these resources. I 
mean, that is bit rich, but we can look at the prior two or 3 
years, kind of get a better sense of what is going on.
    Ms. Devlin. Respectfully, sir, my concern is that veterans 
understand that the VA is here for them, that we respect them, 
and we want to take care of their benefits and the purpose of 
putting the good news story out----
    Mr. Takano. You are not really responding to my question.
    Ms. Devlin [continuing]. is to gain their confidence.
    Mr. Takano. I reclaim my time. You are not really 
responsive here. You state that the claim accuracy is 
improving, but I am having trouble reconciling that with what 
is actually happening at the Board of Appeals. Now, the number 
of appeals is also is increasing, partly because of increased 
denial rates. The number of times the Board catches errors and 
sends a claim back to VBA to fix is also increasing, and that 
speaks to the quality deficit at VBA. Ms. Devlin, how can both 
of these things be true?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. The denial rates 
have not been going up. In fact, we looked at the percent of 
disagreement with VA's decisions, and that has consistently, 
over many years, stayed at between 11 to 13 percent of our 
veterans who disagree with the decision they receive. Eleven 
percent of a bigger number is a bigger number. We are producing 
more claims, but the rate of disagreement is the same as it has 
been historically. It is not gone up.
    Mr. Takano. Okay, well, moving on. What is a clear and 
unmistakable error (CUE)?
    Ms. Devlin. A clear and unmistakable error is when, upon 
review, we determine that the employee made a mistake of law or 
regulation in deciding the claim.
    Mr. Takano. Okay, so does VBA track those CUEs? That stands 
for clear and unmistakable error, as part of its quality 
control process.
    Ms. Devlin. Clear and unmistakable errors? Yes. Well, we 
would track them for the purpose of feedback for the employee, 
but also to make sure we correct those errors for the veteran.
    Mr. Takano. What is the trend line for the volume of that 
type of error?
    Ms. Devlin. I do not have CUE data here. I do not know if 
Ms. Flint tracks that individually.
    Mr. Takano. You cannot tell me if they are----
    Ms. Devlin. We can get that to you.
    Mr. Takano. You cannot tell me if they are increasing or 
decreasing as of now.
    Ms. Devlin. I can tell you that our errors in general are 
decreasing and our percentage of accuracy has been going up.
    Mr. Takano. You can tell me whether CUEs are increasing or 
decreasing. You just told me that, right?
    Ms. Devlin. I do not have that data in front of me.
    Mr. Takano. You do not have the data.
    Ms. Devlin. I do not.
    Mr. Takano. You should not have said that. These CUEs seem 
very, seems very much like the type of error that occurs when 
someone is rushing to get something done. Steps get missed, 
mistakes are made. That is not something that can be solved 
with just training alone. Since you cannot tell me what the 
trend line is, you know, I, I really cannot get my question 
about whether we, we can cut down those rate of CUEs. I yield 
back, Mr. Chairman.
    The Chairman. Thank you. Representative Van Orden, you are 
recognized for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Van Orden. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Ms. Devlin, thank 
you very much for coming. Can you tell me how the proposed 
reorganization and streamlining essentially of the chain of 
command is going to affect your ability to help our veterans 
and get these claims processed?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, sir. Thank you for that question. The 
reorganization essentially streamlined our headquarters. Over 
the years, the headquarters had gotten very large. What we are 
trying to do is make sure that we are focusing the resources 
where the veteran receives the benefits, which is in the field. 
Streamlining the headquarters means less layers to go through 
for decisions to be made, for issues to rise to my level.
    Mr. Van Orden. Yes, because currently at the VA, 
everybody's got six bosses. Bob. I had a great meeting with our 
union folks in my office back in the district who work at the 
VA, and they are seeing improvements, but there needs to be, 
you know, continuous improvement. I wanted to pass that on to 
you. I am, you know, people have mixed feelings about certain 
unions and I do not. A lot of these folks, you know, they are 
going to work and they are working very, very hard. I am really 
proud of them. That is the--from the administrative folks to 
the people processing these claims.
    Now, I am a veteran. I get all my health care through the 
VA. My friend, dear friend Morgan, is also a veteran. Could you 
maybe just in a short period of time, kind of wrap up for the 
folks here that have not served what it actually means to get a 
disability rating? What happens? I retire, what happens?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for that question. For our veterans 
who served, they might have had injuries while they were 
serving, they might have become ill, or they might have been 
exposed to toxic substances that resulted in them getting 
serious disability conditions like cancer. The disability 
claims process is such that we review that medical evidence and 
help them to get compensation for those disabilities and 
injuries that they will have often----
    Mr.Van Orden. What does that process look like?
    Ms. Devlin. The veteran files a claim and they tell us 
which disability conditions they would like to claim for 
disability compensation. They provide us with information, and 
then we support them with our duty to assist by getting them 
medical exams if needed, collecting all the evidence and 
background information, and then making a decision that renders 
them a percentage of disability, which then results in a 
financial compensation for those percentages.
    Mr. Van Orden. The veteran does not have to do this by 
themselves. There is some of our outstanding veterans service 
organizations, like the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United 
States (VFW), Disabled Veterans of America, the American 
Legion. They do that pro bono, whether or not you are a member 
of the organization or not, correct?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, they do.
    Mr. Van Orden. Have you found in the past that the VA has 
tried to impede our VSOs from being able to help veterans get 
their disability rating?
    Ms. Devlin. Absolutely not. In fact, we now include them in 
our transition assistance program at the end of the course so 
that they can introduce themselves to the service members and 
tell them about their services and give them access immediately 
after the class.
    Mr. Van Orden. Excellent. If you are a Queen for the day, 
what would you do, like right now to expedite this process?
    Ms. Devlin. Sir, I am not Queen for the day.
    Mr. Van Orden. You are today.
    Ms. Devlin. A lot of the things that we are already doing 
that we are going to continue to do more of, involves more 
automation and continued focus on quality improvement and 
making sure our employees have the resources they need to do 
the best possible job. They care. They are mission driven.
    Mr. Van Orden. I am going to translate that into English. 
You are going to get rid of four out of the six bosses, Bob. 
Streamline the process by making sure that we understand that 
we are in 2026, and automation, and the implementation of 
Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the ability to focus very 
hard on what needs to get done. That is the expedited, accurate 
adjudication of a veteran's disability claim happens in a much 
more rapid manner, right?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Van Orden. Okay. With that, I yield back.
    Thank you, Ms. Devlin.
    The Chairman. Representative Brownley.
    Ms. Brownley. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you for being 
here. This new system, the AI system, or the automated systems 
and claims processing, how long has that been instituted? When 
did you institute it, and how long has it been running?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for that question. It is not brand 
new. It has been--it started years ago. I am sorry, I do not 
have the exact year when we first started automated decision 
support, but we have accelerated the percentage of cases of 
disability conditions that can be assisted through the 
automated decision support. Remember that our employees are 
still making decisions.
    Ms. Brownley. Is that saying you are using it more? You 
have had it for a long time. You are using it more now than you 
were previously?
    Ms. Devlin. No, it takes time and money to develop each 
piece, each component. We have developed more of it so that we 
can do more, support our decision-makers with more disability 
conditions. It requires focused effort to create more of the 
automation.
    Ms. Brownley. Based on the system then you are not seeing, 
it sounds to me like you are not seeing more denials for 
veterans based on this system. I am just, I know in private 
industry with insurance companies doing claims, they also use 
an automated system to go through that. I continue to hear that 
those denials--there are many denials that come in place. You 
know, I think it is something that needs to be monitored very, 
very closely because speed is great, but quality is more 
important at the end of the day. I just worry that we are 
trapping veterans in limbo that have to go to an appeals 
process, which takes a really long time. I do not think that 
process has sped up as it probably should. Regardless, veterans 
can be caught in limbo. They are caught in limbo today 
between--from a denial to an appeal and getting answers from 
that.
    Staff in my district office have, tend to be receiving now 
more generic and unclear responses from VBA when assisting 
veterans with their disability claims. Without the information 
about estimated processing timelines, details that are under 
review, or documentation requirements that are outstanding, it 
is extremely difficult for veterans in my district, and I think 
across the country, to know when they will receive a decision. 
My question is, what steps are you taking to improve 
communication and engagement with veterans about the status of 
their outstanding disability claims?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. I just want to 
clarify that our disapproval rates are not going up, so we are 
not denying more veterans claims and we are expediting the 
lanes that we have for disagreements, the VA Appeals 
Modernization Act (AMA) lane for higher level review and 
supplemental claims, so that the, the claims process can be 
faster and our people are making the decisions. The automation 
does not make any decisions and will not deny a claim. It 
simply puts everything together for the decision-maker so that 
they can make the decision faster.
    Ms. Brownley. Okay. I would like to know more about that 
because it certainly sounds as though--I just do not understand 
when you talk about, in your statement, you talked about the 
leadership of the new secretary and as a consequence this 
process has improved and sped up and maintained quality all at 
the same time. It just does not sound like--it sounds like you 
have got a perfect system going here. I just, I cannot believe 
that it is perfect. You probably will say it is not perfect. I 
get that. You know, what I want to hear from you is where are 
the points that we can still improve upon?
    Denials are denials, and veterans are in limbo when there 
are denials. I am wanting to hear some feedback from you in 
terms of what you are doing to, on an ongoing basis, continuous 
improvement on the system.
    Ms. Devlin. I agree with you. Continuous improvement is a 
necessity. We will never sit back on our laurels and think that 
we are in a great place and we should not continue to evolve, 
in particular as it pertains to quality and accuracy. You asked 
about communication on the timeline because our claims are 
moving more quickly. You know, we are giving more feedback to 
veterans more quickly as well. If we can decide some portion of 
the claim for a veteran, we will decide that portion and start 
getting their compensation flowing. Even if there is another 
more complicated condition. Also our, our call center, 1-800-
827-1000. We will be able to give them a very specific status 
of their.----
    Ms. Brownley. My staff at home is just saying we are 
getting a generic response and we are. They are not getting 
that kind of detail to help, you know, in terms of 
communicating with our veterans, to give them some sense of 
where the status is on their claim.
    Ms. Devlin. Happy to work with you on any specific cases 
that you are, that you are having issues with. We can look into 
them.
    Ms. Brownley. I yield back.
    The Chairman. Representative Luttrell.
    Mr. Luttrell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Ms. Devlin, does VA 
create its own language models internally or is it outsourced?
    Ms. Devlin. For language models, you mean for the 
automation?
    Mr. Luttrell. Yes, ma'am.
    Ms. Devlin. The AI enabled automation. We have contract 
companies that, that help us with that.
    Mr. Luttrell. How often is that updated?
    Ms. Devlin. We are making updates on a regular basis. I 
mean, I do not have any time----
    Mr. Luttrell. What is a regular basis? I am going to dig in 
on you a little bit on this one.
    Ms. Devlin. Yes.
