[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



                 OVERSIGHT OF THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE: 
                       THE FINANCIAL FUTURE UNDER 
                       POSTMASTER GENERAL STEINER

=======================================================================



                                HEARING

                               before the

                 SUBCOMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

                                 of the

              COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION
                               __________

                             MARCH 17, 2026
                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-60
                               __________

Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform



                [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] 



    Available on: govinfo.gov, oversight.house.gov or docs.house.gov 
                                ______
                                
                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

63-306 PDF                 WASHINGTON : 2026     
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    


    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
              COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM

                    JAMES COMER, Kentucky, Chairman

Jim Jordan, Ohio                     Robert Garcia, California, Ranking 
Mike Turner, Ohio                      Minority Member
Paul Gosar, Arizona                  Eleanor Holmes Norton, District of 
Virginia Foxx, North Carolina          Columbia
Glenn Grothman, Wisconsin            Stephen F. Lynch, Massachusetts
Michael Cloud, Texas                 Raja Krishnamoorthi, Illinois
Gary Palmer, Alabama                 Ro Khanna, California
Clay Higgins, Louisiana              Kweisi Mfume, Maryland
Pete Sessions, Texas                 Shontel Brown, Ohio
Andy Biggs, Arizona                  Melanie Stansbury, New Mexico
Nancy Mace, South Carolina           Maxwell Frost, Florida
Pat Fallon, Texas                    Summer Lee, Pennsylvania
Byron Donalds, Florida               Greg Casar, Texas
Scott Perry, Pennsylvania            Jasmine Crockett, Texas
William Timmons, South Carolina      Emily Randall, Washington
Tim Burchett, Tennessee              Suhas Subramanyam, Virginia
Lauren Boebert, Colorado             Yassamin Ansari, Arizona
Anna Paulina Luna, Florida           Wesley Bell, Missouri
Nick Langworthy, New York            Lateefah Simon, California
Eric Burlison, Missouri              Dave Min, California
Elijah Crane, Arizona                Ayanna Pressley, Massachusetts
Brian Jack, Georgia                  Rashida Tlaib, Michigan
John McGuire, Virginia
Brandon Gill, Texas
Vacancy

                                 ------                                

                       Mark Marin, Staff Director
                   James Rust, Deputy Staff Director
                     Ryan Giachetti, Chief Counsel
                     Luke Moll, Research Assistant
                      Bill Womack, Senior Advisor
         Mallory Cogar, Director of Operations and Chief Clerk

                      Contact Number: 202-225-5074

                Robert Edmonson, Minority Staff Director
                      Contact Number: 202-225-5051 
                      
                                 ------                                

                 Subcommittee on Government Operations

                     Pete Sessions, Texas, Chairman

Virginia Foxx, North Carolina        Kweisi Mfume, Maryland, Ranking 
Gary Palmer, Alabama                   Member
Tim Burchett, Tennessee              Eleanor Holmes Norton, District of 
Brian Jack, Georgia                    Columbia
Brandon Gill, Texas                  Maxwell Frost, Florida
                                     Emily Randall, Washington 
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                                                        
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     


                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                                     
                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

                                                                   Page

Hon. Pete Sessions, U.S. Representative, Chairman................     1

Hon. Kweisi Mfume, U.S. Representative, Ranking Member...........     2

                               WITNESSES

The Honorable David Steiner, Postmaster General, U.S. Postal 
  Service
Oral Statement...................................................     6

Mr. David Marroni, Director, Physical Infrastructure, U.S. 
  Government Accountability Office
Oral Statement...................................................     8

Written opening statements and bios are available on the U.S. 
  House of Representatives Document Repository at: 
  docs.house.gov.

                           INDEX OF DOCUMENTS

  * Letter from Alliance of Nonprofit Mailers; submitted by Rep. 
  Mfume.

  * Letter from American Postal Workers Union; submitted by Rep. 
  Mfume.

  * Article, Reuters, ``US Postal Service to Ask Congress for 
  Urgent Reforms To Survive `Beyond Next Year' ''; submitted by 
  Rep. Sessions.

  * Letter from Coalition to Protect America's Small Sellers; 
  submitted by Rep. Sessions.

  * Caucus Letter re Census; submitted by Rep. Walkinshaw.

  * Report, Commerce OIG, ``Evaluation of Methodology Census 
  Bureau Used to Select Test Sites for 2026 Census Test''; 
  submitted by Rep. Walkinshaw.

The documents listed above are available at: docs.house.gov.

                          ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTS

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Foxx.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Timmons.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Jack.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Mfume.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Frost.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Bell.

  * Questions for the Record: Hon. David Steiner; submitted by 
  Rep. Walkinshaw.

These documents were submitted after the hearing, and may be 
  available upon request.


 
                 OVERSIGHT OF THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE: 
                       THE FINANCIAL FUTURE UNDER 
                       POSTMASTER GENERAL STEINER

                              ----------                              

                        TUESDAY, MARCH 17, 2026

                     U.S. House of Representatives

              Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

                 Subcommittee on Government Operations

                                                   Washington, D.C.

    The Subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 2:02 p.m., in 
room HVC-210, U.S. Capitol Visitor Center, Hon. Pete Sessions 
[Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding.
    Present: Representatives Sessions, Foxx, Palmer, Burchett, 
Jack, Gill, Mfume, Norton, Frost, and Randall.
    Also present: Representatives Walkinshaw, Tlaib, and 
Budzinski.

          OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN PETE SESSIONS 
                   REPRESENTATIVE FROM TEXAS

    Mr. Sessions. Good afternoon. The Subcommittee on 
Government Operations will come to order, and I would like to 
welcome everyone to this important hearing today.
    Without objection, the Chair may declare a recess at any 
time.
    And I recognize myself for the purpose of making an opening 
statement.
    Welcome to today's hearing regarding the Postal Service's 
financial future.
    The Postal Service is charged with delivering mail to every 
address in the Nation six days a week. This mandate is one that 
brings with it huge costs that no private company is required 
to deal with; it is on the Post Office.
    For each year, the Postal Service loses billions of 
dollars, and now 12 months--and now we know that in 12 months 
they will run out of cash.
    And so, we have been engaging, both Mr. Mfume and I and 
this Subcommittee, with the Postmaster General for quite some 
time about the meaning of that and how we might address those 
issues.
    The Postmaster--the last Postmaster, Louis DeJoy, launched 
his ``Delivering for America'' (DFA) plan, which was designed 
to revive the Postal Service, and unfortunately those 
expectations were not reached.
    Mr. Steiner now has taken that new role as our new 
Postmaster General--congratulations, and thank you for being 
here, Mr. Steiner--a role that is very focused on taking full 
advantage of the last-mile capacity to grow revenue.
    Raising revenue, cutting costs, and utilizing the 
capacities and capabilities of private industry, we believe, 
will be the path forward. Understanding which aspects of the 
``Delivering for America'' plan remain and which have been 
stopped is a key path to that as we move forward.
    Without proper transparency and overwrite, Congress will be 
unable to see whether further action is necessary, and that is 
why we are also here today.
    And with the Postal Service's request for an increase in 
borrowing authority from the Treasury, Congress needs to have 
confidence not only that they will be able to pay it back but 
that they are on the right road to achieve financial security.
    For Congress to consider this request, the Postal Service 
must also prove that they have exhausted their options already. 
And this is a part of the regular interaction that takes place 
between this Subcommittee, as well as our staff, and the 
Postmaster General and his staff, as they work through the 
needs of understanding, the ideas, and where they meet with 
revenue objectives.
    Like so many actions that are available to the Postal 
Service, they need to look at them and understand what those 
ramifications mean. And while we have been in dialog over 
those, some of those have taken place, and we look forward to 
today to hearing about those outcomes and answers.
    So, I am delighted to be here today. I think Mr. Mfume and 
I both wake up, as Mr. Steiner does, at 3 o'clock some mornings 
with this on our mind. But I would also say that many of our 
other Members do that also; as well, the huge industry that 
surrounds this. It is a very important, competitive 
marketplace. It is a very important part of the American 
economy and the vibrancy of this country.
    But we also come at this, as Members of Congress, from our 
opportunity to serve people back home who want and need the 
Postal Service to be viable but to be cost-effective also.
    And so, all of these things come to a point today, another 
day where we are able to have the Postmaster General. And I am 
delighted that he is here.
    I would like to yield now the time to the gentleman--the 
distinguished gentleman, my good friend, and a gentleman who, I 
think, he and I both share many of the same ideas not only 
about America's bright future but about our responsibility and 
oversight.
    The distinguished gentleman from Maryland is recognized.

