[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]


                 COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND 
                    INFRASTRUCTURE MEMBER DAY
=======================================================================

                                (119-36)

                                HEARING

                               BEFORE THE

                              COMMITTEE ON
                   TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             SECOND SESSION

                               __________

                            JANUARY 14, 2026

                               __________

                       Printed for the use of the
             Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
             
[GRAPHIC NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]             

     Available online at: https://www.govinfo.gov/committee/house-
     transportation?path=/browsecommittee/chamber/house/committee/
                             transportation
                                __________

                   U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE                    
62-880 PDF                  WASHINGTON : 2026 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------     

             COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

                        Sam Graves, Missouri, Chairman
                       Rick Larsen, Washington, Ranking Member
                       
Eleanor Holmes Norton,               Eric A. ``Rick'' Crawford, 
  District of Columbia               Arkansas,
Jerrold Nadler, New York               Vice Chairman
John Garamendi, California           Daniel Webster, Florida
Henry C. ``Hank'' Johnson, Jr., Georgiaomas Massie, Kentucky
Andre Carson, Indiana                Scott Perry, Pennsylvania
Dina Titus, Nevada                   Brian Babin, Texas
Jared Huffman, California            David Rouzer, North Carolina
Julia Brownley, California           Mike Bost, Illinois
Frederica S. Wilson, Florida         Bruce Westerman, Arkansas
Mark DeSaulnier, California          Brian J. Mast, Florida
Salud O. Carbajal, California        Pete Stauber, Minnesota
Greg Stanton, Arizona                Tim Burchett, Tennessee
Sharice Davids, Kansas               Dusty Johnson, South Dakota
Jesus G. ``Chuy'' Garcia, Illinois   Jefferson Van Drew, New Jersey
Chris Pappas, New Hampshire          Troy E. Nehls, Texas
Seth Moulton, Massachusetts          Tracey Mann, Kansas
Marilyn Strickland, Washington       Burgess Owens, Utah
Patrick Ryan, New York               Eric Burlison, Missouri
Val T. Hoyle, Oregon                 Mike Collins, Georgia
Emilia Strong Sykes, Ohio,           Mike Ezell, Mississippi
  Vice Ranking Member                Kevin Kiley, California
Hillary J. Scholten, Michigan        Vince Fong, California
Valerie P. Foushee, North Carolina   Tony Wied, Wisconsin
Christopher R. Deluzio, Pennsylvania Tom Barrett, Michigan
Robert Garcia, California            Nicholas J. Begich III, Alaska
Nellie Pou, New Jersey               Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr., 
Kristen McDonald Rivet, Michigan     Pennsylvania
Laura Friedman, California           Jeff Hurd, Colorado
Laura Gillen, New York               Jefferson Shreve, Indiana
Shomari Figures, Alabama             Addison P. McDowell, North 
Maxwell Frost, Florida               Carolina
                                     David J. Taylor, Ohio
                                     Brad Knott, North Carolina
                                     Kimberlyn King-Hinds,
                                       Northern Mariana Islands
                                     Mike Kennedy, Utah
                                     Robert F. Onder, Jr., Missouri
                                     Jimmy Patronis, Florida
                                     Vacancy

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page

Summary of Subject Matter........................................   vii

                 STATEMENTS OF MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE

Hon. Sam Graves, a Representative in Congress from the State of 
  Missouri, and Chairman, Committee on Transportation and 
  Infrastructure, opening statement..............................     1
    Prepared statement...........................................     2
Hon. Rick Larsen, a Representative in Congress from the State of 
  Washington, and Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and 
  Infrastructure, opening statement..............................     2
    Prepared statement...........................................     4

                            MEMBER TESTIMONY

Hon. Andrea Salinas, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Oregon, oral statement......................................     5
    Prepared statement...........................................     6
Hon. Nikki Budzinski, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Illinois, oral statement....................................     7
    Prepared statement...........................................     8
Hon. Delia C. Ramirez, a Representative in Congress From the 
  State of Illinois, oral statement..............................     9
    Prepared statement...........................................    11
Hon. Jennifer A. Kiggans, a Representative in Congress From the 
  Commonwealth of Virginia, oral statement.......................    12
    Prepared statement...........................................    13
Hon. Jim Costa, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  California, oral statement.....................................    15
    Prepared statement...........................................    16
Hon. Tim Moore, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  North Carolina, oral statement.................................    19
    Prepared statement...........................................    20
Hon. Rashida Tlaib, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Michigan, oral statement....................................    21
    Prepared statement...........................................    23
Hon. James C. Moylan, a Delegate in Congress From the Territory 
  of Guam, oral statement........................................    25
    Prepared statement...........................................    26
Hon. Marcy Kaptur, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Ohio, oral statement...........................................    27
    Prepared statement...........................................    29
Hon. John W. Mannion, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of New York, oral statement....................................    30
    Prepared statement...........................................    31
Hon. Donald G. Davis, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of North Carolina, oral statement..............................    32
    Prepared statement...........................................    33
Hon. Pramila Jayapal, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Washington, oral statement..................................    35
    Prepared statement...........................................    36
Hon. Sylvia R. Garcia, a Representative in Congress From the 
  State of Texas, oral statement.................................    37
    Prepared statement...........................................    39
Hon. Harriet M. Hageman, a Representative in Congress From the 
  State of Wyoming, oral statement...............................    40
    Prepared statement...........................................    42
Hon. Kevin Mullin, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  California, oral statement.....................................    43
    Prepared statement...........................................    45
Hon. Robert J. Wittman, a Representative in Congress From the 
  Commonwealth of Virginia, oral statement.......................    46
    Prepared statement...........................................    47
Hon. Raul Ruiz, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  California, oral statement.....................................    48
    Prepared statement...........................................    49
Hon. Vicente Gonzalez, a Representative in Congress From the 
  State of Texas, oral statement.................................    50
    Prepared statement...........................................    52
Hon. Jared Moskowitz, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Florida, oral statement.....................................    53
    Prepared statement...........................................    54
Hon. Ed Case, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Hawaii, oral statement.........................................    55
    Prepared statement...........................................    57
Hon. John W. Rose, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Tennessee, oral statement......................................    58
    Prepared statement...........................................    59
Hon. Ben Cline, a Representative in Congress From the 
  Commonwealth of Virginia, oral statement.......................    60
    Prepared statement...........................................    61
Hon. Emily Randall, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Washington, oral statement..................................    62
    Prepared statement...........................................    64
Hon. Earl L. ``Buddy'' Carter, a Representative in Congress From 
  the State of Georgia, oral statement...........................    65
    Prepared statement...........................................    66
Hon. Jamie Raskin, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Maryland, oral statement.......................................    67
    Prepared statement...........................................    68
Hon. Steve Cohen, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Tennessee, oral statement......................................    69
    Prepared statement...........................................    71
Hon. Marie Gluesenkamp Perez, a Representative in Congress From 
  the State of Washington, oral statement........................    73
    Prepared statement...........................................    74
Hon. Andy Biggs, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Arizona, oral statement........................................    75
    Prepared statement...........................................    77
Hon. Mike Flood, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Nebraska, oral statement.......................................    79
    Prepared statement...........................................    80
Hon. Eric Sorensen, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Illinois, oral statement....................................    83
    Prepared statement...........................................    85
Hon. Lateefah Simon, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of California, oral statement..................................    85
    Prepared statement...........................................    86
Hon. Jill N. Tokuda, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Hawaii, oral statement......................................    87
    Prepared statement...........................................    89
Hon. Brad Sherman, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  California, oral statement.....................................    91
    Prepared statement...........................................    92
Hon. Lois Frankel, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Florida, oral statement........................................    93
    Prepared statement...........................................    94
Hon. John R. Moolenaar, a Representative in Congress From the 
  State of Michigan, oral statement..............................    95
    Prepared statement...........................................    96
Hon. Jahana Hayes, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Connecticut, oral statement....................................    97
    Prepared statement...........................................    98
Hon. Dan Newhouse, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Washington, oral statement.....................................    99
    Prepared statement...........................................   100
Hon. Jack Bergman, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
  Michigan, oral statement.......................................   101
    Prepared statement...........................................   102
Hon. Michael Cloud, a Representative in Congress From the State 
  of Texas, oral statement.......................................   103
    Prepared statement...........................................   104

                       SUBMISSIONS FOR THE RECORD

Letter of December 1, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and 
  Hon. Rick Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation 
  and Infrastructure, from Hon. Jim Costa and Hon. Pete Stauber, 
  Members of Congress, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Jim Costa    18
Articles About Interstate 11, Arizona HOV Lanes, and Desalination 
  Projects, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Andy Biggs..........    77
Letter of December 5, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and 
  Hon. Rick Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation 
  and Infrastructure, from Hon. Jill N. Tokuda and Hon. Nicholas 
  J. Begich III, Members of Congress, Submitted for the Record by 
  Hon. Jill N. Tokuda............................................    90
Report entitled, ``U.S.A. Build Initiative: Surface 
  Transportation Authorization Bill,'' by the Los Angeles County 
  Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Submitted for the Record 
  by Hon. Brad Sherman...........................................    91
Letter of June 5, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and Hon. 
  Rick Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and 
  Infrastructure, from Hon. Shomari Figures and Hon. Nikki 
  Budzinski, New Democrat Coalition, Submitted for the Record by 
  Hon. Norma J. Torres...........................................   122
Prepared Statements From the Following Members of Congress:
    Hon. Gabe Amo, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
      Rhode Island...............................................   107
    Hon. Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr., a Representative in Congress 
      From the State of California...............................   108
    Hon. Jasmine Crockett, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of Texas.............................................   109
    Hon. Chuck Edwards, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of North Carolina....................................   111
    Hon. Ron Estes, a Representative in Congress From the State 
      of Kansas..................................................   111
    Hon. Susie Lee, a Representative in Congress From the State 
      of Nevada..................................................   112
    Hon. Ted Lieu, a Representative in Congress From the State of 
      California.................................................   113
    Hon. Mary E. Miller, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of Illinois..........................................   114
    Hon. Joe Neguse, a Representative in Congress From the State 
      of Colorado................................................   114
    Hon. Scott H. Peters, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of California........................................   115
    Hon. Brittany Pettersen, a Representative in Congress From 
      the State of Colorado......................................   117
    Hon. Terri A. Sewell, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of Alabama...........................................   118
    Hon. Norma J. Torres, a Representative in Congress From the 
      State of California........................................   119

[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


                            January 9, 2026

    SUMMARY OF SUBJECT MATTER

    TO:      LMembers, Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure
    FROM:  LStaff, Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure
    RE:      LFull Committee Hearing on ``Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure Member Day''
_______________________________________________________________________


                               I. PURPOSE

    The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure will 
meet on Wednesday, January 14, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. ET in 2167 
Rayburn House Office Building to receive testimony related to 
the ``Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure Member 
Day.'' The purpose of this hearing is to provide Members of 
Congress an opportunity to testify before the Committee on 
Transportation and Infrastructure on their policy priorities 
within the Committee's jurisdiction.

                             II. BACKGROUND

    The Member Day hearing is an opportunity for all Members of 
the House of Representatives to actively engage in the 
Committee's work on all issues within the Committee's 
jurisdiction. This is a formal opportunity for all Members to 
highlight their priorities as the Committee develops the next 
Surface Transportation Reauthorization, Water Resources 
Development Act Reauthorization, and other important 
legislation affecting our Nation's infrastructure.

                      III. COMMITTEE JURISDICTION

    The Committee has broad jurisdiction over all modes of 
transportation and numerous types of infrastructure programs 
and funding, which is overseen by six subcommittees.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON AVIATION:

    The Subcommittee on Aviation has jurisdiction over all 
aspects of civil aviation, including safety, infrastructure, 
labor, economic regulation, and international issues. Within 
this scope of responsibilities, the Subcommittee has 
jurisdiction over the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a 
modal administration within the United States Department of 
Transportation (DOT). This jurisdiction covers all programs 
within the FAA, as well as aviation programs of the DOT with 
respect to economic regulation of air carriers and passenger 
airline service. In addition, the Subcommittee has jurisdiction 
over commercial space transportation, the National Mediation 
Board (NMB), and the National Transportation Safety Board 
(NTSB).

SUBCOMMITTEE ON COAST GUARD AND MARITIME TRANSPORTATION:

    The Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation 
has jurisdiction over the United States Coast Guard (Coast 
Guard), including its duties, organization, functions, and 
powers. Within the Committee's broader maritime transportation 
jurisdiction, the Subcommittee has jurisdiction over the 
regulation of vessels and merchant seafarers; domestic laws and 
international conventions related to the safe operation of 
vessels and safety of life at sea; and the regulation of ocean 
shipping, domestic cabotage requirements (pursuant to the Jones 
Act), cargo preference, and the merchant marine, except as it 
relates to national defense.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND EMERGENCY 
                    MANAGEMENT:

    The Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, 
and Emergency Management is responsible for the authorization 
and oversight of Federal real estate programs, including 
construction, repair, alteration, maintenance, and enhancement 
of such real property; the authorization and oversight of 
programs promoting economic development in communities 
suffering economic distress; the authorization and oversight of 
programs addressing the full cycle of Federal management of 
emergencies and disasters; and a variety of measures affecting 
homeland security, including building security provided by the 
Federal Protective Service (FPS).
    The real estate activities of the Subcommittee's 
jurisdiction include: improved grounds of the United States, 
generally, and measures relating to the Public Buildings 
Service (PBS) of the General Services Administration (GSA), 
including the planning, site and design, construction, 
acquisition, and renovation of public buildings, courthouses, 
and border facilities, and the leasing of space for Federal 
employees; the buildings, physical plant, and infrastructure of 
the Capitol Complex and use of the Capitol Grounds; the 
facilities of the White House complex; the facilities of the 
Smithsonian Institution; the Union Station Redevelopment 
Corporation; Judiciary Centers; the naming of Federal buildings 
and courthouses; and the sale or redevelopment of Federal real 
property, including those identified by the Public Buildings 
Reform Board pursuant to the Federal Assets Sale and Transfer 
Act of 2016. The Subcommittee also oversees recent reforms to 
GSA operations enacted in the Thomas R. Carper Water Resources 
Development Act of 2024 (WRDA 2024) (P.L. 118-272), which 
included provisions to improve transparency and reduce waste in 
Federal real estate management.
    The economic development activities of the Subcommittee 
include jurisdiction over the Economic Development 
Administration (EDA) within the Department of Commerce, the 
Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC), the Denali Commission, 
the Delta Regional Authority (DRA), the Southeast Crescent 
Regional Commission, the Southwest Border Regional Commission, 
the Northern Border Regional Commission, the Mid-Atlantic 
Regional Commission, the Southern New England Regional 
Commission, the Northern Great Plains Regional Commission and 
the Great Lakes Regional Commission.
    The Subcommittee's jurisdiction of Federal management of 
emergencies and disasters includes the Federal Emergency 
Management Agency (FEMA), oversight and activities relating to 
disaster mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery, as 
well as programs relating to first responders. The jurisdiction 
also includes the President's authority to declare disasters 
and national emergencies.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON HIGHWAYS AND TRANSIT:

    The Subcommittee on Highways and Transit is responsible for 
the development of Federal surface transportation policy and 
the authorization of programs for the construction and 
improvement of highway and transit facilities, highway and 
transit safety, commercial motor vehicle and driver safety, 
transportation research and innovation programs, and non-
motorized transportation infrastructure and safety. Related to 
these responsibilities, the Subcommittee has jurisdiction over 
the following modal administrations and offices within the DOT:
     LFederal Highway Administration (FHWA);
     LFederal Transit Administration (FTA);
     LFederal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 
(FMCSA);
     LNational Highway Traffic Safety Administration 
(NHTSA) (partial); and
     LOffice of the Secretary of Transportation (OST), 
including, but not limited to, the National Surface 
Transportation and Innovative Finance Bureau and Office of the 
Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology.

SUBCOMMITTEE ON RAILROADS, PIPELINES, AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS:

    The Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous 
Materials exercises jurisdiction over the programs and 
activities of two DOT modal administrations: the Federal 
Railroad Administration (FRA) and the Pipeline and Hazardous 
Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). The jurisdiction of 
the Subcommittee includes all Federal laws and programs 
regulating railroad transportation, including railroad safety, 
rail infrastructure programs, economic regulation, railroad 
labor laws, and the non-revenue aspects of the Federal railroad 
retirement and railroad unemployment systems. The 
Subcommittee's jurisdiction also includes all Federal laws and 
programs regulating the safety of gas and liquid pipelines and 
the safety of transporting material and freight that has been 
classified as hazardous, regardless of the mode of 
transportation. Agencies and other establishments outside the 
DOT whose rail-related activities fall within the 
Subcommittee's jurisdiction include:
     LSurface Transportation Board (STB);
     LAmtrak;
     LAmtrak Inspector General;
     LNortheast Corridor Commission (NEC Commission);
     LState-Amtrak Intercity Passenger Rail Committee 
(SAIPRC);
     LRailroad Retirement Board (RRB);
     LRailroad Retirement Board Inspector General (RRB 
IG);
     LNational Railroad Retirement Investment Trust 
(NRRIT); and
     LNational Mediation Board (NMB).

SUBCOMMITTEE ON WATER RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT:

    The jurisdiction of the Subcommittee on Water Resources and 
Environment consists generally of matters relating to water 
resources development, conservation and management, water 
pollution control and water infrastructure, and hazardous waste 
cleanup. Issues under the Subcommittee include:
     LWater resources programs (projects and 
regulations)--United States Army Corps of Engineers (Corps);
     LClean Water Act (CWA), water infrastructure and 
watershed protection programs--Environmental Protection Agency 
(EPA);
     LCWA, regulatory authorities--EPA and Corps;
     LSuperfund and Brownfields revitalization--EPA;
     LOcean dumping--EPA and Corps;
     LOil pollution--EPA and Coast Guard;
     LTennessee Valley Authority (TVA);
     LGreat Lakes Saint Lawrence Seaway Development 
Corporation--DOT;
     LNational Resources Conservation Service's Small 
Watershed Program--United States Department of Agriculture 
(USDA);
     LDeepwater ports--EPA, Coast Guard, and Corps;
     LInvasive/aquatic nuisance species/harmful algal 
blooms--EPA, Coast Guard, Corps, and other agencies;
     LCoastal pollution and coastal zone management--
EPA and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA);
     LNatural resource damages--NOAA, Department of the 
Interior (DOI), and other agencies;
     LGroundwater protection--primarily EPA and Corps;
     LWater resources policy--multiple agencies;
     LToxic substances and public health--Agency for 
Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR); and
     LBoundary water issues between the United States 
and Mexico--the International Boundary Water Commission (IBWC) 
at the Department of State.

 
       COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE MEMBER DAY

                              ----------                              


                      WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 14, 2026

                  House of Representatives,
    Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure,
                                            Washington, DC.
    The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:06 a.m. in Room 
2167, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Sam Graves (Chairman 
of the committee) presiding.
    Mr. Graves. The Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure will now come to order.
    I would ask unanimous consent that the chairman be 
authorized to declare a recess at any time during today's 
hearing.
    And without objection, that is so ordered.
    As a reminder, if Members wish to insert a document into 
the record, please also email it to [email protected].
    I now recognize myself for the purpose of an opening 
statement.

  OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. SAM GRAVES OF MISSOURI, CHAIRMAN, 
         COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

    Mr. Graves. Before delivering my statement, I do want to 
take a moment to honor our colleague and friend, Congressman 
Doug LaMalfa. For nearly a decade, Congressman LaMalfa served 
on this committee as a valued and very thoughtful Member. He 
made this committee a better place to serve. He was a tireless 
advocate for rural Americans, and his voice will be missed as 
we continue our work to address the needs of our transportation 
infrastructure. We continue to pray for his wife, his children, 
and family as they face this very unexpected tragedy. If we 
can, I would like to pause for just a moment of silence to 
honor our friend, Doug.
    [A moment of silence.]
    Mr. Graves. Thank you. Moving on to today's business, I 
look forward to hearing Members share their transportation and 
infrastructure priorities for the second session of the 119th 
Congress.
    The T&I Committee is coming off a very busy 2025. Our work 
started with reconciliation, which included the historic 
investments in the Coast Guard and the $12.5 billion 
downpayment to modernize our Nation's air traffic control 
system. The committee also passed, on a bipartisan basis, a 
pipeline safety reauthorization; the FEMA Act of 2025, which 
reforms our approach to emergency management; and the Coast 
Guard Authorization Act, which was signed into law last month 
as part of the National Defense Authorization Act. Finally, we 
closed out the year with the House passage of the PERMIT Act, 
legislation that would greatly improve permitting under the 
Clean Water Act.
    Looking ahead to this year, we have multiple legislative 
priorities that the committee must reauthorize, including our 
surface transportation programs. The committee has already been 
hard at work on the surface transportation bill, which we plan 
to mark up early this year.
    In addition to the year's surface bill, we have also begun 
work on the next Water Resources Development Act, or WRDA. The 
portal for Members' WRDA priorities was opened on Monday and is 
going to remain open throughout the rest of this month, so I 
encourage Members to work with their staff and get those 
priorities submitted.
    Again, thank you all for being here today to testify on the 
transportation and infrastructure needs of your districts.
    [Mr. Graves' prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Sam Graves of Missouri, Chairman, Committee 
                  on Transportation and Infrastructure
    Before delivering my statement, I want to take this moment to honor 
our colleague and friend, Congressman Doug LaMalfa. For nearly a 
decade, Congressman LaMalfa served on this Committee as a valued and 
thoughtful Member.
    He made this committee a better place to serve. He was a tireless 
advocate for rural Americans, and his voice will be missed as we 
continue our work to address the needs of our transportation 
infrastructure. We continue to pray for his wife, children, and family 
as they face this unexpected tragedy.
    Moving on to today's business, I look forward to hearing Members 
share their transportation and infrastructure priorities for the second 
session of the 119th Congress.
    The T&I Committee is coming off a very busy 2025. Our work started 
with reconciliation, which included historic investments in the Coast 
Guard and a $12.5 billion downpayment to modernize our nation's air 
traffic control system. The Committee also passed, on a bipartisan 
basis, a pipeline safety reauthorization; the FEMA Act of 2025, which 
reforms our approach to emergency management; and the Coast Guard 
Authorization Act, which was signed into law late last month as part of 
the National Defense Authorization Act. Finally, we closed out last 
year with House passage of the PERMIT Act, legislation that greatly 
improves permitting under the Clean Water Act.
    Looking ahead to this year, we have multiple legislative priorities 
that the Committee must reauthorize, including our surface 
transportation programs. The Committee has already been hard at work on 
the next surface transportation bill, and we plan to mark it up early 
this year.
    In addition to this year's surface bill, we have also begun work on 
the next Water Resources Development Act (WRDA). The portal for 
Members' WRDA priorities was opened on Monday and will remain open 
throughout the rest of this month, so I encourage Members to work with 
their staff to get those priorities submitted.
    Again, thank you all for being here today to testify on the 
transportation and infrastructure needs in your districts.

    Mr. Graves. And I now recognize Rick for an opening 
statement.

 OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. RICK LARSEN OF WASHINGTON, RANKING 
     MEMBER, COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

    Mr. Larsen of Washington. Thank you, Mr. Chair.
    First, welcome to the T&I Committee's 2026 Member Day 
hearing.
    Before I start too, I want to take a moment to remember 
Doug. I knew Doug as a fierce advocate for his constituents. 
You always did know where he stood on issues, and that earned 
him my respect and the respect of the members of this 
committee. We are going to miss his presence and his bipartisan 
efforts to help rural Americans, and my condolences, as well, 
are with his family.
    This hearing is an important opportunity for our colleagues 
who are not on the committee to advocate for the specific needs 
of their own districts and to share the priorities that are 
most pressing to their constituents. Over 30 Members from both 
sides of the aisle have signed up to speak before the committee 
today.
    As Chair Graves and I have often noted, the work of this 
committee transcends the red team versus blue team mentality 
that permeates much of Washington, DC. We are here to solve 
problems and to create economic opportunities for every 
American, and the high level of participation from Members from 
both parties is a testament to that shared mission.
    The enthusiasm of Members seeking to testify today is not 
surprising. Thanks to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, 
sustained investments are rebuilding roads, bridges, rail, 
transit, and water systems in every corner of the country. 
These investments have resulted in the American Society of 
Civil Engineers raising the Nation's overall infrastructure 
grade to--are you ready for this--to a C from a C minus 4 years 
ago. As I have noted in previous testimony--like my son got a C 
minus in an engineering class, and he wasn't able to advance. 
So moving to a C is something else.
    No sector this time received a D minus for the first time 
since the first report card was issued in 1998, but clearly, 
there is a lot more work to do. And while the progress is 
encouraging, a C is not the final goal, and we shouldn't be 
satisfied with it for our national infrastructure. That is why 
the committee is committed to passing a bipartisan surface 
transportation bill that will continue to improve our 
infrastructure and transportation systems.
    The committee will also take up the Water Resources 
Development Act this year to continue to invest in the Nation's 
waterways, flood mitigation infrastructure, and ecosystem 
restoration efforts. We have started receiving proposals for 
the bill through our Member submission portal which opened 
earlier this week. And the testimony our colleagues deliver 
today will no doubt aid us in crafting legislation that creates 
jobs, improves safety and accessibility, and benefits the 
communities that we represent.
    So I want to thank the chair for holding this hearing and 
for his continued commitment to working in a bipartisan manner. 
Making sure Members can directly advocate for the districts is 
an important part of this process. And I want to thank all the 
Members ahead of time who made the time to come before the 
committee today, and I am eager to hear your testimony.
    And with that, I yield back.
    [Mr. Larsen of Washington's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Rick Larsen of Washington, Ranking Member, 
             Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure
    Welcome to the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee's 2026 
Member Day Hearing.
    Before I start, I just want to take a moment to remember Doug 
LaMalfa. I knew Doug as a fierce advocate for his constituents. You 
always knew where he stood on the issues, and that earned him my 
respect and the respect of the members of this committee. The T&I 
Committee will miss his presence and bipartisan efforts to help rural 
Americans. My condolences are with his family.
    This hearing is an important opportunity for our colleagues not on 
the T&I Committee to advocate for the specific needs of their districts 
and share the priorities most pressing to their constituents.
    Over 30 members, both Democrats and Republicans, have signed up to 
speak before the Committee today. As Chairman Graves and I often note, 
the work of this Committee transcends the ``red team versus blue team'' 
mentality that permeates much of Washington, DC. We are here to solve 
problems and create economic opportunities for every American. The high 
level of participation from Members from both parties today is a 
testament to that shared mission.
    The enthusiasm of Members seeking to testify today is not 
surprising. Thanks to the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL), 
sustained investments are rebuilding roads, bridges, rail, transit and 
water systems in every corner of the country.
    These investments have resulted in the American Society of Civil 
Engineers raising the nation's overall infrastructure grade to a ``C'' 
from a ``C-'' four years ago, with no sector receiving a ``D-'' for the 
first time since their first report card was issued in 1998. While this 
progress is encouraging, a ``C'' is not the final goal, and we 
shouldn't be satisfied with it for our national infrastructure.
    That is why our Committee is committed to passing a bipartisan 
surface transportation bill that will continue to improve our 
infrastructure and transportation systems.
    The Committee will also take up a Water Resources Development Act 
this year to continue to invest in the nation's waterways, flood 
mitigation infrastructure and ecosystem restoration efforts. We have 
started receiving proposals for the bill through our Member Submission 
Portal which opened earlier this week.
    The testimony our colleagues deliver today will no doubt aid us in 
crafting legislation that creates jobs, improves safety and 
accessibility, and benefits the communities we represent.
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, for holding this hearing and for your 
continued commitment to working in a bipartisan manner. Making sure 
Members can directly advocate for their districts is an important part 
of the process.
    Thank you to all the Members who have made time to come before the 
Committee today. I am eager to hear your testimony.

    Mr. Graves. Thanks, Rick.
    I don't have to explain the lighting system to you all. I 
think you all got it figured out.
    I would ask unanimous consent that the witnesses' full 
statements be included in the record.
    And without objection, that is so ordered.
    Your written testimony has been made a part of the record, 
so I would please ask that you try to limit your oral remarks 
to 5 minutes.
    Given the number of Members that are appearing before the 
committee today, out of consideration for our colleagues' time, 
I would ask unanimous consent that members of the committee be 
given 2 minutes to question each Member following their 
statements.
    And without objection, that is so ordered.
    And with that, Representative Salinas, you are recognized.

TESTIMONY OF HON. ANDREA SALINAS, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                    FROM THE STATE OF OREGON

    Ms. Salinas. Well, thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking 
Member Larsen, and to the committee for all your good work. And 
I am excited to be here to be able to share Oregon's Sixth 
District priorities.
    As I know Ranking Member Larsen is quite aware, the I-5 
corridor is the most important transportation artery across the 
Pacific Northwest. Access to I-5 is essential for economic 
development, allowing businesses to get their goods to market.
    In my district, one of the most important projects 
undertaken in recent years is the Newberg-Dundee Bypass. This 
highway improvement is a critical link to bring existing and 
anticipated economic development to this rural region by 
creating a safer, more efficient connection between these rural 
communities and I-5. My local stakeholders estimate that 
finishing this project could create over 6,000 new 
manufacturing jobs alone by improving the movement of goods on 
the west side of the Willamette Valley to the heart of my 
district through Interstate 5. It will also provide significant 
safety improvements by moving freight traffic off of our local 
roads.
    The corridor is part of Oregon's critical rural freight 
network used by more than 3,000 trucks a day. From 2018 to 
2022, this corridor experienced 141 crashes, including 11 fatal 
or serious injury crashes, highlighting the urgent need for 
these safety improvements.
    While increasing the capacity to transport goods to I-5 was 
critical, it is not the sole goal. The highway itself also 
needs upgrades to improve capacity and seismic resiliency. We 
have those earthquakes out in the West. The I-5 Boone Bridge 
crosses the Willamette River in Wilsonville, just south of 
Portland, and is a critical link for freight moving up and down 
the west coast. The bridge is part of Oregon's designated 
Seismic Lifeline Route, and is at serious risk of failure in a 
Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquake. More than 126,000 
vehicles, including an average of 17,000 trucks, cross the 
bridge each day. We must replace the bridge to adapt to 
economic growth in the region and ensure the safety of our 
communities from natural disasters.
    We also desperately need to improve the junction of Highway 
51 and Oregon 22, which is the primary route for tourism and 
freight to the Oregon coast and for people to access that 
amazing pinot noir wine that everyone loves. According to 
Oregon Department of Transportation statistics, this junction 
saw 154 crashes between 2016 and 2022, with 10 resulting in 
fatalities. Not only is the junction itself dangerous, it 
provides critical access to Salem's regional trauma center for 
residents of Polk and Yamhill Counties, who deserve those safe 
and accessible roadways when every second really matters.
    All of these projects have strong financial support from 
local and State governments, but they cannot get over the 
finish line without Federal support. As your committee prepares 
to advance the multiyear surface transportation reauth, I urge 
you to consider the impact on projects just like these, and 
offer your strong support for the Federal partnerships that 
actually make them possible.
    Federal competitive grant programs are essential tools for 
projects like these, but they are often oversubscribed and 
underfunded. Programs like BUILD and Mega can help make these 
projects pencil out. I encourage you to consider providing as 
much flexibility as possible for these funding opportunities to 
allow the Department of Transportation to tailor its support to 
the specific needs of the project.
    Rural grants are especially important. This program is 
designed to help projects in rural areas that are also often 
overlooked. Importantly, Rural grants can cover up to 100 
percent of the project costs. This flexibility allows large 
projects to move forward in underresourced communities like 
mine. Unfortunately, the Rural program has seen significantly 
more demand than it can support. I urge you to consider 
drastically expanding this program to maximize investments in 
the communities that need them most.
    I look forward to offering my help as the committee moves 
forward with the surface transportation reauth, and I 
appreciate the opportunity to share some of my projects. I am 
happy to take questions. Thank you.
    [Ms. Salinas' prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Andrea Salinas, a Representative in Congress 
                        From the State of Oregon
    Chair Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, thank you for the opportunity 
to inform the Committee's work on critical infrastructure issues and to 
share the major needs from Oregon's Sixth District.
    As I know Ranking Member Larsen is aware, the I-5 corridor is the 
most important transportation artery across the Pacific Northwest. 
Access to I-5 is essential for economic development, allowing 
businesses to get their goods to market.
    In my district, one of the most important projects undertaken in 
recent years is the Newberg-Dundee Bypass. This highway improvement is 
a critical link to bring existing and anticipated economic development 
to the region by creating a safer, more efficient connection between 
these rural communities and I-5. My local stakeholders estimate that 
finishing this project could create over 6,000 new manufacturing jobs 
alone, by improving the movement of goods on the west side of the 
Willamette Valley in the heart of my district, to Interstate Five.
    It will also provide significant safety improvements by moving 
freight traffic off local roads. The corridor is part of Oregon's 
Critical Rural Freight Network used by more than 3,000 trucks a day. 
From 2018 to 2022, this corridor experienced 141 crashes, including 11 
fatal or serious-injury crashes, highlighting the urgent need for 
safety improvements.
    While increasing the capacity to transport goods to Interstate Five 
was critical, it is not the sole goal. The highway itself also needs 
upgrades to improve capacity and seismic resiliency. The I-5 Boone 
Bridge crosses the Willamette River in Wilsonville, just south of 
Portland, and is a critical link for freight moving up and down the 
west coast. The bridge is part of Oregon's designated Seismic Lifeline 
Route and is at serious risk of failure in a Cascadia Subduction Zone 
earthquake.
    More than 126,000 vehicles, including an average of 17,000 trucks, 
cross the bridge each day. We must replace the bridge to adapt to 
economic growth in the region and ensure the safety of our communities 
from natural disasters.
    We also desperately need to improve the junction of Hwy 51 and OR-
22 which is the primary route for tourism and freight to the Oregon 
Coast. According to Oregon Department of Transportation Statistics, 
this junction saw 154 crashes between 2016 and 2022, with 10 resulting 
in fatalities.
    Not only is the junction itself dangerous, it provides critical 
access to Salem's regional trauma center for residents of Polk and 
Yamhill counties who deserve safe and accessible roadways when every 
second counts
    All of these projects have strong financial support from local and 
state governments, but they can't get over the finish line without 
federal support.
    As your committee prepares to advance a multi-year surface 
transportation reauthorization, I urge you to consider the impact on 
projects like these and offer your strong support for the federal 
partnerships that make them possible.
    Federal competitive grant programs are essential tools for projects 
like these, but they are often oversubscribed and under-funded. 
Programs like BUILD and MEGA can help make these projects pencil out. I 
encourage you to consider providing as much flexibility as possible for 
these funding opportunities to allow DOT to tailor its support to the 
specific needs of the project.
    RURAL grants are especially important. This program is designed to 
help projects in rural areas that are often overlooked. Importantly, 
RURAL grants can cover up to a hundred percent of the project cost. 
This flexibility allows large projects to move forward in under-
resourced communities.
    Unfortunately, the RURAL program has seen significantly more demand 
than it can support. I urge you to consider drastically expanding this 
program to maximize investments in the communities that need them the 
most.
    I look forward to offering my help as the Committee moves forward 
with surface transportation reauthorization, and I appreciate the 
opportunity to share these critical priorities from my District.
    Thank you.

    Mr. Graves. Moving on, Representative Budzinski.

TESTIMONY OF HON. NIKKI BUDZINSKI, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS

    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you, Chairman Graves, and thank you to 
Ranking Member Larsen for this opportunity today in front of 
the T&I Committee.
    As we look toward the 2026 reauthorization of the Water 
Resources Development Act, or WRDA, I want to take this 
opportunity to highlight the life-changing impact this 
legislation has on the Metro East region in Illinois.
    First I want to thank the committee for developing a strong 
bipartisan WRDA in 2024.
    The Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act 
included several of my requests to rehabilitate the 
infrastructure in communities that have suffered from 
devastating flooding, sewage backups, and stormwater overflows 
for far too long. The 2024 WRDA laid a vital foundation for the 
Metro East in three key areas.
    First, increased capacity. The 2024 WRDA boosted the Army 
Corps of Engineers authorization of their work in the Metro 
East from $100 million to $150 million, ensuring that Army 
Corps had the resources needed to make generational investments 
in our most vulnerable communities, including Cahokia Heights 
and East St. Louis.
    Second, modernized scope. The 2024 package included 
stormwater management as an eligible activity for the Corps in 
St. Clair and Madison Counties, aligning Federal law with the 
actual needs of our region.
    Third, strategic planning. The 2024 WRDA authorized a 
general reevaluation report, or a GRR, for the Corps' activity 
in Metro East and a feasibility study for the Spring Lake 
detention pond, a project first recommended in 2009 that is 
essential for flood resilience and protecting local homes.
    The House of Representatives built on this foundation just 
last week. In the fiscal year 2026 energy and water 
appropriations bill, I worked with Senator Duckworth to secure 
a $7.3 million investment to rebuild Cahokia Heights' east 
interceptor sewer. This interceptor sewer is the spine of the 
community's wastewater system. When an interceptor of this 
scale fails, as it has for years in Cahokia Heights, the entire 
system backs up into streets, yards, and homes. The project was 
made possible specifically because of the increased 
authorizations we secured in the 2024 WRDA.
    Additionally, I partnered with Senator Durbin to secure 
$500,000 to begin the first phase of the general reevaluation 
report for East St. Louis and the vicinity. This study is the 
roadmap we need to accurately chart a path toward total 
infrastructure renewal across the Metro East. The general 
reevaluation report was specifically authorized and expedited 
in WRDA 2024.
    While we made significant strides on our work in the Metro 
East, it is far from finished. Just last week, the Associated 
Press documented the ongoing crisis in Cahokia Heights, where 
persistent stormwater and sewer backups have buckled floors, 
cracked walls, and destroyed belongings in homes. Beyond the 
property damage, residents of the community face the public 
health risks of living with raw sewage and untreated runoff in 
their own homes.
    At the same time, we are seeing the administration pull 
back on promises that were made by the Federal Government to 
our most vulnerable communities. It is more important than ever 
for Congress and this committee to honor our responsibilities 
to these communities. As we move forward, I am committed to 
continuing to unify Federal, State, and local partners to 
ensure that the people of the Metro East are no longer left 
behind.
    Thank you again for your commitment to developing a strong 
bipartisan WRDA in 2026. I appreciate this opportunity to 
testify before you today. I look forward to continuing our work 
together on these important issues, and I stand ready to work 
alongside this committee, the Army Corps, and the local 
communities I represent to ensure we continue on a strong path 
forward.
    Thank you very much, and I yield back.
    [Ms. Budzinski's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Nikki Budzinski, a Representative in 
                  Congress From the State of Illinois
    Dear Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen,
    Thank you for the opportunity to testify before the House Committee 
on Transportation & Infrastructure. As we look toward the 2026 
reauthorization of the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA), I want 
to take this opportunity to highlight the life-changing impact this 
legislation has on the Metro East region of Illinois.
    First, I want to thank the Committee for developing a strong, 
bipartisan WRDA in 2024. The Thomas R. Carper Water Resources 
Development Act included several of my requests to rehabilitate the 
infrastructure in communities that have suffered from devastating 
flooding, sewage backups, and stormwater overflows for far too long.
    The 2024 WRDA laid a vital foundation for the Metro East in three 
key ways:
    1.  Increased Capacity: The 2024 WRDA boosted the U.S. Army Corps 
of Engineers' (USACE) authorization for their work in the Metro East 
from $100 million to $150 million, ensuring the Corps has the resources 
needed to make generational investments in our most vulnerable 
communities--including Cahokia Heights and East St. Louis.
    2.  Modernized Scope: The 2024 package included ``stormwater 
management'' as an eligible activity for the USACE in St. Clair and 
Madison Counties, aligning federal law with the actual needs of our 
region.
    3.  Strategic Planning: The 2024 WRDA authorized a General 
Reevaluation Report (GRR) for the USACE's activities in the Metro East 
and a feasibility study for the Spring Lake detention pond--a project 
first recommended in 2009 that is essential for flood resilience and 
protecting local homes.