    Mr. Luttrell. This one drives the point home to Mr. Takano 
and what Ms. Brownley are saying. If the, if the, if the 
language models are not being updated at a, at the speed of 
which technology is developed, the VA will obviously be lagging 
behind. Given where we are, if you are talking about artificial 
intelligence, machine learning injected into the VA system, if 
it is in a timely manner, I think this will decrease those kind 
of symptomatic issues that we are seeing with notifications.
    Ms. Devlin. Yes. We have updates to the system on a regular 
basis. I am going to say they are approximately about six to 8 
weeks that we get updates to the system for new automated 
decision support, new conditions.
    Mr. Luttrell. All that information--okay. Six to 8 weeks. 
That seems. That is impressive that you say that because, I am 
trying in my mind to gather as much information as the VA 
brings in daily, aggregated or retrospective and process that 
into a language model that will allow the system to update 
itself. Six to 8 weeks seems a bit aggressive.
    Ms. Devlin. Well, the automated decision support is not 
just AI. Right. It is rules based processing that helps the 
employee have all the information in front of them to 
understand what they need and what they already have in the 
file without having to look through thousands of pages of 
medical records.
    Mr. Luttrell. Sure.
    Ms. Devlin. Right. So. It is not making decisions on 
claims.
    Mr. Luttrell. It is really helping. I think that what it 
does is it streamlines the process, puts that blue line right 
in the middle so they, the rater can see that in a more----
    Ms. Devlin. Yes.
    Mr. Luttrell. They can get a clearer picture?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes.
    Mr. Luttrell. If you can get kind of--I would like to have 
like a breakdown on that if you do not mind on kind of like 
what the timeliness is, because I would--I do not--I am going 
to speak freely with the committee. We are eagerly behind the, 
the injection of AI models into the system so our veterans get 
what they need in a, in a timely manner. Fair enough?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, definitely. Technology is a huge part of 
how we continue to stabilize the system so that we are not 
always chasing a backlog, but can focus on advancing the 
mission faster for veterans and enabling our employees to work 
on the more complex pieces of the work, which is really the 
decision-making.
    Mr. Luttrell. Where do we stand with information flow 
between the Department of Defense and, Department of War (DOW), 
Department of Defense, however you want to say it. Department 
of Defense, the VA Information flow from one service into the 
VA, and the backlog. The system seems when it bogs down, we 
talk about national work queue. Now I am shifting gears on you. 
We talked about national work and the veterans ability to hand 
carry, speaking for myself on this one, all of my information 
to the VA. Hopefully I did not miss anything. Okay. Now the 
system itself is broken down in a way that we--there is no 
ceilings there, so to speak. Where are we with conversations 
Department of War and the VA on complete information transfer 
from one site to the other?
    Ms. Devlin. I will tell you the two secretaries have made a 
commitment to work together on this. The Secretary of War has 
committed to what we are calling sort of service treatment 
records at day zero. We want to be able to get all of them 
electronically.
    Mr. Luttrell. Is there a timeframe on this? Do not say yes 
and just walk away with that. I would like to hear--you know, 
in 6 months, on this day, that will be set in stone and we are 
moving forward.
    Ms. Devlin. We are working on this in milestones. The first 
milestone is to get a digital claim from the service member so 
that everything is digital, not just the service treatment 
records.
    Mr. Luttrell. Great.
    Ms. Devlin. This month we are implementing a soft launch on 
a digital benefits delivery at discharge claim. Meaning we are 
enabling both service members and VSOs, because a lot of 
service members want to work with a VSO to submit the claim 
electronically.
    Mr. Luttrell. Yes.
    Ms. Devlin. That then sets the stage for DOW to be able to 
submit a----
    Mr. Luttrell. It takes the guesswork out of it. It lets the 
veteran know that, hey, I am, my information is over.
    Ms. Devlin. Exactly. We are trying to--we will avoid the 
situation where a service member is having to carry their 
medical records anywhere or scan them and upload them.
    Mr. Luttrell. Because once the veteran leaves the service, 
the service has their own thing. If I had to go back into the 
service and ask for my information, the service is not paying 
attention to me, I am a name again. I am not a number. I am not 
an asset anymore. Having that take place before the veteran or 
the service member moves into the veteran community is, is, is 
amazing. The--it is when it--I do not have time for that 
question.
    Mr. Chairman, I yield back. Thank you.
    The Chairman. Thank you. Dr. Dexter, you are recognized for 
5 minutes.
    Ms. Dexter. Okay. Thank you, Mr. Chair, for holding this 
hearing. Thank you also for being here and, and giving your 
testimony. I think we all understand we share responsibility to 
ensure our veterans are getting high quality, timely benefit 
decisions. As amazing as it sounds, I tend to trust but verify. 
Please bear with me. We also had an opportunity to speak with 
local Oregon veterans service officers who made clear decision 
times are indeed, that they are experiencing are improving. 
Counter to what we are hearing, their impression is that errors 
are increasing. These are not just, you know, we have not 
changed the number of veterans being served in our area. Maybe 
it could just be that the absolute number processed are getting 
higher as you made a point of earlier. Mistakes do delay access 
to care. Even if that were true, those mistakes still are 
something we should address.
    My first question is, is it true you have fewer VA 
employees processing these claims? We have been told the answer 
is yes. I just want to hear that for the record.
    Ms. Devlin. We are working on a strategic hiring plan to 
backfill some of those positions. Part of what we have to do is 
evaluate how everything has changed in our ecosystem with all 
the technology to make sure we put the employee resources in 
the right places.
    Ms. Dexter. We know that AI is threatening, you know, 
positions across all sectors. This is obviously one where AI is 
being used. We also know that when work is pushed faster with 
fewer employees, that oftentimes quality can be compromised. 
This, as I said, is unacceptable. Ms. Devlin, I want to also 
ground this in something we all understand. Would you trust a 
physician who gave you a prognosis based on a quick Google 
search or AI tool?
    Ms. Devlin. No, ma'am, I personally would not.
    Ms. Dexter. I would not either. As a physician, I know 
technology can support good care, but it cannot replace good 
clinical training, expertise, and peer reviewed evidence. Yet 
it seems that that is exactly the type of breakdown we are 
seeing. Veteran service officers raised serious concerns about 
VA decisions, citing inappropriate sources in some cases, 
determinations on disabilities included references to WebMD and 
Google searches in the actual letter being returned to the 
veteran. I reviewed a claim where the VA explained a veteran's 
employability by stating quote, according to Google, followed 
by a quote, direct quote from language that certainly appears 
to be AI generated content. I have that here if we want to 
submit that for the record.
    That is not a standard. That is a system under strain. It 
is using artificial intelligence to do the work that these 
employees have done previously. When staff are pushed to move 
faster without the resources and support they need, I do 
believe quality erodes and veterans are paying the price. I am 
going to ask directly, Ms. Devlin, is this the level of quality 
veterans should expect?
    Ms. Devlin. That would be--I would like to look at that 
actually, if you would submit that to us. I will let Ms. Flint 
answer the question about employability and how an employee 
might use things like a Google search to understand the labor 
market for a specific veteran based on his or her specific 
background. That would not be an AI generated action. That is 
an employee generated action based on their individual use of 
systems available to them. We do not use AI for medical 
opinions or medical decisions or any decision-making.
    Ms. Dexter. I mean, I have the exact quote from the letter 
you attributed not working due to your service connected 
disabilities. According to Google, in the letter, according to 
Google quote, a person managing the conditions you described 
and it has them could thrive in various jobs with some 
adjustments. This is literally quoting Google and then there 
are literally quotes from WebMD. I think that regardless of my 
skepticism around whether that is an accurate assessment, 
receiving that as a veteran certainly does not increase 
confidence. I appreciate that you could walk through this, but 
I am very conscious of my time. I want to get to the quality 
review process because 94 percent accuracy sounds amazing. Does 
that include veteran perceptions of the accuracy of the claims 
or VSOs or others?
    Ms. Devlin. No, that would be based on our review of were 
procedures followed, were regulations followed and was the 
decision right based on those requirements.
    Ms. Dexter. I think that this is a self-fulfilling 
prophecy. If we are using AI generated quality control 
measures, we have fewer people, you know, reviewing more 
claims. There has to be AI use looking over AI generated 
decisions. I wonder where the actual peer review or quality 
review is coming in that is not automated.
    Ms. Devlin. That is not automated. Our quality review 
systems are done by humans who are reviewing the regulations 
and the statutes and the quality of the work.
    Ms. Dexter. What percentage of decisions are being 
reviewed?
    Ms. Devlin. It is a, it is a validated sample. I think it 
is three to five. Is it three to five, Ms. Flint? Three to five 
cases per month, is that correct?
    Ms. Dexter. Three to five cases?
    Ms. Flint. Yes. At the national level. At our national 
quality, they statistically valid sample to get a national 
quality number is 3 to 5 individual quality reviews per 
employee.
    Ms. Devlin. Three to five total, per employee per month.
    Ms. Dexter. Okay, and my time is up. I yield back.
    The Chairman. Thank you, Representative Barrett. You are 
recognized for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Ms. Devlin, Ms. 
Flint, thank you for being here today and appreciate the 
insight into how we are able to reduce the claims backlog that 
veterans have experienced. I know that has been a legacy from 
previous administration and previous Congresses and appreciate 
the efforts to reduce that claims backlog.
    Obviously, you know from hearing from other members and 
hearing from veterans just how serious that is when a veteran 
is waiting and chronically anticipating the resolution of a 
claim. I have had that happen personally and I know others who 
have as well, where time will go on and a review takes place 
and you know, veterans can go on the veteran the VA app and see 
kind of where they are in that process. The steps will 
sometimes go backward instead of forward as process goes on. 
One question I had for you is as we see the claims backlog 
diminish, are we seeing a increase in appeals or are we seeing 
an overall reduction in claims that are not or rather that are 
fully adjudicated and finalized post appeal as well?
    Ms. Devlin. We are not seeing an increase in the appeal 
rates. It has been consistent. Around 11 to 13 percent of our 
veterans disagree with the decision that we made on their 
claim. They then have access to different procedures, right, 
that they can choose.
    Mr. Barrett. Right.
    Ms. Devlin. A lot of times they will choose the 
supplemental claim lane because they might realize that if they 
had submitted additional evidence, it might change the 
decision.
    Mr. Barrett. Sure.
    Ms. Devlin. In that case, our grant rates, about 35 percent 
of supplemental claims get granted, so that sometimes that 
additional evidence was just missing in the initial decision. 
They can also access the higher level review, which really 
takes the decision that was made by one person, one employee, 
and has a second more senior employee reviewing the decision. 
Our grant rate is a little lower than the 35 percent there, but 
those processes are not taking a long time either. The 
processing time is approximately, is very similar to the 
initial claim.
    Mr. Barrett. Do those higher level review and supplemental 
claims, do those count in the, I guess, statistical capture of 
appeals, or are those not considered an appeal until a more 
formal appeal is granted?
    Ms. Devlin. They are considered appeals under AMA and then 
we still have some legacy appeal appeals that we are still 
working through.
    Mr. Barrett. They take longer.
    Ms. Devlin. Mm-hmm.
    Mr. Barrett. The, the lengthy appeals are those--those are 
the ones that are a more formal appeal, not a higher level 
review or a secondary claim submission. Is that correct?
    Ms. Devlin. They are all formal appear, appeals. The legacy 
ones are before the AMA went into law.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Okay. Then I know we have talked a lot 
