[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



                 EXAMINING THE POLICIES AND PRIORITIES
                     OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

=======================================================================


                                HEARING

                               Before The

                      COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND 
                               WORKFORCE 
                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION
                               __________

              HEARING HELD IN WASHINGTON, DC, JUNE 4, 2025 
                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-16 
                               __________

    Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and Workforce 
 
 
    
    
    
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                  U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

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                  COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE

                    TIM WALBERG, Michigan, Chairman

JOE WILSON, South Carolina           ROBERT C. ``BOBBY'' SCOTT, Virginia, 
VIRGINIA FOXX, North Carolina          Ranking Member
GLENN THOMPSON, Pennsylvania         JOE COURTNEY, Connecticut
GLENN GROTHMAN, Wisconsin            FREDERICA S. WILSON, Florida
ELISE M. STEFANIK, New York          SUZANNE BONAMICI, Oregon
RICK W. ALLEN, Georgia               MARK TAKANO, California
JAMES COMER, Kentucky                ALMA S. ADAMS, North Carolina
BURGESS OWENS, Utah                  MARK DeSAULNIER, California
LISA C. McCLAIN, Michigan            DONALD NORCROSS, New Jersey
MARY E. MILLER, Illinois             LUCY McBATH, Georgia
JULIA LETLOW, Louisiana              JAHANA HAYES, Connecticut
KEVIN KILEY, California              ILHAN OMAR, Minnesota
MICHAEL A. RULLI, Ohio               HALEY M. STEVENS, Michigan
JAMES C. MOYLAN, Guam                GREG CASAR, Texas
ROBERT F. ONDER, Jr., Missouri       SUMMER L. LEE, Pennsylvania
RYAN MACKENZIE, Pennsylvania         JOHN W. MANNION, New York
MICHAEL BAUMGARTNER, Washington      YASSAMIN ANSARI, Arizona
MARK HARRIS, North Carolina          
MARK B. MESSMER, Indiana
RANDY FINE, Florida

                     R.J. Laukitis, Staff Director
              Veronique Pluviose, Minority Staff Director 
              
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                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                               ----------                              
                                                                   Page

Hearing held on June 4, 2025.....................................     1

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

    Walberg, Hon. Tim, Chairman, Committee on Education and 
      Workforce..................................................     2
        Prepared statement of....................................     3
    Scott, Hon. Robert C. ``Bobby'', Ranking Member, Committee on 
      Education and Workforce....................................     4
        Prepared statement of....................................     7

                               WITNESSES

    McMahon, Linda, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education......     9
        Prepared statement of....................................    10

                         ADDITIONAL SUBMISSIONS

    Ranking Member Scott:
        Letter dated June 2, 2025, from 82 faith community 
          organizations..........................................   143
        Congressional Research Service (CRS) Legal Sidebar, dated 
          May 27, 2025, titled ``Enforcing the Antidiscrimination 
          Mandates of Title VI and Title IX: Executive Agency 
          Options and Procedures''...............................   151
        Article dated April 4, 2025, from Public Citizen, titled 
          ``Lawsuit Challenges Trump Admin's Dismantling of 
          Institute of Education Sciences''......................   157
        Article dated May 28, 2025, from the Louisiana 
          Illuminator, titled ``Louisiana Senate Will Reduce 
          Funding for Gov. Landry's Private School Vouchers, 
          Chamber Leader Says''..................................   160
        Article from WRAL News, titled ``Most New Voucher 
          Recipients Didn't Come From an NC Public School, New 
          Data Shows''...........................................   166
        Article dated March 14, 2025, from ProPublica, titled 
          ``Parents Sue Trump Administration for Allegedly 
          Sabotaging Education Department's Civil Rights 
          Division''.............................................   169
        Article dated May 28, 2025, from 12news.com, titled ``One 
          Affluent Gilbert Family Tried to Use ESA Voucher Funds 
          for a $16,170 Cello Until State Schools Chief Tom 
          Horne's Office Stopped It''............................   174
        Article dated April 16, 2025, by Jessica Blake, titled 
          ``Research Groups File Another Lawsuit Against Trump 
          for Gutting IES''......................................   178
        Letter dated June 4, 2025, from the Center for 
          Responsible Lending (CRL)..............................   181
    Adams, Hon. Alma, a Representative in Congress from the State 
      of North Carolina:
        Report from The Century Foundation, titled ``HBCUs Have 
          the Best Return on Investment''........................    36
    Ansari, Hon. Yassamin, a Representative in Congress from the 
      State of Arizona:
        Article dated June 7, 2024, from 12news.com, titled 
          ``Parents of Private Voucher Students Spent Over $1 
          Million of Public Money Buying Lego Sets''.............    92
        Article dated October 2, 2023, from abc15.com, titled 
          ``Arizona Empowerment Scholarships: What $304 Million 
          Bought''...............................................    98
        Article dated January 9, 2024, from abc15.com, titled 
          ``Analysis: More Than Half of ESA Students Come From 
          High-Income Zip Codes''................................   109
    Bonamici, Hon. Suzanne, a Representative in Congress from the 
      State of Oregon:
        Statement dated June 2, 2025, from the Title IV-A 
          Coalition..............................................   184
        Executive Summary from the National Association of School 
          Psychologists--NASP White Paper, titled ``The Impact on 
          Federal Support for School Mental Health Services''....   186
    DeSaulnier, Hon. Mark, a Representative in Congress from the 
      State of California:
        Statement dated June 4, 2025, from the National 
          Disability Rights Network (NDRN).......................    81
    McBath, Hon. Lucy, a Representative in Congress from the 
      State of Georgia:
        Email sent to parents of Georgia regarding the Charting 
          My Path for Future program.............................    46
        Article dated April 14, 2025, from NPR, titled ``DOGE 
          Abruptly Cut a Program for Teens With Disabilities. 
          This Student is `Devastated' ''........................    48
    Takano, Hon. Mark, a Representative in Congress from the 
      State of California:
        Letter dated April 11, 2025, to Harvard University.......    26

                        QUESTIONS FOR THE RECORD

    Responses to questions submitted for the record by:
        Secretary Linda McMahon..................................   202

 
                 EXAMINING THE POLICIES AND PRIORITIES 
                     OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

                              ----------                              

                        Wednesday, June 4, 2025

                  House of Representatives,
              Committee on Education and Workforce,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:20 a.m. in 
Room 2175, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Tim Walberg, 
(Chairman of the Committee) presiding.
    Present: Representatives Walberg, Wilson, Foxx, Thompson, 
Grothman, Stefanik, Allen, Owens, McClain, Miller, Kiley, 
Rulli, Moylan, Onder, Mackenzie, Harris, Messmer, Fine, Scott, 
Courtney, Wilson, Bonamici, Takano, Adams, DeSaulnier, McBath, 
Hayes, Omar, Stevens, Casar, Lee, Mannion, and Ansari.
    Staff present: Jenna Berger, Investigative Counsel; Lexi 
Boccuzzi, Investigator; Antonette Bowman, FDD Fellow; Vlad 
Cerga, Director of Information Technology; Solomon Chen, 
Professional Staff Member, Dara Gardner, Einstein Fellow, Amy 
Raaf Jones, Director of Education and Human Services Policy; 
Libby Kearns, Press Assistant; Isaiah Knox, Legislative 
Assistant; Campbell Ladd, Clerk; R.J. Laukitis, Staff Director; 
Danny Marca, Director of Information Technology; R.J. Martin, 
Professional Staff Member; Audra McGeorge, Communications 
Director; Eli Mitchell, Legislative Assistant; Alexis Morgan, 
Intern; Ethan Pann, Deputy Press Secretary and Digital 
Director; Ellison Powell, Intern; Ian Prince, Professional 
Staff Member; Kane Riddell, Staff Assistant; Carl Rifino, 
Intern; Sara Robertson, Press Secretary; Chance Russell, 
Economist and Policy Advisor; Isabel Soto, Professional Staff 
Member; Kent Talbert, Investigative Counsel; Brad Thomas, 
Deputy Director of Education and Human Services Policy; Anders 
Vendt, Legislative Assistant; Ann Vogel, Director of 
Operations; Ali Watson, Director of Member Services; James 
Whittaker, General Counsel; Samantha Wright, Intern, Ambrose 
Tierney, Intern; Amaris Benavidez, Minority Professional Staff; 
Sayda Bir, Minority Intern; Ilana Brunner, Minority General 
Counsel; Ni'Aisha Banks, Minority Policy Aide & Internship 
Coordinator; Dylan Dunson, Minority Intern; Rashage Green, 
Minority Director of Education Policy & Counsel; Caroline Guo, 
Minority Intern; Andres Hernandez, Minority CHCI Fellow; 
Christian Haines, Minority General Counsel; Patrick Jo, 
Minority Intern; Emanual Kimble, Minority Professional Staff; 
Alexandra Walker, Minority Intern; Vivian Wiggins, Minority 
Intern; Samantha Wilkerson, Minority Professional Staff; 
Stephanie Lalle, Minority Communications Director; Jessica 
Schieder, Minority Economic Policy Advisor; Raiyana Malone, 
Minority Press Secretary; Marie McGrew, Minority Press 
Assistant; Eleazar Padilla, Minority Staff Assistant; and 
Veronique Pluviose, Minority Staff Director.
    Chairman Walberg. Thank you, and again, welcome to this 
Committee. Now, we will turn to the oversight hearing portion 
of today's meeting. Good morning, it is a pleasure to welcome 
Secretary Linda McMahon for the first time to the Committee on 
Education and Workforce. We do not want to be your last, 
necessarily.
    Madam Secretary, thank you for being here. Since you were 
sworn in on March 3d, you have made it your mission to address 
the glaring problems you inherited from your predecessor, and 
begin to process the process of right sizing the Department of 
Education, so we can return education to the states.
    I want to address each of these core parts of your mission 
in turn. First, the glaring problem at the K-12 level. Less 
than one-third of the eighth graders in America can read or do 
math at grade level. To put that into perspective, if the 
Nation's report card were an actual report card, a 100 percent 
improvement on the next iteration of the test would still leave 
us with a failing grade.
    Unfortunately, too many in our education system are more 
invested in protecting their monopoly power over kids' futures, 
or indoctrinating students into left wing ideology, than 
teaching them basic skills, developing their critical thinking, 
and expanding their educational choices.
    At the postsecondary level, your predecessor used billions 
of taxpayer funds to pursue illegal student loan schemes meant 
to shift responsibility for student loan debt from the 
individuals who took it on, to taxpayers who paid off their 
debt, or never went to college in the first place.
    In addition, the Biden Harris administration ignored the 
congressional mandate for student loan repayments to resume, 
breaking the student loan system, and creating chaos for 
borrowers.
    All the while, Democrats have been happy to let the 
postsecondary education industry continue bilking students, 
their families, and taxpayers, while in many cases delivering a 
product that leaves students worse off than if they had never 
attended college at all.
    At all levels of education, your predecessor weaponized the 
Office for Civil Rights to inflict dangerous and radical 
ideologies on students and their families, while simultaneously 
taking a hands-off approach to the exploding crisis of 
antisemitism in our Nation's schools and colleges.
    I have been heartened to see your aggressive actions to 
protect the dignity, the safety and academic and athletic 
opportunities of women and girls from radical gender ideology 
that ignores basic biology. I have also been heartened by your 
designer to bring to light discriminatory DEI practices in our 
schools that dehumanize people.
    I have been especially happy to see your Department's 
response to the indifference to many education leaders continue 
to show in the face of ongoing threats to Jewish students. 
Second, I applaud you for embracing a final mission for the 
Department of Education.
    I imagine we will have a vigorous debate about this today 
because the Republican Democrat parties have competing visions 
of education in this country, and that is how it is. There is 
an implication in the criticism level that you, Madam 
Secretary, that the status quo is fine. Really, the implication 
is that the status quo is more than fine. The minority wants us 
to believe that the Department of Education is overseeing an 
education system in which students are thriving, and employers 
have access to a workforce prepared to succeed.
    Neither of these are true. As I mentioned earlier, our K-12 
education performance is abysmal. At the postsecondary level 
the national 6-year graduation rate is just over 60 percent. In 
other words, our colleges and universities would get an F on 
their primary responsibility.
    The college for all mentality driven by the previous 
administration's student loan schemes has only made the problem 
worse. Our education system has failed. To prepare a workforce 
with the skills employers need, again, this is what Democrats 
are defending.
    Republicans believe there is a better way. We believe in 
reducing bureaucracy, trusting our educators, trusting our 
State and local leaders and trusting the innovators who are 
pushing against the barriers thrown up by the bureaucracy. 
Above all, we trust our parents. This is our vision, and 
thankfully, we finally have an administration in place that 
shares this vision.
    The Trump administration is eliminating bureaucracy where 
it is not needed. It is also implementing Federal guardrails 
when needed like enforcing Title IX to protect the rights of 
women and girls, protecting access to education for students 
with disabilities, holding colleges and universities 
accountable for tolerating mass harassment of Jewish students, 
or preventing efforts to exclude parents from their children's 
education.
    In these ways the Trump administration is streamlining 
bureaucracy so that the Federal Government can better deliver 
on the responsibilities it has. Madam Secretary, again, thank 
you for being here. I look forward to hearing more about your 
plans to continue cleaning up the mess you inherited, and your 
vision for an education system that puts students, not 
bureaucrats, first.
    I will now yield to the Ranking Member, Representative 
Scott, for his opening statement.
    [The prepared statement of Chairman Walberg follows:]

  Statement of Hon. Tim Walberg, Chairman, Committee on Education and 
                               Workforce

    It is a pleasure to welcome Secretary Linda McMahon to the 
Committee on Education and Workforce. Madam Secretary, thank you for 
being here. Since you were sworn in on March 3rd, you have made it your 
mission to address the glaring problems you inherited from your 
predecessor and begin the process of rightsizing the Department of 
Education so we can return education to the states. I want to address 
each of these core parts of your mission in turn.
    First, the glaring problems. At the K-12 level, less than one-third 
of the eighth graders in America can read or do math at grade level. To 
put that into perspective, if the nation's report card were an actual 
report card a 100 percent improvement on the next iteration of the test 
would still leave us with a failing grade. Unfortunately, too many in 
our education system are more invested in protecting their monopoly 
power over kids' futures or indoctrinating students into leftwing 
ideology than teaching them basic skills, developing their critical 
thinking, and expanding their educational choices.
    At the postsecondary level, your predecessor used billions of 
taxpayer funds to pursue illegal student loan schemes meant to shift 
responsibility for student loan debt from the individuals who took it 
on to taxpayers who paid off their debt or never went to college in the 
first place. In addition, the Biden-Harris administration ignored the 
Congressional mandate for student loan repayments to resume, breaking 
the student loan system and creating chaos for borrowers. All the 
while, Democrats have been happy to let the postsecondary education 
industry continue bilking students, their families, and taxpayers while 
in many cases delivering a product that leaves students worse off than 
if they had never attended college at all.
    At all levels of education, your predecessor weaponized the Office 
for Civil Rights to inflict dangerous and radical ideologies on 
students and their families while simultaneously taking a hands-off 
approach to the exploding crisis of antisemitism in our nation's 
schools and colleges. I have been heartened to see your aggressive 
actions to protect the dignity, safety, and academic and athletic 
opportunities of women and girls from a radical gender ideology that 
ignores basic biology. I have also been heartened by your desire to 
bring to light discriminatory DEI practices in our schools that 
dehumanize people. I have been especially happy to see your 
Department's response to the indifference too many education leaders 
continue to show in the face of ongoing threats to Jewish students.
    Second, I applaud you for embracing a final mission for the 
Department of Education. I imagine we will have a vigorous debate about 
this today, because the Republican and Democrat parties have competing 
visions for education in this country.
    There is an implication in the criticism leveled at you, Madam 
Secretary, that the status quo is fine. Really, the implication is that 
the status quo is more than fine. The minority wants us to believe that 
the Department of Education is overseeing an education system in which 
students are thriving, and employers have access to a workforce 
prepared to succeed.
    Neither of those are true. As I mentioned earlier, our K-12 
education performance is abysmal. At the postsecondary level, the 
national six-year graduation rate is just over 60 percent. In other 
words, our colleges and universities would get an F on their primary 
responsibility. The college-for-all mentality driven by the previous 
administration's student loan schemes has only made the problem worse. 
Our education system has failed to prepare a workforce with the skills 
employers need. Again, this is what Democrats are defending.
    Republicans believe there is a better way. We believe in reducing 
bureaucracy, trusting our educators, trusting our state and local 
leaders, and trusting the innovators who are pushing against the 
barriers thrown up by the bureaucracy. Above all, we trust our parents.
    This is our vision. Thankfully, we finally have an administration 
in place that shares this vision. The Trump administration is 
eliminating bureaucracy where it is not needed. It is also implementing 
federal guardrails when needed, like enforcing Title IX to protect the 
rights of women and girls, protecting access to education for students 
withdisabilities, holding colleges and universities accountable for 
tolerating mass harassment of Jewish students, or preventing efforts to 
exclude parents from their children's education. In these ways, the 
Trump administration is streamlining bureaucracy so that the federal 
government can better deliver on the responsibilities it has.
    Madam Secretary, again, thank you for being here. I look forward to 
hearing more about your plans to continue cleaning up the mess you 
inherited and your vision for an education system that puts students, 
not bureaucracies, first. I will now yield to the Ranking Member for 
his opening statement.
                                 ______
                                 
    Mr. Scott. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and good morning. I want 
to thank Secretary McMahon for joining us today to discuss the 
Department's priorities, and the effect this budget will have 
on students, teachers and families. Secretary McMahon, as 
Secretary of Education you took an oath to oversee the 
Department of Education and uphold the Constitution.
    One of the missions of the Department of Education is to 
``Strengthen the Federal commitment to ensuring access to equal 
educational opportunities for every individual.'' I take no 
pleasure in pointing out that in the months since this 
administration has taken office, you have been sworn in as the 
Department's Secretary.
    The actions taken by you, the unaccountable DOGE and this 
administration, generally, have contradicted this mission. Some 
of the things that have happened: nearly 50 percent of the 
Department's workforce have been proposed to be fired, 
eliminating key roles that keep our Nation's schools running 
and our students safe.
    Universities have been stripped of necessary grant funding, 
undermining the integrity of higher education. Support for 
student loan borrowers has been reduced, and the key consumer 
protections have been threatened, and the Department of 
Education is being dismantled through the elimination of 
programs and offices without congressional approval.
    Thankfully, on May 22d, a Federal Judge issued a 
preliminary injunction and ordered the Department to reinState 
the previously terminated employees. During today's hearing, I 
expect you to share with us specifically what steps you are 
taking to comply with that Court Order.
    Relatedly, we understand the Department has repeatedly been 
delayed and denied the Department's Office of Inspector General 
access to requested documents, information, and staff to 
conduct a review related to the Department's recent workforce 
program and operational changes.
    Yesterday I sent you a letter urging you to cooperate with 
the OIG in accordance with the law. It is my hope that because 
you have spoken to numerous news organizations about your plans 
to dismantle the Department, you will feel comfortable with 
sharing your plans with Congress and the OIG.
    The millions of Americans who--we are struggling to 
understand how the actions you have taken at the Department to 
address learning gaps and improve academic outcomes for the 
Nation's children. Simply put, if all of these positions are 
being vacated, and resources are being cut for the sake of 
efficiency, then who is doing the work to ensure that the 
mission of the Department to strengthen the Federal commitment 
to ensuring access to equal educational opportunity of every 
individual is being met?
    For example, another mission of the Department is to 
promote improvements in the quality and usefulness of education 
through federally supported research, evaluation, and sharing 
of information. This administration has stopped the Institute 
of Educational Sciences from funding and that organization 
supports research and collects data on education across the 
country to improve students' academic outcome.
    Congress uses this research to determine how it can save 
money and ensure resources are allocated only to affected 
programs. However, since you have halted research in the middle 
of their projects, much of their work is now useless to 
Congress, and that is the very definition of creating waste.
    Also, the Department has advocated its responsibility to 
ensure that all students are afforded safe, quality and 
equitable education, regardless of their race, gender, 
immigration status, socioeconomic status, and disability 
status. Under your stewardship the Office of Civil Rights is 
implementing a radical interpretation of our civil rights laws 
that abandons its longstanding duties to investigate, monitor, 
and provide resources to victims of potential civil rights 
violations.
    As a result, students and parents with open civil rights 
cases are now left with no recourse and no insight as to the 
status of their cases. We have seen valuable programs, such as 
teacher quality partnership, supporting effective educator 
development, mental health grants, which are supported through 
the bipartisan Save the Communities Act canceled with no notice 
to states, and no recourse to help support our Nation's public 
schools.
    Furthermore, states are being denied reimbursement for 
COVID-19 related expenditures that the Department of Education 
had promised to pay. As this is in addition to the proposals of 
the Department's Fiscal Year 2026 budget to eliminate programs 
like GEAR UP and TRIO, which provide support for low-income 
students and students with disabilities to obtain high school 
diplomas and prepare them for postsecondary education.
    There is also the matter of many red states calling for 
education block grants, a regressive and illegal proposal that 
would make it virtually impossible for the Federal Government 
to hold states accountable for providing all students with a 
high-quality education free from discrimination, and yet the 
Department's budget proposal requests that Congress grant you 
the legal authority to block grant several programs, a clear 
acknowledgement that you currently lack this authority.
    We expect to hear from you today that you will deny the 
state's request to block grant without direct congressional 
authority, and more importantly, we want to hear expressly how 
you will hold states accountable for upholding students' civil 
rights. I would be remiss if I did not note that the 
Department's Fiscal Year 2026 budget proposal would make it 
more difficult for students to enroll in and afford a college 
education, by proposing reductions in funding to need based 
grants, such as Pell and work study.
    This is achieved by removing staff who oversee Federal 
student aid administration and oversight, forcing borrowers 
into unaffordable repayment plans, and aggressively garnishing 
wages of low-income borrowers. Additionally, the budget 
proposes reducing the Department's workforce development 
programs by 33 percent.
    In sum, between the cuts to higher education, and programs 
for alternative career paths, this budget proposal would leave 
this country's workforce behind, rather than competing in the 
global economy. At the end of the day, it is the students of 
this Nation who will suffer under this budget proposal.
    Students from low-income families and students with 
disabilities, English learners and international students and 
students of color will face more hurdles accessing equal 
educational opportunity, and eliminating those burdens is the 
very mission of the Department of Education.
    Regrettably, instead of investing in our children, your 
budget proposal will eviscerate vital, evidence based 
educational programs in the Offices of the Department as a 
means to attack programs promoting diversity, equity, inclusion 
and accessibility. Your success in this job will come only if 
you adhere to the mission of the Department of Education, 
faithfully execute the laws, and uphold your oath to the 
Constitution.
    Regrettably, this proposed budget does not signal a path to 
success for America's students and families, that is why I am 
urging you to reverse course, and I call on my colleagues on 
the other side of the aisle to critically review this proposal, 
and reject it.
    Democrats will not sit idly by while students are under 
attack. We will fight any and all attempts to dismantle the 
Department, and we will continue to stand up for students, 
parents and families who are struggling.
    Madam Secretary, thank you for appearing today. We hope to 
get concrete and substantive answers from you, and with that, 
Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
    [The prepared statement of Ranking Member Scott follows:]

Statement of Hon. Robert C. ``Bobby'' Scott, Ranking Member, Committee 
                       on Education and Workforce

    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and good morning.
    I want to thank Secretary McMahon for joining us today to discuss 
the Department's priorities and the effect thisbudget will have on 
students, teachers, and families.
    Secretary McMahon, as Secretary of Education, you took an oath to 
oversee the Department of Education and uphold the Constitution. One of 
the missions of the Department of Education is to ``strengthen the 
Federal commitment to assuring access to equal educational opportunity 
for every individual.'' I take no pleasure in pointing out that in the 
months since this Administration has taken office and you have been 
sworn in as the Department's Secretary, the actions taken by you, the 
unaccountable DOGE, and this Administration--generally--have 
contradicted this mission.
    Some of the things that have happened:
     Nearly 50 percent of the Department's workforce have been 
proposed to be fired, eliminating key roles that keep our nation's 
schools running and our students safe.
     Universities have been stripped of necessary grant 
funding, undermining the integrity of higher education.
     Support for student loan borrowers has been reduced, and 
the key consumer protections have been threatened.
     The Department of Education is being dismantled through 
the elimination of programs and offices, without congressional 
approval.