    The House of Representatives built on this foundation just last 
week. In the Fiscal Year 2026 Energy & Water Appropriations bill, I 
worked with Senator Duckworth to secure $7.3 million to rebuild Cahokia 
Heights' East Interceptor Sewer. This interceptor sewer is the 
``spine'' of the community's wastewater system. When an interceptor of 
this scale fails--as it has for years in Cahokia Heights--the entire 
system backs up into streets, yards, and homes. This project was made 
possible specifically because of the increased authorizations we 
secured in the 2024 WRDA.
    Additionally, I partnered with Senator Durbin to secure $500,000 to 
begin the first phase of the General Reevaluation Report for East St. 
Louis and Vicinity. This study is the roadmap we need to accurately 
chart our path toward total infrastructure renewal across the Metro 
East. The General Reevaluation Report was specifically authorized and 
expedited in WRDA 2024.
    While we have made significant strides, our work in the Metro East 
is far from finished. Just last week, the Associated Press documented 
the ongoing crisis in Cahokia Heights, where persistent stormwater and 
sewer backups have ``buckled floors, cracked walls and destroyed 
belongings'' in homes. Beyond the property damage, residents of the 
community face the public health risks of living with raw sewage and 
untreated runoff in their own homes.
    At the same time, we are seeing the Administration pull back on 
promises that were made by the federal government to our most 
vulnerable communities. It is more important than ever for Congress and 
this Committee to honor our responsibility to these communities. As we 
move forward, I am committed to continuing to unify federal, state, and 
local partners to ensure that the people of the Metro East are no 
longer left behind.
    Thank you again for your commitment to developing a strong, 
bipartisan WRDA in 2026, and I appreciate the opportunity to testify 
before you today. I look forward to continuing our work together on 
these important issues, and I stand ready to work alongside the 
Committee, the Army Corps, and the local communities I represent to 
ensure we continue on a strong path forward. Please do not hesitate to 
contact me or my staff with any questions or concerns.

    Mr. Graves. Thank you.
    Representative Ramirez.

    TESTIMONY OF HON. DELIA C. RAMIREZ, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
              CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS

    Mrs. Ramirez. Thank you, Chair Graves and Ranking Member 
Larsen, for convening today's Member hearing day.
    I grew up in the Humboldt Park community of Chicago, where 
I witnessed the struggles of the community, especially among 
Latino and Black residents, to secure stable housing, access to 
reliable transportation, engage essential services, and raise a 
family with the rising cost of living. It was actually in my 
community that I first understood the power of infrastructure 
to shape our lived experiences positively, and when we don't 
invest in it, negatively. You see, I know that investing in our 
infrastructure is an investment in the safety and well-being of 
our communities and the economic development of our region and 
the thriving futures of our families.
    To give you a couple of positive examples, we know just how 
essential public transportation is in our districts. In 
Illinois 3, public transit connects residents to high-quality 
jobs, public amenities, and local businesses from DuPage County 
to downtown Chicago and beyond. When public transportation 
provides reliable, affordable, and accessible service, the 
benefits go beyond economic development and opportunity. We can 
achieve cleaner environments, better family health outcomes, 
and safer communities.
    This is why I am proud to have secured $8 million in 
Federal funds from the Department of Transportation's Rail 
Crossing Elimination Program to support the separation of train 
traffic from pedestrians and cars in the Franklin Park 
community in my district, a project that will improve the 
safety and mobility for local residents in my district.
    When we invest in public transportation, Chairman, we have 
the opportunity to strengthen green, resilient infrastructure 
and expand choice and equity in transportation systems. And 
yet, despite concrete evidence of the benefits of our 
investment in communities, the list of critical infrastructure 
projects in Illinois that require our support remains pretty 
extensive.
    We have over 1 million lead water service lines that must 
be replaced to protect the health of Illinois communities; 
400,000 of those are in the city of Chicago alone. Nine percent 
of our bridges, located mainly in rural communities, are in 
dire need of repairs. And my district is desperately in need of 
additional funding to address rail and road security concerns 
to protect our families and our infrastructure.
    Our investments in transportation and infrastructure yield 
manifold benefits. We know this. They provide essential, 
foundational stability that enables our neighbors across the 
Nation to fully engage in the life of their communities. They 
fortify our structural and economic resilience in changing and 
often volatile times. They safeguard our health and well-being 
and prevent disasters and catastrophes that claim precious 
lives. And they also support workforce development across our 
districts.
    That is why today I am just so concerned about the state of 
our infrastructure in our country, particularly in light of 
some of the recent ongoing actions to attack infrastructure 
projects and abandon our most vulnerable communities.
    Tax breaks for billionaires, billions spent on 
criminalizing immigrants, and millions spent on ad campaigns 
that televise agendas instead of investments is not what we 
need. Reckless and irresponsible cuts to transportation and 
infrastructure aren't saving American people money in the long 
run, they are actually taking away from opportunity to be more 
accessible, to make us safer, and to lower cost of living.
    Again, Chairman, infrastructure shapes our lived 
experiences positively and negatively. It shapes the 
possibilities for our families. It shapes economic access. We 
have the responsibility to ensure working people have what they 
need to thrive. And so I urge that we reject the idea that 
transportation and infrastructure programs and investments 
should be subject to partisan games or political retribution. 
Instead, I think we have an opportunity to do the bipartisan 
work to embrace the benefit of community investments that 
protect the possibilities available to districts like mine, our 
districts around the country.
    With that, Chairman, I thank you for your time, and I yield 
back.
    [Mrs. Ramirez's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. Delia C. Ramirez, a Representative in 
                  Congress From the State of Illinois
    Thank you, Chair Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for convening 
today's Member Hearing Day.
    For those of you who don't know me, I'm the daughter of hardworking 
Guatemalan immigrants, Maria Elvira and Luis Ramirez, who sacrificed 
everything to give me a chance at a life they never had.
    I grew up in the Humboldt Park community of Chicago, where I 
witnessed the struggles of my community, especially among Latino and 
Black residents, to secure stable housing, access reliable 
transportation, engage essential services, and raise a family with 
rising costs of living.
    It was in my community that I first understood the power of 
infrastructure to shape our lived experiences, positively and 
negatively.
    You see, I know that investing in our infrastructure is an 
investment in:
      the safety and well-being of our communities,
      the economic development of our region,
      and thriving futures for our families.

    To give you a positive example:
    We know just how essential public transportation is in our 
districts. In IL-03, public transit connects residents to high-quality 
jobs, public amenities, and local businesses, from DuPage County to 
downtown Chicago and beyond. When public transportation provides 
reliable, affordable, and accessible service, the benefits go beyond 
economic development and opportunity. We can achieve cleaner 
environments, better family health outcomes, and safer communities.
    This is why I am proud to have secured $8 million in federal funds 
from the Department of Transportation's Rail Crossing Elimination 
program to support the separation of train traffic from pedestrians and 
cars in the Franklin Park community in my district--a project that will 
improve safety and mobility for local residents in my district.
    When we invest in public transportation, we have the opportunity to 
strengthen green, resilient infrastructure and expand choice and equity 
in our transportation systems.
    And yet, despite concrete evidence of the benefits of investment in 
our communities, the list of critical infrastructure projects in 
Illinois that require our support remains extensive. We have over 1 
million lead water service lines that must be replaced to protect the 
health of Illinois communities--400,000 in the City of Chicago alone. 
Nine percent of our bridges, located mainly in rural communities, are 
in dire need of repairs. And my district is desperately in need of 
additional funding to address rail and road security concerns to 
protect our families, our environment, and our infrastructure.
    Our investments in transportation and infrastructure yield manifold 
benefits:
      They provide essential, foundational stability that 
enables our neighbors across the nation to fully engage in the life of 
their communities.
      They fortify our structural and economic resilience in 
changing and often volatile times.
      They safeguard our health and wellbeing and prevent 
disasters and catastrophes that claim precious lives.
      And they support workforce development across our 
districts.

    That is why I am deeply concerned about the state of infrastructure 
in our country, particularly in light of the recent, ongoing actions of 
the Trump Administration to attack infrastructure projects and abandon 
our most vulnerable communities.
    Tax breaks for billionaires, billions spent on criminalizing 
immigrants, and millions spent on ad campaigns to televise their 
authoritarian agenda are not the investments we need.
    Reckless and irresponsible cuts to transportation and 
infrastructure aren't saving the American people money in the long run, 
aren't making opportunity more accessible, aren't making us safer, and 
aren't lowering our cost of living.
    Again, infrastructure shapes our lived experiences, positively and 
negatively. It shapes the possibilities for our families. It shapes 
economic access. We have the responsibility to ensure working people 
have everything they need to thrive. And so I urge you to reject the 
idea that transportation and infrastructure programs and investments 
should be subject to partisan games, political retribution, or bigoted 
fearmongering.
    Instead, let's embrace the universal benefit of community 
investment and protect the possibilities available to communities and 
districts like mine.
    Thank you, and I yield back.

    Mr. Graves. Representative Kiggans.

  TESTIMONY OF HON. JENNIFER A. KIGGANS, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
           CONGRESS FROM THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

    Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia. Mr. Chair, Ranking Member, and 
members of the committee, thank you for holding this Members 
Day and for the opportunity to raise issues that are inherently 
local to my district and Virginia's Second Congressional 
District down in Hampton Roads, but also national in 
consequence. The work of this committee directly affects 
whether communities can build housing, modernize 
infrastructure, move people safely, and support our national 
defense. I want to highlight several examples from Virginia's 
Second Congressional District that show why Federal policy 
decisions made here matter across the country.
    First I want to address the role of the United States Army 
Corps of Engineers and the continued regulatory uncertainty 
surrounding ``waters of the United States,'' or WOTUS. In my 
district, housing development and critical infrastructure 
projects were significantly delayed under the prior WOTUS rule. 
Although the Supreme Court's decision in the Sackett v. EPA 
case was intended to restore clarity and limit Federal 
jurisdiction, that clarity did not trickle down to the folks on 
the ground.
    Instead, landowners, local governments, and developers in 
my district and across the country experienced continued 
uncertainty, overly broad assertions of Federal authority, 
inconsistent application, and insufficient guidance from 
Federal agencies. The result has been delayed housing, stalled 
infrastructure projects, and increased costs in a region 
already facing housing affordability challenges and workforce 
shortages.
    Permitting requires predictability. When communities cannot 
determine whether a project will trigger Federal jurisdiction, 
projects stall, costs rise, and communities suffer. That is not 
environmental stewardship, it is regulatory paralysis. And this 
challenge is not unique to Virginia. States and localities 
across the country are dealing with the same uncertainty. I 
appreciate that the current administration has been laying the 
groundwork for new rulemaking to update and replace the prior 
WOTUS framework. A rule that faithfully reflects Sackett, 
respects statutory limits, and restores a clear partnership 
with States is essential.
    But Congress' role does not end when a new rule is issued. 
We must ensure that the revised WOTUS rule is implemented 
properly, consistently, and in good faith by the Corps and the 
EPA so that communities can finally receive the certainty they 
have been promised.
    Second, I want to address aviation safety and the air 
traffic control workforce. Virginia's Second Congressional 
District is home to Naval Air Station Oceana, the east coast 
master jet base. As a former naval aviator, I understand 
firsthand how critical safe, reliable airspace operations are, 
not only for commercial aviation, but for military readiness 
and training. Over the course of this Congress, I worked 
alongside my colleagues on the House Armed Services Committee 
to advance legislative efforts focusing on improving airspace 
safety, strengthening coordination between military and 
civilian aviation, and ensuring our aviation infrastructure can 
safely support both readiness and commercial operations.
    I appreciate the committee's work, along with the 
President's call to action to advance a $12.5 billion 
investment through the Working Families Tax Cut to begin 
modernizing aging air traffic control systems and support 
controller staffing and training. However, I was disappointed 
to see that funding specifically dedicated to air traffic 
control tower replacement and improvements was removed prior to 
final passage.
    This past year, I had the privilege to meet with and visit 
the local FAA Norfolk air traffic control tower. I was 
astonished to see the poor conditions of an aging tower that 
our controller workforce currently performed their duties on a 
daily basis, and I respectfully urge the committee to continue 
examining this issue as we move forward, because modernizing 
our air traffic control system, including our towers, and 
supporting the controller workforce is essential to aviation 
safety, economic activity, and national defense.
    Finally, I want to highlight the Coast Guard Parity Act. As 
a Navy veteran, I deeply understand the value and sacrifice of 
military service. Yet today, the Coast Guard remains the only 
branch of our Armed Forces without full parity in separation 
policies. This legislation would ensure that enlisted Coast 
Guard members with 18 or more years of service are not 
involuntarily separated before qualifying for retirement, 
aligning Coast Guard standards with those of every other 
service branch. This strengthens morale, improves readiness and 
retention, and honors long-serving coastguardsmen who perform 
critical missions in maritime safety, border security, and 
disaster response. For coastal districts like mine, this is a 
local issue, but it is also a national issue of fairness and 
readiness.
    Across all these issues--permitting certainty, aviation 
safety, and military parity--the common theme is the importance 
of ensuring that Federal policies work effectively for the 
communities they are intended to serve. I appreciate the 
committee's leadership in these areas, and I look forward to 
continuing to work together to promote certainty, safety, and 
fairness for communities in Virginia and across the Nation.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Jennifer A. Kiggans, a Representative in 
               Congress From the Commonwealth of Virginia
    Chairman, Ranking Member, and Members of the Committee, thank you 
for holding this Member Day and for the opportunity to raise issues 
that are deeply local to my district, but national in consequence.
    The work of the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee 
directly affects whether communities can build housing, modernize 
infrastructure, move people safely, and support our national defense. I 
want to highlight several examples from Virginia's Second Congressional 
District that show why federal policy decisions made here matter across 
the country.
    First, I want to address the role of the United States Army Corps 
of Engineers and the continued regulatory uncertainty surrounding 
Waters of the United States, or WOTUS.
    In my district, housing development and critical infrastructure 
projects were significantly delayed under the prior WOTUS rule. 
Although the Supreme Court's decision in Sackett v. EPA was intended to 
restore clarity and limit federal jurisdiction under the Clean Water 
Act, that clarity did not reach the ground.
    Instead, landowners, local governments, and developers experienced 
continued uncertainty, overly broad assertions of federal authority, 
inconsistent application, and insufficient guidance from federal 
agencies. The result was delayed housing, stalled infrastructure 
projects, and increased costs in a region already facing housing 
affordability challenges and workforce shortages.
    Clean Water Act permitting requires predictability. When regulated 
communities cannot determine whether a project will trigger federal 
jurisdiction, projects stall, costs rise, and communities suffer. That 
is not environmental stewardship, it is regulatory paralysis. And this 
challenge is not unique to Virginia. States and localities across the 
country are dealing with the same uncertainty.
    I appreciate that the current Administration has begun laying the 
groundwork for new rulemaking to update and replace the prior WOTUS 
framework. A rule that faithfully reflects Sackett, respects statutory 
limits, and restores a clear partnership with states is essential.
    But Congress' role does not end when a new rule is issued. We must 
ensure that any revised WOTUS rule is implemented promptly, 
consistently, and in good faith by the Corps and EPA, so that 
communities finally receive the certainty they have been promised.
    Second, I want to address aviation safety and the air traffic 
control workforce.
    Virginia's Second Congressional District is home to Naval Air 
Station Oceana, the Navy's East Coast Master Jet Base. As a former 
naval aviator, I understand firsthand how critical safe, reliable 
airspace operations are, not only for commercial aviation, but for 
military readiness and training.
    Over the course of this Congress, I have worked alongside my 
colleagues on the House Armed Services Committee to advance legislative 
efforts focused on improving airspace safety, strengthening 
coordination between military and civilian aviation, and ensuring our 
aviation infrastructure can safely support both readiness and 
commercial operations.
    I appreciate the Committee's work, along with the President's call 
to action, to advance a $12.5 billion investment through the Working 
Families Tax Cut to begin modernizing aging air traffic control systems 
and support controller staffing and training.
    However, I was disappointed to see that funding specifically 
dedicated to air traffic control tower replacement and improvements was 
removed prior to final passage. This past year I had the privilege to 
meet with and visit the local FAA Norfolk Air Traffic Control Tower. I 
was astonished to see the poor conditions of an aging tower that our 
controller workforce currently perform their duties on a daily basis 
in. I respectfully urge the Committee to continue examining this issue 
as we move forward, because modernizing our air traffic system, 
including our towers, and supporting the controller workforce is 
essential to aviation safety, economic activity, and national defense.
    Finally, I want to highlight the Coast Guard Parity Act.
    As a Navy veteran, I deeply understand the value and sacrifice of 
military service. Yet today, the Coast Guard remains the only branch of 
our Armed Forces without full parity in separation policies.
    This legislation would ensure that enlisted Coast Guard members 
with 18 or more years of service are not involuntarily separated before 
qualifying for retirement, aligning Coast Guard standards with those of 
every other service branch.
    This strengthens morale, improves retention, and honors long-
serving Coast Guardsmen who perform critical missions in maritime 
safety, border security, and disaster response. For coastal districts 
like mine, this is a local issue, but it is also a national issue of 
fairness and readiness.
    Across all of these issues, permitting certainty, aviation safety, 
and military parity, the common theme is the importance of ensuring 
that federal policies work effectively for the communities they are 
intended to serve.
    I appreciate the Committee's leadership in these areas and look 
forward to continuing to work together to promote certainty, safety, 
and fairness for communities in Virginia and across the nation.

    Mr. Graves. Thank you.
    Representative Costa.

TESTIMONY OF HON. JIM COSTA, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                    THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

    Mr. Costa. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman and Ranking 
Member, for holding this Members Day meeting. I think it is 
important. Members truly, I think, have a better idea about 
best investments for infrastructure in their district.
    I would like unanimous consent to submit a memo that I 
addressed to the committee reflecting the priorities for my 
congressional district in the San Joaquin Valley, as well as a 
separate letter that I sent to the chair and the ranking member 
involving air traffic control towers.
    Mr. Graves. Without objection.
    [Mr. Costa's memo (prepared statement) and air traffic 
control tower letter follow this oral testimony.]
    Mr. Costa. All right. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I 
want to confine my comments to a couple of areas in 
infrastructure, water, and transportation. And under the 
jurisdiction of this committee, obviously, there are important 
opportunities to, in fact, improve the qualities from a grade C 
to hopefully someday a B and an A, as the ranking member 
alluded to, in terms of the fact that we all believe that 
investments in America's infrastructure are the best 
investments that we can possibly make for long-term economic 
benefits.
    On the transportation area, I would like to focus on State 
Route 152 as a component project, not only for transportation, 
but also for water. Funding the improvement of the 152 will 
allow us to increase the reservoir, San Luis Reservoir, B.F. 
Sisk, to an additional 130,000 acre-feet. That would be 
important in terms of water supply for the people of California 
and the people of the valley.
    In addition to that, I support additional efforts to ensure 
that we reauthorize the RIDE FAST Act, which reauthorizes the 
Intercity Passenger Rail Grant Program to fund construction for 
ready projects that involve intercity rail service around the 
country, whether it is on the east coast, the west coast, or 
somewhere in between.
    Let me also then focus on the WRDA funding, with one 
exception here.
    Let me walk back here to the air traffic control tower. As 
this committee knows, there are two kinds of control towers in 
this country: those owned by the FAA and those owned by usually 
municipalities or airport districts. I have a air control tower 
in our district that not only supports commercial aviation, but 
the Air National Guard unit of the 144th. The air traffic 
controllers tell me that we should donate this to the 
Smithsonian Museum, because it is a part of air transportation 
of the 1950s. But the fact is, we need to make the improvements 
for the TRACON system and air traffic control that are over 50 
years old. So I would like to have the committee focus on the 
prioritization for non-FAA-owned air traffic control towers so 
that we can move those along. And I am not the only one in this 
category.
    Let me now move over to WRDA projects. We talked about 
increasing storage for water systems in California. Pine Flat 
Dam spillway, if we are able to raise that by 12 feet, would 
increase 120,000 acre-feet of storage capacity. The approval of 
this WRDA project on the list, I think, has a great deal of 
merit. The Redbank and Fancher Creek projects would advance 
managed aquifer recharge. This not only reduces flood risks for 
downstream communities, but also provides us to recharge our 
underground aquifer.
    Similar, with a project on raising Buchanan Dam, that will 
also provide up to 50,000 acre-feet of recharge for an area 
that we need to focus on.
    And in addition to that, we have an updated water control 
manual for Terminus Dam, which was last updated in 2005. When 
we update these manuals, we increase the ability to manage 
flood control risk, as well as actually water supply, all 
important goals as we look at the water needs of the people of 
the San Joaquin Valley. As we say, where water flows, food 
grows, and this is a part of an effort to increase our water 
supply and our flexibility with a lot of other challenges that 
we face there.
    So the important effort in terms of investing in our 
infrastructure and water for the long-term needs, as well as 
our transportation needs, whether they be air, rail, or simply 
providing more money to increase the efficiency and the 
effectiveness of moving goods and services throughout our 
congressional districts, I think, are what we are all here 
about, and I think there is strong bipartisan support for.
    I yield back the balance of my time, and I thank the 
committee, and will continue to work with both staffs, minority 
and majority staff, to hopefully be successful. Thank you.
    [Mr. Costa's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Jim Costa, a Representative in Congress From 
                        the State of California
    Good morning, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, thank you 
for holding this important Member's Day Hearing and providing me the 
opportunity to share the transportation and infrastructure priorities 
of California's San Joaquin Valley for 2026 and for the Water Resources 
Development Act (WRDA) of 2026. It is critical we continue to work in a 
bipartisan fashion to address our nation's infrastructure needs.
                                Aviation
    As the Committee considers aviation priorities this year, I urge 
consideration of the modernization needs of international airports with 
air traffic control towers not owned by the Federal Aviation 
Administration. The Fresno Yosemite International Airport (FAT) is a 
critical airport for the State of California and the nation, including 
by connecting people the world to California's crown jewel, Yosemite 
National Park. The airport is experiencing record air traffic and 
passenger growth, in addition to serving as the base for the 144th 
Fighter Wing of the California Air National Guard. FAT's TRACON system 
and air traffic control tower are over 30 years old--beyond their 
useful life--and is in desperate need of improvements to ensure safe 
and efficient operation of the airspace. As the committee considers 
aviation priorities, I urge prioritization of policy changes that 
enable airports like FAT to access federal resources for air traffic 
control tower modernization and replacement.
                        Sustainable Rail Service
    Rail safety and service are critical as we continue to ensure a 
safe, reliable system for the movement of our people and goods. The 
Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail Grant Program is 
a critical program that funds projects nationwide that are construction 
ready and increase produce rail and transit service. My bill, the RIDE 
FAST Act, would reauthorize this critical program to ensure investments 
in passenger rail are made. It is imperative our passenger AND freight 
rail systems are both addressed. Our nation must have both a safe and 
reliable rail system for the movement of goods and people.
                             Supply Chains
    Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic have demonstrated our 
nation must prioritize and enhance supply chain resiliency. As I have 
always said, food is a national security issue, and when our food 
supply chain is threatened, we must act. As the Committee considers 
supply chain priorities, I urge the committee to prioritize 
legislation, such as the SHIP IT Act, that enhances supply chain 
efficiencies. This bill would help improve our trucking system by 
enhancing the recruitment and retention of our trucking workforce, 
streamlining the Commercial Driver's License process, incentivizing new 
truck drivers to enter the workforce through targeted and temporary tax 
credits, and allowing a modest increase in the Gross Vehicle Weight 
limit. These provisions would ensure the supply chain is able to 
withstand disruptions and improve the flow of goods across the United 
States.
                   State Route 152 and B.F. Sisk Dam
    As the Committee considers the Surface Transportation 
Reauthorization, I urge support for language that prioritizes multi-use 
federal infrastructure that benefits both increasing water resources 
and the reduction of transportation bottlenecks. This language would 
help expedite California's State Route 152 improvements--a component of 
the project to expand B.F. Sisk Reservoir. I, along with several 
bipartisan members of the California Delegation, recently submitted 
language to direct the Department of Transportation to partner and 
coordinate with other federal agencies to cover the transportation 
aspects of federally supported projects with transportation formula 
funds. This language would clarify that California State agencies can 
and should provide funds to raise SR-152 to accommodate the raised 
water level in B.F. Sisk Dam. I urge the Committee to support such 
language to enhance transportation and water resources in the San 
Joaquin Valley.
             Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 2026
    As the Committee works through the development of WRDA 2026, I urge 
collaboration with the Army Corps of Engineers to formulate requests 
that help to expedite and implement existing projects in a timely 
manner.
    Pine Flat Dam has been operating since 1954 with a capacity of 1 
million acre-feet of water. While the dam was originally created with 
flood control as its main objective, the boom-and-bust cycle of rain 
and snowfall in California has necessitated increasing the tools in our 
water toolbox and thus has led to the current proposal to raise Pine 
Flat Dam. Since its authorization in WRDA 2022, incremental progress 
has been made on the proposal to raise the dam's spillway by 12 feet, 
creating an additional 120,000 acre-feet of storage. I urge the 
Committee and the Corps to work in tandem to implement Sec. 1203(a)(10) 
of WRDA 2024, as well as explore additional options to continue to 
expedite the feasibility study associated with the raise. This critical 
project will help to reduce flooding risks, as well as fortify a 
reliable water supply for local communities.
    Historic drought throughout California has led to the over-drafting 
of critical aquifers, causing subsidence which in turn reduces the 
water table and negatively impacts the reliability of water deliveries. 
Prolonged drought, which has often been followed by excessive 
precipitation, has demonstrated the need to not only reduce the risk of 
flooding, but to conserve water for future use. The Redbank and Fancher 
Creek Project have been engaging with the Corps to advance Managed 
Aquifer Recharge following the passage of Sec. 8108(b) in WRDA 2022 to 
advance a reliable water supply, while also reducing flooding risks for 
downstream communities, in addition to farmers, ranchers, and dairymen 
and women. I urge the Committee to support efforts to expediate the 
feasibility study associated with this project.
    In Sec. 1203 of WRDA 2024, the Committee added multiple projects, 
including the Pine Flat Dam Raise, to its list of projects that, if 
justified, should be slated for ``Expedited Completion''. I urge the 
Committee to do the same for the Chowchilla Community Water Resiliency 
Project, which consists of the raise, increase, and reoperation of the 
Buchanan Dam. Raising Buchanan Dam will create up to 50,000 acre-feet 
of additional storage, and will be used for beneficial downstream uses, 
including direct and indirect groundwater recharge.
    Finally, I urge the committee to support efforts by the Kaweah 
Delta Water Conservation District to initiate an update of the water 
control manual for Terminus Dam. The current manual does not reflect 
today's weather patterns, local water needs, or the operational 
capacity. The most recent update occurred in 2005, and continuing to 
operate under an outdated manual limits the ability to manage both 
flood risk and water supply effectively. Thus, I urge the Committee to 
include language that expedites the studies associated with the update 
to the Terminus Dam water control manual.
    It is critical we continue to work in a bipartisan fashion towards 
addressing our nation's infrastructure needs. I look forward to working 
with the committee and colleagues on shared goals such as protecting 
our supply chains, building a sustainable rail and aviation system, and 
enhancing our water infrastructure. Thank you, again, for the 
opportunity to share these priorities on behalf of California's 21st 
District.

                                 
Letter of December 1, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and Hon. Rick 
Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 
    from Hon. Jim Costa and Hon. Pete Stauber, Members of Congress, 
               Submitted for the Record by Hon. Jim Costa
                                                  December 1, 2025.
The Honorable Sam Graves,
Chair,
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, Washington, DC 20515.
The Honorable Rick Larsen,
Ranking Member,
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, U.S. House of 
        Representatives, Washington, DC 20515.
    Dear Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen:
    As the committee works diligently to craft a surface transportation 
reauthorization bill this year, we urge you to consider moving an 
additional package to modernize air traffic control towers across our 
nation. For far too long, air traffic control towers have been 
overlooked and are in desperate need of repair, and even total 
reconstruction. Air traffic control towers are key to our national 
security, and major airports in our districts serve as a hubs for 
civilian, national guard, and military travel. The committee has a 
unique opportunity to make a once-in-a-lifetime investment and 
guarantee the safety of our skies for future generations.
    The Government Accountability Office in September 2024 put forth a 
report titled ``Air Traffic Control: FAA Actions Are Urgently Needed to 
Modernize Aging Systems,'' and the second sentence stated: ``Last year, 
FAA determined that 51 of its 138 systems are unsustainable, citing 
outdated functionality, a lack of spare parts, and more.'' Further, the 
report states, ``Over half of these unsustainable systems are 
especially concerning, but FAA has been slow to modernize.'' \1\ It is 
critical to ensure the most at-risk systems are being prioritized to 
ensure the safety of the National Airspace System, including locally 
owned, FAA-operated towers.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Government Accountability Office, Air Traffic Control: FAA 
Actions Are Urgently Needed to Modernize Aging Systems, (Washington DC: 
GAO, 2024). https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-107001
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The confusion over funding mechanisms for federal, contract, and 
locally owned towers remains a barrier to local communities ensuring 
the safety of their air traffic. Locally owned towers have not 
previously qualified for federal funding until the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act's (IIJA) Airport Terminal Program. This program 
presented a unique five-year opportunity for locally owned towers to 
compete for funding. The demand for this program has far exceeded its 
capacity.
    As you continue to negotiate bipartisan legislative packages to 
address the nation's infrastructure needs, we respectfully request your 
full consideration of an air traffic control modernization package. We 
also request a comprehensive review of the IIJA's Airport Terminal 
Program and the inclusion of a similar program or funding mechanism for 
locally owned towers in this package. We look forward to continuing to 
work with you in a bipartisan fashion on this matter.
            Sincerely,
Jim Costa,
  Member of Congress.
Pete Stauber,
  Member of Congress.

    Mr. Taylor [presiding]. We will now hear from 
Representative Moore.

TESTIMONY OF HON. TIM MOORE, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                  THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

    Mr. Moore of North Carolina. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, 
Ranking Member. Good to see you all this morning. And I want to 
echo the comments made by my colleagues, really. Thank you all 
for taking time to hear from nonmembers of the committee about 
these needs that we have around the country.
    I represent the 14th District in western North Carolina. 
Our region was one of the areas that was significantly impacted 
by Hurricane Helene back in 2024. A little bit of good news we 
just got out of the White House just a little bit ago is that 
today, $34.7 million has been released to deal with the DOT for 
bridge repair, fixing a lot of that that was destroyed. So that 
is some really great news that we are celebrating today to help 
us recover in that.
    My district, like so much of the United States, is a fast-
growing area, which is indeed a blessing. But also with that 
come challenges, and transportation and infrastructure are one 
of those key things. You have to have water, sewer, roads. I 
can tell you that our State has invested billions and billions 
of dollars to make sure that we are doing all that we can as a 
State to keep up with this growth, to expand it, and I 
appreciate this administration, I appreciate this Congress, Mr. 
Chairman, for continuing those efforts to make sure that 
Federal funds are coming to North Carolina and the other 49 
States to ensure that we continue to have a growing, strong 
economy, and we have the infrastructure to support it.
    One of the first things that I did when I came into office 
this last year was to file a bill to designate this stretch of 
U.S. 74 as a future interstate. Now, there are a lot of things 
that come before this committee that cost money. This one 
doesn't cost much. This is basically a designation of some road 
signs. Chairman Taylor, you and I could probably go out there 
one weekend, rent some equipment, and put these signs up if we 
need to. I mean, it is that cheap. We probably couldn't do it 
as well as the other guys, but that is what we are talking 
about.
    [Chart.]
    Mr. Moore of North Carolina. So I have a map right here, 
because I am not going to assume that everybody here knows 
where Kings Mountain, North Carolina, is. That's my hometown. 
But we are talking about a stretch off of Interstate 85 as it 
crosses into South Carolina of U.S. Highway 74 that goes all 
the way around the city of Kings Mountain. It goes all the way 
over to a town called Columbus in Polk County. And so this is 
up in the mountains of North Carolina as you get here, and it 
ties back into Interstate 26.
    Right now, this road is not designated as an interstate, 
even though most of it is built to interstate standards. There 
are a few portions that need to be finished. There is about a 
4-mile stretch right here that you can see in Cleveland County 
known as the Shelby Bypass that is presently under 
construction. And then there is a stretch right here around the 
town of Lattimore, which is about probably 3 or 4 miles, as 
well, that has to be finished up, it just has to have 
controlled access. It is already four lanes.
    But the reason this needs to be designated as an interstate 
is principally for economic development purposes and, really, 
to give better information to the motoring public, because this 
is, by all accounts, there and there, interstate quality. Why 
this is important? We have one county right here, Rutherford 
County. When they have site selection or other companies that 
are looking to locate there, they want to know how close are 
you to an interstate. Well, there is not a single interstate 
that shows up through that county. But as you can see, there is 
an interstate-quality road. Same as you get over into Polk 
County.
    So for little to no funds, this Congress can designate this 
as a future interstate, which would allow it to show up on your 
map functions and all that as essentially an interstate. It 
helps these rural communities, which are always trying to 
recruit more and more industry, and to have that advantage 
where the folks realize when they locate a business that there 
is actually access to an interstate road.
    And so we don't care what number you put on it. We don't 
care what it is called. But we have asked that Congress change 
the law to designate this as a future interstate. And then, of 
course, once this little piece there and this little piece 
there are finished, which should be in the next couple of 
years, fully as an interstate at that point, as a spur or 
however they are designated. It may seem like a trivial matter 
in the big scheme of things, of the things that we in Congress 
deal with, but I promise you in our region of the State, this 
is a big deal because it will open this area up to a tremendous 
amount of additional economic development. My understanding is 
that is going to be included in a provision that is going 
through, and I wanted you to see exactly what I was talking 
about. And I thank you in advance, this committee's work on 
that.
    And I will just say, moving forward, western North Carolina 
does continue to recover from Hurricane Helene. This was an 
absolutely just generational disaster that I hope we never see 
repeated. But our communities are resilient, our folks are 
working hard, and I appreciate the efforts of this 
administration and this Congress to help western North Carolina 
as we rebuild, and I appreciate the great work of this 
committee to help further that as well.
    And with that, Mr. Chairman, I yield back.
    [Mr. Moore of North Carolina's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Tim Moore, a Representative in Congress From 
                      the State of North Carolina
    Mr. Chairman, I'm here today because my constituents are facing 
daily infrastructure challenges that can be remedied by this committee. 
From overdue highway upgrades to further Helene Recovery efforts, 
Western North Carolina needs more investment and federal support to 
keep our communities connected.
    That's why the very first bill I introduced when I came to Congress 
last year would designate U.S. Route 74 from in Columbus, North 
Carolina, to Kings Mountain, as a future interstate.
    Kings Mountain is my hometown--I've traveled U.S. 74 more times 
than I could even begin to count, and I know my constituents in 
Cleveland and Rutherford Counties could say the same. People use it to 
get to work and to school, it's essential for commerce, emergency 
services, and daily life.
    Despite how important this road is, it's been overlooked for far 
too long. Traffic and safety concerns keep growing, but the investment 
and modernization just haven't followed.
    That's the problem we ran into in Shelby years ago--the old route 
sent heavy traffic straight through town, slowing everything down and 
creating real safety issues for drivers and pedestrians.
    When I was Speaker of the North Carolina House, we got to work on 
the Shelby Bypass to fix that. So now, we've got a safer, faster route 
that's already making a real difference for folks in Cleveland County. 
Traffic flows better, and it's helped take pressure off downtown 
Shelby.
    But that's just one stretch. Designating U.S. 74 as a future 
interstate allows us to keep building on that progress and bring this 
entire corridor up to the standard that my constituents deserve.
    We need to take this next step unlock those new economic 
opportunities across Polk, Rutherford, Cleveland, and Gaston counties.
    Right now, Rutherford County does not have an interstate within its 
county lines, which has limited its ability to attract manufacturing 
and commercial investment.
    My bill would help change that and provide an essential east-west 
connection linking Asheville to Charlotte.
    The bill is fully supported by the North Carolina Department of 
Transportation, and the future interstate designation will allow NC DOT 
to place signs along the corridor and ensure the road meets interstate 
standards.
    This is a long-needed designation for Western North Carolina that I 
hope the Committee can include in the Surface Transportation 
Reauthorization package.
    Mr. Chairman, while improving U.S. 74 will help us build for the 
future, we can't ignore what folks in Western North Carolina are still 
dealing with in the aftermath of Hurricane Helene.
    I've visited our communities in Lake Lure and Chimney Rock--these 
families and business owners are still picking up the pieces. They've 
come a long way, but roads and bridges are still gone. There's still 
critical infrastructure to be rebuilt.
    In the immediate aftermath of this tragedy, the Biden 
administration's FEMA failed Western North Carolinians. I'll never 
forget a phone call I received during my very first week in office. A 
young mother with four children told my staff her FEMA hotel voucher 
had expired, and she didn't know if her family would have a place to 
sleep that night in freezing temperatures.
    She had done everything right. She called FEMA asking for an 
extension, but was told they couldn't make a decision because they 
didn't have the staff to conduct a home inspection to confirm her house 
was still uninhabitable. My team stepped in and made the calls 
necessary to make sure her family wasn't put out in the cold.
    But the truth is, that story wasn't unique. Under the Biden 
administration, too many North Carolinians who lost everything fell 
through the cracks, while at the same time, they were funneling over a 
billion dollars into housing and transportation for illegal migrants.
    That's a complete betrayal of Western North Carolina and FEMA's 
core mission.
    Since coming to Congress, I've made it a priority to change that. 
I'm proud to work with this administration to not only get Hurricane 
Helene victims the support they deserve but ensure this never happens 
again.
    I look forward to working with this committee--Republicans and 
Democrats--to get recovery efforts that still need attention back on 
track, and reform how FEMA responds in the immediate aftermath of a 
disaster.
    Our federal government can and must do better, and I'm ready to 
work with you to make sure it does.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.