        OPENING STATEMENT OF RANKING MEMBER KWEISI MFUME 
                  REPRESENTATIVE FROM MARYLAND

    Mr. Mfume. Well, thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, and 
thank you for those kind and gracious remarks. I am glad that 
we are here together one more time and here to discuss what we 
consider and many out there who are watching us consider to be 
a vital issue.
    I want to welcome also the Postmaster General, Mr. 
Steiner--good to see you again--and Mr. Marroni. I hope that we 
can have a productive conversation today on how to put the 
Postal Service back on the right track for delivering for the 
American people.
    As we all know, for more than 250 years our Postal Service 
has performed an indispensable service to this country and its 
citizens. Through its Universal Service Obligation, the Postal 
Service knits together communities, it powers businesses, and 
bridges geographic and economic and cultural divides. Americans 
in every part of this country rely upon and really deserve 
prompt, reliable, and efficient mail services.
    I have unfortunately been alarmed over the last 15 months 
to see, in many respects, efforts to politicize the process as 
we know it. President Trump unfortunately has threatened to do 
everything from merging the Postal Service with the Department 
of Commerce to firing an entire Board of Governors. And former 
Postmaster General DeJoy left his position prematurely last 
year under pressure from the White House after he refused to 
grant DOGE officials access to Postal Service systems.
    So, moving forward, I would urge you, Mr. Postmaster 
General, to continue defending against any threat that is 
brought up that would in somehow or another undercut the 
independence of the Postal Service.
    And many of my colleagues have also watched with a great 
concern in recent years as the financial condition has 
deteriorated and service standards, in the eyes of some people, 
have fallen.
    The last thing that we want is a privatized system. And I 
would hope that every time we meet those efforts by those who 
argue that privatization is the way to go that we are steadfast 
and firm in resisting that.
    Putting the Postal Service back on a financial and secure 
footing is key. And since July 2021, First-Class Mail costs 
have increased 41 percent, while delivery standards were 
lengthened from two to five days to, now, three--well, two to 
three days to, now, three to five days. So, that means that 
Americans have to pay higher prices for a service that is not 
as good as it was.
    Last year, Postmaster General Steiner, you met with Members 
of this Subcommittee to share your plans for stabilizing the 
Postal Service's finances. We thank you for that. Since then, 
however, the Postal Service has continued, unfortunately, to 
lose money at an alarming rate while performance has continued 
to suffer.
    In Fiscal Year 2025, the Postal Service suffered a net loss 
of $9 billion--that has been well-reported; we are all familiar 
with that figure--with a further $1.3-billion loss in the first 
quarter of this year alone.
    The Postal Service is approaching a liquidity crisis. 
Indeed, without significant reforms, it will not have enough 
cash on hand to meet its required payments as early as 2027.
    And so, for the good of all Americans who rely on the 
Postal Service for critical mail--medicine, ballots, et 
cetera--we cannot allow that to happen, and the Postal Service 
obviously needs to cut costs and increase revenue. I appreciate 
the Postmaster General's effort to do so over the last year or 
so, but this is not an easy matter at all. It is a hell of a 
juggling act, to say the very, very least.
    So, I want to make sure that we, in this Committee, and 
those who are watching this who are concerned about the Postal 
Service find a way to realize a couple of things:
    In addition to cutting cost and increasing revenue, there 
are, indeed, morale issues that have to be confronted also. 
Because some people grew up in the mail service believing it to 
be one way and look at it today and whether or not--figure out 
whether or not they have a role in it.
    Most concerningly, the President has continued baseless 
attacks, I think, on the legitimacy of the democratic process, 
threatening to deprive--and I am going somewhere with this--
millions of Americans by doing away with or eliminating mail-in 
ballots and punishing states that refuse to comply.
    And that is why Chairman Sessions, myself, other Members of 
this Committee on both sides of the aisle introduced the 
bipartisan Vote by Mail Tracking Act, which would also 
standardize UPS tracking barcodes to every ballot that is 
mailed in, giving voters real-time visibility into whether or 
not their ballot has been received and/or processed.
    And because we all agree, I believe, that the vote and the 
ability to vote is a sacred American right, any effort to 
abridge that right goes against virtually everything that we 
stand for as a Nation.
    So, moving forward, I have every confidence, Mr. Postmaster 
General, that you and the workforce that you have assembled and 
the one that you have inherited will all work in this election 
year to ensure that every ballot is delivered and every vote is 
counted.
    And I want to take the time to recognize the incredible 
work of the postal workforce that the Chairman alluded to 
earlier. They continue to do for the American people a great 
service, and they do it in a way that they do not complain.
    We all remember what happened in the last election season, 
when they were faced with the insurmountable task, as some 
thought at the time, to be able to sort the mail and deliver 
the mail and guarantee the mail, and yet they did that--and, 
only weeks after that, ran into an avalanche of different 
challenges posed by the overwhelming load of holiday mail, and 
they did that back-to-back.
    Regrettably, however, letter carriers across this country 
are increasingly the subjects of violence by criminals. We have 
spoken about this before. We all share this concern. Criminals 
target locked mailboxes that are only accessible to the United 
States Public [sic] Service. I have seen postal workers beaten 
and stabbed and left to fend for their own while help comes up. 
We have seen the videos all over YouTube on that.
    So, no Postal Service worker should fear for their safety 
at work, and that is why I have pushed for the implementation 
of the Postal Service's joint Project Safe Delivery initiative. 
I know it sounds like a lot, but it does a lot, and it is 
designed to do that, as we try to provide a way to make sure 
that there is safety that goes with this job and all of the 
attendant positions and industries that are part of it.
    Now, one final thing, and then I am going to yield back to 
the Chairman, who is very, very generous with his time.
    We are in a situation where we cannot lose the Postal 
Service as we know it. We all agree on that, I think. The 
question becomes, how do we find a way to fight back against 
those efforts and those persons that do not necessarily believe 
it?
    And it is an all-hands-on-deck kind of an issue, where, 
whether you are in the field, whether you are in the building, 
whether you are at headquarters, or whether you are doing 
something else related to the mail, this means all of us sort 
of--and, by the way, whether it means you are sitting on one of 
these committees of oversight--it means that all of us have to 
find a way to put aside any differences and to recognize that, 
if we do not all go forward, we will all go backwards.
    So, it has been a pleasure working with this Chairman, who 
shares many of my ideas and I share many of his on this. We 
have tried to approach this as a bipartisan effort and have 
left out, to the extent we can, anything that sometimes creeps 
in as partisan. Because, at the end of the day, it is the 
service and the people who deserve the service, more than 
anything else, that we are all assembled here for.
    So, I thank you again for your generosity of time, Mr. 
Chairman, and for working together on this issue, as we have 
for years now--I never thought I would say we have been doing 
it for years, but we have been--and I yield back my time.
    Mr. Sessions. I thank the gentleman, Mr. Mfume, for his 
conversation.
    I believe that I will take it succinctly down to the point 
that he and I overwhelmingly agree with, and that is: we have 
to keep the issues directly in front of us. We have to work on 
them, we have to understand them, we have to deal with them.
    And I could not have a better partner to do that with than 
you, sir.
    Mr. Mfume. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. Although, I will say, over time, you look 
better and I look older.
    So, without objection, we are going to welcome our young 
Chairman, James Comer, who is here, the Chairman of the full 
Committee.
    We also welcome Congressman Timmons from South Carolina, 
Congresswoman Boebert from Colorado, Congressman Walkinshaw of 
Virginia, Congresswoman Tlaib of Michigan, Congresswoman 
Budzinski of Illinois, and Congressman Bell of Missouri, all--I 
am sorry, I am supposed to say ``Missour-ee.'' I used to live 
in ``Missour-ah,'' but they like to call it ``Missour-ee.'' 
They are all waived on the Subcommittee for the purpose of 
questioning the witnesses at today's Subcommittee hearing.
    So, thank you very much.
    We now would move to the reason why we are here, and I am 
pleased to welcome our witnesses for today.
    Mr. Steiner is the Postmaster General and Chief Executive 
Officer of the United States Postal Service, having held this 
position since July 2025. Prior to this, he was the CEO of 
Waste Management and on the Board of Directors of FedEx.
    Our second witness today is Mr. Marroni. He is Director of 
Physical Infrastructure at the Government Accounting [sic] 
Office, the GAO, and is expert in many areas, and he will soon 
prove his worthiness today. He is an expert in the Postal 
Service and Federal real property management.
    So, I look forward to both of you not only being here for 
your testimony but answering the questions.
    I would ask that both of you now stand for you to be sworn 
in before this Subcommittee.
    Pursuant to Committee Rule 9(g), the witnesses will please 
raise their hand, which they have done. And their right hand is 
raised, and I will ask the question.
    Do you solemnly swear or affirm that the testimony that you 
are about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing 
but the truth, so help you God?
    [Chorus of ayes.]
    Mr. Sessions. Let the record reflect that both witnesses 
have answered in the affirmative.
    Thank you very much, gentlemen.
    I would now like for you to know that we normally follow 
this 5-minute rule, but what I am interested today--and I have 
informed the gentlewoman, the Chairman [sic] of the Rules 
Committee; she will take the time that she needs. You have 
drawn a lot of people who will come today. Not everybody is 
here right now, but you have drawn this. And I am interested 
that us, Members and you, are given an opportunity to fully vet 
your answer and to be given that time, and if you exceed that, 
I will let you know.
    So, I now would recognize the gentleman, the Postmaster 
General of the United States Postal Service, the gentleman, Mr. 
Steiner, for his opening statement.

                STATEMENT OF HON. DAVID STEINER 
            POSTMASTER GENERAL, U.S. POSTAL SERVICE

    Mr. Steiner. Thank you so much. Good afternoon, Chairman 
Sessions, Ranking Member Mfume, Chairman Comer, and Members. I 
appreciate the opportunity to discuss how the Postal Service is 
at a critical juncture.
    At our current rate, we will be out of cash in less than 12 
months. So, in about a year from now the Postal Service would 
be unable to deliver the mail if we continue the status quo.
    So, how did we get here, and how do we solve the problem?
    We got here because of the drastic reduction in the use of 
the mail. From historic peak volume of 213 billion pieces per 
year to today, at 109 billion pieces per year, we have lost 
over 104 billion pieces per year in our system.
    For perspective, if all of that lost volume was paid at the 
current price of a stamp, which is 78 cents, that is about $81 
billion of lost revenue. No company could weather that much 
revenue loss.
    So, it is not hard to see how we got here. I like to say 
that we got thrown overboard and into the water, but instead of 
tossing us a life jacket, we were thrown an anchor.
    So, what does that anchor look like, and why is it weighing 
us down?
    First, we pay an unfair share of Civil Service Retirement 
System (CSRS) benefits, which cost us about $3 billion a year.
    Second, we cannot borrow more than $15 billion. The $15-
billion limit was established decades ago. If you applied 
inflation or based it on revenue, that limit should be $30 
billion to $40 billion.
    Third, we can only invest our retirement in Treasury notes. 
If we were able to invest conservatively, we would have an 
additional $800 billion in retirement benefits.
    Fourth, we are mandated by law to deliver to every address, 
more than 170 million of them, six days a week. This leads to 
71 percent of our delivery routes being financially underwater. 
If we are expected to deliver six days a week to every 
location, someone needs to pay for that.
    Fifth, we are not allowed to manage our own workers' 
compensation claims. That costs us anywhere from $400 million 
to $800 million per year.
    Next, we are regulated like a monopoly but we no longer 
exist as one. In fact, we are regulated worse than a monopoly, 
because even a monopoly is allowed to make money. Our regulator 
causes us to lose billions annually.
    Just recently, they passed an order that, by their own 
estimate, could lose us nearly a billion dollars a year. 
Clearly, they are not following their mandate to make the 
Postal Service financially viable.
    And there are other parts to the anchor. Transporting cargo 
to remote parts of the United States costs us about $150 
million. Keeping post offices open and not being allowed to 
consider losses as a reason to replace them with alternative 
means is another $840 million. And the list goes on.
    All those costly inequities amass to an incredibly 
burdensome anchor that plagues our trajectory, and we should 
have a discussion about all of them. But in order to survive 
beyond the next year, we need to increase our borrowing 
capacity so that we do not run out of cash.
    Despite all of this, we are proud of our universal service 
mission, and we do everything possible to work through the 
restrictions to deliver mail and packages that are so depended 
upon by Americans.
    And we are also not standing by as we sink under the weight 
of the anchor. We are taking steps to fight our way back above 
water.
    On pricing, we need higher prices on both our package and 
mail products. At 78 cents, the U.S. first-class stamp is the 
lowest in the industrialized world. Compare it to France, at 
almost $3, and England, at $2.50.
    And the longest distance those letters have to travel is 
about 600 miles--smaller than the State of Texas. We deliver 
from the tip of Puerto Rico to the tip of Alaska for 78 cents. 
That is a distance of 5,000 miles. So, we sell the stamp at 
less than half the cost to travel eight times farther.
    If we were to change the stamp price to 90 to 95 cents, 
which is still less than half of the cost of foreign posts, 
that would largely solve our controllable loss, and the stamp 
would still be the lowest in the industrialized world by a lot.
    And on the cost side, the Postal Service has undertaken a 
transformation of our network and operating practices to reduce 
costs. We know that our execution should have been much better 
and that we have not achieved all the savings that we initially 
projected, but we can do more. We will continue to reduce costs 
wherever we can, and I have asked our team to develop a plan to 
further reduce costs.
    So, I am here to tell America that we can do anything you 
want. We have been doing exactly that for over 250 years. If 
you want the same number of delivery days and post offices, we 
can do that--but someone has to pay for it. If you want to have 
a discussion about reducing services, we can do that too. But 
there is one thing we cannot do, and that is the status quo.
    And we do not have a lot of time. One easy action, 
increasing our borrowing authority, buys us time--time that we 
can use to best determine what the Postal Service should do to 
best serve the American public.
    We stand ready to continue serving all Americans. We just 
ask that you take away the anchors and let us operate like a 
truly independent agency, free from requirements that weigh us 
down, or that you compensate us for the cost of those anchors. 
If we can do either of those, I can promise unparalleled 
service for the next 250 years.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much, General.
    Mr. Marroni, welcome. We are delighted that you are here. 
You are recognized for your opening statement.

                 STATEMENT OF MR. DAVID MARRONI 
               DIRECTOR, PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 
             U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE 