about AI, the use of that. Certainly there is a lot of rightful 
concern in various different areas that AI touches on, whether 
it is in veterans benefits or other aspects of American life, 
as we all kind of digest how this is going to affect all of us. 
One thing I just wanted to ascertain from both of you today is 
that in the circumstance that the VA is using AI for the, for 
the use of claims processing and things of that sort is there a 
human in that process that is reviewing anything before a 
veteran's claim would be denied? Or can AI simply sweep through 
that and, you know, dismiss a claim on its face? Or would a 
human be involved in a process in that chain?
    Ms. Devlin. There is no artificial intelligence in our 
systems that makes a denial decision. Everything gets presented 
to a human claims processor to make a decision. A couple things 
that I would like to say about this. First of all, we are 
assessing the quality of the automation to make sure that that 
is functioning properly. Our employees have a method of 
reporting to us when they are seeing something that is not 
quite right so that we can fix it. The employee decides whether 
the automated information presented to them is enough or not 
enough. They are looking at that and ultimately making the 
decision on the claim or pushing back and saying, I need 
additional information as part of duty to assist.
    Mr. Barrett. Could a AI assistant tool that the VA uses 
say, yes, you have the appropriate documentation, either from a 
Department of Defense physician or an outside physician, you 
have this presumptive condition diagnosis. It could, it could 
almost take that and say, all of these things are met by this 
standard that we have. The human claims representative would 
then quickly review that. It could also work in a way that 
could approve or help to approve an expedited claim. Is that 
equally, or is it only being used to detect fraudulent or 
denial basis for a claim?
    Ms. Devlin. Oh, no. Thank you for that question. It is 
actually detecting everything in the file that that claims 
processor must review to make a decision. It will look at 
things like if the veteran served in the Navy, were they within 
12 nautical miles of certain areas to qualify for certain 
presumptives? It will look for what were their dates of service 
and be able to put that all together. What the employee is 
seeing is screens that present to them, this has been 
satisfied. This piece has been satisfied. We have got the 
DD214. We have got the length of service. We have got 
presumptive exposure. We have got a disability diagnosis for 
this condition. It presents it all to them and then shows them 
what is missing. It might say, well, for these conditions, we 
have got everything you need. You can go and grant the claim 
for this condition, you are missing something. We might need to 
go do a medical exam because we do not have a current 
diagnosis. Ultimately, the employee is in the driver's seat in 
every single claim decision.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    The Chairman. Thank you. Before I recognize our next 
member, all members need to be advised that there is a protest 
going on, on the second floor of the Cannon. If you are moving 
from building to building, you might want to avoid that. The 
police are, or the Capitol Police are dealing with that right 
now. Representative Ramirez, you are recognized for 5 minutes.
    Ms. Ramirez. Thank you, Chairman from the great State of 
Illinois and ranking member from the great State of California. 
We are being fair this morning. Look, all jokes aside, we have 
a responsibility in committee to provide oversight of the VA's 
processes, especially the processes that the VA is using to 
address its disability claims backlog. As we have been 
discussing the backlog, I would be remiss not to mention that 
the speed at which claims are processed cannot come at the 
sacrifice of the quality of service to our veterans, that 
cannot ever be compromised. Simply reducing the backlog for the 
sake of saying that the backlog is reduced at the expense of 
accurate and successful outcomes for veterans is not, in fact, 
putting our veterans first. It is certainly not honoring our 
veterans' service.
    As my colleagues are well aware, one of my primary concerns 
in this administration has been its commitment to reducing the 
Federal workforce and dismantling the VA. Secretary Collins has 
made good on that commitment, has shrunk the workforce through 
Reduction In Force (RIF) and he will continue to do that work 
through the reorganization that he is leading. In July 2024, 
after the robust hiring of new claims processors as a result of 
the PACT Act, VBA ended its posture of mandatory overtime with 
a few exceptions for certain types of claims. This was a relief 
to a burnt workforce that had been torn apart by twin 
pressures.
    One, the COVID pandemic and then the other, which was 
increase in Pact Act claims. When we fast forward to May 2025, 
after losing thousands of claims processors through the 
deferred resignation program, the voluntary early retirement, 
and outright firings, VBA realized they had a capacity problem. 
Then they reinstated the mandatory overtime at a rate of about 
25 hours per month, if I am not mistaken. Ms. Devlin, is the 
May 2025, 2025 mandatory overtime policy still in place?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. I would like to 
point out, and I will answer your question, that our quality is 
going up. We are focusing on quality and yes, we did institute 
mandatory overtime. It depends--we are really focusing still 
on.
    Ms. Ramirez. It is still on now? You still have a 
mandatory----
    Ms. Devlin. We do not have mandatory overtime right now, 
today. Ms. Flint can talk about the number of hours that we are 
focusing on overtime.
    Ms. Ramirez. Can you tell me how many hours then just for 
the record that we have right now in overtime.
    Ms. Flint. Yes, yes ma'am. We have several categories of 
VSRs who are working 20 hours of mandatory overtime.
    Ms. Ramirez. Twenty hours.
    Ms. Flint. VSRs who do non rating work and a couple of 
other missions. We have one group of VSRs who do Military 
Sexual Trauma (MST) who are working 8 hours.
    Ms. Ramirez. Let me follow up to that. Whether it is Ms. 
Flint or Ms. Devlin who answers this question. Has VBA analyzed 
the effects of mandatory overtime on the quality of the claims? 
Have you done some analysis on that already as you have made 
some reorganizations on this overtime?
    Ms. Flint. The work that we perform in overtime is part of 
our overall workload. Any quality questions would flow 
naturally as part of our normal quality process.
    Ms. Ramirez. You have been intentional about conducting 
analysis on the impact of quality of, of overtime in the 
quality of claims. You have done that work? If you have done 
that work not just because people are doing the work, what were 
the results of that?
    Ms. Flint. We did not. We did. We do not make a distinction 
between the work that is done on overtime and work that is 
done, I will say, on straight time.
    Ms. Ramirez. You have not really analyzed the effect of 
mandatory overtime?
    Ms. Flint. We have not analyzed the effect of mandatory 
overtime on the process.
    Ms. Ramirez. Let me, let me follow up on that. Ms. Devlin, 
has VBA analyzed the effect on worker burnout, and/or 
retention, or attrition as a result of its resumption of 
mandatory overtime? Have you done that analysis?
    Ms. Devlin. We do look at the attrition numbers and I just 
want to point out that claims processors were not allowed to 
elect into the deferred resignation program or VERA. Our 
attrition has not changed from historic levels of attrition. We 
are working on a strategic hiring plan, and as we mentioned 
earlier, because of automation efforts, the employees that we 
need might be in different categories of employees. We want to 
make sure that we do avoid burnout by making sure that we are 
resourced in the proper way in our new ecosystem that we are 
operating in.
    Ms. Ramirez. What are the systems that you are using to do 
that analysis?
    Ms. Devlin. We are looking at our pay files. We are looking 
at production, we are looking at quality. There is a lot of 
different things that, where the automation is helping the 
most, where we still need more, more human intervention in the 
development process. We will always need humans for decision-
makers.
    Ms. Ramirez. Absolutely. I want to make sure you----
    Ms. Devlin. Yes.
    Ms. Ramirez. We, we have that on the record. Look, there 
are a couple questions that I want to follow up with you 
because it is not consistent with some of the reports that I 
have here. Just as I wrap up in these last 15 seconds, it is 
important to make sure that we are clear that the speed of 
processing claims does not equate in quality of the processing 
of the claims. I want to make sure that that is always a 
priority, and automation overtime alone are not long term 
sustainable solutions for addressing the backlog. We all know 
that to truly honor our veterans, it is service with action. We 
have to ensure that the VA is in fact fully staffed and that 
our processes do not sacrifice quality. I do want to follow up 
with you on some of these systems.
    Thank you. With that, I yield back.
    The Chairman. Dr. Miller-Meeks you are recognized for 5 
minutes.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. Ms. 
Devlin, has the VA utilized overtime to help alleviate the 
claims backlog?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, ma' am, we have.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. Does the VA see this as a long term 
strategy for combating future surges and backlogged claims?
    Ms. Devlin. Backlog--or sorry, overtime is a good surge 
capacity assistant. It is not something that we would want to 
rely on for sustenance of the backlog.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. You could use it in the event there are 
future surges.
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, that is correct.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. Then how do we ensure that the VA is not 
continuously playing a game of catch up?
    Ms. Devlin. I am glad you asked that question. We, we are 
getting to a point now where we can seek more balance and by 
continually continuing to develop more of the automation, we 
can continue to focus our employees on the hard work of making 
decisions and advocating for our veterans. By doing so, we will 
get into more of a steady state where we would be able to then 
handle surges using things like overtime, but not rely on it on 
a day to day basis.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. You have done a remarkable job catching 
up. Hopefully that can, we can get the rest of the VA in 
scheduling to do the same. Is it the case that quality has 
declined? Some people say because of the technology that you 
are using, quality has declined. Some people are suggesting 
that the work is rushed by claims processors. Is it correct to 
assume that claims that take longer are better quality? I.e., 
if it takes more time, does that actually ensure that it is 
greater quality?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. Our quality has 
actually continued to improve. We are doing what we call 
quality sprints where we sort of ask everybody across the 
country to focus training on specific areas where we have seen 
error trends. No, a claim taking a longer time just means a 
veteran has to wait longer. It does not mean it is going to be 
a better claim. The automation does not make decisions. It does 
pull the information together so that the claims processor 
cannot only get to a decision faster, but can also see is there 
anything missing in this claim and get to that point faster and 
understand what is missing so that we can then go out and get 
it for the veteran to help them get a decision faster.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. I will say that I have heard from 
veterans in my district about the time. That is a greater 
complaint often. I have also heard some speculation that board 
appeals might increase due to faster processing. This gets back 
to the quality issue. Has that been the case and is that a fair 
assumption?
    Ms. Devlin. That is not the case where our disagreement 
rate with our decisions has maintained pretty steady around 
between 11 and 13 percent. That has not changed historically 
even with the immense amount of production that we have done. I 
will say, and I said this before, 11 percent of a bigger number 
is a bigger number. When you look at the rate of disagreement, 
it is maintained consistency.
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. All right. Thank you for that. You have 
already mentioned some of the things that you are doing to 
ensure quality and level of success. Broader question, how 
should we be thinking about success? Is backlog reduction the 
right metric? If not, do we need a more complete picture of 
system performance? I will just ask both of them.
    Ms. Devlin. I appreciate that question. No, I would love to 
get to a place where we are not constantly talking about 
backlog. We are approaching sort of an equalizing moment in 
time for the Veterans Benefits Administration where we can 
start achieving more balance. That is part of what we have been 
doing with focusing more and more on quality and these quality 
sprints. We are talking about what more training needs to 
happen and making sure that our automation efforts are adopted 