    Mr. Taylor. Thank you, Representative Moore. Next we will 
hear from Representative Tlaib.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. RASHIDA TLAIB, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF MICHIGAN

    Ms. Tlaib. Yes, thank you so much, Chairman Taylor and 
Ranking Member Larsen, for this opportunity. It is so 
incredibly important to always bring our districts into this 
work, and so I appreciate again your ability to accept this 
testimony and request for help.
    We all know there is no safe level of lead exposure. 
Millions of Americans across our Nation are still drinking 
water with significant lead levels, and our children are 
particularly vulnerable. Our State and local governments do not 
have the resources and capacity to address this lead crisis 
without significant Federal support.
    Our work to rapidly replace every lead service line in 
America is reaching a critical moment. Updated estimates put 
the total cost of full lead service line replacement at nearly 
$75 billion. And while we have some progress, at least $60 
billion more is urgently needed to finish the job. But instead 
of surging funds, congressional appropriations actually just 
cut $125 million in lead service line replacement funding in 
the interior appropriations package recently. This, of course, 
is an insult to so many of us that have been, again, trying to 
sound the alarms about the access to clean water and the 
importance of it.
    Of course, you all know I founded the Get the Lead Out 
Caucus, where I had 65 Members in 2025 that all supported, 
again, not only lead service line removal, but doubling the 
previous year's support. So I am asking again for us to really, 
truly move in bipartisan support. Everyone deserves access to 
clean water.
    Next, Mr. Chair and Ranking Member, we all know the Low-
Income Household Water Assistance Program, LIHWAP, created in 
2021, was a lifeline for many of our families that kept water 
flowing during the worst of the pandemic. But its funding has 
run out, and families face increasingly unaffordable water 
bills and have few places to turn for help. The cost of water, 
we know, has continued to increase.
    We have Federal assistance, as you both know, for gas and 
electricity, but no permanent program for water. Our families 
can't live without access to water. I still remember a couple 
in their seventies using a recycled white bucket, putting snow 
in it to melt so they can use it to flush their toilet. We know 
millions of neighbors across our Nation, again, who are facing 
water shutoffs simply because they just cannot afford their 
rising bills. Safe, accessible, and affordable drinking water 
is essential to our public health, and many water utilities 
cannot afford to maintain this infrastructure without the 
Federal assistance.
    Next, Mr. Chair and Ranking Member, in 2024, after years of 
lobbying, including ghostwritten letters of support from 
lawmakers accepting campaign donations, the State of Michigan, 
unfortunately, with the Ambassador Bridge in Detroit--I don't 
know if all of you know, it is privately owned, it is one of 
the most critical trade corridors in the Nation. But what folks 
don't realize is the State of Michigan regrettably made a 
decision to loosen restrictions on hazmat transportation across 
the bridge over community objections in both Detroit and 
Windsor, Ontario. In the aftermath of the East Palestine, Ohio, 
rail disaster, there is rightfully a lot of community concern 
about loosening those restrictions.
    What I am asking the committee is to please look at Federal 
agencies in charge of enforcing hazardous materials regulation, 
which include Customs and Border Patrol and PHMSA. Lack of 
resources of aggressive enforcement that safeguards our public 
health, again, I think, is a disregard to the community's 
concern. So I encourage the committee to support the highest 
possible funding for PHMSA's hazardous materials field 
operations so that it can provide proper and timely compliance 
inspections on Ambassador Bridge and others like it. Please 
know that one of my residents said there is always enforcement 
for people, but not companies, so let's try to change that.
    Next, Mr. Chair, I would like to talk about the fact that 
Detroit Metro Airport desperately needs us to support the 
highest level of funding for Federal Aviation Administration's 
Airport Noise Compatibility Planning, referred to as part 150. 
I know you have heard it. You have heard it from your residents 
if you have an airport. So I know that there are Republicans 
and Democrats and Independents and others who have heard. So 
why not come together and do a robust funding for part 150 to 
allow not only Detroit Metro and airports like it across the 
country to really update their noise mitigation plans more 
frequently to adjust to changing weather patterns, as we know, 
airline trends, and in Detroit Metro's case, the Cleveland/
Detroit Metroplex project. We need again an updated noise 
mitigation plan, and we need some support for that. Again, we 
know this will in turn protect our residents from pollution and 
any disruptions to everyday lives, and again, also help local 
governments respond to the residents' concerns.
    With that, Mr. Chair, Ranking Member, thank you so much for 
listening to the concerns of my constituents.
    [Ms. Tlaib's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Rashida Tlaib, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Michigan
    Dear Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen,
    Thank you for the opportunity to share written testimony regarding 
my priorities within the Committee's jurisdiction for the 119th 
Congress.
   Lead Service Line Replacement and Support for Water Infrastructure
    There is no safe level of lead exposure. Millions of Americans are 
still drinking water with significant lead levels, and our children are 
particularly vulnerable. Our state and local governments do not have 
the resources and capacity to address this lead crisis without 
significant federal support.
    Our work to rapidly replace every lead service line in America is 
reaching a critical moment. Updated estimates put the total cost of 
full lead service line replacement near $75 billion, and while we have 
made some progress, at least $60 billion more is urgently needed to 
finish the job. But instead of surging funding, Congressional 
appropriators actually just cut $125 million in lead service line 
replacement funding in the Interior appropriations package. This is an 
insult to every one of our communities struggling for access to clean 
water.
    In 2025, 65 Members signed onto a letter led by the Get The Lead 
Out Caucus supporting funding for lead service line removal, more than 
doubling the previous years' support. There is broad, bipartisan 
support throughout Congress for getting the lead out of our drinking 
water systems, and the time to act is now.
    Moreover, the benefits of removing lead pipes and reducing lead 
levels in tap water significantly exceed the costs. These benefits 
include protecting about a million infants from low birthweight-related 
complications, preventing thousands of children from suffering from 
ADHD, and avoiding 1,500 fatal heart attacks. Reducing lead levels in 
tap water also will reduce the damage to Americans' kidneys and immune, 
reproductive, and nervous systems.
    Lastly, the fight to eliminate lead in drinking water is directly 
related to the worsening condition of our water infrastructure. The 
EPA's water funding programs are set to expire this September. Without 
continuing to fully fund and invest in our federal water infrastructure 
programs, we cannot win the fight against poisonous drinking water.
    I urge the Committee to make lead service line replacement one of 
its highest priorities for 2026 and reauthorize and fund federal water 
infrastructure programs at levels exceeding IIJA funding.
                          Water Affordability
    The Low-Income Household Water Assistance Program (LIHWAP) created 
in 2021 was a lifeline for families that kept water flowing during the 
worst of the pandemic, but its funding has run out and families facing 
increasingly unaffordable water bills have few places to turn for help.
    We have a federal assistance program for gas and electricity, but 
no permanent program for water. Our families can't live without access 
to water. Millions of our neighbors across the country have their water 
shut off simply because they cannot afford their rising bills. Safe, 
accessible, and affordable drinking water is essential to public 
health, and many water utilities cannot afford to maintain their 
infrastructure.
    The federal government must rapidly increase water assistance to 
households and public water utilities so that every low-income 
household has the safe, reliable water they need to live and thrive. 
Thousands of my Michigan families depend on water assistance, and 
thousands more are still waiting for help, as available support falls 
well short of the need. I will soon reintroduce my Half Century Update 
for Water Access and Affordability Act (H.R. 10150 in 118th Congress) 
to create a permanent low-income water assistance program.
    I look forward to working with the Committee to advance water 
affordability assistance legislation in 2026 and beyond.
                 PHMSA Hazardous Materials Enforcement
    In the aftermath of the East Palestine, Ohio rail disaster, there 
is rightfully more focus than ever on the transportation of hazardous 
materials through our communities.
    In Detroit, the 94-year-old Ambassador Bridge spans the Detroit 
River and connects the U.S. to Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Over 20% of 
trade travels over the crossing, which is located upstream of municipal 
drinking water intakes. The bridge is privately owned by the Detroit 
International Bridge Company, which has a long history of illegal 
activity and disregard for safety rules and regulations. The long-time 
owner was even jailed and held in contempt for not following court 
orders.
    In 2024, after years of lobbying, including ghost-written letters 
of support from lawmakers who accepted campaign donations, the State of 
Michigan made the regrettable decision to loosen restrictions on hazmat 
transportation across the Bridge over community objections in both 
Detroit and Windsor, Ontario. The bridge is too old, too narrow, and 
lacks proper firefighting and other hazard mitigations. Furthermore, 
with the impending opening of the new, state-of-the-art Gordie Howe 
International Bridge, the Ambassador Bridge is now functionally 
obsolete.
    The federal agencies in charge of enforcing hazardous materials 
regulations--which include Customs and Border Patrol and PHMSA--lack 
the resources for aggressive enforcement that safeguards public health. 
I encourage the Committee to support the highest possible funding for 
PHMSA's Hazardous Materials Field Operations so that it can provide 
proper and timely compliance inspections on the Ambassador Bridge and 
others like it.
               Line 5 and PHMSA Pipeline Field Operations
    Michigan is home to numerous oil and natural gas pipelines and has 
already suffered one of the worst inland oil spills in our nation's 
history when the Canadian oil company Enbridge's Line 6B dumped a 
million gallons of heavy crude oil into the Kalamazoo River. As 
Enbridge continues to operate its Line 5 pipeline through the Straits 
of Mackinac in the Great Lakes, despite fierce political and legal 
opposition from State and Tribal officials, the importance of pipeline 
inspections and enforcement cannot be overstated. I urge the Committee 
to support the highest possible level of funding for PHMSA's Pipeline 
Field Operations to help safeguard the Great Lakes for generations to 
come. Moreover, I urge the Committee to reject any support for the Line 
5 pipeline or the Line 5 tunnel project.
                          FAA Noise Mitigation
    Michigan's 12th District is home to many communities within close 
proximity to the Detroit Metropolitan Airport (DTW), and many of our 
residents are burdened by the air and noise pollution that comes with 
living under flight paths. I encourage the Committee to support the 
highest possible level of funding for the Federal Aviation 
Administration's Airport Noise Compatibility Planning, referred to as 
Part 150. Robust funding for Part 150 will allow DTW and airports like 
it across the country to update their noise mitigation plans more 
frequently to adjust to changing weather patterns, airline trends, and 
in DTW's case, the Cleveland/Detroit Metroplex Project. This in turn 
will better protect our residents from pollution and disruptions to 
their everyday lives and will help local governments respond to 
resident concerns.
                           Pedestrian Safety
    I also encourage the Committee to continue support for the Safe 
Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) Grant Program, which funds regional, 
local, and Tribal initiatives through grants to prevent roadway 
fatalities and serious injuries. Our district has suffered far too many 
roadway and pedestrian casualties, and our local governments need more 
support designing better roadways and pedestrian infrastructure to keep 
us all safe.
                        Federal Highway Buffers
    Many of my residents live within a few hundred feet of major 
federal highways and experience elevated rates of significant health 
problems due to increased air pollution exposure. Sound walls, cut 
sections, and roadside vegetation can all help reduce exposure to air 
pollutants that harm our communities. I urge the Committee to support 
funding for green buffers and other means of reducing residents' 
exposure to transportation-related air pollutants, especially in 
environmental justice communities.
    Thank you for your consideration of these important priorities for 
the 12th district and all of Michigan.

    Mr. Taylor. Thank you, Representative Tlaib. We will now 
hear from Representative Moylan.

TESTIMONY OF HON. JAMES C. MOYLAN, A DELEGATE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                     THE TERRITORY OF GUAM

    Mr. Moylan. Chairman Taylor and Ranking Member Larsen, 
thank you for having me today to talk about two critical issues 
that impact my constituents from Guam.
    Affordability is at the top of my agenda here in Congress, 
and I have two measures of great concern. And when I talk about 
them, for example, the Jones Act exemption and also air 
cabotage exemption, there is a perception that I do not want to 
protect American industries, and that is not the case.
    So first let's discuss air cabotage. It greatly impacts 
Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. This 
is a big problem. Our residents, our military servicemembers, 
and their families all feel the financial strain. It is 
extremely expensive. It costs several thousands of dollars for 
us to travel to the mainland. And this has been going on for 
quite a long time. And with our military buildup and the 
families that are coming on over, they are going to feel the 
impact as well.
    There was a time when Guam hosted multiple American 
airlines. Competition kept prices down and ultimately gave 
consumers flexibility. Unfortunately, that is not the case 
today. The reality of our market does not allow that to happen.
    But there is a solution. Together with my friend from CNMI, 
we introduced H.R. 1536, the Pacific Island Flights 
Alternatives Act, or PIFAA, to allow foreign carriers, foreign 
carriers which are our allies in the Indo-Pacific from Japan, 
South Korea and the Philippines, a limited--a limited--air 
cabotage exemption to help relieve tremendous financial burden 
on our constituents. PIFAA would allow foreign carriers from 
these countries, our allies, for example, to service Guam and 
the CNMI in their international journeys elsewhere in the U.S. 
Allowing this limited exemption would bring competition back to 
our markets and lower prices for consumers.
    The second issue I want to raise with you is the high cost 
of energy in Guam. For a typical consumer on the island, the 
average utility bill ranges from $300 to over $700 monthly. 
Guam's newly constructed Ukudu powerplant has outfitted pipes 
and infrastructure for LNG, but to date still relies on oil 
imports for energy.
    The United States is the largest LNG exporter in the world, 
yet there is not a single American-made vessel that can 
transport LNG. Because of the Jones Act rule for U.S. vessels, 
it is not economically feasible for Hawaii, Guam, or other 
noncontiguous areas to use American LNG.
    There is a solution, and this is why I am co-leading H.R. 
3167, the Noncontiguous Energy Relief and Access Act of 2025, 
with Resident Commissioner Hernandez to open American LNG 
markets to noncontiguous areas of the United States. American 
LNG vessels will not be on the water for another 8 years. We 
cannot afford to wait that long while the military buildup on 
Guam is happening right now.
    Addressing the lack of LNG in Guam should be the starting 
point for tackling a host of shipping challenges caused by the 
Jones Act. Together with Congressman Case of Hawaii, we have 
introduced H.R. 665, the Noncontiguous Shipping Competition 
Act; H.R. 666, the Noncontiguous Shipping Reasonable Rate Act; 
and H.R. 667, the Noncontiguous Shipping Relief Act. This slate 
of bills lowers shipping costs, improves reliability, and makes 
our supply chains resilient.
    Mr. Chairman, Guam has been advocating for these issues for 
years. An increasingly strategic part of the United States, 
Guam needs the resources to grow and develop while ensuring 
affordability is not lost in that effort.
    I want to thank you for your leadership on the committee, 
and I am looking forward to working with you to address these 
critical issues impacting everyday Americans in all corners of 
the United States.
    I yield back.
    [Mr. Moylan's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. James C. Moylan, a Delegate in Congress From 
                         the Territory of Guam
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, thank you for having me 
today to talk about issues that impact my constituents. Affordability 
is at the top of my agenda here in Congress.
    When I talk about the Jones Act and cabotage, there is a perception 
that I do not want to protect American industries. That is not the 
case. Air cabotage is something that impacts Guam and the Commonwealth 
of the Northern Mariana Islands. Our residents, our military 
servicemembers, and their families all feel the financial strain.
    There was a time when Guam hosted multiple American airlines. 
Competition kept prices down and ultimately gave consumers flexibility. 
Unfortunately, that is not the case today. The reality of our market 
does not allow that to happen.
    Together with my friend from the CNMI, we introduced H.R. 1536, the 
Pacific Island Flights Alternatives Act, or PIFAA, to allow foreign 
carriers from Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines a limited air 
cabotage exemption to help relieve the tremendous financial burden on 
our constituents. PIFAA would allow foreign carriers from these 
countries, for example, to service Guam and CNMI in their international 
journeys elsewhere in the U.S. Allowing this limited exemption would 
bring competition back to our markets and lower prices for consumers.
    The second issue I want to raise with you is the high cost of 
energy in Guam. For a typical consumer on the island, the average 
utility bill ranges from $300 to over $700 monthly. Guam's newly 
constructed Ukudu power plant has outfitted pipes and infrastructure 
for LNG, but to date still relies on oil imports for energy.
    The United States is the largest LNG exporter in the world, yet 
there is not a single American-made vessel that can transport LNG. 
Because of the Jones Act rule for US vessels, it is not economically 
feasible for Hawaii, Guam, and other noncontiguous areas to use 
American LNG.
    This is why I am co-leading H.R. 3167, the Noncontiguous Energy 
Relief and Access Act of 2025 with Resident Commissioner Hernandez to 
open American LNG markets to the noncontiguous areas of the United 
States. American LNG vessels will not be on the water for another 8 
years. We cannot afford to wait that long while the military buildup of 
Guam is happening now.
    Addressing the lack of LNG in Guam should be the starting point for 
tackling a host of shipping challenges caused by the Jones Act. 
Together with Congressman Case of Hawaii, we have introduced H.R. 665, 
the Noncontiguous Shipping Competition Act, H.R. 666, the Noncontiguous 
Shipping Reasonable Rate Act, and H.R. 667, the Noncontiguous Shipping 
Relief Act. This slate of bills lowers shipping costs, improves 
reliability, and makes our supply chains resilient.
    Mr. Chairman, Guam has been advocating on these issues for years. 
As an increasingly strategic part of the United States, Guam needs the 
resources to grow and develop while ensuring that affordability is not 
lost in that effort.
    I want to thank you for your leadership on this committee, and I am 
looking forward to working with you to address these critical issues 
impacting everyday Americans in all corners of the United States.
    I yield back.

    Mr. Taylor. Thank you, Representative Moylan. And now we'll 
hear from the great State of Ohio and Representative Kaptur.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. MARCY KAPTUR, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                     FROM THE STATE OF OHIO

    Ms. Kaptur. Thank you, Chairman Taylor and Ranking Member 
Larsen. It is a great pleasure to be with you.
    I represent the largest watershed in the entire Great Lakes 
in western Ohio, Ohio's Ninth District along Lake Erie from 
Defiance through Toledo to Sandusky and surrounding rural 
counties across Ohio's northwest quadrant. These are port 
communities, manufacturing and agricultural communities, both 
urban and rural. And for us, transportation infrastructure is 
not an abstract. It determines whether freight moves, whether 
multimodal transport is available so workers can get to their 
jobs safely, and whether our region can compete and prosper 
against penny-wage foreign industrial competition, and, 
frankly, coastal competition from our Atlantic, Pacific and 
gulf coasts.
    Critical discretionary grant programs like RAISE are 
designed to ensure mid-sized cities and rural communities can 
compete for infrastructure investments that would otherwise be 
out of reach. Funded by Congress, these great opportunities are 
awarded through competitive, merit-based processes. But since 
May of 2025, serious concerns have emerged about how the RAISE 
program is being executed after awards were already announced.
    In Toledo, for example, delayed RAISE funding has adversely 
impacted development with rising costs impacting projects, 
freight movement, rail and port access, safety, and multimodal 
connectivity. For example, the Reconnect Junction and Downtown 
Communities project was awarded $20 million in the RAISE 
program to safely reconnect neighborhoods divided by interstate 
infrastructure, yet it has been placed on hold.
    Once a project is competitively selected, it ought to be 
awarded. And therefore, I urge the committee to continue its 
oversight of RAISE implementation, including the status of 
unobligated awards and the reasons for these administrative 
delays.
    I want to go through several specific issues in addition 
that are important to us in terms of infrastructure priorities, 
asking the committee to address the plight of mid-sized city 
airport service, which has lost significant business to 
gigantic hubs. We have to find solutions for medium-sized 
cities.
    Also, our Great Lakes region faces challenges with a 
massive overground volume shift with the opening of the $6 
billion Gordie Howe Bridge in Canada that meets Detroit. In 
that vein, investment in the Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway 
Development Corporation may be a portal your committee can 
consider to meet these new, complex, multimodal challenges 
along the I-75, I-90 corridors to catch the future all the way 
from Canada down to opening up shipments from the Miami Valley. 
I know that Chairman Taylor knows exactly where that is.
    Please let me support a strong WRDA bill. The Army Corps of 
Engineers does such a great job, as well, to meet our Nation's 
needs for harbor maintenance, port development, flood control, 
and environmental restoration across our landlocked heartland. 
For those of us in northwest Ohio, these challenges are not 
abstract. Communities in our district within the Western Lake 
Erie Basin see firsthand how aging water and wastewater 
systems, eroding coastlines, and recurring flood risks affect 
our families, and we will be preparing several proposals 
dealing with critical infrastructure, reinforcing seawalls, 
shoreline stabilization, other flood control elements while 
improving water quality, wildlife habitat, and recreational 
opportunities. And I respectfully urge the committee's careful 
consideration of these forthcoming requests in the WRDA bill.
    Finally, I implore your committee to please work on 
upgrading both passenger and freight rail service and freight 
rail safety across northern Ohio and Indiana. Many across our 
Nation have seen troubling headlines in recent years about 
serious rail accidents. And boy, have we had them in Sandusky, 
in Fremont, and East Palestine, Ohio. And while these accidents 
drew headlines--and those are main lines--it is policy 
solutions that will help us to lessen the frequency of these 
incidents and protect the communities I represent.
    Serious consideration also should be given to extending 
Indiana's and Illinois' South Shore Line from Chicago through 
Indiana all the way eastward through Cleveland, Ohio, in that 
northern corridor. That is just a magnificent system that 
avoids the main line and all of the problems the main lines 
cause us.
    So finally, rail, Federal highways, and federally dredged 
ports are the spine of our multimodal northern Ohio economy. I 
look forward to working with all of you. Thank you for 
receiving all these Members. This bill is so important to our 
present and future. Thank you.
    [Ms. Kaptur's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Marcy Kaptur, a Representative in Congress 
                         From the State of Ohio
    Chairman, Ranking Member, and Members of the Committee--thank you 
for the opportunity to testify today.
    I represent the largest watershed in the Great Lakes--Ohio's Ninth 
District along Lake Erie--from Defiance through Toledo to Sandusky--and 
the surrounding rural counties across Ohio's Northwest quadrant. These 
are port communities, manufacturing and agricultural communities, both 
urban and rural. For us, transportation infrastructure is not 
abstract--it determines whether freight moves, whether multi modal 
transport is available so workers get to their jobs safely, and whether 
our region can compete and prosper against penny wage foreign 
industrial regimented competition and, frankly, coastal competition 
from our Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts.
    Critical discretionary grant programs like RAISE are designed to 
ensure mid-sized cities and rural communities can compete for 
infrastructure investments that would otherwise be out of reach. Funded 
by Congress, these great opportunities are awarded through competitive, 
merit-based processes. But since May, 2025, serious concerns have 
emerged about how the RAISE program is being executed after awards were 
already announced.
    Across our country--including in Northwest Ohio--communities that 
were publicly awarded RAISE grants now face prolonged delays, 
additional administrative reviews, and uncertainty at the obligation 
stage. Projects that went through the full competitive process are 
sitting in limbo, without clear timelines or explanations.
    These delays have real consequences.
    In Toledo, delayed RAISE funding has adversely affected development 
with rising costs impacting projects, freight movement, rail and port 
access, safety, and multimodal for connectivity. For example, the 
Reconnect Junction and Downtown Communities project was awarded a $20 
Million RAISE grant to safely reconnect neighborhoods divided by 
interstate infrastructure--yet it has been placed on indefinite hold.
    Local governments cannot absorb the costs of such uncertainty. 
Construction costs rise especially due to tariffs, contracts are 
disrupted, and financial exposure increased as federal commitments 
stall.
    Rural communities are especially vulnerable. Smaller jurisdictions 
often lack the fiscal capacity to carry out projects while waiting 
indefinitely. Delay can mean outright cancellation.
    That is not what Congress intended, or, quite frankly, what the law 
prescribes.
    Once a project is competitively selected and publicly announced, 
communities should be able to rely on that commitment. Businesses 
shouldn't have the rug pulled out from under them. Predictability and 
follow-through are essential to the credibility of federal 
discretionary grant programs.
    Previously awarded RAISE grants should be obligated in a timely, 
predictable manner. Local sponsors deserve clear communication and 
confidence that federal commitments will be honored.
    Therefore, I urge the Committee to continue its oversight of RAISE 
implementation, including the status of unobligated awards and the 
reasons for administrative delays.
    Our communities are ready to build and drive our economic success. 
They have done their part. Now the Federal government must do theirs. 
This Committee is critical to making that happen.
    I also must urge your Committee to attend to addressing the plight 
of midsize city airport service, which has lost significant business to 
gigantic hubs. Our region also faces issues with a major transport 
volume shift with the opening of the new Gordie Howe Bridge that 
connects Detroit to Canada. In that vein, investment in the Great Lakes 
St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation may be a portal your 
Committee can enable faster to meet multimodal challenges along the I-
75-I-90 corridors.
    Please let me support a strong WRDA bill. As is this Committee's 
tradition, bipartisan cooperation is essential to producing legislation 
that empowers the Army Corps of Engineers to do what they do best: 
apply their engineering expertise and federal resources in partnership 
with local communities to meet our Nation's need for harbor 
maintenance, port development, flood control, and environmental 
restoration--including across the land locked American Heartland.
    For those of us in Northwest Ohio, these challenges are not 
abstract. Communities in my district within the Western Lake Erie Basin 
see firsthand how aging water and wastewater systems, eroding 
shorelines, and recurring flood risks affect our families, businesses, 
and our region's economic vitality. I am preparing several study and 
project requests for WRDA to strengthen critical infrastructure; 
reinforce seawalls, shoreline stabilization, other flood control 
elements; while improving water quality, wildlife habitat, and 
recreational opportunities in the Western Lake Erie Basin.
    I respectfully urge the Committee's careful consideration of these 
forthcoming requests and your support for including them as you develop 
the WRDA 2026 bill.
    Finally, I implore your Committee to work on upgrading both 
passenger rail service, and freight rail safety across northern Ohio.
    Many across our nation have seen troubling headlines in recent 
years about rail accidents, and derailments in Sandusky, Fremont, and 
East Palestine, Ohio. While these accidents drew headlines, it is 
policy solutions that will help to lessen the frequency of these 
incidents, and protect the communities I represent and others like them 
from coast to coast.
    Rail, Federal highways, and Federally dredged ports, are the spine 
of our multimodal northern Ohio economy. I look forward to working with 
the Committee to continue investing in modern rail infrastructure that 
helps move our people, our goods, and ensures safety in the years 
ahead.
    Thank you for the opportunity to testify before you today.

    Mr. Taylor. Thank you, Representative Kaptur. We will now 
hear from Representative Mannion.

TESTIMONY OF HON. JOHN W. MANNION, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF NEW YORK

    Mr. Mannion. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you to 
Ranking Member, as well, for holding today's hearing and giving 
me the opportunity to testify before you. I would also like to 
thank my home State colleagues Congressman Jerry Nadler, 
Congressman Pat Ryan, and Congresswoman Laura Gillen for their 
hard work on this committee on behalf of New Yorkers.
    I represent the 22nd Congressional District which includes 
the city of Utica and also the city of Syracuse, a city that I 
have lived in and loved my entire life. Syracuse and 
communities across central New York and the Mohawk Valley are 
expecting a real surge in population growth and economic 
activity, driven in part by historic private-sector investments 
like Micron Technology's decision to locate in our region. This 
is the largest private investment in the history of our 
country, and continues the legacy of central New York as it 
relates to innovation and research and technology.
    As our region grows, Federal infrastructure investments 
will be critical to ensuring our transportation networks can 
keep pace with growing demand and unlock the full potential of 
that economic expansion. One reason why Micron selected the 
region is because of our extensive transportation systems, 
along with our fantastic workforce, educational institutions, 
and the generation of clean energy.
    Traveling across the district I have heard clearly from 
local leaders about the importance of cutting redtape so that 
projects can begin and be completed. However, I have also heard 
of deep concerns about the reliability, or lack thereof, of 
Federal infrastructure investment in meeting the challenge of 
moving people and goods efficiently. It is through that prism 
that we view the Trump administration's $30 million clawback of 
Federal funding previously awarded to the city of Syracuse for 
the I-81 corridor project. Like many other projects around this 
country, funding was terminated by the administration after 
being appropriated by Congress to support a project with strong 
bipartisan support and backing.
    I remind all of us that these dollars that were 
appropriated in a previous Congress came with a Republican 
majority.
    So the reimagining of Interstate I-81 is one of the largest 
and most consequential infrastructure projects currently 
underway in the United States and extremely important to my 
region and my State, yet those dollars were stripped away, 
taking away the power of the purse from Congress. These funds 
were intended to rebuild aging roads, reconnect critical 
utilities, and restore opportunity in a community long divided 
by an elevated highway that cut through an African-American 
neighborhood that was thriving in the late 1950s and early 
1960s.
    Reversing decades of disinvestment required certainty, 
partnership, and followthrough. Abruptly withdrawing Federal 
support undermines local planning efforts and erodes public 
trust that the Federal Government can be relied upon as a good 
partner to keep its commitments. It also sets a dangerous 
precedent that projects can unilaterally be terminated simply 
because they were signed into law by a previous administration 
or terminated for purely political purposes.
    As we discuss the future of these surface transportation 
programs, I also urge the committee to protect cost-effective 
project labor agreements. When we invest billions of taxpayer 
dollars, we must ensure we are getting the best possible 
product. PLA projects protect that Federal investment by 
ensuring that we have topnotch, highly skilled labor on the 
job, minimizing costly errors, and ensuring our infrastructure 
is built to last.
    As the members of this committee know, transportation is an 
extremely local issue. I urge you to reaffirm your commitment 
to projects like I-81 and ensure that State and local 
flexibility is maintained to address the unique needs of 
communities across this country. I look forward to working with 
the committee to ensure Federal transportation policy continues 
to reflect those values, and I thank you again for the 
opportunity to appear before you today.
    I yield back.
    [Mr. Mannion's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. John W. Mannion, a Representative in 
                  Congress From the State of New York
    Thank you, Chairman Sam Graves and Ranking Member Rick Larsen, for 
holding today's hearing and for giving me the opportunity to testify 
before you.
    I'd also like to thank my home state colleagues, Congressman 
Jerrold Nadler, Congressman Pat Ryan, and Congresswoman Laura Gillen, 
for their hard work on this Committee on behalf of New Yorkers.
    I represent New York's 22nd Congressional District, which includes 
Utica and Syracuse, a city that I've lived in and loved my entire life.
    Syracuse and communities across Central New York and the Mohawk 
Valley are experiencing a real surge in population growth and economic 
activity, driven in part by historic private-sector investments like 
Micron Technology's decision to locate in our region.
    As our region grows, federal infrastructure investments will be 
critical to ensuring our transportation networks can keep pace with 
growing demand and unlock the full potential of that economic 
expansion.
    Traveling across the district, I have heard clearly from local 
leaders about the importance of cutting red tape so that projects can 
begin and be completed faster. However, I have also heard deep concerns 
about the reliability, or lack thereof, of federal infrastructure 
investment in meeting the challenge of moving people and goods 
efficiently.
    It is through that prism that we view the Trump Administration's 
$30 million clawback of federal funding previously awarded to the City 
of Syracuse for the I-81 Corridor project.
    Like many other projects across the country, this funding was 
terminated by the Administration after being appropriated by Congress 
to support a project with strong bipartisan backing and national 
significance. The reimagining of Interstate 81 is one of the largest 
and most consequential infrastructure projects currently underway in 
the United States and extremely important to my state.
    These funds were intended to rebuild aging roads, reconnect 
critical utilities, and restore opportunity in a community long divided 
by an elevated highway that cut through a neighborhood of color.
    Reversing decades of disinvestment requires certainty, partnership, 
and follow-through. Abruptly withdrawing federal support undermines 
local planning efforts and erodes public trust that the federal 
government can be relied upon to keep its commitments.
    It also sets a dangerous precedent: that projects can unilaterally 
be terminated simply because they were signed into law by a previous 
Administration.
    As we discuss the future of these surface transportation programs, 
I also urge the Committee to protect cost-effective project labor 
agreements. When we invest billions of taxpayer dollars, we must ensure 
we are getting the best possible product. PLAs protect that federal 
investment by ensuring we have top-notch, highly skilled labor on the 
job, minimizing costly errors and ensuring our infrastructure is built 
to last.
    As the Members of this Committee know, transportation is an 
extremely local issue. I urge you to reaffirm your commitment to 
projects like I-81 and ensure that state and local flexibility is 
maintained to address the unique needs of communities across the 
country.
    I look forward to working with the Committee to ensure federal 
transportation policy continues to reflect those values, and I thank 
you again for the opportunity to appear before you today.
    I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell [presiding]. The gentleman yields. The Chair 
recognizes my friend, Representative Davis from North Carolina.

TESTIMONY OF HON. DONALD G. DAVIS, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                FROM THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA

    Mr. Davis of North Carolina. Thank you so much, Mr. Chair, 
and also to our ranking member, for allowing me to come and 
speak about eastern North Carolina, the issues that impact us.
    Since I entered Congress, my top priorities for highway 
infrastructure development include I-87, I-587, and I-42. These 
require Federal funding and will help transform eastern North 
Carolina and prepare one of our Nation's most economically 
distressed areas for a brighter and more prosperous future. I 
want to work with this committee to accomplish this and put the 
American dream back within reach for our families.
    Much of eastern North Carolina is rural and has significant 
infrastructure needs. Broadband will significantly enhance the 
lives of families and businesses across eastern North Carolina, 
while also ensuring our healthcare system can continue 
operating. We cannot have a situation where our emergency 
services, first responders, and telecommunicators cannot 
contact each other due to a lack of broadband service on rural 
roads.
    I strongly desire to work with this committee to find ways 
to expand rural access and ensure rural infrastructure projects 
factor in broadband needs in our local communities. An 
essential part of that deployment is ensuring that economic 
development grants are usable for those needs. Further, our 
local mayors and county officials need to be able to access 
these funds by simplifying the burdensome, overly complicated 
application process.
    And we must also not lose sight of an opportunity to take 
care of our United States Coast Guard. Spanning the 
jurisdiction of three committees, the Coast Guard is a vital 
Armed Force that supports our armed services in safeguarding 
our national security and performing essential search and 
rescue operations. North Carolina's First Congressional 
District is the home of the United States Coast Guard Base 
Elizabeth City, an installation that hosts an aviation 
logistics and technical training center, along with over 2,000 
Active Duty and civilian personnel.
    While towns and cities hosting installations all strive to 
provide the most welcoming environments for our Coast Guard 
personnel, only a select few have been named a Great American 
Defense Community, and that is including Elizabeth City, which 
earned the title in 2024. But we cannot rest on our laurels. 
Infrastructure at Coast Guard Base Elizabeth City and other 
installations is aging, which is why I supported the work of 
this committee to help pass the Coast Guard Reauthorization Act 
of 2025 which funds Coast Guard operations and makes critical 
investments in U.S.-build requirements, helping to bolster our 
domestic shipbuilding industry, an essential part of 
northeastern North Carolina's economy.
    The legislation also includes a study on Coast Guard 
training facility infrastructure, including the training center 
at Coast Guard Base Elizabeth City, to ensure that shoreside 
and land-based facilities are meeting high standards.
    Beyond addressing the top priorities for our Coast Guard, 
other significant issues for eastern North Carolina include 
hurricanes, tropical storms, and flooding. I last testified 
before this committee for its Member Day hearing on April 18, 
2023. Since then, North Carolina has experienced destructive 
impacts of Hurricane Helene, as you heard from my colleague 
earlier. We saw devastation across western North Carolina 
communities--homes, businesses, roads, and more washed away in 
the blink of an eye. We still have a long way to go in 
rebuilding after the hurricane, but North Carolinians have 
rebuilt before and will do it again.
    Hurricane Helene and the aftermath showed us that FEMA has 
an important role to play, and there are important changes that 
need to be made. We need to move upstream and not downstream 
for solutions. That is why I am proud to support and cosponsor 
H.R. 4669, the FEMA Act of 2025.
    I want to thank Chairman Graves and the ranking member for 
working together in a bipartisan way, introducing this 
legislation. Thank you, Mr. Chair, and I yield back.
    [Mr. Davis of North Carolina's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Donald G. Davis, a Representative in 
               Congress From the State of North Carolina
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, for allowing me 
to speak on issues that matter to eastern North Carolina.
    Since I entered Congress, one of my top priorities has been 
expanding broadband and improving affordability.
    Much of eastern North Carolina is rural and has significant 
infrastructure needs.
    Broadband will significantly improve the lives of families and 
businesses across eastern North Carolina while also ensuring our 
healthcare system can continue operating.
    We cannot have a situation where our emergency services, first 
responders, and telecommunicators cannot contact each other due to a 
lack of broadband service on a rural road.
    I want to work with this Committee to find ways to expand rural 
access and ensure rural infrastructure projects factor in broadband 
needs in our local communities.
    An essential part of that deployment is ensuring that economic 
development grants are usable for those needs.
    Further, our local mayors and county officials need to be able to 
access these grants by simplifying the burdensome, overly complicated 
application process.
    And we must also not lose sight of an often overlooked part of your 
committee's work: the United States Coast Guard.
    Spanning the jurisdiction of three committees, the Coast Guard is a 
vital armed force that supports our armed services in safeguarding our 
national security and performing essential search and rescue 
operations.
    North Carolina's First Congressional District is home to United 
States Coast Guard Base Elizabeth City, an 880-acre installation that 
hosts an aviation logistics and technical training center, along with 
over 2,000 active duty and civilian personnel.
    While towns and cities hosting installations all strive to provide 
the most welcoming environment for Coast Guard personnel, only a select 
few have been named a Great American Defense Community, including 
Elizabeth City, which earned the title in 2024.
    But we cannot rest on our laurels.
    Infrastructure at Coast Guard Base Elizabeth City and other 
installations is aging, which is why I supported the work of this 
committee to help pass the Coast Guard Reauthorization Act of 2025, 
which funds Coast Guard operations and makes critical investments in 
U.S.-build requirements, helping to bolster our domestic shipbuilding 
industry, an essential part of Northeastern North Carolina's economy.
    The legislation also includes a study on Coast Guard training 
facility infrastructure, including the training center at Coast Guard 
Base Elizabeth City, to ensure that shoreside and land-based facilities 
are meeting high standards.
    Beyond addressing top priorities for our Coast Guard, other 
significant issues for eastern North Carolina include hurricanes, 
tropical storms, and flooding.
    I last testified before this Committee for its Member Day hearing 
on April 18th, 2023.
    Since then, North Carolina has experienced the destructive impacts 
of Hurricane Helene.
    We saw devastation across western North Carolina communities.
    Homes, businesses, roads, and more, washed away in the blink of an 
eye.
    We still have a long way to go in rebuilding after the hurricane, 
but North Carolinians have rebuilt before, and we will do so again.
    Hurricane Helene and the aftermath showed us that FEMA and how it 
operates need changes and fast.
    We need to move ``upstream,'' not ``downstream,'' for solutions.
    That is why I am proud to cosponsor H.R. 4669, the FEMA Act of 
2025.
    I want to thank Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen for 
working together in a bipartisan way and introducing this legislation.
    This bill will address so many of the problems that countless North 
Carolinians are facing.
    I stand ready to work with you to get this legislation across the 
finish line.
    Eastern North Carolina knows hurricanes, tropical storms, and 
flooding all too well.
    In the east, it is not a question of if, but when.
    We need these reforms to FEMA before the next catastrophic weather 
event strikes North Carolina.
    To that end, I urge this committee to pursue true commonsense 
policies across transportation and infrastructure needs that can 
improve the lives of eastern North Carolinians and the American people.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields back. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Jayapal for 5 minutes. Thank you.