    Thankfully, on May 22nd, a federal judge issued a preliminary 
injunction and ordered the Department to reinstate the previously 
terminated employees. During today's hearing, I expect you to share 
with us, specifically, what steps you are taking to comply with that 
court order.
    Relatedly, we understand that the Department has repeatedly delayed 
and denied the Department's Office of Inspector General (OIG) access to 
requested documents, information, and staff to conduct a review related 
to the Department's recent workforce, program, and operational changes. 
Yesterday, I sent you a letter urging you to cooperate with the OIG in 
accordance with the law. It is my hope that because you have spoken to 
numerous news organizations about your plans to dismantle the 
Department, you will feel comfortable sharing your plans with Congress 
and the OIG.
    For millions of Americans, we are struggling to understand how the 
actions you have taken at the Department address learning gaps and 
improve academic outcomes for this nation's children. Simply put, if 
all these positions are being vacated and resources are being cut for 
the sake of ``efficiency,'' then who is doing the work to ensure that 
the mission of the Department--to ``strengthen the federal commitment 
to assuring access to equal educational opportunity for every 
individual''--is being met?
    For example, another mission of the Department of Education is to 
``promote improvements in the quality and usefulness of education 
through federally supported research, evaluation, and sharing of 
information.'' This Administration has stopped the Institute of 
Education Sciences (IES), which supports research and collects data on 
education across the country to improve students' academic outcomes. 
Congress uses this research to determine how it can save money and 
ensure resources are allocated only to effective programs. However, 
since you have halted researchers in the middle of their projects, much 
their work is now useless to Congress. That is the very definition of 
creating waste.
    The Department has abdicated its responsibility to ensure that all 
students are afforded safe, quality, and equitable education, 
regardless of their race, gender, immigration status, socioeconomic 
status, and disability status. Under your stewardship, the Office for 
Civil Rights is implementing a radical reinterpretation of our civil 
rights laws that abandons its long-standing duties to investigate, 
monitor, and provide resources to victims of potential civil rights 
violations. As a result, students and parents with open civil rights 
cases are now left with no recourse and no insight as to the status of 
their cases.
    We have also seen valuable programs--such as the Teacher Quality 
Partnership (TQP), Supporting Effective Educator Development (SEED), 
and mental health grants, which were supported through the Bipartisan 
Safer Communities Act (BCSA)--canceled with no notice to states and no 
recourse to help support our nation's public schools.
    Furthermore, states are being denied reimbursements for COVID-19-
related expenditures that the Department of Education had promised to 
pay. This is in addition to proposals in the Department's Fiscal Year 
2026 budget to eliminate programs like GEAR UP and TRIO, which provide 
support for low-income students and students with disabilities to 
obtain high school diplomas and prepare them for postsecondary 
education.
    There is also the matter of many red states calling for education 
block grants--a regressive and illegal proposal that would make it 
virtually impossible for the federal government to hold states 
accountable for providing all students with a high-quality education 
free from discrimination. The Department's budget proposal requests 
that Congress grant you the legal authority to block grant several 
programs--a clear acknowledgment that you currently lack this 
authority.
    We expect to hear from you today that you will deny the states' 
requests for block grants without direct congressional authority. Most 
importantly, we want to hear how you will hold states accountable for 
upholding students' civil rights.I would be remiss if I did not note 
that the Department's Fiscal Year 2026 budget proposal would make it 
more difficult for students to enroll in and afford a college education 
by proposing reductions in funding to need-based grants, such as Pell 
and Work Study. This is achieved by removing staff who oversee federal 
student aid administration and oversight, forcing borrowers into 
unaffordable repayment plans, and aggressively garnishing wages of low-
income borrowers.
    Additionally, the budget proposes reducing the Department's 
workforce development programs by 33 percent! In sum, between the cuts 
to higher education and programs for alternative career paths, this 
budget proposal would leave our country's workforce behind, rather than 
competing in the global economy.
    At the end of the day, it is the students of this nation who will 
suffer under this budget proposal. Students from low-income families, 
students with disabilities, English learners, international students, 
and students of color will face more hurdles to accessing equal 
educational opportunity. Eliminating those burdens is the very mission 
of the Department of Education. Regrettably, instead of investing in 
our children, your budget proposal would eviscerate vital evidence-
based educational programs and offices at the Department as a means to 
attack programs promoting ``diversity, equity, inclusion, and 
accessibility.''
    Your success in this job will only come if you adhere to the 
mission of the Department of Education, faithfully execute the laws, 
and uphold your oath to the Constitution. Regrettably, this proposed 
budget does not signal a path of success for America's students and 
families. That is why I am urging you to reverse course. I call on my 
colleagues on the other side of the aisle to critically review this 
proposal and reject it.
    Democrats will not sit idly by while our students are under attack. 
We will fight any and all attempts to dismantle the Department. We will 
continue to stand up for students, parents, and families who are 
struggling.
    Madam Secretary, thank you for appearing before us today, we hope 
to get concrete and substantive answers from you.
    With that, Mr. Chairman, I yield back the balance of my time.
                                 ______
                                 
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. Pursuant to 
Committee Rule 8(c), all members who wish to insert written 
statements into the record may do so by submitting them to the 
Committee Clerk electronically in Microsoft Word format by 5 
p.m., 14 days after this hearing.
    Without objection, the hearing record will remain open for 
14 days to allow such statements and other extraneous material 
noted during the hearing to be submitted for the official 
hearing record.
    I will now turn to the introduction of today's witness. The 
Honorable Linda McMahon, Secretary of the U.S. Department of 
Education. Madam Secretary, we thank you for being here today. 
As you are aware, it is your responsibility to provide accurate 
information to the Committee.
    Pursuant to Committee Rule, I would ask that you submit 
your oral presentation to a 5-minute summary of your written 
statement. Madam Secretary, you are recognized for your 
testimony. Welcome. Make sure the microphone is on.

  THE HONORABLE LINDA McMAHON, SECRETARY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF 
                           EDUCATION

    Secretary McMahon. That helps, so you can hear me, right? 
Good morning, Chairman Walberg, Ranking Member Scott, and 
distinguished members of the Committee. Thank you for having me 
today to represent the goal I share with my boss, President 
Trump, to responsively eliminate Federal bureaucracy, cut 
waste, and give education back to states, parents and 
educators.
    With your partnership, the Fiscal Year 26 budget will take 
a significant step toward that goal. We seek to shrink Federal 
bureaucracy, save taxpayer money, and empower states who best 
know their local needs, to manage their education in this 
country. We have reviewed our programs and identified spending 
that does not fulfill the mandated trust the American people 
have placed in President Trump.
    We have cut old contracts that were enriching private 
parties at taxpayer expense, suspended grants for illegal DEI 
programs, and now are putting forward a responsible budget 
request that reduces the Department funding by more than 15 
percent.
    At the same time, we are working to make American education 
great again. In our conversations with Governors, teachers and 
parents across the country we hear calls for accountability and 
more local control. That is our goal, to give parents access to 
a quality education their kids deserve, to fix the broken 
higher education industry that has misled students into degrees 
that do not pay off, and to create safe learning environments.
    We are holding institutions to account when they facilitate 
discriminatory or hostile environments on campus. A level 
playing field with limitless opportunity, I think is a vision 
that we all can share. Our budget reflects this vision. Its 
cuts reflect the bureaucracy that is getting out of the way and 
it is continuation and increases represent smart spending, that 
will help improve student achievement, not serve bureaucratic 
interests.
    Our goal is clear, make education better, fairer, and more 
accountable by ending Federal overreach, and empowering 
families, schools, and states, who best know the needs of their 
students. I am eager to partner with you to make this vision of 
the future a reality and ensure that every child is part of it. 
Thank you, and I look forward to your questions.
    [The prepared statement of Secretary McMahon follows:]
    
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]  
    