by employees because employees ultimately make the decision on 
whether the automation has given them everything that they need 
or not. We are monitoring that for quality and then we are 
looking at strategic hiring and determining how we can make 
sure our employees are trained for the most complex decision-
making, you know, because we are always going to need human 
decision-makers. How do we put them in the right places? How do 
we evolve our processes to adapt to all of these tools that we 
have at our disposal now that we did not have before?
    Ms. Miller-Meeks. Well, I can just tell you as a 24-year 
army veteran, we really appreciate the fact that the backlog is 
being reduced and that claims are being handled in a more 
expeditious way, but still with that human touch and human 
oversight. Thank you so much.
    Mr. Chair, I yield back.
    The Chairman. Thank you. The gentlelady yields back. 
Representative Kennedy, you are recognized for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Kennedy. Thank you, Chairman.
    First of all, I have a couple of quick questions. Talk 
about mandatory overtime. Do you need congressional approval 
for that mandatory overtime?
    Ms. Devlin. We get approval for the funding in the budget 
through the President's budget.
    Mr. Kennedy. Specific to mandatory overtime for the 
workforce, do you need congressional approval?
    Ms. Devlin. No, sir, it is within our authority. The VA is 
saying you are making progress on reducing the backlog 
determinations. Obviously that is important to ensuring our 
veterans have the care they need. As has been mentioned a 
number of times here, speed does not equal success. The VA's 
data that I am looking at says that there is an 83 percent 
claim accuracy rate. Is that accurate?
    Ms. Devlin. Our current accurate rate is 94 percent as of 
the end of March.
    Mr. Kennedy. Ninety-four percent issue level accuracy, but 
83.31 percent claims based accuracy is that correct?
    Ms. Devlin. I can let Ms. Flint speak to the difference 
between those two.
    Ms. Flint. Yes, that is correct. VA went to a issue based 
quality because that gives us a level of detail about what is 
actually happening in the claim so that we can hone in on the 
things that are important to veterans. A claim based score sort 
of masks what the real challenges are because if you get one 
wrong, the whole thing is wrong. We started focusing more on 
issue based quality because we believe that is a much better 
indicator of actual quality.
    Mr. Kennedy. A couple things to that point. You are no 
longer using claim based accuracy whatsoever?
    Ms. Flint. It is reported in our external sources, but we 
do not use that.
    Mr. Kennedy. According to your own data that--on your 
website, the issues level accuracy upwards of 94 percent but 
still lower than it was just a year ago. While you have made 
progress in the last couple of months, it is still lower than 
it was a year ago. That also means that there are 
determinations and errors that are not simply numbers. These 
are delayed treatments. These are unmanaged pain, worsening 
health outcomes for our veterans. I just, I have a couple of 
constituents that have been impacted by this in a number of 
documented cases in my own district. A couple that I will 
mention here. One for mental health, a number for palliative 
care. While their appeals are pending, there are many that are 
not receiving treatment. Does the VA track for what happens to 
veterans medically while their claims are under appeal?
    Ms. Devlin. I just want to address the question about 
quality. The 94 percent is the highest it has been in 2 years. 
We have steadily gone up in 2 years, not down. We can grant 
whatever claim conditions we can grant while the other 
conditions are being appealed, which can give the veteran 
access to care in the VA medical centers while they are waiting 
on certain decisions to be made by the board.
    Mr. Kennedy. Okay, thank you. First of all, I am looking at 
data from your Veterans Affairs website that shows the 12 month 
accuracy issues level was at 95.91 percent at the end of March 
and now it is at 93.95 percent. That shows me that there is a 
decrease.
    Back to the question about following and tracking our 
veterans. If in fact they are appealing a case that they were 
denied care, are we following to make sure that they are taken 
care of medically?
    Ms. Devlin. If your question is if the disability rating 
was denied for a specific condition and while that denial is 
being appealed, do we check to see if that veteran can receive 
treatment for that specific condition? We would not because it 
would be predicated on their ability to get a grant for that, 
which would mean they would have to substantiate that they have 
the diagnosis and it is connected to service. My earlier point 
was if they are already rated 50, 60 percent for other 
conditions, they can receive VA health care even while they 
wait for another decision on a separate condition to be 
decided.
    Mr. Kennedy. Well, what is clear to me today is that the 
VA's progress on processing time is real, but it does not 
represent a full picture of our veterans' experience on health 
outcomes within the system, which is the most important data 
point that the VA needs to be measuring. A delayed decision is 
delayed treatment. A system that cannot measure those outcomes 
cannot fix them. We have clearly got a lot of work to do.
    I am being respectful of time Chairman. I will yield back.
    The Chairman. General Bergman, you are recognized for 5 
minutes.
    Mr. Bergman. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Ms. Devlin, it is 
good to see you again. Let me begin by saying I appreciate the 
progress that Secretary Collins and the VA have made on the 
claims backlog. This is real progress and veterans deserve to 
see more of it. That progress also makes us step back a bit and 
ask how the system got so backed up in the first place. In my 
view, part of the answer is pretty simple. When claims are 
incomplete on the front end, the whole system slows down 
because you got redoes in there to get it right so it can begin 
to be processed. That means more delay, more rework, more 
frustration for veterans trying to get access to the benefits 
that they have earned.
    We all want to protect veterans from bad actors. Make no 
mistake, bad actors are never going to get a chance to mess up 
our veterans. We need to continue to move forward. We ought to 
make sure that veterans can still get legitimate help in 
understanding the process and putting forward complete claims 
the first time to reduce the failure rate, if you will, and 
speed up the decisions. If we want faster, better decisions, 
then the front end piece truly does matter. Ms. Devlin, how 
does the completeness of claims submitted to the VA impact a 
claims processing time and the VA's ability to render a fast 
decision?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. You know, we have a 
lot of our veterans who work with VSOs or other accredited 
agents, and it does help them to sort of navigate the system. 
We are working on making the application process more simple 
for veterans so that it is not as complex. Certainly if the 
veteran submits a claim with all of the non government evidence 
that they have available to them, private medical records and 
such, it would certainly make the process go faster. However, 
we are still moving fairly quickly, even if it is not a 
complete claim, because we can get an exam for them through one 
of our exam vendors or through Veterans Health Administration 
(VHA) quickly.
    Mr. Bergman. You are. I know you are deeply into this and 
you are doing it for the right reasons. We can all seek to do 
better on whatever our role is, whether it is the diagnosis, 
the process, all of that. We all have a commitment, it is part 
of our mission to be better on the front end. To lead to better 
outcomes. Would you agree that it is a false choice to claim 
consumer protection requires restricting lawful advisory 
services?
    Ms. Devlin. Sir, I cannot speak to the statute that covers 
accreditation, and that is not my area of expertise on what is 
allowable by law.
    Mr. Bergman. Okay. Well, I am going to switch gears here 
for a moment. It is my understanding that the VA started a 
pilot program in August 2025 to better leverage technology to 
expedite acceptable clinical evidence exams, and it started 
producing Disability Benefits Questionnaire (DBQ) earlier this 
year. Is it correct that this pilot has now completed over a 
thousand reviews to date and that they are being generated with 
over a 99 percent accuracy rating?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, the initiative has completed over a 
thousand DBQs. The quality was 97.9 percent. I just want to 
clarify, the AI puts everything together, but a clinician is 
actually rendering the acceptable clinical evidence decision.
    Mr. Bergman. This is about using the tools you have 
available to you for better clinical outcomes, better 
acceptance rates, better benefits created, et cetera. In my 
last minute here, they also are being generated, these, these 
are also being generated, reviewed and signed by appropriate 
medical reviewers, all within a 72 hour timeframe. Is that 
correct?
    Ms. Devlin. That is correct.
    Mr. Bergman. Okay. What is the normal time limit for other 
providers outside of this pilot? You got the control group and 
then everybody else. What are we talking about as far as 72 
hours?
    Ms. Devlin. Yes, it is definitely longer it takes. You 
know, we can do some exams fairly quickly, but on average it is 
25 days to get an exam in person. Our exam vendors can also do 
acceptable clinical evidence exams. I do not have that number 
separate for that.
    Mr. Bergman. Okay. Well, the point is, we know that if 
everybody puts their, you know, mind to this and their energy 
behind it, we can do better for the veterans, for the companies 
trying to do the right thing to help the veterans and to help 
the Veterans Administration.
    With that, Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    Oh, and I would like to. Before I yield, Mr. Chairman, I 
ask unanimous consent to insert Rep. Hamadeh's opening 
statement into the record.
    The Chairman. Without objection. Dr. Morrison, you are 
recognized.
    Ms. Morrison. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you, Ms. 
Devlin and Ms. Flint, for being here today. For your service to 
VBA. I think we all agree that our veterans deserve to have 
their disability claims decided in an efficient, transparent, 
and fair manner. I look forward to hearing more from you about 
how VBA can strengthen both the speed and quality of its claims 
processing.
    Ms. Devlin, as a physician myself. I want to begin by 
asking about an issue we have been hearing about related to the 
disability exam process. We have heard that software 
incompatibility between VA and C&P examiners have prevented the 
examiners from properly receiving a veteran's medical records. 
As you know, this type of disconnect can lead to exam defects, 
deficiencies. Which in turn can lead to an incomplete or 
insufficient disability benefits questionnaire. Which, of 
course, can result in the claim being unfairly denied. How is 
VBA addressing this issue and working with its contractors to 
ensure software compatibility?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you. I will let Ms. Flint argue--Ms. 
Flint address.
    Ms. Flint. Thank you for the question. I am not aware of 
any major disconnect between those two systems. As you 
mentioned, it is important that our examiners have access to 
the information that we have about the veteran. I can take a 
look at that and get you an answer on that.
    Ms. Morrison. I would appreciate that. Thank you so much.
    As you know, Ms. Devlin, the national work queue is 
intended to evenly distribute work between regional VBA offices 
who pass that work on to claims processors. However, we have 
heard from claims processors that the system's not always 
assigning them enough work during the day. In fact, some of 
these employees have had to solicit work from their 
supervisors. Are you aware of this problem. What are you doing 
to fix this reported breakdown in the process?
    Ms. Flint. Ma'am, I can answer that question. Thank you for 
it. NWQ does, in fact, distribute the work, as you mentioned. 
It distributes the work right now to the regional office. Then 
the regional office distributes it to the employee. We just had 
some upgrades to NWQ. That we believe in the future where if 
there is a situation where an employee feels that they want 
more work, they can go to NWQ and pull that down themselves. 
Right now, if that is the situation, they are able to go to 
their supervisors who can get that work for them. Chronic not 
having enough work is--we, we have a lot of work.
    Ms. Morrison. They can pull directly from the NWQ?
    Ms. Flint. Now, they cannot. They can pull from their 
regional office queue. The NWQ sends work to the regional 
office, then the regional office decides about who gets what. 
They have their own sort of days of work from the queue that 
they can access.
    Ms. Morrison. Would it help streamline it if they could 
just go directly to the NWQ?
    Ms. Flint. Not always. Since it is a national system. What 
we do not want are people going in and sort of picking the 
cases that they want. It disrupts the flow of things and it may 
be not allowing us to strictly do first in, first out 
processing of claims. We discourage that. There are of course 