TESTIMONY OF HON. PRAMILA JAYAPAL, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

    Ms. Jayapal. Thank you, Chairman Ezell and Ranking Member 
Carson. Thank you for this opportunity to share the concerns of 
Washington State's Seventh Congressional District. I would like 
to raise three key priorities for the remainder of the 119th 
Congress: first, supporting our air traffic controller 
workforce; second, reauthorization and robust funding for rail, 
ferry, and bridge infrastructure programs; and third, fighting 
the dissolution of the Resilient Columbia Basin Agreement.
    First, this last year has laid bare how urgently 
investments are needed in the Nation's air traffic controller 
workforce, both to achieve full staffing levels and to ensure 
their health and well-being. There are 25 certified 
professional controllers and two in training at the SeaTac 
Airport Tower. And as in many places across the country, it is 
simply not enough. These jobs are already incredibly stressful 
and demanding, and all of this is undermined and exacerbated by 
understaffing and mandatory overtime. More than 41 percent of 
controllers nationwide work 10-hour days, 6 days a week. These 
are impossible conditions to do any job well, let alone one 
that is important for public safety.
    The 2024 FAA reauthorization bill did include many 
provisions aimed at improving controller hiring, training, and 
staffing to help reduce the strain on our controller workforce 
and reduce fatigue. However, as the FAA works to implement 
these provisions, the vast majority of the air traffic control 
facilities remain critically understaffed. I urge the committee 
to continue to address air traffic controller fatigue, reduce 
burdens on controllers and understaffed air traffic 
controllers, address insufficient pay for those that are in the 
training pipeline, and prioritize the well-being of our 
aviation workforce.
    Second, ensuring strong infrastructure remains a top 
priority as the Greater Seattle area continues to grow. Sound 
Transit has been the Nation's largest recipient of low-interest 
U.S. infrastructure loans to build mass transit and is in the 
midst of the largest transit system expansion in the country. 
For over 30 years, the Capital Investment Grant program has 
been the backbone of the Federal Government's commitment 
towards transit investment. This is true for Sound Transit's 
capital projects in my district in West Seattle and Ballard, 
which will soon enter the CIG pipeline.
    Investing in robust rail and transit infrastructure is 
essential to reducing congestion and improving traffic 
conditions in Seattle, in particular, as we prepare to host the 
2026 World Cup. I strongly urge the committee to ensure our 
public transit agencies receive the necessary funding to meet 
the demands of our constituents, to prioritize programs that 
improve our rail system, and remove unnecessary restrictions 
that are limiting our funding.
    In addition, I urge you to increase support for bridge 
infrastructure improvements. In my district, Seattle's Ship 
Canal Bridge is a strong example of the need for Federal bridge 
investments. Nearly 200,000 vehicles use the double-deck, 12-
lane bridge daily, and it is part of a major T1 freight route 
carrying over 45 million tons of freight per year. In 2022, the 
State closed parks under the bridge as chunks of concrete 
literally fell off of it. The nearby University Bridge was 
stuck upright for 2 days due to mechanical issues. Investing in 
bridge funding in communities like ours that have bridges all 
over the district is absolutely critical to safety, earthquake 
resilience, and the regional economy in my district.
    I also urge the committee to support increased funding for 
the Electric or Low-Emitting Ferry Pilot Program. We are very 
proud in our State that we have the largest ferry system in the 
country and the second largest in the world. Locally, we say, 
you know you are from here if a ferry is part of your commute.
    Ferries are essential across the Puget Sound. It is 
literally our highway for so many of our constituents. They 
transport residents to important medical appointments, get 
people to jobs every day, link affordable housing on the west 
side of the Puget Sound to job hubs on the east side, promote 
tourism for small businesses, hotels, and restaurants. They are 
a critical way of our life. And yet, we know that the 
Washington State Ferries is also one of the biggest 
contributors of greenhouse gas emissions and needs 
modernization. So we want to support Washington State Ferries' 
effort to rebuild and modernize the ferry fleet by 
transitioning to hybrid-electric power.
    Finally and quickly, I urge the committee to fight the June 
2025 dissolution of the Resilient Columbia Basin Agreement 
between the Federal Government, including the Army Corps, 
Tribes, and States of Washington and Oregon, for the management 
and restoration of the Columbia River Basin. This is a historic 
agreement that ended a decades-long legal fight and addressed 
both environmental protections and critical energy needs for 
the region.
    I thank you for your attention, and I yield back.
    [Ms. Jayapal's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Pramila Jayapal, a Representative in 
                 Congress From the State of Washington
    Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, thank you for this 
opportunity to share the concerns of Washington's 7th Congressional 
District.
    I would like to raise three key priorities for the remainder of the 
119th Congress: supporting our air traffic controller workforce; 
reauthorization and robust funding for rail, bridge, and ferry 
infrastructure programs; and fighting the dissolution of the Resilient 
Columbia Basin Agreement.
    First, the last year has laid bare how urgently investments are 
needed in the nation's air traffic controller workforce, both to 
achieve full staffing levels and to ensure their health and wellbeing. 
There are 25 Certified Professional Controllers and 2 in training at 
SeaTac tower--and, as in many places across the country--it is not 
enough. These jobs are already incredibly stressful and demanding. All 
of this is exacerbated by understaffing and mandatory overtime.\1\ More 
than 41 percent of controllers nationwide work 10-hour days, six days a 
week.\2\ These are impossible conditions to do any job well, let alone 
one that is so important for public safety.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2025/06/actions-from-
federal-government-needed-to-alleviate-air-traffic-controller-staffing-
shortages-at-many-facilities-says-new-report
    \2\ https://www.natca.org/2025/06/18/national-academies-of-
sciences-report-doubles-down-on-failed-controller-staffing-model/
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The 2024 FAA Reauthorization Bill included many provisions aimed at 
improving controller hiring, training, and staffing to help reduce the 
strain on our controller workforce and reduce fatigue. However, as the 
FAA works to implement these provisions, the vast majority of air 
traffic control facilities remain critically understaffed. I urge the 
Committee to continue to address air traffic controller fatigue, reduce 
burdens on controllers in understaffed air traffic towers, and 
prioritize the wellbeing of our aviation workforce.
    Second, ensuring strong infrastructure remains a top priority as 
the greater Seattle area continues to grow. Sound Transit has been the 
nation's largest recipient of low-interest U.S. infrastructure loans to 
build mass transit and is in the midst of the largest transit system 
expansion in the country. For over 30 years, the Capital Investment 
Grant (CIG) program has been the backbone of the federal government's 
commitment towards transit investment. This is true for Sound Transit's 
capital projects to West Seattle and Ballard, which will soon enter the 
CIG pipeline. Investing in robust rail and transit infrastructure is 
essential to reducing congestion and improving traffic conditions in 
Seattle, in particular as we prepare to host the 2026 World Cup. I 
strongly urge the committee to continue to prioritize programs to 
improve our rail system and remove these unnecessary restrictions on 
funding.
    In addition, I urge you to increase support for bridge 
infrastructure improvements. Seattle's Ship Canal Bridge is a strong 
example of the need for federal bridge investments. Nearly 200,000 
vehicles use the double-deck 12-lane bridge daily and it is part of a 
major T1 freight route carrying over 45 million tons of freight per 
year. In 2022, the state closed parks under the bridge as chunks of 
concrete fell off it. The nearby University Bridge was stuck upright 
for two days due to mechanical issues. Investing in bridge funding is 
critical to safety, earthquake resiliency, and the regional economy in 
my district.
    I also urge the Committee to support increased funding for the 
Electric or Low Emitting Ferry Pilot Program. Washington State has the 
largest ferry system in the country and the second largest in the 
world. Locally, we say you know you're from here when a ferry is part 
of your daily commute. Ferries are essential across Puget Sound. They 
transport residents to important medical appointments and get people to 
and from their jobs every day. Ferries link affordable housing on the 
west side of Puget Sound to job hubs on the east side. They promote 
tourism for small businesses, hotels, and restaurants. Ferries are 
critical to our way of life, yet Washington State Ferries is one of the 
biggest contributors of greenhouse gas emissions. It is critical to 
support Washington State Ferries' effort to rebuild and modernize their 
ferry fleet by transitioning to hybrid electric power.
    Finally, I urge the Committee to fight the June 2025 dissolution of 
the Resilient Columbia Basin Agreement between the federal government, 
including the Army Corps; tribes; and the states of Washington and 
Oregon for the management and restoration of the Columbia River Basin. 
This historic agreement ended a decades long legal fight and addressed 
both environmental protections and critical energy needs for the 
region. Breaking up this historic agreement will harm efforts to 
protect salmon and recover endangered Southern Resident killer whale 
populations, jeopardize energy stability and production, and abandon 
our commitments to Tribal Nations.
    Thank you.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentlelady yields back. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Garcia for her 5 minutes.

    TESTIMONY OF HON. SYLVIA R. GARCIA, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
                CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF TEXAS

    Ms. Garcia of Texas. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. And thank 
you, too, to the ranking member and all the members of this 
committee for setting this opportunity for those of us who have 
projects that are dear to our hearts to be considered during 
your deliberations this year.
    I am here today to speak for Houston and Texas' 29th 
Congressional District. My district sits at the crossroads of 
global commerce, freight rail traffic, and recurring natural 
disasters. In Houston, rail lines run through our 
neighborhoods, past our schools, and across our roads, and the 
scale of disruption is extraordinary. Texas 29 leads the Nation 
for blocked railroad crossing incidents every year from 2021 to 
2025, and each year my district recorded at least twice--
twice--as many blocked crossings as the next closest district 
in the country. In 2025 alone, we had 3,134 blocked crossing 
incidents. In the same 5 years, 5 people were killed and 15 
were injured in grade crossing incidents.
    These are thousands of moments when communities in my 
district are stranded, streets frozen, traffic backed up, and 
emergency services delayed.
    These are not random numbers. These are children, workers, 
seniors, neighbors, and families who unfairly pay the price for 
unsafe rail crossings and unreliable infrastructure. One of 
those children was Sergio Rodriguez, a 15-year-old student who 
was tragically killed on his walk to Milby High School in my 
district when he attempted to cross the tracks to get to 
school.
    In Texas, students who live within 2 miles of school do not 
receive bus service, and about 40 percent of the campuses of 
the Houston Independent School District are located next to 
rail crossings. So when our kids have to walk but we fail to 
secure the crossings they use each day, we frankly have failed 
our children. We have failed in protecting them and making sure 
they can get safely to school.
    This is why I continue to push for my bill, H.R. 6790, the 
Don't Block Our Communities Act, or D-BLOC, to give the Federal 
Railroad Administration the authority to investigate repeated 
blocked crossings and enforce accountability on freight 
carriers that block intersections longer than 10 minutes. The 
bill is simple. It limits blocked crossings to 10 minutes, 
except in emergencies. It requires the Federal Railroad 
Administration to investigate repeated incidents and gives the 
authority to penalize freight offenders.
    My rail priorities also include Federal support for grade 
separations, rail signal modernization, storm-resilient rail 
infrastructure, emergency access reliability, and rail safety 
education for communities living beside freight corridors. Now, 
that sounds like a lot, but every single one of these 
priorities will critically improve the life for my constituents 
and the Greater Houston community.
    To begin, grade separations are not optional in Houston; 
they save lives. We have made progress locally. Texas created a 
$350 million grant program for grade separations, and the city 
of Houston secured $10 million for a pedestrian bridge to 
address the safety issues at that high school where Sergio was 
killed. But local funding cannot solve the problems alone, 
because it, frankly, is freight rail negligence that is the 
cause. We need Federal leadership to match Houston's urgency.
    That brings me to disaster readiness. Houston is one of the 
most disaster-prone regions in America. Our city sits on the 
gulf coast, where hurricanes, tropical storms, and flash 
flooding are annual realities. Hurricane Harvey caused $125 
billion in damage, historic flooding, and submerged entire 
neighborhoods. I urge this committee to fund mitigation efforts 
like the Galveston Bay Barrier System, commonly known as the 
Ike Dike, to help build local infrastructure.
    In addition, our infrastructure must work during disasters. 
When a hurricane and flooding hit the neighborhoods I 
represent, families need clear routes, reliable emergency 
relief access, and uninterrupted aid coming to affected 
communities. We need the help from FEMA. Any talk of 
eliminating FEMA for us would be nonsense. Instead, we see that 
the administration slashes FEMA's disaster workforce, and we 
really need it now as we really engage in many of these events.
    Houston doesn't have the privilege to look the other way. 
We need an efficient and effective FEMA, fully staffed, ready, 
and funded. So today I ask this committee to support my D-BLOC 
bill, expand Federal funding for grade separations, rail signal 
modernization, reinforce FEMA disaster workforce capacity, and 
critical investments like the Ike Dike. My district doesn't 
need or have any time for pity. We need solutions, funding, and 
accountability, and action.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Ms. Garcia of Texas' prepared statement follows:]

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. Sylvia R. Garcia, a Representative in 
                    Congress From the State of Texas
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and colleagues.
    I'm here today to speak for Houston and Texas's 29th Congressional 
District. My district sits at the crossroads of global commerce, 
freight rail traffic, and recurring natural disasters.
    In Houston, rail lines run through our neighborhoods, past our 
schools, and across our roads. And the scale of disruption is 
extraordinary.
    Texas-29 leads the nation for blocked railroad crossing incidents 
every year from 2021 to 2025. And each year, my district recorded at 
least twice as many blocked crossings as the next closest district in 
the country (Texas-18). In 2025 alone, we had 3,134 blocked crossing 
incidents.
    In the same five years, five people were killed, and 15 were 
injured in grade-crossing incidents.
    These are thousands of moments where communities in Texas-29 are 
stranded, streets frozen, traffic backed up, and emergency services 
delayed.
    These are not random numbers. These are children, workers, seniors, 
neighbors, and families who unfairly pay the price for unsafe rail 
crossings and unreliable infrastructure.
    One of those children was Sergio Rodriguez, a 15-year-old student 
who was tragically killed on his walk to Milby High School when 
attempting to cross the tracks to get to school.
    In Texas, students who live within 2 miles of school do not receive 
bus service, and about 40 percent of campuses are located near rail 
crossings. When we ask kids to walk but fail to secure the crossings 
they use each day, we have failed at protecting them.
    This is why I continue to push for my bill, H.R. 6790, the ``Don't 
Block Our Communities Act,'' or the D-BLOC Act, to give the Federal 
Railroad Administration (FRA) the authority to investigate repeated 
blocked crossings and to enforce accountability on freight carriers 
that block intersections longer than 10 minutes.
    This bill is simple, yet significant:
    It limits blocked crossings to 10 minutes, except in emergencies.
    It requires the Federal Railroad Administration to investigate 
repeated incidents, and gives it the authority to penalize repeated 
freight offenders.
    My rail priorities also include federal support for grade 
separations, rail signal modernization, storm-resilient rail 
infrastructure, emergency access reliability, and rail safety education 
for communities living beside freight corridors.
    That sounds like a lot, but every single one of these priorities 
will critically improve daily life for my constituents and the greater 
Houston community.
    To begin, grade separations are not optional in Houston--they save 
lives.
    We've made progress locally. Texas created a $350 million grant 
program for grade separations, and Houston secured $10 million for a 
pedestrian bridge near Milby High School. But local funding cannot 
solve national freight rail negligence alone.
    We need federal leadership to match Houston's urgency.
    That brings me to disaster readiness.
    Houston is one of the most disaster-prone regions in America.
    Our city sits on the Gulf Coast, where hurricanes, tropical storms 
and flash flooding are annual realities.
    Hurricane Harvey caused $125 billion in damage, historic flooding, 
and submerged entire neighborhoods.
    I urge this Committee to explore mitigation efforts, like the 
Galveston Bay Barrier System, also known as the ``Ike Dike,'' to help 
build local infrastructure.
    In addition, our infrastructure must work during disasters.
    When a hurricane and flooding hit the neighborhoods I represent, 
families need clear routes, reliable emergency relief access, and 
uninterrupted aid coming to affected communities, with the help of the 
Federal Emergency Management Agency.
    These priorities are ever more pressing as we continue to see the 
impacts of climate change and the increase in frequency and intensity 
of extreme weather events.
    Instead, we see the current administration slash FEMA's disaster 
workforce capacity, including surge and CORE staffing that hurricane-
prone districts like mine rely on for rapid federal deployment.
    Houston doesn't have the privilege to look the other way. We need 
an efficient and effective FEMA, fully staffed, ready, and funded.
    So today, I ask this Committee to support:
      The passage of the D-BLOC Act to empower the Federal 
Railroad Administration to investigate and issue penalties;
      Expanded federal funding for grade-separation projects 
and rail safety education;
      Rail signal modernization;
      Reinforced FEMA disaster workforce capacity, especially 
for hurricane-prone districts;
      And critical investments in disaster-ready 
infrastructure, including in Texas's Galveston Bay Barrier System.

    My district doesn't need or have the time for pity. We need 
solutions, funding, accountability, and action.
    Thank you, I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentlelady yields back. The Chair recognizes 
Ms. Hageman for 5 minutes.

   TESTIMONY OF HON. HARRIET M. HAGEMAN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
               CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF WYOMING

    Ms. Hageman. Thank you, Chairman Ezell and Ranking Member 
Carson and members of the committee. I am grateful for the 
opportunity to testify before the committee on the importance 
of trucking in Wyoming, and to highlight a few issues that I 
believe necessitate further congressional action.
    Despite Wyoming's rural nature, my State hosts a 
considerable amount of truck traffic, and is a vital corridor 
for the flow of goods from America's heartland to communities 
across the Nation. It is truly an understatement to say that a 
massive amount of essential resources and commodities, 
including affordable, reliable energy products and agricultural 
goods from Wyoming and beyond are trucked across our highways 
every single day. Wyoming's stretch of I-80 alone sees an 
average daily traffic count of around 13,000 vehicles, with 
trucks making up nearly 50 percent. This commercial traffic, in 
addition to supporting America's supply chains and powering the 
Nation, brings in valuable revenue and forges connectivity for 
small businesses and communities throughout the State of 
Wyoming.
    While the significance of the trucking industry cannot be 
overstated, increased traffic poses its share of challenges. 
According to a study released in September 2025 by the Truck 
Safety Coalition based on 2023 per capita data, Wyoming ranks 
highest in fatal truck crashes, with 7 per 100,000 people. Data 
from the Wyoming Department of Transportation revealed that 
between 2018 and 2022, there were 4,106 total crashes involving 
commercial motor vehicles, with approximately 90 percent of 
these originating from out-of-State drivers.
    Many of these accidents can be traced back to the 
treacherous nature of our roadways and the unpredictability of 
Wyoming's weather, which creates risks for even the most 
skilled CDL drivers. To that end, ensuring that we are limiting 
the issuance of CDLs to individuals who are properly vetted, 
trained, and prepared to react and respond in high-risk 
situations is critical to maintaining safety on our roadways.
    One such prerequisite that should always remain uniform 
among CDL holders is the ability to be proficient in the 
English language and to place out of service those drivers who 
are not. Being able to read, write, and speak English 
proficiently is a fundamental safety matter that impacts 
everyone who travels on our roadways. Across Wyoming, we 
frequently utilize variable message signage that displays 
important warnings or instructions to drivers, including for 
high winds, winter road conditions, black ice, and accidents 
ahead. Failure to read and understand these messages can have 
disastrous consequences.
    While this proficiency standard has historically been the 
case under preexisting Federal regulations, prior 
administrations have sought to loosen these practices and 
weaken enforcement, directly threatening the safety of American 
motorists. Fortunately, under President Trump and Secretary 
Duffy's leadership, this basic safety prerequisite, along with 
consistent enforcement, has been restored. It is essential, 
however, that we codify this progress to ensure these safety 
measures cannot be rolled back on the basis of political 
motivations, which is precisely why I co-introduced Connor's 
Law with Representative Dave Taylor.
    Also of importance is how current Federal policy undermines 
economic opportunities for 18- to 20-year-old CDL holders. 
Under existing Federal regulations, these drivers are permitted 
to operate in intrastate commerce, but are prohibited from 
doing so interstate. This regulatory requirement excludes a 
valuable segment of the driver community from regional supply 
chains, particularly for rural agricultural communities along 
State lines, while making it increasingly cumbersome to attract 
prospective drivers into this career field.
    Furthermore, these prohibitions can oftentimes make little 
sense, as a qualified 18- to 20-year-old driver in Wyoming can 
make a treacherous, multihundred-mile trip across Wyoming in 
varying terrain, but is forbidden from hauling a shipment just 
a few miles across our six different State lines. To address 
this, I introduced the ROUTE Act, which permits qualified 18- 
to 20-year-old CDL holders the ability to operate in interstate 
commerce, as long as they remain within 150 air-miles of their 
normal work reporting location. My legislation seeks to take a 
measured approach to granting regulatory relief, supporting 
border communities and bolstering regional supply chains, and 
helping to grow the next generation of professional drivers.
    Finally, with regard to surface transportation 
reauthorization, I want to shift gears briefly to urge the 
committee to prioritize flexibility for State and local 
communities to use highway dollars through formula funding 
while modernizing outdated bureaucratic restrictions that delay 
the completion of vital infrastructure projects.
    To wrap up, these are just a few Wyoming priorities that 
address safety, support supply chains, enable workforce 
development, and promote hard infrastructure. Once again, thank 
you for allowing me the opportunity to testify, and I look 
forward to working with each of you on these matters.
    [Ms. Hageman's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Harriet M. Hageman, a Representative in 
                   Congress From the State of Wyoming
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee:
    I am grateful for the opportunity to testify before you for the 
Committee's Member Day hearing on the importance of trucking in Wyoming 
and to highlight a few issues that I believe necessitate further 
Congressional action.
    Despite Wyoming's rural nature, my state hosts a considerable 
amount of truck traffic and remains a vital corridor for the flow of 
goods from America's heartland to communities across the nation. It is 
truly an understatement to say that a massive amount of essential 
resources and commodities, including affordable, reliable energy 
products and agricultural goods from Wyoming and beyond, are trucked 
across our highways every day. Wyoming's stretch of I-80 alone sees an 
average daily traffic count of around 13,000 vehicles, with trucks 
making up nearly 50%.\1\ This increased traffic, in addition to 
supporting America's supply chains and powering the nation, brings in 
valuable revenue and forges connectivity for small businesses and 
communities throughout Wyoming.
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    \1\ https://wyoleg.gov/InterimCommittee/2023/08-2023052511-
01WYDOTTalkingPointsI-80.pdf
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    While the significance of the trucking industry cannot be 
overstated, increased traffic poses its share of challenges. According 
to a study released in September 2025 by the Truck Safety Coalition, 
based on 2023 per capita data, Wyoming ranks highest in fatal truck 
crashes, with seven per 100,000.\2\ Data from the Wyoming Department of 
Transportation revealed that, between 2018-2022, there were 4,106 total 
crashes involving commercial motor vehicles, with approximately 90% of 
these originating from out-of-state drivers. Many of these accidents 
can be traced back to the treacherous nature of our roadways and the 
unpredictability of Wyoming's weather, which creates risks for even the 
most skilled CDL holders. To that end, ensuring that we are limiting 
the issuance of CDLs to individuals who are properly vetted, trained, 
and prepared to react and respond in high-risk situations is critical 
to maintaining safety on our roadways.
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    \2\ https://trucksafety.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Deadliest-
Truck-Crash-States-2023.jpg
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    One such prerequisite that should always remain uniform among CDL 
holders is the ability to be proficient in the English language, and to 
place out of service those drivers who are not. Being able to read, 
write, and speak English proficiently is a fundamental safety matter 
that impacts everyone who travels on our roadways. Across Wyoming, we 
frequently utilize variable message signage that displays important 
warnings or instructions to drivers, including for high winds, winter 
road conditions, black ice, and accidents ahead. Failure to read and 
understand these messages can have disastrous consequences. While this 
proficiency standard has historically been the case under preexisting 
federal regulations, prior Administrations have sought to loosen these 
practices and weaken enforcement, directly threatening the safety of 
American motorists. Fortunately, under President Trump and Secretary 
Duffy's leadership, this basic safety prerequisite, along with 
consistent enforcement, has been restored.\3\ It is essential, however, 
that we codify this progress to ensure these safety measures cannot be 
rolled back on the basis of political motivations, which is precisely 
why I co-introduced Connor's Law with Representative Dave Taylor.
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    \3\ https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/04/
enforcing-commonsense-rules-of-the-road-for-americas-truck-drivers/
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    Also of importance is how current federal policy undermines 
economic opportunities for 18- to 20-year-old CDL holders. Under 
existing federal regulations, these drivers are permitted to operate in 
intrastate commerce but are prohibited from doing so interstate. This 
regulatory requirement excludes a valuable segment of the driver 
community from regional supply chains, particularly for rural, 
agricultural communities along state lines, while making it 
increasingly cumbersome to attract prospective drivers into the career 
field. Furthermore, these prohibitions can oftentimes make little 
sense, as a qualified 18- to 20-year-old driver in Wyoming can make a 
treacherous multi-hundred-mile trip across Wyoming in varying terrain, 
but is forbidden from hauling a shipment just a few miles across our 6 
different state lines. To address this, I introduced the ROUTE Act, 
which permits qualified 18- to 20-year-old CDL holders the ability to 
operate in interstate commerce so long as they remain within 150 air 
miles of their normal work reporting location. My legislation seeks to 
take a measured approach to granting regulatory relief, supporting 
border communities and bolstering regional supply chains, and helping 
to grow the next generation of professional drivers, all while 
balancing the need for safety.
    Finally, and with regard to Surface Transportation Reauthorization, 
I want to shift gears briefly and urge that the Committee prioritize 
flexibility for State and local communities to utilize highway dollars 
through formula funding while modernizing outdated bureaucratic 
restrictions that delay the completion of vital infrastructure 
projects. Building on this point, I have introduced legislation to 
expand transferability flexibility and update National Environmental 
Policy Act categorical exclusions for projects with limited federal 
financial assistance to reflect changes in inflation.
    To wrap up, these are just a few Wyoming priorities that address 
safety, support supply chains, enable workforce development, and 
promote hard infrastructure. Once again, thank you for allowing me the 
opportunity to testify, and I look forward to working with each of you 
as we consider our next Surface Transportation Reauthorization. Should 
you have any additional questions, please do not hesitate to contact me 
and my staff at any point.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentlelady yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Mullin for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. KEVIN MULLIN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

    Mr. Mullin. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member. Thank 
you for the opportunity to testify about my priorities within 
the committee's jurisdiction.
    There is broad bipartisan agreement that we are in the 
midst of a severe housing crisis. At the same time, across the 
country, roughly 276,000 acres of government-owned land sit in 
transit-rich urban areas, prime locations for housing. Yet 
local and State governments face regulatory barriers when they 
try to redevelop many of these parcels, because they were 
previously acquired with Federal dollars that have outdated 
strings attached to those dollars.
    To take just one example, in my district, a mostly vacant 
parking lot near a transit station which was purchased by our 
transportation agency decades ago with FHWA funds. It could be 
redeveloped into housing--both the local agency and FHWA 
support this initiative--but FHWA does not currently have the 
authority to approve it.
    I am proud to lead H.R. 3459, the Empty Lots to Housing 
Act, supported by several T&I Committee members. This 
bipartisan effort would extend to FHWA the authority the 
Federal Transit Administration already has to allow local 
agencies to dispose of underutilized properties. I respectfully 
request that you include Empty Lots to Housing in the upcoming 
surface transportation reauthorization.
    Second, I want to touch on a railroad safety issue, a major 
issue in my district. Each year, hundreds of Americans are 
killed or injured in accidents at railway crossings, 
underscoring the need for new, cost-effective solutions to 
protect drivers, pedestrians, and rail workers. The gold 
standard for preventing collisions is full grade separation. 
While effective, these projects, as you know, are enormously 
expensive and slow to complete, leaving dangerous crossings 
unaddressed in the meantime.
    New technology-driven approaches can offer a faster and 
more cost effective path to improving safety. In my district 
along the San Francisco Bay, Caltrain has piloted a system that 
uses lidar, cameras, and AI to identify hazards at crossings in 
real time, and alert engineers, dispatchers, and law 
enforcement to potential threats, helping prevent collisions 
before they occur. Implemented for just a few hundred thousand 
dollars, this pilot costs a fraction of the nearly $1 billion 
estimate for grade separation at the same site, and was 
deployed within months, not years.
    While tech-driven solutions are not a substitute for full 
grade separation, they can provide meaningful safety 
improvements in the meantime and where road reconstruction is 
out of reach. To that end, I respectfully request the inclusion 
of H.R. 3647, the Study on AI for Enhanced Crossing Safety Act, 
or the SAFE CROSS Act, to be included in the surface 
transportation reauthorization, as well. This bill would study 
this cost-effective approach to rail crossing safety and 
identify ways to expand its adoption.
    Additionally, I would like to work with the committee to 
find ways to expand eligibility for existing rail safety grant 
programs to include such cost-effective approaches which can 
help stretch Federal dollars further and save lives more 
quickly.
    Lastly, to switch gears yet again, as you know, ports rely 
on dredging projects to ensure shipping vessels can reach their 
facilities. However, some ports, including one in my district, 
have faced uncertainty around project timelines or outright 
delays. This disrupts supply chains and costs both ports and 
their customers hundreds of thousands, or even millions of 
dollars. This ultimately leads to higher prices for consumers.
    While ports rely heavily on these projects to operate, they 
are not always adequately consulted in the contract process, 
given adequate information, or promptly informed when there are 
delays. To address these issues, I am proud to co-lead H.R. 
6276, the Dredging Coordination Improvement Act, with 
Representative Mike Ezell. This bipartisan bill would clarify 
how the Army Corps works with stakeholders and maintenance 
dredging projects by requiring it to consult with relevant 
stakeholders, prioritizing commercial and navigation dredging, 
require prompt communication with non-Federal sponsors, and 
require transparency around capability numbers.
    I worked closely with the Corps to develop this 
legislation. I believe these modest provisions will merely 
clarify what the Corps says should already be happening. This 
legislation is needed to ensure everyone is on the same page 
across districts. I respectfully request that you include the 
Dredging Coordination Improvement Act in the upcoming WRDA for 
2026.
    Thank you again to you and your staff for your work on 
these important issues over the next several months. With that 
I yield back. Thank you, sir.
    [Mr. Mullin's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Kevin Mullin, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of California
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, thank you for the 
opportunity to testify about my priorities within the Committee's 
jurisdiction for the 119th Congress.
          1. Dredging Coordination Improvement Act (H.R. 6276)
    As you know, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducts routine 
maintenance dredging around the country to allow large ships to 
traverse waters that are naturally too shallow for them to pass. 
Dredging has also become even more important over time as the size of 
cargo and passenger ships has been increasing. More than 400 ports and 
25,000 miles of navigation channels are dredged on a regular basis.
    Ports rely on the completion of dredging projects to ensure 
shipping vessels can reach their facilities. However, in some cases, 
ports--including one in my district--have faced uncertainty around 
project timelines or outright delays, sometimes lasting many months. 
This disrupts supply chains and costs both ports and their customers, 
such as shipping companies, hundreds of thousands--or even millions--of 
dollars. Ports lose out on customers and revenue, and, when land-based 
transport is a viable alternative, their customers have to scramble to 
put trucks on the road or lose out on revenue. This is expensive for 
everyone involved, needlessly clogging roadways and leading to higher 
prices for consumers.
    The Corps generally contracts with dredging companies to perform 
this maintenance work, and it makes the ultimate decision about which 
channels to prioritize for dredging. However, while ports, as non-
Federal sponsors, rely heavily on these projects to operate, they are 
not always adequately consulted in the contract scoping or planning 
process, and are sometimes left in the dark when there are foreseeable 
delays. Some non-Federal sponsors also lack access to the Corps's 
``capability numbers,'' which is information needed to identify funding 
sources for the completion of projects.
    To address these issues, I am proud to co-lead the bipartisan 
Dredging Coordination Improvement Act (H.R. 6276) with Rep. Mike Ezell. 
This bill would clarify how the Army Corps works with stakeholders in 
maintenance dredging projects by requiring it to
      Consult with relevant stakeholders--the non-Federal 
sponsor at a minimum--on the scope and timeline of maintenance dredging 
projects;
      Prioritize to the extent practicable maintenance dredging 
in waters used for commercial and navigation before dredging in waters 
used primarily for other activities, such as recreation;
      Communicate promptly with non-Federal sponsors when there 
are changes to the performance timeline of projects; and
      Make capability numbers (i.e., the amount of available 
funds) for dredging activities available to non-Federal sponsors so 
they can plan ahead.

    I respectfully request that you include the Dredging Coordination 
Improvement Act in the upcoming Water Resources Development Act for 
2026.
                2. Empty Lots to Housing Act (H.R. 3459)
    There is broad, bipartisan agreement that the United States is in 
the midst of a severe housing crisis. Nationwide, we're short nearly 
4.9 million homes, and one in four renters spends more than half their 
income on rent. To address this, we need to increase housing supply--
especially near public transit.
    One important way to tackle this crisis is to repurpose 
underutilized land for housing. Across the country, roughly 276,000 
acres of government-owned land sit in transit-rich urban areas--prime 
locations for housing. Yet local and state governments face regulatory 
barriers when they try to redevelop many of these parcels because they 
were previously acquired with Federal dollars that have outdated 
strings attached. Many of these sites are ideally located near highways 
and public transportation but sit underutilized as vacant parking lots. 
Redeveloping these tracts for housing could help create transit-
oriented communities while easing the housing shortage.
    Congress has recently taken steps to address this issue. Section 
6609 of the FY22 National Defense Authorization Act authorized the 
Federal Transit Administration (FTA) to enable local governments to 
repurpose sites acquired with FTA funding for housing development. In 
FY24, Congress also directed the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) 
to work with state and local governments to do the same, but the agency 
has been unable to act because it lacks an authority parallel to that 
of FTA.
    To take just one example, in my district, a mostly vacant parking 
lot near a rapid transit station, which was purchased by our 
transportation agency decades ago with FHWA funds. It could be 
redeveloped into housing. Both the local agency and FHWA support this 
initiative, but FHWA does not currently have the authority to approve 
this change in use of the land.
    Empty Lots to Housing Act (H.R. 3459) is a bipartisan effort that 
would extend the same authority granted to the FTA to the FHWA. I am 
proud to co-lead this bipartisan bill with Rep. Chuck Edwards. The bill 
would enable state and local governments to transfer underutilized 
properties that were previously acquired with FHWA funds to nonprofits 
or other qualified entities to build transit-oriented development, 
reserving some units for affordable housing (consistent with FTA's 
parallel authority).
    I respectfully request that you include Empty Lots to Housing Act 
in the Surface Transportation Reauthorization.
                     3. SAFE CROSS Act (H.R. 3647)
    Each year, hundreds of Americans are killed or injured in 
collisions at railway crossings. In 2024, there were 2,261 such 
collisions nationwide, resulting in 262 fatalities and 763 injuries. 
Though collisions have dropped dramatically over the decades, recent 
years have seen the annual total hover around 2,000, underscoring the 
need for new, cost-effective solutions to protect drivers, pedestrians, 
and rail workers.
    The gold standard for preventing collisions is full grade 
separation--raising or lowering a roadway or rail line so the two no 
longer intersect. While effective, these projects are enormously 
expensive and slow to complete. Grade separations can cost hundreds of 
millions of dollars and take years or even decades to plan, fund, and 
construct, leaving dangerous crossings unaddressed in the meantime.
    New, technology-driven approaches can offer a faster and more 
affordable path to improving safety. In the San Francisco Bay Area, 
Caltrain has piloted a system that uses lidar, cameras, and artificial 
intelligence to detect patterns of use and identify hazards at 
crossings in real time. The system can then alert train engineers, 
dispatchers, and law enforcement to potential threats--helping prevent 
collisions before they occur. Implemented for just $300,000, the pilot 
cost a fraction of the $889 million estimated for a grade separation at 
the same site and was deployed within months, not years. While tech-
driven solutions are not a substitute for full grade separation, they 
can provide meaningful safety improvements in the interim and where 
road reconstruction is out of reach.
    To assess whether such technologies can enhance safety nationwide, 
the Study on AI For Enhanced Crossing Safety (SAFE CROSS) Act (H.R. 
3647) directs the Federal Railroad Administration to:
      Study the potential safety benefits of AI-enabled sensors 
at rail crossings;
      Conduct a cost-benefit analysis comparing AI-based and 
traditional safety measures, including grade separations; and
      Identify best practices for implementing AI-enabled 
sensors across the U.S. rail network.

    By promoting the use of modern, AI-driven safety technology, the 
SAFE CROSS Act would make at least some of America's rail crossings 
safer, ultimately saving lives. Please consider including this bill in 
the forthcoming Surface Transportation Reauthorization.
    Thank you again to you and your staff for your work on these 
important issues over the next several months.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Wittman for 5 minutes.

   TESTIMONY OF HON. ROBERT J. WITTMAN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
           CONGRESS FROM THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

    Mr. Wittman. Chairman Ezell, Ranking Member Carson, thanks 
again for the opportunity today to present to you some of the 
issues that we are dealing with there in Virginia's First 
District.
    We are blessed and we have magnificent natural resources, 
hundreds of miles of shoreline along the Chesapeake Bay. And 
for our communities, they are lifelines to local economies. You 
take an example like the Little Wicomico River, which is right 
there near the mouth of the Rappahannock River as it--excuse 
me, the Potomac River--as it meets the Chesapeake Bay, a 
critical place for local economy. It is connected to commercial 
fishermen, to boaters, to our economy. It is an important part 
of the history there, the culture, the economy. All those 
things play an important part in where the river finds itself 
today and its impact on the locality.
    For Northumberland County, this is a lifeline. This is the 
way that commercial watermen transact business. It is a way, 
too, that organizations, volunteer organizations--we have a 
group of volunteer citizens that answer distress calls from 
boaters, a group called Smith Point Sea Rescue. When a distress 
call goes out, they get there faster than the U.S. Coast Guard 
can get there, because the Coast Guard is at distance. The 
challenge for them is that the inlet there at the Little 
Wicomico River is starting to shoal in. It is starting to 
accumulate sediment. So on low tide, many times, it is 
impossible for them to get out.
    If you are a waterman and you have to transact business--my 
son is a commercial fisherman. His colleagues there in the 
area, if they have to transact business and try to get out 
during certain tidal conditions, they can't get out. That would 
be like getting in your car, trying to go to work each day and 
not being able to go to work because of those conditions. It is 
incredibly important that we do this maintenance dredging. It 
is a fairly small project, but an incredibly important project 
for that region.
    So my ask is for the committee to make sure that we include 
that in the provisions in this year's transportation bill and 
WRDA. Those things are incredibly important. And while it seems 
little on the scale, for a county like Northumberland, where 
massive parts of the economy are tied to the Chesapeake Bay, 
this truly is about the success or failure of people that are 
answering the distress calls of boaters, about the success or 
failure of people that rely on the water for their living. So 
my ask is a simple one, but one that is incredibly important 
for our region. And I look forward to continuing to work with 
the committee to provide any additional information that you 
all need to make sure that we are able to get this simple but 
critically important project underway.
    Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member, thanks again, and I 
appreciate your service.
    [Mr. Wittman's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. Robert J. Wittman, a Representative in 
               Congress From the Commonwealth of Virginia
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, Members of the Committee--I 
am grateful to join you today to share more about Virginia's First 
District.
    Virginia's First District is full of natural resources that play 
important roles in the culture, economy, history, and recreation of our 
communities.
    Of note, the Little Wicomico River is located at the junction 
between the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay and serves as a 
lifeline for Northumberland County's watermen, boaters, and local 
businesses.
    Today, it is in clear need of maintenance dredging.
    Over time, sediment has built up--narrowing the channel, making 
navigation more difficult and limiting reliable access to docks, 
marinas, and working waterfronts, while also disrupting natural tidal 
flow.
    As an avid outdoorsman, I've seen firsthand how well-maintained 
waterways support both access and conservation--allowing watermen to 
work safely, recreational boaters to navigate with confidence, and 
marine habitats to remain productive.
    As I continue to work with this Committee, the Administration, and 
stakeholders--both state and local, I want to thank you for allowing me 
the opportunity to raise this important issue to you today.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Ruiz for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. RAUL RUIZ, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                    THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

    Dr. Ruiz. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member, members 
of the committee. Thank you for the opportunity to speak today.
    Like millions of Americans, I would wager that everyone in 
this room has attended a Major League Baseball game, a football 
game, or a concert. Yet currently, aviation safety doesn't 
consistently ensure their protection. That is why I am proud to 
have introduced the Protecting Outdoor Concerts Act of 2025, 
commonsense legislation to close that gap and keep people safe.
    Under current law, the Federal Aviation Administration 
already issues temporary flight restrictions, TFRs, around 
major sporting events like NFL games, Major League Baseball 
games, NCAA Division 1 football, and other large stadium sports 
events with a threshold of 30,000 people or more. These 
restrictions prevent manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft 
systems like drones flying in defined airspace around these 
venues 1 hour before until 1 hour after the event, specifically 
to protect people on the ground and in the air.
    But here is the inconsistency, Mr. Chairman: that 
protection does not currently extend to outdoor concerts or 
music festivals, even when they draw the same or more people, 
or even more than a sold-out NFL game. Let me draw your 
attention to this graph.
    [Chart.]
    Dr. Ruiz. This is the threshold for those protections. 
These are sporting events. These are concerts. Taylor Swift, a 
typical concert with 70,000 people, Taylor Swift record 
concert, 96,000 people. Coachella Stagecoach weekend with 
150,000 people, yet these people are not protected by the law 
and safety. So under current law, low-flying aircraft and 
drones are restricted during sporting events, but the same 
protections don't automatically apply when a stadium hosts a 
concert, leaving concertgoers unprotected. This bill closes 
that gap.
    To put this in real terms, imagine a scenario where a major 
pop star--let's say Taylor Swift--were to perform at the same 
outdoor Kansas City Chiefs stadium where her fiance, Travis 
Kelce, just finished a game earlier that day, okay? An NFL game 
in a stadium like this routinely draws 65,000 to 70,000 fans, 
and a sold-out Taylor Swift concert can exceed 70,000 
attendees, with her most notable concert having 96,000 people 
in attendance. One might say the stadium is already in its 
``Taylor's Version'' era, meaning tens of thousands of people 
could be gathered in the same venue under the same conditions, 
but receive very different safety protections under current FAA 
rules.
    Under current rules, the crowd at the football games 
benefit from an FAA-issued TFR with restricted airspace above 
them from an hour before kickoff until an hour after the game 
ends. But once the game is over and the field is turned over to 
a concert audience of 60,000 or more, the same amount of people 
or more, there is no guarantee that the same temporary flight 
protections apply to that crowd of concertgoers, artists, 
staff, and nearby residents, even though the risks from 
airborne threats like drones or low-flying aircraft remain the 
same.
    This bill would correct that discrepancy so that concerts, 
festivals, and other large outdoor gatherings with 30,000 or 
more people receive the same baseline airspace protections that 
major sporting events do today.
    Why is this important to me? It is especially important in 
my district, where annual events like the Coachella Valley 
Music and Arts Festival and Stagecoach Festival attract 
hundreds of thousands of attendees over multiple weekends, and 
currently lack a clear statutory pathway for FAA to issue these 
TFRs to protect my constituents and the concertgoers in my 
district under uniform standards.
    By directing the FAA to issue or revise regulations for 
TFRs over qualifying outdoor concerts and festivals, this 
legislation enhances public safety and gives law enforcement 
and event organizers clear tools to secure the airspace, and 
aligns with the treatment of these events with longstanding 
protections already afforded to major sporting events.
    I look forward to working with the committee, especially 
those Swifties that I see laughing very hard on the staff 
behind you, to move this bill forward and to closing this 
safety gap for concertgoers, workers, artists, and communities 
across our country.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Dr. Ruiz's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Raul Ruiz, a Representative in Congress From 
                        the State of California
    Chair, Ranking Member, and Members of the Committee, thank you for 
the opportunity to speak today.
    Like millions of Americans, I would wager that everyone in this 
room has attended a major league baseball game, a football game, or a 
concert. Yet current aviation safety laws don't consistently ensure 
their protection.
    That's why I am proud to have introduced the Protecting Outdoor 
Concerts Act of 2025, commonsense legislation to close that gap and 
keep people safe.
    Under current law, the Federal Aviation Administration already 
issues temporary flight restrictions, what we call TFRs, around major 
sporting events like NFL games, Major League Baseball games, NCAA 
Division I football, and other large stadium events.
    These restrictions prevent manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft 
systems, like drones, from flying in defined airspace around these 
venues one hour before until one hour after the event, specifically to 
protect people on the ground and in the air.
    But here is the inconsistency: that protection does not currently 
extend to outdoor concerts or music festivals, even when they draw the 
same or more people or more than a sold-out NFL game.
    Under current law, low-flying aircraft and drones are restricted 
during sporting events, but the same protections don't automatically 
apply when a stadium hosts a concert, leaving concertgoers unprotected. 
This bill closes that gap.
    To put this in real terms: imagine a scenario where a major pop 
artist, say, Taylor Swift, were to perform at the same outdoor football 
stadium where her fiance, Travis Kelce, just finished a game earlier 
that day.
    An NFL game in a stadium like this routinely draws 65,000 to 70,000 
fans, and a sold-out Taylor Swift concert can exceed 70,000 attendees, 
with her most notable concert having 96,000 people in attendance.
    One might say the stadium is already in its Taylor's Version era.
    Meaning tens of thousands of people could be gathered in the same 
venue, under the same conditions, but receive very different safety 
protections under current FAA rules.
    Under current rules, the crowd at the football game benefits from 
an FAA-issued TFR with restricted airspace above them from an hour 
before kickoff until an hour after the game ends.
    But once the game is over and the field is turned over to a concert 
audience of 60,000 or more, there is no guarantee that the same 
temporary flight protections apply to that crowd of concertgoers, 
artists, staff, and nearby residents, even though the risks from 
airborne threats like drones or low-flying aircraft remain the same.
    This bill would correct that discrepancy so that concerts, 
festivals, and other large outdoor gatherings with 30,000 or more 
people receive the same baseline airspace protections that major 
sporting events do today.
    This is especially important in my district, where annual events 
like the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival and Stagecoach 
Festival attract hundreds of thousands of attendees over multiple 
weekends and currently lack a clear statutory pathway for FAA to issue 
these temporary flight restrictions under uniform standards.
    By directing the FAA to issue or revise regulations for TFRs over 
qualifying outdoor concerts and festivals, this legislation enhances 
public safety, gives law enforcement and event organizers clear tools 
to secure the airspace, and aligns the treatment of these events with 
longstanding protections already afforded to major sporting events.
    I look forward to working with the Committee to move this bill 
forward and to closing this safety gap for concertgoers, workers, 
artists, and communities across our country.
    Thank you.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Gonzalez for 5 minutes.