    Chairman Walberg. Thank you, Madam Secretary. Under 
Committee Rule 9, we will now question Secretary McMahon under 
the 5-minute rule, and I will recognize myself for 5 minutes.
    Last month, Madam Secretary, the House passed H.R. 1, the 
One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which will permanently extend 
President Trump's tax cuts, provide relief for hard-working 
families, and jumpstart our economy. Importantly, as a result 
of the hard work of this Committee, the bill also represents 
the largest reform to how we fund higher education in decades.
    With this bill now in the Senate, what does the 
administration see as the three most important higher education 
policies included in this legislation?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think one of the things that we 
really need to look at under H.R. 1, is I do not think it is 
out of the question that we should expect our colleges and 
universities to have a little skin in the game, relative to the 
loans that are made. When these colleges and universities set 
their fees of attendance, et cetera, and loans are gotten 
relative to that, those students who are applying for those 
loans are expecting to get a return on that investment and 
those parents who are backing that.
    Now, if the degrees that these students get, or if they 
drop out of school, or if the performance is not as expected, 
then these loans remain unpaid, and they become the burden of 
all the taxpayers. It is not that the loans are forgiven, or 
they go away, they are just shouldered by others. I believe 
that if colleges and universities have a little skin in the 
game, and they have to repay part of that loan, they will take 
a look at what their costs are, as we are looking at education 
across the board.
    I think we also ought to look at our simplification of the 
Student Loan and Repayment System to discourage institutions 
from raising tuition costs just because they know the Federal 
Government will make the loan, and that is I think a little bit 
as to what I said in the first part of having some skin in the 
game.
    Then we need some bold reforms, like workforce Pell, that 
will allow students to access Pell grants to pursue high-
quality, short-term training. As you mentioned, I think in your 
opening remarks, Mr. Chairman, we talked about our workforce 
shortage. We have 8 million openings, and we are not training 
our skilled workforce to fulfill these openings.
    Chairman Walberg. Yes, key points of our bill. Secretary 
McMahon, since the heinous attack on Israel on October 7th, 
antisemitism has raised its horrific head all across this 
country, and especially on many of our prestigious college 
campuses and others. They continue, sadly, to this very day.
    The past administration had a lot of resolutions put 
forward, but toothless efforts to inhibit those type of things 
taking place under the guise of First Amendment liberties, and 
free speech, which they were not. Thankfully, your approach has 
been completely different since you took office.
    Can you talk about your Department's strategy for holding 
colleges accountable for their unwillingness to tackle 
antisemitism on their campuses?
    Secretary McMahon. One of President Trump's campaign 
promises was that he was not going to tolerate antisemitism 
attacks on college campuses and universities, and he is clearly 
fulfilling that promise. We first took a look at Columbia 
University because they have been covered very thoroughly by 
the media.
    I mean when you see students barricaded in the library, or 
and other students on the outside pounding glass walls yelling, 
``Death to Israel,'' ``Death to U.S.A.,'' we know that that is 
not a safe environment for students. I have spoken to Jewish 
students who have attended some of our elite universities that 
do allow these antisemitic attacks, but I have been told that 
they are afraid, and we cannot allow students on campuses, so 
we have held back funding from Columbia.
    We have also done the same thing with Harvard, but these 
are Title VI violations. These are not First Amendment 
violations. We have gone after this under Title VI. We withheld 
funding and we are asking, as Columbia has done, to come to the 
table for negotiations. We have also asked Harvard, their 
answer was a lawsuit, so we are--we were approaching and 
investigating probably about 60 other universities for civil 
rights violations.
    Chairman Walberg. Thank you. In the few seconds remaining, 
what excites you most about returning education power and 
authority to the states?
    Secretary McMahon. I believe that the best education is 
that closest to the child, as does the President, of those on 
the ground working with children every day, Governors, 
superintendents, teachers, those are the ones who can make the 
best decisions for education for our children.
    Chairman Walberg. Thank you. I yield back. I now recognize 
the gentleman from Connecticut, Mr. Courtney.
    Mr. Courtney. Great. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Secretary 
McMahon, in your opening remarks you focused on the need for 
giving parents and families the choice in terms of their 
children's education. Sure enough, in your skinny budget, the 
line item for charter schools was plussed up, which I guess is 
consistent with those remarks.
    However, you zeroed out magnet schools in the skinny 
budget. We both come from Connecticut. U.S. News and World 
Report did their annual ranking of high schools in the State of 
Connecticut. The No. 1 high school in the State of Connecticut 
is a magnet school in East Hartford, the Connecticut IB 
Academy, the No. 3 high school in terms of quality in the State 
of Connecticut is the Marine Science School in Groton, 
Connecticut, which I have the honor of representing.
    There is not a charter school in the top 50. Again, this is 
not--my question is not really about whether charter schools 
perform or do not perform, but what your budget does is it 
undercuts parental choice because magnet schools are choice 
driven programs.
    I can say that personally because my daughter attended a 
magnet school, and you know, was an excellent education 
experience. You zeroed out that account, which is--completely 
undercuts and contradicts the hype in your opening statement 
about supporting parental choice.
    I mean why would you not support magnet schools?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I do support magnet schools, and 
as we both know in Connecticut, I will speak to magnet schools, 
but also in Connecticut there has been the lowest growth in 
charter schools, I think we are like fifth from the bottom in 
the country for allowing more charter school growth.
    Mr. Courtney. Why zero out magnets?
    Secretary McMahon. Magnet schools are also, as our charter 
schools, they are public schools, so in the public schools 
funding, then I think that as the states have more control over 
their State budgets, they can allocate those dollars to magnet 
schools.
    I think magnet schools are great, and I know that a lot of 
them do focus on particular kinds of studies.
    Mr. Courtney. Just to reclaim my--talk is cheap, budgets 
are what count, and this budget does not say that magnet 
schools are great.
    Secretary McMahon. You referenced that----
    Mr. Courtney. I have another question I want to just move 
on.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, you referenced the skinny budget, 
and that was an operating plan. We now have the full budget, so 
you might take another look at that.
    Mr. Courtney. Yes, it says zero.
    Secretary McMahon. You may still--I will be happy to get 
back to you.
    Mr. Courtney. Okay. Anyway, just I want to move on to the 
Perkins Program, which again is very important in the State of 
Connecticut. I was at a graduation ceremony on Wednesday in 
Groton, where 170 high schoolers were given job offers by 
Electric Board Shipyard because of Perkins Grants funded 
programs, both in tech schools and comprehensive high schools 
in welding, metal trades.
    The hype again from this administration is that they are 
going to support trades schools, but looking at your budget, 
again, it says zero increase in the Perkins line item, which I 
guess is--could have been worse, you could have cut it in terms 
of the program. In terms of meeting the moment of job openings, 
which you mentioned in your opening remarks, and certainly we 
have huge job openings in Southeastern Connecticut.
    This budget does not match the rhetoric in terms of trade 
schools or the trades. What I want to ask you is that, you 
know, we are trying to figure out in terms of just the 
interaction between job training programs at the Department of 
Labor and Perkins Grant Program.
    Can you tell me, again whether or not it is your intention 
to move the Office of Career Technical and Adult Education to 
the Department of Labor?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you for that question, 
Representative. I can tell you that one of the executive orders 
from the President was that the Commerce Department, Department 
of Labor and Department of Education should coordinate and look 
at workforce programs. There are over 43 different workforce 
development programs across all of the agencies, it is 
certainly inefficient in operation.
    I have had many discussions with Commerce. I have had many 
discussions with the Secretary of Labor, and I think there are 
opportunities to move some of those programs into other 
agencies.
    Mr. Courtney. Well, in your discussions, I would hope you 
would note the fact that it is in statute that that office is 
in the Department of Education. Perkins was enacted after the 
Department of Education was created. It is housed in the 
Department of Education, and we are going to be watching very 
closely in terms of whether or not there is a move made that 
violates that law.
    I also would just note in closing, the adult education line 
item was zeroed out, which is just stunning. I mean this is a 
program that allows adult learners to get a second chance in 
life because some people who did not complete high school on 
time, and also immigrants who again, want to get the literacy 
skills, so that they can get naturalized as citizens.
    I am speaking at an adult--I was invited to speak at an 
adult education graduation ceremony in Vernon Friday night, and 
again, it is pretty sad to be able to bring news from 
Washington that the Secretary of Education does not support 
adult education. With that I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I now recognize 
the Chairman Emeritus, the gentlelady from North Carolina, Mrs. 
Foxx.
    Mrs. Foxx. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, and thank 
you, Madam Secretary, for being here, being willing to take on 
the challenges that you are taking on with the Department. 
Madam Secretary, Parent Plus loans were created by Congress in 
1980 to help middle-and upper-income families access additional 
funds they might need to make tuition payments for their 
undergraduate children.
    It was never intended to be the predominant source of 
funding for college, but since the limits on how much could be 
borrowed were eliminated in the early 1990's, the program has 
turned into funding of first resort for too many American 
families, including those who have no ability to repay the 
large loan amounts that the government makes available.
    Indeed, the former President and CEO of the Thurgood 
Marshall College Fund called the program a ticking timebomb. 
Politico called it the government's predatory lending program, 
and the Georgetown Law Center on Poverty and Equality said the 
program imposes serious risks, including crushing unrepayable 
debt.
    For black families in particular, Parent Plus loans too 
often have the ability to be debilitating, as noted by a Senior 
Vice President, United Negro College Fund. Recognizing this, 
the Student Success and Taxpayer Protection Plan, which was 
included in the One Big Beautiful Bill, and is awaiting action 
in the Senate, established a lifetime cap of $50,000 to protect 
families from over borrowing under the Parent Plus Program, and 
coupled this with additional borrowing flexibility through 
lower interest Stafford loans.
    What is the administration's view of the need to put limits 
on how much parents can borrow under the Federal loan program 
like Parent Plus Program?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we certainly do support, you know, 
the limitations because I think what we have seen--I mean you 
know better than anyone, Congresswoman, that 1.7 trillion 
dollars in student loan debt is unacceptable and unsustainable 
in our country.
    When colleges and universities can absolutely set the limit 
on loans of attendance, and the government will loan that 
amount, that is just leading to more and more debt, and we have 
to put some caps. We have to put things in place, and I applaud 
all the many efforts that you have undertaken to reduce the 
cost of college.
    Mrs. Foxx. Thank you very much. Madam Secretary, each year 
the Federal Government provides over 100 billion in grants and 
loans through the Federal funding financial aid programs 
without any accountability as to whether these dollars leave 
students better off. Indeed, studies show that one-third of 
students are enrolled in programs that have a negative return 
on investment, meaning those programs leave students 
financially worse off than if they had never enrolled in 
college in the first place.
    In your view, is it necessary that Congress address the 
lack of accountability in postsecondary education?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, you know, I do think, and as I 
mentioned a little earlier, I do think that colleges and 
universities should have some skin in the game for programs 
that they are offering that cannot possibly be repaid. One of 
the things that I think is really important, if I may, is to 
say that I believe that there should be more education for 
parents and students in advance of borrowing.
    One of the things that we are undertaking, it is not in 
place yet, but we are looking at it, is in the FAFSA 
application of having information that says if you were 
borrowing this much money, and you want to attend X university, 
this is the amount of money that you might--could earn with 
having this degree.
    Take a look at universities across the country and what the 
mean amount is to take that course. Is this the university you 
want to go to, or would you go to another one because now you 
can see exactly what kind of jeopardy, if you will, or what 
kind of debt you are going to owe and be able to repay, and I 
think that is really important.
    Mrs. Foxx. I agree completely with you. Madam Secretary, 
one more question. Universities are increasingly concerned with 
creating cultures of inclusion and belonging, but in recent 
years we have seen these institutions turn the other way when 
Jewish students are excluded or subjected to litmus tests about 
Israel and Zionism.
    In your opinion, what message does it send to Jewish and 
Israeli students, and faculty on college campuses when 
universities entertain calls to boycott and divest, and divest 
from Israel? What is the Department of Education doing to reign 
in the damage that BDS causes in higher education?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we have certainly taken 
universities to task already through the programs with Columbia 
that you have seen of reducing or of stopping their funding, 
400 billion dollars. Right now, other departments or agencies, 
HHS, GSA involved. We have cut Harvard's funding by 2.2 billion 
dollars, and an additional 450 million I think is the correct 
number.
    We are putting teeth behind these Title VI violations. 
Before, I think, it was Representative Scott that said maybe 
talk is cheap, well we have put teeth in these efforts.
    Mrs. Foxx. Thank you, Madam Secretary, and thank you Mr. 
Chairman. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady. Now I recognize 
the gentlelady from Oregon, Ms. Bonamici.
    Ms. Bonamici. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Secretary McMahon, 
on February 13th, during your confirmation hearing, Senator 
Murray asked you if confirmed, do you commit to getting every 
dollar we have invested in our student center schools out to 
them, and you replied, ``Well, the appropriated dollars and 
those moneys that are passed by Congress, yes.''
    Senator Alsobrooks asked you whether you would support any 
directive from the President to freeze funds that have been 
appropriated by Congress, and you responded if they have been 
appropriated by Congress, those funds should be disseminated.
    You stood by, as Elon Musk's Department of Government 
Efficiency froze or terminated more than a billion dollars in 
congressionally directed Federal grants at the Department of 
Education, and you have made no attempts to reinState those 
funds.
    Secretary McMahon, were you not being truthful when you 
testified in the Senate, and if you were being truthful, what 
is your plan to immediately reinState these funds?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I thank you for that question, and 
I would like to perhaps explore with you a little further as to 
exactly which grants you were talking about. I believe that----
    Ms. Bonamici. The one billion dollars in congressionally 
directed Federal grants that have been cut.
    Secretary McMahon. As I said, I would like to work with you 
to understand exactly which cut, which grants you are talking 
about. I can also tell you that as part of my testimony----
    Ms. Bonamici. Madam Secretary, I am reclaiming my time 
because the question is congressionally directed funds have 
been cut. What are you doing to reinState those funds?
    Secretary McMahon. I also said in that testimony that we 
would abide by the law, and that is exactly what we will do.
    Ms. Bonamici. Well, that would be to reinstate the funds. I 
know you have this so-called simplified funding program that 
consolidates programs, including Title IV(a), which I always 
lead the appropriations letter for, but overall, this 
consolidation--so-called consolidation leads to a 4.5 billion 
dollar cut, so that makes your statement untruthful if you are 
not doing anything to restore those funds.
    With regard to Title IV(a), can you name one of the major 
categories in Title IV(a) where cuts will lead to a well-
rounded education, a world class education.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, let me respond to one other thing 
that you asked before when you were talking about the cuts of 
4.5 billion dollars, along with that cut goes a great reduction 
in the cost of regulatory compliance.
    Ms. Bonamici. Madam Secretary, I need to reclaim my time 
because I want you to answer the question about which category 
and IV(a) we are cutting will lead to a world class education?
    Secretary McMahon. I am certainly going to answer your 
question, but also, I think it is important for this Committee, 
and for taxpayers to understand that when we cut red tape for 
regulations----
    Ms. Bonamici. I understand. Madam Secretary, I have to 
reclaim my time because you are not answering my question.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I am trying to answer your 
question.
    Ms. Bonamici. The cuts have happened, and as Secretary of 
Education your job is to faithfully execute the law.
    Secretary McMahon. Right.
    Ms. Bonamici. If you cannot do that you should not be in 
this job. I have another question for you. Since you have been 
in office, you violated or stated your intention to violate 
several major Federal laws that have been enacted by Congress, 
and one of them I want to talk about is the Education Sciences 
Reform Act, so that is what I will focus on.
    Congress enacted the law more than 20 years ago and created 
the Institute of Education Sciences. IES provides evidence-
based data to improve student outcomes and support teachers, 
but the Trump administration unilaterally canceled more than 
900 million dollars in IES grant funding, and reduced IES staff 
from 175 to fewer than 20 employees, a reduction of about 90 
percent.
    Secretary McMahon, what statute authorizes you to 
unilaterally dismantle an office Congress created?
    Secretary McMahon. What we have done to the benefit of 
those grants is to--well, first of all let me say that there 
are a lot of contracts that are done in IES, so none of those 
contracted services have been affected. Also, what is part of 
IES the funding that you are talking about it for NAEP and for 
the NAEP program is already in place for the next 5 years.
    However, we did renegotiate that contract and saved 540 
billion dollars----
    Ms. Bonamici. You could do that with fewer than 20 
employees, is what you are saying?
    Secretary McMahon. We are doing it because we are able to 
continue doing what we do because the contracted services, 
which are still in place, have not been affected.
    Ms. Bonamici. Yes, it is hard to believe that you can meet 
the statutory obligations without money or adequate staff. What 
do the NAEP scores show when disaggregated by income by the 
way?
    Secretary McMahon. I beg your pardon?
    Ms. Bonamici. What do the NAEP scores show when 
disaggregated by income?
    Secretary McMahon. When disaggregated? I do not understand 
the question.
    Ms. Bonamici. Okay. Well, maybe you should look at the NAEP 
scores because what they say, you and the Chairman, and a lot 
of members of this Committee use the NAEP scores to talk about 
education is doing. What we really need to look at is how we 
address low-income students.
    Secretary McMahon. Oh, okay. You are talking about 
performance and achievement gaps, okay, I get it now.
    Ms. Bonamici. Yes.
    Secretary McMahon. Okay. Well, NAEP scores I think 
continually show what we all know to be true. I think I have 
looked at it in my State of Connecticut. It is one of the 
things that first got me into government. I looked at the 
achievement gaps, and that is what I wanted to make sure that 
we were servicing, so----
    Ms. Bonamici. As my time expires, Madam Secretary, what 
they show is that we need to have investments to help our low-
income students succeed, and you are cutting those investments. 
I ran for Congress because I wanted to make public education 
better, but not just for a few, not just those who are worthy 
of private dollars, and not just those in wealthy 
neighborhoods, but every single student.
    As Secretary of Education, I hope you would have the same 
goal. I yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. I do, and thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady's time has expired. I now 
recognize the gentleman from South Carolina, Mr. Wilson.
    Mr. Wilson. Thank you very much, Chairman Tim Walberg, for 
your great leadership on behalf of the American people, and 
gosh, thank you, Madam Secretary, for your vision and courage 
to promote local school control of education for parents, for 
students, for teachers, and Washington is not all wise, and the 
local elected school boards should be where power is exhibited, 
and where people know better about the local communities, and 
it should be devolved to them.
    Additionally, I want to thank you and President Trump, you 
are successfully empowering American citizens, not big 
government, and you are actually doing the exact opposite of 
any dictatorship in that power is being returned to the people, 
the local elected school boards that so well reflect the 
citizens who have elected them.
    Then I believe you are the right person for the job. 
Additionally, I believe too that it is so clear that education 
is a State issue, and it should remain as a State issue. It 
should not be a Federal issue. With that in mind, I recently 
led a letter, along with 27 of my colleagues to call for an 
increase in funding for the Federal Charter Schools Program, 
CSP.
    Across the country the charter school community is 
committed to providing families with high-quality public 
education options voluntarily, choice of the parents, and I am 
grateful to see that President Trump's budget would increase 
the charter school program by 14 percent.
    Furthermore, last month during National Charter Schools 
Week, you announced an additional 60 million dollars in funding 
for the CSP this year to help meet the needs of families across 
the country. For the American people, and particularly for the 
media, if you will explain what the success is of the voluntary 
school choice programs are, and how is this money going to be 
spent around the country?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you very much, Congressman 
Wilson, for A, for your kind words about me, but also I have 
visited many schools, many charter schools throughout the 
country already, and what I have seen with those charter 
schools is the innovation that they are allowed to use that you 
don't see in a lot of our public schools.
    I am very pleased to see that the President is also 
supporting school choice. The President wants to make sure that 
the best education is that that is closest to the child. 
Whether that is home schooling, charter schools, public 
schools, private schools, religious schools, he wants to make 
every opportunity available to all the children in the country.
    I am pleased that we did increase the budget request for 
charter schools.
    Mr. Wilson. I too have visited the schools, and I visit all 
the schools that I can in the district I represent. Every type 
that you just identified, and I hope the media will go by and 
visit a charter school, and see how positive they are, and find 
out how the students are doing so well.
    They are voluntary. It is what--it is not for everyone, but 
where it is the media, it would be nice for them as they are 
doing investigative reporting, to look into truly not just the 
viewpoint of the teacher's union, but what is really happening 
in America. Along with that, Secretary McMahon, I am really 
concerned that we have adversaries, War Criminal Putin, we have 
the Chinese Communist Party. We have the dictatorship in 
Tehran--are targeting our universities and colleges.
    What can we do, again, to stop this--their inroads? It has 
already been successful removing Confucius Institutes, which 
are a branch of the Communist Party--Chinese Communist Party, 
so what more can be done to promote freedom and democracy, 
instead of totalitarianism?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think we have certainly seen--in 
fact one of the requirements we had of Harvard is that they--
or, one of the questions we had of Harvard is how are they 
vetting their students that come internationally? How are they 
vetting their teachers, their professors who come 
internationally? Are they--do they have ideological backgrounds 
that are contrary to the United States government?
    We also, I mean I heard this morning on the news that there 
was a student from China, I think it was discovered in July, 
that had fungus spores in a backpack from China that he brought 
to the University of Michigan. Now, we have to make sure that 
we stop that because this can be an attack on our food supply, 
an attack on our, you know, our total population.
    These are incredibly important things, and the State 
Department is looking at Visas, canceling them, making sure 
that the students who are here are here in the best interest of 
the United States.
    Mr. Wilson Thank you for promoting free speech, and also 
international students who want to come and learn and be 
positive, but also understanding there may be agents of foreign 
countries coming to our country. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I now recognize 
the gentleman and teacher from California, Mr. Takano.
    Mr. Takano. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you for being 
here, Madam Secretary. Good to see you again. Let us get right 
to it. Madam Secretary, do you believe that the Federal 
Government is legally or constitutionally permitted to punish a 
private entity for having a different viewpoint than the 
administration?
    Secretary McMahon. What do you mean by that?
    Mr. Takano. Well, do you have--does the government have the 
power, or legally--is it legal or constitutional for you, the 
Secretary, to punish a private entity for having a different 
viewpoint than the administration?
    Secretary McMahon. I do not know what you mean by punish. 
Can you be more specific?
    Mr. Takano. Well, let us move on. Apparently, I do not want 
to get into this--back and forth on this. This poster here, you 
gave an interview on CNBC on May 28th, and discussing the 
cancellation of Harvard University's Federal funding grants and 
contracts.
    You said and I quote, ``Universities should continue to be 
able to do research as long as they are abiding by the laws and 
in sync, I think, with the administration and what I think the 
administration is trying to accomplish.'' What you are saying--
so, you are saying Harvard can have its funding, and its 
international students back if and when it teaches what the 
Trump administration demands.
    These demands are included in this April 11th letter signed 
by the Department of Education and other agencies, and include 
a requirement that the government must be able to ``audit'' the 
viewpoints of its student body, faculty staff, to ensure 
``viewpoint diversity.'' I ask unanimous consent to submit this 
letter for the record.
    Chairman Walberg. Without objection, it will be submitted.
    [The letter of Rep. Takano follows:]
    
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    Mr. Takano. It says, I quote in the letter, ``Harvard must 
abolish all criteria, preferences and practices, through its 
admissions and hiring practices that function as ideological 
litmus tests.'' Now, Madam Secretary, what are the limits of 
this viewpoint diversity that the administration is trying to 
enforce? Under these demands, for example, would the Harvard 
Government Department be compelled to hire faculty that believe 
the 2020 election was stolen?
    Secretary McMahon. I believe that there are rights to 
freedom of speech, and that on campuses and universities of 
colleges and universities across the country, freedom of speech 
should be allowed. There should be open debate. There should be 
different viewpoints.
    Mr. Takano. I am not asking a question about freedom of 
speech here.
    Secretary McMahon. There should be different viewpoints.
    Mr. Takano. Madam Secretary, I am asking you about the 
limits of viewpoint diversity cited in this letter. You demand 
that Harvard should, would be compelled to hire faculty. I 
mean, well, you are saying that there has to be a viewpoint 
diversity. I am just asking would Harvard, would the government 
department be compelled to hire faculty that believe the 2020 
election was stolen, as an example of viewpoint diversity?
    Secretary McMahon. However, one of the things that Harvard 
Crimson by its own----
    Mr. Takano. Okay. I think you are--you do not really have 
the answer, so I am going to move on to other questions, maybe 
we can clarify other questions. Would viewpoint diversity mean, 
for example----
    Secretary McMahon. Well, you are not allowing me to answer 
the question.
    Mr. Takano. Madam Secretary, I am reclaiming my time, 
reclaiming my time.
    Secretary McMahon. Do you want to know the answer? Do you 
want to know what my response is?
    Mr. Takano. Reclaiming my time, Madam Secretary.
    Secretary McMahon. Okay. Well, you go ahead.
    Mr. Takano. Madam Secretary, would the Harvard Medical 
School who was looking to hire an immunologist, would that 
person need to adhere to HHS Secretary Kennedy's view on the 
efficacy of vaccines?
    Secretary McMahon. Listen, we all know that we should have 
our universities look at what all the programs are--the 
political ideology----
    Mr. Takano. I do not think you really thought through this 
viewpoint diversity issue.
    Secretary McMahon. The political ideology that you are 
trying to put forth is a false narrative.
    Mr. Takano. Okay.
    Secretary McMahon. The funding is a privilege, it is not a 
right.
    Mr. Takano. Madam Secretary, recall, reclaim my time. Does 
refusing to hire a Holocaust denier as a member of Harvard's 
history department faculty count as an ideological litmus test?
    Secretary McMahon. I believe there should be diversity of 
viewpoints relative to teachings and opinions on campuses.
    Mr. Takano. What about the situation of Harvard's history 
department, and they are looking for another department member. 
Would being a Holocaust denier count as that?
    Secretary McMahon. I do know that Harvard did replace its 
head of Middle Eastern studies even before we looked at it 
because they believed they needed to make changes already.
    Mr. Takano. Okay. Can you explain to me how cutting funding 
to improve--cutting funding to cancer research, which may save 
the lives of children, will help Jewish students on campus?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we had to put some teeth in the 
antisemitism study, so we used--that actually did not come from 
the Department of Education, it came from HHS. Therefore, 
Harvard had indicated that it might even take from its 
endowment, which is 53 billion dollars, some funds to continue 
that research, and I think that might have been a really good 
use for some of those funds.
    Mr. Takano. Well, I think it is pretty clear you have not 
really thought through this whole viewpoint diversity.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, you would not know because you 
have not allowed me to answer my questions, but thank you.
    Mr. Takano. Well, I think you were showing that you could 
not really answer the questions.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time is expired.
    Mr. Takano. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. Now I recognize 
the gentleman from Wisconsin, Mr. Grothman.
    Mr. Grothman. Yes. First of all, I would like to comment on 
a statement made by our newest member here. In Wisconsin, I 
felt one of the things we did to improve education the most is 
stand up to the teacher's union and allow some of the worst 
teachers to be let go. I think it is disappointing we have 
people who think the key to improving education is unionizing 
the schools, and unionizing the schools inevitably means you 
cannot get rid of the worst teachers.
    Just a little bit of my personal experience in Wisconsin. 
The second thing, people here mentioned the GED, and at least 
in Wisconsin, we were not allowed, even as a State Legislator, 
to see the GED, but somebody released it to me anyway, I guess 
breaking the law, and I was shocked at how easy those tests 
were. It was almost comical.
    I am going to ask you, will you do what you can to, at 
least for some states, I do not know if it is a nationwide 
thing, or a state-by-State thing, release some of these GED 
exams, even if they are four or 5 years old, so the public can 
see what they mean?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you for your question. I am 
not sure that is under my jurisdiction, but I would like to 
look into it and get back to you on that.
    Mr. Grothman. Okay. Next thing, just covering workforce 
Pell just a second. I know it sounds good. At least in 
Wisconsin when I talk to trucking firms, I saw a--I toured a 
manufacturer last week who was paying for the tech school 
degrees for its employes, even before the people were employed 
there. Same thing with construction firms paying for the 
education, so I kind of felt a little bit that this workforce 
fellas were driving in and paying for stuff, the private sector 
is taking care of already.
    I will just ask you to look into that. Now, as far as bias, 
and the antisemitism in universities. To me, it is part of part 
and parcel of a larger problem. Anybody who has been involved 
in Republican politics for a while has met students who have to 
lie routinely on tests to feel like they have to get a good 
score.
    It is because you have this monolithic left wing that is--
got almost all in some disciplines of the teaching jobs. To me, 
this antisemitism is increasingly part of the left wing sagest, 
it is everywhere in the universities, global warming, greatly 
exaggerated amount of bias in the universities, that sort of 
thing.
    What do you think--and I honestly do not know the answer to 
this. What do you think we can do about the overwhelming left-
wing bias in so many disciplines at the universities?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think that is one of the things 
that I have been talking about is doing some vetting on how the 
courses are being taught, and to make sure that we have, you 
know, equal and diverse viewpoints. I mean when Harvard will, 
through its own Harvard Crimson, say that only 3 percent of the 
faculty are conservative, I do not think we have diversity 
viewpoints in that case.
    Even in hiring, we are looking at Harvard--well, Harvard 
had the standard case.
    Mr. Grothman. Right.
    Secretary McMahon. It was students versus Harvard.
    Mr. Grothman. Thank you.
    Secretary McMahon. That it was Harvard's not hiring, you 
know, through merit, and it is decreasing those populations of 
students from, you know, it is against a lot of Asians in the 
community, so all of those things have to be taken into 
consideration.
    Mr. Grothman. I agree with you that we have a shortage of 
people going into skills-based learning programs, be it the 
tech schools, be it the trade schools, what have you. I think 
part of the answer is to disseminate the statistics showing how 
much better, say a plumber or an electrician, or a welder does 
than people with a communication arts degree, or a business 
marketing degree.
    It is a very difficult thing to know what to do because of 
course under our Constitution, education is not really 
something that we think of as a Federal thing. I think you 
could disseminate that. Would you try to do what you could to, 
during your term, educate the public as to how much better 
financially people do with a skill as opposed to a general 
education degree?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I certainly would like to make 
sure that everyone does understand that.
    Mr. Grothman. Will you publicize it. I guess that is what I 
am looking for. Will you publicize how much better?
    Secretary McMahon. I think those stats are available. All 
you have to do is have a plumber come to your house. Boy, I can 
tell you I am going, I might be in the wrong business 
sometimes.
    Mr. Grothman. I hope you use your position. My final 
question is one of my colleagues here talked about so-called 
difference by income level. I always think that is not where 
they should be looking. I think they should be looking by 
family background.
    Would you collect data, unlike for income level, family 
background of students and see--by that I mean family 
structure, and see how that affects educational test scores? 
Would you do that for us?
    Secretary McMahon. I would really like to get back to you 
and understand a little bit more of what you would like us to 
look into, but I will get back to you on that.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time has expired. I now 
yield, recognize the gentlelady from North Carolina, Ms. Adams, 
for her 5 minutes.
    Ms. Adams. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Secretary McMahon for being here today. I hope that I will have 
an opportunity to meet with you. I had made a request, and we 
were not able to do that, and hopefully you will reconsider. 
Let me just raise a concern that I heard from one of my 
constituents who served in the Department of Grants Management 
Policy Division. Their entire unit received a RIF notice in 
March, and this office, from what I understand, held key 
oversight functions for grant administration and compliance.
    Ensuring that taxpayer dollars were used effectively and 
legally, and that the Department's obligations under Federal 
statute were met. I know you have spoken about the importance 
of streamlining and efficiency, and I respect that, and I know 
it is difficult sometimes.
    Let me ask you, if you can speak to the Department's plan 
for transitioning this critical compliance work moving forward, 
and how you are ensuring that core responsibilities around 
Federal grant oversight training and legal compliance are still 
being fulfilled?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you very much for your 
question, just let me give you the assurance that even with the 
streamlining that we have done so far, we have not missed any 
of our statutory requirements, and that is what we will 
continue to do.
    Ms. Adams. You have, and you are going to meet those. Is 
that what you are saying?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes.
    Ms. Adams. Okay. Let me ask you as you already know, Title 
3, Part B, provides mandatory funding to HBCUs, and I 
appreciate your statement on HBCUs. I am a 40-year professor at 
an HBCU, a graduate twice of one, but can you speak to how the 
Department is using the data and metrics to track the long-term 
impact of outcomes, like academic performance, research 
competitiveness, and infrastructure modernization at our HBCUs 
that are approximately almost 200 years old?
    Beyond that, how do you plan to scale what is working? If 
we are seeing strong results at one campus, and how can we make 
sure that these best practices are reaching others?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you very much for asking. We 
have held all of our funding for HBCUs level, they have not 
been decreased. I have met with President Vincent from Howard 
University, and understand from him a lot of the great programs 
they have in place, so we recognize the great value of HBCUs.
    I believe, and I can get back to you to make sure that this 
is a correct statement, but I believe that the President also 
has a special office in the administration for HBCUs.
    Ms. Adams. Yes, yes, ma'am, he does, and of course he did 
have an executive order on HBCUs, and of course you know that 
the HBCUs' Partners Act, signed into law by the President, 
requires agencies to report each year to Congress on how they 
are supporting HBCUs, and how that aligns with the goals of the 
executive order and the White House Initiative, which you just 
spoke about.
    Let us say that there is a grant that gets canceled, but 
that cancellation does not line up with the executive order, or 
the intent of the HBCU Partners Act. Would you be willing to 
work with the White House Initiative, and your inner agency 
partners to take another look at those decisions, and 
potentially reinState grants that were inconsistent with that 
guidance?
    Secretary McMahon. Certainly. I would always look into 
those things, but we have not canceled any grants.
    Ms. Adams. Oh, yes, ma'am. Okay. Well, we are going to make 
sure that we followup on that.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, we will followup if that is not the 
case.
    Ms. Adams. All right. Well, thank you. Are there ways that 
you could look at to incentivize required State matches to 
HBCUs as the executive order states because currently that is 
not being done?
    Secretary McMahon. I am not sure that it is not being done, 
but I would like to look into it further, and if it is not 
being done, I would like to talk to you about it.
    Ms. Adams. Yes, ma'am. I want to talk to you about it 
because I can assure you that it is not being done. Let me just 
say, Mr. Chairman, I do want to ask for unanimous consent to 
enter into the record a 2024 report from the Century Foundation 
that outlines studies that show that HBCUs provide an 
incredible return on investment.
    Chairman Walberg. Without objection, it will be submitted.
    [The information of Ms. Adams follows:]
    