    Mr. Marroni. Thank you, Chairman Sessions, Ranking Member 
Mfume, and Members of the Subcommittee. I am pleased to be here 
today to discuss the future of the United States Postal 
Service.
    GAO has been making the case for more than 15 years that 
USPS' finances are a high-risk issue in need of substantial 
transformation. Rising costs and declining mail volumes have 
made USPS' existing business model unsustainable. As a result, 
it has accumulated billions of dollars in net losses, as its 
debt and unfunded liabilities have continued to grow.
    We are now at a critical moment, with the Postmaster 
General stating that USPS could run out of cash as early as 
next year. Urgent action is needed to get ahead of any near-
term cash crisis while also putting USPS on a sustainable, 
long-term path. Without action, there could be substantial 
consequences for American households and businesses that rely 
on USPS' services.
    In short, it is time for Congress to fix USPS' outdated 
business model. This will require making difficult choices with 
significant trade-offs. There are no easy solutions. However, 
it is better to make those choices now rather than wait until 
crisis hits.
    To be clear, USPS and Congress have taken significant 
actions in the past five years. USPS has implemented a wide-
ranging ten year plan with the aim of fixing its finances, and 
Congress has passed major postal legislation to provide 
financial relief.
    However, those actions have not been enough. While USPS has 
been able to increase its revenue and cut some costs, its 
overall expenses have grown at a faster rate while its service 
performance has declined.
    This pattern is not sustainable. There is a fundamental 
tension between the level of services that Congress expects 
USPS to provide and the revenue that USPS can reasonably be 
expected to generate. Something has to change.
    For its part, USPS needs to take additional actions within 
its own authority to try and improve its financial situation. 
This includes considering changes to its current ten year plan 
and identifying ways to increase its revenues while tackling 
cost growth.
    As it does so, USPS should develop long-term financial 
projections that will help communicate its outlook and progress 
to Congress and identify actions to help put it on a 
financially viable path.
    That said, it is highly unlikely that USPS will be able to 
fix its poor financial condition on its own. Congress will need 
to act.
    Indeed, Congress may need to provide some short-term 
financial relief to help USPS avoid running out of cash. At the 
same time, it is essential that Congress also address the long-
term issues with USPS' business model.
    If those underlying issues are not addressed now, USPS will 
likely continue to struggle financially and its service 
performance may decline further. Indeed, within five years, 
USPS will be responsible for an additional $6 billion a year in 
retiree healthcare costs on top of other expenses that are 
likely to continue to grow.
    To fix USPS' business model for the long term, Congress 
will need to decide on the level of Postal Service the Nation 
requires and determine a balanced approach to funding those 
services.
    In conclusion, USPS has been struggling financially for 
years and is now approaching a crisis point. It is imperative 
that USPS and Congress act with urgency to both address the 
near-term cash crisis as well as fix USPS' business model for 
the long term.
    There are difficult choices ahead, but those choices need 
to be made now to put USPS on a sustainable financial path. A 
financially viable USPS will best be able to provide high-
quality service to the American people.
    Mr. Chairman, that concludes my opening statement. I will 
be happy to answer any questions.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much.
    Obviously, your insight from both of you will be available 
to this Subcommittee, and I appreciate that.
    I would move first, does the distinguished gentleman, the 
Chairman of the Committee, wish time?
    The gentleman, Mr. Comer.
    Mr. Comer. I am just going to ask questions whenever----
    Mr. Sessions. Okay. Then it sounds like the gentleman is 
going to be here for a little bit. I would move to the 
distinguished gentlewoman--oh, you do want to go now?
    Mr. Comer. Well, I thought you meant a statement.
    Mr. Sessions. No.
    Mr. Comer. I am sorry. I apologize.
    Mr. Sessions. For time.
    Mr. Comer. And, Mr. Chairman, thank you and the Ranking 
Member for always having quality meetings.
    Mr. Postmaster General, welcome. I have three questions I 
am going to try to get in, in my 5 minutes.
    I want to start with a report of the Office of Inspector 
General regarding waste in the Postal Service USPS Ship 
program, a topic that is of significant concern to this 
Committee.
    The OIG found that the Postal Service has spent over $1.5 
billion developing this Ship program, and it is something that 
the private sector already has, the private sector already 
offers.
    The program wasted billions. The OIG recommended ending it. 
Your Chief Financial Officer agreed to end it. But it has not 
ended.
    First, do you agree that the USPS should not spend billions 
recreating programs that the private sector already offers at a 
fraction of the cost?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I mean, that is a great question. You 
know, from our perspective, we want to give the customer the 
best experience, and, generally, I would say, giving the 
customer the best experience is dealing directly with our 
customers. But we have looked at situations where we would have 
others between us and our customers to do that type of 
technology work.
    We are actually looking at it right now----
    Mr. Comer. But--and I apologize for interrupting, but I 
have limited time.
    So, will you or will you not commit to ending this program 
immediately? I mean, that is part of what we are all concerned 
about, at least on this side of the aisle, is the losses. We 
want to protect----
    Mr. Steiner. Of course.
    Mr. Comer [continuing]. The Postal Service, but we have got 
to make some business decisions.
    Mr. Steiner. No doubt about it. And I will tell you, Mr. 
Chairman, that we have not made a final decision on that. But I 
appreciate the question, and we will make sure to get you a 
final decision on that posthaste.
    Mr. Comer. Well, let us talk about the Postal Service 
Reform Act. I worked very closely when I was Ranking Member 
with then-Chairman [sic] Maloney, and that was a true 
bipartisan bill, because there is bipartisan support for the 
Postal Service.
    One of the things that we expected when we gave the Postal 
Service some money to stabilize the books--everything that you 
are talking about today we did five years ago. What cost-
cutting measures has the USPS implemented since the Postal 
Service Reform Act passed and became law?
    Mr. Steiner. Sure. As you are well aware, you know, we 
transformed the network. We basically went to a typical hub-
and-spoke network, something that has been around for hundreds 
of years, been used by every logistics company since 1955.
    Going to that network--so we reduced transportation costs, 
we reduced number of times that we move boxes--that has----
    Mr. Comer. Did that reduce costs?
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. That has reduced costs by about 
$2.1 billion, $2.2 billion.
    Mr. Comer. Well, according to----
    Mr. Steiner. Now, remember, our original projection was 
$3.6, so we are not there yet.
    Mr. Comer. Based on the numbers, it looks to me like nearly 
80 percent of the U.S. Postal Service's costs are labor, which 
is the case with just about every government agency. The 
biggest expense in your entire budget is personnel.
    And most Federal agencies today have hiring freezes. Why 
would that not be something you would be looking at to reduce 
costs instead of asking Congress for a bailout?
    Mr. Steiner. Oh, we are absolutely looking at that.
    Now, remember, there are two pieces to our network. There 
are folks that actually deliver the mail. And, you know, you do 
not want to do a hiring freeze there, because if we do that, 
then we will not deliver mail.
    From a management perspective, you know, we have not 
increased the number of our employees dramatically, but, as you 
know, we have brought in the----
    Mr. Comer. But they have increased, and every other 
government agency is decreasing the----
    Mr. Steiner. Well, actually----
    Mr. Comer [continuing]. Number of employees----
    Mr. Steiner. Actually----
    Mr. Comer [continuing]. Just like at most private-sector 
roles.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, actually, in the last four years, we have 
about 30,000, 35,000 fewer employees. And we are moving toward 
more of those employees being pre-career rather than career.
    There are two ways we can really save money here. That is 
changing our mix of career and non-career more toward non-
career.
    Mr. Comer. You are talking about part-time and full-time, 
right?
    Mr. Steiner. Correct. Basically.
    And the other is overtime, both regular overtime, penalty 
overtime. You know, those are $100 million to $150 million for 
every percentage point you move them. So that is where we are 
focused at.
    Mr. Comer. What about----
    Mr. Steiner. But you are absolutely right, we have to look 
at everything. We cannot look at just one piece.
    Mr. Comer. And, look, we support the postal workers. My 
grandmother delivered the mail. She spent 27 years as a mail 
carrier in Red Boiling Springs, Tennessee. I support the Post 
Office. It is very popular in my district. But people are 
frustrated with the Post Office. We all have horror stories 
from the Postal Service.
    But what is frustrating to me and, I think, many Members on 
this Committee is that it seems like we are trying to do more 
in the Postal Service in-house instead of privatizing. Even 
before the Postal Reform Act passed a few years ago, you 
privatized a lot of the logistics and things like that that it 
appears now the Postal Service is trying to do itself.
    And it is hard for me to believe, as much trouble as the 
Postal Service has at delivering the mail on time efficiently, 
that anyone would believe the Postal Service, run by the 
government, can operate cheaper than private companies that 
have been contracted with the Postal Service for years.
    And we are--or, I will speak for myself--I am frustrated 
that a lot of private companies that have been doing business 
with the Postal Service for years have been cut out in the last 
year or two.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I mean, I am not sure which part of the 
network you are referring to. We did--the only thing that we 
have really in-sourced in the last year is our local 
transportation network, and we have started to in-source that.
    I will tell you, anytime I can do something better, 
cheaper, we are going to do it. And that is one area----
    Mr. Comer. It is hard for me to believe you are doing it 
cheaper from the Postal Service. You have done that, and you 
are asking for more money. It is just hard to believe. Maybe it 
is true, but it is hard for me to believe, being in Congress 9-
1/2 years.
    Mr. Steiner. Well, if you believe our accountants, it is 
true. There is about----
    Mr. Comer. I do not know. If they work for the government, 
I will have to think about that, but.
    Mr. Steiner. There is about $44 million that we have saved 
by in-sourcing that.
    But, even more importantly, it helps service. So, when we 
use third parties, we have to call them, it takes them time to 
get there. You know, sometimes they will show, sometimes they 
will not. When we have our own folks onsite with the trucks, 
they can move immediately. So, what we get is better service at 
a cheaper cost.
    Now, that is not to say that there is not plenty that we do 
not do well. But that is one thing we are doing pretty well.
    Mr. Comer. Mr. Chairman, my time has expired. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    The gentleman, Mr. Mfume, is recognized.
    Mr. Mfume. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, again.
    Mr. Postmaster General, I took some notes on what you were 
saying, and I have a couple of observations, and maybe you can 
kind of point me in the direction where you think you should be 
going.
    Aside from that, there is an old saying that says, ``The 
hurrier I go, the behinder I get.'' And we have been rushing, 
through this Committee, for the last several years, 
emphatically trying to find a way to avoid the crisis that is 
in front of us now. And we look up, and behinder we are.
    So, your points, if I have them correctly, was that you do 
not have the ability to manage your worker compensation plans. 
Is that correct?
    Mr. Steiner. That is one of them, yes.
    Mr. Mfume. That you have lost $81 billion in real-time over 
an accumulated number of years as a result of a reduction in 
the volume of mail in the United States. Is that correct?
    Mr. Steiner. Well, we lost 104 billion pieces. I was just 
using the 78-cent stamp for illustrative purposes.
    Mr. Mfume. Okay. And----
    Mr. Steiner. But, yes, that would be----
    Mr. Mfume [continuing]. The other point you were making is 
that, unlike other places, you are required to transport to 
remote places across the United States. Is that correct?
    Mr. Steiner. That is correct.
    Mr. Mfume. And you said that the 78-cent stamp is the 
lowest out of all industrialized countries and that it travels 
with fewer miles for it to be taken advantage of or deliver, I 
should say, the mail. Is that correct?
    Mr. Steiner. That is correct.
    Mr. Mfume. This is a situation that Mr. Marroni mentioned 
earlier, about the GAO strongly recommending, aside from 
congressional assistance in terms of money, that the Postal 
Service do everything that it can within its power to drive 
back the costs and to get out of the situation we are in.
    Mr. Marroni, is that correct?
    Mr. Marroni. Yes, that is correct.
    Mr. Mfume. And what would some of those things be?
    Mr. Marroni. So, there are ways to get compensation under 
control. That is the major area of cost growth. There would be 
continue to find ways to get costs out of transportation, out 
of the network process.
    There are steps that USPS has been taking to get those 
costs under control, but you have the fundamental issue of 
volume is declining while the amount of places the USPS has to 
deliver are increasing. So, there is a fundamental disconnect 
there that is driving up costs.
    Mr. Mfume. And I am sure Benjamin--well, we will not call 
his name here today, because I am sure he is probably spinning 
in his grave looking at this. But the first Postmaster General 
could not anticipate FedEx, Amazon, UPS, but you are faced with 
those as a competing force.
    Can you take a quick minute and tell us whether or not you 
have any ability to control those costs--or losses, I should 
say?
    Mr. Steiner. In what regard?
    Mr. Mfume. Well, what are you doing with your competition, 
who clearly wants to do all that it can to take away your 
business?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. A great question.
    Look, the reality is, until the recent changes to the 
network, we did not have a network that could even compete with 
FedEx and UPS and Amazon. It just could not compete. And so, 
what we have designed now is a network that can compete, but it 
competes at the lower level.
    So, just to give you an example, our average weight of our 
package is about 1 to 1.2 pounds. FedEx, UPS, they are closer 
five pounds. And as you move up in weight, you move up in 
value, and so you move up in profitability.
    So, our network was designed for lower-weight packages. We 
need to move that up. We need to go after those higher-value 
packages. But we also need to continue to get those lower-value 
packages.
    And, then, in that lower-value package market, what you 
have seen is a dramatic change in how that market is being 
served. What do I mean by that? The gig economy. So, you have 
got very-low-cost providers, coming from foreign countries, 
being subsidized by foreign governments----
    Mr. Mfume. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Coming in and selling 
transportation at below cost so that they can----
    Mr. Mfume. I got it. I am going to have to reclaim my time. 
It is very limited. And maybe you will get a chance to respond 
to another Member's question on that subject. But let me just 
go back to the point I initially made that Mr. Marroni said.
    Short of everything that is being proposed as stopgap 
measures, that UPS should be doing everything it can under its 
authority to reduce costs. Can you tell us what that is? I want 
to follow up on the Chairman's question on that. And, 