    TESTIMONY OF HON. VICENTE GONZALEZ, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
                CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF TEXAS

    Mr. Vicente Gonzalez of Texas. Thank you, Chairman Graves 
and Ranking Member Larsen, for holding today's Member hearing.
    As you prepare your agenda for the second session of the 
119th Congress, I appreciate the opportunity to highlight two 
key issues affecting south Texas: modernizing local drainage 
infrastructure and ongoing efforts to construct a sea water 
desalination plant in the Corpus Christi region.
    South Texas is disproportionately prone to severe flooding 
from heavy rainstorms and hurricanes due to our landscape and 
aging infrastructure. The Raymondville Drain will improve our 
region's ability to withstand flooding by building new drainage 
channels, widening existing ones, and making additional 
improvements to approximately a 63-mile drainage system from 
Edinburg, Texas, all the way to the Laguna Madre on the coast.
    Over the last few years, south Texas has suffered multiple 
major floods that have cost our region hundreds of millions of 
dollars in damage. The completion of this project is critical 
to mitigating future floods and enhancing drainage capacity. It 
is also cost-effective and in the long term will save the 
Federal Government billions of dollars to prevent the 
widespread damage of another disaster.
    For families I represent in the region, excessive rainfall 
and these dangerous floods have forced many to evacuate their 
homes and abandon their businesses while waiting to be rescued. 
For example, according to NOAA, a devastating 3-day flooding 
that we experienced last year resulted in $100 million in 
damage. This was just a short, 3-day slight flooding that we 
had. Congress must do more to effectively address the risk of 
severe flooding in communities like ours.
    Therefore, it is crucial that projects like the 
Raymondville drain continue to move forward. This was 
originally authorized in 1986. Boy, I was in high school when 
this was happening. So that's 38 years ago. I urge both this 
committee and the Army Corps to stay focused on quickly 
completing projects like the Raymondville drain to ensure they 
don't lose momentum.
    Once the Raymondville drain is completed, it will 
substantially improve stormwater management, and I urge this 
project--the insurance industry was in my office not too long 
ago, asking me how can we derisk and improve conditions so we 
can continue selling policies in places like Texas and Florida 
and others. Well, this is a project that, if we don't invest 
in, when we get a category 3 or 4, which will eventually come, 
it will cost the Government billions and billions of dollars 
for us to recover. This reminds me of the levee in New Orleans 
before that storm, that if it had been fixed at a drop-in-a-
bucket price, would have just prevented massive devastation 
that occurred in that region. So it is an important project. It 
is something that we should be looking at from a national 
security perspective.
    Additionally, I want to talk about a desalination plant in 
the Corpus Christi region, something that you all might have 
read about recently. There is a massive water shortage in 
Nueces County, Corpus Christi, a major energy exporting port 
that we have there. We don't have the water to sustain a long-
term economic vision in terms of energy and just sustaining 
water for the population that lives there. It was recently on 
the front page of the Wall Street Journal. This is a major 
impact and a national security issue for the country.
    This city, this small community cannot sustain this type of 
investment. We need the Federal Government to step in. For 
example, the city of Corpus Christi is currently facing a 
severe water shortage and is projected to hit a level 1 water 
emergency by November of 2026. If this happens, Corpus Christi 
will be forced to enact a mandatory 25-percent cut across the 
board in municipal water use, which will be devastating to the 
area.
    But more than anything, I want to bring attention to the 
oil and gas. It is the largest oil and gas exporting port 
outside of Houston in the country, and one in the world. It 
really requires the Federal Government to step in and fix this. 
We need potable water for the community and the population of 
Corpus, and we also need the water resources to ensure we can 
continue to export energy to the world and to sustain our 
economic viability for the region.
    I urge this committee to please pay close attention to 
these two projects. One would save hundreds of billions of 
dollars in the event of a--just a category 3 or 4 that will 
inevitably hit our State at some point in the southern part of 
the State, and then the other aspect is this energy exporting 
that will come to a halt, and it will be devastating also to 
the people that live in Corpus Christi.
    So with that, I yield back.
    [Mr. Vicente Gonzalez of Texas' prepared statement 
follows:]

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. Vicente Gonzalez, a Representative in 
                    Congress From the State of Texas
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for holding 
today's Member Day hearing.
    As you prepare your agenda for the second session of the 119th 
Congress, I appreciate the opportunity to highlight two key issues 
affecting South Texas; modernizing local drainage infrastructure and 
ongoing efforts to construct a seawater desalination plant.
    South Texas is disproportionately prone to severe flooding from 
heavy rainstorms and hurricanes due to our landscape and aging 
infrastructure.
    The Raymondville Drain Project will improve our region's ability to 
withstand flooding by building new drainage channels, widening existing 
ones, and making additional improvements to the approximate 63-mile 
drainage system from Edinburg Lake in Hidalgo County, Texas, to the 
Laguna Madre in Willacy County, Texas.
    Over the last few years, South Texas has suffered from multiple, 
major floods that have cost our region hundreds of millions of dollars 
in damage.
    The completion of this project is critical to mitigating future 
floods and enhancing drainage capacity. It is also cost effective and, 
in the long term, will save the Federal government substantially more 
money to prevent widespread damage from a disaster rather than rebuild 
in its aftermath.
    For families I represent, excessive rainfall and these dangerous 
floods have forced many to evacuate their homes and abandon vehicles or 
property while waiting to be rescued.
    For example, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration (NOAA), a devastating three-day flooding period in South 
Texas last year resulted in at least $100 million in damage.
    Congress must do more to effectively address the risk of severe 
flooding in communities like mine.
    Therefore, it is crucial that projects like the Raymondville Drain 
continue to move forward, originally authorized in the 1986 WRDA (Water 
Resources Development Act)--that's 38 years ago--and expanded by WRDA 
2007.
    I urge both this Committee and the Army Corps to stay focused on 
quickly completing projects like the Raymondville Drain to ensure they 
don't lose momentum.
    Once the Raymondville Drain is completed it will substantially 
improve storm water management for our region.
    I want to thank the Committee for including a provision in WRDA 
2024 directing Army Corps to expedite the review and coordination of 
this feasibility study.
    Once this review has been completed, I urge the Committee to 
consider including language authorizing the construction of this vital 
project in WRDA 2026 or any eligible vehicle.
    Additionally, I want to stress the importance of desalination 
plants for the Committee.
    Although South Texas is prone to floods, we don't have the 
infrastructure to capture and store excess floodwater for use during 
the state's frequent droughts. So, we must come up with innovative 
solutions, or we won't be able to meet demands soon.
    For example, the City of Corpus Christi is currently facing a 
severe water shortage and is projected to hit a level one water 
emergency by November 2026.
    If this happens, Corpus Christi will be forced to enact a mandatory 
25 percent cut across the board in municipal water use that will have a 
devastating impact for the area.
    To prevent this outcome, the city is currently working on several 
different desalination proposals including the Inner Harbor 
Desalination Project and the Harbor Island Seawater Desalination 
Facility.
    These projects will greatly improve South Texas' long-term water 
security and are an essential part of our region's drought-proof water 
strategy.
    As you and your colleagues on the Committee begin the process of 
crafting legislation to strengthen our national water infrastructure, I 
urge you to keep the vital importance of these desalination projects in 
mind.
    Thank you, and I yield back the remainder of my time.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Moskowitz for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. JARED MOSKOWITZ, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF FLORIDA

    Mr. Moskowitz. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I have come here 
today to talk to you about FEMA like I did last year on Member 
Day.
    Just to remind you, I was the director of emergency 
management for the State of Florida, for Governor DeSantis, a 
Republican Governor who appointed a Democrat to do the job, 
because emergency management is nonpartisan and has always been 
nonpartisan. I even met with the White House early on about the 
FEMA administrative position, further proving my commitment to 
bipartisanship when it comes to FEMA.
    I thought the President was exactly right that FEMA needed 
reform. There is no doubt that FEMA had become too 
bureaucratic, too slow, a giant grant agency, and not as 
focused on response as they were on the grant writing. They 
were doing grants for all of Homeland, well outside the 
purview. And so I thought the idea of FEMA reform was 
important. I supported the President establishing the FEMA 
Council. I thought putting a Council together to come up with 
ideas for reforms for Congress was a good idea. I was 
considered for the Council, in fact, at the time.
    But since then, Mr. Chairman, what has happened with the 
Council, with the report, and with FEMA is real bad. So the 
FEMA Council had their last meeting. They wanted to put 
together a report. The report was 160 pages long. It was going 
to include the fact that the Council wanted to recommend to 
take FEMA out of Homeland and make it an independent agency. 
Kristi Noem had that removed from the report by herself. She 
forced the Council to support that. Not only that, she took the 
report that was 160 pages and did not submit that to the White 
House. She took that and made it a 20-page report and took a 
lot of recommendations out from the Council and submitted that 
to the White House.
    You will notice the report has still not come out. Why has 
the report not come out? Because the White House has paused 
that report. The White House is the one who also paused her 
last meeting that she was supposed to chair because of what 
Kristi Noem has done with the Council.
    Now, I would proffer to you that Kristi Noem is not even in 
charge of what is going on with this. There are other people, 
SGEs, that are the ones running this program. I don't know if 
you are aware of this, but secretly they tried to move FEMA to 
Texas with little oversight. The White House became aware of 
that. They also now have a secret memo to fold FEMA into 
Homeland without congressional approval. I am getting that from 
within the Department.
    Take the State of Florida for a second. We are owed $608 
million on Alligator Alcatraz. Remember that Alligator 
Alcatraz, President Trump went and visited? The State of 
Florida has gotten zero dollars in reimbursement even though it 
was approved. The State of Florida is owed $2 billion still 
from federally declared disasters, Presidentially approved 
disasters. None of that money has come. None of it. Florida is 
not the only one; all of your States are having the same 
problem.
    Now, why are we having this problem? Secretary Noem set a 
policy that anything over $100,000 has to come to her desk. Why 
set that policy? Why? I will tell you why. Because there are 
grifters within the Department that are making money off of 
that. They want to know where the money is going. And then what 
they are doing is they are forcing States to hire certain 
lobbying firms to get that money out of the Department. There 
is dramatic criminal activity going on there. This is somewhat 
well known, by the way, in the emergency management circles, in 
State circles, in Governors' offices. This is well known 
throughout DC, but no one seems to talk about it.
    FEMA is approaching, in my opinion, to the point that it 
may become unfixable. What the President set out and was right 
to do, which was to reform FEMA. What the Secretary has allowed 
to happen on her watch is the destruction of FEMA. And that 
will come, in my opinion, that will come at the cost to red 
States more than blue States. It will come at the cost of 
poorer States than rich States. It will come at the cost of 
rural Americans, farmers. It will come at the cost of people 
that put them in power.
    And so, Mr. Chairman, as I conclude, I am deeply worried 
about what is going on at FEMA. And I ask again that this 
committee and Homeland take a larger role on saving what we 
know of FEMA.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Mr. Moskowitz's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Jared Moskowitz, a Representative in 
                   Congress From the State of Florida
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of 
the Committee. As the Representative for Florida's 23rd Congressional 
District--and the only former statewide Emergency Management Director 
to ever serve in Congress--I appreciate the opportunity to speak with 
you today about how current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 
policies are affecting states' ability to recover from disasters. While 
states are being asked to respond faster and shoulder greater upfront 
costs, recent changes in FEMA's reimbursement and approval processes 
have slowed the delivery of federal assistance that states and local 
governments are relying on.
    Today, states are struggling to plan ahead due to unprecedented 
delays and policy shifts at FEMA. In late 2025, FEMA postponed roughly 
$11 billion in disaster reimbursements to 45 states, shifting payments 
originally planned for fiscal year 2025 into fiscal year 2026 without a 
clear timeline for when those funds would be delivered. This decision 
created significant uncertainty for state and local governments that 
had already incurred disaster response costs and were relying on timely 
federal reimbursement to support ongoing recovery efforts. These delays 
reflect more than a one-time funding decision and point to broader 
changes in how FEMA is being administered.
    These reimbursement delays are part of a broader pattern in which 
recent Department of Homeland Security (DHS) policy changes have 
centralized decision making and slowed execution, creating obstacles 
for states during both emergency response and long-term recovery. Under 
DHS Secretary Kristi Noem, the Department instituted a directive 
requiring the Secretary's personal approval for all project 
expenditures exceeding $100,000, including routine FEMA disaster 
projects, inserting political-level review into time-sensitive 
operational decisions.
    As someone who has managed disasters at the state level, I have 
long believed that FEMA's placement within DHS slows the agency down 
and burdens it with unnecessary bureaucracy. FEMA's mission is 
operational and time sensitive, yet department wide policies and an 
increasingly politicized approval process now dictate how and when the 
agency can act. This structure reduces FEMA's flexibility, delays 
critical decisions, and leaves states waiting on reimbursements for 
costs they have already incurred. Any serious effort to improve 
disaster recovery must address these structural constraints and ensure 
FEMA can operate with the speed and focus its mission requires.
    That is why I previously introduced the FEMA Independence Act, to 
restore FEMA as a stand-alone agency with a direct line to the 
President and remove it from DHS-wide bureaucratic constraints that 
slow decision making. I appreciate that this Committee has carried that 
reform forward through the bipartisan H.R. 4669, the Fixing Emergency 
Management for Americans Act. FEMA needs the ability to act quickly, 
cut through bureaucracy, and lead when disaster strikes.
    While that is an important step in the right direction, I also 
believe we should continue exploring ways to give states more 
flexibility in how they administer disaster recovery programs. That is 
why I introduced the Disaster Housing Flexibility Act and the Disaster 
Response Flexibility Act to allow states to opt into a block grant 
model for housing and public assistance. These proposals are rooted in 
my experience managing state block grant programs during my time as the 
Director of Florida's Division of Emergency Management, where getting 
resources out the door quickly made a real difference.
    These kinds of reforms are not about shifting responsibility. They 
are about recognizing that some states have the capacity and readiness 
to move faster--and we should empower them to do so when appropriate. A 
voluntary block grant framework would allow FEMA to focus more of its 
capacity on states that need the most federal support, while giving 
states with strong emergency management infrastructure more say in 
their own recovery. Not only would it reduce administrative burden and 
increase efficiency, it would also give states the flexibility to 
tailor assistance in ways that make the best use of available 
resources. It is a flexible, scalable model worth considering as we 
look ahead.
    When disasters overwhelm state and local capacity--whether 
hurricanes, wildfires, floods, tornadoes, or extreme heat--FEMA 
provides the coordination, expertise, and resources that make recovery 
possible. Weakening the agency through structural constraints and 
policy-driven delays does not make states stronger. It leaves them 
carrying more risk, waiting longer for assistance, and less prepared 
for the next disaster.
    You all have taken a critical step forward by restoring FEMA's 
independence and exploring new ways to cut red tape and strengthen the 
federal-state partnership. I appreciate the Committee's work to advance 
these reforms, and I look forward to continuing the conversation about 
how we make FEMA stronger, smarter, and more responsive for the 
challenges ahead.
    Thank you again for the opportunity to testify today.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields back. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Case for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. ED CASE, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                      THE STATE OF HAWAII

    Mr. Case. Thank you, Chair, Ranking Member, members of the 
committee, and I really appreciate the opportunity to share my 
priorities for matters under your committee's jurisdiction for 
the remainder of the 119th Congress. Today I especially ask for 
your continued support of the U.S. Coast Guard, especially in 
terms of its critical role in the Indo-Pacific.
    Now, my home State, of course, as an ocean State, relies 
heavily on and has benefited greatly from the presence of the 
Coast Guard. We fully appreciate the Coast Guard's direct 
support of Hawaii residents through its District Oceania 
headquarters in Honolulu in performance of its statutory 
missions like search and rescue and maritime environmental 
protection. But today I would like to especially highlight the 
Coast Guard's indispensable role for our country beyond Hawaii 
throughout the broader Pacific.
    Of course, the Pacific Islands region has long held 
critical importance to our country on a number of fronts. 
However, I think we can all recognize that our engagement has 
suffered from cycles of insufficient focus, attention, and 
presence, a situation the People's Republic of China and its 
friends have been only too willing to exploit. And this, of 
course, includes the PRC's own ``Coast Guard,'' which falls 
under the People's Armed Police, a paramilitary force that 
reports to the PRC's Central Military Commission, as well as 
its maritime militia, also a projection of its Armed Forces.
    Our Coast Guard, in stark contrast, is uniquely positioned 
to advance our engagement, especially in face of rising 
tensions in the Indo-Pacific region. The Coast Guard's 
expertise lends itself particularly to strengthening presence 
and partnerships, focusing on maritime law enforcement, and 
addressing gray zone tactics through capacity building, joint 
patrols, and other means.
    In addition, the Coast Guard has a highly respected track 
record of assisting partner nations, especially the island 
nations of the Pacific, with their real-world challenges from 
maritime domain awareness, exclusive economic zone and 
fisheries protection, including through joint ship rider 
agreements, high seas fisheries treaty enforcement, 
transnational law enforcement, search and rescue, and 
humanitarian aid. For all these reasons, the white hulls of the 
Coast Guard are widely accepted and welcomed throughout the 
Indo-Pacific, and leaders in the region have consistently 
requested a larger Coast Guard presence.
    Yet despite its current and especially potential 
contributions to our Indo-Pacific engagement, the reality is 
that the Coast Guard does not have today the full suite of 
authorities and resources to conduct this expanding mission. As 
one response to enhance the Coast Guard's role, Congressman 
Trent Kelly and I introduced a bipartisan H.R. 3397, the 
Pacific Ready Coast Guard Act. Our bill would help our Coast 
Guard transform into one that is fully prepared to take on the 
unique challenges and opportunities that the Pacific region 
poses in this Pacific century.
    Specifically, it would establish a Coast Guard-led Center 
of Expertise in Indo-Pacific Maritime Governance. Its mission 
would be to work with partner nations to provide and facilitate 
education and research on maritime governance best practices, 
including how to build critical regional State capacity.
    Additionally, our bill would also require the Coast Guard 
to issue an annual plan for its operations in the Indo-Pacific, 
evaluate the feasibility of a standing Indo-Pacific maritime 
group to conduct humanitarian and law enforcement missions in 
the Indo-Pacific, review the feasibility of establishing more 
forward-operating bases in the Pacific, and advise on expanding 
Coast Guard attache positions in U.S. Embassies in the region.
    Thanks to bipartisan support of our bill, the provision 
requiring the Coast Guard to issue an annual plan for Indo-
Pacific operations was signed into law with the fiscal year 
2026 National Defense Authorization Act after its inclusion in 
the Coast Guard Authorization Act. The Pacific Ready Coast 
Guard Act will further focus on specific areas where Coast 
Guard operations and resources in the Indo-Pacific should be 
updated and expanded to match the Coast Guard's expanded 
mission and to fully realize its potential contributions to our 
increased engagement throughout this critical region.
    I ask for the committee's continued consideration and 
support of our measure, and sincerely appreciate the 
committee's consideration not only of this bill but of all 
efforts to expand and improve the Coast Guard's presence in our 
critical Indo-Pacific region. Mahalo.
    [Mr. Case's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Ed Case, a Representative in Congress From 
                          the State of Hawaii
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee:
    Mahalo for the opportunity to share my priorities for matters under 
your Committee's jurisdiction for the 119th Congress. In particular, I 
ask for your continued support of the U.S. Coast Guard, especially its 
critical role in the Indo-Pacific.
    My home state of Hawai`i relies heavily on and has benefited 
greatly from the presence of the Coast Guard. We fully appreciate the 
Coast Guard's direct support of Hawai`i residents, both generally and 
through its District Oceania headquarters in Honolulu, in performance 
of its statutory missions like search and rescue and maritime 
environmental protection. But I would like to especially highlight the 
Coast Guard's indispensable role beyond Hawai`i throughout the broader 
Pacific.
    The Pacific Islands region has long held critical importance to our 
country on a number of fronts. However, our engagement has suffered 
from cycles of insufficient focus, attention and presence, a situation 
the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been only too willing to 
exploit. This includes the PRC's Coast Guard, which falls under the 
People's Armed Police, a paramilitary force that reports to the PRC's 
Central Military Commission, as well as its maritime militia, also a 
projection of its armed forces.
    Our Coast Guard is uniquely positioned to advance our engagement, 
especially in the face of rising tensions in the Indo-Pacific region. 
The Coast Guard's expertise lends itself particularly strengthening 
presence and partnerships, focusing on maritime law enforcement and 
addressing ``gray zone'' tactics through capacity building, joint 
patrols and other means. In addition, the Coast Guard has a respected 
track record of assisting partner nations, especially the island 
nations of the Pacific, with their real-world challenges, from maritime 
domain awareness, exclusive economic zone and fisheries protection 
(including through joint shiprider agreements) high seas fisheries 
treaty enforcement, transnational law enforcement, search and rescue 
and humanitarian aid.
    For all of these reasons, the white hulls of the Coast Guard are 
widely accepted and welcomed throughout the Indo-Pacific, and leaders 
in the region have consistently requested a larger Coast Guard 
presence. Yet, despite its current and especially potential 
contributions to our Indo-Pacific engagement, the reality is that the 
Coast Guard does not have the full suite of authorities and resources 
to conduct its expanding mission.
    As one response, to enhance the Coast Guard's role, Congressman 
Trent Kelly and I introduced H.R. 3397, the Pacific Ready Coast Guard 
Act. This bill would help our Coast Guard transform into one that is 
fully prepared to take on the unique challenges and opportunities that 
the Pacific region poses in this Pacific Century. Specifically, it 
would establish a Coast Guard-led Center of Expertise in Indo-Pacific 
Maritime Governance. Its mission would be to work with partner nations 
to provide and facilitate education and research on maritime governance 
best practices, including how to build critical regional state 
capacity.
    Additionally, our bill would also require the Coast Guard to issue 
an annual plan for its operations in the Indo-Pacific, evaluate the 
feasibility of a standing Indo-Pacific Maritime Group to conduct 
humanitarian and law enforcement missions in the Indo-Pacific, review 
the feasibility of establishing more forward operating bases in the 
Pacific and advise on expanding Coast Guard attache positions in U.S. 
embassies in the region. Thanks to bipartisan support of our bill, the 
provision requiring the Coast Guard to issue an annual plan for its 
operations in the Indo-Pacific was signed into law with the Fiscal Year 
2026 National Defense Authorization Act after its inclusion in the 
Coast Guard Authorization Act.
    The Pacific Ready Coast Guard Act will further focus on specific 
areas where Coast Guard operations and resources in the Indo-Pacific 
should be updated and expanded to match the Coast Guard's expanded 
mission and to fully realize its potential contributions to our 
increased engagement throughout this critical region. I ask for the 
Committee's continued consideration and support of our measure.
    I sincerely appreciate this Committee's consideration of the bill 
and the Coast Guard's presence in the critical Indo-Pacific region.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Rose for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. JOHN W. ROSE, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF TENNESSEE

    Mr. Rose. Thank you, Congressman Ezell. Thank you also to 
Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen for holding this 
Member Day hearing.
    The reauthorization of surface transportation programs 
strengthens both national and economic security. It also gives 
States the long-term certainty they need to plan and deliver 
important infrastructure projects. With the current 
authorization expiring later this year, it is imperative that 
we work to pass a surface transportation reauthorization that 
includes commonsense policies such as emphasizing formula-based 
funding, increasing State flexibility while reducing 
administrative burdens, addressing redistribution challenges, 
and improving Build America, Buy America execution.
    For Tennesseans, funding certainty is a top priority. We 
can achieve this by prioritizing formula-based transportation 
programs over discretionary grants. These funding formulas 
should be simple, transparent, and based on factors such as 
population and lane mileage. Reliable funding allows for 
consistent progress in safety improvements, economic growth, 
and modernization of our infrastructure.
    However, formula-based funding alone is not enough. State 
flexibility is equally important. Streamlining surface 
transportation programming and consolidating duplicative 
programs will improve efficiency. States must have the ability 
to move funds across programs and split-fund projects to meet 
their unique needs. Instead of creating new mandatory programs, 
we should expand existing program eligibilities to cover supply 
chain resilience, system security, intelligent transportation 
systems, and workforce development.
    Additionally, States will have greater planning certainty 
by reducing August redistribution and maximizing formula 
dollars upfront. While the redistribution process helps ensure 
States can obligate all available funds before the fiscal year 
ends, it often requires State transportation departments to 
commit billions of dollars in a single month, in some cases up 
to $7.9 billion, making strategic planning difficult. By 
minimizing redistribution, front-loading formula funding, and 
adopting a 4-year obligation window with flexible transfer 
options, States can manage resources more efficiently and make 
smarter long-term investments.
    Next, administrative burdens must be reduced. Enforcing One 
Federal Decision principles will accelerate project delivery 
and reduce unnecessary delays. Standardizing NEPA requirements 
across transportation agencies and expanding Federal authority 
assignments to capable States will further streamline 
processes. Federal agencies should interpret legislative intent 
with deference to State departments of transportation, 
recognizing their on-the-ground expertise and their local 
insight.
    Finally, improvements to Build America, Buy America 
execution are needed to prevent project delays. Streamlining 
the rules, simplifying waiver procedures, and enhancing 
transparency in waiver reviews will bring greater consistency. 
Creating a centralized database of compliant materials and 
approved waivers will give States clarity and confidence as 
they manage federally funded projects. Together, these reforms 
will provide the certainty, flexibility, and efficiency needed 
to strengthen America's transportation network and empower 
States to deliver infrastructure that supports safety, economic 
vitality, and long-term resilience.
    Thank you again for allowing me to speak today on surface 
transportation reauthorization priorities for Tennesseans, and 
I look forward to passing a reauthorization that puts America 
first. Thank you.
    [Mr. Rose's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. John W. Rose, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of Tennessee
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for holding 
this Member Day hearing.
    The reauthorization of surface transportation programs strengthens 
both national and economic security. It also gives states the long-term 
certainty they need to plan and deliver important infrastructure 
projects. With the current authorization expiring later this year, it 
is imperative that we work to pass a surface transportation 
reauthorization that includes common sense policies such as emphasizing 
formula-based funding, increasing state flexibility while reducing 
administrative burdens, addressing redistribution challenges, and 
improving Build America, Buy America execution.
    For Tennesseans, funding certainty is a top priority. We can 
achieve this by prioritizing formula-based transportation programs over 
discretionary grants. These funding formulas should be simple, 
transparent, and based on factors such as population and lane mileage. 
Reliable funding allows for consistent progress in safety improvements, 
economic growth, and modernization of our infrastructure.
    However, formula-based funding alone is not enough, state 
flexibility is equally important. Streamlining surface transportation 
programming and consolidating duplicative programs will improve 
efficiency. States must have the ability to move funds across programs 
and split-fund projects to meet their unique needs. Instead of creating 
new mandatory programs, we should expand existing program eligibilities 
to cover supply chain resilience, system security, intelligent 
transportation systems, and workforce development.
    Additionally, states will have greater planning certainty by 
reducing August Redistribution and maximizing formula dollars upfront. 
While the redistribution process helps ensure states can obligate all 
available funds before the fiscal year ends, it often requires state 
transportation departments to commit billions of dollars in a single 
month, in some cases up to $7.9 billion, making strategic planning 
difficult. By minimizing redistribution, front-loading formula funding, 
and adopting a four-year obligation window with flexible transfer 
options, states can manage resources more efficiently and make smarter 
long-term investments.
    Next, administrative burdens must be reduced. Enforcing One Federal 
Decision principles will accelerate project delivery and reduce 
unnecessary delays. Standardizing NEPA requirements across 
transportation agencies and expanding federal authority assignments to 
capable states will further streamline processes. Federal agencies 
should interpret legislative intent with deference to state departments 
of transportation, recognizing their on-the-ground expertise and local 
insight.
    Finally, improvements to Build America, Buy America execution are 
needed to prevent project delays. Streamlining the rules, simplifying 
waiver procedures, and enhancing transparency in waiver reviews will 
bring greater consistency. Creating a centralized database of compliant 
materials and approved waivers will give states clarity and confidence 
as they manage federally funded projects.
    Together, these reforms will provide the certainty, flexibility, 
and efficiency needed to strengthen America's transportation network 
and empower states to deliver infrastructure that supports safety, 
economic vitality, and long-term resilience.
    Thank you again for allowing me to speak today on Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization priorities for Tennesseans, and I look 
forward to passing a reauthorization that puts America first.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Cline for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. BEN CLINE, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                  THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA

    Mr. Cline. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and Ranking Member, for 
holding this hearing about surface transportation 
reauthorization legislation and the important priorities that 
legislators are advocating for during their time.
    I represent a district, the Sixth District of the 
Commonwealth of Virginia, that is in dire need of modernizing 
some of its aging infrastructure, especially as Virginia 
continues to welcome new businesses and increased tourism 
during America 250.
    Most notably for the region, I represent a large part of 
the corridor that includes Interstate 81, a road that stretches 
the entirety of my district, from Frederick County in the north 
to Roanoke County in the south. With this vital roadway 
spanning six States, over 300 miles of which are in Virginia, I 
have continuously worked for improvements to I-81 and have 
testified before this committee previously to advocate for 
Federal dollars for its improvement.
    While local economies are becoming more dependent upon 81 
to bring goods to and help create jobs for our region, the 
aging road has not kept up with the demands of users since it 
was first constructed over a half century ago. Originally built 
to accommodate only 15 percent truck traffic, I-81 now averages 
over 30 percent truck traffic, and on the weekends, it could 
even get above 50 percent. Additionally, there are nearly 2,000 
crashes on 81 each year in Virginia, with more than 25 percent 
involving heavy trucks and more than 45 significant crashes a 
year, causing delays exceeding 4 hours. Current conditions are 
not only a frustration, but an economic problem and a grave 
public safety concern.
    The Virginia General Assembly has recognized the need to 
invest in this vital roadway that passes through cities and 
small towns filled with agribusiness, technology companies, 
manufacturers, tourist destinations, and more. In 2018, 
Virginia released the I-81 Corridor Improvement Plan, which 
revealed what daily users know all too well: I-81 needs to be 
improved to meet growing demands. The Commonwealth's 
improvement plan found that more than one-third of trucks and 
over $300 billion in goods are transported along the corridor 
per year. The plan also highlighted that conditions along the 
corridor are expected to continue to degrade, and by 2040, it 
is expected that there will be nearly 20 million truck trips 
carrying three-quarters of a trillion dollars' worth of goods 
every year.
    The entire Virginia section of I-81 needs to be widened to 
three lanes, along with interchange improvements to help 
address current and future traffic flows and vehicle and truck 
safety. Widening 81 provides several benefits, including 
reducing the likelihood of congestion by providing additional 
roadway capacity, decreasing clearance time of incidents and 
crashes by providing more space to clear wrecks, and reducing 
the potential for collisions by allowing vehicles to maneuver 
safely.
    While I believe that the States are best positioned to 
allocate resources for projects to repair and restore our 
roadways, we must ensure that they get the Federal funding that 
is appropriate for the repair and rebuilding of I-81, the 
economic backbone of western Virginia. That is why the 
reauthorization of programs such as the Federal-Aid Highway 
Program, a State-administered, federally assisted program, are 
so essential.
    Thank you again for the opportunity to appear before you 
today, and I look forward to working with this committee as it 
moves forward with the surface transportation reauthorization 
and other legislation this year.
    Thank you, I yield back.
    [Mr. Cline's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Ben Cline, a Representative in Congress From 
                      the Commonwealth of Virginia
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    I represent a district in the Commonwealth of Virginia in dire need 
of modernizing some of its ageing infrastructure, especially as 
Virginia continues to welcome new businesses and increased tourism 
during America250.
    Most notable for the region I represent is I-81, a road that 
stretches the entirety of my district from Frederick County in the 
north to Roanoke County in the south.
    With this vital roadway spanning six states, over 300 miles of 
which are in Virginia, I have continuously worked for improvements to 
I-81 and have testified before this committee previously to advocate 
for federal dollars for its improvement.
    While local economies are becoming more dependent upon I-81 to 
bring goods to and help create jobs for our region, the aging road has 
not kept up with the demands of users since it was first constructed 
over a half-century ago.
    Originally built to accommodate only 15 percent of truck traffic, 
I-81 now averages over 30 percent of truck traffic each day.
    Additionally, there are nearly 2,000 crashes on I-81 each year, 
with more than 25 percent involving heavy trucks and more than 45 
significant crashes a year causing delays exceeding four hours.
    Current conditions are not only a frustration but a grave public 
safety concern.
    The Virginia General Assembly has recognized the need to invest in 
this vital roadway that passes through cities and small towns filled 
with agribusinesses, technology companies, manufacturers, tourist 
destinations, and more.
    In 2018, Virginia released the I-81 Corridor Improvement Plan, 
which revealed what daily users knew all too well: I-81 needs to be 
improved to meet growing demands.
    The Commonwealth's improvement plan found that more than one-third 
of trucks and over $300 billion in goods are transported along the 
corridor per year.
    The plan also highlighted that Conditions along the corridor are 
expected to continue to degrade, and by 2040, it is expected that there 
will be nearly 20 million truck trips carrying three quarters of a 
trillion dollars' worth of goods every year.
    The entire Virginia section of I-81 needs to be widened to three 
lanes along with interchange improvements to help address current and 
future traffic flows and vehicle and truck safety.
    Widening I-81 provides several benefits, including reducing the 
likelihood of congestion by providing additional roadway capacity, 
decreasing clearance time of incidents and crashes by providing more 
space to clear wrecks, and reducing the potential for collisions by 
allowing vehicles to maneuver safely.
    While I believe that the states are best positioned to allocate 
resources for projects to repair and restore our roadways, we must 
ensure that they get the federal funding that is appropriate for the 
repair and rebuilding of I-81.
    This is why the reauthorization of programs such as the Federal-aid 
Highway Program, a state-administered federally assisted program, are 
essential.
    Thank you again for the opportunity to appear before you today and 
I look forward to working with this committee as it moves forward with 
the Surface Transportation Reauthorization and other legislation this 
year.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Randall for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. EMILY RANDALL, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