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    Ms. Adams. Well, thank you and Madam Secretary, thank you 
very much. I know that I am almost slightly over my time, but I 
am looking forward to this year's HBCU Week. I saw that the 
website has been updated, and I certainly appreciate the effort 
to keep that momentum going. I look forward to, as I said in my 
opening comments, to having that one on one with you.
    I will certainly appreciate if you would honor that 
request, and thank you very much for being here, and Mr. Chair, 
I yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you. I will certainly do that.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady yields right on time. 
Thank you. I recognize the gentlelady from New York, Ms. 
Stefanik.
    Ms. Stefanik. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Secretary McMahon, 
thank you for being here today. I want to followup on my 
colleague across the aisle's back and forth where you didn't 
have an opportunity to answer the question. As you know, I have 
been very engaged in leading this effort, in terms of holding 
Harvard accountable.
    We saw the scourge of antisemitism after the Hamas attacks 
on October 7th, and Harvard failed in every respect to enforce 
the rules to protect Jewish students. Over the course of our 
investigation it was revealed that there was antisemitism deep 
in the office of DEI at Harvard, for their failure to respond 
to Jewish students, and it highlighted this issue of a failure 
of ideological diversity.
    I wanted to add some more details to what you pointed out. 
Less than 3 percent of the Harvard faculty are conservative, 
and this is a challenge in education at large. According to the 
Harvard Crimson, as of 1989 the ratio was 2 to 1, liberal to 
conservative. By 2017, it was 5 to 1 and then as of 2023, it is 
26 to 1.
    When we talk about ideological diversity, it is a crisis at 
Harvard. Can you further elaborate on that?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, just agreeing with what you have 
said. I mean by their own statistics, it is clear that they do 
not have diversity of viewpoint. I believe, and as I mentioned 
a little bit earlier, the fact that Harvard had already 
replaced its head, or looking to replace its head of Middle 
East studies, recognizing that they already had an issue.
    I think it is indicative that Harvard, even before we were 
initiating our--well, I actually think that we spurred them on.
    Ms. Stefanik. Absolutely.
    Secretary McMahon. When we started putting teeth in what we 
were doing they finally said okay, we are going to make some 
changes, and they did do that shortly after we started our 
investigation.
    Ms. Stefanik. You are spot on, Secretary McMahon. Harvard 
has failed to save itself. They are responding to the 
exceptional work of this Committee, and the accountability 
measures that this administration has put into place, so I want 
to thank you for your strong leadership, and I want to thank 
President Trump for his strong leadership.
    I care deeply about this as an alumni of Harvard, and as 
the first member of my immediate family to have that 
opportunity. We want to make sure these institutions are 
excellent for generations to come. My followup, which is on a 
different subject, this has come up in virtually every meeting 
that I have had, whether it is with university Presidents, 
professors, or students, is the challenge of AI, and academic 
integrity in the classroom.
    Can you talk about the Department's approach in terms of 
how to harness the benefits of this technology, but also make 
sure that we are learning the basics in the classroom, and have 
academic integrity?
    Secretary McMahon. You know, I think AI is probably one of 
the--it is so overwhelming with the abilities that it can 
bring, but it also has a down side and dangers. We want to make 
sure that AI is not, you know, leading to false essays or 
papers or studies that students are turning in.
    However, when I looked at K through 12 education, and I 
have seen some of the tutorial benefits for individual studies 
through AI, I think it brings so much to the table that we can 
offer students who are accomplishing more in the classroom, or 
who are not accomplishing as much, but that one on one tutorial 
advantage.
    I think we need to harness and capture those opportunities 
from AI, but at the same time making sure we understand, and I 
do not think we even have this much of a handle on it yet of 
what some of the dangers of AI can be, and I think that that is 
what is incumbent upon us to look across the board at all of 
that.
    Ms. Stefanik. Well, thank you for that. My last question, 
and this is primarily for K through 12, and I think about this 
both as a policymaker, but as a mom, as my young 3 year old who 
is finishing Pre-K 3, but screen time for our kids, and the 
dangers of huge amounts of screentime.
    I want to credit my colleague, Kevin Kiley, whose hosting a 
hearing on this next week. Can you discuss the administration 
and the Department's approach to tackling this very concerning 
issue that has had huge impacts on the mental health, but also 
the focus of our kids?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, and I do think this is really at 
State level.
    Ms. Stefanik. Yes.
    Secretary McMahon. There are Governors who are, you know, 
promoting policies, or superintendents who are putting in 
policies in their local areas that say, you know, bell to bell, 
in schools, no devices, so that students are not distracted, 
you know, from what they are doing.
    I think parents at home need to look at the amount of 
screen time that their children--this is a great deal of 
parental responsibility as well. You know, we have looked at 
different aspects. I have seen reports of more and more screen 
time, which then reduces your ability to focus and have 
attention for your subjects. While there is an entertainment 
value, an information value to screen time, it is not always--I 
think less could be more.
    Ms. Stefanik. Thank you so much, Secretary McMahon, for 
your service, for the tremendous work you are doing for 
students across the country. Yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady. Now I recognize--
I have lost sight here. A little too soon. I now want to 
recognize the gentlelady from Georgia, Ms. McBath.
    Mrs. McBath. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Secretary McMahon, 
thank you so much for being with us today. As Secretary, you 
have a direct authority over the cancellation of grants and 
contracts at the Department of Education.
    On February 10th, you canceled the Charting My Path for 
Student Success Program that served over 1,600 disabled 
students and their families across 62 schools in 11 states, 
including Paulding County, which is in my home State of 
Georgia.
    This year-round program provided support services and 
frequent small group sessions to ensure that physically 
disabled students, or students with dyslexia, autism and other 
disabilities as well as their families, can meet their goals of 
transitioning to and succeeding in adulthood, which is really 
what every parent wishes for their child.
    All too often it is unfortunately a sink or swim situation 
for disabled students after high school, and programs like this 
can be the difference between a lifetime on disability 
insurance, versus a good job that they can raise a family on.
    On this poster right here, you can see the exact email that 
was sent out to parents in Georgia because of your decision, 
which I would like to submit digitally for the record.
    It says, ``The Federal funding provided by the Department 
of Education for this initiative has been discontinued 
immediately, and that your child will no longer receive 
transition supports.''
    [The information of Rep. McBath follows:]
    
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    Mrs. McBath. I would like to also submit for the record, an 
article from NPR about a young man named Logan, and his mother 
Jessie, who were really benefiting from this program before it 
was abruptly canceled.
    [The information of Rep. McBath follows:]
    
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    Mrs. McBath. Secretary, this is just simply a yes or no 
answer. Do you stand by your decision to cancel this program in 
the middle of the school year without any warning to the 
hundreds of students, teachers and families that were 
participating?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I would like to explore that more.
    Mrs. McBath. Secretary, this is a yes or no answer.
    Secretary McMahon. No it is not a yes or no answer.
    Mrs. McBath. Yes, it is.
    Secretary McMahon. It is not.
    Mrs. McBath. The American people deserve----
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I am not going to give you a yes 
or no answer because it is more----
    Mrs. McBath. Full answer from you, yes or no? I am not 
going to let you circumvent. I am not going to let you ignore 
it, yes or no, it is a simple question. Do you stand by this 
decision?
    Secretary McMahon. Some of the different programs, and I 
cannot speak to individual grant programs without looking into 
them exactly. There are a lot of grant programs out there, so I 
would like to get back to you.
    Mrs. McBath. Note for the record that the Secretary is 
unwilling to answer my question. Is it clear, or do you believe 
that you were misleading the public regarding the actions that 
you and President Trump have taken to cut or cancel programs 
and services for disabled children and their families?
    You have said multiple times that disabled students will 
not be negatively impacted by your decisions, but they already 
are. Time and time again, this administration asked the 
American people to listen to everything that they say, but to 
ignore actually what they are really doing. Given our limited 
time, I plan to submit written questions to you and for the 
record, to learn more about your decision, and get some direct 
answers from these parents as to why the kids cannot meet with 
their teachers anymore.
    Secretary, yes or no. Simple answer, just a direct answer. 
Do you believe that gun violence, the leading cause of death 
for children in this country is a public health crisis?
    Secretary McMahon. I believe that gun violence is just we 
should not--we should take steps to make sure that gun violence 
does not happen in our schools.
    Mrs. McBath. Is it a public health crisis to you? The 
American people and families want to know do you believe that 
our children sitting in our classrooms should be in fear of 
unnecessary gun violence? Most of America believes that this is 
a public scourge. Do you believe that gun violence poses a 
threat to our children while they are sitting in our 
classrooms?
    Secretary McMahon. Gun violence should not be allowed 
anywhere, and gun violence, especially should not be in our 
schools.
    Mrs. McBath. I would like to say to you, Secretary, as a 
mother who lost her son to unnecessary gun violence in the 
prime of his teenage years, your response, or basically a lack 
of response is completely out of touch. Every parent, whether 
they send their kids to public or private school, worries about 
their child being killed at school, and there is a lot of data 
to prove that.
    It is unfortunate reality that this happens every single 
day, but yes, this is the reality. There is something very 
wrong when the highest ranking government officials responsible 
for the safety and education of our kids cannot claim that the 
leading cause of death among children is not a crisis. Every 
American should be deeply concerned while you remain Secretary 
of Education, and I hope that I am able to get some answers in 
writing from you and I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady. I now recognize 
the gentleman from Utah.
    Mr. Owens. Thank you. Madam Secretary, good seeing you 
again here.
    Secretary McMahon. Oh, there you are.
    Mr. Owens. First of all, I would like to thank you for 
bringing your entrepreneurial expertise to the industry that 
has long forgotten what a good return on investment is when it 
comes down to teaching our kids. There is nothing more 
important for the survival of our American culture than what 
you are tasked to do.
    You represent the end of accepting failure as an option, 
and on behalf of those who love the role of educators because 
they love the children they teach, I want to thank you for that 
passion. As you know, the House passed Resolution 
Reconciliation Bill, includes a version of the Educational 
Choice for Children's Act, which will provide billions of tax 
credit scholarships for school choice.
    I have long advocated for school choice, and I am eager to 
see a much-needed school choice legislation enacted at the 
Federal level. Why do you think expanding school choice is such 
a huge win for parents who are desperate for educational 
options?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you very much, Congressman, 
for that question. School choice, I believe, is one of the top 
things we can do to make sure that every child has equal access 
to an excellent education. President Trump certainly believes, 
and I have said this many times, even this morning, he truly 
believes, as do I, that the best education is that that is 
closest to the child.
    When, you know, when we think about teachers who are with 
our students, our children, every single day, school 
superintendents, and parents, who should have rights over the 
say of the curriculum that are being taught to their children. 
These are all things that are part of the school choice 
program.
    The President does not believe that any child should be 
imprisoned, if you will, in a failing school. We should have 
opportunities to go to other schools, and so, I am really 
pleased to see that he has wanted limits, or the budgets 
increased for our charter schools. He wants to make sure that 
our public schools have the best teachers, the best funding.
    He wants to make sure that all private schools, religious 
schools, and even those that are teaching their children at 
home with home schooling, have all the best tools available. He 
was embarrassed by the NAEP scores. He was embarrassed by where 
education levels were in our country, and he was angry.
    When he has talked to me about it, he said we absolutely 
need to make changes so that our students can have the best 
education in the world, and that their performance scores will 
indicate that.
    Mr. Owens. By the way, we should all be angry about what is 
happening to our kids today. It is a travesty. By the way, 
every child, no matter what zip code they live in, deserve the 
rights for life, liberty and pursuit of happiness. The only 
thing that can, only way that can happen is through education.
    You have been aggressive in attacking scourge of DEI in our 
educational institutions. This has been the root cause of 
antisemitism. Our children are trained to embrace. Of course, 
our Democratic colleagues were accused of attacking free 
speech, whitewashing history, and using DEI as a cover to 
launch a political crusade against institutions you do not 
like.
    Could you talk more about why DEI is important, an 
important civil rights issue for all students?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, unfortunately, many of the 
programs of DEI did more--I mean the title was Diversity, 
Equity and Inclusion, and it did more, I think, to separate, 
and to provide more segregation ideas because it pitted an 
oppressor versus oppressed ideology.
    Many students were taught that if you are white you are 
privileged. If you are not, you should not bring that privilege 
group as part of what you are doing. That is exactly contrary 
to, I think, everything we have been trying to accomplish in 
our country over the years, so that everyone really has equal 
access, equal opportunity under the law.
    Mr. Owens. Yesterday, you had a hearing with a Senator out 
of Rhode Island who said you are surrendering by giving the 
power back to the parents and the districts. I just want to 
remind everybody that we, in 2025, have 70 percent of our kids 
in eighth grade cannot read, write and think.
    In 2017, black kids in the State of Cali, California, 75 
percent could not read, write and think. Here in Baltimore have 
zero proficiency in math, for many of the schools in this 
district. I think it is kind of arrogant for those bureaucrats 
here, politicians who believe that we do it best for our kids, 
and when the parents contribute at the forefront of that.
    I want to thank you and your--and this Department and this 
administration for understanding the power belongs with the 
parents, and we are going to start producing the smartest, 
wisest, and the most hopeful students in the history of 
mankind, so thank you for that. I appreciate it. I yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you, sir.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman, and I recognize 
the gentlelady from Pennsylvania, Ms. Lee.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I think that in very many 
ways we have been talked around a lot of the issues with this 
administration, so to be honest, and to be very clear, I want 
to say that this administration has undoubtedly revived the 
culture of racism we have not seen since the Jim Crow Era.
    They have made it clear that open attacks on black and 
brown and other marginalized communities is not just tolerated, 
but it is encouraged. When they call for removing of equity and 
inclusion and diversity and accessibility from schools in favor 
of, ``traditional American values,'' it is indistinguishable 
from post-war civil--post-Civil War south advocating to rewrite 
history with the lost cause narratives to censor truths of our 
slavery.
    As they disappear students who write dissenting op eds, it 
is reminiscent of the suppression of abolitionist newspapers, 
and this Department's financial aid policies harken back to a 
time when higher education was reserved for affluent, well-
connected, and predominantly white students.
    I have a question--I have some questions, excuse me, about 
why this Department is taking its leads from Jim Crow? 
Secretary McMahon, you have claimed that you want to 
drastically reduce the already very small Federal role in 
education, and also that you will not cut Title 1(a) funding. 
That is still your position, correct?
    Secretary McMahon. Correct.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you. I would like a yes or no answer. Do you 
believe your April 3d attempt to revoke Title 1(a) funding from 
states unless a signed--unless they sign a certification of 
compliance with your political viewpoint was consistent with 
giving states more control over education?
    Secretary McMahon. There has been no reduction in funding 
for Title 1(a).
    Ms. Lee. As of now? There has not been yet, but again----
    Secretary McMahon. It is not in going forward in the 
budget.
    Ms. Lee. You believe that that is--OK. Yes or no, is Title 
1(a) funding actually secure for every school district and 
State that currently receives it, or is your goal to make Title 
1(a) conditional on states refusing to provide students of 
color, LGBTQA students, students with disabilities, or other 
marginalized students opportunities to participate in diverse, 
inclusive, equitable and accessible learning environments?
    Secretary McMahon. No. That is what I answered. 1(a) 
funding is intact.
    Ms. Lee. Okay. Let us talk about so-called illegal DEI, as 
you all have called it, a phrase you have continually bring up 
that I am still unclear on, especially after three Federal 
Judges have preliminarily ruled that your illegal DEI guidance 
is likely unconstitutional unenforceable, illegal as it were.
    Secretary McMahon, during your confirmation hearing you 
were asked by Senator Chris Murphy, if an African-American 
history class violated the administration's position on 
diversity, equity and inclusion. You said you will have to look 
into it. You have been on the job for a few minutes, months 
now, have you been able to look into it?
    Secretary McMahon. I do not think that African studies, or 
Middle East studies, or Chinese studies are part of DEI if they 
are taught as part of the total history package. That if you 
are giving the facts on both sides, of course they are not DEI.
    Ms. Lee. I do not know what both sides of African American 
history would be.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, if African American history is 
part of history----
    Ms. Lee. Certainly. What we recognize throughout education 
is that a course is only 1 year or one semester. It would be 
impossible to teach African history and say European history at 
the same time. Do you not agree that it makes sense that there 
would be separate courses for these courses of study, and has 
happened throughout history?
    We are able to do it, not just in history courses, we are 
able to do it with different types of literature courses, or 
different types of music courses. One would mot learn about 
baroque music and necessarily have to also learn about African 
drumming at the same time, right? We can separate those 
courses.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, we can, and I think just as we 
teach U.S. history as a separate course.
    Ms. Lee. Certainly. You do not agree. You do agree that 
African American culture and African history should not be 
eliminated from courses, particularly AP African history?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think that African history can 
certainly be taught, and not be considered a DEI course.
    Ms. Lee. Oh, thank you. I have a few other examples that I 
would like your thoughts on, a simple yes or no. If this is 
illegal DEI, an example, would say that it would be an illegal 
DEI for a lesson plan on the Tulsa Race Massacre?
    Secretary McMahon. I would have to get back to you on that.
    Ms. Lee. Do you know what the Tulsa Race Massacre is?
    Secretary McMahon. I would like to look into it more and 
get back to you on it.
    Ms. Lee. Okay. I look forward to that. How about the book, 
Through my Eyes, by Ruby Bridges, for instance?
    Secretary McMahon. I have not read that.
    Ms. Lee. Have you learned about Ruby Bridges?
    Secretary McMahon. If you have specific examples you would 
like to supply----
    Ms. Lee. That was a specific example.
    Secretary McMahon
    [continuing]. I will be very happy.
    Ms. Lee. It was an incredibly specific example.
    Secretary McMahon. You can submit it with your questions, 
and I will look into it and get back to you on them.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you. How about a school having a voluntary 
celebration for Pride Month?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think that----
    Ms. Lee. Voluntary.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, let us make sure that in our 
schools----
    Ms. Lee. This is yes or no.
    Secretary McMahon. No, it is not.
    Ms. Lee. Okay. How about social studies standards that 
teach that President Biden won the 2020 election?
    Secretary McMahon. I think our studies should all be taught 
accurately.
    Ms. Lee. Yes or no?
    Secretary McMahon. I think our studies should be all taught 
accurately.
    Ms. Lee. No, no, no. The question was do you believe that 
social studies standards that teach that President Biden won 
the 2020 election is an illegal DEI, yes or no?
    Secretary McMahon. I think I have said we should teach 
accurately. We should----
    Ms. Lee. No, you have not answered the question. I do not 
understand why you are incapable of answering----
    Secretary McMahon. I am just not giving you the answer you 
want.
    Ms. Lee. No. I want the answer, whatever your answer is.
    Secretary McMahon. I just gave you the answer.
    Ms. Lee. No. The answer is yes or no.
    Secretary McMahon. No. The answer is I think our studies 
should be taught accurately.
    Ms. Lee. Thank you so much, I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady's time has expired. I now 
recognize the gentlelady from Michigan, Ms. McClain.
    Mrs. McClain. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, Madam 
Secretary for being here, and thank you so much for your 
leadership in our joint efforts to downsize the Department of 
Education. Like you and the President, I believe education 
policy is best determined by states and local communities, 
along with parents.
    Obviously, the closer you are to the students, the more 
interactive and the more hands-on experience you really have. 
We have this to deliver the best outcomes for the students. I 
think that is our goal is to make sure we are delivering the 
best outcomes to the students.
    To that aim, we have seen states, teachers unions, and 
others bulldoze parents' rights in a pursuit of indoctrination 
over education. I think that is what you were alluding to 
earlier is we will teach any subject, as long as we can correct 
the truth with the other half of the truth, and we can teach 
both sides, which seems what education used to be.
    We used to teach, and I am wondering if you agree with me 
on this, we used to teach children how to think, as opposed to 
what to think. Would that be an accurate assessment?
    Secretary McMahon. I think we do need to get back to 
teaching children more how to think.
    Mrs. McClain. Amen. As we return power to local 
communities, how, I am trying to figure out, how can the 
Federal Government fulfill its role in protecting students' and 
the parents' rights? How do you see the Federal Government, and 
how can we help ensure that we're protecting students, and the 
people that get lost sometimes, the parents? How do we do that?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, certainly returning education back 
to the states, back to more local control, but really what that 
means and what the President has said to me is that he would 
like to take the bureaucracy out of education. You know, the 
Department of Education does not establish curriculum in a 
State, it does not hire teachers, it does not say what books to 
buy.
    It does not do any of those things. It is a great pass 
through of funding that is appropriated by Congress through 
Title 1, IDEA, both of those are staying totally intact, but 
there are competitive grants that are then reviewed by the 
Department of Education, and so those competitive grants do go 
to states.
    What we want to do is to make more money available to go 
directly to the states. When you consider the fact that of 
every dollar that goes to a State, a teacher is spending about 
47 cents of that dollar in regulatory compliance. If we can get 
rid of a lot of the red tape that goes along with those grains 
and those requirements, then there is more money for the states 
to put forth the programs that they would like to put forth.
    That is clearly one of the President's goals.
    Mrs. McClain. I do not want to put words in your mouth, but 
I want to make sure that I understand you correctly. What you 
are saying is that if we took that dollar that right now is 
earmarked, and 47 cents of that dollar is going for compliance 
issues, regulatory issues, right, you are saying we would 
actually have more of that dollar to give to the actual 
student?
    Secretary McMahon. Certainly the goal.
    Mrs. McClain. Wow. What a concept. Who could not be for 
that? I just do not understand. If our goal is truly to educate 
the student, who would not be for giving more money to the 
student?
    Secretary McMahon. Not only giving more money to the 
students, but to make sure that parental rights are protected, 
that parents have more say so in the curriculum that their 
students are being taught, that they understand what is going 
on in the classroom.
    I urge parents to take a more active role in their 
students' education. I think that teaching is one of the most 
noble professions in our country, but they do need support. 
They need support at home, and I think parents can, and many 
parents are so involved, but I urge parents to become more 
involved in school board elections, and you know, just 
attending those meetings that impact their children.
    Mrs. McClain. It is actually a good thing when parents show 
up at school board meetings, and it is really a good thing when 
parents are involved. They are not terrorists, or what not, 
that is a good thing. We actually want parents involved in the 
student's education.
    Secretary McMahon. Absolutely.
    Mrs. McClain. To that end, I know parents have the right to 
opt out of specific lesson plans for their child if it goes 
against their specific religious belief or what not, but I 
believe at times it is difficult for the parent to get that 
done. What do you see moving forward to make it easier for 
parents to opt their child out of something that they do not 
want them involved in? How do you see that happening?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, there again, that is really part 
of the local education system, and the Department of Education 
does not have jurisdiction or control over that. I would just 
urge parents, though, independently to continue to approach 
their school boards, their individual schools, the teachers, 
and the superintendents to make their voices heard.
    Mrs. McClain. With that my time has expired. Thank you all 
for all of your work to getting actual more dollars to where it 
should go to the actual students, so thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. Now I recognize the gentleman from 
California, Mr. DeSaulnier.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I would like to 
ask unanimous consent to enter into the record a statement from 
the National Disability Rights Network, discussing how the 
Department of Education's proposed budget cuts would eliminate 
critical programs that provide advocacy service to individuals 
with disabilities.
    Chairman Walberg. Without objection.
    [The information of Rep. DeSaulnier follows:]
    