emerging cases where we need to go get a case. By and large 
this distribution system, which in the old system you could 
only do once a day, in the newer system, we hope we can, we can 
do multiple distributions, but we do not want folks kind of 
going into NWQ without--yes, it causes some challenges.
    Ms. Morrison. Understood. I want to end by turning to the 
use of artificial intelligence, a point of interest, I think 
for all of us. AI obviously offers immense potential to 
streamline claims processing. It is essential that these tools 
are implemented with strong guardrails and transparency to be 
sure that they are being used responsibly and effectively. 
While we all want veterans to use get their claims processed as 
soon as possible, I am sure you would agree, Ms. Devlin, that 
it is essential the claims are adjudicated fairly and 
accurately. Could you share a list of all the current and 
planned AI use cases?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. AI is both an 
enabler for the business process supports that I mentioned 
earlier, the decision support. The use case we are looking at 
right now is the one that takes and looks at every piece of 
evidence inside the case to determine if all the medical 
information that is necessary is already there. A lot of 
veterans already have medical evidence that they are giving us. 
Right? Between their service treatment records, their private 
treatment records and what we are trying to do is make sure we 
are not unnecessarily sending them to a medical examiner when 
we already have all the information we need.
    When I go to the regional offices and I talk to VSOs, that 
is one of the concerns they phrase to me. We know there is 
enough evidence in the file. Why are we making the veteran go 
to an exam? This use case will use AI to determine if all the 
evidence is there. We do not need an exam or if there is enough 
evidence there, but we still need a clinician to basically 
render an opinion and that would be the acceptable clinical 
evidence. That is the use case we are looking at now to try and 
reduce unnecessary exams. We will still do an exam when 
necessary.
    Ms. Morrison. It is pretty comprehensive, the use case. Can 
you, and this has come up already, but I think we all just want 
to hear it loud and clear on record. Can you guarantee that 
there will always be a human making the final decision on a 
claim?
    Ms. Devlin. There will always be a human making the final 
decision on a disability claim.
    Ms. Morrison. Very reassuring. Thank you, ma'am.
    With that, I yield back. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    The Chairman. Mr. Conaway you are recognized for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Conaway. Thank you, Chairman Bost, and thank you also 
Ranking Member Takano for bringing us here today. Thank you, 
Ms. Devlin and Ms. Flint, for presenting yourself and to--here 
to be ready to answer questions.
    Veterans deserve quick and timely responses. While the 
reduction in disability claims backlog seems promising, it is 
not a reality for all veterans. Some of my very own 
constituents are still waiting to receive a response from the 
VA, a response. I would be remiss if I did not share their 
stories. Last July, a constitution of mine opened a case with 
her dad within my office. Her dad, Vincent, a Vietnam War 
veteran, was terminally ill and suffering from dementia. The 
constituent wanted to expedite her father's case at the VA due 
to his illness. As of today, this case is still sitting in the 
regional office. The last update we have received from the VA 
was in September of last year. The veteran, unfortunately, has 
passed away in December. Ms. Devlin, is the VA not prioritizing 
claims for terminally ill veterans?
    Ms. Devlin. I am so sorry to hear about that veteran's 
passing. We want to make sure we take care of the survivor. We 
do prioritize claims, in particular for terminally ill 
veterans, and we have other prioritization categories. 
Sometimes claims can take a long time because we are having a 
hard time finding the evidence that is needed to substantiate 
the claim. If you can give me that information after the 
hearing, we are happy to make sure we can take care of the 
survivors in their time of loss.
    Mr. Conaway. Thank you for that answer and we will get you 
that case and hopefully we will find out why it is that this 
has languished for as long as it has had.
    The next case I wanted to bring to your attention is the 
story of my constituent, Christine. Her father, George, served 
in the Air Force and the Army. George died a year after 
applying for VA benefits in 2016. He died without getting a 
rating. Now George's daughter has been handling his VA claim 
for her mother, a surviving spouse and substitute claimant. His 
wife has endured 10 long years of denials and appeals.
    For years the VA has repeatedly asked for evidence that has 
either been proven unobtainable or had already been provided. 
Despite all the evidence she has sent, the VA has offered no 
reasonable explanation as to why the evidence is insufficient 
for granting George's claim. This 10 year wait is not unique to 
George, as I understand it. This happens far too often for far 
too many of our Vietnam veterans.
    Ms. Devlin, just last month I heard--I reported to my 
caseworker that a higher level review had been denied. The 
family is appealing the case to the Board of Appeal. The family 
attorney has informed the caseworker and the daughter 
Christine, if they go to the Board of Appeals, they can expect 
a two to five more year wait after a decade. Does this seem 
like a reasonable timeframe under the duty to assist?
    Ms. Devlin. Thank you for the question. I cannot speak to 
the timeliness of the board. The board does not fall under VBA. 
The legacy system did historically take several years. That is 
the reason the Appeals Modernization Act was put into place to 
provide faster lanes of, of decision-making for these reviews. 
I am also happy to take a look at that case. If you can give me 
the details afterwards. We are happy to look into it to see and 
make sure that everything is moving as it should.
    Mr. Conaway. Thank you. I will get that case over to you.
    In conversations with service officers, we hear that one of 
the often repeated claims processing errors is the mislabeling 
of third party medical evidence. Is that what you have also 
found? Is this report to us accurate? It is in the context of 
the use of AI to pull these claims together, it certainly 
raises a further concern about how the AI is working. When you 
hear--or the system in general for putting these claims 
together is working when you hear these sorts of stories. Now, 
they are anecdotal. Have you heard this and what can you offer 
us on that issue?
    Ms. Devlin. I think Ms. Flint can speak to some of the 
training we have done in that arena.
    Ms. Flint. Yes. Yes, ma'am. We are very conscious of exam 
errors and things like that. We want to make sure that we are 
addressing any kind of error trends that we see. I have not 
heard that sir, as a trend, but I will say that our automated 
decision support tool, one of the benefits of that is that it 
looks at the entire record. It would be, it would be more 
difficult for information like that to not be a part of the 
veteran's claim.
    Mr. Conaway. Just getting, I guess my own AI question in 
the time I have left. Have you reviewed the AI systems that you 
are working to ensure that the data they are gathering is 
accurate. Anybody who has used any of the these systems will 
know; a lawyer make a mistake and you get case citations that 
are not there.
    If you review the, I guess, the architecture of the AI 
systems you are using to ensure that they are actually bringing 
all the claim information, claim data together and that they 
are not either leaving things out because they have even 
mischaracterized it because it is going to impact the decisions 
about the benefit percentage that, to the individual veteran. 
Has this internal review or auditing of the AI system been 
undertaken?
    Ms. Flint. Yes, sir, it has. In fact, as mentioned before, 
the AI tool gathers the information into an automated decision 
support tool. At that point, when that system was put out to 
the field, there was lots of testing. People who actually 
needed that information were a part of verifying the this was, 
information was correct.
    As Ms. Devlin said, even if it is not, that decision-maker 
has the opportunity to go out and get the information or go 
find the information he or she needs to support the veteran's 
claim. Those tools have been tested, they have been field 
tested. They continue to be tested to ensure that they are 
providing what we need. There is also the opportunity for that 
decision-maker to go get the information that may not be 
available on that support tool.
    Mr. Conaway. Thank you very much.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I yield back.
    The Chairman. On behalf of the committee, I want to say 
thank you for your testimony here today. I am going to ask the 
ranking member for any closing remarks he might have.
    Mr. Takano. Yes, Mr. Chairman, I do have closing remarks. I 
want to just say the witness has stated that according to her 
that rates denial rates are not rising. According to the data 
that VA actually sent to the minority, as per our request, the 
rates are rising. In 2024, denial rates were 34.8 percent in 
2025.
    Now these are, these are non, these are comp claim, comp 
claims, grant and denial rates that I am quoting. In 2024 the 
rates were 34.8 percent. In 2025 it was 38.2 percent. Far in 
2026 it is 38.8 percent. I do not know how the witnesses can 
reconcile what you stated with what we see here in the data 
that VA provided. I hereby submit this for the record with 
consent.
    Mr. Chairman, our job as a co-equal branch of government is 
to provide oversight and act as a check on the other branches 
of government. By coming here today to cheerlead the 
administration and not dig deeper, we simply abdicate our 
responsibility to provide true meaningful oversight. It is a 
disservice to the issue at hand and to the veterans I know we 
care deeply about.
    What we do here is critically important. We do no one any 
good by overlooking legitimate procedural claims that leave our 
veterans in difficult positions in favor of politically 
convenient talking points.
    I am glad that the backlog is down to pre-pandemic levels. 
Honestly, I am glad about that. Just as I am glad that the PACT 
Act and other presumptives, but I am also glad that the PACT 
Act and other presumptives created new access. We all should be 
pleased that more veterans are getting health care, VA health 
care and benefits. Celebrating successes cannot be where our 
work ends. We owe it to our veterans and survivors to pull the 
curtain back, to get the real story and to advocate for change 
that makes the system better for them. The time we have to do 
that in this room, in this committee and in Congress is 
precious and so we cannot waste it with shallow throwaway 
hearings that barely move beyond the press releases and back 
slapping.
    I know that we agree about making the programs that support 
veterans work better for them. We agree on that. Using the 
valuable time we have in this way does not instill in me the 
confidence that we truly can work toward that noble goal 
together. Yes, the backlog is down, but many more veterans and 
survivors are still out in the cold.
    I just read you the statistics about the denial rates. Many 
are still dying of cancer without service connection. The 
veterans of the Nevada Test and Training Range have a list of 
the fallen that continue to grow. Those who have experienced 
sub concussive impacts, blast injury, and fertility are still 
waiting to get the care and benefits that they have earned.
    While we congratulate VA for taking credit for the sunrise, 
let us not forget that so many others are fighting on, fighting 
on borrowed time for their benefits and for the benefit of 
those they leave behind. I hope that we can keep those people 
at the center of this discussion and not the administration.
    I yield back.
    The Chairman. The gentleman yields back. I just want to say 
thank you again for your attendance here today and I do think 
this hearing was vitally important. You did give the, we did 
give you the opportunity to, one, talk about the fact that the 
backlogs are down, which is vitally important, but also how it 
is that your accuracy on these claims is being done correctly. 
We all work diligently on both sides of the aisle to try to 
make sure that you are doing your job for our veterans, and we 
thank you for that.
    I also want to thank the ranking member for holding his 
position as the loyal opposition and making sure no credit is 
given to the administration at any time. We want to thank you 
for that. On behalf of the committee, I want to say again to 
the witnesses and members here today, I look forward to working 
with you to address issues facing us in the future.
    To complete, the complete written statements of today's 
witnesses will be entered into the hearing record. I ask 
unanimous consent. All members have five legislative days to 
revise and extend their remarks and include extraneous material 
in the record. Hearing no objection, so ordered.
    The hearing is now adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 11:47 a.m., the committee was adjourned.]
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                         A  P  P  E  N  D  I  X