    Ms. Randall. Thank you so much, Mr. Chairman and Ranking 
Member. Also, special gratitude to Chairman Graves and Mr. 
Larsen for the opportunity to testify today.
    The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law was crucial to advancing 
Washington State infrastructure projects. It boosted funding 
for ferries, invested in culvert removal projects, and improved 
community safety. I would like to share some firsthand 
perspectives from folks in Washington's Sixth on why these 
landmark investments should be preserved and strengthened in 
the upcoming infrastructure reauthorization legislation.
    Last year, I launched the bipartisan Congressional Ferry 
Caucus alongside Representatives Begich, Garamendi, and 
Malliotakis. Yesterday, the caucus hosted a roundtable with 
ferry operators from across the country as well as labor 
leaders to discuss the policies that are absolutely critical 
for Congress to include in the next reauthorization bill. I am 
excited to share that in the coming days, the four co-chairs 
will be introducing the Federal Enhancement and Revitalization 
of Reliable Infrastructure for Essential Seaways Act, or 
FERRIES Act, for short.
    The bipartisan bill significantly increases funding for the 
FTA Passenger Ferry Grant program, the Rural Ferry Grant 
program, and the Federal Highway Administration's Ferry Boat 
Program, and makes key changes to expand eligibility for ferry 
operators that serve both rural and urban communities.
    As a ferry rider myself, I know that our ferry system is in 
desperate need of improvements. When boats are taken off 
service routes, this creates significant challenges for the 20 
million-plus annual ferry commuters in Washington State. Routes 
as extensive as ours in Washington have complex needs, and 
these fixes will help all our ferry systems better compete for 
ferry funding and alleviate pressure across currently 
oversubscribed programs.
    I hear from my neighbors daily in the grocery store, at 
townhalls, and even while enjoying a Rainier and chili tots in 
the galley of the ferry about the need for a better ferry 
system. From daily work commutes and medical appointments to 
connecting with loved ones, my constituents rely on these boats 
every day, and that reliance is even more extreme in places 
like Alaska, where there are fewer highway-miles and only a 
boat or a plane can connect you. When a vessel goes out of 
service on the Bremerton-Seattle run in my district, as it did 
recently, neighbors are left to rely on a single vessel for 
their commute, making daily life unnecessarily difficult for 
those living in Kitsap County and beyond.
    We need to significantly boost investments in ferry 
services across the country, and the FERRIES Act is an 
important step in that direction. I would argue it is also the 
bare minimum of what should be included in the upcoming surface 
transportation reauthorization bill.
    We should also boost funding for the Electric Ferry Funding 
program, which will help revitalize our domestic shipbuilding 
industry while creating good-paying jobs across the country. 
Smart investments like these are not only about the 
environmental impact. They will save operations and maintenance 
dollars and future-proof vessels that could very well be in use 
for the next 50 years.
    I am also concerned with making sure we have a robust 
workforce to support the ferry industry, which requires 
creative solutions. I will take off my Ferry Caucus co-chair 
hat here and speak as a Washingtonian. Federal regulations 
require drug testing for some maritime employees in safety-
sensitive positions, including ferry workers. We could consider 
relaxing the rules around recreational marijuana use in States 
where it is legal, as long as it is not used on the job and 
outside a certain window before their shift. Right now, you 
could drug test positive for a month or longer after using 
legal recreational marijuana in Washington and be unable to 
work as a ferry operator.
    An equally important Federal program for the Pacific 
Northwest is fish passage barrier replacement. As Ranking 
Member Larsen knows well, Washington State is under a court 
order to remove poorly designed and poorly maintained culverts 
under State-owned roads. This has become an incredible 
financial burden on the State. The fish passage programs 
created in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law were ground-
breaking Federal investments to help us improve our roadways 
and protect critical salmon populations that are essential to 
local Tribes and ecosystems. And I am not exaggerating when I 
say that this will impact the entirety of my district.
    [Chart.]
    Ms. Randall. I have a map here of Washington's Sixth, and 
every orange dot is the location of a culvert project, which, 
as you can see, covers the entire perimeter of the Olympic 
Peninsula, which is why I urge you to reauthorize and increase 
funding for the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law's culvert 
investments.
    Finally, I want to share with you one specific 
transportation project vital to national security. My district 
has several military equities, including Naval Base Kitsap, 
Naval Magazine Indian Island, and the U.S. Coast Guard Station 
Port Angeles. And there is a point where two State highways 
meet called Gorst. Both State highways are the only land-based 
routes to the Kitsap Peninsula and experience traffic 
congestion, safety concerns, sea level rise. While many of my 
Kitsap and Mason County constituents would love to see 
improvements because of traffic or a bad accident or the impact 
of 14,000 folks from Puget Sound Naval Shipyard getting out of 
work, it is also vital to national security. When our military 
need to move supplies or people in and out of our naval 
installations, they need those roadways to be clear, and I urge 
this committee to take up those investments.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Ms. Randall's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Emily Randall, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of Washington
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for the 
opportunity to testify today.
    The bipartisan infrastructure law was crucial for advancing 
Washington state infrastructure projects.
    It boosted funding for ferries, invested in culvert removal 
projects, and improved community safety.
    I'd like to share some firsthand perspectives from folks in 
Washington's 6th on why these landmark investments should be preserved 
and strengthened in the upcoming infrastructure reauthorization 
legislation.
    Last year, I launched the bipartisan Congressional Ferry Caucus 
alongside Representatives Begich, Garamendi, and Malliotakis.
    Yesterday, the caucus hosted a roundtable with ferry operators from 
across the country as well as labor leaders to discuss the policies 
that are absolutely critical for Congress to include in the next 
reauthorization bill.
    I'm excited to share that in the coming days, the four Co-Chairs 
will be introducing the Federal Enhancement and Revitalization of 
Reliable Infrastructure for Essential Seaways Act, or the FERRIES Act 
for short.
    This bipartisan bill significantly increases funding for the FTA 
Passenger Ferry Grant Program, the Rural Ferry Grant Program, and the 
Federal Highway Administration's Ferry Boat Program, and make key 
changes to expand funding eligibility for ferry operators that service 
both urban and rural communities.
    As a ferry commuter myself, I know that our ferry system is in 
desperate need of improvements. When boats are taken off service 
routes, this creates significant challenges for the 20 million plus 
annual ferry commuters in Washington state.
    Routes as extensive as ours in Washington state have complex needs 
and these fixes would help all ferry systems better compete for ferry 
funding, and alleviate pressure across currently oversubscribed 
programs.
    I hear from my neighbors daily--in the grocery store, at townhalls, 
and even while enjoying a Rainier and chili tots in the galley of the 
ferry, about the need for a better ferry system.
    From daily work commutes and medical appointments to connecting 
with loved ones, my constituents rely on these boats every day.
    When a vessel goes out of service on the Bremerton-Seattle run, as 
it did recently, my neighbors are left to rely on a single vessel for 
their commute, making daily life unnecessarily difficult for those 
living in Kitsap County and beyond.
    We need to significantly boost investments in ferry services across 
the country and the FERRIES Act is an important step in that direction.
    I'd argue it's also the bare minimum of what should be included in 
the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization bill.
    We should also boost funding for the electric ferry funding 
program--which will help revitalize our domestic shipbuilding industry 
while creating good paying jobs across the country. Smart investments 
like these will save systems operations and maintenance dollars, and 
future-proof vessels that could very well be in use of the next 50 
years.
    I'm also concerned with making sure we have a robust workforce to 
support the ferry industry--which requires creative solutions.
    Taking my official Ferry Caucus Co-Chair hat off and speaking a as 
a Washingtonian--as you know, federal regulations require drug testing 
for some maritime employees in safety-sensitive positions, including 
ferry workers.
    We could consider relaxing the rules around recreational marijuana 
use in states where it's legal, as long as it's not used on the job and 
outside a certain window before their shift.
    An equally important federal program for the Pacific Northwest is 
fish barrier replacement.
    As the Ranking Member knows well, Washington state is under a court 
order to remove poorly designed and poorly maintained culverts under 
state-owned roads. This has become an incredible financial burden on 
the state.
    The fish passage programs created in the bipartisan infrastructure 
law were groundbreaking federal investments to help us improve our 
roadways and protect critical salmon populations that are essential to 
local Tribes and ecosystems.
    And I'm not exaggerating when I say this will impact the entirety 
of my district--I have a map here of my Washington's 6th, and every 
orange dot is the location of a culvert project, which as you can see 
covers the entire perimeter of the Olympic Peninsula, which is why I 
urge you to reauthorize and increase funding for the bipartisan 
infrastructure law's culvert investments.
    Finally, I want to share with you one specific transportation 
project which is vital to national security.
    My district has several military equities including Naval Base 
Kitsap, Naval Magazine Indian Island, and US Coast Guard Station Port 
Angeles, and there's a point where two state highways meet--called 
Gorst.
    Both state highways are the only land-based route to the Kitsap 
Peninsula and experience traffic congestion and safety concerns.
    While many of my Kitsap and Mason County constituents would love to 
see Gorst Corridor improvements because so many residents have sat in 
traffic after a bad accident or when the 14,000 folks from Puget Sound 
Naval Shipyard get out of work--it's also vital to our national 
security.
    Many Navy commands in Kitsap and Jefferson Counties move their 
people and materials through the Gorst Corridor to meet their national 
security mission, with over thirty-three thousand (33,800) military and 
civilian employees reporting daily to these installations.
    The Navy has made clear that it needs it to be a resilient route in 
the event of a large earthquake, which is inevitable in our Cascadia 
subduction zone, and right now, it's not.
    Gorst is emblematic of so many communities around the country--it's 
not a bridge that's about to collapse or a sinkhole in a roadway that 
needs emergency repairs, but that doesn't make the improvements needed 
any less important.
    While Gorst is not ready to apply for funding today, we hope it 
will be over the course of this next reauthorization, which is why I 
encourage you to provide robust funding for programs like RAISE, MEGA, 
INFRA, as well as programs that support multimodal projects like Safe 
Streets for All, to help communities like mine.
    I founded the Gorst Coalition years ago with former Representative 
Kilmer and a group of local stakeholders, and we're ready to make real 
progress on this project over the next few years and the federal 
government has to be a partner.
    Thank you and I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentlewoman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Carter for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. EARL L. ``BUDDY'' CARTER, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
               CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF GEORGIA

    Mr. Carter of Georgia. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and Mr. 
Ranking Member and members of the committee. Thank you for 
allowing me to testify today at the Member Day hearing so that 
I can discuss some very important matters that I hope the 
committee will prioritize for this Congress.
    The Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing 
program is a fiscally responsible Federal credit tool that 
supports housing affordability for American families and 
commercial investments for American jobs. Structured entirely 
as repayable loans, not grants, transit-oriented development 
projects financed through the Railroad Rehabilitation and 
Improvement Financing program offers a smart way to expand 
housing and stimulate local economies.
    Currently, Federal law restricts transit-oriented 
development loans to projects within a half-a-mile radius of 
intercity rail stations. This traditional standard largely 
benefits older Northeast cities and excludes many U.S. 
communities, particularly in the South and Midwest, where most 
U.S. cities intentionally built their historic freight rail 
hubs modestly further from their downtowns. That is why I have 
introduced the CHARGE Investments Act, which is bipartisan 
legislation that brings much-needed modernization to the 
Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing program by 
addressing outdated limitations that have largely excluded 
fast-growing cities, largely in the South, and especially in 
Georgia.
    By extending eligibility for transit-oriented development 
projects to central business districts within a 2-mile radius 
of intercity rail stations so long as they are served by 
dependable transit, this legislation acknowledges the unique 
urban design of southern cities, where central business 
districts are often located at a distance from historical rail 
hubs. This policy change has important implications for housing 
development. Commercial development located near transit is 
uniquely positioned to serve visitors, business travelers, and 
residents alike. They help maximize the value of transit-
oriented development projects by creating vibrant, accessible, 
and walkable neighborhoods that encourage both tourism and 
commerce. Yet in many cases, access to financing for such 
projects has been a limiting factor.
    The CHARGE Investments Act preserves the fiscally 
responsible foundation of the Railroad Rehabilitation and 
Improvement Financing program by maintaining loan-based 
financing and requiring at least 25 percent private or non-
Federal investment while expanding access to cities 
unintentionally left out due to outdated eligibility 
limitations.
    Transit-oriented development projects create jobs, they 
revitalize underused urban areas, and they drive long-term 
economic growth without expanding the Federal deficit. In many 
cases, the Federal Government gets back four to five times its 
investment, thanks to growth in construction, housing, 
hospitality, and retail. This bipartisan legislation represents 
exactly the kind of practical, fiscally sound policy that 
delivers real results for American communities.
    By modernizing the Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement 
Financing program, the CHARGE Investments Act will stimulate 
economic activity in rural towns and growing cities alike, 
ensuring some regions are not given preference over others.
    Thank you for your time and consideration of this important 
issue for my district, for my State, and for the country. I 
look forward to continuing to work with the committee to pass 
the CHARGE Investments Act, which will bring significant 
benefits to our communities.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.
    [Mr. Carter of Georgia's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Earl L. ``Buddy'' Carter, a Representative 
                 in Congress From the State of Georgia
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee:
    Thank you for allowing me to testify today at this Member Day 
hearing so that I can discuss some very important matters that I hope 
the Committee will prioritize for this Congress.
    The Railroad Rehabilitation & Improvement Financing program is a 
fiscally responsible federal credit tool that supports housing 
affordability for American families and commercial investment for 
American jobs.
    Structured entirely as repayable loans--not grants--Transit-
Oriented Development projects financed through the Railroad 
Rehabilitation & Improvement Financing program offers a smart way to 
expand housing and stimulate local economies.
    Currently, federal law restricts Transit-Oriented Development loans 
to projects within a half mile radius of intercity rail stations.
    This traditional standard largely benefits older Northeast cities 
and excludes many U.S. communities--particularly in the South and 
Midwest--where most U.S. cities intentionally built their historic 
freight rail hubs modestly further from their downtowns.
    That is why I have introduced the CHARGE Investments Act, which is 
bipartisan legislation that brings much-needed modernization to the 
Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing program by addressing 
outdated limitations that have largely excluded fast-growing cities, 
largely in the South and especially in Georgia.
    By extending eligibility for Transit-Oriented Development projects 
to central business districts within a two-mile radius of intercity 
rail stations--so long as they are served by dependable transit--this 
legislation acknowledges the unique urban design of Southern cities, 
where central business districts are often located at a distance from 
historical rail hubs.
    This policy change has important implications for housing 
development. Commercial development located near transit is uniquely 
positioned to serve visitors, business travelers, and residents alike.
    They help maximize the value of Transit-Oriented Development 
projects by creating vibrant, accessible, and walkable neighborhoods 
that encourage both tourism and commerce. Yet, in many cases, access to 
financing for such projects has been a limiting factor.
    The CHARGE Investments Act preserves the fiscally responsible 
foundation of the Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement Financing 
program by maintaining loan-based financing and requiring at least 25% 
private or non-federal investment, while expanding access to cities 
unintentionally left out due to outdated eligibility limitations.
    Transit-Oriented Development projects create jobs, revitalize 
underused urban areas, and drive long-term economic growth without 
expanding the federal deficit.
    In many cases, the federal government gets back four to five times 
its investment, thanks to growth in construction, housing, hospitality, 
and retail.
    This bipartisan legislation represents exactly the kind of 
practical, fiscally sound policy that delivers real results for 
American communities.
    By modernizing the Railroad Rehabilitation and Improvement 
Financing program, the CHARGE Investments Act will stimulate economic 
activity in rural towns and growing cities alike, ensuring some regions 
are not given preference over others.
    Thank you for your time and consideration of this important issue 
for my district, state, and the country. I look forward to continuing 
to work with the Committee to pass the CHARGE Investments Act, which 
will bring significant benefits to our communities.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Raskin for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. JAMIE RASKIN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF MARYLAND

    Mr. Raskin. Thank you very much, Chairman Graves. It is an 
honor to be here, Mr. Stanton. And also I want to acknowledge 
Ranking Member Larsen, as well. It is a real honor.
    As you draft the bipartisan surface transportation 
reauthorization bill, I humbly but fervently ask you to include 
H.R. 2011, the bipartisan Sarah Debbink Langenkamp Active 
Transportation Safety Act to promote roadway safety. The 
legislation is named in honor of my constituent, Sarah Debbink 
Langenkamp. Sarah was a beloved wife to Dan, a mother to two 
wonderful boys, Oliver and Axel, and an accomplished American 
diplomat who had just evacuated from Ukraine in the summer of 
2022. And just after leaving that war zone, she was struck by a 
vehicle and killed while riding her bike to her kids' school in 
my district in Bethesda, Maryland, near their home just about a 
half an hour away from where we are right now.
    This catastrophe in the life of their family and our 
community is a small part of America's broader roadway safety 
crisis. Today in America, pedestrian deaths are almost the 
highest they have been in 40 years, and a record number of over 
1,160 American cyclists were killed on our roads in 2023. 
Sarah's death, along with those of thousands of other 
Americans, could have been prevented by building better 
pedestrian and cyclist safety features on roadways.
    To first address pedestrian and cyclist safety, Congress 
established the Transportation Alternatives Program as the 
primary Federal source of funding for local cycling and walking 
projects. However, despite the obvious need and expressed 
demand for such funding, large portions of TAP funds go 
unclaimed every year because the program's requirements are 
simply too burdensome and redtape-like for many, especially 
small, underserved, and rural communities.
    My commonsense legislation will streamline the process by 
which local governments acquire Federal funding to install 
safety measures for bicyclists and pedestrians on dangerous 
roadways. The Sarah Debbink Langenkamp Active Transportation 
Act is, at its core, a public safety bill. It would expand the 
definition of highway safety improvement projects to include 
more cyclist and pedestrian safety features, and it offers 
flexible financing to ensure small and rural communities can 
participate in the Transportation Alternatives Program. It 
enables more communities to install lifesaving roadway features 
that will reduce mortality rates on our roadways.
    The bill is bipartisan. It is bicameral. It is designed to 
help local governments address urgent transportation safety 
needs without, significantly, creating any new Federal 
programs, any new Federal regulations, or any new Federal 
spending.
    So we developed and worked out this straightforward 
legislative solution with technical assistance from the Federal 
Highway Administration. It features strong bipartisan support 
in both the House, where I believe my colleague, Mr. Fitzgerald 
from Wisconsin, is planning to come and testify as well, as 
well as in the Senate. It is endorsed by leading advocates for 
roadway safety across the country, such as the Safe Routes 
Partnership.
    I want to thank Congressmen Mike Thompson, my friend 
Congressman Bryan Steil, and Derrick Van Orden for co-leading 
on this important legislation. I also would like to take a 
moment to recognize Dan Langenkamp, Sarah's beloved husband, 
who is with us today, and Admiral Dirk Debbink, Sarah's father 
from Wisconsin. Both men have become active, inspirational 
champions for roadway safety, working nonstop to honor Sarah's 
blessed memory and to save American lives.
    Thank you for hosting this hearing and for inviting our 
participation, Mr. Chairman. I yield back to you.
    [Mr. Raskin's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Jamie Raskin, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Maryland
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for holding 
this hearing today.
    As you draft the bipartisan Surface Transportation Reauthorization 
bill, I ask you to include H.R. 2011, the bipartisan Sarah Debbink 
Langenkamp Active Transportation Safety Act, to promote roadway safety.
    This legislation is named in honor of my constituent, Sarah Debbink 
Langenkamp. Sarah was a beloved wife, mother, and a distinguished 
American diplomat who was evacuated from Ukraine in the summer of 2022. 
Just weeks after leaving a war zone, she was struck by a vehicle and 
killed while riding her bike to her kids' school in Bethesda, Maryland.
    This catastrophe in the life of her family and our community is a 
small part of America's broader roadway safety crisis. Today in 
America, pedestrian deaths are almost the highest they have been in 40 
years, and a record number of over 1,160 American cyclists were killed 
on our roads in 2023.
    Sarah's death, along with thousands more, could have been prevented 
by building pedestrian and cyclist safety features on roadways. To 
first address pedestrian and cyclist safety, Congress established the 
Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP) as the primary federal source 
of funding for local cycling and walking projects.
    However, despite the obvious need and expressed demand for this 
funding, large portions of TAP funds go unclaimed each year because the 
program's requirements are too onerous for many small, underserved, and 
rural communities.
    My commonsense legislation will streamline the process by which 
local governments acquire federal funding to install safety measures 
for pedestrians and bicyclists on dangerous roadways.
    The bill is bipartisan and bicameral and is designed to help local 
governments address urgent transportation safety needs without creating 
any new federal programs, any new regulations, or any new spending.
    The Sarah Debbink Langenkamp Active Transportation Act is at its 
core a public safety bill. The legislation expands the definition of 
Highway Safety Improvement Projects to include more cyclists and 
pedestrian safety features and offers flexible financing to ensure 
small and rural communities can participate in the Transportation 
Alternatives Program. It enables more communities to install life-
saving roadway features that will reduce mortality rates on our 
roadways for drivers, cyclists and pedestrians.
    This simple legislative solution was developed with technical 
assistance from the Federal Highway Administration, features strong 
bipartisan support in both the House of Representatives and the Senate 
and is endorsed by leading advocates for roadway safety such as the 
Safe Routes Partnership.
    I'd like to thank Congressmen Mike Thompson, Bryan Steil, and 
Derrick Van Orden for co-leading this important legislation.
    I'd also like to take a moment to recognize Dan Langenkamp, Sarah's 
husband, and Admiral Dirk Debbink, Sarah's father. Both men have become 
inspirational champions for roadway safety, working nonstop to honor 
Sarah's memory and save American lives.
    Thank you for hosting this hearing and for your consideration of 
this request.
    I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Cohen for 5 minutes.

  TESTIMONY OF HON. STEVE COHEN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF TENNESSEE

    Mr. Cohen. Thank you. I feel like homecoming. It is good to 
be back. Thank you. I served on this committee, as many of you 
know--well, you don't know entirely because I was here before 
you all were. Like, 20 years ago, right down there. And I 
enjoyed working across party lines to advance transportation 
policies that save lives, expand opportunities, and strengthen 
communities. This committee works in a bipartisan fashion. That 
is one of the great things about it. It is a little different 
than where we are in the Judiciary Committee [to Mr. Raskin].
    As the committee works on this bill, I urge you to continue 
to build on the important advancements made by the once-in-a-
lifetime Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, which I was 
proud to support and see passed. My district has secured more 
than a half a billion dollars through IIJA funding, including, 
just to name a few, nearly $400 million to replace the I-55 
bridge through the Bridge Investment Program, funding to 
modernize the Memphis International Airport, RAISE grants, 
funding to protect and safeguard the Memphis flood plain, Safe 
Streets and Roads for All funding to redesign our most 
dangerous intersections, grant support to study new passenger 
rail connections, and millions more for broadband expansion and 
other critical investments across Tennessee.
    This doesn't scratch the surface of what the IIJA 
accomplished, but while building on these successes, the 
following bills are priorities that I ask you to consider.
    One is I reintroduced the Complete Streets Act with 
Representatives Auchincloss, Espaillat, Foushee, and Titus, and 
Senator Markey in the Senate. It ensures States dedicate a 
portion of Federal highway funding towards the creation of a 
Complete Streets program. While I appreciated the IIJA's 
inclusion of a 2.5-percent set-aside, our bill pushes for a 5-
percent set-aside, which is desperately needed, especially in 
Memphis, which has the highest pedestrian fatality rate of any 
city in the United States.
    Secondly, I introduced the Don't Miss Your Flight Act with 
Representative Kustoff, who shares Shelby County with me, and 
Senators Duckworth and Blackburn to improve surface 
transportation to and from airports by using existing funding 
to incentivize the inclusion of airport connection upgrades in 
nearby highway, commuter rail, and transit projects. This bill 
especially impacts Plough Boulevard, which is an entryway to 
the airport in Memphis. It leads into the Memphis airport, and 
would greatly benefit from improvements. It is not the best 
introduction to the city, and it could be improved.
    I introduced the Safe Streets and Roads for All 
Reauthorization and Improvement Act with Representatives 
Fitzpatrick and Garcia to reauthorize the Safe Streets and 
Roads for All program through fiscal year 2031. I also led a 
fiscal year 2026 appropriations letter with 55 Members of 
Congress expressing support for that program and requesting 
full funding. With roadway fatalities still stubbornly high, 
this program must remain a cornerstone of Federal safety 
policy.
    To address accessibility issues I developed language with 
Representative Burchett--not Burchett, but Burchett--to request 
a U.S. Government Accountability Office report to identify some 
of the major issues with disability parking, placard misuse, 
and accessibility. These are routine violations of accessible 
parking spaces that obstruct wheelchair users' ability to enter 
and exit their vehicle and go about their daily lives.
    To build on the IIJA, we included schoolbus safety 
provisions and reintroduced the School Bus Safety Act with 
Senator Duckworth to implement the National Transportation 
Safety Board recommendations to require seatbelts and safety 
measures such as automatic braking and stability control, and 
to establish a grant program to help school districts upgrade 
their buses.
    I am planning to introduce the Stop Underrides Act 2.0 to 
build on the improvements that were included in that act by 
requiring rulemaking on side underride guards, directing the 
study of prevalence of crashes involving front underride 
guards, and reestablishing the Advisory Committee on Underride 
Protection.
    To continue strengthening passenger rail, I introduced the 
Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail 
Reauthorization Act with Representatives Titus and Scholten to 
reauthorize the Federal-State Partnership for Intercity 
Passenger Rail Program and the Corridor ID program with $7.5 
billion in fiscal years 2027 and 2031.
    I am a cosponsor of Congressman Hank Johnson's bipartisan 
Stronger Communities Through Better Transit Act to establish a 
Federal operations funding program to help transit agencies 
better match service with demand.
    And lastly, I introduced two measures to improve the woeful 
dining offerings recently implemented by Amtrak. The Train 
Furtherance of Outstanding Onboard Dining Act, Train FOOD Act, 
would require Amtrak to report annually on its progress 
implementing the Food and Beverage Working Group's 
recommendations and justify any decision not to implement them 
if they don't, and submit to GAO oversight on implementation 
status. The Train Establishment of Appetizing Table Service 
Act, Train EATS Act, to require Amtrak to maintain existing 
passenger-friendly practices, including space-available access 
to traditional dining for coach passengers, the ability to pre-
order meals that meet dietary needs and meet USDA healthy meal 
guidelines.
    I certainly appreciate your consideration of my priorities, 
many of which have been developed with my esteemed 
Transportation and Infrastructure Committee colleagues. I look 
forward to working with the committee to deliver a bill that 
meets the needs of Memphis and communities across the Nation.
    Thank you, I miss you, and I yield back.
    [Mr. Cohen's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Steve Cohen, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of Tennessee
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee, I appreciate the opportunity to present my priorities as you 
begin work on the next surface transportation reauthorization bill.
    I served on this Committee for many years and enjoyed working 
across party lines to advance transportation policies that save lives, 
expand opportunity, and strengthen communities. Transportation policy 
determines whether people can get to work safely, whether children 
arrive at school protected, whether people with disabilities can move 
freely, and whether our economy functions efficiently.
    As the Committee works on the next surface transportation 
authorization bill, I urge you to continue to build on the important 
advancements made by the once-in-a-generation Infrastructure Investment 
and Jobs Act (IIJA) which I was proud to support.
    My district has secured more than half a billion dollars through 
IIJA funding including the historic almost $400 million awarded to 
replace the I-55 bridge through the Bridge Investment Program, $50 
million to modernize the Memphis International Airport, three Safe 
Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) grants including $13.1 million to 
redesign the intersection hosting the most dangerous crossroads in 
Memphis, grant money to study the feasibility of a new passenger rail 
service to connect Memphis to Nashville, Chattanooga and Atlanta, $16.1 
million to protect Memphis's floodplain and Mississippi River 
infrastructure through the PROTECT program, several RAISE grants, and 
millions more for broadband expansion and other critical investments 
across Tennessee. These examples barely scratch the surface of what the 
IIJA accomplished.
    I hope we can build on this success and ensure communities like 
mine can continue to deliver projects that meet local needs.
    The following bills are other priorities I ask you to consider:
    I reintroduced the Complete Streets Act with Representatives 
Auchincloss, Espaillat, Foushee and Titus and Senator Markey to ensure 
states dedicate a portion of federal highway funding towards the 
creation of a Complete Streets Program. I appreciated the IIJA's 
inclusion of a 2.5% set aside, but our improved bill pushes for the 
full 5% set aside, which is desperately needed. The legislation would 
also phase in a requirement for states to incorporate Complete Streets 
elements into all new construction and reconstruction. Given that 
Memphis has the highest pedestrian fatality rate of any city in the 
U.S., this bill is still greatly needed.
    I introduced the Don't Miss Your Flight Act with Representative 
Kustoff and Senators Duckworth and Blackburn to improve surface 
transportation to and from airports by using existing funding to 
incentivize the inclusion of airport connection upgrades in nearby 
highway, commuter rail, and transit projects.
    This bill would especially impact Plough Boulevard leading into the 
Memphis Airport which would greatly benefit from improvements.
    I introduced the Safe Streets and Roads for All Reauthorization and 
Improvement Act with Representatives Fitzpatrick and Garcia to 
reauthorize the Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) program through 
Fiscal Year 2031. The SS4A program provides financial support for 
planning, infrastructure, behavioral, and operational initiatives to 
prevent death and serious injury on roads and streets involving all 
roadway users. I led a Fiscal Year 2026 appropriations letter with 55 
Members of Congress expressing support for the SS4A program and 
requesting full funding. With roadway fatalities still stubbornly high, 
this program must remain a cornerstone of federal safety policy.
    In order to address accessibility issues, I have developed language 
with Representative Burchett to request a U.S. Government 
Accountability Office (GAO) report to identify some of the major issues 
with disability parking placard misuse and accessibility. There are 
routine violations of accessible parking spaces, from eligible placard 
or plateholders parking partially or fully in the access aisles, to 
people parking temporarily. These violations obstruct wheelchair users' 
ability to enter and exit their vehicle and go about their daily lives. 
The disability community has made clear that this is a persistent 
problem, and better data is essential to real enforcement and reform.
    Child safety is also essential. I reintroduced the School Bus 
Safety Act with Senator Duckworth to implement National Transportation 
Safety Board recommendations to ensure buses are equipped with seat 
belts and safety measures like automatic braking and stability control. 
The bill also establishes a grant program to help school districts 
update buses to meet these safety modifications. I appreciated the 
provisions included in the IIJA and hope we can build upon them in our 
next bill.
    I am also planning to introduce the Stop Underrides Act 2.0 to 
improve upon provisions included in the IIJA by requiring rulemaking on 
side underride guards, directing the study of prevalence of crashes 
involving front underride guards, and reestablishing the Advisory 
Committee on Underride Protection. It would also require a GAO study on 
the efficacy of the final rule of the National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration entitled ``Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Rear 
Impact Guards, Rear Impact Protection.'' These crashes are horrific, 
and we must do more to prevent them.
    Reliable public transit is equally critical. I am a cosponsor of 
Congressman Hank Johnson's bipartisan Stronger Communities Through 
Better Transit Act to establish a federal operations funding program. 
This program would enable transit agencies to better match service with 
demand and include protections to ensure the additional funding is used 
to improve service, not to replace local funding. This bill is critical 
for the success of my district's transit system.
    Passenger rail must continue to be strengthened.
    I introduced the Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger 
Rail Reauthorization Act with Representatives Titus and Scholten to 
reauthorize the Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail 
(FSP) Program and the Corridor ID program with $7.5 billion between 
Fiscal Years 2027 and 2031.
    Lastly, I introduced two measures to improve the woeful dining 
offerings recently implemented by Amtrak: The Train Furtherance of 
Outstanding Onboard Dining Act (Train FOOD Act) to require Amtrak to 
report annually on its progress toward implementing the Food and 
Beverage Working Group (FWBG) recommendations. If Amtrak decides not to 
implement a recommendation, it must justify that decision, including a 
cost estimate if appropriate. The bill would also require a GAO report 
on implementation status; and
    The Train Establishment of Appetizing Table Service Act (Train EATS 
Act) to require Amtrak to maintain many of the passenger-friendly 
practices it already does, including coach passengers to be able to 
access traditional sit-down dining on a space-available basis; 
Passengers to be able to pre-order meals that meet their dietary 
requirements as well as healthy meal options based on USDA guidelines; 
and an affordable food option, which is currently the cafe/lounge car.
    In closing, surface transportation reauthorization is about 
values--safety over speed, access over exclusion, and long-term 
investment over short-term fixes. Building on the success of the 
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, I look forward to working with 
the Committee to deliver a bill that meets the needs of Memphis and 
communities across the nation. I certainly appreciate your 
consideration of my priorities, many of which have been developed with 
my esteemed Transportation and Infrastructure Committee colleagues.
    Thank you, and I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentleman yields. The Chair recognizes 
Representative Gluesenkamp Perez for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. MARIE GLUESENKAMP PEREZ, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
             CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

    Ms. Perez. Thank you, Representative Ezell and Ranking 
Member Stanton. I very much appreciate your time and the 
opportunity to present today. I would like to talk on a couple 
of my priorities around the WRDA reauthorization as the 
committee begins its work on drafting.
    My district has the most number of ports west of the 
Mississippi of any other district in Congress. We are on the 
Columbia. It is integral to our logging communities, our pulp 
and paper industries. And that means that we rely on the Army 
Corps to do a solid job and to communicate clearly. And this is 
a critical thing. In this authorization bill, I am interested 
in exploring how the Army Corps measures waterborne commerce 
data when prioritizing navigation projects.
    The Corps prioritizes funding for maintenance and 
construction based on the tons of goods, but they don't include 
commercial fishing weights within that consideration, even 
though they collect it already. And so a lot of my smaller 
ports that are integral to having working waterfronts and 
continuing to have a natural resource economy that has been 
generations deep, they have the data, they don't use it, and my 
ports lose out as part of that.
    We don't want to see our ports turn into T-shirt shops and 
tattoo parlors. We want to see access to a real natural 
resource heritage economy. And so we would love to see--as 
instructed in the 2022 WRDA, GAO released a report last year 
that recommends the Corps should assess whether to incorporate 
commercial fish data into tonnage for prioritizing project 
funding.
    In addition, I support the authorization for a turning 
basin navigation improvement in my district. WRDA 2020 
authorized a feasibility study to reevaluate the Lower Columbia 
Channel improvement project turning basin for efficiencies. In 
partnerships with the Ports of Kalama and Longview, the Corps 
completed the feasibility study and received a favorable 
Chief's Report in September 2025. I support the project for 
navigation improvements and turning basins to maximize the 
efficiency.
    Outside of WRDA, I wanted to bring up this other issue I am 
not sure how many of you have heard about, but I have dealt 
with, I have heard a lot of people in my community have dealt 
with. I cannot--the rage and the confusion and the waste of one 
precious life, getting fake mailers from companies that purport 
to be representing the Federal Government on MVR and DOT 
licenses. This is a huge time waste, and it is torching public 
goodwill towards Federal agencies.
    When these companies send mailers out, they make it 
inscrutable as to whether or not they are actually a Government 
actor. And they are nickel and diming especially small 
businesses who don't have the compliance regulatory complex 
backing them up. This is a really critical issue. It is a huge 
time waster, and I would love to see some action taken that 
says that, particularly with these issues of MVR and DOT 
numbers, they need to be saying on their letters, in font not 
smaller than any other font used, that they are not a 
Government representative, and that these files can be filed 
for free on Government websites.
    So we would love to see your support. This is a big issue 
for small businesses navigating the regulatory labyrinth that 
is a real disadvantage to small actors and smaller businesses. 
And so, often these are multimillion-dollar businesses 
exploiting small family businesses. So the FMCSA needs to go 
after these companies and hold them accountable for preying on 
small business owners.
    Lastly, I spoke in front of the Energy and Commerce 
Committee about this issue last month, but I would be remiss if 
I didn't mention I support a vehicle safety title out of 
surface transportation reauthorization that includes the REPAIR 
Act. I was really excited to hear E&C's recent consideration of 
this legislation, and encourage your committee to support 
inclusion of a vehicle safety title that makes sure people have 
the right to fix their own stuff. Everybody is talking about 
affordability, but let's talk about repowering the value of 
work, not being a society of consumers, but people who have 
agency.
    When I visit shop classes saying, like, if you pay 
attention here, you are going to save tens of thousands of 
dollars, you are going to have an opportunity to be your own 
boss, to run a business, to be useful to your neighbors and 
communities, but that is predicated on the right to fix our own 
stuff.
    So I wanted to thank you both for your time and your 
consideration. And I sincerely appreciate your consideration of 
this. Thank you so much.
    [Ms. Perez's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Marie Gluesenkamp Perez, a Representative in 
                 Congress From the State of Washington
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for the 
opportunity to testify today about my priorities for Southwest 
Washington.
    I'd first like to touch on my priorities in the upcoming Water 
Resources Development Act (WRDA) reauthorization as the committee 
begins its work on drafting. My district is home to 15 ports that are 
critical economic drivers and are very dependent on the Army Corps and 
the work authorized in this legislation.
                        Commercial Fish Tonnage
    In this reauthorization bill, I am interested in exploring how the 
Army Corps measures waterborne commerce data when prioritizing 
navigation projects. The Corps prioritizes funding for maintenance and 
construction projects based on the tons of goods that pass through a 
given port, but the Corps does not include the commercial fishing data 
in those calculations, despite collecting this data. I hear from my 
small ports with significant commercial fishing activity that they are 
getting left behind in the Corps' navigation projects. As instructed in 
the 2022 WRDA, GAO released a report last year that recommends the 
Corps should assess whether to incorporate commercial fish data into 
tonnage for prioritizing project funding. This important economic 
driver should be included as the Corps prioritizes its projects.
                       Turning Basin Improvement
    In addition, I support the authorization for turning basin 
navigation improvements in my district. WRDA 2020 authorized a 
feasibility study to re-evaluate the Lower Columbia River Channel 
Improvement Project turning basins for efficiencies. In partnership 
with the ports of Kalama and Longview, the Corps completed the 
feasibility study and received a favorable Chief's Report in September 
2025. I support the project for navigation improvements in turning 
basins to maximize efficiency and safety of shipping on the Lower 
Columbia River.
                      USDOT Regulatory Compliance
    Outside of WRDA, I want to bring up another issue I've heard about 
from truckers in my district around the compliance burdens for small 
businesses to get their fleet, or even singular truck, on the road. 
I've heard about the challenges complying with the myriad of federal 
regulations necessary to get on the road, but also about the predatory 
companies that mask themselves as federal agencies to scare companies 
into ``compliance'' by paying for unnecessary trainings or for forms 
that can be filed for free. These are multi-million dollar businesses 
that prey on the backs of small business owners. FMCSA needs to go 
after these companies and hold them accountable for preying on small 
business owners.
                               REPAIR Act
    Lastly, I spoke in front of the Energy and Commerce committee about 
this issue last month, but I would be remiss if I didn't mention that I 
support a vehicle safety title of the surface transportation 
reauthorization that includes the REPAIR Act. I am encouraged by E&C's 
recent consideration of this legislation and encourage your committee 
to support the inclusion of a vehicle safety title that makes sure 
people have the right to fix their own stuff.
    Thank you again Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen for 
giving me the opportunity to testify today, and I look forward to 
working with both of you to deliver for communities in Southwest 
Washington.

    Mr. Ezell. The gentlelady yields. Representative Biggs, you 
are recognized for 5 minutes.

TESTIMONY OF HON. ANDY BIGGS, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                      THE STATE OF ARIZONA

    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and Ranking 
Member Stanton. Chairman Ezell, thank you for having me today. 
I am going to address three issues that matter deeply to the 
people of Arizona: first, restoring our State's authority to 
manage its own HOV lane rules; number two, secure dedicated 
funding for the Arizona section of the I-11 project; and 
advancing the energy and water infrastructure our State needs 
to stay competitive.
    All three of these point to the same principle: the Federal 
Government should empower States and ensure projects that 
deliver real value and not affect them negatively. For years, 
our State had the authority to decide what vehicles qualified 
for HOV lanes, a flexibility that mattered to commuters and 
helped ease congestion in the Phoenix metro area and Tucson 
area. Arizona's traffic patterns are not Washington's traffic 
patterns. Our State knows how to manage its own roads. But last 
September, the Federal Government allowed the key provision 
governing HOV authority to lapse, stripping Arizona and every 
other State of the flexibility overnight. And every time the 
Federal Government chips away at State authority, even in small 
ways, it adds up to a larger assault on federalism.
    President Trump and Secretary Duffy understand this. They 
have been working since day one to shrink the Federal 
bureaucracy and return power to the States. And restoring 
Arizona's authority over its own HOV lanes is part of that 
effort, and it is exactly what the American people voted for 
when they elected a President committed to limited Government.
    But restoring State authority is only half the equation. 
The other half is ensuring the Federal Government focuses on 
projects that actually matter, that strengthen our economy, 
improve safety, and deliver long-term value for taxpayers. And 
that takes me to the I-11 project, which is about building a 
modern, safe, efficient highway corridor that Arizona families, 
truckers, and small businesses can rely on.
    I-11 will finally connect Phoenix and Las Vegas, the two 
largest cities in this Nation that still lack a direct 
interstate between each other. It would give Arizona the 
infrastructure we need to compete and grow in the decades 
ahead. I ask the committee to provide funding necessary to 
complete planning, design, and construction so we can finally 
get this project built. Its benefits are real, and they will be 
immediate.
    A modern interstate built to current safety standards will 
reduce crashes and save lives on roads like U.S. 93, which is 
one of the most hazardous roads in America. I-11 will 
strengthen Arizona's role as a logistics and trade hub, 
improving the movement of goods and people across the region, 
especially so much of that trucking that comes on I-40 that's 
coming from the ultra hub of Long Beach and L.A.
    I-11 will also reinforce Arizona's position as a true 
technology and semiconductor leader, a State building the chips 
and advanced technologies vital to America's economy and 
national security. By creating a modern, reliable corridor, I-
11 will support good-paying jobs, attract private-sector 
investment, and bring new economic opportunities to rural 
communities along the route.
    Arizona has already completed a Tier 1 Environmental Impact 
Statement and secured a Federal Record of Decision establishing 
the corridor from Nogales to Wickenburg. The State has put tens 
of millions of dollars on the table for the next phase of work. 
Arizonans have waited long enough to modernize this, and I 
encourage you to do that, include the funding for this.
    But Arizona's future also depends on reliable, affordable 
energy. Right now our families pay some of the highest gas 
prices in the Nation because we are tied to California's 
shrinking refinery capacity and its aggressive regulatory 
regime, and that dependence drives up costs for every commuter 
in the country. That is why projects like the Western Gateway 
Pipeline matter. If fully built and operational, this pipeline 
would move refined fuels from Texas to Arizona and then further 
west, giving our State a stable, affordable supply of gasoline 
and diesel. It would reduce our dependence on California, lower 
energy costs for Arizona families, and strengthen the entire 
region's energy security. It is the kind of infrastructure that 
delivers real value without growing bureaucracy.
    And just as Arizona needs energy certainty, we also need 
water certainty. Long-term economic growth depends on securing 
stable, predictable water supplies. Desalination is one 
promising tool in that effort, and one proposal led by IDE 
Technologies would build a desal plant in Puerto Penasco, 
Sonora, and deliver water from the Sea of Cortez to the Phoenix 
area. The company estimates the project could provide Arizona 
with a reliable water supply for up to 100 years. We hope for 
support for this project from this committee to expedite 
building and expediting the permits necessary. We should 
evaluate these proposals carefully, but the potential is clear.
    So these are the projects that I wanted to introduce to you 
and encourage you to go forward. And I would say, Chairman 
Ezell, that gentleman sitting to your left both literally and 
figuratively, Mr. Stanton, understands these projects and the 
necessity in Arizona.
    And I have a number of articles that, if it is okay, I 
would like to submit. Would you like me to read them to you, 
sir?
    Mr. Ezell. No, no.
    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. No, please, anything but that. Thank 
you. And no, we will present those.
    Mr. Ezell. Without objection.
    [The information follows:]

                                 
   Articles About Interstate 11, Arizona HOV Lanes, and Desalination 
         Projects, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Andy Biggs
    The articles are retained in committee files and are available 
online at the House of Representatives Document Repository at https://
docs.house.gov/meetings/PW/PW00/20260114/118810/HHRG-119-PW00-20260114-
SD002.pdf.