specifically, tell us how those costs have been reduced.
    Mr. Postmaster?
    Mr. Steiner. Oh, I am sorry. I thought you were talking to 
the other David.
    So, you know, obviously, we put together a network that 
reduces number of trips, reduces transportation costs, reduces 
fuel costs. I mean, as I said, it is a hub-and-spoke network. 
It has been proven to work since it was invented in 1955 by 
Delta Airlines. Every major logistics company uses it.
    But there is a difference between building a network and 
operating a network. And we have built the network. We are 
close to done building the network. We have yet to fully really 
learn how to operate the network. And that is where the savings 
start to come, is when you learn how to operate the network.
    What you have seen is that the pace of savings has 
increased and the pace of service has----
    Mr. Mfume. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Gotten better.
    Mr. Mfume. Thank you, sir. My time has expired, though.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    The distinguished gentlewoman, Chairwoman of the Rules 
Committee, Ms. Foxx, is recognized.
    Ms. Foxx. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman.
    I thank our witnesses for being here.
    And I want to say that I particularly join Mr. Mfume and 
you, Mr. Chairman, in thanking the local postal workers for 
their work.
    I am a lifelong letter-writer and always use the Post 
Office, but I am very concerned with the caliber of service 
that we are getting and with the fact that the Post Office 
continues to come to us for more money.
    I mailed my husband a valentine a week before Valentine's 
Day; he still has not received it. People in my office know 
people who have sent out wedding invitations, mailed in plenty 
of time; people have not received them a month later.
    This is unacceptable, Mr. Postmaster General--absolutely 
unacceptable. If you want people to stop not using the Post 
Office, you want them to continue to use the Post Office, then 
they have to get the kind of service that they deserve and have 
had in the past.
    Now, we were told the ``Delivering for America'' plan was a 
longtime strategy to steady Postal Service finances, improve 
operations, and protect the future of the mail system, but the 
USPS losses continue, productivity has declined, Americans get 
repeated rate increases, slower services.
    I was a big part of the Postal Service Reform Act, also, in 
2022.
    So, given what is going on, the very negative things that 
are happening, what evidence suggests the current plan is 
working--I heard what you just said--and why should Congress 
expect different results if the DFA plan continues?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I could not agree with you more on the 
service issue. We absolutely have to do a better job with what 
we call the ``tail of the mail''--the wedding invitation that 
shows up late, the Valentine's Day card that does not get there 
on time.
    You know, this is an unbelievably complicated network. Just 
to give you perspective, FedEx and UPS both deliver well under 
ten billion packages a year--well under ten billion. We deliver 
110 billion pieces per year. And so, this network is so much 
more sophisticated than those networks because of mail, and so 
there are hundreds of pinch points where there can be problems.
    It goes back to what I said earlier. You can build a 
network, but you have got to learn how to operate the network. 
And I will tell you, we are not great at operating the network.
    We have put Doug Tulino in charge of that, making sure that 
all three of our pieces that do delivery are joined together 
and working together, and you have started to see progress. You 
have started to see some very good progress in service. I am--
--
    Ms. Foxx. So----
    Mr. Steiner. I am not going to sit here and tell you that 
we are there yet.
    Ms. Foxx. So, can we expect modifications to the plan and 
better service?
    Mr. Marroni said that you have controllable costs, but you 
did not give us any specifics. We know that if you could reduce 
controllable costs by roughly two percent per year, you would 
put the Postal Service on a path to break even.
    Given that possibility, what specific steps is USPS taking 
to reduce controllable costs?
    Mr. Steiner. Well, we have got to look at controllable 
costs everywhere.
    So, we have talked about it in the network.
    You have got fuel costs. Of course, you are going to see 
those disappear as we have seen the price of fuel go up.
    You have got labor costs. You have seen our work-hours come 
down by over 50 million work-hours. Now we need to make sure 
that those work-hours are straight-time hours, not overtime 
hours.
    And we need to make sure that our complement moves more 
toward pre-career than career. We still have a lot of room to 
grow there. So, there is a lot of dollars to be saved right 
there.
    Ms. Foxx. I want to----
    Mr. Steiner. The rest of the money is going to come by us 
learning how to operate the network better.
    But let me make it very, very, very, very clear: we are not 
going to save our way out of the hole that we are in. There 
is--you know, I know that the prior plan said break even in 
2023. Not gonna happen. Did not happen, and I do not expect to 
see it happen anytime soon on the current path that we are on.
    Ms. Foxx. I want----
    Mr. Steiner. Why is that? Because----
    Ms. Foxx. I would like----
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Inflation keeps eating up our 
savings.
    Ms. Foxx. I would like to follow up on a question from 
Chairman Comer also about duplicative in-sourcing done.
    I think many of us share the concern that there is a way to 
contract out a lot of services but you keep bringing those 
things back inside, and it is costing more because of the 
overtime and the number of people that you have there working.
    So, please say a little bit more about what you can do not 
to have this in-sourcing going on.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. As far as I know, there is only one thing 
we in-sourced, and, again, that is local transportation. And 
those costs, I said, down $44 million. That is 17 percent. 
There is a 17-percent savings in that cost of local 
transportation. Not only is there 17-percent savings, but we 
get better service. I think that is a win-win.
    I am not going to tell you that is going to solve the 
problem. Forty-four million dollars does not get you there. But 
that is one instance where I would tell you we made the right 
business decision.
    Ms. Foxx. Mr. Chairman, thank you for your indulgence. I 
yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much. I appreciate the 
gentlewoman taking time. I know that these are important issues 
to her, and she catches me on a regular basis, and I appreciate 
her taking time here.
    The gentlewoman, Ms. Norton, is recognized.
    Ms. Norton. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I want to begin by thanking Postal Service employees for 
their dedication and hard work.
    Postal General, disgruntled residents have brought to my 
attention that their local post offices are often closed during 
normal business hours. That is unacceptable. I request that you 
examine this matter and report back to me within 30 days on how 
you will fix it.
    At a time when more and more Americans are struggling to 
cover the costs of basic goods and services, increased Postal 
Service prices are especially hard to accept.
    Millions of people across the country rely on the Postal 
Service to pay their bills, file their taxes, run their 
businesses, and fully participate in our society.
    Since July 2021, First-Class Mail rates have increased by 
nearly 42 percent. At the same time, the delivery standards 
have been lengthened from two to three days to three to five 
days.
    Postal General, can you comment--can you commit that the 
costs of the Postal Service's financial situation will not be 
disproportionately borne by customers via increased prices and 
lower delivery standards?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, you know, look, we are still by far the 
lowest-priced stamp in the industrialized world. Every 
industrialized country has dealt with this issue, and they have 
had to triple, quadruple prices.
    You talked about the 42-percent price increase. That is 
because we were at such a low base relative to the rest of the 
world. Six of the last 12 price increases have been under two 
percent.
    And so, you know, I am a firm believer that the market 
should set the rate, and the market is not setting the rate 
right now.
    And the other thing I would say is, look, we are all users 
of the Postal Service. If we raise the stamp by a price of 15 
cents, someone that uses 100 stamps a year, that costs them a 
dollar and a half. If you are a super-user and you used 1,000 
stamps a year, it costs you $150. Is that worth saving the 
Postal Service?
    Ms. Norton. Mr. Marroni, what changes can be made to Postal 
Service operations to put the Postal Service back to a secure 
financial footing without continuing to see higher prices and 
lower service levels?
    Mr. Marroni. So, in terms of that model, I do not think it 
is possible that USPS, on its own, without some sort of revenue 
increases and cost growth, can get to a sustainable path.
    I do think that congressional action is going to be needed, 
based on our work, to address either: first, what is the level 
of service that the American people need? Is it the same? Less? 
More? And then figuring out, how is that going to be funded? 
You could reduce services and USPS could take actions--cut 
costs, increase revenues--to try and meet that level of 
service, or you could reduce service levels, or something in 
between.
    But I do not think, based on where things are right now, 
USPS, on its own, could--it can take actions to reduce costs, 
it can take actions to increase revenue, but I do not think it 
can get there on its own.
    Ms. Norton. The Postal Service must not only be accessible 
and reliable, its services must be also affordable. The 
American people need an affordable Postal Service.
    And I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentlewoman yields back her time.
    I would also like to take just a second and thank you for 
your service. This is not a point that we will be at as we will 
be later in the year, but I want to thank you--both Mr. Mfume--
appreciate your not only insistence to come to every one of our 
Subcommittee hearings but to genuinely participate in that. And 
I appreciate you very much, and I want to thank you.
    Ms. Norton. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. The distinguished gentleman, Mr. Palmer from 
Alabama, you are recognized, sir.
    Mr. Palmer. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    And thanks, Mr. Postmaster General, Mr. Marroni, for being 
here.
    There is a report published by the Envelope Manufacturers 
Association. It is an economic study. And what they find is 
that your revenues have remained relatively stable at roughly 
$78 billion to $79 billion annually, but the controllable costs 
have continued to rise, increasing by billions of dollars over 
the past several years.
    And I am just--they make a point that if you could produce 
controllable costs by just two percent annually, you would 
eliminate your operating losses and reach a break-even by 2030. 
That basically, when this report was done, would have been 
about five years.
    How do you respond to that?
    Mr. Steiner. I will tell you, I have been a part of two of 
the largest logistics companies in the world for the last 20-
some-odd years, Waste Management and FedEx. Neither of them 
have been able to do that.
    You know, everyone thinks, ``Oh, it is easy. It is very 
easy. Just get productivity.'' The problem is, you have got 
expenses rising. You have got to give employees pay increases. 
Fuel goes up----
    Mr. Palmer. I am going to interrupt you right there, 
because part of your increase in expenses has to do with the 
mandate to purchase next-generation delivery vehicles, which is 
a euphemism for electric vehicles. And the ones that you are--
the Post Office is buying from Oshkosh were, like, $20,000 more 
than your conventional vehicles. The ones you purchased from 
Ford were $10,000.
    And then you have got--I know the Federal Government has 
allocated $3 billion in the so-called Inflation Reduction Act 
for this, but your overall cost is going to be close to $10 
billion.
    So how do you--when you are doing things like this that--I 
cannot make an economic case for this.
    Mr. Steiner. Well, look, you are going to hear me say this 
repeatedly and over and over again. If I am in the private 
sector, I have got options. If I have 71 percent of my routes 
that are losing money, guess what I can do? Cut routes. If I 
have 80 percent of my stores that are losing money, you know 
what I can do? I can cut routes. I can raise prices. I can do 
all the things that I can do in the public [sic] sector.
    We do not have options. We have mandates.
    Mr. Palmer. Well, here is where you could help us out to 
help you. I would like for you to provide to the Committee--the 
Subcommittee, and we will provide it to the full Committee--a 
breakdown of where your revenues come from. Is it personal 
mail? Business mail? You know, package delivery?
    Mr. Steiner. Sure.
    Mr. Palmer. Advertising? Junk mail? You know, business/
political----
    Mr. Steiner. ``Marketing mail,'' please.
    Mr. Palmer. Well----
    Mr. Steiner. I used to make that same mistake. I do not 
make it anymore. I call it ``revenue.''
    Mr. Palmer. Okay. Well, but, also, where is your cost, tied 
into this? You know, you have got a revenue stream from 
different types of delivery, but you have also got a cost.
    So, I think that would be helpful, and I think the GAO----
    Mr. Steiner. Of course. Of course.
    Mr. Palmer [continuing]. Might be able to help----
    Mr. Steiner. But let us----
    Mr. Palmer [continuing]. Come up with that as well.
    But, getting back to this, I know there is a lot of angst 
or anger about delivery. I mean, my wife ordered a necklace, 
and it went to--we live in Birmingham--it went to Birmingham, 
then it went to someplace in Florida, and then it went to 
Orlando, and then it came back to--what should have been three 
days was ten days. And then she did not like the necklace, 
which is another issue.
    But what we are trying to do is get you where you can 
operate but--and I am going to talk with the Chairman of the 
full Committee about what legislation we might be able to 
introduce that will help deal with some of these mandates. For 
instance, the electric vehicle issues, but also the management 
of the pension funds, these other things.
    Rather than come in and give us these things, give us some 
ideas on, legislatively, how we can fix this. Because I am not 
interested in beating up the Post Office; I am interested in 
fixing it. And if it cannot be fixed, then we need to, Mr. 
Chairman, we need to look at other options.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. Would love to have that conversation.
    Mr. Palmer. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the opportunity to 
raise these questions. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. I appreciate the gentleman.
    I know we are all pressed on votes and a lot of things 
going on here, but, in fact, that when I consume my time, you 
will hear where we think we have been doing this and have 
committed ourselves to some other things. But the success of 
that rain dance has not been achieved because the Postmaster 
General has embarked on some things that he was hoping would 
alleviate some of these things or give him a longer-term 
answer, and they--that is still part of this discussion----
    Mr. Palmer. May----
    Mr. Sessions [continuing]. And part of why we are here 
today.
    Yes, sir?
    Mr. Palmer. Mr. Chairman, I want to make it clear that I 
would like for the Postmaster General's office to provide that 
breakdown of the revenues so that we can juxtapose those 
against where the costs are.
    Mr. Sessions. Yes, sir. And I would respond back to the 
distinguished gentleman and tell him: We agree. Our working 
group is to get there. And last month we sat down with the 
Postmaster General and his financial team and did agree to do 
exactly that. And this was going to be the first breakout 
session since that time.
    And I appreciate the gentleman, and we will be glad to 
share those with you.
    Mr. Palmer. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. Yes, sir. Thank you very much.
    Let us see. We now go to the--Mr. Frost.
    Mr. Frost. Thank you so much, Mr. Chair.
    Mr. Sessions. You are recognized.
    Mr. Frost. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    Thank you, Mr. Marroni and Postmaster General, for being 