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                    Prepared Statements of Witnesses

                              ----------                              


                 Prepared Statement of Margarita Devlin

    Good morning, Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano, and 
distinguished Members of the Committee. Thank you for the opportunity 
to appear before you to highlight improvements the Department of 
Veterans Affairs (VA) has implemented to reduce the backlog of Veterans 
waiting for VA benefits and process claims more efficiently. Joining me 
is Ms. Sandra Flint, Deputy Under Secretary for Field Operations, 
Veterans Benefits Administration.

A whole lifecycle approach to claims processing

    The Secretary of Veterans Affairs' vision for historic backlog 
reduction has led to significant improvements in Compensation and 
Pension (C&P) claims processing. VA continues to build upon the record-
breaking 3 million C&P claims completed in Fiscal Year (FY) 2025. VA 
has completed nearly 1,418,000 disability claims in Fiscal Year 2026 
through March 22, 2026. VA reached 1 million completions on February 2, 
2026, earlier than any prior fiscal year. With increased productivity, 
VA has also ensured accuracy rates have increased to 93.95 percent, the 
highest 12-month issue-based accuracy rate in 2 years, while the 
average days to complete have dropped 42 percent to 81 days since the 
beginning of the second Trump administration.
    These notable production achievements have led to historic 
reductions in the rating backlog. As of March 18, 2026, the rating 
backlog is below 90,000, a 66 percent decrease from January 20, 2025. 
These are levels which have not been achieved since May 2020.
    VA has also demonstrated a strong commitment to improving benefit 
delivery for survivors. Both Dependency and Indemnity Compensation 
(DIC) and Survivors Pension inventories have been significantly reduced 
over the past year. By prioritizing resources, VA achieved a 68.1 
percent reduction in the DIC inventory, lowering pending claims from 
29,299 on January 20, 2025, to 9,349 on March 22, 2026--a decrease of 
19,950. The DIC backlog inventory has been reduced by an astounding 83 
percent. Survivors Pension claims have undergone similar transformative 
improvements with an 80 percent decrease in inventory and a 96 percent 
reduction in backlog since January 20, 2025.
    Additionally, as of March 22, 2026, VA completed DIC claims in an 
average of 85 days, reflecting an 89-day improvement since January 20, 
2025. Similarly, Survivors Pension has seen significant improvements in 
timely processing over the same period with the average days to 
complete reduced from 173 days to 73 days.
    The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) achieved these 
milestones through relentless leadership commitment to results-driven 
resource strategies, such as targeted use of overtime and automation 
assist tools. Automated Decision Support tools reduce administrative 
actions while National Work Queue (NWQ) modernization efforts focus on 
advancing work queue capabilities. Furthermore, these accomplishments 
reflect strong leadership and sound strategy and the extraordinary 
dedication of VBA's employees, about half of whom are Veterans. Their 
firsthand understanding of military service and its impact strengthens 
our ability to deliver benefits with both precision and compassion, 
adding momentum to keep improving service to Veterans, their families, 
and survivors.

A Robust Culture of Continuous Improvement.

    VA continues to optimize technology and improve claims processing 
quality. Continued expansion of NWQ functionality will focus on 
improved capability to route claims more efficiently. Additionally, VA 
hosts Quality Sprint Days to affirm VA's commitment and focus on 
quality, highlighting the Department's commitment to accuracy of 
outcomes for those we serve. VA's approach to systematically analyze 
outcomes to identify recurring quality issues and root causes supports 
targeted corrective actions to address deficiencies.

Conclusion

    VA remains committed to identifying areas where we can improve our 
systems and processes to increase the efficiency and quality of 
benefits delivery to the Nation's Veterans, their families, and 
survivors. We remain steadfast in our commitment to timely and accurate 
decisions.
    Mr. Chairman, this concludes my statement. I thank you and the 
Committee for your continued support of programs that serve the 
Nation's Veterans and look forward to working together to further 
enhance delivery of benefits and services. My colleague and I are 
prepared to respond to any questions that you and other Members of the 
Committee may have.

                       Statements for the Record

                              ----------                              


Prepared Statement of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States

    Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano and Members of the Committee:

    The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (VFW) appreciates 
the opportunity to submit this statement for the record on ways the 
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) worked to address its disability 
claims backlog.
    The VFW is a veterans service organization (VSO) recognized by 
Department of Veterans Affairs for the preparation, presentation, and 
prosecution of VA benefit claims before the agency under 38 U.S.C. 
Chapter 59. At the end of Fiscal Year 2025, the VFW held power of 
attorney in this process for more than 700,000 veterans and eligible 
dependents, with more than 600,000 active awards, totaling more than 
$16.2 billion in benefits delivered to veterans in Fiscal Year 2025.
    Our global network of more than 2,000 accredited representatives 
assists claimants daily in navigating the complex VA benefits system. 
As such, the VFW offers a unique, ground-level perspective on both the 
progress and persistent challenges within the Veterans Benefits 
Administration (VBA).
    VA recently announced that it has reduced its disability claims 
backlog below 100,000 claims pending for more than 125 days. The VFW 
applauded VA Secretary Doug Collins and the VA workforce for this 
achievement. However, this should also serve as an inflection point for 
the Department as it seeks better ways to deliver timely benefits to 
veterans who have earned them.
    The backlog of VA disability claims first started to tick up during 
the COVID-19 pandemic when VA paused examinations but then accelerated 
after the implementation of the Honoring our PACT Act of 2022, when VA 
started to process an influx of presumptive toxic exposure claims from 
veterans across multiple generations.
    VA initially projected that its PACT Act claims inventory would 
peak around March 2024 with an estimated 600,000 backlogged claims. VA 
outperformed this projection. The backlog peaked instead in January 
2024 at about 400,000 claims, while total receipts for claims far 
exceeded VA's initial projections. By increasing ratings output and 
automating certain back-end processes, VA more effectively managed its 
claims workload, despite the persistent influx of benefit claims. In 
fact, for the preceding three fiscal years, VA adjudicated more claims 
than ever before. Moreover, VA learned a strong lesson from 2013 and 
ensured it did not ignore its non-PACT Act workload, continuing to 
deliver non-PACT Act rating decisions in a timely manner.
    The VFW has not viewed this claims backlog in the same way as past 
backlogs because the veterans we represent did not view it the same 
way. In fact, we told VA officials over the years that we would no 
longer use the term ``backlog'' to talk about VA's pending workload 
because this old way of talking about the process did not accurately 
capture the expectations or experiences of veterans navigating this 
complex system.
    Instead, we recommended that VA provide a more transparent 
assessment of how a claim proceeded from the time of filing, 
establishing the claim, initial processing, development (gathering 
evidence and completing exams), building the rating, and processing the 
award. Each of these phases is instructive to where bottlenecks persist 
and should be viewed as individual pain points - or ``backlogs.'' 
Looking at an arbitrary 125 days from start to finish fails to account 
for variance in number of conditions claimed, complexity of the claim, 
and difficulty in acquiring records or exams. For example, the backlog 
of military sexual trauma claims, which required specialized 
processing, was fundamentally different from the backlog of PACT Act 
claims related to gastrointestinal conditions when VA updated the 
regulations and required rework of many pending claims. These problems 
demanded very different solutions and different ways to manage 
expectations for veterans. However, VA does not offer this granular 
level of information publicly to veterans, which leaves accredited 
representatives to manage expectations, hoping that our clients trust 
the explanation.
    This backlog was fundamentally different from 2013 because today's 
bottlenecks were almost exclusive to development, evidence gathering, 
and examinations. Thanks to innovations that VA implemented to resolve 
last decade's backlog, the processes that VA controls directly - 
initial processing, rating, and processing awards - are either 
automated or take days to complete instead of weeks for most rating 
bundle actions.
    During the 2013 backlog, development lagged as well, but VA's 
internal processes could also take weeks because the system was paper-
based and often handled by a single VA regional office. This also meant 
that processing timelines varied wildly across the enterprise, with 
busier offices facing backlogs far exceeding one full year.
    The situation was so bad in 2013 that VA's average days to complete 
a claim at the end of Fiscal Year 2013 was 378 days. At the peak of the 
current backlog in Fiscal Year 2024, VA's average days to complete was 
152 days and continued to fall throughout Fiscal Year 2025 (121 days), 
currently standing at 81 days through this fiscal year.
    Several advancements make today's situation drastically different:

      Technology Advancements

    VA's investment in modernized claims processing systems and digital 
tools has significantly improved efficiency. VA's national work queue - 
while imperfect -allows VA to cross-level work across its enterprise to 
avoid regional surges. VA has also automated many initial intake 
processes, such as VA ``flagging'' PACT Act-eligible claimant files to 
accelerate development. Automation, improved workflow management 
systems, and expanded digital records access have enabled faster 
decision-making. Additionally, enhanced tools for accredited 
representatives have helped streamline the submission and tracking of 
claims. The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) offers VA 
opportunities to improve development, but AI has flaws. VFW continues 
to insist on human intervention to enhance implementation of AI to 
ensure accuracy.