    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. Thank you.
    [Mr. Biggs' prepared statement follows:]

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Andy Biggs, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Arizona
    Mr. Chairman, members of the committee,
    Today I want to address two issues that matter deeply to the people 
of Arizona: restoring our state's authority to manage rules and 
regulations on HOV lanes and completing the I-11 interstate so Arizona 
families, workers, and small businesses finally get the modern 
transportation backbone they deserve.
    Both issues point to the same principle.
    The federal government should empower states, not micromanage them, 
and it should invest responsibly in projects that deliver real value, 
not grow bureaucracy.
    From the beginning of our Republic, the Founders understood that a 
limited federal government and strong states were essential to 
preserving liberty.
    They wrote that principle directly into the Tenth Amendment.
    The federal government can help fund construction, but the states 
would own and operate their roads. Washington would assist--not 
dictate.
    That balance has served our country well.
    But in Arizona, we've seen how quickly it can erode.
    For years, our state had the authority to decide which vehicles 
qualified for HOV lanes, including single-occupant low-emission 
vehicles that helped ease congestion for commuters.
    That flexibility mattered. Arizona's traffic patterns are not 
Washington's traffic patterns, and our state knows how to manage its 
own roads.
    But last September, the federal government allowed the key 
provision allowing the states to control their HOV lanes to lapse, 
stripping Arizona of that authority overnight.
    A small rule, perhaps, but a big message: Washington once again 
reaching into decisions that belong to the states.
    And every time the federal government chips away at state 
authority--even in small ways--it adds up to a larger assault on 
federalism.
    President Trump and Secretary Duffy understand that.
    They've been working since day one to shrink the federal 
bureaucracy and return power to the states.
    Restoring Arizona's authority over its own HOV lanes is part of 
that effort, and it's exactly what the American people voted for when 
they elected a President committed to limited government.
    But restoring state authority is only half the equation.
    The other half is making sure the federal government focuses on the 
projects that actually matter--projects that strengthen our economy, 
improve safety, and deliver long term value for taxpayers.
    And that brings me to the I-11 interstate.
    The I-11 project is about building a modern, safe, efficient 
highway corridor that Arizona families, truckers, and small businesses 
can rely on.
    It's about connecting Phoenix and Las Vegas--two major American 
cities that still do not have a direct interstate between them.
    And it's about giving Arizona the infrastructure we need to compete 
and grow in the decades ahead.
    I ask that the committee consider a funding necessary to provide 
the Arizona Department of Transportation with the resources needed for 
planning, design, and construction so we can finally get this project 
built.
    The benefits for Arizona and the entire south-west corridor are 
real and immediate.
    A modern interstate built to current safety standards will reduce 
crashes and save lives on roads like US-93, which carries far more 
traffic than it was ever designed for.
    I-11 will strengthen Arizona's role as a logistics and trade hub, 
improving the movement of goods and people between Phoenix, Las Vegas, 
Mexico, and the broader West.
    It will support good paying jobs, attract private sector 
investment, and bring new economic opportunities to rural communities 
along the corridor.
    And this isn't a speculative project.
    Arizona has already completed a Tier 1 environmental impact 
statement and secured a federal record of decision establishing the 
corridor from Nogales to Wickenburg.
    The state has put tens of millions of dollars on the table to 
advance the next phase of work. Arizona has skin in the game. Arizona 
has done the homework.
    And Arizonans have waited long enough for Washington to modernize 
this route.
    So whether we are talking about restoring Arizona's authority over 
its own HOV lanes or completing the I-11 interstate, the principle is 
the same: a limited federal government that respects state leadership 
and invests responsibly in projects that deliver real value for 
taxpayers.
    That is the federalism the Founders envisioned.
    And that is the approach President Trump is restoring--a federal 
government that does its job, does it well, and stays in its lane.
    I urge my colleagues to support both efforts: restore Arizona's 
authority to manage its own roads, and help us finish I-11 so our state 
can continue to grow, compete, and lead.
    Thank you, and I yield back.

    Mr. Ezell. Okay, Representative Flood----
    Mr. Stanton. Real quick, I have a quick----
    Mr. Ezell. Oh, go ahead.
    Mr. Stanton. Thank you very much, Congressman Biggs, for 
addressing those important issues, particularly the HOV lane 
and I-11. That is something that we can really work on in a 
bipartisan way, because it is a very high priority for our 
State.
    And I will let you know--and I think I have talked on the 
floor, et cetera--Congressman LaLota and I do have a bill, a 
bipartisan bill--probably could be on suspension, we need the 
Speaker to get it on the floor--dealing with the HOV lane 
decisionmaking at the State level. So I want you to know it is 
ready to go as soon as it gets on the crowded suspension 
calendar.
    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. I appreciate your work on these 
issues, Mr. Stanton, and I will also nag at the leadership to 
bring that forward as quickly as possible. Thank you.
    Mr. Stanton. You nag? I am shocked that----
    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. Urge.
    Mr. Stanton. Urge.
    Mr. Biggs of Arizona. Urge.
    Mr. Stanton. Advocate, yes.
    Mr. Ezell. Mr. Flood, it's all yours.

TESTIMONY OF HON. MIKE FLOOD, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM 
                     THE STATE OF NEBRASKA

    Mr. Flood. Thank you, Acting Chairman Ezell and Acting 
Ranking Member Stanton, and all the members of the committee. I 
am grateful for the opportunity to highlight an important 
project in Nebraska's First Congressional District. 
Specifically, I would like to call your attention to the 
proposed Lincoln East Beltway. It is located in the capital 
city of Nebraska and is also located in Lancaster County, proud 
home to the University of Nebraska and, most importantly, where 
300,000 Nebraskans live.
    The Lincoln East Beltway is a proposed new highway corridor 
on the east side of the Lincoln metro area, spanning 13 miles 
from the existing Lincoln South Beltway to I-80. This project 
involves the development of a four-lane divided freeway that 
would alleviate congestion, improve connectivity, support 
regional growth, and improve safety in the Lincoln area. 
Recognized as a key transportation priority, the Lincoln East 
Beltway is included in the Lincoln/Lancaster County 2050 
Comprehensive Plan for corridor protection and is listed in the 
Metro Planning Organization 2025-2028 Transportation 
Improvement Plan.
    On January 23, 2007, the city of Lincoln and Lancaster 
County entered into an agreement with the Nebraska DOT and the 
Federal Highway Administration to prepare a preliminary design 
and to file corridor protection plans for this beltway. The 
Nebraska corridor protection statute provides an important tool 
for responsible planning. Since its inception, the city of 
Lincoln and the county have acquired approximately $4.1 million 
of right-of-way through the corridor protection process, and 
the city and county are positioned to continue to protect the 
corridor as parcels become available for purchase.
    These transportation options are vital to keeping the city 
of Lincoln economically competitive, and physical 
transportation infrastructure is important and it is integral. 
It is a component of the supply chain that supports our 
continued local, regional, and statewide growth in a 
competitive global economy.
    Now that the city of Lincoln South Beltway is complete 
using almost entirely State dollars with some help, thanks to 
Senator Fischer in the Senate, the Lincoln East Beltway remains 
the final, uncompleted portion of the expressway system around 
the city. In anticipation of completing this project, Lincoln 
has invested millions of dollars in securing the east beltway 
corridor for future development to ensure the continued 
economic growth. Federal investment is critical to realize the 
completion of this expressway.
    Once complete, it will see anywhere from 14,000 to 28,000 
vehicles per day. The east beltway will provide an alternate 
route to existing roads, reducing traffic congestion on major 
corridors such as U.S. Highway 77, Nebraska Highway 6, and 
Nebraska Highway 2. By diverting through traffic, particularly 
heavy truck traffic, away from residential and commercial 
areas, the project will enhance daily commutes and reduce 
travel times and improve safety. It will alleviate congestion, 
provide Nebraskans better access to I-80, and reduce traffic 
accidents.
    This project has been a vision for local leaders for 100 
years. Lincoln is one of the last remaining cities in this 
country of its size that does not have a loop highway that 
encircles it. City, county, State, and Federal leaders have all 
been working towards this. This is one of my top priorities. I 
am working through the appropriations process and through the 
upcoming Surface Transportation Reauthorization Act to direct 
Federal support to this priority transportation corridor in our 
capital city.
    I will leave you with this. In any study, Lincoln, 
Nebraska, is one of the best places to raise a family. It is a 
hub of industry, of education, of research. It is the capital 
city. It is home to our entire State government apparatus, and 
it is growing with good people. As people move into Omaha and 
they move into Lincoln, the one thing Lincoln is missing is a 
loop around it. And when we have it, our economy thrives even 
more, our safety improves, and the quality of life for the 
people that call this community home improves. And we would 
like a partnership with the Federal Government.
    With that, I thank you for the time, your attention, and I 
yield back.
    [Mr. Flood's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Mike Flood, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Nebraska
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and all the 
members of the Committee. I am grateful for this opportunity to 
highlight an important project in Nebraska's First Congressional 
District.
    Specifically, I would like to call to your attention the proposed 
``Lincoln East Beltway'' located in Lincoln, Nebraska and Lancaster 
County, Nebraska. Lincoln is the capital of Nebraska, proudly home to 
the flagship University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and, most importantly, 
where roughly three hundred thousand of my constituents reside.
    The Lincoln East Beltway is a proposed new highway corridor on the 
east side of the Lincoln metropolitan area, spanning 13 miles from the 
existing Lincoln South Beltway to Interstate 80. This project involves 
the development of a four-lane divided freeway that would alleviate 
congestion, improve connectivity, and support regional growth in the 
Lincoln, Nebraska metropolitan area.
    Recognized as a key transportation priority, the Lincoln East 
Beltway is included in the Lincoln / Lancaster County 2050 
Comprehensive Plan for corridor protection and is listed in the Lincoln 
/ Lancaster County, Nebraska Metropolitan Planning Organization 2025-
2028 Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP).
    On January 23, 2007, the City of Lincoln and the County of 
Lancaster entered into an agreement with the Nebraska Department of 
Transportation and Federal Highway Administration to prepare a 
preliminary design and to file corridor protection plans for the 
proposed Lincoln East Beltway. The Nebraska corridor protection statute 
provides an important tool for responsible planning. Since inception, 
the City of Lincoln and the County of Lancaster have already acquired 
approximately $4.1 million of right-of-way through the corridor 
protection process, and the City and County are positioned to continue 
to protect the corridor as parcels become available for purchase.
    Transportation options are vital to keeping the City of Lincoln and 
the County of Lancaster economically competitive, and physical 
transportation infrastructure is an integral component of the supply 
chain that supports our continued local, regional, and statewide growth 
in a competitive global economy. Now that the City of Lincoln's South 
Beltway is complete, the Lincoln East Beltway remains the final 
uncompleted portion of the expressway system around the City of 
Lincoln. In anticipation of completing this project, the City of 
Lincoln and the County of Lancaster have invested millions of dollars 
in securing the Lincoln East Beltway corridor for future development. 
To ensure continued economic growth, federal investment is critical to 
realize the completion of the expressway system serving the City of 
Lincoln and the County of Lancaster.
    Once complete, this project will redirect between 14,000 and 28,000 
vehicles per day from city streets and county roads. The Lincoln East 
Beltway will provide an alternative route to existing roads, reducing 
traffic congestion on major corridors such as U.S. Highway 77, Nebraska 
Highway 6 and Nebraska Highway 2. By diverting through-traffic, 
particularly heavy truck traffic, away from residential and commercial 
areas, the project will enhance daily commutes and reduce travel times. 
It will alleviate congestion, provide Nebraskans better access to 
Interstate 80 and reduce traffic accidents. In addition to the jobs 
created during construction, expanded transportation corridors will 
attract businesses and foster economic development, benefiting both 
urban and rural areas in Lancaster County.
    This project has been a vision for local leaders for nearly 100 
years. Lincoln is one of the last remaining cities of its size that 
doesn't have a loop highway that encircles it. City, county, state and 
federal leaders have all been working towards finding a solution that 
gets the project across the finish line. I am avidly working through 
the appropriations process and through the upcoming Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization Act to direct federal support to this 
priority transportation corridor in Nebraska's capital city.
    Thank you for this opportunity to highlight the future Lincoln East 
Beltway. I look forward to working with you to support this important 
priority and invest in the future of Nebraska's First Congressional 
District.
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

    Ms. King-Hinds [presiding]. Thank you very much, 
Representative Flood. Now moving on to Representative Sorensen.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. ERIC SORENSEN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF ILLINOIS

    Mr. Sorensen. I want to begin by thanking Chairman Graves, 
Ranking Member Larsen, to Ms. King-Hinds and Mr. Stanton for 
welcoming me to your committee and talk about Water Resources 
Development Act of 2026.
    For every American, WRDA represents one of the best Federal 
opportunities to respond to protect our waterways and support 
clean water and healthy ecosystems in our communities.
    I am proud to represent the 17th District of Illinois. I 
like to say that my district is on the west coast of Illinois, 
because we are on the great Mississippi River. It is home to 
John Deere and many farms and agribusinesses that rely on the 
Mississippi to move their goods quickly and efficiently into 
the global market. The Army Corps of Engineers and local 
communities along the river work hand in hand to maintain and 
upgrade the locks and dams, as well as other essential 
infrastructure--essential, considering that much of this 
infrastructure dates back to the 1940s.
    Last year, I joined my fellow colleagues, Congresswoman 
Budzinski and Senators Baldwin, Duckworth, Durbin, Klobuchar, 
and Smith in submitting a funding request for the Navigation 
and Ecosystem Sustainability Program, or NESP, to the 
Appropriations Committee. I was proud to see the program funded 
at $18 million in the drafted energy and water appropriations 
bill.
    My district is home to dozens of drinking water and 
wastewater agencies that serve the people of central and 
northwestern Illinois. These agencies are in desperate need of 
funding to support necessary upgrades and repairs to serve the 
people. For this reason, I am pleased that the committee will 
accept environmental infrastructure requests for WRDA. The need 
for these critical authorizations, especially in rural small 
hometowns, is clear.
    For example, South Pekin, Illinois, a village in my 
district with a population less than 1,000, received an EPA 
violation due to dangerous levels of manganese in their water. 
High manganese exposure in drinking water is linked to 
cognitive impairments and behavioral problems in babies and 
children. The village must construct a manganese filter plant 
to address the contamination, which will cost more than $18 
million. In a town less than 1,000, they can't absorb the costs 
without financial support. Otherwise, utility bills will go up 
by $52 a month.
    In Rock Island, the Big Island River Conservancy District 
must replace a levee gate well and culvert which is at the 
brink of disaster, of failing. To this day, the Army Corps uses 
this levee system to train its incoming personnel. With a 
population of less than 300, this tiny little jurisdiction does 
not have the option of taxing themselves out of the situation. 
Should the levee fail, the consequences will be devastating. 
Their homes in the nearby village of Milan, where emergency 
services for the region are located, will be under water.
    WRDA authorizations ensure these critical, high-priority 
projects are strategically well positioned to receive Federal 
funding in the future. I encourage this great committee to 
prioritize these important projects, and I look forward to 
submitting these, as well as other worthy projects, for 
immediate consideration. I appreciate the opportunity to 
testify here today before the committee on matters that 
directly affect my neighbors in Illinois 17.
    I yield back. Thank you.
    [Mr. Sorensen's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Eric Sorensen, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Illinois
    I want to begin by thanking Chairman Graves and Ranking Member 
Larsen for convening this hearing and for welcoming member testimony as 
you craft the Water Resources Development Act of 2026.
    For every American, WRDA represents one of the best federal 
opportunities to respond to disasters, protect our waterways, and 
support clean water and healthy ecosystems.
    I am proud to represent the 17th district of Illinois. My district 
sits along the upper Mississippi River and is home to dozens of 
agribusinesses and farmers that rely on the Mississippi to move their 
goods to the global market.
    The Army Corps of Engineers and local communities along the river 
work hand in hand to maintain and upgrade the locks and dams as well as 
other essential infrastructure. Last year, I joined my fellow 
colleague's Rep. Budzinski and Senators Baldwin, Duckworth, Durbin, 
Klobuchar, and Smith in submitting a funding request for the 
Navigational Ecosystem Sustainability Program, or NESP, to the 
Appropriations Committee. I was proud to see this program funded at $18 
million in the drafted Energy and Water appropriations bill.
    Part of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law was intended to fund the 
construction on Lock and Dam 25 and six other projects to completion. 
However, the funding is not sufficient to cover the full costs. Without 
additional clarification from Congress, completion of these products 
will be delayed, as local funding sources cannot bridge the gap. I urge 
the Committee to include language in the upcoming WRDA to clarify that 
all seven projects be fully federally funded as intended under the 
Bipartisan Infrastructure Law.
    My district is home to dozens of drinking water and wastewater 
agencies that serve the people of Central and Northwestern Illinois. 
These agencies are in desperate need of funding to support necessary 
system upgrades and repairs to protect the communities they serve. For 
this reason, I am pleased that the Committee will accept Environmental 
Infrastructure requests for WRDA.
    The need for these critical authorizations--especially in rural 
regions--is clear.
    For example, South Pekin, a village in my district with a 
population of less than 1,000, received an EPA violation due to the 
dangerous levels of manganese naturally occurring in their water. High 
manganese exposure in drinking water has been linked to lower IQ 
scores, cognitive impairments, and behavioral problems in babies and 
children. The village must construct a manganese filter plant to 
address the contamination which will cost them over $18 million. This 
small village cannot absorb these costs and without any financial 
support, households will see their water bill increase to an additional 
$52 per month until the project is funded.
    In Rock Island, the Big Island River Conservancy District must 
replace a levee gatewell and culvert which is at the brink of failing. 
With a population less than 100, this tiny jurisdiction doesn't have 
the option to tax themselves out of this situation. Should the levee 
fail, their homes will be underwater.
    WRDA authorizations ensures these critical, high-priority projects 
are strategically well-positioned to receive federal funding in the 
future.
    I look forward to submitting these and other worthy projects for 
consideration.
    I appreciate the opportunity to testify before the Committee on 
matters that directly affect the families and communities of Illinois' 
17th district.

    Ms. King-Hinds. Thank you, Representative Sorensen. Moving 
on to Representative Simon.

TESTIMONY OF HON. LATEEFAH SIMON, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

    Ms. Simon. Thank you. Thank you, Chair Graves and Ranking 
Member Larsen, and all the Members here to hear us out today.
    Six months ago, I shared with this committee my experiences 
as a transit-dependent woman and how they shaped my commitment 
to safe, accessible, and affordable public transportation. For 
millions of Americans, public transportation is not optional. 
It is how we get to work, to school, to medical care, and back 
home again. Transit access, as a woman with low vision, born 
with cognitive low vision, shaped my life. I have never driven 
a car. This is why I care so deeply about making transit, 
public transit, throughout the country safe and reliable for 
every rider.
    During my time as an elected member of Bay Area Rapid 
Transit board of directors, rider and operator safety was 
always my concrete and top priority. It was this focus on 
safety that led me to create and champion the first of its 
kind, the first-in-the-Nation Transit Ambassador program for 
any railway, a visible unarmed worker presence to deter low-
level incidents and to de-escalate quality-of-life, low-crime 
situations.
    Transit ambassadors are a cost-effective way to protect 
operations, reduce violence, and build rider confidence. The 
results speak for themselves. Last year, crime on Bay Area 
Rapid Transit dropped 17 percent, violent crime dropped 23 
percent, even while ridership increased 2.6 million trips. Last 
spring, I rode from the 19th Street BART station to the 
Fruitvale Station in my congressional district to see the 
ambassadors in action, and riders told me that they felt safer 
because they can see someone who is there to help and not just 
arrest.
    That is why I recently introduced the Rapid Intervention 
and Deterrence for Enhanced Rider, or RIDER, Safety Act. This 
bill would help transit agencies nationwide establish similar 
ambassador programs.
    To be clear, ambassadors do not replace transit police. 
They work alongside sworn officers. But staffing shortages are 
real, and they mean officers cannot always respond quickly to 
nonemergency threats. Without dedicated engagement roles, minor 
issues can escalate, putting riders and operators at risk.
    I am proud this legislation has the support of unions and 
transit operators alike throughout the country, and I would 
urge this committee to include the RIDER Safety Act in your 
upcoming surface transportation reauthorization.
    And I will yield back.
    [Ms. Simon's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Lateefah Simon, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of California
    Thank you, Chair Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and members of this 
Committee, for the opportunity to testify today. Six months ago, I 
shared with you my experiences as a transit-dependent woman, and how 
they shaped my commitment to safe, accessible, and affordable public 
transit. For millions of Americans, transit is not optional. It is how 
we get to work, to school, to medical care, and back home again.
    Those trips shaped my life, and they are why I care so deeply about 
making transit safe and reliable for every rider. During my time 
serving on the Board of the Bay Area Rapid Transit, rider and operator 
safety was always a top priority. It was this focus on safety that led 
me to champion the first-in-the-nation Transit Ambassador program, 
providing a visible, unarmed worker presence to deter low-level 
incidents and de-escalate situations. Transit Ambassadors are a cost-
effective way to protect operators, reduce violence, and build rider 
confidence without over-policing. The results speak for themselves: 
last year, crime on BART dropped 17 percent, violent crime dropped 23 
percent, even while ridership increased by 2.6 million trips.
    Last spring, I rode from the 19th Street station to the Fruitvale 
station in my Congressional District to see Ambassadors in action. 
Riders told me they feel safer because they see someone who can help, 
not just arrest. That's why I recently introduced the Rapid 
Intervention and Deterrence for Enhanced Rider, or ``RIDER,'' Safety 
Act. This bill would help transit agencies nationwide establish similar 
Ambassador programs. To be clear, Ambassadors do not replace transit 
police. They work alongside sworn officers. But staffing shortages mean 
officers cannot always respond quickly to non-emergency threats. 
Without dedicated engagement roles, minor issues can escalate, putting 
riders and operators at risk. I am proud this legislation has the 
support of unions and transit operators alike, and I urge this 
Committee to include H.R. 6069, the RIDER Safety Act in the upcoming 
Surface Transportation Reauthorization.
    Another priority I would like to address is affordability. 
Affordable housing and public transit are deeply connected. BART's 
transit-oriented development program has provided relief for low-income 
families, delivering more than 4,000 housing units, including 
affordable units, across 15 stations. These projects don't just create 
homes; they drive local economic growth. Every 100 units built on BART 
property generate roughly 450 direct and indirect jobs. For working 
families, living near transit isn't a luxury. It means access to jobs, 
schools, healthcare, and opportunity. When we put homes near transit, 
we reduce emissions and connect families to the future they deserve.
    Finally, accessible transit is critical. Today, individuals with 
disabilities have very limited flexibility when requesting paratransit 
services. That lack of flexibility limits independence and opportunity. 
I want to work with this Committee to ensure same-day paratransit 
services are supported. I'll close with this: mobility is a human 
right. It's how we get to work, to school, to medical appointments, and 
to each other. I was sent to Congress to fight for working families, 
and that fight starts with making sure they can get where they need to 
go safely, affordably, and reliably.
    Thank you, and I yield back.

    Ms. King-Hinds. Thank you, Representative Simon.
    Mr. Stanton. Thank you. Good stuff.
    Ms. King-Hinds. Hafaloha. Moving on to Representative 
Tokuda.

TESTIMONY OF HON. JILL N. TOKUDA, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                    FROM THE STATE OF HAWAII

    Ms. Tokuda. Aloha. Mahalo, Congresswoman King-Hinds, 
Congressman Stanton for presiding over today's Member Day 
hearing. I represent Hawaii's Second Congressional District, 
the entire Hawaiian Archipelago.
    From Hawaii Island to Kaua`i and everything in between, 
transportation is not a convenience; it is a lifeline. For 
rural communities like ours, multimodal transportation 
systems--air, ferry, marine, and surface--are the gateways to 
what is possible. When they work, people can reach the doctor, 
students can get to school, businesses can move goods from one 
place to another, and families can stay connected. But when 
they fail, opportunity shuts down.
    Transportation challenges in Hawaii aren't about shaving 
minutes off of a commute; they determine whether a kupuna can 
make a medical appointment or the food, fuel, and medicine 
arrive on time, and whether people are stranded with no way in 
or out. And that is why I continue to push to strengthen the 
Essential Air Service program.
    Earlier last year, the carrier serving all four of Hawaii's 
EAS routes grounded its entire fleet without warning for weeks. 
Overnight, Lana'i, Hana, Kamuela, and Kalaupapa were cut off. 
No flights, no backup, no aircrafts, no answers. The 
consequences for our communities were almost immediate: missed 
medical care, lost jobs, delayed Government services, people 
putting children on fishing boats to get to the emergency room, 
residents literally stranded on their islands with no 
alternative transportation.
    And Hawaii is not unique in these types of situations. 
Rural communities across the country face the same risks when 
EAS carriers fail to plan for disruptions. That is why I 
introduced the bipartisan EAS Reliability Act to require 
contingency planning for nonweather-related disruptions to 
Essential Air Services. It is a commonsense fix. No program 
expansion, no new funding. This bill would improve 
accountability, reliability, and ensure that the Federal 
investment in EAS delivers on the promise of connectivity for 
rural communities, this connectivity that they rely on.
    And I would like to thank Congresswoman King-Hinds and 
Congressman Begich for co-leading on this legislation and for 
being members of this committee. Thank you for the 
collaboration and the support. We all know what it is like to 
live in rural island communities.
    Last month, we submitted a letter to the T&I Committee 
leadership highlighting the importance of the EAS Reliability 
Act and requesting its consideration in an upcoming markup. 
That letter is included in my written testimony. I respectfully 
ask the committee to take up our bill to improve the 
reliability of EAS for rural and remote communities across the 
country.
    I also wanted to highlight two priorities for the surface 
transportation reauthorization bill.
    First, we must fix the Ferry Service For Rural Communities 
Program. Hawaii is a noncontiguous island State with no 
connecting roads, yet current eligibility rules make it nearly 
impossible for us to participate. Allowing local governments to 
apply directly and adjusting distance requirements would help 
rural island communities build interisland ferry service and 
create desperately needed redundancies to ensure access for all 
of our people.
    Second, I support establishing a Hawaii Marine Highway 
System modeled after Alaska. Hawaii and Alaska share isolation, 
reliance on marine transport, and severe consequences when 
these systems fail, yet only Alaska currently has parity in how 
Federal-aid highway funds can be used for marine highways. 
Hawaii deserves the same support. My proposal would bring 
parity to Hawaii and allow Federal highway funds to be used for 
interisland shipping infrastructure.
    Finally, I want to raise the issue of air traffic 
controller pay. Air traffic controllers create opportunity for 
all of us by making air travel safe, reliable, and possible, 
especially in a place like Hawaii, where aviation is a 
lifeline. We owe them that same commitment. During the 
shutdown, I spoke with controllers across my State, and their 
biggest concern wasn't just the disruption, it was pay that no 
longer reflects the complexity of their work or the 
professionalism that it demands. Too many can't afford to live 
where they serve. When pay falls behind, we risk losing talent 
and compromising safety. But when we get it right, we create 
opportunity for our controllers to care for their families, buy 
a home, and build a future in the communities that depend on 
them.
    Thank you again for your service, for all that you do. 
Mahalo for this opportunity to testify, and I look forward to 
working with each and every one of you to ensure transportation 
systems truly serve rural and remote communities like ours, and 
keep doors of opportunity open.
    Thank you. I yield back.
    [Ms. Tokuda's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Jill N. Tokuda, a Representative in Congress 
                        From the State of Hawaii
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, for holding 
today's Member Day hearing.
    I represent Hawai`i's Second Congressional District, which spans 
the entire Hawaiian Archipelago.
    From Hawai`i Island to Kaua`i and every neighbor island in between, 
transportation isn't a luxury, it's a lifeline for my constituents. For 
our island communities, transportation challenges go far beyond 
congestion or commute times.
    They determine whether a kupuna (a senior) can get to a doctor's 
appointment, whether families can stay connected, and whether essential 
goods like food, fuel, and medicine can move reliably, safely, and 
affordably between communities.
                          EAS Reliability Act
    This is one of the reasons why I continue to advocate for 
strengthening the Essential Air Service (EAS) program. EAS ensures 
rural and remote communities stay connected to the national air system. 
But when EAS falters, the consequences are immediate and severe.
    Earlier this year, the carrier serving all four of our EAS routes 
in Hawai`i grounded its entire fleet without warning. Communities like 
Lana`i, Hana, Kamuela, and Kalaupapa were suddenly cut off. No flights, 
no backup aircraft, and no clear timeline for restoration.
    For residents, that meant missed medical appointments, lost 
workdays, delayed government services, and people literally stranded on 
islands with no other way out.
    And Hawai`i is not unique. Communities across the country have 
experienced similar disruptions when EAS carriers fail to manage risks 
and plan ahead for when things go wrong.
    That is why I introduced the bipartisan EAS Reliability Act which 
would require carriers to have contingency plans for non-weather-
related service disruptions. This is a commonsense fix. It does not 
expand the program or increase government spending. It simply 
strengthens accountability, improves reliability, and helps ensure that 
the federal investment in EAS delivers the connectivity rural 
communities depend on.
    I want to thank Congressman Begich, my co-lead for this bill and a 
member of this Committee, for working with me on this legislation. Last 
month, we also sent a letter highlighting the importance of this 
legislation and asking T&I Committee leadership to include the EAS 
Reliability Act in any upcoming markup. A copy of that letter is 
included with this written testimony. I respectfully ask the Committee 
to take up our bill so we can improve EAS for rural and remote 
communities across the country.
           Surface Transportation Reauthorization Priorities
    I also wanted to take this opportunity to highlight two important 
programs included in my requests to this Committee for the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization bill.
    First, we must reauthorize and improve the Ferry Service for Rural 
Communities Program. Hawai`i is a non-contiguous island state with no 
connecting roads between islands. Yet current distance and eligibility 
requirements for this federal Ferry program make it nearly impossible 
for Hawai`i to utilize.
    I am advocating to allow local governments to participate directly 
in the program and to reduce the required sailing distance for non-
contiguous states and territories. These changes would help rural 
island communities like those I represent develop inter-island ferry 
service and create much-needed transportation redundancy.
    Second, I support the creation of a Hawai`i Marine Highway System, 
modeled on the Alaska Marine Highway System. Alaska and Hawai`i face 
similar challenges: geographic isolation, dependence on marine 
transportation, and high costs when systems fail. Yet only Alaska 
currently has parity in how federal-aid highway funds can be used for 
marine highways.
    My proposal would give Hawai`i the same support by allowing federal 
highway funds to be used for inter-island shipping infrastructure.
                    Pay for Air Traffic Controllers
    Lastly, I want to highlight the impact of inadequate pay for Air 
Traffic Controllers. During the recent government shutdown, I met with 
ATCs across Hawai`i. Setting aside the impacts of the shutdown, the 
concern I heard most was the inadequacy of the ATC pay scale.
    Simply put, ATC pay is not keeping up. A growing number of 
controllers can't afford to buy a house where they work, and this 
problem is especially pronounced in Hawai`i.
    I hope to work with this Committee to review controller 
compensation and ensure this profession can continue to attract the 
best and brightest.
                               Conclusion
    Mahalo again for the opportunity to testify before this committee. 
I look forward to working with you to deliver for Hawai`i and other 
rural and remote communities across the country.

                                 
Letter of December 5, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and Hon. Rick 
Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 
 from Hon. Jill N. Tokuda and Hon. Nicholas J. Begich III, Members of 
       Congress, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Jill N. Tokuda
                                                  December 5, 2025.
The Honorable Sam Graves,
Chairman,
House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 1135 Longworth 
        House Office Building, Washington, DC 20515.
The Honorable Rick Larsen,
Ranking Member,
House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 2163 Rayburn 
        House Office Building, Washington, DC 20515.
    Dear Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen:
    We respectfully request that H.R. 4246, the Essential Air Service 
Reliability Act of 2025, be considered in the upcoming markup in the 
House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.
    Rural and remote communities in Alaska, Hawai`i, and across the 
country depend on the Essential Air Service (EAS) program as a 
lifeline. Yet recent events have underscored the vulnerability of these 
communities when EAS carriers lack adequate contingency plans. In 
Hawai`i, the unexpected grounding of an entire fleet of aircraft in 
January 2025 left residents on neighbor islands stranded for extended 
periods of time with no alternative modes of transportation to access 
critical healthcare services. Similar risks exist in many rural regions 
where EAS provides the only reliable means of connecting residents to 
essential services that are otherwise inaccessible.
    The bipartisan Essential Air Service Reliability Act addresses this 
urgent and ongoing challenge by requiring EAS carriers to include 
contingency plans for maintenance issues and other non-weather-related 
disruptions as part of their competitive applications. This bill would 
strengthen EAS reliability, enhance safety, and ensure that the EAS 
program fulfills its intended purpose of keeping rural communities 
connected. Timely action on this bill is essential to prevent future 
service outages that place vulnerable residents in our districts at 
risk.
    We appreciate your attention to this matter and your continued 
leadership in strengthening our nation's aviation system and protecting 
the connectivity of underserved communities. We and our staff, Will 
Cantrell and Keaton Whittaker, stand ready to answer any questions. 
Thank you for your time and consideration.
            Sincerely,
Jill N. Tokuda,
  Member of Congress.
Nicholas J. Begich III,
  Member of Congress.

    Mr. Stanton. Mahalo.
    Ms. King-Hinds. Thank you for that, Representative Tokuda. 
Moving on now to Representative Sherman.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. BRAD SHERMAN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA

    Mr. Sherman. First, I want to thank you for spending the 
time here, an endless parade of our colleagues with an endless 
parade of needs for their district. The fact that you are doing 
very important work is demonstrated by the fact that we are all 
here, and you will have several more panels to go.
    I want to thank you for, over the years, providing money 
for transportation for the State of California. And my number-
one ask is that you fully fund the Capital Investment Grants 
program.
    I would request that we would enter for the record a 
position paper of the Los Angeles County Metro on your surface 
transportation authorization bill.
    Ms. King-Hinds. Without objection.
    [The information follows:]

                                 
  Report entitled, ``U.S.A. Build Initiative: Surface Transportation 
     Authorization Bill,'' by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan 
Transportation Authority, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Brad Sherman
    The report is retained in committee files and is available online 
at the House of Representatives Document Repository at https://
docs.house.gov/meetings/PW/PW00/20260114/118810/HHRG-119-PW00-20260114-
SD003.pdf.

    Mr. Sherman. And for those of you who want to read it in 
color, I have extra copies.
    First and foremost is the Sepulveda Pass. This is, I think, 
the most congested roadway in America. It is the freeway that 
is famous for congestion since Johnny Carson was making jokes 
about it. We are talking about 400,000 people going through 
that pass, a narrow pass through the Santa Monica Mountains, 
and we are talking about 59 hours per year of lost life. Not 
even lost life: hell-on-Earth life, being stuck in the 
Sepulveda Pass.
    And now we have the answer. The staff of the MTA will be 
presenting to the board a modification of its Alternative 5, 
which provides for heavy rail that will carry the full needs 
through that area. It will get from the south San Fernando 
Valley to UCLA in 5 minutes, or from the Orange Line to the 
Purple Line in 10 minutes. This will get people out of their 
cars. And for those who don't use it, the person who is using 
it was the car in front of you on the freeway.
    [Laughter.]
    Mr. Sherman. You have been to L.A.
    So I want to thank you for including in your report $10 
million toward this project. But obviously, this is a huge 
national project, tens of billions of dollars. It will take 
years, but it will change Los Angeles.
    Second, we need funds to convert to light rail the highly 
successful bus rapid transit system that you have provided for 
money in the past. The ridership exceeds expectations. That is 
why we need to upgrade from bus rapid transit to light rail.
    Third, I join with my colleagues from Los Angeles with 
regard to asking for help to deal with the transportation needs 
in advance of the Olympics. There will be 12 to 15 million 
ticket holders. This will be the most spectacular sporting 
event in the history of the country, and it comes with 
transportation needs, as does the Paralympic Games, as well.
    And finally, my district includes the West Los Angeles 
Veterans Affairs Campus, which has need for ADA buses and other 
transportation needs to get patients to this large hospital.
    So I want to thank you for your time and take over a minute 
less than you have allotted.
    [Mr. Sherman's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Brad Sherman, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of California
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee, thank you for this opportunity to highlight critical 
transportation and infrastructure needs of my district, and for your 
bipartisan work toward a Surface Transportation Reauthorization Bill, 
which will provide critical investments in our nation's transit needs. 
As the committee drafts legislative text, I request that you provide 
strong support for the following priorities.
                    Sepulveda Pass Transit Corridor
    I have advocated for additional federal funding to address the 
Sepulveda Pass bottleneck since I was first elected to Congress. 
Providing passenger rail service through the Sepulveda Pass in the 
Santa Monica Mountains in Los Angeles is LA Metro's most important 
infrastructure project, and the best way to reduce traffic on the 405 
freeway and in Los Angeles County. L.A. Metro has recently completed 
Metro's Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR) for the Sepulveda Pass 
Transit Corridor. While the Committee is not providing project specific 
requests, it is critical that the Committee's legislative and report 
language are clear that this project receive the federal resources 
needed for its successful completion. The Committee included 
$10,000,000 that I requested for mass transit through the Sepulveda 
Pass in the 2021 Surface Transportation Bill, and I urge an even 
stronger commitment to passenger rail transit funding--and the 
Sepulveda Pass Transit Corridor Project in particular--in the current 
bill.
                    G Line Conversion to Light Rail
    The LA Metro G Line is a significant resource for residents in the 
San Fernando Valley in my district, currently providing bus rapid 
transit (BRT) which connects residents to job centers, local transit 
networks, and intercity rail. LA Metro has developed a long-range plan 
for improvements to the G Line--including added grade separations, 
improved signaling, and enhanced safety features--and for its future 
conversion to light rail (LRT).
    I urge you to provide robust investment in light rail transit and 
to ensure that the G Line is eligible for expanded federal investment, 
including its ultimate full conversion to light rail.
                      Olympic and Paralympic Games
    The 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games (Games) will be the largest 
and most spectacular sporting event held in American history, with 12 
to 15 million ticketholders projected.
    Effectively delivering a safe, secure, efficient, and accessible 
mobility system to support the Games will require the full support of 
the federal government, including the development of certain necessary 
improvements to our transportation infrastructure and the provision of 
essential transportation services.
    LA Metro is pursuing an ambitious mobility plan for the Games, 
while remaining fully committed, first and foremost, to its existing 
transit riders. This is why it is especially important that LA Metro 
secure additional federal funds. In particular, the MEGA grant program 
will need sizable investments in order to carry out the 2028 Los 
Angeles Olympic and Paralympic Games.
             Prioritizing Veterans on the West LA VA Campus
    The Greater Los Angeles VA Medical Center Campus is undertaking a 
substantial effort to permanently house homeless veterans and their 
families. In partnership with their principle developer, The Veterans 
Collective, the VA's effort mirrors other development patterns across 
the nation. However, as the project is underway on federal land, it has 
often run into eligibility conflicts that have at times obstructed 
veterans on campus from receiving federal support through other non-VA 
programs.
    The transportation needs on the West LA VA Campus are significant. 
They include but are not limited to ADA buses and bus service, 
transportation to and from the VA hospital and public transportation, 
safe sidewalks and lighting. I urge the Committee to support projects 
that address veteran homelessness at the West LA VA Campus and at other 
VA properties. This would include projects that have multiple federal 
benefits and are also eligible for funding from the Federal Highway 
Administration (FHWA), Federal Transit Administration (FTA), and the 
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
    Los Angeles County is the most populous county in the United States 
and a critical logistics hub for goods movement. These investments will 
not only benefit local residents but also improve our national 
transportation priorities. Thank you again for the opportunity to 
provide input as you craft a bipartisan Surface Transportation 
Reauthorization Bill.