here.
    And, also, Postmaster General, thank you for taking the 
time to sit with us in that briefing a few months ago.
    A couple topics I want to ask about. The first one is 
something I am a bit concerned about.
    So, President Trump has announced his plans to require 
postal workers to question residents on their citizenship 
status as part of a summer pilot test for the 2030 census.
    An accurate census is the only way we can ensure fair and 
equal representation. It helps determine how congressional 
districts are drawn and makes sure that Federal funds reach 
communities.
    Postmaster General, how does the Postal Service plan to 
address the gap in expertise if postal workers are expected to 
perform the duties of census workers?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. It is--as you probably read, that is why 
we are doing two pilots, very small pilots. I think the total 
cost is around $200,000, probably a little less than that. In 
one of the pilots, our folks will actually take the oath and 
be--and do the census. In the other, they will do it as part of 
their postal duties.
    And it comes from the fact that everything that, in my 
conversations with the Secretary of Commerce, everything that 
he has talked about with respect to the census is, how do we do 
it better, cheaper?
    And he said, the best way to do it better, cheaper, is to 
get people to go that they trust, that are there every day, 
that, you know, they probably know, so they are going to open 
the door, so they do not have to go back five and six times.
    And so, it is strictly a pilot to see if we can do it 
faster, better, cheaper. And if so, that will be a service to 
the American public.
    Again, it is a big, big, big undertaking, and so that is 
why we are doing the two pilots, to see if we can make it work.
    Mr. Frost. And how will you ensure service delivery is not 
impacted if Postal Service--if postal workers have to balance 
their mail delivery duties with the administration of the 
census?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I mean, look, that is why we are doing 
the pilots. You know, actually, it would be good for the 
carriers, because they can make a little bit of overtime. A lot 
of our carriers like to earn the overtime. But that is why we 
are doing it, so that we can figure out how do we best make it 
work for our employees and for the census.
    Again, a long way before we actually get it done. That is 
why we are doing the pilots. Hopefully we will be able to do it 
faster, better, cheaper.
    Mr. Frost. Thank you.
    Also, the Postal Service is implementing a new 
transportation plan--this is the RTO, Regional Transportation 
Optimization initiative--which may impact 72 percent of postal 
offices.
    The Postal Service Office of the Inspector General has 
projected that this plan may slow mail delivery. People rely on 
USPS to get mail quickly--medications, their ballots, bills, et 
cetera.
    Are you confident that you can ensure that the RTO 
initiative will not slow mail delivery?
    Mr. Steiner. Absolutely certain, because, actually, RTO 
does not affect delivery. It only affects collection. So, on 
delivery, there has been absolutely no change. The only changes 
that RTO brings is on collection.
    Mr. Frost. Okay. And then--okay. Gotcha.
    And then the last thing I want to talk about is the fact 
that the USPS is not a business opportunity. It provides 
essential services, like helping rural Americans get their 
prescriptions. Private carriers charge extra to deliver to 
rural areas, even if they deliver there at all.
    You were kind of talking about this, the options that 
private corporations may have that we do not have. And it is a 
good thing we do not have those options, because, no matter 
what, our postal workers are going to deliver the mail no 
matter where you live. And that is part of what separates this 
service that we all believe in from a business.
    Rural areas are already losing their hospitals and 
pharmacies, and it is more important than ever that rural 
Americans can get their medication from the USPS.
    Mr. Marroni, if the Postal Service was privatized, how 
would this impact people in my district or across the country? 
How could that impact their day-to-day experience with the 
USPS?
    Mr. Marroni. So, there are definitely tradeoffs with 
privatization. It is possible they might be able to reduce 
costs and increase revenues faster, but then it also means they 
might not serve certain routes that are unprofitable, they 
might close postal locations that are not profitable either, to 
get to profitability.
    Mr. Frost. What are the kind of--what type of Americans, 
what type of people could expect maybe a loss in service if it 
was privatized?
    Mr. Marroni. So, there is a higher percentage of rural and 
small community locations that are unprofitable. So, there are 
some urban areas as well that have unprofitable locations, but 
the bulk is going to be rural and small, so that is where it 
would disproportionately fall.
    Mr. Frost. Okay.
    Thank you. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much.
    The gentleman yields back his time.
    We are now on votes. There are four votes that are being 
called. I have advised the gentleman, Mr. Gill, he will be 
first one when we come back.
    And there will be these four votes that will take probably 
a good bit of time. We have figured this one out before. Do not 
know if a rule is in the mix. But let us advise the Members 
that we will come back 10 minutes after the last vote.
    I would like to have Members come back. This is a very 
important hearing. We have distinguished Members who have taken 
their time to be here this afternoon.
    Mr. Gill, you will be the first one when we return.
    And I would say to the witnesses and the people here, thank 
you for taking time. I am sorry, this is the part of our 
business that we just have to go through.
    So, the Committee will now be in recess.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. Sessions. The Subcommittee will come to order.
    And thank you very much. I apologize for the delay.
    We now will go back with Members' opportunities for their 
questions.
    The gentleman from Texas, Mr. Gill, is recognized.
    Mr. Gill. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for holding this 
hearing.
    And thank you to Postmaster General Steiner and to Mr. 
Marroni for taking the time to be here. We certainly really 
appreciate it.
    Mr. Steiner, I want to begin with a few questions for you.
    Do you know how many of the drivers who haul mail for USPS 
are using non-domiciled Commercial Driver's License (CDL)s?
    Mr. Steiner. To my knowledge, at this point, none.
    Mr. Gill. Do you know if it is a lot or just a few?
    Mr. Steiner. None.
    Mr. Gill. So, what I am--from what I am hearing from mail 
processing centers, there have been quite a few. In fact, I 
have heard from several large ones who have said something to 
the extent about half of the drivers who are coming to pick up 
mail are--appear to be non-domiciled, that they typically do 
not even speak English. I have heard that over half of them do 
not speak English. There have been suggestions that many of 
them are perhaps illegal aliens.
    Are you familiar with that?
    Mr. Steiner. I am not sure where that information comes 
from, but with our----
    Mr. Gill. It is coming from major mail----
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I----
    Mr. Gill [continuing]. Processing facilities.
    Mr. Steiner. That probably would not surprise me. But my 
guess is that----
    Mr. Gill. So, it would not surprise you that there are a 
lot of drivers who are non-domiciled?
    Mr. Steiner. No, it would not surprise me that that is 
where the information is coming from. Because, if you look at 
the information from our United States Postal Inspection 
Service, which everybody that hauls for us has to go through a 
check with them, I think they have probably got better 
information.
    Mr. Gill. And what is that information?
    Mr. Steiner. That every driver that drives for us, whether 
they are an employee or whether they are part of a third-party 
contractor, has to go through and make sure that they are a 
domiciled CDL holder.
    Mr. Gill. Is that being enforced? Because I have been told 
by multiple different parties that that rule is not, in fact, 
being enforced in any meaningful way.
    Mr. Steiner. I have been told by our Postal Service that it 
is.
    Mr. Gill. Okay. Well, I have got--this is from a 
whistleblower, Postal whistleblower. ``Here are [multiple] non-
domicile licenses from one hour of check-ins at one USPS 
facility!'' This was from March 2026 that has been recorded.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. If you would send that on to us, I will 
have our Postal Inspection Service look at that and find out 
what happened.
    Mr. Gill. We have also got recording from Pete Routsolias, 
who is the VP of Transportation Strategy at USPS, who has said, 
quote, ``We did not understand the magnitude of how many people 
are using non-domiciled CDLs,'' suggesting that they attempted 
to stop this practice but realized that there are too many 
drivers who are using these non-domiciled CDLs, so, it was not, 
I guess, practicable to enforce that particular ruling.
    Are you familiar with that at all?
    Mr. Steiner. Not familiar at all, no.
    Mr. Gill. So, it is your testimony that there are no CDL 
drivers--or, no mail carriers, excuse me, who are non-domiciled 
CDL drivers?
    Mr. Steiner. No, my testimony is that I am not aware of the 
conversation that you are referencing.
    Mr. Gill. Okay.
    What are you guys doing to ensure that there are no non-
domiciled CDL drivers carrying our mail?
    Mr. Steiner. Our Postal Inspection Service looks at 
everybody that drives----
    Mr. Gill. How is--can you explain how that is being 
enforced?
    Mr. Steiner. How do you mean, ``how is it being enforced''?
    Mr. Gill. How are you ensuring that----
    Mr. Steiner. We are requiring----
    Mr. Gill [continuing]. None of the drivers are, in fact, 
non-domiciled CDLs?
    Mr. Steiner. We require our third-party contractors----
    Mr. Gill. But by what mechanism are you enforcing that, 
other than a, you know, theoretical requirement?
    Mr. Steiner. You know, I do not know how you can do 
anything other than in-person, right? I mean, our folks are----
    Mr. Gill. Are drivers required to use a Post badge?
    Mr. Steiner. As far as I know, they are, yes.
    Mr. Gill. I have heard from multiple, multiple, again, mail 
processing facilities who are telling me that none of that is 
being enforced in any meaningful way. And it seems, based on--
--
    Mr. Steiner. If you will bring me that information, we will 
make sure----
    Mr. Gill. I would be happy----
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. We will make sure it stops.
    Mr. Gill. I would be happy to do that. Because I do not 
think that that makes our roads any safer.
    Mr. Steiner. No, you are absolutely right. And, look, we 
all agree that safety is number one. But let us put it in 
perspective. You have 2,000 deaths every year from gig drivers 
driving.
    Mr. Gill. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner. You have got other companies using them to 
deliver packages.
    Mr. Gill. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner. Those folks are----
    Mr. Gill. And USPS is outsourcing that as well.
    Mr. Steiner. Not--we do not have any gig drivers for the 
United States Postal Service.
    Mr. Gill. But the mail deliver--or, mail carriers, excuse 
me, are not necessarily USPS employees. Is that correct?
    Mr. Steiner. That is not correct. They are.
    Mr. Gill. They are all employees? You do not outsource any 
of that?
    Mr. Steiner. We do not.
    Mr. Gill. You do not outsource--so every single delivery 
truck that is carrying mail in the United States is an employee 
of USPS?
    Mr. Steiner. That delivers to our customers? Absolutely.
    Mr. Gill. Or that is transporting mail?
    Mr. Steiner. Oh, no. Transporting mail is a whole different 
animal.
    Mr. Gill. That is what I am talking about----
    Mr. Steiner. We are talking about delivery.
    Mr. Gill [continuing]. Here. I am talking about----
    Mr. Steiner. I do not think----
    Mr. Gill [continuing]. Transporting mail.
    Mr. Steiner. I do not think gig drivers are transporting 
mail; they are transporting individual packages to customers. 
And there are 2,000 people dying every year----
    Mr. Gill. That is what we are----
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Because they are going through 
the neighborhoods.
    Mr. Gill. That is what we are concerned about.
    Mr. Steiner. And so, look, put it in perspective. You are 
absolutely right, so let us put it in perspective. Two thousand 
people died because we had gig drivers that are probably 
unlicensed----
    Mr. Gill. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. They are probably uninsured, they 
are untrained, and they are killing people--not on the 
highways; they are killing people in neighborhoods.
    Go talk to homeowner associations and ask about the people 
that are driving through the neighborhood, speeding through the 
neighborhood, when their kids are playing, to deliver a small 
package that should be delivered by the United States Postal 
Service.
    And so, I completely agree with you on the CDL issue.
    Mr. Gill. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner. We have taken care of that. I would like to 
see us look at taking care of the----
    Mr. Gill. Okay. Well, we will talk about that.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Gig drivers that are driving 
through our neighborhoods.
    Mr. Gill. Thank you, Mr. General. Appreciate it.
    Mr. Steiner. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. Does the gentleman choose to yield back his 
time?
    Mr. Gill. Yes.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    Thank you very much.
    We will now move to the gentlewoman, Ms. Randall.
    You are recognized.
    Ms. Randall. Thank you so much, Mr. Chairman.
    I represent the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State, and 
in my district, like, I am sure, many across the country, we 
have seen how the closure of a single post office can disrupt 
an entire community. Folks rely on USPS for service, for 
connection, for medication, for so much more.
    Last summer, the Martin Luther King Jr. Post Office in 
Tacoma closed suddenly due to reported water damage. Since 
then, residents and small businesses that rely on dependable 
mail service have been concerned, left without clear answers 
about when it will reopen.
    When the Tacoma City Council raised this issue with our 
office, we followed up with USPS and were told that the Postal 
Service was working with the landlord to assess the damage.
    My understanding now, based on updates from the city and 
the property owner, is that the roof repairs have been 
completed, and the next step is mold mitigation, to be carried 
out by USPS. But, still, like, confusion, no clear timelines 
for reopening the facility.
    For people who rely on the post office every day, it is 
more than just an inconvenience; it is an erosion of trust in a 
service that they rely on.
    Now, to be clear, like, I want mold mitigation to happen in 
the building. I do not want employees to be working in a water-
damaged and moldy space.
    But, Mr. Steiner, when a postal facility closes due to 
damage, what timeline does USPS follow for assessing damage, 
initiating repair contracts, and completing repairs?
    Mr. Steiner. Sure. You know, obviously, we will look into 
that specific situation.
    But you will hear me say this a lot. We are not proud that 
some of our post offices look like third world stores. We are 
not proud that we have 40-year-old trucks going through 
neighborhoods. We are not proud that we cannot give every 
single one of our wonderful carriers a brand-new uniform. But 
we have to make tradeoffs. You know, we are running out of 
cash, and we have to make tradeoffs.
    And so, every day, we need to make the determination, are 
we going to keep the cash to keep the mail being delivered, or 
are we going to go fix a post office or buy a new truck? It is 
why I am here today.
    We would absolutely love to have pristine post offices 
throughout the United States. It is our face to our customers. 
We do not have the cash to do it. We would love to have brand-
new trucks driving through the neighborhoods safely. We do not 
have the cash to do it.
    And so, you know, we will look into that specific instance, 
obviously, and we will get you some timelines on it, but I 
think we do have to have that conversation of, where are the 
tradeoffs? Right? Where can we make those tradeoffs, at a time 
when we will be out of cash in less than 12 months?