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] 
    

    Mr. DeSaulnier. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Madam Secretary, 
thank you for being here today. I am particularly interested in 
your comments and your background as a person who comes from 
the private sector business, about how you create efficiencies.
    To one person's bureaucracy, another one is a good valued 
employee, whether it is the public or private sector. I want to 
start by reading a quote from a Federal Judge who stopped the 
closure of the Department of Education, the lay-offs. Judge 
John said that in regards to the lay-offs of this scale, ``Will 
likely cripple the Department. The idea that the Defendant's 
actions are merely a reorganization is plainly not true.''
    She goes on to say, ``A Department without enough employees 
to perform statutory mandated functions, is not a Department at 
all. This Court cannot be asked to cover its eyes while the 
Department's employees are continuously fired, and units are 
transferred out until the Department becomes a shell of 
itself.''
    This is in the context of you are eliminating staff, 
bureaucrats, I think to your words. The Judge clearly disagreed 
with you. In the context of special education, where we have 
seen students, a number of special education students in the 
last 10 years double.
    I do not know if you have ever sat down with a parent or a 
special ed educator and tried to work with them, and see what 
they have to go through to get the services that they are 
statutorily allowed to do, signed by President Gerald Ford, the 
IDEA Program. Have you ever done that? Have you met with 
special ed kids and their parents?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I have, and I was very involved in 
Special Olympics for a good time, and started that program in 
my prior profession, and was astounded at all of the programs 
that we need for those students, and very heart rendering 
sometimes, the stories with those parents.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. When President Ford signed that bipartisan 
bill, the Federal Government promised in 1974, if memory serves 
me, that we would pay 40 percent of IDEA. Do you know what that 
number is now and historically has been?
    Secretary McMahon. I believe that Congress has appropriated 
no more than about 18 percent at this particular point for that 
program.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. 18 percent at a high end, it is more like 
10 to 12 percent.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes. I think in 2025 it was--I am just 
checking my numbers now. It was about 10.7 percent.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Help me understand. We are going to cut 
thousands of people who helped provide these services, but do 
not get paid enough, and there not enough of them. We give more 
control to local government, but how do they have control when 
they never get the resources that they needed?
    I have had superintendents tell me that we have put more 
money into schools in California over the years. They could 
take all of that money and put it into a special education. It 
still would not be enough to make up for the lack of investment 
from the Federal Government based on a bill that was signed by 
a Republican President.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, but that is not from the 
Department of Education. That is the appropriation coming from 
Congress, so I think that is up to you, sir.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Where does that money go to in the 
Department of Education is a key part of giving them the best 
practices, so they can understand how to serve the people at 
the local level. It is fine to say we were going to give it 
back to local control, which I completely agree with.
    It is fine to say it is going to go back to the states, but 
they have to have the resources under a Federal statute, to 
perform the requirements under the Federal statute, which I 
assume, given your background, and working with special ed 
kids, you want them to get that. We know we all benefit from 
having special ed kids get the support.
    Specifically, does the Department intend in eliminating, 
you talked about parent involvement, the parent--the 
congressionally mandated parent training and information 
centers, are you going to continue to support those, and who is 
going to support those?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, sir, as I said, the IDEA funding 
is level funded. There have been no cuts in that. It is going 
directly, as it has before, so without changes from us.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. You know, having run businesses, I think we 
are just having a communication problem. How can you say your 
level of funding, but you are cutting staff and sending it back 
to local government without the funding. Seems like a 
contradiction to me with all due respect, Madam Secretary.
    Secretary McMahon. I do not know what you mean. I do not 
know what you mean by I am cutting staff relative to states, 
and how they are handling IDEA funding, and how they are taking 
those dollars into their schools. The staff that we have cut, 
you know, at Department of Education, let me just reiterate 
what I said before, we are totally in compliance with all of 
our statutory obligations.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Oh, I am told I have extra time because 
they messed up a clock. I am sure it is a plot, Mr. Chairman, 
but I would love to continue the conversation. We clearly do 
not understand one another, and maybe I am responsible for part 
of that. I do not understand as a former business owner, how 
you can eliminate the Department of Education, or attempt to, 
the Judge says you are not. You cannot do that. By the way, are 
you going to comply with what the Judge has ordered?
    Secretary McMahon. I will, but let me remind you that IDEA 
was in existence before the Department of Education. I believe 
it started in 1965.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Right.
    Secretary McMahon. As distributed to the states, and I 
think it would continue to be distributed if there was no 
Department of Education.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. I would respectfully disagree. You have to 
have people with expertise in order to implement the law. I 
know, at least in the case that I have spent a lot of time with 
special ed kids and their families, they rely on the best 
practices supplied at a national level, so that they could 
perform at a local level. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Secretary McMahon. They came from somewhere before the 
Department of Education, so those people are----
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Ma'am, that is the reason we started the 
program is because they were suffering and failing.
    Chairman Walberg. I think now the gentleman's time has 
finally expired. We have got it back on track, so.
    Mr. DeSaulnier. Thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. Now I yield to the 
gentleman from Georgia, Mr. Allen.
    Mr. Allen. Thank you, Madam Secretary, for your work on 
behalf of all the parents and children of this country. I have 
been very impressed with our work. You know, during my time in 
Congress I have been a staunch advocate for school choice. 
Every child and every family is unique in their own way, and 
when it comes to learning it is no different.
    In fact, in every public school that my children have 
attended, my wife and I have gotten very involved in that 
process, and it makes a difference with the parents getting 
involved. We see an explosion of interest in school choice, and 
as I am sure you know, even in the last few months states, 
Tennessee, South Carolina, Idaho, Wyoming, and Texas are 
considering implementing school choice legislation.
    However, all these success stories, many states refuse to 
even consider school choice. Many states seem insistent on 
tracking kids in failing schools. In a country where school 
choice has already been implemented in many areas with great 
success, including the 12th District of Georgia, why do so many 
states refuse to even consider choice?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think you would have to ask the 
Governors and the superintendents of education in those 
particular states. That clearly is a State function.
    Mr. Allen. Important question, is it not?
    Secretary McMahon. A very important question.
    Mr. Allen. Yes. They should answer for this.
    Secretary McMahon. I can tell you, though, what we are 
starting to see, and why you see more states now looking at 
school choice options is because our education system, right 
now, is failing our students.
    Mr. Allen. Yes. Well, we are spending the most money on 
getting, you know, 30th in the world, I mean.
    Secretary McMahon. I think Governors who are being 
innovative on their own are looking at different programs in 
their states.
    Mr. Allen. Right.
    Secretary McMahon. They are seeing the success rates 
returning to classical education in some states where the 
science of reading has been so incredibly successful, like the 
Miracle of Mississippi that we've looked at. On the recent NAEP 
scores for the State of Louisiana, we have seen that they have 
had the greatest improvement in their scores relative to 
others.
    Now there is a competitive factor going on among the 
states.
    Mr. Allen. Right.
    Secretary McMahon. Those who are recognizing what has 
worked are starting to look at it and adopt it and say maybe we 
ought to take another look at this.
    Mr. Allen. Exactly. If you are going to compete in economic 
development and business growth and job growth in this country, 
you have got to have a workforce, an educated workforce.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, you do.
    Mr. Allen. It is more important than ever because the 
workforce today is very technical, and has to have a degree of 
education to deal with all of the digital aspects of production 
and everything else. As getting on to higher education, the 
cost of college continues to rise. It is imperative that 
students graduating from high school know that there are many 
paths to a career, and not every career requires multiple 
degrees.
    Having built a small business, I have experienced firsthand 
how hard it is to find skilled and qualified workers. We have 
got to bridge that gap, and I was proud to vote for the One Big 
Beautiful Bill, which included two big Pell policies. First, 
the bill reinvested billions to close the current Pell 
shortfall.
    Second, it opened up Pell to high-quality short-term 
programs. Can you talk more about why this administration 
supports short term Pell, and what such a program would do for 
our workforce?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, just not everyone can afford even 
the 2-year community college, so short term Pell grants, which 
are 8 to 14 weeks, I believe, or 8 to 15 weeks, provide those 
opportunities to learn and gain a skill and get into the 
workforce much faster. It is good for employees. It is good for 
employers to get them into the economy faster.
    So, the short term workforce Pell grant, I am a strong 
supporter of.
    Mr. Allen. Great. What changes, if any, do you believe need 
to be made to Perkins' reauthorization to improve outcomes for 
students?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I just think that we have to, we 
have to have better alignment, you know, with Perkins programs, 
you know, with what our workforce innovation programs are. I 
just don't think they are aligned enough, and we are holding 
them accountable enough for those, and I think we can close 
that gap because it is very worthwhile.
    Mr. Allen. All right. Good. Well, I am all with you on the 
competition among states. States compete for economic 
development, and states are paying closer attention to 
workforce development because it is critical, as far as 
economic development, and thank you for your service to this 
country.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you, sir.
    Mr. Allen. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I now recognize a 
new member of the Committee for first round of questioning on 
this Committee, Representative Ansari.
    Ms. Ansari. Thank you so much for being here, Secretary 
McMahon. I agree that for many students in America, our 
education system is absolutely failing them. This is especially 
true for low-income families, and for folks in rural 
communities. That is not because of too much Federal oversight, 
or the DEI policies, like your administration claims.
    It is because in many states, like the State I represent in 
Arizona, we have woefully underfunded our public education 
system. Now, your administration wants to dismantle the 
Department of Education. I am wondering if you can respond 
briefly. Do you believe there is a constitutional or 
operational path to eliminating the Department of Education, 
and if so, what is the timeline and process?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, certainly. In fact, when President 
Trump issued his executive order, his executive order indicated 
for me to start dismantling the Department of Education 
lawfully. We both know, as does everyone in this room, that the 
Department of Education cannot be dismantled without the 
approval of Congress.
    That would be the path we would have to take, and I said in 
my confirmation hearing that I wanted to work with Congress, so 
that we could arrive at a good plan to show how what the 
Department of Education is doing could be handled with other 
agencies, and that we could see improvements for education 
throughout the country.
    Ms. Ansari. What risk did you weigh for public schools and 
universities if Federal education funding is gutted or devolved 
to the states?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, Federal education would not 
necessarily be gutted. I believe there would be more money to 
go to the states without the bureaucracy of the Department of 
Education. When you think about, you know, how many people 
there are at the Department, and some of those services can be 
handled by other agencies, there would be less money taken out 
of the overall budget, more money to be available to go to the 
states.
    Ms. Ansari. Here is the thing, Madam Secretary, and why I 
strongly believe that you are wrong. One big risk I see right 
off the bat is that some states, again the State I represent, 
Arizona, have an abysmal track record of managing education. 
Last year Arizona was dead last in a national list of the best 
states for public education. We have some of the lowest teacher 
salaries, low test scores, and the highest student to teacher 
ratio in the country.
    After years of cutting funding for public education, 
Republicans in Arizona have tried to fix our education system 
with universal school vouchers. Secretary McMahon, do you 
support expanding school choice vouchers nationwide?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, one thing I would like to bring to 
your attention----
    Ms. Ansari. This is a yes or no.
    Secretary McMahon. Which you may already know, is that the 
Federal Government only provides about 8 to 10 percent of the 
total education budget to states, so these are----
    Ms. Ansari. Do you support expanding--it is a yes or no 
question.
    Secretary McMahon. No, it is not. These are policies that 
are established by the states.
    Ms. Ansari. Okay. I reclaim my time. Secretary, thank you.
    Secretary McMahon. I think that the states should adjust 
and provide their own education philosophy.
    Ms. Ansari. When it comes to vouchers, would you say that 
you support taxpayers subsidizing wealthy students' tuition at 
expensive, private schools?
    Secretary McMahon. I think that again, these are issues 
within the states, you know, to look at.
    Ms. Ansari. It is a yes or no.
    Secretary McMahon. No, this is school choice.
    Ms. Ansari. Do you support the subsidizing for wealthy 
students?
    Secretary McMahon. There are issues within states that they 
should look at.
    Ms. Ansari. Okay. That sounds like a yes. Do you support 
those vouchers being used for things like expensive ski trips, 
$1,000 Lego sets, or pianos for individual families?
    Secretary McMahon. Of course not.
    Ms. Ansari. I heard my colleague from the other side of the 
aisle just previously talking about how wonderful vouchers are, 
and I just want to share a couple articles, and I am sure you 
all cannot see from here, but these are all from the last 
couple of years in Arizona, it is titled ``Parents of Private 
Voucher Students Spent Over 1 Million Dollars of Public Money 
Buying Lego sets.''
    Another one, ``Arizona Empowerment Scholarships: What $304 
Million Bought.'' It ranges from tuition to trampoline parks. A 
lot of waste, fraud and abuse happening. Another-- ``Analysis: 
More Than Half of ESA Students Come From High-Income Zip 
Codes.'' In Arizona, Secretary, this is exactly what is 
happening.
    77 percent of those vouchers have gone to students in the 
wealthiest zip codes to fund their expensive private schools 
and luxury items, all while defunding public schools that the 
rest of our students attend. Does it sound to you like 
Arizona's voucher program is improving our education system?
    Secretary McMahon. It sounds like you have got an issue in 
Arizona that you should address with your Governor, and----
    Ms. Ansari. No, it is actually our State Legislature that 
is ballooning the State voucher system.
    Secretary McMahon. Then do it with your State Legislature 
and all of that. That is a State issue. It is a State issue.
    Ms. Ansari. In Arizona, the issue has been a disaster, and 
this is exactly why a Federal Department of Education is so 
vital. School vouchers have decimated our budget by one billion 
dollars, again Republican controlled State Legislature for I 
think 60 some years, costing taxpayers way more than simply 
raising school funding would have.
    You have a clear test case in Arizona, which has failed 
miserably. I am not sure why we would want to subject the rest 
of the country to the same problems.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady's time has expired, yields 
back, and I recognize the gentlewoman from Illinois, Ms. 
Miller.
    Mrs. Miller. Well, good morning, Secretary McMahon, and 
thank you for the great work that you and President Trump are 
doing to reform the Department of Education. The last 4 years 
under the Biden administration have been a disaster for the 
public education system, for parental rights, and for student 
safety. The most racist thing that is been going on in our 
country has been the unanimous support of the Democrats and the 
teachers union to force inner city children, black and brown 
children, into failing schools while denying their parents the 
opportunity to seek alternative options.
    Children as young as kindergarten have been subjected to 
drag queen story hours, and pro LGBTQIA2S+ curriculums. 
Shockingly, the Department of Education had the audacity to 
call parents domestic terrorists, and proceeded to investigate 
and intimidate them into submission. Scott Smith was arrested 
by the Department of Education.
    Secretary McMahon. State Department of Education.
    Mrs. Miller. The Biden Department of Education.
    Secretary McMahon. The Biden Department.
    Mrs. Miller. Yes. Scott Smith was arrested at a Loudin 
County school board meeting over voicing his outrage that his 
15-year-old daughter was raped by a boy dressed as a girl in a 
public school bathroom, and then the school sought to cover it 
up.
    Now, after being soundly defeated last November, Democrats 
and states like Maine, California, and my home State of 
Illinois, continue to defy Federal law by forcing our girls to 
compete against biological men, and change with them in locker 
rooms.
    Thankfully, President Trump and yourself are taking action 
to stop this madness, and are striving toward the ultimate goal 
of returning education to the states and to the parents where 
it belongs.
    Madam Secretary, thank you for your recent response to my 
letters addressing Title IX violations in Dearborn, and 
Naperville, Illinois. Could you please elaborate on what the 
Department of Education is doing to investigate similar 
violations in other school districts, and whether their Federal 
funding will be rescinded for failing to comply with Federal 
law?
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you very much. We are indeed 
investigating. There are many cases that come up under Title 
IX. I mean, I was informed, I think it was yesterday that in 
Colorado there was a, you know, as part of the public school 
system on schools trips, that there were boys sleeping perhaps 
in beds. Boys--I am sorry, boys who were identifying as girls, 
sleeping in the same bed with girls on these class trips, and 
parents were not even notified.
    I just think that that is incredibly wrong. That is a Title 
IX violation that we will be investigating. There was, you 
know, I think there is in Wyoming a college, you know, that had 
again, boys joining girls' sororities. Again, Title IX 
violations. We are going to investigate them, and we will look 
at whatever options, you know, that we have available, whether 
it is defunding some of those programs, so yes.
    Mrs. Miller. Thank you. Thank you for fighting hard for 
school choice. I actually--home schooling is very near and dear 
to me. I actually--I am a teacher, and I ended up home 
educating my seven children, most of them have chosen to do the 
same.
    As parent's saw the filth being taught to their children 
during the COVID-19 lockdowns, many began home schooling. 
Recently, Democrat run states, like Illinois, are seeking to 
significantly limit the right of parents to home educate their 
children. What can the Department of Education do to ensure 
that this fundamental right is protected?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, that is clearly one of the things 
that President Trump just talked about, and what I have 
addressed earlier, you know, in my testimony today, and that is 
that the President absolutely does believe that all children 
should have a right, you know, to an excellent education.
    They should have that choice, and that that choice should 
be supported whether it is home schooling, private schools, 
public schools, charter schools, all of those should receive, 
you know, their funding, and that states should look at the 
choice options.
    Mrs. Miller. Thank you. Competition makes everything 
better. As I mentioned earlier, the Biden administration 
launched an assault on parental rights in education. Aside from 
curriculums, according to Parents Defending Education, at least 
20,000 schools in 1,100 districts, have policies that prevent 
faculty and staff from disclosing a student's gender identity 
to his parents without the student's permission. What is the 
Department of Education doing to hold these schools 
accountable?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, if I am not incorrect, that falls 
under you know, FERPA, which clearly is the statute that says 
that parents have the right to the information that is 
contained in their children's records, and I absolutely believe 
that to be true.
    Mrs. Miller. Thank you, and I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady.
    Ms. Ansari. Mr. Chair, could I ask unanimous consent to 
enter three articles into the record?
    Chairman Walberg. Without objection.
    Ms. Ansari. Okay. First, ``Parents of Private Voucher 
Students Spent Over 1 Million Dollars of Public Money Buying 
Lego sets.''
    [The information of Rep. Ansari follows:]
    