      Workforce Dedication and Increased Output

    The productivity and dedication of VBA employees cannot be 
overstated. VA increased hiring, implemented mandatory overtime, and 
drove record-level output to address incoming claims and backlog 
inventory. These efforts reflect a workforce committed to serving 
veterans under challenging conditions. VFW believes VA's workforce must 
be fully staffed and fully funded. Reductions in the workload cannot be 
sustained at an operational tempo that leads to burnout. Moreover, new 
hires must continue to receive high quality training that promotes 
proficiency and growth. It is impractical to expect VA's workforce to 
``do more with less.'' VA must work just as diligently at workforce 
development and retention as it has in inventory reduction.

      Fully Developed Claims and Complete Submissions

    When claims are submitted as complete packages--with all necessary 
medical evidence and documentation--they can be rated in a matter of 
days. This demonstrates that the system can operate efficiently when 
development requirements are minimized. However, this efficiency 
underscores a central challenge: Assembling a complete claim remains 
difficult for many veterans. VFW accredited representatives often 
report that in meeting with veterans to file claims, veterans 
experience challenges with VA physicians who are unwilling to complete 
disability benefit questionnaires (DBQs) related to their claim. 
Service members who are separating from active duty often experience 
delays with the military providing them with a copy of their service 
treatment records in a timely manner, and many report that private 
medical providers are unwilling to take the time to respond to requests 
for records that would meet the requirement to rate the claim without 
further delay. VA and Department of Defense (DoD) have made efforts to 
produce a single record that would eliminate some of these 
complications and VFW will continue to collaborate with both 
departments to identify a solution.

      Declining Decision Quality

    A reduction in decision quality leads directly to increased 
supplemental claims, higher--level reviews (HLRs), appeals, and 
remands. When veterans must continuously re-engage the system to 
correct errors, it creates additional workload and delays for all 
claimants. VFW has testified multiple times that quality must be 
treated more substantially than speed. As processing has sped up during 
this backlog, quality has lagged. If a claim ends up in the cycle of 
remands and appeals because of poor quality, nothing is gained.

      Development as the Primary Bottleneck

    The most significant driver of delays is not the rating process 
itself, but the development phase. Challenges include delays in 
obtaining service records, scheduling medical examinations, and 
requesting additional unnecessary evidence. These inefficiencies slow 
the entire system and prevent timely adjudication. VFW has consistently 
urged that VA review the veteran's record in its entirety before 
ordering exams. Far too often, VFW's accredited representatives report 
that VA overlooks evidence, leaving the veteran inconvenienced by 
erroneous requests for material that is already in the record.

      Unnecessary Examinations and Rework

    The VFW has consistently raised concerns about the overuse of 
medical examinations and the rigidity of the contract medical exam 
system that frustrates veterans and advocates alike. Ordering exams 
when sufficient evidence already exists creates unnecessary delays, 
increases costs, and burdens veterans. Rework--caused by inadequate 
initial development, poor-quality exams, or rushed exams--further 
compounds the problem. VFW applauds VA for working toward giving the 
veteran agency over their exams with the development of enhanced 
scheduling tools and we urge their continued development. Additionally, 
consistent training and development of claims processors and raters 
will lead to more consistent ratings and reduce rework.

      Non-Rating Claims Require Greater Attention

    Claims related to dependency, pension adjustments, and other 
administrative matters often receive less attention but can 
significantly impact veterans' financial stability. These claims must 
not be overlooked in the pursuit of reducing the compensation backlog.

      Specialized Processing Models

    While specialized processing teams may improve short-term 
consistency, they do little to build long-term workforce expertise 
across the system. Over-specialization can create bottlenecks and 
reduce flexibility. The backlog of Military Sexual Trauma (MST) claims 
is one example of how specialization, without sufficient capacity, can 
lead to delays.

    To ensure that recent progress leads to lasting reform, the VFW 
offers the following recommendations:

      Continue Investment in Modern IT Systems

    The primary driver to reducing the 2013 backlog was the 
introduction of electronic tools to digitize the claims process. VA 
must prioritize the development of a modern, user-friendly claims 
submission portal for accredited representatives alongside efforts to 
modernize internal information systems, like Veteran Benefits 
Management System. Current reliance on legacy systems, such as the 
Stakeholder Enterprise Portal (SEP), limits efficiency and innovation. 
A modern platform would improve submission accuracy, reduce errors, and 
accelerate processing.

      Improve Record Sharing Between DOD and VA

    Seamless transfer of service and medical records from the 
Department of Defense (DOD) to VA remains essential. VA's ongoing 
efforts in this area are encouraging, but further improvements are 
needed. The Benefits Delivery at Discharge (BDD) program demonstrates 
how timely access to records can dramatically improve processing speed. 
Expanding similar capabilities across all claims would yield 
significant benefits.

      Limit Examinations to When They Are Truly Necessary

    The VFW supports VA leadership's goal of ordering medical 
examinations only when required. Clearer guidance, improved training, 
and stronger oversight are needed to ensure this principle is 
consistently applied. However, as VA seeks to change this business 
process, we must ensure that medical evidence is valid. The rise in 
pay-to-play actors submitting potentially fraudulent evidence means 
that VA raters must exercise discretion in weighing the validity of 
evidence.

      Improve Scheduling and Accessibility of Examinations

    When examinations are necessary, VA and its contractors must work 
collaboratively with veterans to schedule appointments at reasonable 
times and locations. Current practices often impose unrealistic 
timelines and require excessive travel, leading to missed appointments, 
inadequate exams, and further delays.

      Strengthen Quality Assurance Measures

    VA must invest in quality control at every stage of the claims 
process. Reducing errors at the initial decision point will decrease 
the volume of supplemental claims and appeals, ultimately improving 
efficiency and veteran satisfaction.

      Address Development Bottlenecks Directly

    Targeted solutions are needed to streamline evidence gathering, 
reduce redundant requests, and accelerate record acquisition. This 
includes leveraging technology, improving interagency coordination, and 
empowering claims processors to make timely decisions based on 
available evidence.

      Balance Specialization with Workforce Development

    While specialized teams may be necessary in certain contexts, VA 
must ensure that all claims processors receive comprehensive training 
and experience. A flexible, well-trained workforce is essential for 
long-term success.

    The VFW commends VA for its progress in reducing the claims backlog 
and preventing the kinds of outlandish wait times veterans experienced 
in 2013. This achievement reflects meaningful improvements in 
technology, workforce capacity, and operational focus.
    However, backlog reduction alone cannot be the sole measure of 
success. The goal must be a system that delivers accurate, timely, and 
fair decisions for every veteran through a transparent and nimble 
process.
    The VFW stands ready to work with Congress, VA, DoD, and their 
partners to ensure that recent gains lead to lasting reform. We urge 
the Committee to continue its oversight and to ask critical questions 
about not just how the backlog has been reduced, but whether the system 
is truly improving for veterans.
    Chairman Bost and Ranking Member Takano, thank you for the 
opportunity to submit this statement for the record and we look forward 
to further dialog with the committee and responding to any questions 
members of the Committee may have.

                                 

Prepared Statement of the American Federation of Government Employees, 
                                AFL-CIO

    Chairman Bost, Ranking Member Takano, and Members of the House 
Committee on Veterans' Affairs:

    The American Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO (AFGE) and 
its National Veterans Affairs Council (NVAC) appreciate the opportunity 
to submit a statement for the record for today's hearing titled 
``Faster Decisions, Stronger Outcomes: VA's Work to Streamline the 
Disability Claims Backlog.'' On behalf of the 325,000 Department of 
Veterans Affairs (VA) employees AFGE represents, approximately a third 
of whom are veterans themselves, including approximately 50 percent of 
frontline workers at the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA), it is 
a privilege to offer AFGE's view on the current state of the claims 
process and its ability to meet veterans' needs. In its examination, 
AFGE will focus on the logistics of the claims process, and the 
internal metrics VBA uses to measure its own success. In each of these 
categories, AFGE will highlight current problems and offer commonsense 
solutions that would enable claims processors to better serve veterans, 
as well as demonstrate the vital role employees and AFGE play in 
ensuring veterans receive their benefits in an accurate and effective 
manner.

Logistics of the Claims Process

    The National Work Queue (NWQ) was created in part to maximize VBA's 
claims processing capacity between Regional Offices (RO). One 
justification for the NWQ is that if one RO has a backlog of claims and 
another RO has capacity, VBA can use the NWQ to easily transfer claims 
to a different RO for processing. The NWQ certainly has helped achieve 
this original goal of moving claims to where there is more capacity. 
However, VBA management has utilized the NWQ beyond this basic 
transferring of claims, which has caused numerous unintended 
consequences that must be highlighted to this committee and addressed 
by VBA.

Specialization of Claims

    Prior to the implementation of the NWQ, each regional office 
operated in the ``Segmented Lanes model'' with three separate lanes, 
including an efficiency lane for claims with few contentions or issues, 
a regular lane for a moderate number of contentions, and a special 
operations lane for certain complex claims or veterans with a 
significant number of contentions. This model better enabled claims 
processors including Veteran Service Representatives (VSRs) and Rating 
Veteran Service Representatives (RVSRs) to work on claims. AFGE agrees 
with the Inspector General's (IG) 2018 conclusion that VBA's decision 
to eliminate specialization of claims processing has had a detrimental 
impact on veterans whose claims are more complex and sensitive in 
nature. As the IG report explains, prior to the implementation of the 
NWQ:

        The Segmented Lanes model required VSRs and RVSRs on Special 
        Operations teams to process all claims VBA designated as 
        requiring special handling, which included MST [(military 
        sexual trauma)]-related claims. By implementing the NWQ, VBA no 
        longer required Special Operations teams to review MST-related 
        claims. Under the NWQ, VSRs and RVSRs are responsible for 
        processing a wide variety of claims, including MST-related 
        claims. However, many VSRs and RVSRs do not have the experience 
        or expertise to process MST-related claims.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ VA OIG 17-05248-241 Page iii August 21, 2018