    Ms. Randall. Absolutely.
    And I wonder--this might be one of the tradeoffs that you 
are contemplating--what percentage of USPS facilities are 
leased versus owned? And does a reliance on leased facilities 
make it harder to complete some of the maintenance and repairs 
that facilities may be facing?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. I think the number is, about 60 percent, 
a good portion, are leased rather than owned.
    And it is--you know, as we look at--you know, I keep saying 
that everything is on the table. We have to look at those 
leases and see which ones we can keep, which ones we cannot.
    You know, and when we talk about tradeoffs, I like to look 
for cost-free tradeoffs. So, to take the example of your post 
office, our rural communities and our smaller communities, some 
of them might not have an urgent-care facility or they might 
not have a bank. Can we co-locate with them and bring more than 
just the Postal Service to that community, bring an urgent 
care, bring a bank, bring the other needed things, so that we 
can get lower cost of rent and we can also bring other things 
to the community?
    Those are the type of--you know, I love cost-free 
tradeoffs. Those are the kind of great cost-free tradeoffs that 
we can get. Would love to look at doing one in your community.
    Ms. Randall. Absolutely. And I am really proud that our 
district office shares a building with a post office. It is a 
great way for folks to get all their business done when they 
come to visit us.
    Now, the last thing I want to raise is the politicization 
of the Postal Service in the way that it is being used to 
attack the ability for our neighbors to vote by mail.
    You know, my constituents have long relied on mail-in 
voting--you know, nearly two decades in Washington State. And 
with the continued attacks on mail-in voting, I think one of 
the things that is being undermined is the trust in the Postal 
Service.
    And I am out of time, but I just wanted to raise that I 
am--our constituents are so grateful for the work of USPS to 
ensure that you get our ballots to us and then back to the 
auditor's office so that they can be counted. And preserving 
the ability for USPS to do that work is so important to the 
people of Washington State and Americans across the country.
    So, thank you.
    Mr. Steiner. Absolutely. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. Does the gentlewoman yield back her time?
    Ms. Randall. Yes. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentlewoman yields back her time.
    Thank you very much.
    The gentleman from Tennessee, Mr. Burchett, you are 
recognized.
    Mr. Burchett. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Sessions. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Burchett. It is good to be here with you and the 
Ranking Member, who were both, I guess, around when they had 
the Pony Express. So, I guess y'all are bringing some real-
world experience here.
    Mr. Steiner. Both he and I knew Abraham Lincoln.
    Mr. Burchett. That is good.
    Well, Mr. Postmaster General, what is the most up-to-date 
assessment of when Postal Service will run out of money?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. A lot of it depends--you know, we have a 
lot of obligations that we fulfill to the U.S. Government, you 
know, for retirement and things like that, so a lot of it 
depends on those.
    As you probably know, we have been defaulting on a number 
of those for a number of years. If we continue to make those 
payments, we are looking at probably October, November. If we 
stretch those out, we are looking at more like February.
    Mr. Burchett. I agree with my colleagues about reducing 
controlled costs. What are you doing to raise revenue?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. You know, again, we need to--you have got 
two different types of revenue, right? You have got what we 
call the market-dominant side, what you would call mail and 
marketing mail, and then you have got the competitive side, 
which would be packages.
    You know, on the market-dominant side, I think, you know, 
that has been going down five to seven percent compounded every 
year since probably we were born because of the internet and 
things like that.
    But I keep saying, we cannot think that that is a given. We 
have got to try to reimagine the mail. I have started to talk 
to our customers about how we can reimagine it to stop that 
decline on the market-dominant side. That is something that we 
have to work with our customers through.
    On the package side, there are only three things that 
matter when you are in the package business: speed, 
reliability, and cost. Speed, reliability, and cost.
    We have always been competitive on cost. We have not been 
competitive on speed and reliability. This past peak, we 
actually became very competitive on speed and reliability. So, 
now we have something we can go to the market with, right? We 
can go to our customers, or potential customers, and say, ``We 
can do it just as well and cheaper than other companies can do 
it.''
    And then the other thing I would say: oddly enough, this 
was shocking to me, we do not deliver all the packages for all 
the agencies of the U.S. Government. We are part of the U.S. 
Government. It is basically taking money from one pocket into 
the other pocket. Yet, we do not do business for most of the 
U.S. Government.
    So, I want to talk about how we can get into all the 
various agencies in the Federal Government----
    Mr. Burchett. I would like to talk to you about that at 
some point.
    I do not want to run out of time, but I did want to--one 
quick thing.
    With the rising postage rates, slower service standard, 
declining productivity, and request for additional 
congressional support, how do you justify the claim that the 
Postal Regulatory Commission oversight is the problem, given 
its role as the primary check on postal pricing and 
performance?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, it is one of the problems. I mean, you 
know, you heard me talk about, we have a lot of different 
mandates. But I will not show you any further than their last 
order. Their last order, by their own admission, transfers 
anywhere from $700 million to a billion dollars from us to 
mailers by not allowing us to raise prices.
    Mr. Burchett. How much was that figure again?
    Mr. Steiner. Seven hundred million to a billion.
    Mr. Burchett. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner. There are two pieces to it: they will not 
allow us to raise prices more than once, and they have 
basically changed the work-share rules, which are too 
complicated for here. But it is basically taking money from us, 
by their own admission, taking money from us and transferring 
it to mailers.
    They say they do it to balance. You know what I asked them? 
``If we are balancing things, answer me one question: of all 
the companies that do business with us, how many of them are 
losing money?''
    Mr. Burchett. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner. The answer? Zero. They are all making money. 
We are the only one losing money. I am not sure how I see that 
as a balance.
    Mr. Burchett. All right. I appreciate that. Could you have 
somebody come by my office, maybe, and talk to me about it? I 
do not want you to talk to the staff; I want you to come talk 
to me?
    Mr. Steiner. I will come.
    Mr. Burchett. All right?
    Mr. Steiner. I will come talk to you personally.
    Mr. Burchett. Well, that would be fine.
    Mr. Steiner. I would love to do it.
    Mr. Burchett. I appreciate that.
    Also, I just wanted to pay a compliment. Those folks out 
there--we moved out to off, you would not know it--off Emery 
Road, but Maynardville Highway. Those folks out there, this 
little country-type area, they are wonderful. They are just 
wonderful. And they always--they take care of folks, and they 
holler at them, and they talk to them, and it is good. ``Holler 
at them,'' that is a positive thing in----
    Mr. Steiner. Yes.
    Mr. Burchett [continuing]. The South.
    And I used to have a burgeoning eBay business and would go 
to the one on Weisgarber, and I can--some of the fondest 
memories I have with my daddy were, he was an old World War II 
veteran, and when Daddy would come in there, they would always 
pull him out a chair. And I would say, ``Daddy, you just watch 
my packages. I have got to run back out to the truck.'' Because 
sometimes I would--somebody would park a car in front of my 
house and I would sell it on eBay, the parts off of it, but--
and Daddy would just sit there, and sometimes he would go to 
sleep. And they were--but the people there were just wonderful.
    And I hope we do not lose that with the Post Office, 
because if you lost that, you lost me, brother, because----
    Mr. Steiner. You are absolutely right.
    Mr. Burchett [continuing]. Those folks are wonderful 
people.
    Mr. Steiner. And, look, we could use an entrepreneur like 
you in the Post Office, if you are selling those used parts.
    Mr. Burchett. You what? Say that again.
    Mr. Steiner. We could use an entrepreneur like you in the 
Post Office----
    Mr. Burchett. Well, I cannot----
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. From selling those used parts.
    Mr. Burchett [continuing]. I cannot really do it much, as 
these ethics people get in my way, you know. If you want to do 
insider stock trading, go to Congress. If you want to sell 
something on eBay, you better get you an attorney if you are in 
Congress.
    So, thank you, brother.
    And thank you----
    Mr. Steiner. Thank you.
    Mr. Burchett [continuing]. Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Ranking Member, for always being a class act.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    Thank you very much.
    By the way, Mr. Steiner, I think you will enjoy the 2-1/2 
or 3 hours you spend with Mr. Burchett. He is a lot of fun and 
covers a lot of ground very quickly. So, I wholeheartedly 
encourage this endeavor between the two of you.
    Thank you very much.
    If you need help making that happen, Tim, let me know.
    We now move to Ms. Budzinski.
    Ms. Budzinski, you are recognized.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you very much.
    Mr. Sessions. Excuse me. I am sorry.
    Ms. Budzinski. Oh. Yes.
    Mr. Sessions. Ms. Tlaib. I am sorry. I----
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Thank you.
    Mr. Sessions [continuing]. Scratched through this. Wait 
till you turn 50.
    Excuse me, Ms. Tlaib. You are on the Subcommittee, and you 
are recognized.
    Ms. Tlaib. Yes. Thank you so much, Chairman.
    Thank you to the Postmaster for being here.
    I want to show you a picture. This is Nicholas John Acker. 
On November 8th, he was found dead at the USPS Detroit Network 
Distribution Center in Allen Park, Michigan. As you know, he 
was a postal worker. His body was found--it was trapped, 
actually, in a mail handling machine, and he had been dead for 
about six to eight hours before he was found. He checked into 
work at 11 a.m., and his body was not discovered until the 
following day at 12:30 p.m.
    His death is an unspeakable tragedy for his family, 
including his fiancee--he had just recently got engaged--for 
his colleagues and fellow postal workers, and for the entire 
southeastern Michigan community.
    His death is heartbreaking, and it was preventable, 
Postmaster General. Nicholas had previously voiced concerns 
about the facility's operations and safety practices to his 
fiancee.
    What you should know is, those concerns were raised about 
safety measures and procedures at the facility and then how 
management there was pressuring staff to look for letters while 
the handling machine was still operating.
    Are you aware of that?
    Mr. Steiner. I am aware of the incident, yes.
    Ms. Tlaib. Are you aware that they are asking workers to 
look for letters while the machine is operating?
    Mr. Steiner. We are still waiting on the final report from 
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to 
understand what happened.
    Ms. Tlaib. Since the death, a number of Nicholas's 
coworkers at the distribution center--it has gotten worse. The 
toxic work environment, dangerous culture there has created--
USPS management at the facility has just--you know, just 
increased and gotten worse, prioritizing speed over safety.
    It has, you know, been over four months since Nicholas's 
death, and Representative Dingell and I had written a letter 
directly to you on two occasions, demanding answers to get to 
the bottom of what happened to him and what USPS leadership is 
doing to prevent this from ever happening again.
    You understand, he served our country. He did not die at 
war, he did not die--he literally died in his community, 
working for the Postal Service.
    Now that you are here in person, perhaps you can give us 
some answers to it. Can you give me some information to tell 
his mom--by the way, both his parents, you do not understand 
how devastated they are. They did not expect to get that call, 
again, of him just showing up to work, and, again, even the 
circumstances around his death were pretty horrifying for his 
mother.
    Would you at least be willing to come to Allen Park, 
Michigan, come tour this place, come visit it, come down, talk 
to the coworkers, tell his coworkers that you are working on 
making it much more safe for them to work in that space? Will 
you at least acknowledge you would be able to do that? Again, 
they deserve some acknowledgment from the Post General about 
what happened at their facility.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. Look, obviously, obviously, a horrific 
incident that, you know, my heart, the heart of the whole 
postal family goes out to him and his family.
    But, you know, to me, safety is the most important thing we 
do. One incident is one incident too many. Anytime you lose 
someone, you have got to take it personal, and you have got to 
take it as a teachable moment, right?
    I ran a company where we went--our safety numbers for, just 
for--went from 60 to 1, which is world-class. And it was not 
because one person took it; it is because everybody took it.
    And I will be at that facility.
    Ms. Tlaib. Please come down.
    Mr. Steiner. Because we need to show that it starts at the 
top, right?
    Ms. Tlaib. Absolutely.
    Mr. Steiner. And any incident is too much of an incident. 
And if there is anything that we can do to make that a 
teachable moment to save someone else----
    Ms. Tlaib. Listen, we have got to save----
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. In the Postal Service, we will 
absolutely do it.
    Ms. Tlaib. I mean, to be trapped in the machine, you know?
    Look, I know that nobody wanted this to happen to Nicholas, 
but I just feel like, you know, OSHA has not responded to any 
of our requests. It has been months, and I--you know, Chairman, 
please work with me in trying to get answers for his parents. 
It should not take this long to get answers to this 
investigation of what happened to Nicholas Acker, especially 
serving almost a decade in the military service. And for him to 
die, again, in a Postal Service machine, a sorting machine, of 
all things.
    Again, his parents deserve answers, they deserve justice. 
And they do not want talking points, Postmaster General. They 
want to, one, make sure there is justice and accountability and 
make sure it does not happen to anyone else.
    And, look, I am here to tell you, I hear a lot of the 
financial crisis that is facing the Postmaster. I have been 
talking about public banking in Postal Service, doing more in 
Postal Service. I am a big advocate for it, trust me. But this 
is what I have been focused on right now. Because when you hug 
a mother that lost her child like that, as a Member of 
Congress, I cannot give her answers until you do your job.
    I yield.
    Mr. Steiner. Understood.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentlewoman yields back.
    I want to say to the gentlewoman that I have talked to our 
staff and they were aware of it. It, as the General has stated, 
is under OSHA investigation. And Mr. Mfume and I will deal with 
this immediately and speed up not just a response but an answer 
from them. And I want to thank you for bringing that forward.
    And, General, thank you for your care and concern.
    There are a number of facts and factors about this which I 
am not able to speak about, nor you, to offer any insight into 
this, and I respect that. But I believe that his family is 
entitled to that answer, and Mr. Mfume and I will be involved 
in that.
    And, General, you will see that we are working with you to 
encourage that, properly and professionally.
    Mr. Steiner. Absolutely.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much.