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]  
 

    Ms. Ansari. Two, ``Arizona Empowerment Scholarships What 
304 Million Dollars Bought.''
    [The information of Rep. Ansari follows:]
    
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT] 
    

    Ms. Ansari. Three, ``Analysis, More Than Half of ESA 
Students Come from High Income Zip Codes.'' Thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. Without objection, they are submitted.
    [The information of Rep. Ansari follows:]
    
    [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]  
    

    Chairman Walberg. I now recognize the gentleman from New 
York, Mr. Mannion.
    Mr. Mannion. Thank you, Mr. Chair, and thank you, Secretary 
McMahon. Today's hearing is an important one. Since the start 
of the administration, students, families and educators across 
the country have been incredibly concerned about the direction 
that you and the President are attempting to take, both in K-12 
and higher education, and your attempts to weaken or close the 
Department of Education are acts of recklessness, and have 
already done significant damage.
    There is a lot I would like to ask about, but in your 
Fiscal Year 26 budget request, I want to discuss programs 
serving students with disabilities. Your budget recommends 
consolidating seven programs under the IDEA into a single block 
grant to states. You are specifically talking about eliminating 
special education programs for preschools, teacher preparation, 
parent information centers, technical assistance, and 
educational technology.
    I was a teacher of AP Biology and Chemistry, and a 15 to 1 
living environment. I am also the parent of a student with a 
disability. I acknowledge that you intend to maintain the 
overall funding level for IDEA, under this consolidated grant. 
Structure matters. These programs were created independently 
for a very good reason, to ensure proper oversight, to serve 
different populations, and to meet the full range of needs for 
students with disabilities.
    Madam Secretary, how can you assure us that states will 
maintain sufficient support for all of these critical areas, 
like preschool, special education, and parental assistance if 
the Federal Government no longer requires them to do so under 
separate, targeted programs?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think funding under the grants 
to states program would continue to be allocated to the states 
and LEAs, in accordance with Section 611, so that will remain. 
What we found is that we have so many of these different 
diverse programs, and if there were like--I think there are six 
of them in total, that would come under a block grant, and 
states would have greater flexibility in terms of making sure 
that IDEA funding went to where it should be.
    You know, the whole--I am sure you know probably better 
than anyone, or as well as anyone, that the process of writing 
grants, the people you have to hire, the strings that are 
attached. You know, when individual grants, you know, do come 
in, is really burdensome and expensive.
    The hope is, and the goal is that by giving this in terms 
of the one grant bucket, if you will that there are strings 
attached and it affords greater flexibility for states to put 
that money where it is needed.
    Mr. Mannion. If a school district does not follow the 
proper mechanisms for administering that grant for the students 
to receive the individualized services that they need, is there 
any specific accountability measures that will occur coming out 
of the Department of Education, or any other Federal Government 
agency?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, there is always the opportunity of 
defunding, but we do not want to take too many tools off the 
table. I would like if there is a specific question, I would 
always want to look into that, and to find out exactly--well, 
we would always investigate. If there are reports that this is 
not being spent the way it is supposed to, we would always 
investigate.
    Mr. Mannion. There has been a lot of discussion and 
questions regarding parental access and parental input. I was 
in a classroom for almost 30 years, and over the course of 
those 30 years what I saw was the implementation of emails, 
online grades being able to be accessed by parents, shared 
decisionmaking committees, and increase in the number of parent 
teacher conferences and meet the teacher nights.
    The ability for students to audiotape or videotape lessons, 
and teachers themselves, providing curriculum online, and 
posting their lessons sometimes a video recording of their 
lessons online. Is it your opinion that over the course of 
those 30 years that parents have less access to information 
about their students' education?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, truly, you have made the case for 
innovative teaching, and I think that is what we should, 
through our regulations, allow teachers to do and that is 
teach. Let us take the handcuffs and the red tape of compliance 
with regulations off them, and let them do what they want to 
do. We will see better results with children.
    Mr. Mannion. Thank you. Should a parent have the ability to 
opt their child out of a unit on evolution?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes.
    Mr. Mannion. Should a school district be able to eliminate 
evolution from a biology curriculum?
    Secretary McMahon. I think that parents should have, under 
parental rights, I think parents look at curriculum in terms of 
maybe their own ideals, maybe their own religious backgrounds, 
and have the opportunity to opt out of a particular course.
    Mr. Mannion. Thank you, Madam Secretary. Thank you, Mr. 
Chair.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I now recognize 
the Subcommittee Chairman on Early Childhood, Elementary and 
Secondary Education, the gentleman from California, Mr. Kiley.
    Mr. Kiley. Hello, Secretary McMahon. It was just 5 months 
ago that we had a Secretary of Education who was an 
enthusiastic supporter of shutting down schools during COVID, 
who was an enthusiastic supporter of forcing 2-year-olds to 
wear masks, who actually encouraged school districts, K-12 
schools to adopt COVID vaccine mandates.
    We had an administration that investigated parents as 
domestic terrorists for showing up at school board meetings, 
that attacked charter schools, that refused to condemn 
universities for caving to the demands of antisemites, that set 
out to destroy girls' sports, and that saw 200 billion dollars 
added to education spending, while student performance 
plummeted.
    Things are a little different now, are they not?
    Secretary McMahon. I certainly hope so.
    Mr. Kiley. Unfortunately, in my State of California, they 
are the same, or actually they are worse than they have ever 
been. You have already taken a number of steps to try to help 
out students in California. I did just want to highlight a 
couple other areas where the problems in our state's education 
system may fall within your jurisdiction in upholding the civil 
rights laws.
    First, is when it comes to charter schools, I know you are 
a huge supporter of charters, and I believe you support the 
bill I have introduced, the High-Quality Charter Schools Act, 
but in California the Governor and the legislature have 
declared war on charter schools.
    They are trying to stop new charters from starting. They 
are trying to shut down high performing charters. A 
particularly egregious example is in Santa Clara, the Office of 
Education told one of the highest performing public schools in 
the State, Bullis Charter School, that unless you engage in 
outright racial discrimination, we are going to non-renew your 
charter unless you have fewer Asian students.
    We are going to non-renew your charter. Then there was 
something similar that happened in Oakland Unified, where a 
charter school actually was non-renewed for similar reasons. 
That is charter schools. The second issue is ethnic studies. 
The State has seen fit to adopt a new ethnic studies graduation 
requirement for high school, but some districts have gone above 
and beyond and are already offering what has being called a 
liberated ethnic studies.
    Now, both the model curriculum, and these more specific 
liberated ethnic studies curriculums have been condemned as 
being overtly antisemitic. We saw an example of this actually 
in the last Congress when the superintendent of Berkeley 
Unified testified here that she thought a slide showing that 
students, the expression ``From the River to the Sea,'' is a 
valid perspective. She saw no problem with that.
    I know that you may not want to comment on particular 
investigations that may or may not be under consideration, but 
do you see these as areas in which you might be able to help us 
out? Either one of them?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, a lot of that definitely still 
does fall within the local or State jurisdiction for schools. I 
think in terms of universities, you have already seen how the 
Department of Education will come in, you know, for Title VI 
violations, and so we will continue to do that.
    Mr. Kiley. Well, thank you very much. I did want to say 
just a word about the situation at universities as well. Now, I 
have zero sympathy for Harvard. They were rated as having the 
very worst protections for free speech of any university in the 
country, actually any university in the history of the survey.
    Then when it came to antisemitism, I think it is actually 
underappreciated, the horrors that happened on that campus. We 
have heard from Jewish students at that university here who 
have testified how they were afraid to leave their dorms, how 
if they did they were harassed, they were physically assaulted.
    You had pro-Hamas thugs who would follow them to class and 
monitor their movements. All the while the university failed to 
protect them, instead catering to the demands of their 
tormentors. I have very little sympathy for the university, and 
I think when they say, oh, we have changed some things, or we 
did a task force, clearly inadequate.
    What happened on that campus reviving one of the most, 
perhaps, retrograde in ancient prejudice in world history, and 
becoming a hot bed for it on their campus, that reflects a 
fundamental sickness that requires fundamental reform. I think 
that what the administration is doing is absolutely necessary.
    The one point I would just raise is I wonder a little bit 
what the end game is here. You now, our universities have had a 
lot of problems in recent years and decades, they cost too 
much, they deliver too little value to students, and they have 
incubated a lot of the problems we have more broadly as a 
country, but throughout our history they have actually been 
huge national assets.
    You know, it is a great thing for our country that we have 
had universities that lead the world, and the best and 
brightest from all around the world want to study at, and then 
contribute to our country.
    The word of caution I might just add is that when it comes 
to the ultimate goal here, I hope that the goal is not to 
reduce these institutions to a shadow of their former selves, 
but rather to revive the ideals that used to guide 
universities, and to restore them to being national assets 
again, rather than the liabilities that they have become.
    I would be very happy to help in any way that I can with 
that goal.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you very much, and I would like to 
work with you on that.
    Mr. Kiley. Thanks very much. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman, and I recognize 
the gentlelady from Connecticut, Ms. Hayes.
    Mrs. Hayes. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and Secretary, welcome 
to our Committee. It is interesting, I took a lot of notes. I 
had prepared questions, but I think I am going in a very 
different direction. We have heard other colleagues talk about 
the NAEP scores, and I heard you say that the President was 
angered and embarrassed by these.
    I think we all should be, but when you disaggregate those 
scores, they clearly show that low-income students score 
significantly lower than their white and higher-income peers, 
and that is mostly in part to ongoing disparities in 
educational access and quality, which makes much of what I am 
hearing today that much more relevant.
    You mentioned Connecticut. We both come from the State of 
Connecticut. Connecticut relies on property taxes to fund 
education. We have one of the largest income gaps in the 
Nation, which means by design or default, low-income students 
face multiple challenges, including limited access to resources 
and opportunities outside of schools.
    Which is why I do not understand many of the decisions made 
in this budget. One of my colleagues asked about collecting 
data on family composition and background. The Department of 
Education Office of Civil Rights is mandated by law to do that.
    I was pleased to hear you say that states do not--I mean 
the Federal, the Department of Education does not control 
curriculum, instruction, instruction materials, the teachers 
that are hired, which makes your words contradictory because 
every argument you have is to put local control back into the 
states.
    States already have local control, as anyone who has any 
knowledge or background of education would already know. The 
role of the Department of Education would be the civil rights 
enforcements of those local controls, which again, the irony of 
this budget zeroing out American history and civic education 
programs, when you could not even answer a question about Ruby 
Bridges or the election of President Biden, which are as basic 
as it gets.
    I really, really do not understand it. You are making the 
argument for me because when you respond to questions from my 
colleagues by saying that sounds like an issue for State 
legislatures, that is why the Office of Civil Rights is 
necessary because State legislatures made the decision that 
Ruby Bridges did not have the right to a free and appropriate, 
high-quality public education.
    You, Madam Secretary, are actually making the argument for 
the role of the Department, not to dictate local curriculum 
instruction or instructional materials, but to make sure that 
those things are carried out by the Department. I mean that 
states follow the law, that they are doing those things.
    49 million children in this country receive public 
education services, about 3 million children are in charter 
schools. There are not enough charter school slots. My 
questions are mainly focused on what about those other 46 
million children? I am going to--I mean it is mind blowing.
    I hear you talk about safety, keeping students safe on 
school campuses, but not a word about the 390,000 students who 
have been affected by gun violence. I was in the classroom on 
the day Sandy Hook happened, and the Federal Government came in 
with almost 2 million dollars to rebuild that community, and 
provide programs for the surrounding communities.
    In your opening I heard you mention student-athletes and 
LGBTQ students twice, not one word, and even when my colleague 
asked you if you thought it was a public health crisis, you 
cannot answer questions that affect the majority of students.
    I am not really sure. I mean I tried to--I am an educator 
by nature. I try to be supportive of what the Department of 
Education does because I need for you to succeed for my 
students to succeed. When you come in and say your final 
mission is to eliminate the Department, it says to me that the 
46 million children that are not receiving services do not 
matter.
    I ran out most of my time, but this bill defunds literacy 
programs, eliminates 21st Century community learning center, 
eliminates preschool grants for children with disabilities. 
Eliminates--reduces funding for career and technical education, 
like all of these things.
    I am going to ask you two really quick questions. Do you 
think that Holocaust education in our schools is a DEI program? 
There is no card for that, that is just yes or no.
    Secretary McMahon. I can look at whatever card I choose----
    Mrs. Hayes. Holocaust education, is it a DEI--you could 
have a press conference to say whatever you want, I just need a 
quick answer to this.
    Secretary McMahon. Your soliloquy is----
    Mrs. Hayes. This is my time, is Holocaust education a DEI 
program?
    Secretary McMahon. No.
    Mrs. Hayes. Is African American studies a DEI program?
    Secretary McMahon. I think I answered that with one of the 
other----
    Mrs. Hayes. I am asking it again. Just yes or no?
    Secretary McMahon. We should be able to teach core----
    Mrs. Hayes. My point is they are DEI programs, both of 
them, because students need diversity, equity and inclusion to 
understand their environments, so both Holocaust education and 
the teaching of African American history are important, which 
is why the State of Connecticut requires it in our social 
studies curriculum.
    You are talking out of both sides of your mouth. You cannot 
support one when without supporting the other.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady's time has expired.
    Mrs. Hayes. Looking at what happens in the schools and 
actually deferring to teachers, parents who are on curriculum 
committees, local boards of education in states who actually do 
the hard work, listening to what they say----
    Chairman Walberg. The gentlelady's time is expired. I 
appreciate the passion, but it is time to move on.
    Mrs. Hayes
    [continuing]. Would be incredibly helpful in this role. I 
yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I recognize the gentleman from Ohio, Mr. 
Rulli.
    Mr. Rulli. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Thank you, Madam 
Secretary, for coming today. We really appreciate your time. I 
spent 8 years of my life on the school board, 3 years as a 
school board President, of a public city school. I know this 
subject fairly well. I was in the Ohio Senate for 6 years, Vice 
Chair of Education.
    We all know that our school systems in this country have a 
severe problem. When you look at school systems like Cleveland, 
Youngstown, Akron, Canton, Detroit and Buffalo. We have school 
districts that are taking 30 to $35,000 per year to educate a 
child that gets a high school diploma with a fourth grade 
reading level.
    There is a major problem in our school districts. Some of 
the small school districts, like my school district, Leetonia, 
we were able to educate our kids for about 8 to $9,000 a year, 
and produce 11th or 12th grade reading level. There is a 
problem. I know the opposition party loves the concept of 
throwing more money at it, so let us do that.
    That is what President Trump just did. President Trump on a 
K-12 simplified funding program gave an extra 2 billion dollars 
to all the public school districts throughout the country. It 
even gets better than that, because the Biden-Harris 
administration spent more than a billion dollars on DEI grants 
throughout the country.
    If I am doing my math right, that is 3 and a half billion 
dollars that we could take from the Federal Government, which 
will never have a trickle down effective on the local school 
board because I was on it for 8 years. Whenever you hang out 
with the treasurer of a local public-school board, they are 
petrified to see what is going on with the Federal funding.
    Where is it going? The opposition party thinks it is so 
romantic that the money stays here in Washington, instead of 
ever going to the grassroots home rule effect. In Ohio, we love 
home rule, so I am excited to see these extra billions of 
dollars coming back to the local school districts.
    Madam Secretary, my question would be now that President 
Trump is giving back funding to the states, and more 
efficiently, what results do you expect that American students 
could produce in the next 4 years under the Trump 
administration?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, it is certainly my hope that as we 
look at states being more focused, and having the authority for 
more choice in education, that we are going to see our scores 
go up. You know, we are going to--we have to have dedicated 
teachers, which I believe we do. I think we need to take the 
handcuffs off our teachers, so that they have the ability to be 
innovative in their classrooms.
    I think if we look at some of the programs that have been 
successful in other states, as I mentioned earlier, return to 
the science of reading, and look at how phonics has made such a 
difference in getting back to some of that same kind of 
curriculum that we used to have. I have seen it work in 
schools. I visit schools where they are doing that more 
classical education.
    What I would like to see, and I hope we will see, and I 
think we will see, are State Departments of Education adopting 
more of those kinds of programs to make sure that A, we get 
literacy in place, that we also have the ability to have school 
choice, and that states totally take this funding that is 
coming to them, and see the areas of where they need to focus 
more of their dollars, and direct that spending into those 
areas.
    Mr. Rulli. I love those words. In particular, in the State 
of Ohio, our Speaker of the House, Matt Hoffman and I did a lot 
of ed choice programs in the State, and this is coming from a 
guy, I am a graduate of a public school, school board member, 8 
years of a public school, but we created a voucher program 
which helps urban kids more than anything else.
    When you have a Cleveland City school that is just falling 
to pieces, you have to give urban moms and dads the opportunity 
with a voucher program, to put your child wherever it could be, 
and what that adds is actually competition within the school 
districts.
    You know, you have open enrollment. You have all these 
different obstacles to school board members, so it is up to 
them to have a good, you know, scholastics program, have a good 
athletic program, and to be inviting to people. I know in my 
old public school that I was the President of, they started a 
trades program within the school, so maybe a 4-year degree, and 
$100,000 in debt is not what you are supposed to be, maybe 
could become a welder and make $100,000 without debt.
    We have to have different paths to get outside of the box. 
I think it is an exciting time for you being the Madam 
Secretary at this point. Do you think that we could incorporate 
all this voucher program, this ed choice, and even have better 
public schools, and all of it could come together. Am I wrong?
    Secretary McMahon. I really think we do need to focus--no, 
you are not wrong, and I do think we need to focus on making 
sure that our cultural viewpoint relative to education is not 
always that you have to have a 4-year degree because there are 
other ways to have a great fulfillment, you know, of a career, 
and provide for your families with skill based training.
    Plumbers, electricians, HVAC, not only that, but technology 
developments that we are seeing. We ought to start that more. 
Middle schools, high schools, leading into those career 
programs, and I think that is one of the things that our 
workforce development programs will show success for doing.
    Mr. Rulli. Thank you so much, Madam Secretary, and with 
that I yield my time back, Chair.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I recognize now 
the gentlelady from Michigan, Ms. Stevens.
    Ms. Stevens. Great, well thank you, Mr. Chair, and Madam 
Secretary, I realize you are in the cabinet with the President 
of the President, and you are the first candidate Secretary I 
have been able to speak with this term. If you could please 
pass along to the President, that 55 tariff announcements in 
100 days are killing us in Michigan.
    I know that the President came to Michigan to celebrate his 
first 100 days in office. I know this is outside technically 
the purview of your administration. We see hiring on hold. We 
see suppliers, small businesses, they are telling me today that 
operations are going to shut down. Certainly, we then get the 
question of unemployment and job training and apprenticeship 
programs.
    Now, the Department of Education was passed into law in a 
close vote in 1979. Four years prior to that, the House of 
Representatives signed into law the Investing in Disabilities 
Education Act, IDEA. We want to see special education fully 
funded in the United States of America.
    Michigan, just as of 2023, missed out on 700 million 
dollars in IDEA funding. I have worked so closely with my 
school districts all across my State, frankly, on the missing 
pieces of their budget from special education funding gaps.
    Can you speak to some of the changes that are going on in 
the administration, or in your very agency right now, and if 
there is an opportunity for Michigan to access more special 
education dollars?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, as I have testified to earlier, 
you know the IDEA funding is going to continue level funding 
going into the different states. Now there are six programs 
that are going to be consolidated into a single stream funding 
that I think you could apply for in those states, and help get 
the Governor, or the Superintendent of Education to direct more 
of those funds.
    Ms. Stevens. Yes, and while I do not agree with the 
reckless language of shutting down the Department of Education 
and the dismantling and the job loss, and I know some of these 
individuals in Michigan who have lost their Department of 
Education jobs, we will gladly take every special education 
dollar that you can give us.
    Then as you know, TRIO grants are grants that help low-
income, first generation college, veteran and disabled students 
who we care about so much, apply and successfully complete 
college. Several schools in Michigan use TRIO grants to support 
students. Why did the administration decide to eliminate the 
TRIO grants program, and what is happening to that money?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, TRIO grants for the funding that 
is in place now are continuing for, you know, for the balance 
of this fiscal year. They are not--they have been zeroed out in 
the next budget. What we found with TRIO, and looking at, and 
hey, I think I--and I have heard testimony, I have heard a 
couple of Senators even yesterday say that they know people 
that benefited from TRIO, and I'm sure that there are many 
people who have, but there are other programs in place that 
would also help students who are now being benefited by TRIO.
    We also found out that the TRIO programs, you know, they 
have been put through with a lot of heavy lobbying, and the 
Department of Education really does not have the ability to go 
in and assess total accountability, and that is how it's 
written.
    Ms. Stevens. Yes. Well, if that's the case too, we can look 
at expanding Pell, which many of us, you know, support. We need 
to see Pell grants expanded. We obviously want to continue to 
that discussion with you, and on the record, but with my 
remaining time, and as you are a cabinet Secretary for the 
second time in a row in the administration of President Donald 
J. Trump, please just know we are competing with China.
    We are competing on a world stage. In a place where I am so 