    Because of the level of difficulty in processing these claims, AFGE 
strongly supported returning to a ``Special Operations'' model for as 
many complex claims as the system will support. Over the intervening 
seven plus years since this report, VBA has heeded some of this advice 
as it tries to reestablish what it did for specialty claims. Now 
certain ROs have Special Operations centers within them where certain 
claims are processed, including MST claims at the San Juan, PR RO and 
the Roanoke, VA RO, Camp Lejeune water contamination claims in the 
Louisville, KY RO, and radiation claims in the Jackson, MS RO. This 
allows VBA to have its highly skilled claims processors work on 
specific and more challenging claims, with veterans benefiting from 
these employees' expertise. As VBA continues to build out these Special 
Operations centers, AFGE encourages VBA to identify additional complex 
areas suitable for a Special Operations center where specialization 
would benefit additional veterans. AFGE also notes that while this 
specialization is critical, to ensure that claims processors can 
transition to other claims in the future and do not burn out from 
issues like ``compassion fatigue'' by exclusively developing MST 
claims, claims processors on specialty missions also work on other 
claims while serving in these special missions.
    Beyond the Special Operations Centers, AFGE also recommends that 
VBA use the NWQ to sort and distribute claims in a manner similar to 
the efficiency and moderate lanes that existed as part of the 
``Segmented Lanes model'' prior to the NWQ. This would serve two 
specific purposes to help both veterans and claims processors. First, 
by putting a veteran whose claim has a minimal number of contentions in 
the express lane, the veteran will not have to wait as long in line 
behind more complex claims and could receive benefits sooner. Much like 
a shopper who goes to the grocery store for a gallon of milk and wants 
to use an express checkout lane instead of waiting behind a family 
doing their grocery shopping for the week, veterans who have simpler 
claims should not be held up by VBA's preoccupation with meeting its 
own internal metrics.
    Second, the original ``Segmented Lanes model'' created the 
opportunity to help new claims processors by assigning them to the 
efficiency lane and allowed them to hone their skills on relatively 
less complex claims, with more seasoned and experienced claims 
processors in the moderate and special operations lanes. This provided 
claims processors with on-the-job training, which also benefited future 
veterans, as well as current veterans with pending claims by having 
more tenured claims processors focus on claims that required their 
experience. AFGE urges VBA to leverage the NWQ to best maximize claims 
processors' expertise while efficiently serving veterans.

Keeping Claims in One Regional Office for their Duration

    There is a cliche in the VA that if you have been to one VA Medical 
Center, then you have been to one VA Medical Center. This holds true 
for VBA ROs. For this reason, AFGE also encourages VBA to modify the 
NWQ so that claims remain within the same RO for the duration of the 
claims process. Every RO, despite uniform production standards and 
training, often has its own way of conducting specific tasks. These 
small but critical differences between ROs can cause claims processors 
from different ROs to misunderstand each other's work, and result in a 
correct claim being unnecessarily deferred, delaying veterans from 
receiving their benefits. Having a claim stay within one RO for a 
claim's duration would avoid these inconsistencies and delays. This is 
also true for secondary claims arising out of the original claim. 
Keeping those secondary claims in the same RO would help with 
efficiency, as claims processors are already familiar with the original 
claim.
    Additionally, keeping the claim within the same RO improves 
communication and collaboration. For example, an RVSR, having a working 
relationship with VSRs in the same RO, could easily ask a VSR who 
worked on the claim a clarifying question, receive a quick response, 
and address a small problem with the claim, instead of requiring the 
claim to be deferred and reworked, causing delays. This would be 
significantly less likely to work for claims processors in different 
offices, who might be slower to respond to an email from an unknown 
colleague or might be working in a different time zone.
    To take this a step further, by keeping claims in one RO for the 
duration of their processing, managers who assign work would be more in 
control to send claims where a RVSR caught an error or required a 
deferral back to the original VSR. This would allow the VSR to learn 
from the error and avoid repeating the mistake. This would also let the 
VSR and RVSR who are already familiar with the claim quickly address 
follow-up work, instead of having different claims processors taking 
significant time and energy to understand an entirely new claim. Under 
the current rules of the NWQ, this scenario is extremely unlikely.
    Furthermore, VBA has implemented a return to the office, despite 
well-documented improvements in claims processor production since 
telework and remote work became necessary during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 
If VBA does not also require that claims stay in the same RO for the 
duration of their processing to allow for collaboration and efficiency, 
what is the merit of requiring claims processors to work anonymously 
with one another from across the country?

Unlocking the NWQ

    Despite a claims backlog that VA states is ``below 90,000'' as of 
March 18, 2026, one of the most shocking yet consistent complaints from 
claims processors is that they are not assigned enough work to meet 
their performance metrics and must frequently ask their ``coaches'' for 
more claims to work on. The reason for this problem is the internal 
controls VBA has placed on the NWQ. VBA assigns each RO a certain 
number of claims each day, which are then passed down to teams, and 
then individuals.
    First, the NWQ should automatically provide claims to an individual 
claims processor's work queue when they are out of cases to develop or 
rate. This would greatly improve efficiency.
    Second, claims processors should have the limited ability to hold 
onto a claim for a longer time period than what is allotted before it 
is retracted by the NWQ. Each individual claims processor works 
slightly differently, notably in the order in which they work on their 
assigned claims. These different preferences for working through claims 
can result in claims being taken away from processors before they have 
had the opportunity to work on that claim later that day or the 
following day. Allowing each claims processor to ask the system for an 
extension on a limited number of claims would be helpful to claims 
processors planning their daily work. Similarly, claims processors 
would benefit from NWQ notifying them how much longer they may work on 
a claim before the NWQ will retract a claim into the system. This would 
help the processor appropriately budget their workday. Currently, 
claims processors know on which day a claim is assigned, but not how 
much time they have left to work on the claim.
    Third, the NWQ must address ``automatically ready to rate'' claims. 
These claims are sent to a RVSR after they have not been worked on for 
a certain amount of time. While no claim should fall through the 
cracks, RVSRs must spend time determining why the claim has not 
advanced, often discovering after a considerable amount of time that 
the claim is still waiting on medical evidence or other information. 
VBA should better filter ``automatically ready to rate'' claims so 
those waiting on additional detail are not automatically sent to a 
RVSR, harming efficiency.
    Fourth, as was mentioned previously, VBA should program the NWQ to 
allow VSRs and RVSRs who have previously worked on a claim to have 
claims return to them if available. This would allow claims processors 
to learn from any mistakes that were previously made and allow them to 
use time efficiently and prevent a different claims processor from 
having to spend time familiarizing themselves with an entirely new 
claim unnecessarily.

Examining Internal VBA Regional Office Performance Metrics

    AFGE notes that, in addition to individual claims processor 
performance standards, each RO must meet VBA-imposed performance 
metrics. These metrics drive the priorities and behavior of Regional 
Office executives and greatly influence the claims process. While VBA 
has a responsibility to measure the success of individual claims 
processors and ROs, AFGE believes that at least three RO-level metrics 
do not serve veterans' best interest: ``Time in Queue,'' VBA's lack of 
credit for partial rating of claims, and mandatory overtime.

``Time in Queue''

    ``Time in Queue'' is a term describing how long a claim has not 
only been in the claims process, but also how long it has been at 
certain steps within the claims process. Each step has its own 
countdown of days that a claim can be in a particular step before it is 
considered late. For example, if a claim has 10 steps with 5 days 
allocated for each step, a claim can spend 5 days in each of the ten 
steps and be considered on time. Because of this, when prioritizing 
which claims to assign when, VBA management looks at how much time a 
claim has left in its current step before it is considered late for 
advancement. This can lead to VBA slow-walking claims that are ready to 
advance even though claims processors may be waiting for work.
    Additionally, if a claim is late in any one of the 10 steps, the 
entire claim is deemed late. Because of this metric and how VBA reports 
claims, using the previous 10-step, 5-day example, VBA would prefer a 
claim to spend the full 50 days with 5 days in each of the ten steps 
and be considered on time, instead of a claim being completed in 36 
days, where a claim spent 3 days each in nine of the 10 steps, and 6 
days in one of the 10 steps as it would be deemed late, despite being 
completed 2 weeks earlier. It is not hard to imagine that veterans 
would rather have their claims deemed ``late'' and completed 2 weeks 
earlier than having them be considered ``on time'' by a VBA internal 
metric.

Lack of Credit for Rating of Partial Claims

    Each veteran's claim can have as few as one contention or as many 
as dozens of contentions, not all of which are necessarily connected to 
each other. Because of this, it is common that some parts of a 
veteran's claim are developed and ready to rate prior to other parts. 
Unfortunately, VBA has an internal metric that awards credit to ROs 
only on the claims that are fully rated and promulgated on all of their 
contentions; as a result, a single outstanding contention can hold up a 
veteran's entire claim: For example, if a veteran's claim has 10 
contentions, and nine are developed by a VSR, and the remaining 
contention requires additional medical records or an additional 
compensation and pension exam, VBA discourages ROs from rating the 90 
percent of the claim that is ready to rate by not awarding credit until 
later. This has the doubly negative effect of delaying a veteran from 
receiving a significant part of his or her benefits and delays ROs from 
assigning work to claims processors who need claims to work on. While 
not all ROs follow this practice and some do rate partial claims, on 
balance, the metric creates perverse incentives for ROs that slows down 
the claims process. Veterans deserve to be treated like warriors and 
not widgets. AFGE therefore calls on VBA to eliminate these 
counterproductive metrics and instead create metrics that facilitate 
and expedite the accurate delivery of benefits to qualifying veterans.

Mandatory Overtime

    For years, VBA has used and relied upon mandatory overtime to 
achieve its own internal production metrics. The problem with its use 
is, as its name suggests, that it is mandatory. Not all VBA claims 
processors desire to work extra hours and would prefer to spend 
additional time with their family and friends. While not denying those 
who choose to work overtime, giving employees an option would help 
avoid burnout, improve claims quality, and prevent extra attrition, all 
in the best interests of veterans.

Conclusion

    AFGE thanks the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs for the 
opportunity to submit a statement for the record for today's hearing. 
AFGE stands ready to work with the committee and VBA to address 
problems and better allow VBA employees to perform their duties and 
serve veterans.

                                 

                   Prepared Statement of Abe Hamadeh

    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I want to start by saying something that does not get said enough 
in these hearings. The men and women at the Veterans Benefits 
Administration (VBA) who are processing these claims every day deserve 
recognition. Three million claims were completed last fiscal year. A 
record. Not because of some new program or some consultant's 
recommendation, but because the people doing the work were finally 
given the leadership and the tools to do it right.
    So let's be direct about where we are.
    Since President Trump took office 15 months ago, the VA disability 
claims backlog has dropped 67 percent--from nearly 265,000 claims on 
Inauguration Day to roughly 87,000 today. Last fiscal year, VBA 
processed a record 3 million claims. By contrast, the backlog grew 24 
percent over the prior 4 years. President Biden inherited the lowest 
backlog in modern history (64,738 claims in December 2019) and left 
office with 265,000. The PACT Act increased volume, but leadership 
means managing that volume--not being overwhelmed by it.
    I'm cautiously optimistic about this direction. The real question 
for this Committee is whether this progress--and the surge capacity 
behind it--is sustainable. That's what I want to explore today.

           Questions for the Record Submitted by Mark Takano
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   U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Response to Questions for the 
                                 Record
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