    The gentleman from Georgia is now recognized, Mr. Jack.
    Mr. Jack. Well, thank you very much, Mr. Chairman.
    And I want to thank the Postmaster General for testifying 
before us. Another LSU graduate. It seems like you guys are 
taking over the U.S. Congress, but----
    Mr. Steiner. I never thought I would get the chance to say 
``Geaux, Tigers'' in front of Congress.
    Mr. Jack. But I wanted to just, first, thank you for your 
service and ask, broadly speaking, as one of the last 
questioners today: You outlined in your opening testimony the 
challenges you face as Postmaster General. Is there a version 
of USPS' future that does not require some form of 
congressional intervention in the coming years? And if so, what 
would that look like?
    Mr. Steiner. You know, I do not think there is.
    You know, I have done tons of strategic plans across a 
number of businesses, and I have never had a strategic plan 
where they say so many options are not available to you, right? 
You have losing routes; cannot cut them. You have losing post 
offices; cannot cut them. You have retirement benefits that 
only earn T-bill rates; you cannot invest it in stocks. You 
know, there are just so many, so many strings.
    I tell people that this is like ``Gulliver's Travels.'' You 
know, Gulliver was the giant in the land of the small, and one 
small person could not take him down, but they put so many 
strings on him that they were able to hold down the giant 
Gulliver.
    And that is what is happening here. It is not one string; 
it is the accumulation of all the strings. I think David spoke 
about them. It is the discussion we have to have--I keep coming 
back to: We can do whatever you want. We can absolutely do 
whatever you want. You want six days a week? You want all the 
post offices open? We can do it, but someone has got to pay for 
it, right?
    When the Postal Service split in 1971, they actually put 
something in place that they called the postal service cost. 
And they said, we understand it is going to cost a lot of money 
for you to serve rural communities, so we are going to pay you 
for that. And that number then was $460 million. If you 
translate that to today's dollars, that is anywhere from $13 
billion to $20 billion.
    So, Congress in 1971 understood that they are going to have 
to pay for the rural--for taking care of all the rural places 
that lose money and the routes that lose money. They totally 
understood it.
    You know, I would say that either we reduce the mandates 
that we have upon us on delivery days, all the different things 
that I have talked about in my remarks, or we acknowledge that 
there is a cost to, you know, back what they called then the 
public service cost, there is a cost to that that Congress is 
going to fund. You know, to me, it is six of one, half a dozen 
of another. We can do it either way.
    But recognize that all the mandates that we have cost 
money. And that money precludes us--the business model 
precludes us from being profitable. And so, either we have to 
get it through ratepayers paying it or through an appropriation 
from Congress. We can do it either way. And glad to have those 
conversations.
    Mr. Jack. Well, thank you for that.
    I have got two local issues in my district I want to 
highlight. I know we have been working diligently with your 
team. I am curious, and if it necessitates further commentary 
or correspondence after this hearing, I welcome that.
    But in Tyrone, Georgia, Fayette County, my home county, 
there was a post office that burned down in March 2023, well 
before your time. I want to congratulate you; in recent months, 
you were able to reopen at least the post-office-box element of 
that facility. But retail is still not operable.
    Curious what y'all's protocols are if you have a natural 
disaster that affects a post office, and can we work together 
to try to reopen the retail as quickly as possible.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. We will certainly, certainly follow up 
with you on that.
    Mr. Jack. And, last, Thomaston, Georgia, also in my 
district--you mentioned rural. You know, this is interesting, 
and I think it does affect some more rural post offices that 
were built before the 1960s, before Americans with Disabilities 
Act (ADA) came into effect. And we do have a lot of reports--
and I want to commend the postal employees there. They are 
trying to help folks that are, you know, in need of getting up 
stairs, and they do not have ramps, to--they are trying to help 
them get into the post office. But we just--we hear recurring 
problems there.
    Because the facility was built in the 30s--1930s, I should 
say--there has not been a lot of, I guess, you know, legal 
requirements for them to update their facilities. I am curious 
what y'all do with some those more rural post offices that do 
not have the ADA requirements but still service people that 
have ADA needs.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. Again, you know, we have to go back to 
that tradeoff. Do not know the specific details, but we will 
get back to you on it.
    But, you know, it is interesting that you say that, when 
you talk about them helping people to get into the post office. 
For every time we have someone that did not get their birthday 
card on time, we have that great employee that gives that 
unbelievable customer service. It really is the face of the 
Postal Service.
    That is what we can bring back if we figure out this 
business model. That is what we can bring back, I think, 
everywhere, is that unbelievable customer service that your 
folks experience, when they go out of their way to go out and 
help them into a post office where it might be hard to get into 
it.
    Mr. Jack. Well, I appreciate you working with us on both of 
those.
    Mr. Chairman, I may have some questions to submit for the 
record hereafter, but I deeply appreciate you convening this 
hearing. It is a very, very important hearing, and it is a big 
deal for us to be part of it. So, thank you.
    Mr. Sessions. Thank you very much. We will look forward to 
not only getting your questions but also hearing back from 
them. And thank you very much.
    The gentleman, Mr. Walkinshaw.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And thank you for 
suffering my presence again on this Subcommittee.
    I have a couple of UC requests, if that is all right.
    Mr. Sessions. Well, that--please, feel free to move for 
them.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. I ask unanimous consent to enter into the 
record a March 5, 2026, letter signed by 66 Members of 
Congress, including 15 Senators and 51 Members of the House, 
urging the Department of Commerce to reverse course on a flawed 
2026 census test.
    Mr. Sessions. Without objection.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. I ask unanimous consent to enter into the 
record a report released by the Department of Commerce 
Inspector General (IG) on March 16, 2026, evaluating the 
methodology employed by the Bureau for the upcoming 2026 test 
involving Postal Service workers.
    It outlines the IG's concerns that the proposed approach 
could compromise readiness for the 2030 census.
    Mr. Sessions. Without objection.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Mr. Steiner, thank you for being with us today, and thank 
you for the conversation that we had and your open engagement 
with this Subcommittee.
    For Congress to make informed decisions about how we can 
ensure the Postal Service's long-term stability, we need clear 
data on the proposals you put forward, where the Postal Service 
stands, and where it is headed.
    Frankly, your predecessor, in my view, was sometimes 
hostile toward our role in congressional oversight, did not 
want to provide information we needed to be able to help the 
Postal Service.
    Will you agree to provide Members of this Committee with 
five year financial projections showing how the reforms and 
changes you have outlined, including the continued 
implementation of ``Delivering for America,'' like including 
the Regional Transportation Optimization initiative, would 
affect the Service's financial position and service performance 
over five years?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. In fact, during the break, I was speaking 
with David about that, that----
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. What I think we can put together. 
Because, you know, it is all the mandates that I talked about. 
We can put together multiple scenarios where you have different 
outcomes, right?
    And so, if you assume, you know, the six or seven mandates 
that I have talked about--there are probably five or six other 
ones--we will make assumptions on which ones happen and which 
ones do not. And so, we will have multiple budgets for you, to 
say, ``If you want this one, we can go this direction. If you 
still want this mandate, we can go this direction.''
    We can actually put it together for you that it will show 
the effect of all the different mandates that I have talked 
about and how that would affect the five year plan.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Because if we are going to build support 
for any of the proposals, including maybe the lower-hanging 
fruit like investing the retirement funds, we have got to be 
able to go to our colleagues and say, this is where we are 
headed in a positive----
    Mr. Steiner. Exactly.
    Mr. Walkinshaw [continuing]. Direction. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner. Absolutely.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. According to a recent IG report, the Postal 
Service spent roughly $860 million in remedies due to failing 
to comply with respective Collective Bargaining Agreement 
(CBA)s.
    So, given the challenge the Postal Service has had in 
complying with its own CBAs that you all agreed to, you maybe 
will forgive my skepticism that you would be able to 
successfully take over and run the Federal Employees' 
Compensation Act and workers' comp programs, as you provided.
    I am a little bit skeptical of that, given the challenging 
track record.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I do not blame you for the skepticism. 
But the workers' comp would actually be managed by a third 
party. You know, we manage, obviously, the claims you are 
talking about; the workers' comp would actually be managed by a 
third party.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. So, you would outsource that.
    Mr. Steiner. Yes. I mean, basically every company in 
America outsources that.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Okay.
    I want to go to one of the maybe low-hanging-fruit reforms. 
And you and I had a good conversation about the investment, and 
I had an ounce of skepticism, and you relieved me of my 
skepticism, I think, in our conversation.
    Can you talk through, though--because, obviously, it is not 
as simple as saying you can invest the funds, right? There 
would have to be a structure in place to guide that, so 
especially the workers and retirees have a voice in how their 
money's being invested.
    Mr. Steiner. Right.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. What kind of structure do you envision to 
accomplish that?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, I think you would want to put--obviously, 
you would want to put a board of directors, if you will, in 
charge of that, really an investment committee. I think--I love 
the idea of having representatives, the employees, be part of 
that. I think that is a great idea. You know, the proposals I 
have seen would have, for example, the Secretary of the 
Treasury. You know, so you would have a broad-based, 
representative group to make those ultimate investment 
differences.
    But then you could also have parameters to say, you know, 
you are not going to go out and invest in crypto. I mean, you 
could set parameters and say, here are your allowed 
investments, and make those rather conservative, right--because 
we do not want to be there out there gambling with our 
retirees' money--and then you get an oversight board with 
broad-based experience to manage that.
    Mr. Walkinshaw. Okay.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    Mr. Walkinshaw, thank you very much.
    I would now yield myself--oh, excuse me. We did promise you 
would move forward. So, Ms. Budzinski, you are now recognized. 
And thank you for taking time to be waived on to this.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you for the opportunity, Mr. Chairman, 
and to Ranking Member Mfume, for this chance.
    I do want to say, it is also great to meet and be with 
Postmaster General Steiner and Mr. Marroni.
    Thank you both for being here.
    In Fiscal Year 2025, the Postal Service lost about $9 
billion. In the first quarter of Fiscal Year 2026, USPS lost an 
additional $1.4 billion.
    Postmaster General Steiner, you have stated that you 
believe that the Postal Service is headed toward a financial 
crisis, and I do agree with you on that point. But you have 
also said that you want to continue to move forward with the 
``Delivering for America'' plan, which has really only worsened 
delivery for the past six years.
    As we enter year six of the ``Delivering for America'' 
plan, I do remain concerned that the Postal Service seems 
committed to pushing forward with the plan despite the steep 
declines in on-time delivery and slowed outgoing mail in rural 
areas, like the district that I represent in central and 
southern Illinois.
    Just for example, in Fiscal Year 2019, the on-time delivery 
for 2-day First-Class Mail was 92 percent. Six years later--and 
this is in my district--it is down now to just 83 percent, with 
areas like downstate Illinois consistently seeing on-time 
delivery fall below 80 percent and even 70 percent at various 
points in 2024 and 2025.
    I will argue, I think that is why I do believe that it is 
really important that we continue to have a strong Postal 
Regulatory Commission and an Inspector General, to ensure that 
we have oversight over the Postal Service and its 
implementation for ``Delivering for America.''
    And I know, you know, yes, it is true that the Postal 
Service, as you have stated, must act in accordance with the 
Postal Regulatory Commission, but it ultimately does have much 
more flexibility for its competitive products or packages. And 
I do worry, just in talking about the Postal Regulatory 
Commission (PRC), is watering it down or eliminating it, given 
the fiscal situation of the USPS, that maybe perhaps it 
actually should have more authority, not less.
    But with all of this in mind, I just want to say, I am very 
excited; we have started a bipartisan Postal Service Caucus. 
And we do look forward to working with you on all of these 
challenges.
    One of my first questions for you, Postmaster General, is: 
in recent months, you have continued, as I stated, that you 
believe in continuing to move forward with the ``Delivering for 
America'' plan despite these declining delivery rates.
    My question would be, are there indicators that you are 
looking at that would give you pause in the continued 
implementation of the ``Delivering for America'' plan or decide 
to perhaps suspend it?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, and, you know, I do want to clarify that, 
when I think of the ``Delivering for America'' plan, I am 
talking just about the network transformation piece----
    Ms. Budzinski. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Right, which I said before, you 
know, is sort of the Logistics 101 hub-and-spoke system.
    You know, what I do see is, you see service numbers 
improving. You see us pulling work-hours out--not fast enough, 
but you see us pulling work-hours out. So, you can see it. It 
moves slow, because the network is so big. You can absolutely 
see it. You see it in the service numbers. You saw it during 
peak. We were the most improved company----
    Ms. Budzinski. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. In performance in peak of all the 
major competitive package companies.
    But you can also see it when you look--you are right dead 
in the center of the heart of where our biggest problem is, 
right down the center of America, from Chicago to St. Louis to 
Memphis.
    And I will tell you, I do not believe that that is a 
network problem. My understanding is it is a staffing problem, 
that it is hard to get employees to work in the plants where we 
need them to work. And, you know, we do not have a lot of 
flexibility to give bonuses to hire people or retention bonuses 
because of the way our union contracts work.
    But that area, I can promise you----
    Ms. Budzinski. Uh-huh.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Is looked at by us, not just 
every week, every single day.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay.
    Mr. Steiner. And the numbers are getting better.