privileged to call home, is right in the middle of that 
competition. We need these engineering jobs. We need these 
apprenticeship programs. We certainly want to see our 
government function to the best of its ability and deliver the 
standards, and dare I say the efficiency that our taxpayers pay 
into.
    When we see tax bills that are cutting investments in 
manufacturing, new manufacturing, 40 new plants in Michigan, 
when we are fighting for all the technology talent we can get, 
we need you to double down on this. We need your partnership. 
We would like to show this to you firsthand.
    I do a program called Manufacturing Monday. I visit 
hundreds of small businesses over and over and over again. I 
have real relationships with these people, and the students who 
are in first robotics, and yes, Michigan has the largest number 
of first robotics teams, which we would also love to showcase 
to you, and your office.
    Ma'am, please, tell this President slow down on what he's 
doing to autos, our manufacturing sector, and to consumer 
costs. Thank you and I yield back Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady. I recognize the 
gentleman from Guam, Mr. Moylan.
    Mr. Moylan. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Madam Secretary, thank 
you very much for your testimony. I would like to bring your 
attention to the territories now. As you know I am from Guam. 
Like Guam, we often encounter unique challenges. We have small 
economics, and we have a geographical isolation.
    It takes me 20 hours to fly back home door to door, plus 
you change the date line. In fact, I think it is like 2:30 or 
so in the morning tomorrow in Guam, so we are way out there. We 
also have devastating natural disasters. We just went through 
super typhoons, it's like a gigantic tornado happening in some 
of the states, but it hovers over the entire island.
    Plus, we have the military buildup with the INDOPACOM 
situation. So, my question is, how does the administration plan 
to invest in American students in the outlying areas, where the 
roles and responsibilities of the Federal Government are much 
different than that in the states?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, what I would like to do if I may, 
you know, outside of the hearing, there are specific areas that 
we could talk about, and how what my position at the Education 
may be able to be helpful for you. I would welcome that 
opportunity to have a more thorough discussion with you.
    Mr. Moylan. I appreciate that, and we need to get you to 
Guam as well. That would be great. Going on to another question 
then, again, specifically on Guam. We often fail to recruit and 
retain special education specialists. I understand that is 
nationwide, but making it burdensome for our special needs 
students to attend public, and even charter schools.
    How can this administration support Guam in addressing 
these gaps?
    Secretary McMahon. Again, that really is more local use of 
funding, and not controlled by the Department of Education.
    Mr. Moylan. When we get to our meeting we will also discuss 
how often we face financial hardships in the island when it 
comes to infrastructure improvements, and academic 
competitiveness. How does this administration plan to invest 
and uplift these students? Another concern of mine for the 
islands and many of the territories.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes. Again, I look forward to our 
meeting to discuss those.
    Mr. Moylan. Okay. Let us see, okay. Just finally, another 
one of our topics of discussion, as you are aware, Guam often 
struggles with the needed infrastructure upgrades. Our storms 
and our cost of getting materials to the island is tremendous. 
Especially with our public schools, it is very costly, so how 
does the administration, another one we can discuss, plan to 
address critical issues like these, ensuring that we can make 
our educational institution in the outlying areas world class, 
like all American institutions should be?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I really do look forward to our 
meeting. I think I can address things better by having--sitting 
down and having a better understanding of your issues.
    Mr. Moylan. Okay. Likewise, when we get to our meeting, we 
talked about the shortages of medical physicians and nurses. We 
know nationwide, but even so more stressful for the 
territories. In addition, how the skinny budget has affected 
our special education funding.
    Likewise, for skilled trade workers and high skilled 
degrees and medical professions, how we can better that for our 
territories. Pretty much I am looking forward to a long 
discussion with you as soon as possible, Madam Secretary, I 
appreciate.
    Secretary McMahon. I will make myself available for that.
    Mr. Moylan. That would be wonderful, and we will get you a 
trip to Guam. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I recognize the 
gentleman from Texas, Mr. Casar.
    Mr. Casar. Secretary McMahon, thank you for joining us here 
today. Right now, the administration that you are a part of is 
pushing for a massive tax break for billionaires, paid for by 
massive cuts to healthcare and food assistance for everyday 
Americans, including to the children that you're charged with 
educating.
    You yourself, and your family as a billionaire family of 
wealth of about 3.2 billion dollars, can you share with us, do 
you know how much you and your family will receive in tax 
benefit if this Republican tax proposal gets pushed through?
    Secretary McMahon. No, I have not sat down and worked with 
my accountants on what tax. I can tell you mostly----
    Mr. Casar. Do you have a general sense that--millions, tens 
of millions?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I can tell you the answer, my 
taxes went through, I paid more.
    Mr. Casar. You think that under this proposal you will not, 
like the other billionaires, get millions, or tens of millions 
of dollars in tax benefit?
    Secretary McMahon. I think this is kind of a ridiculous 
line of questioning.
    Mr. Casar. No, it is not ridiculous because here is what's 
important. The biggest bill being pushed by your administration 
for your average extremely wealthy person would give about a 4-
million-dollar benefit. Your family is worth about 3.2 billion 
dollars, so I imagine that you would get millions of dollars in 
benefit from this tax bill. Does that make sense? Does that 
check out?
    Secretary McMahon. I do not know. I would have to let you 
know.
    Chairman Walberg. I would ask the member how this refers to 
education----
    Mr. Casar. Let us just say--Chairman, Chairman, I will 
refer to the Secretary. Okay, look, there are families watching 
at home from my district that could lose their healthcare, and 
they want to know why their healthcare would get taken away, 
and what it is paying for is overwhelmingly tax cuts for the 
wealthiest people in the country, and so, what would you spend 
the 4 million dollars on that you would get a benefit of at 
least 4 million dollars.
    Chairman Walberg. Let us get to your educational line of 
questioning.
    Mr. Casar. What would those families----
    Chairman Walberg. Within this Committee.
    Mr. Casar. What would those families who lose their 
healthcare who are watching, what would you spend the 4 million 
dollars on that is worth more than their healthcare?
    Secretary McMahon. I am not going to address the questions 
relative to me personally. I am here as the Secretary of 
Education, and I am----
    Mr. Casar. Okay, so as the Secretary of Education, do you 
think, yes or no, that kids will do better off in school if 
they have healthcare and their food needs met, yes or no?
    Secretary McMahon. We all do better, and children will do 
better in school if their health needs are met. I agree with 
that.
    Mr. Casar. Good. I guess for those kids, which there is 
going to be hundreds of thousands or millions of kids that lose 
their healthcare, how is it okay that they are going to lose 
their healthcare so that billionaires, and billionaire 
families--I am not just even picking just on you, but 
billionaire families like your own, can get a tax break.
    What, if you do not even know how many millions of dollars 
it is you get, how is that worth it?
    Secretary McMahon. I am not going to respond to your 
questions.
    Mr. Casar. I think the answer is because it is not worth 
it. It is not. If you have got 3.2 billion, or 5 billion or 10 
billion dollars----
    Secretary McMahon. You went off the premise that there is 
going to be healthcare that is going to be removed from these 
children, and I am not sure that is a correct premise, so----
    Mr. Casar. Every single organization that has looked at 
this bill knows that millions of people will lose their 
healthcare. The latest estimate is at least 11 million people 
and families because you would not get the enormous savings 
that the Republican majority on this Committee is looking for 
unless you kick those millions of people off of their 
healthcare. How can we educate our kids if they do not have a 
roof over their heads? If they cannot see a doctor? If they do 
not have food assistance?
    I will ask you, do you think it is right for kids to not 
have food to eat at home before they go to class, in order to 
make sure that a billionaire that does not even know how many 
more millions of dollars they are going to get, could just get 
a few million more?
    Secretary McMahon. I want to make sure that as the 
Secretary of the Department of Education that the President's 
plan to make school choice available to every student in our 
country is what we follow.
    Mr. Casar. The President's plan specifically takes money 
away from those kids. Specifically takes food away from those 
families. Specifically takes money and sends it to big 
contractors, big companies, and sends millions of dollars to 
billionaires like you, who do not even know how many extra 
millions of dollars they are going to get.
    Before I was a Member of Congress, I helped run an after-
school program at a high school where many of the kids were 
getting driven to school in the same car that they slept in at 
night. They did not have food. Many of them could not see a 
doctor. They struggled in class. We should be passing a bill to 
make sure that they have got a decent classroom experience, a 
roof over their head, food, and healthcare, not a bill that 
just funnels who knows, in your opinion, how many millions of 
dollars to billionaires like those in President Trump's 
cabinet. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time has expired. I now 
recognize the gentleman from Missouri, Mr. Onder.
    Mr. Onder. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Secretary McMahon so much for taking the time to come to 
testify before us today. First of all, I would like to 
apologize for the contemptable way that my Democrat colleague 
treated you.
    I just want to say parenthetically that absolutely, I am a 
physician who has taken care of Medicaid insured patients for 
over 30 years, and absolutely zero children will lose their 
healthcare under the Big Beautiful Reconciliation bill.
    I would like to discuss with you some of the damage done by 
the Biden administration to education policy in the United 
States, one of the worst policies of course was the Department 
of Education's treatment of Title IX regulation. It of course 
radically reinterpreted sex to include gender identity and 
sexual orientation, which resulted in men infiltrating women's 
sports, much to the detriment of fairness and safety in an area 
where women have made enormous progress over the years.
    Thankfully, a Federal Court vacated that regulation earlier 
this year. There was another aspect of Biden's Title IX 
regulation that was also damaging, but did not receive as much 
attention, and that is the erosion of due process during Title 
IX adjudication of misconduct on campus.
    The Biden administration uniformly lowered the evidence 
standard required for a student to be convicted of misconduct 
in such an adjudication. This is serious, and Federal Courts 
have found that some students were wrongfully disciplined or 
even expelled in that process. The Trump administration has 
worked to improve this situation, preserving the integrity of 
the process for sexual misconduct victims, and at the same time 
discouraging false accusations.
    If false accusations are tolerated, it weakens the voice of 
actual victims. I believe we need a permanent legislative 
solution to protect victims of misconduct, and those accused as 
opposed to ping-ponging back and forth with changes in 
administration.
    Unfortunately, the Biden administration was not alone in 
disrespecting the Title IX due process rights over the years. 
After a Title IX adjudication occurred, after Oberlin College 
changed its school's procedures, the Sixth Circuit of the U.S. 
Court of Appeals strongly reprimanded the college, noting that 
in this country we determine guilt or innocence individually, 
rather than collectively, based on one's identification with 
some demographic group and concluded the institution's 
expulsion of a student was arguably inexplicable.
    A similar case out of Purdue University where the 
university refused to allow the accused to see the evidence 
against him. Secretary McMahon, could you talk about the 
efforts of the Department to ensure that education and 
educational institutions know their obligations under Title IX 
to protect the due process rights of their students, as well as 
the victims of misconduct?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, certainly. I think this 
administration has shown that it is absolutely committed, you 
know, to protecting, you know, Title IX, not only with keeping 
men out of women's sports because we do know that women are 
absolutely girls, and women are absolutely put at a 
disadvantage when men are allowed to compete.
    Just simply because they can miss scholastic opportunities, 
as well as for their own personal safety.
    Mr. Onder. Right.
    Secretary McMahon. I absolutely believe that we are correct 
in enforcing those Title IX efforts, and the President has 
issued an executive order to that effect as well as the fact 
that I do believe that it is covered under Title IX. The due 
process portion at our universities, I think is very important 
that we continue to look at that to make sure as you said, that 
victims, and those who are accused are protected under due 
process.
    Mr. Onder. You know I think that is correct, and I think 
too many times these Title IX adjudications are run by folks of 
a DEI bent, and many times there can be a ``guilty until proven 
innocent'' assumptions and a lack of due process. I thank you, 
and of course, the Trump administration for your commitment to 
restoring Title IX to its original purpose, as opposed to being 
weaponized for ideological political ends.
    Thank you so much for being before us here today, Madam 
Secretary. I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I recognize now 
the gentlelady from Minnesota, Ms. Omar.
    Ms. Omar. Thank you, Chairman, and thank you, Madam 
Secretary, for being here with us. Is it fair to assume that 
you are aware that when a student borrower, a loan borrower, is 
defrauded by a school, that there is a provision in law called 
the Borrower Defense?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I am.
    Ms. Omar. Okay. It is a straightforward concept. A student 
should not be forced to repay loans to schools that lie to 
them. We know that millions of Federal grants and loans go out 
the door while students are left with education that is not 
worthy. I was actually surprised a few weeks ago when your 
Department quietly rescinded 37 million dollar fine that was 
placed against Grand Canyon University. Can you explain why 
that happened?
    Secretary McMahon. Let me see for a second. Let me review 
my notes on that because there were a couple of things I wanted 
to make sure I covered with you. We really found that the 
accusations against Grand Canyon, which is a faith-based 
organization, and we looked at all the facts of the case.
    Ms. Omar. I am familiar with the university. My question is 
how were those students going to be made whole if you are not 
allowing the university to pay the fines? What is the plan?
    Secretary McMahon. I am not sure that that is the right 
analysis of it, but I will look into it further and get back to 
you.
    Ms. Omar. You will give me back a writing?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I will.
    Ms. Omar. OK. We know that you know the President, whom you 
serve, had a fraudulent university called Trump University, and 
he himself settled three lawsuits before becoming President. We 
know that there are roughly 1.4 million borrowers who have been 
approved for a borrower defense discharge, and are still 
waiting for that process.
    How are you clearing out that backlog?
    Secretary McMahon. In terms of the borrower defense funds?
    Ms. Omar. Uh-huh.
    Secretary McMahon. There are lists of that. I will be happy 
to get back to you with those numbers.
    Ms. Omar. Okay. While those students wait, can you give us 
a commitment that you are not going to collect that debt?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I will have to get back to you on 
that as to what the situation is, and----
    Ms. Omar. I do not understand how that is a difficult 
question to say yes to. They have been defrauded. They are 
waiting for relief, while they wait for their relief they 
should not have to pay back that debt.
    Secretary McMahon. Well, if they have been defrauded, and 
it has been adjudicated that they have been defrauded, then I 
will get back to you as to what the timeframe is, and why there 
is a hold up if there is.
    Ms. Omar. Okay.
    Secretary McMahon. I am not sure as I sit here right now.
    Ms. Omar. Wonderful. There was--I know that you have been 
questioned a lot on IDEA and its funding. I will not relitigate 
those questions, I just have two particular questions to 
address, or two areas to address. We know that the IDEA that 
you have gotten rid of--the legal team that guides the states 
in implementation, how are you going to rectify that?
    Secretary McMahon. I do not know what you mean by we have 
gotten rid of the legal team. We have had some reduction in 
force of----
    Ms. Omar. It was a firing of the entire legal team.
    Secretary McMahon. We have other lawyers in place at the 
Department of Education, and we are fully----
    Ms. Omar. The entire team that was for IDEA has been fired, 
so how are you addressing that?
    Secretary McMahon. We have other lawyers who are in place 
that can handle those things. As I mentioned before, we are--
have not missed any of our statutory requirements.
    Ms. Omar. I do believe that that firing hurts the 
implementation. We also know that you have gutted the Office of 
Civil Rights, when there is already investigation backlog. How 
are you going to fix the discrimination claim cases that are 
out there?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, there are--excuse me, there are 
cases that we are looking into, and again, we have not missed 
any of our statutory requirements in terms of OCR. We also have 
a task force.
    Ms. Omar. There is a backlog.
    Secretary McMahon. There is a backlog.
    Ms. Omar. There are a lot of kids in our schools that are 
waiting for relief. When you get rid of the people that are 
supposed to carry out those investigations, how are you to 
assure that those kids will not continue to be harmed? We are 
talking about so many situations in where kids are being 
discriminated against, and you got rid of the people that 
investigate those investigations, so those kids can protect 
themselves from discrimination.
    Secretary McMahon. We still have a very strong and capable 
staff in OCR.
    Ms. Omar. Then you would not have a backlog if that was the 
case. There is a current backlog, and I would love for you to 
stop just saying words, and to actually do the work that you 
are charged by statute, and I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentlelady. I recognize now 
the gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. Thompson.
    Mr. Thompson. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Secretary McMahon, for being here today, and for your continued 
public service to our country. As you likely know, I have Co-
Chaired the bipartisan Career and Technical Education Caucus 
for more than a decade, and I am proud to be the champion for 
CTE here on the Hill, alongside my good friend, Congresswoman 
Bonamici.
    Madam Secretary, during your confirmation hearing I was 
glad to hear about your commitment to providing more 
alternative pathways to traditional 4-year degrees, leaning on 
career and technical education to help achieve that goal. As 
the author of the Strengthening Career and Technical Education 
for the 21st Century Act, signed into law by President Trump in 
2018, I am thrilled to see the growth and the success of these 
programs.
    Typically, when I visit these programs today I see waiting 
lists. I see schools actually investing in bricks and mortar to 
expand their footprint to be able to accommodate more secondary 
and postsecondary students, really working to restore rungs on 
the ladder of opportunity for so many.
    Today, a record nearly 12 and a half million students 
nationwide, a number that has continued to grow since 2018, are 
served in career and technical education programs. At the 
secondary level, students are graduating from CTE pathways, at 
an amazing 96 percent rate, far higher than the national 
average.
    High school CTE concentrators are also more likely to be 
employed full-time and have higher earnings 8 years post-
graduation than their counterparts. A great pathway to success 
in life. Madam Secretary, would you agree that CTE programs 
help incentivize workforce and skills development?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I do.
    Mr. Thompson. Yes, the reason that we obviously know this 
information is and can track the CTE success, and made positive 
reforms in 2018 was because of the data. Without good data we--
it is hard to make good decisions as Members of Congress.
    Now, I have written about this issue too before, but I am 
still concerned about the Department's decision to cancel the 
national evaluation of career and technical education under 
Perkins. Now, this 5 year evaluation was mandated by law in 
Perkins 5. It was set to be completed this year as Congress 
begins our work to reauthorize Perkins. It is time to do 
Perkins 6 here, reauthorization time.
    When you reauthorize, you want to refine. You want to 
improve. You want to maximize opportunities. We need data to do 
that. Better to educate or to legislate based on data, not 
emotion. Madam Secretary, how does the Department plan to 
ensure there is still a national level evaluation 
infrastructure in place to support evidence-based policymaking 
in CTE, while not losing the nearly 5 years-worth of data that 
is already been collected?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we are going to continue to 
collect the data that we need to collect, and we want to make 
sure that the Perkins program is--I think as Congress, we want 
to provide to you the best data that is possible. We have made 
some changes in some of the educational data collecting that we 
are doing.
    I am not sure as I sit here at this moment, if that is 
really pertinent to the Perkins data, so much as it was the 
NAEP scoring and other educational policies, and I would like 
to get back to you after I clarify that.
    Mr. Thompson. Yes, that would be great, and I look forward 
to working with you because it would cause me concern that on 
year six of collecting that data we use a different 
methodology. I mean we need consistency, right, in terms of 
data. Consistency is important in the statistical collection of 
data, so quite frankly, I look forward to working with you 
because we need to go back and finish the process the way we 
legislate it, and the way we did the first 5 years.
    I think it will set us up nicely for doing a great Perkins 
6 reauthorization. You know, additionally, the administration's 
Fiscal Year 202026 budget proposes reprioritizing CTE grants, 
so that they only support middle and high school students at 
the district level. However, under current law, states are 
explicitly granted the flexibility to decide how to best split 
their CTE resources between secondary and postsecondary 
systems, as postsecondary CTE programs continue to provide 
valuable pathways for learners of all ages.
    These are incredible programs that I take every opportunity 
to be able to visit those, to see the fruits of the legislative 
work that I did with President Trump under Trump 45, with the 
Modernizing Career and Technical Education for the 21st 
Century.
    Can you explain why the administration is seeking to limit 
CTE funds to K to 12, despite Perkins Law, explicitly 
supporting student transitions beyond high school, including 
into apprenticeship and other postsecondary pathways? Another 
area I look forward to working personally with you on.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you. I would look forward to that 
as well. I know the President is certainly--and the budget 
supports the directive, the President's executive order, you 
know, preparing Americans for high-paying skilled jobs, and 
that is one of the things that we would like to focus on as 
well.
    Mr. Thompson. That would be great. The action by the 
Department was kind of contrary to that, very familiar with 
that executive order.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time has expired.
    Mr. Thompson. Thank you, Secretary.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I now recognize 
the gentleman from North Carolina, Mr. Harris.
    Mr. Harris. Well, thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Madam Secretary, for being here and for your patience and 
endurance throughout this hearing. There has been a lot said 
about the closing of the Department of Education, and the 
activities that are being ensued. Madam Secretary, I want to 
ask you, is education mentioned in our Constitution?
    Secretary McMahon. I do not believe it is in terms of 
directives or agencies mentioned in the Constitution.
    Mr. Harris. Correct. Our Tenth Amendment says that the 
powers not delegated to the Federal Government by the 
Constitution are reserved to who, exactly?
    Secretary McMahon. The states.
    Mr. Harris. The states and the people.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes.
    Mr. Harris. My wife teaches eighth grade U.S. history, and 
I think even her eighth graders can piece together that if it 
is not mentioned in the Constitution, it must fall to the 
states and to the people. Sadly, some of our Federal judges 
need to go back to the eighth grade and have that kind of 
class.
    Let me ask you this. Do you think a single District Judge 
should be able to stop the Constitutional actions of a 
President?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I certainly think that is a 
question now that is before the Courts, and is being--I think 
it will be properly adjudicated.