    Ms. Budzinski. Yes.
    Mr. Steiner. They absolutely are not there yet.
    Ms. Budzinski. Just since I can squeeze in one more 
question.
    Mr. Steiner. Sure.
    Ms. Budzinski. I would love to keep working with you on 
that. And I do have concerns around the consolidations and the 
RTO plan, and those are things that we can continue that 
conversation.
    But my last question, Postmaster General: in regarding the 
Postal Service's recent hiring and the restructuring firm--
hiring the restructuring firm Alvarez & Marsal, the Postal 
Service has said that they are going to use Alvarez & Marsal to 
identify ways to transform the Postal Service and address the 
fiscal shortfalls.
    So, my question: should we be anticipating future 
reductions in force or more network changes if Alvarez & Marsal 
were to recommend that to your team?
    Mr. Steiner. Yes, you know, look, what I have said is that 
we are in a crisis, and when you are in a crisis, everything 
has to be on the table.
    Alvarez & Marsal is, you know, the leading restructuring 
firm in the world. And so, we wanted to bring in the best to 
show us what was possible.
    We have not gotten that report, but once we get that 
report, we need to look at it and say, okay, what is it that we 
need to do in order to, you know, right the ship, in order to 
extend the period of time?
    When you have less than 12 months of cash available, you 
have got to look at everything. And I wanted to bring in the 
best to help us look at it.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. I look forward to working with you. 
Thank you.
    Mr. Steiner. Thank you. And----
    Ms. Budzinski. I yield back.
    Mr. Steiner [continuing]. Glad to come meet with you in 
person to have discussion about those issues, because they are 
important.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you.
    Thank you. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. Thanks very much.
    The gentlewoman yields back her time.
    I would now yield myself such time as I may consume.
    I first wanted to ask unanimous consent to address and add 
into the record the Coalition to Protect America's Small 
Sellers' letter that has been provided to me; and, second, a 
letter dated March 16, ``U.S. Postal Service to Ask Congress 
for Urgent Reforms to Survive `Beyond Next Year.' ''
    Without objection, we will enter those into the record.
    The opportunity for us to be here together, publicly, with 
vendors, people who work for the Post Office, people who have 
oversight over the Post Office, people who want an opportunity 
for the Post Office to work and work well, Members of 
Congress--almost every single one of us have people that sing 
your praises and some that think otherwise. It is a hard 
business. You are everywhere.
    I, too, have had a post office that burned down. I knew 
well the neighborhood that felt like it took a little bit 
longer than it should have, but it was accomplished. There were 
accommodations made.
    Every single Member of Congress somehow does hear something 
about the Post Office. Sometimes--and I learned this in my 
prior life--sometimes when things are going so great you do not 
hear a lot.
    The Post Office, however, is at a point that we all agree 
with--Mr. Mfume, you and I agree with, GAO agrees with--we are 
at a crucial point, not critical, we are at a crucial point 
where we now know more decisions need to be made with 
agreement--agreement between us, agreement between you. I think 
that certainly this article that I provided says exactly that, 
that there has to be not just consent given but agreement.
    I would like to say that, during much of this period of 
time over the last year and some, that we have been given an 
opportunity to know each other, work with each other. I find 
you refreshing, I find you honest, and I think we can do 
business with you.
    But it is going to take more than that. It is going to take 
Mr. Mfume and I to stand behind an organization that is going 
to have to make some decisions also. We are going to have to 
make decisions because this represents a huge part of not just 
enterprises across the United States but the best interests of 
people who are normal American citizens, who want, need, and 
expect a good Post Office--sound service, good price--to where 
we will continue to use it.
    A few months ago, when you and I met, I told you that I had 
several goals. You told me pretty plainly, ``Congressman 
Sessions, we will do whatever you want to pay for.'' And I told 
you I did not want to raise the price of a stamp further. I 
told you that I believe that we have to look at this 
organization as something that we need to get close on, keep in 
front of us, and to have an idea about where we are going to go 
and how we are going to get there.
    I met with our friends at the White House to find out what 
instructions they really provided you also, because that is 
important. When you go to offer a job to someone, you, 
generally speaking, would want to get some understanding of 
that--a commitment to that. I think it is easier when you get 
elected--when you take over a job than it is to serve in that 
job. And, certainly, a few months later you learn some things 
that you may not have known.
    But the buck stops here now. And Mr. Mfume, Mr. Mfume and I 
are very open with each other. And I will say--I am not trying 
to be a tough guy--we are going to do this together, but I will 
do this.
    And from our last meeting that we had over at your office, 
we had a determination that we were going to get closer. I told 
you at that time that I had a commitment from James Comer, who 
is the Chairman of the Committee, that he felt like that this 
is something that could not be passed on, that it does us no 
good to simply give you more money or agree to something that 
we know does not work.
    I will fully admit to you that Mr. Womack, who is sitting 
beside me, our staff guru on the Post Office, has admitted to 
me and I have admitted to him that we need to dig in further. 
We need to dig in. We need to do this. I think that your team 
openly agreed to do this a month ago. No excuses, we need to do 
this. We need to do it rapidly, and we need to get right to the 
issues.
    I think that it will require some give-and-take. We have 
generally been asking questions. We have generally been 
allowing you that opportunity to move forward with your plan. I 
think the newest indications that I have of knowing where we 
are, I think we are past that point now, and we will get to 
where we agree and disagree.
    I am not responsible, I am not your boss; I am your 
oversight. But Mr. Mfume and I carry the torch about the result 
of what we are going to do from Congress to help. And I think 
that Mr. Mfume and I both have great confidence in the workers, 
the supervisors, the postmasters, the management of the 
organization, but we have to--we are going to have to make 
tough decisions.
    So, in great fairness to you and your team, who I do have 
confidence in and who have been very gracious to not only Mr. 
Mfume and I, we are going to get to where we then say, ``Oh, 
yeah? Prove it.'' ``Oh, yeah? You think that? Well, then we 
think differently.'' And it is a position that you find 
yourself in and I find myself in. And I have never been one to 
play tiddlywinks; I will go right to it.
    So, I want you to know that, today, I am not going to put 
us through some of the bigger questions. Because, as I told the 
staff, I am not going to do that because you are under an 
obligation to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but 
the truth, so help you God. And that means that I could ask you 
questions about some things that may be in transit, some things 
that may be being worked on now. But when we are not with you 
under oath, you and I are going to engage in that with Mr. 
Mfume.
    And we need to understand more about the same types of 
questions that have been brought up by our Members, about the 
hopes and expectations that come from both sides about the 
Postal Service, about its delivery system. And you have given 
us back enough impediments, the things which you do believe are 
in the way of you not only making a profit but being 
successful.
    And so, we are going to have to have more than just time 
with each other in an open mic like this. And so, Mr. Mfume has 
informed me that he will be pleased to participate in this 
effort. And I think that we owe it to the American people, but 
I know we owe it to Members of Congress to address these 
issues.
    And it will not be about what we are doing with a burned-
down post office. It will not be about what we are doing on a 
route or two. It will be the financial integrity, the things 
that would allow you to serve people and to make changes that 
would be necessary to you.
    And so, I want you to know that I have received the best 
wishes from a good number of people leading up to this, 
including people who work for the Post Office, including people 
who were in the industries that surround this that have placed 
billions of dollars in all of our hands. It is in our best 
interest to make sure this works.
    And I have a commitment to this. I served on the last 
postal subcommittee that we had in Congress. I came to that 
subcommittee because I had an interest in it. I had a great big 
rural district. I still have a great big rural district, and I 
care about everybody.
    So, I do care about the Service. I do care about your 
commitment. And I think I have sized you up as a person who is 
able to effectively work professionally through these issues. 
And you did not cause them, and I did not cause them, but it is 
going to come down to the three or four of us are going to have 
to make some tough decisions, that we can look at other people 
and say: That was a problem, the Postmaster General laid it on 
our doorstep, and we are not going to kick the can down the 
road. We are going to put these directly in front of us. And 
then we are going to have to figure out how we are going to go 
to our colleagues and pull it off.
    But it does us no good to find that in one year from now 
the Postal Service failed. It does us no good, in my opinion, 
to go to a dollar stamp, even though there might be some in 
this room that think that is the right answer.
    But we are going to have to make tough decisions. We will 
help you through that. And I will know that I know you enough 
professionally where you have the moxie and the stuff about 
yourself of what you are made of that you will stick with us.
    I want to thank you and Mr. Marroni for being here today. I 
want to thank your friends and allies who have gathered 
together to not only cheer you on but also others who have come 
here with a hope that the entire system works. And we are going 
to do that.
    So, Mr. Mfume, would you like to defend yourself in this 
effort?
    Mr. Mfume. Well, thank you, first of all, Mr. Chairman.
    As many of you know, we work well together because we put a 
goal in front of us and try to put politics to the side so that 
we are concerned about people and not politics.
    And the other ``P'' in all this is ``Postal,'' the Postal 
Service, and why it gives us the kind of pride that we have had 
growing up in this country and the kind of personal 
relationships that we have all had with the Post Office. We all 
think it is ``our'' Post Office. And I think that is the way it 
was meant and intentioned and that is the way it has been 
throughout the years.
    And so, when you consider something as yours, you have an 
obligation, at least inherently, to want to always try to 
protect it. And that has overcome the differences that we may 
have had on different things so that we are able to move 
forward together.
    I have got a couple of UCs, Mr. Chairman, and then just a 
final statement.
    Mr. Sessions. Yes, sir.
    Mr. Mfume. I would ask unanimous consent to enter into the 
record a statement from the president of the American Postal 
Workers Union regarding today's hearing.
    Mr. Sessions. Without objection.
    Mr. Mfume. And I would ask unanimous consent to enter into 
the record a statement from the national president of the 
National Postal Mail Handlers Union regarding today's hearing.
    Mr. Sessions. Without objection.
    Mr. Mfume. Thank you, Mr. Sessions.
    It was 1991 when the Congress really stepped up to the 
plate and put in place a debt limit and an authority for the 
Postal Service. That was 35 years ago, and they set it at $15 
billion. I have to tell you, I am amazed it has not been 
revisited since then. That is a long, long time--35 years.
    And so, one thing that is clear about all of this is that 
we cannot let United States Postal Service die, that we are 
going to have to find a way, as we all know, inevitably, to 
look at restructuring that debt limit. How we do it and what 
the new limit becomes is going to be a matter of a lot of 
conversations and discussions. It may be hard to sell, but I 
think most people feel like I do, that, rather than do nothing 
and watch the Titanic sink, that we need to do something.
    And I think, without a doubt, that many Members of the 
Congress are going to be particularly watching what Mr. 
Sessions and what I advocate, because they would recognize that 
there is no daylight between the two positions. And hopefully 
that will get us to the point where we are able to deal with 
this debt crisis and debt limitation.
    However, having said that, all other Members of this House, 
all 433, are going to have a comment or question and, clearly, 
are going to have some say in this, because people just do not 
want to give their votes even though they recognize that 
something is necessary.
    And so, what comes out of that in terms of the concessions, 
if I could use that term, or the guarantees, which I feel 
better about, will be done collaboratively.
    And, Mr. Postmaster General, I hope that you and your 
people are willing to be a part of that.
    Mr. Marroni, I am going to ask that the GSA [sic] also 
weigh in on all of this so that we feel like we are on stable 
grounds to be able to answer the tough questions.
    And then I am going to ask for something that none of you 
came to this hearing for, and that is vision. What becomes, 
then, after all that, the vision of the United States Postal 
Service that the American people who are watching this hearing 
and the Members of Congress who ultimately will have to grapple 
with the question of debt extension--what is the vision that 
you want to put before them?
    And I do not want you to try to answer that now, but I just 
want you to think about it. Because that is what we need here--
some clear vision that everybody in this country can get behind 
and to embrace and have signature on and to clearly feel like 
they are part of the solution going forward. So, I would ask 
you to think about that.
    Again, I want to thank Chairman Sessions for his work and 
for our working relationship and would hope, as I have said 
earlier--we have gone through this for a lot of years. We would 
hope that this is the beginning of the ultimate end of the 
ongoing crises that we have all witnessed far too long.
    Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I yield back.
    Mr. Sessions. The gentleman yields back his time.
    Thank you.
    And I will very succinctly tell the gentleman--and he has 
heard me say this many times--I believe us working together can 
accomplish this. And I am talking about the Postal Service, I 
am talking about their vendors, and people back and forth. I 
think the system is better when it works together. I think the 
system is better when it views each other as complementary to 
that system.
    I think that there are people that do certain things out of 
their own either best interest or that is the way their route, 
so to speak, went, that there are things that you have as an 
advantage with the Postal Service that seemingly could be a 
disadvantage but that we can turn into an advantage. But I 
think that when we try and move that needle too far one way or 
another, I think it works adversely against the best interest 
of the whole.
    So, those are my comments. The gentleman has a philosophy 
also. And I will tell you that if you have viewed us as trying 
to be a part of the solution, then you may go home tonight and 
know that Mr. Mfume and I, and I believe the General, is deeply 
committed to that also.
    We now--I am going to close the hearing.
    And so, with that, and without objection, all Members have 
five legislative days within which to submit materials and 
additional written questions for the witnesses, which will be 
forwarded first to us and then to the witnesses.
    If there is no further business, without objection, this 
Subcommittee stands adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 5:02 p.m., the Subcommittee was adjourned.]

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