    Mr. Harris. Well, unfortunately, that is exactly what 
happened. Judge Juan in Boston issued a preliminary injunction 
to stop several of President Trump's education related 
executive orders, including the one directing you to take steps 
to close the Department. I want to take a moment just to set 
the record straight for the Nation and ask you, did President 
Trump's executive order in March about closing the Department 
ever tell you to ignore the law?
    Secretary McMahon. No. In fact, it says specifically in the 
executive order to do it lawfully.
    Mr. Harris. Exactly. It very clearly says--let me just 
quote it for the record, ``The Secretary of Education, shall to 
the maximum extent appropriate and permitted by law, take all 
necessary steps to facilitate the closure of the Department of 
Education and return authority over education to the states and 
local communities, while ensuring the effective and 
uninterrupted delivery of services, programs and benefits on 
which Americans rely.''
    It seems that Congress is the one out of line with the 
Constitution in establishing a Department of Education in the 
first place, and I for one happen to agree 100 percent with you 
and President Trump that we must send education back to our 
states. That process does not mean ignoring the laws on the 
books.
    What steps have you taken to follow the Constitution, and 
carry out President Trump's lawful order to move the Department 
of Education toward closure?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, what I have said from the 
beginning, in fact in my confirmation hearing when I was asked 
specifically, I said I would like to work with Congress as we 
look at the plans for shutting down the Department of 
Education, which of those agencies can carry out the 
obligations that are currently now funneling through the 
Department of Education?
    It was always my goal, and will continue to be my goal as I 
know it will take congressional action to close the Department 
of Education, to work with Congress to do that.
    Mr. Harris. Are there any specific needs from Congress that 
you have that you would ask us to help in accomplishing your 
task?
    Secretary McMahon. I think they will come as we want to sit 
down as we lay out more of the plan, and the timeline, you 
know, for where we think different agencies could accommodate 
the role right now of the Department of Education.
    Mr. Harris. Okay. On another subject, Madam Secretary, do 
you agree that it is a privilege for foreign students to attend 
American universities and not a right?
    Secretary McMahon. I do think it is a privilege.
    Mr. Harris. Do you agree that it is a privilege for 
universities to enroll foreign students, not a right?
    Secretary McMahon. I think the right, the education here in 
our--I mean I think it is a privilege for those foreign 
students to come and attend our universities.
    Mr. Harris. Do you agree that the safety of American 
students should be a top priority, especially when considering 
who to let on campus?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, I do.
    Mr. Harris. Well, recently the Department of State 
announced a temporary pause in interviews for student visas 
with plans to update the policies on screening even social 
media for applicants, and this comes after we have seen just 
the incredible rise in the violent and antisemitic protest on 
college campuses across the Nation.
    I want to ask you in just a closing second, it says your 
Department noticed a connection between schools that failed to 
follow the law and report foreign donations, and the prevalence 
of antisemitism on campuses?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, one of the things that we have 
asked, in fact this is exactly one of the issues that came up 
with Harvard, so we are looking at all universities now and 
investigating to make sure that under that Section 117, they 
are, as they are required, reporting the amounts and sources of 
those donations to the universities.
    Mr. Harris. Excellent. Well, thank you so much again for 
the work that you are doing, and Mr. Chairman with that, I 
yield back my time.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. Now I recognize my 
friend, the Ranking Member, the Representative from Virginia, 
Mr. Scott.
    Mr. Scott. Thank you, and thank you, Madam Secretary, for 
being with us today. I have a lot of questions, and hopefully I 
can get some quick answers. I will try to phrase them in a way 
that can get some quick answers. Do you intend to comply with 
the May 22d Court Order?
    Secretary McMahon. May 22, in which we were joined in this 
particular aspect, can you be more specific?
    Mr. Scott. The Court Order issued on May 22, requiring you 
to--it prevented you from dismantling the Department.
    Secretary McMahon. Oh right. Yes, we will always comply 
with the law.
    Mr. Scott. Okay. You indicated proposals with the 
Department of Education going forward, can we count on 
receiving those proposals as they are made? We have asked for 
those, that information?
    Secretary McMahon. We would certainly like to comply with 
Congress and provide you with those.
    Mr. Scott. Can we get a commitment from you that you will 
cooperate with the Office of Inspector General and the 
Department of Education as the law requires?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, as the law requires we will.
    Mr. Scott. On the budget, under the 2026 budget, a lot of 
workforce development programs are combined. When the dust 
settles, do we understand that there will be about a 33 percent 
cut in workforce development programs?
    Secretary McMahon. We are looking at workforce development 
and wanting to make sure that it is treated fairly. You know, 
right now the U.S. Government is--well, taxpayers are footing 
the bill for about 75 percent of that, and we want to reverse 
that. We want the businesses or the universities to pay the 75 
percent and taxpayers to pay the 25 percent.
    I think that is a better proposal for workforce 
development.
    Mr. Scott. Do I understand that to be a yes? It is about a 
33 percent cut?
    Secretary McMahon. I will get back to you if it is 
different than that.
    Mr. Scott. Okay. In the pending Reconciliation Bill, that 
is the one that has tax breaks for the wealthy, and cuts in 
healthcare and Medicaid. CBO says at least 13 million people 
will lose their insurance. It is probably going to be more than 
that because changes were made in the bill.
    SNAP benefits cuts, and access to college with cuts in 
student loans and Pell grants. Does the 2026 budget cut Pell 
and work study on top of those cuts?
    Secretary McMahon. You know, I would really appreciate the 
opportunity to respond to those if they were written questions 
because I think we can explain them better, and I can work with 
you on that.
    Mr. Scott. Title I, you said it was level funding. Do I 
assume that means that it was protected? Do I assume that means 
that it was level funded without an adjustment for inflation?
    Secretary McMahon. For 1(a).
    Mr. Scott. No adjustment for inflation?
    Secretary McMahon. No, it is level funding.
    Mr. Scott. Okay. TRIO, you have said publicly that there 
were problems with evaluating the program since the Department 
of Education now evaluates TRIO programs for effectiveness?
    Secretary McMahon. We would like to be able to look at them 
and have full accountability for those programs. We are 
precluded from doing that right now by the way that TRIO is 
structured.
    Mr. Scott. Some of us believe that the Department has 
evaluations right there in the Department of Education. Do you 
deny that they exist?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, there are some evaluations that 
are in TRIO or going, but in terms of the longer effect of 
TRIO, there is specific language that prevents us from doing 
it, so I would like to have the ability if TRIO is 
reappropriated, that we would be able to change that language 
and go in and understand the full accountability of the 
programs.
    Mr. Scott. On student loans, would you commit to working 
with us. There are about 2 million students, student loan 
borrowers who have applied for income driven repayment plans 
who are caught up in a backlog. Can we count on you to work 
with us to make sure they are not disadvantaged?
    Secretary McMahon. We are working relative to all of those 
loans that are in default with several different programs for 
repayment, and we urge students who have borrowed money and are 
in default now to go to our----
    Mr. Scott. They are in a backlog, so will you work with us 
to make sure they are not just caught up in that? I had a Title 
VI question, and that is that is it true that the Office of 
Civil Rights investigates allegations of violations of Title 
VI?
    Secretary McMahon. The Office of Civil Rights at the 
Department of Education, yes, we do that.
    Mr. Scott. On Title VI, are you aware of the process that 
requires you to in case--according to the law, in case of any 
action terminating, or refusing to grant a continue assistance 
because of failure to comply with the requirement, the head of 
the Federal agency must file with the Committees of the House 
and Senate, having legislative jurisdiction over the program or 
activity involved, a full written report of the circumstances 
and grounds for such action.
    No such action shall become effective until 30 days have 
elapsed after the filing of such report. Do you know if the 
Department of Education has filed a report with this Committee 
on any action you have taken?
    Secretary McMahon. We may very well have done that. I would 
like to get back to you just to assure you that my answer is 
correct.
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time is expired.
    Mr. Scott. Just one quick, one more quick question, and 
that is, is lack of viewpoint diversity a violation of Title 
VI?
    Chairman Walberg. The gentleman's time is expired, and I 
will ask the Secretary to respond later. I now turn and 
recognizing the long-suffering, ever patient gentleman from 
Florida, Mr. Fine.
    Mr. Fine. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. You can see my fidgeting 
here. I guess it is new-guy-itis having to listen to a lot of 
these questions. Secretary McMahon, thank you for being here. 
It is a privilege to be able to ask you questions. I do want to 
save you one followup from the meeting. You do not have to meet 
with your accountant.
    The incremental tax benefit to you will be zero because we 
are not lowering any rates, so it will be none. You will 
continue to pay what you have been paid. I do not know why 
people continue to lie about that.
    I want to ask you about something different. In the world 
that we live in today Jews are scared, and I speak to you not 
just as a Congressman, but as a father of two Jewish boys, they 
are 17 and they are 13 years-old. I also speak to you as an 
alum of Harvard, and I have got to go back and check the data 
that said in the 90's one in three professors were 
conservative, because I certainly did not see them anywhere 
when I was there.
    I will tell you, as a Jewish conservative at Harvard in the 
90's, despite the fact they tried to kick me out twice, I never 
felt unsafe as a Jewish student, never once. Sometimes I felt 
persecuted because of my political views, but never, ever, not 
once in 4 years, 6 years actually because I went there twice, 
did I ever feel unsafe.
    Students do now, and I wear this kippah now. It is a new 
habit of mine, at my son's request because of all the students 
who do not feel safe wearing theirs. With my 17 year-old when 
he was born, actually, 17 years ago, I had a dream that he 
would follow me to where I went to school, and now we are in 
the next few weeks where it is time for him to start thinking 
about where he is going to apply to college.
    I do not know that I even think he should go to college at 
all in the days that we live in and the days that we live in. 
My question to you is this, given that Jews are scared, there 
are things that we can do on our college campuses, and I thank 
you for what you are doing.
    I believe that a lot of this problem is coming from foreign 
influence, that our universities are taking money from 
countries that do not share our values, and do not like our 
politics, and do not like our people. Those dollars come at a 
price. What they do, they do not just give a donation, they say 
hey, we are going to endow a school.
    We are going to endow a professorship, we want you to take 
our students, and from other countries. What are things that we 
can do to work together so that countries like China or Qatar, 
which are clearly not looking out for the interest of Americans 
that we can get that under control in our higher education 
system?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, thank you for that, and I am glad 
that you felt safe because there are clearly so many students 
now who do not feel safe, and I have talked to them, and they 
have told me no child going to college or any school today 
should feel unsafe in the environment of their education, so I 
regret that.
    What we are actually doing is we have launched, we have 
reaffirmed the Section 117 compliance from universities, that 
they must tell us, they are already required to report this and 
they are not, so we are requiring them to report donors, 
amounts, because we want to make sure there is not foreign 
influence, you know, with that.
    The Deterrent Act is for a purpose, and that is really what 
we are supporting.
    Mr. Fine. Well, I would like to work with you because even 
if you look at places like Columbia, it is generally not the 
physics department where we see the problems. It is not 
generally what I will call real degrees. It is in this creation 
of what I will call pre-Starbucks employment degrees, like 
gender studies, and these other silly things where you cannot 
actually get a job, which are really nothing more than 
factories to create people to go and protest where we have 
these things.
    I would like to work with you on that, and I also want to 
ask you this, we subsidize these degrees. The idea that these 
schools walk around and say they are private really is false 
because they could not operate without the beneficiary of the 
U.S. Government.
    Does it make sense perhaps for us to look at the ideas of 
saying if you want to get a student loan to go to college in 
the United States, you have got to go get a degree in something 
where you actually might be able to do something useful when 
you are done with it?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, I think that is one of the things 
that I was discussing before, that I would like to see colleges 
and universities have more skin in the game. If they have more 
skin in the game I think that they are going to make sure that 
the subjects and the degrees that they are offering are going 
to provide diplomas and pathways to employment, which they are 
going to--those students are going to be able to repay their 
loans, because if they are on the hook for part of that money, 
they are not going to want to have to pay it if that student is 
not successful.
    Mr. Fine. Well, I just want to close by thanking you and 
President Trump for what you are doing because you are fighting 
a fight. One of the backlogs that I did not hear the Democrats 
ask about are all the investigations of antisemitism on college 
campuses, which conveniently were not worked on when he was 
President, and thank you for dealing with that backlog, but 
know that I am prepared to work with you and the President on 
any of these issues whenever you need it, and thank you for 
being here today. I yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you, Congressman.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman, and I recognize 
the gentleman from Indiana for the last word in questioning, 
Mr. Messmer.
    Mr. Messmer. Okay. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, 
Secretary, for being here. Secretary McMahon, we have heard all 
kinds of scare mongering from the left that you are ignoring 
Congress, or blatantly violating the law, particularly when it 
comes to fraud, waste, and abuse that you have eliminated in 
the Department. I think that is simply ridiculous.
    Can you reaffirm, once again, that your Department is 
following the law, and will continue to execute all laws passed 
by Congress?
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, sir, we will.
    Mr. Messmer. Thank you. Also, how would the Department 
balance the needs of localities to remain flexible in their CTE 
delivery to respond to local workforce needs, while also 
ensuring programs are not hijacked with woke ideology by 
elected bureaucrats?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we are continuing the funding for 
CTE, and that is I could not be more strongly supportive of our 
career technical education programs. I want to see them started 
earlier in schools, middle schools, high schools, community 
colleges. I think there are many pathways to opportunities for 
success, you know, for employment. I think that we have to make 
sure that we are continuing to focus on developing those, 
whether it is public private partnerships, there are--I know a 
lot of companies that work with community colleges to put funds 
into those community colleges to help develop curriculum.
    For instance, I know in West Virginia there is a program 
that Toyota has come in, they actually built a Toyota Center at 
one of the community colleges, and the students who were there 
train in the plant and they take part of the courses at the 
Toyota Center, and it is a workforce built in.
    Mr. Messmer. In my district as well.
    Secretary McMahon. Those are the kinds of things that we 
want to see continuing to happen.
    Mr. Messmer. Thank you. We need to maintain local 
flexibility because the workforce needs across the country are 
very diverse, so thank you.
    Secretary McMahon. Yes, they are.
    Mr. Messmer. Yes, thank you. Also, the State of Indiana has 
been a leader in school choice programs, leading the charge of 
voucher initiatives, and creating a comprehensive educational 
agenda for K through 12 education that will ensure families 
have the best access to educational opportunities and choices.
    What are the steps is the Department planning for returning 
school policy decisions back to the State and local level to 
help ensure states like Indiana, better achieve their pro-
family, pro-student education policy goals?
    Secretary McMahon. Well, we want to make sure that we are 
offering the opportunity, I think, for freedom, you know, for 
choice, for freedom of choice in the schools. By increasing the 
charter school budget that one of the things that the President 
would like to see opportunities for more charter schools to get 
started.
    You know, and often charter schools, and I have not talked 
about this today, are--they are often started, you know, in low 
economic areas, to provide education for those students that 
are kind of being left behind, and are not performing at levels 
that other students are.
    We have this choice and competitive factors, you know, in 
our states. We are seeing the level across all schools, the 
rising tide lifts all boats, and it does give opportunities 
when we have the choice that the President would like to see.
    Mr. Messmer. Thank you. In Indiana, we have seen the 
highest utilization of the charter schools in low-income 
minority areas, and benefits those students the most, so thank 
you. I yield back.
    Secretary McMahon. Thank you. I have visited, not Indiana, 
but I have visited some of those charter schools in the low 
economic areas and seen the results because it is often those 
low economic students are often so overlooked, and so, well, 
there is no need to waste any money there, but that is where we 
need to spend money to make sure that they have equal 
opportunity as well.
    Mr. Messmer. Thank you. I appreciate your support, and I 
yield back my time.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman. I want to thank 
the Committee for your attention to this hearing today, and I 
want to thank the Secretary for your diligence in being here, 
your patience, the time that was expended. It has been a long 
hearing. We appreciate you being here.
    There are no further questions, so now I recognize the 
Ranking Member for his closing remarks.
    Mr. Scott. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I thank the 
Secretary for being with us today. We are here today to 
consider the effect of the President's 2026 budget on programs 
within the jurisdiction of the Committee on Education and 
Workforce. We begin that consideration while legislation passed 
by the House and pending in the Senate showers tax breaks on 
the wealthy, and cuts Medicaid, SNAP and funding for programs 
that give access to college, while adding trillions of dollars 
of additional debt.
    On top of the cuts in that bill, the 2026 proposal further 
cuts Pell grants, reduces work study, eliminates GEAR UP and 
TRIO programs, and as we consider the 2026 budget we also 
consider the Federal Court Orders that have ordered the 
administration to stop dismantling the Department of Education 
without congressional authority.
    We have heard problems of test scores, but no plan to do 
anything about it. Handcuffs on teachers when whatever 
handcuffs there may be are locally imposed, not on Federal 
Government. We have heard that there is no Federal role in 
curriculum, teacher quality, or anything like that, and it has 
been emphasized that what the Department of Education's 
responsibility is--is basically civil rights to make sure that 
all children have access to a quality education.
    We have heard support for vouchers, but we know that those 
programs have not been shown to improve education, but have 
been shown to increase racial segregation. Finally, Mr. 
Chairman, you rescued the Secretary when I asked whether or not 
viewpoint diversity is a violation of Title VI.
    I guess we will get that as an answer later, but I cited 
the statutory requirement that if you are going to take any 
action on the Title VI blaming antisemitism, or any other 
violation of Title VI, you have to give notice to the 
committees of jurisdiction.
    Mr. Chairman, she indicated she may have given notice, and 
if so, you have not shared that information with the Democrats 
on the Committee, and I would like to see that because it 
requires before any action can be taken you have to provide a 
complete report on that situation, and wait at least 30 days 
before any action has been taken.
    We will just see what the answer to that is and I will look 
for an answer from you, but we have a lot of work to do. We are 
trying to improve education and from a Federal level, the cuts 
in education and no increase inflationary increase in Title 1, 
that is a major investment we make in K through 12, cuts in 
Pell grants, and student loans, that is our major investment, 
and access to college, and I think we are going in the wrong 
direction.
    Hopefully we can--legislation is considered by the House; 
we can make the appropriate adjustments. Thank you, Mr. 
Chairman, I yield back.
    Chairman Walberg. I thank the gentleman as well, and we 
look forward to continue working and discussing with you what 
is going on, and we have been pretty busy doing that effort in 
the One Big Beautiful Bill and Reconciliation. As you know, we 
have been extremely busy on that with the purpose--with the 
purpose of making things better for the taxpayers and for the 
students, the universities, colleges, community colleges, trade 
schools, workforce Pell, all of the rest for quite some time 
here now.
    We look forward to more fully involving ourselves with the 
budget proposed by the President, and even as we started today. 
I would also State that 2 years while the Democrats had the 
full majority, including White House, the House and the Senate, 
the opportunities to improve education in multiple ways, even 
as being expressed by some of my Democrat colleagues now did 
not happen.
    Being a student of history to some degree myself, looking 
back and seeing the impact of education in this country that 
produced such revolutions as Agriculture Revolution, Industrial 
Revolution, Communications Revolutions, Space Age, all of the 
rest, came before the Department of Education, before.
    With more local control, with K-12 systems under the 
control of the states and local communities, school boards, 
parents. Right now we are attempting to go that direction, and 
it was disconcerting to hear some of my colleagues talk about 
doing away with healthcare, lunch programs, et cetera for 
students when in fact that is not the case, and our President 
stood very strong in saying that Medicaid, Medicare, school 
lunches were not to be cut from deserving individuals.
    Waste, fraud, and abuse, yes. My colleagues voted for 
waste, fraud and abuse to be continued, but today we are 
looking at what we can do to get to a place where the 
Department of Education is at its right spot. A gentleman, a 
colleague from North Carolina so eloquently pointed out that in 
our U.S. Constitution we do not have the responsibility for 
education except what we have taken outside of the 
Constitution.
    It would be hard constantly to experience the efforts of an 
administration committed to following the Constitution relative 
to state's rights and responsibilities for education. It will 
also be confounding to some that better service can come from a 
smaller, more efficient bureaucracy.
    Certain states are taking education improvement into their 
own hands, and succeeding, and others will have to decide to 
compete as well if they will follow. Choice--true choice in 
education will handle so much diversity, bias will generally 
fail under its own weight. Having a light on the extent of the 
ingrown, one-sided liberal bias on our public campuses will be 
threatening, but change I believe will result from that.
    The Congressional Budget Office, and relative to the Tax 
Cut and Jobs Act was off by 180 degrees. They costed out 1.5 
trillion-dollar shortfall that would result from the Tax Cut 
and Jobs Act that was just the opposite, 1.5 trillion dollars 
to the good.
    I believe what we have just done, reconciliation, and the 
One Big Beautiful Bill will be a facilitator for a lot of 
growth and opportunity. Again, students, parents, teachers, if 
we get those three component parts right in education, we will 
succeed, and that involves local district control as well.
    I appreciate the passionate debate that went on today, the 
questioning, the answers, and sometimes answers that could not 
be given because it was based on questions without fact. Thank 
you again for being with us. With no further business before 
the Committee, I call it adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 1:32 p.m., the Committee was adjourned.]

    [Additional submissions from Ranking Member Scott follows:]
    
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    [Additional submissions from Rep. Bonamici follows:]
    
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    [Questions and responses submitted for the record by 
Secretary Linda McMahon follows:]

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