    Ms. King-Hinds. Thank you very much, Representative 
Sherman. As somebody who went to school at Loyola Marymount 
University, I am very familiar with the Sepulveda Pass.
    Moving on to Representative Frankel.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. LOIS FRANKEL, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF FLORIDA

    Ms. Frankel. Thank you. Good morning to our chair and 
ranking member. I am Lois Frankel from Palm Beach County, and I 
am here to bring attention to a local issue affecting my 
community in Palm Beach County, Florida, and I am asking the 
committee for collaboration in working with the FAA to address 
this issue.
    As you probably all know, President Trump has a home at 
Mar-a-Lago in the town of Palm Beach. Maybe some of you have 
been there. It is a beautiful place, and he often frequents it 
in the winter months. He comes in on weekends. And the club--he 
calls it a club--it is closed, usually, late spring to early 
fall. And in prior years, understandably so, when the President 
has been at Mar-a-Lago, there have been flight restrictions 
over the premises. But on October 20, at the request of the 
U.S. Secret Service, the FAA implemented a year-round, 24-hour, 
1-nautical-mile no-fly zone around Mar-a-Lago, regardless of 
whether the President is present.
    I am not going to get into the reason for that, but to 
accommodate the decision, the FAA rerouted flightpaths into and 
out of Palm Beach International Airport, shifting aircraft over 
neighborhoods that had not been previously impacted. And I 
brought you a map just to show you.
    [Chart.]
    Ms. Frankel. Really, since 1985, there was--the flightpath 
actually was designated after an extensive environmental 
review, which actually caused many homes in a neighboring area 
to actually be demolished. But this is the old route between 
the yellow lines. And that yellow route impacted about 5,000 
people and 2,200 homes.
    The new route, which is in between the two red lines, is 
now impacting about 11,000 homes, 21,000 residents, along with 
schools, businesses. And planes are flying overhead as 
frequently as 90 seconds. You can understand the phones are 
going off the hook, because the residents are reporting 
constant noise, increased air pollution, declining property 
values, and growing concerns about delays and flight safety at 
Palm Beach International Airport. In just a short period of 
time, our airport at Palm Beach International has received 
hundreds of complaints.
    And you probably would be aware that in Florida, we live 
outdoors, and now, because of these restrictions that are in 
place, thousands of residents are living with disruption every 
single day. I mean, really, I went to an event outside and we 
had to stop, really, almost every few minutes because of 
planes.
    Now, nobody is arguing with the fact that protecting the 
President is essential. We absolutely believe that, regardless 
of your political persuasion. But the question we have is, does 
the security and quality of life have to be mutually exclusive? 
Is there a way to do both?
    We know the Secret Service makes security requests. I am 
not challenging the validity of their request; I have met with 
them in a classified briefing. That is really not the issue for 
me here, although I am going to explore with them whether there 
are other ways for them to pursue their security issue. The 
FAA--and this is why I am here today--determines how the 
airspace is managed. And my community is hoping that there is 
room to explore alternatives to maintain strong security while 
reducing the impact on the surrounding communities.
    I have had very friendly interaction with the Secret 
Service and the FAA. That is not an issue. And I have requested 
engagement with both of them and with our community and with 
our airport. And really, my ask for this committee is to 
expedite those conversations and encourage the FAA to work with 
us toward a fair and reasonable solution, because my community, 
if nothing else, they deserve to know that they have been 
heard, and that viable alternatives have been considered and 
hopefully will be adopted.
    And I thank you, and I yield back.
    [Ms. Frankel's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Lois Frankel, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Florida
    Thank you, Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen.
    I'm here today to bring attention to a serious local problem 
affecting my community in Palm Beach County, Florida, and I'm asking 
for this Committee's assistance in working with the FAA to address it.
    On October 20, at the request of the U.S. Secret Service, the FAA 
implemented a year-round, 24-hour, one-nautical-mile no-fly zone around 
Mar-a-Lago--regardless of whether the President is physically present. 
To accommodate that decision, the FAA rerouted flight paths into and 
out of Palm Beach International Airport, shifting aircraft over 
neighborhoods that had previously not been impacted.
    This represents a sharp departure from how airspace around Palm 
Beach County has been managed for decades. The previous flight routes 
were established after an environmental review and noise-reducing 
measures that minimized the impact to approximately 2,200 homes and 
5,000 people, which was far fewer than under the new restrictions 
today.
    Under the new, year-round restrictions, more than 11,000 homes and 
over 21,000 residents, along with schools and businesses, are now 
directly impacted. Planes are flying overhead as frequently as every 90 
seconds.
    Residents are reporting constant noise, increased air pollution, 
declining property values, and growing concerns about delays and flight 
safety at Palm Beach International Airport. In just a short period of 
time, the county airport has received hundreds of complaints.
    In Florida, people live their lives outdoors. Because these 
restrictions are now in place year-round, thousands of residents are 
living with disruption every single day.
    We know that protecting the President is essential. No one disputes 
that. The question is, do security and quality of life have to be 
mutually exclusive?
    The Secret Service makes security requests, and the FAA determines 
how airspace is managed. My community is hoping that there is room to 
explore alternatives that maintain strong security while reducing the 
impact on surrounding communities.
    I have requested direct engagement with the FAA, the Secret 
Service, airport leadership, local officials, and persons in affected 
neighborhoods and businesses. I am asking this Committee to help 
expedite those conversations and encourage the FAA to work with us 
toward a fair and reasonable solution.
    If nothing else, the community deserves to know that their voices 
have been heard and all viable alternatives have been considered.
    Thank you, and I yield back.

    Ms. King-Hinds. Thank you very much, Representative 
Frankel.
    The committee shall stand in recess, subject to the call of 
the chair.
    [Recess.]
    Mr. Barrett [presiding]. The Committee on Transportation 
and Infrastructure will reconvene the previously recessed 
hearing.
    I now recognize Mr. Moolenaar for 5 minutes.
    Go ahead, sir.

   TESTIMONY OF HON. JOHN R. MOOLENAAR, A REPRESENTATIVE IN 
              CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF MICHIGAN

    Mr. Moolenaar. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Good to see you in 
the chair.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you.
    Mr. Moolenaar. And I appreciate the opportunity and 
appreciate Chairman Graves for hosting this Member Day and 
providing me with the opportunity to address the committee. I 
know the chairman is an avid aviation enthusiast, as are you, 
and I know you appreciate the importance of infrastructure 
investment and modernization of airports.
    As infrastructure ages, investments are needed to ensure 
the safety of aviation and provide the best service possible to 
U.S. travelers. The Gerald R. Ford International Airport, which 
sits in Representative Scholten's district but services many of 
my constituents, has been making such investments by building 
new facilities and expanding to meet the ever-growing demand of 
the region.
    However, one issue they have run into is the aging air 
traffic control tower, which was built in the 1960s and is the 
oldest tower among the Nation's 75 busiest airports. While its 
age is impacting ATC operations, the current placement of the 
tower has also limited the scope of airport improvement 
projects due to line of sight issues. To address these 
concerns, the airport has begun the process of designing a new 
tower. It is my sincere hope, Mr. Chairman, that with this 
tower investment, we can make GRR at least as good as the 
airport Chairman Graves flies in and out of, Tarkio, although 
we still miss the famed Wingnuts.
    But to that end, I ask the committee continue to work to 
ensure that regional airports receive the financial support 
they need to upgrade aging infrastructure and to specifically 
keep GRR's tower in mind for any future legislation.
    Another project I would like to highlight, Mr. Chairman, is 
the ongoing work FEMA is doing in my district in response to 
the 2020 catastrophic dam failures that caused over $190 
million worth of damage across the region.
    The Midland Center for the Arts is a cultural and community 
hub in my district that suffered over $9 million in damage. To 
date, the center has secured FEMA funding to restore four of 
the five center's buildings, and is awaiting approval for the 
final building, the dome building. Representative McDonald 
Rivet and I have been in close communication with FEMA region 5 
over the issue and, while it is moving in the right direction, 
I respectfully ask that you and your staff work with FEMA to 
expedite the release of funding for the final building so that 
this important community hub can be restored to its proper 
state.
    Lastly, Mr. Chairman, I want to highlight the Army Corps of 
Engineers Tittabawassee River Watershed General Investigation 
Study. Currently the study is on a 3x3 contract. However, 
recent developments have revealed that the project needs more 
time and additional funding, prompting the community to seek a 
waiver to update the project to a 4x5 format. It is my 
understanding that this waiver is currently moving through the 
Corps' chain of command, and I would appreciate any effort you 
could make to support this waiver and push this project over 
the finish line.
    Thank you again to the committee for the leadership you 
have demonstrated and for the investment you have made in this 
country's infrastructure, and I appreciate the opportunity to 
highlight these critical projects before your committee.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Mr. Moolenaar's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. John R. Moolenaar, a Representative in 
                  Congress From the State of Michigan
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, for hosting this member day and 
providing me with the opportunity to address the Committee.
    Mr. Chairman, as an avid aviation enthusiast, I know you appreciate 
the importance of infrastructure investment and modernization of 
airports.
    As infrastructure ages, investment is needed to ensure the safety 
of aviation and provide the best service possible to U.S. travelers.
    The Gerald R. Ford International Airport, which sits in Rep. 
Scholten's district but services many of my constituents, has been 
making such investments by building new facilities and expanding to 
meet the ever-growing demand of the region.
    However, one issue they have run into is the aging Air Traffic 
Control Tower, which was built in the 1960's and is the oldest tower 
among the nation's 75 busiest airports.
    While its age is impacting ATC operations, the current placement of 
the tower has also limited the scope of airport improvement projects 
due to line of sight issues.
    To address these concerns, the airport has begun the process of 
designing a new tower.
    It is my sincere hope, Mr. Chairman, that with this tower 
investment, we can make GRR at least as good as Tarkio, though we would 
admittedly still lack the famed Wing Nuts.
    To that end, I ask that the Committee continue to work to ensure 
that regional airports receive the financial support they need to 
upgrade aging infrastructure, and to specifically keep GRR's tower in 
mind for any future legislation.
    Another project that I would like to highlight, Mr. Chairman, is 
the ongoing work FEMA is doing in my district in response to the 2020 
catastrophic dam failures that caused over $190 million dollars' worth 
of damage across the region.
    The Midland Center for the Arts, a cultural and community hub in my 
district that suffered over $9 million dollars in damage. To date, the 
Center has secured FEMA funding to restore 4 of the center's 5 
buildings and is awaiting approval for the final building--the Doan 
building.
    Rep. McDonald Rivet and I have been in close communication with 
FEMA Region 5 over the issue, and while it is moving in the right 
direction, I respectfully ask that you and your staff work with FEMA to 
expedite the release of funding for the final building so that this 
important community hub can be restored to its proper state.
    Lastly, Mr. Chairman, I want to highlight the Army Corps of 
Engineers Tittabawassee River Watershed General Investigations Study.
    Currently, the study is on a 3x3 contract. However, recent 
developments have revealed that the project needs more time and 
additional funding, prompting the community to seek a waiver to update 
the project to a 4x5 format.
    It is my understanding that this waiver is currently moving through 
the Corps' chain of command, and I would appreciate any effort you 
could make to support this waiver and push this project over the finish 
line.
    Thank you, again, Chairman Graves, for the leadership you have 
demonstrated on this committee, and for the investment you have made in 
this country's infrastructure.
    I appreciate the opportunity to highlight these critical projects 
before you and the committee. I yield back.

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. The gentleman yields back. Thank 
you, Mr. Moolenaar. The Chair now recognizes Ms. Hayes for 5 
minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. JAHANA HAYES, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                 FROM THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT

    Mrs. Hayes. Thank you. I appreciate the opportunity to 
speak before the House Transportation and Infrastructure 
Committee to discuss some priorities of the Fifth District of 
Connecticut.
    New England is characterized by historic mill and factory 
towns. And as the region shifts from manufacturing to new 
economies and the population grows, our aging infrastructure is 
buckling under this pressure, specifically our water 
infrastructure.
    On December 13, 2025, just as Connecticut families were 
bracing for some of the coldest temperatures of the season, a 
high-pressure water main failed in the city of Waterbury, the 
largest city in my district. The water main break disrupted 
service to more than 60 percent of the city, with the nearby 
towns of Wolcott and Watertown also affected. Over 100,000 
people were left without running water for 6 days. Hospitals 
were instructed to cancel surgeries. Restaurants were forced to 
close ahead of the holiday season, and the Waterbury Public 
School System was closed for several days.
    With the help of the Connecticut National Guard and State 
and local partners, water distribution sites were set up across 
the city. After 2 weeks, repairs were completed at a cost of 
nearly $3 million. Days later, my district was faced with 
another water infrastructure crisis on Christmas Day, this time 
in Danbury, and 30,000 people were left without drinkable 
water. Once water was restored, residents were under a boil 
advisory to mitigate the risk of water contamination, again 
relying on water distribution sites across the city.
    Many of these cities have underground cast iron or clay 
pipes, coupled with inoperable shut-off valves. This vast 
underground network of aging pipes, gaskets, pumps, and valves 
is close to 100 years old. And you don't know there is a 
problem until you know there is a problem. But water 
infrastructure failure is not inevitable. Federal investments 
can help States acquire the resources to replace outdated pipes 
and other essential water infrastructure.
    As the committee works to develop priorities for the 
remainder of this Congress, I urge you to support critical 
programs that will allow States to address water infrastructure 
needs and bring these systems into the 21st century--in 
particular, the Drinking Water State Revolving Loan Fund, the 
Clean Water State Revolving Fund, and programs supported by the 
Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 2014. Many 
of these programs were included in the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, which delivered more than $50 
billion to improve drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater 
infrastructure across the country.
    But decades of disinvestment means that even more help is 
required. As the committee prepares to develop the Water 
Resources Development Act, or WRDA, of 2026, I urge the Members 
to prioritize provisions that address flood mitigation and 
climate resilience. Extreme weather events in recent years 
underscore the need for investment in these programs.
    In August of 2024, during a 1,000-year storm, 
municipalities in my district saw up to 12 to 15 inches of 
rainfall in just a few hours. Approximately 700 residents 
reported damage as a result of the storm. While FEMA funding 
was critical to helping towns recover, water infrastructure 
dollars, as included in previous water resources development 
legislation, would have made a meaningful difference for towns 
like Southbury, where the collapse of a local dam unleashed 80 
million gallons of water into the town center.
    We do not have to wait until devastating storms, national 
disasters, or water infrastructure breakdowns occur. I know 
that my district is not the only place where water 
infrastructure needs to be updated or repaired. We can make 
Federal investments in our community now, before these crises 
occur. I urge this committee to prioritize water investments 
and push for inclusion of funding for all of the programs that 
I just listed in any further appropriations packages. I know 
that it is essential for my community, because water is life.
    Thank you, and I yield back.
    [Mrs. Hayes' prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Jahana Hayes, a Representative in Congress 
                     From the State of Connecticut
    Thank you.
    I appreciate the opportunity to appear before the House 
Transportation & Infrastructure Committee to discuss the priorities of 
my constituents in the Fifth District of Connecticut.
    On December 13, 2025, just as Connecticut families were bracing for 
some of the coldest temperatures of the season, a high-pressure water 
main failed in the city of Waterbury, the largest city in my district.
    The water main break disrupted service to more than 60% of the 
city, with the nearby towns of Wolcott and Watertown also affected.
    Over 100,000 people were left without running water for six days.
    Hospitals were instructed to cancel surgeries, restaurants were 
forced to shutter their doors ahead of the holiday season, and 
Waterbury public schools were closed.
    With the help of the Connecticut National Guard and state and local 
partners, water distribution sites were set up across the city.
    After two weeks, repairs were completed at a cost of nearly $3 
million.
    Days later, my district was faced with another water infrastructure 
crisis on Christmas Day.
    A water main break in Danbury left 30,000 people without drinkable 
water.
    Once water was restored, residents were under boil-water advisories 
for hours to mitigate the risk of water contamination, again relying on 
water distribution sites across the city.
    Water infrastructure failures are not inevitable.
    Federal investments can help states acquire the resources to 
replace outdated pipes and other essential water infrastructure.
    As the Committee works to develop priorities for the remainder of 
the 119th Congress, I urge my colleagues on this Committee to support 
critical programs that will allow states to address water 
infrastructure needs.
    In particular, the Drinking Water State Revolving Loan Fund 
(DWSRF), the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF), and programs 
supported by the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act of 
2014.
    Many of these programs were included in the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, which delivered more than $50 billion 
to improve drinking water, wastewater, and stormwater infrastructure 
across our country.
    Further, as the Committee prepares to develop the Water Resources 
Development Act (WRDA) of 2026, I urge Members to prioritize provisions 
that address flood mitigation and climate resilience.
    Extreme weather events in recent years underscore the need for 
investment in these programs.
    In August 2024, during a thousand-year storm, municipalities in my 
district saw up to 12 to 15 inches of rainfall.
    Approximately 700 residents reported damage as a result of the 
storm.
    While FEMA funding was critical to helping towns recover, water 
infrastructure dollars, as included in previous Water Resources 
Development legislation, would have made a meaningful difference for 
towns like Southbury, where the collapse of a local dam unleashed 80 
million gallons of water into the town center.
    We do not have to wait until devastating storms, natural disasters, 
or water infrastructure breakdowns occur.
    We can make the federal investment in our communities now.
    Thank you. I yield back.

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. Mr. Newhouse is recognized for 5 
minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. DAN NEWHOUSE, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                  FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

    Mr. Newhouse. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, Mr. 
Ranking Member, as well as members of the committee, for the 
opportunity to discuss several priorities that are important to 
my constituents in central Washington State.
    This Congress has passed a significant number of priorities 
since the beginning of this Congress and has the opportunity to 
capitalize upon that and continue addressing some of the 
biggest challenges that face our Nation. This includes issues 
that affect my home State of Washington.
    The first I would like to speak to are the Lower Snake 
River Dams. These vital dams, which are operated by the U.S. 
Army Corps of Engineers, can produce enough energy to power 
700,000 homes annually. These dams help ensure the reliability 
of the Pacific Northwest power system, particularly during 
periods of high demand or emergencies. They also play a 
critical role in reducing transportation emissions. Between 50 
and 60 million tons of cargo are transported by barge along the 
Columbia Snake River System each year, as well as roughly 40 
percent of America's wheat. This infrastructure provides energy 
security for millions across the region and supports the 
agriculture, shipping, and tourism sectors.
    Despite the significance of the Lower Snake River Dams and 
the continuous work to improve fish passage rates, 
environmental groups for decades have and continue to exploit 
the litigation system in pursuit of dam removal. In addition to 
litigation, these groups engaged with the Biden administration 
to produce a harmful agreement that included mandatory spillage 
operations which reduced the efficacy of the dams and spent $1 
billion in taxpayer dollars over 10 years to engage in efforts 
to create a path to breaching these vital pieces of 
infrastructure.
    Thankfully, the Trump administration understands the 
importance of the dams, and the President signed a memorandum 
revoking this Biden-era agreement. This decision restores 
certainty for the many people and businesses that rely on these 
dams. To protect them from future harm, I have introduced H.R. 
2073, Defending Our Dams Act, which prohibits Federal funds 
from being used in breaching, studying the breaching of, or 
altering the Lower Snake River Dams, and does not allow 
spillage operations on any of the dams unless such operations 
are approved by the Secretary of the Army and the administrator 
of the Bonneville Power Administration.
    My bill will protect against potential future efforts to 
remove the dams without congressional approval or reduce their 
efficacy. I welcome members of the committee to cosponsor my 
bill to protect these dams and to secure our energy and 
economic future.
    The other issue that I would like to see addressed is the 
Harbor Maintenance Tax loophole for Canada and Mexico, which 
has allowed foreign shippers to circumvent U.S. seaports and 
divert cargo to ports in Canada and Mexico to avoid paying the 
HMT. While the HMT is not the sole factor in importers' cargo 
routing decisions, according to the Federal Maritime 
Commission, if Canada's HMT advantage alone were eliminated, up 
to half of the U.S. containers coming into Canada's west coast 
ports could revert to using U.S. ports. In addition, the U.S. 
Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund lost nearly $600 million in 
revenue over the last 10 years due to this $466 billion in 
imports that avoided the HMT by moving through either a 
Canadian or Mexican seaport before entering the United States.
    My bill, H.R. 3363, addresses this issue by closing this 
loophole. I welcome committee members here today to cosponsor 
my bill. It is time we address this loophole to strengthen U.S. 
seaports, and my legislation will ensure that this is 
accomplished.
    I want to thank you again for the opportunity to speak to 
the committee and highlight the priorities of the people of 
central Washington. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    [Mr. Newhouse's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Dan Newhouse, a Representative in Congress 
                      From the State of Washington
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and members of 
the Committee for the opportunity to discuss several priorities that 
are important to my constituents in Central Washington.
    This Congress has passed a significant number of priorities since 
the beginning of this congress and has the opportunity to capitalize 
upon that and continue addressing some of the biggest challenges facing 
our nation's. This includes issues that affect my home state of 
Washington.
    The first I would like to speak to is the Lower Snake River Dams in 
Washington. These vital dams, which are operated by the U.S. Army Corps 
of Engineers, can produce enough energy to power the city of Seattle.
    These dams help ensure the reliability of the Pacific Northwest 
Power system, particularly during periods of high demand or 
emergencies. They also play a critical role in reducing transportation 
emissions.
    Between 50 and 60 million tons of cargo are transported by barge 
along the Columbia Snake River System each year, as well as 40 percent 
of America's wheat. This infrastructure provides energysecurity for 
millions across the region and supports the agriculture, shipping, and 
tourism sectors.
    Despite the significance of the Lower Snake River dams and the 
continuous work to improve fish passage rates, environmental groups for 
decades have and continue to exploit the litigation system in their 
pursuit of dam removal.
    In addition to litigation, these groups engaged with the Biden 
administration to produce a harmful agreement that included mandatory 
spillage operations that reduced the efficacy of the dams and $1 
billion in taxpayer dollars over ten years to engage in efforts to 
create a path to breaching these vital pieces of infrastructure.
    Thankfully, the Trump Administration understands the importance of 
the dams, and the President signed a memorandum revoking this Biden era 
agreement. This decision restores certainty for the many people and 
businesses that rely on these dams.
    To protect them from future harm, I have introduced the Defending 
our Dams Act, which prohibits the use of federal funds from being used 
in breaching, studying the breaching of, or altering the Lower Snake 
River dams, and does not allow spillage operations on any of the dams 
unless such operations are approved by the Secretary of the Army and 
the Administrator of the Bonneville Power Administration.
    My bill will protect against potential future efforts to remove the 
dams without congressional approval or reduce their efficacy without 
the approval of relevant agency leaders.
    I welcome members of the committee to cosponsor my bill to protect 
these dams and help secure our energy and economic future.
    The other issue that I would like to see addressed is the Harbor 
Maintenance Tax (HMT) loophole for Canada and Mexico.
    While the HMT is not the sole factor in importers' cargo routing 
decisions, according to the Federal Maritime Commission, if Canada's 
HMT advantage alone were eliminated, up to half of the U.S. containers 
coming into Canada's West Coast ports could revert to using U.S. ports.
    In addition, the U.S. Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund (HMTF) lost 
nearly $600 million in revenue over the last ten years due to the $466 
billion in imports that avoided the HMT by moving through a Canadian or 
Mexican seaport before entering the U.S.
    I have a bill that addresses this very issue, H.R. 3363, and would 
welcome any committee members here today to cosponsor this bill. It is 
time we address this loophole, and my legislation will ensure that it 
is accomplished.
    Thank you again for the opportunity to speak to the committee and 
highlight the priorities of the people of Central Washington.

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Mr. Newhouse. I now recognize 
General Bergman for 5 minutes.
    Sir, go ahead at your convenience.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. JACK BERGMAN, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                   FROM THE STATE OF MICHIGAN

    Mr. Bergman. Thank you, Mr. Chairman and Ranking Member and 
members of the committee. Thank you for the opportunity to 
speak today.
    H.R. 2011 carries the name Sarah Debbink Langenkamp, and 
that name matters. Sarah was a young American whose life was 
taken far too soon. Her father, Admiral Dirk Debbink, is 
someone I had the honor of serving alongside when he was 
commander of the Navy Reserve and I was the commander of the 
Marine Corps Reserve. We both led men and women in uniform, and 
we both understood that leadership comes with a solemn 
obligation to protect life wherever we can. That obligation 
doesn't end when the uniform comes off.
    This bill is not about mandates or ideology. It is about 
using existing safety programs more effectively and giving 
States and local communities the flexibility to fix real, known 
dangers on their roads, especially for pedestrians and 
cyclists.
    In rural places like northern Michigan and the Upper 
Peninsula where I live and represent, roads serve everyone at 
once: drivers of vehicles large and small, walkers, cyclists, 
farm equipment, county trucks, whatever it happens to be. When 
infrastructure is disconnected or outdated, the risk is real 
and the consequences are serious. This bill allows States to 
address those risks by connecting existing infrastructure, 
relying on data and proven safety measures, and, critically, 
without creating new Federal programs. I repeat: no new Federal 
programs. From a conservative perspective, this legislation 
respects three principles: State and local control; fiscal 
responsibility; and accountability measured in outcomes, fewer 
deaths, and fewer serious injuries.
    Honoring Sarah means more than just naming a bill. It means 
taking responsible action to help prevent another family from 
experiencing the same loss. Thank you. I look forward to 
working with the committee as this legislation moves forward.
    [Mr. Bergman's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
 Prepared Statement of Hon. Jack Bergman, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Michigan
    Chairman, Ranking Member, and Members of the Committee--thank you 
for the opportunity to speak today.
    I come before you with a perspective shaped by service, 
responsibility, and respect for the lives of those we are entrusted to 
protect.
    This bill bears the name of Sarah Debbink Langenkamp, and that 
matters. Sarah was a daughter, a wife, and a young American whose life 
was taken far too soon. Behind her name is a family that understands 
sacrifice in the deepest sense. I had the honor of serving alongside 
Sarah's father, Admiral Dirck Debbink, when he was Commander of the 
Naval Reserve and I was Commander of Marine Forces Reserve. We both 
wore the uniform. We both led Americans in harm's way. And we both 
understood that leadership carries with it a solemn obligation: to do 
everything in our power to protect life.
    That obligation does not end when the uniform comes off.
    H.R. 2011 is not about ideology. It is about responsible 
governance, practical safety, and using existing federal programs more 
effectively--especially in communities where resources are limited and 
consequences are real.
    In places like Northern Michigan and the Upper Peninsula, our roads 
are not theoretical. They are how people get to work, to school, to 
church, and home to their families. They serve motorists, pedestrians, 
bicyclists, and farm equipment--often all at once. When infrastructure 
is disconnected or outdated, the risks are higher, and the margin for 
error is smaller.
    What this bill does--importantly--is allow states and local 
governments to fix real safety problems without creating new federal 
mandates. It recognizes that sometimes the most effective safety 
improvement is simply connecting what already exists. It gives states 
flexibility to address known dangers to vulnerable road users using 
data, engineering judgment, and proven countermeasures.
    From a conservative standpoint, I support three core principles 
reflected in this legislation:
    First, state and local control. Decisions remain with those closest 
to the problem--not dictated from Washington.
    Second, fiscal responsibility. The bill does not create a new 
program or expand bureaucracy. It improves how existing safety dollars 
can be used--especially where matching funds would otherwise prevent 
lifesaving projects from moving forward.
    Third, accountability measured in outcomes. Fewer deaths. Fewer 
serious injuries. Safer roads. Those are results every Member of this 
Committee should stand behind.
    Honoring Sarah means more than naming a bill. It means acting with 
seriousness, humility, and purpose to prevent another family from 
experiencing the same loss. As leaders--whether in uniform or in 
Congress--we do not always get a second chance to do the right thing. 
When we do, we should take it.
    I thank the Committee for its work, and I urge thoughtful 
consideration of this legislation with respect for local needs, state 
authority, and the value of every American life.
    Thank you, and I look forward to working with you as this bill 
moves forward.

    Mr. Barrett. Mr. Stanton has a question.
    Mr. Stanton. Just a comment. General, you did a great job, 
and Congressman Raskin was here earlier testifying on the same 
bill, and he also did an outstanding job for advocating for 
this important safety bill. Thank you for bringing it to our 
attention.
    Mr. Bergman. Well, thanks for the comment, because in 
another life as a pilot, a commercial airline pilot, safety 
first, safety second, safety third. Everything else pales by 
that. And that is one of the things we can do with this bill 
and not make the Federal Government--make them part of a 
solution by kind of okaying it and then stepping back. Thank 
you.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, sir. Mr. Cloud is now recognized 
for 5 minutes.

 TESTIMONY OF HON. MICHAEL CLOUD, A REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS 
                    FROM THE STATE OF TEXAS

    Mr. Cloud. Thank you, Chairman. I want to appreciate you 
all for being here and giving us the opportunity to testify, to 
discuss things going on in our neck of the woods. I want to 
talk today about a critical Army Corps project within my 
district along the Gulf of America, and it is important to my 
district, obviously. But even more importantly, it is important 
to our national priorities when it comes to energy dominance.
    So I am here today to discuss the additional authorization 
required for the Matagorda Ship Channel Improvement Project to 
address section 902 cost limits. The project was originally 
authorized for construction in the Water Resources Development 
Act in 2020. During the preconstruction engineering and design 
phase, the Army Corps identified a discrepancy between its PED 
calculations concerning the quantity of materials to be dredged 
from the Matagorda Ship Channel and the amounts evaluated in 
the feasibility study. So this caused an issue. The Army Corps 
error in quantities is the sole reason for the project overruns 
that have exceeded the section 902 cost limits. This project 
could be under construction today if it had not been for the 
error by the Army Corps and the need for the additional 
authorizations.
    The deepening and widening of the Matagorda Ship Channel 
would not only produce over $1 billion in economic growth, more 
than 1,000 new jobs, but it also alleviates significant safety 
concerns. The channel is rated by the U.S. Coast Guard as one 
of the most dangerous in the Nation. Currently, the Matagorda 
Ship Channel is the shallowest and narrowest deep draft channel 
in the U.S., and no improvements to the channel have been made 
since its construction in 1966. It serves as a gateway to world 
markets for the Texas Midcoast region.
    The port plays a vital role in supporting Texas chemical 
industries and building a stable economic foundation for the 
region, and Calhoun County specifically. Primary cargo loads 
handled at the port include chemicals, petrochemicals, crude 
oil, agricultural fertilizers, and a whole lot more. The key 
part of this mix also includes very high-value chemicals 
produced by area industries and sold for export markets around 
the world.
    The channel improvement project will provide additional 
capacity to support important increased domestic energy 
production. And currently the Army Corps is preparing a Post-
Authorization Change Report and an SEIS to document the change 
of the production costs. The PACR is scheduled to be completed 
by May 2026, here in a few months.
    In section 1223 of WRDA in 2024, Congress stressed the 
importance of improving the Matagorda Ship Channel and directed 
that the improvements be expedited to overcome the significant 
delays this project has faced. It is critical that additional 
authorization be included in WRDA 2026 to make sure that this 
project gets moving and is not further delayed.
    I strongly encourage this committee to consider the need to 
include this additional authorization and address the section 
902 cost limit, and I appreciate the time to present this. 
Thank you very much.
    [Mr. Cloud's prepared statement follows:]

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Michael Cloud, a Representative in Congress 
                        From the State of Texas
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, for the opportunity to testify to discuss 
a critical Army Corps project within my District along the Texas Gulf 
Coast.
    I am here today to discuss the additional authorization required 
for the Matagorda Ship Channel Improvement Project, Texas to address 
the Section 902 Cost Limit.
    The project was originally authorized for construction in the Water 
Resources Development Act of 2020.
    During the Preconstruction Engineering and Design (PED) phase, the 
Army Corps identified a discrepancy between its PED calculations 
concerning the quantity of material to be dredged from the Matagorda 
Ship Channel and the amount evaluated in the feasibility study.
    The Army Corps error in quantities is the sole reason the project 
costs have exceeded the Section 902 Cost Limit.
    The project could be under construction today if not for the error 
by the Army Corps and the need for additional authorization.
    Deepening and widening of the Matagorda Ship Channel would not only 
produce over $1 billion in economic growth for the region and more than 
1,000 new jobs, but it would also alleviate significant safety 
concerns. The channel is rated by the US Coast Guard as one of the most 
dangerous in the nation. Currently, the Matagorda Ship Channel is the 
shallowest and narrowest ``deep draft'' channel in the U.S. and no 
improvements to the channel have been made since its construction in 
1966.
    The Matagorda Ship Channel serves as a gateway to world markets for 
the Texas mid-coast region. The port plays a vital role in supporting 
Texas chemical manufacturing industries and in building a stable 
economic foundation for Calhoun County. Primary cargo loads handled at 
the port include chemicals, petrochemicals, crude oil, agricultural 
fertilizer and much more. A key part of this mix also includes very 
high-value chemicals produced by area industries and sold for export to 
markets around the world. The Channel Improvement Project will provide 
additional capacity to support important increased domestic energy 
production.
    The Army Corps is currently preparing a Post-Authorization Change 
Report (PACR) and SEIS to document the changes in project costs. The 
PACR is scheduled to be completed by May 2026.
    In Section 1223 of WRDA 2024, Congress stressed the importance of 
improving the Matagorda Ship Channel and directed that the improvements 
be expedited to overcome the significant delays the project has faced.
    It is critical that the additional authorization is included in 
WRDA 2026 to not further delay implementation of this much needed 
project. I strongly encourage the Committee to consider the need to 
include the additional authorization to address the Section 902 Cost 
Limit as part of the House version of WRDA 2026.

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. The gentleman yields back. Are 
there any further questions from any members of the committee 
who have not been recognized?
    Seeing none, that concludes our hearing for today. I would 
like to thank each of the witnesses for your testimony. The 
committee now stands adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 1:21 p.m., the committee was adjourned.]

                       Submissions for the Record

                              ----------                              

Prepared Statement of Hon. Gabe Amo, a Representative in Congress From 
                       the State of Rhode Island
    Dear Chairman Sam Graves and Ranking Member Rick Larsen,
    As you continue work to develop a robust legislative agenda for the 
remainder of 119th Congress, I respectfully request that you consider 
the following priorities:
    1.  Please support passage of the Rotorcraft Operations 
Transparency and Oversight Reform (ROTOR) Act (H.R. 6222). As we 
approach the one-year anniversary of the tragic midair collision at 
Washington National Airport involving American Airlines Flight 5342 and 
a U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter, which claimed 67 lives, including 
two of my constituents, Christine and Spencer Lane, it is essential 
that Congress act to prevent similar tragedies. In the aftermath of the 
collision, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Department 
of Defense reached an agreement requiring military aircraft operating 
in the region to broadcast their position using ADS-B Out technology. 
The National Transportation Safety Board has long advocated for ADS-B 
In and Out requirements, citing their substantial safety benefits, 
particularly in congested airspace near major airports. As we near both 
the one-year anniversary of the collision and the release of the NTSB's 
final report, I urge the Committee to support passage of the ROTOR Act 
to strengthen aviation safety and prevent future tragedies.

    2.  Please work to implement recommendations from Government 
Accountability Office study on Air Traffic Safety Oversight Service. 
The GAO undertook this study at the request of Acting Oversight Ranking 
Member Lynch, Oversight Ranking Member Garcia, and me to examine the 
potential relocation of the Air Traffic Safety Oversight Service (AOV). 
In light of ongoing air traffic modernization efforts, the growing 
complexity of aviation operations, and the recent fatal midair 
collision near Washington National Airport, our review comes at a 
critical time. It is timely and necessary to reassess whether 
relocating AOV outside of the FAA, while keeping it within the federal 
government, could improve the independence, accountability, and 
effectiveness of aviation safety oversight. When the GAO completes the 
study and issues recommendations, I urge the Committee to work with us 
to implement the recommendations.

    3.  Please reauthorize core rail programs as part of the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization. The Pawtucket-Central Falls rail 
station is among Rhode Island's busiest transit hubs and benefited from 
roughly $10 million in Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) 
funding, demonstrating the value of continued investment in transit 
capital and operations. As Congress considers the next surface 
transportation reauthorization, I urge the Committee to prioritize and 
reauthorize core rail programs, including the Consolidated Rail 
Infrastructure and Safety Improvements (CRISI) program, the Better 
Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development (BUILD) grant program, 
and the Federal-State Partnership for Intercity Passenger Rail Program 
(FSP).

    4.  Please include language to ensure predictable and reliable 
formula funding as part of the Surface Transportation Reauthorization. 
I urge the committee to ensure states receive formula funding that 
matches increases in federal highway dollars, while prioritizing bus 
and rail modernization, rural transit, and the Capital Investment 
Grants program. Stable, predictable funding is critical to keeping 
transportation projects on track. When funding is unreliable, projects 
are delayed, costs rise, and fewer improvements get done. I ask the 
Committee to prioritize formula funding for core federal highway and 
transit programs in a manner that appropriately balances national 
priorities with state and local decision-making. Additionally, I urge 
the Committee to provide formula funding to state departments of 
transportation for FY 2027 at levels no less than the inflation-
adjusted FY 2026 amounts, and to maintain the current overall formula 
program distribution of 85 percent to states and 15 percent to locals.

    5.  Please include language ensuring the timely distribution of 
obligated grant funding and any remaining federal transportation 
funding previously awarded to states as part of the Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization. Getting federal funds to states on time 
is critical to keeping projects on schedule, meeting transportation 
goals, and delivering improvements that boost the economy, mobility, 
and public safety. Reliable funding also helps state department of 
transportation's plan effectively and make the most of every federal 
dollar.

    6.  Please support the research and deployment of innovative 
construction materials as part of the Surface Transportation 
Reauthorization. I urge support for the research, development, and 
deployment of innovative U.S.-made construction materials that 
strengthen our infrastructure. Advanced materials like composites help 
extend service life, cut long-term costs, and improve the durability of 
bridges, water systems, and electrical networks. The IIJA has already 
helped promote these technologies through programs like the Bridge 
Investment Program. I strongly encourage the Committee to keep 
prioritizing forward-thinking initiatives that foster American 
innovation and ensure a more resilient, competitive, and sustainable 
infrastructure system.

    7.  Please support robust funding for Federal Highway 
Administration Research, Technology, and Education programs as part of 
the Surface Transportation Reauthorization. I urge increased investment 
in Chapter 5 of Title 23 to strengthen essential research, technology, 
and education initiatives administered by the Federal Highway 
Administration (FHWA). Programs such as the Technology and Innovation 
Deployment Program play a critical role in developing innovative 
solutions that improve the safety, efficiency, and resilience of our 
nation's transportation infrastructure. Reductions or interruptions in 
funding could delay progress in key areas, including climate-resilient 
infrastructure, advanced traffic safety technologies, intelligent 
transportation systems, and sustainable construction materials. I ask 
the Committee to sustain investment in these programs to ensure that 
the U.S. remains competitive and prepared to meet emerging challenges, 
including climate change, population growth, and evolving 
transportation needs.

    I appreciate your tireless work on these important issues and thank 
you for your consideration of these priorities.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr., a Representative 
                in Congress From the State of California
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and members of 
the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee for allowing me to 
testify in support of critical federal funding for transportation needs 
across the country. Surface Transportation Reauthorization is a key 
legislative vehicle that our communities leverage to ensure local needs 
are met.
    I last testified before this committee last year, where I discussed 
the need to invest in public transit infrastructure ahead of the 2026 
FIFA World Cup and the 2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Los 
Angeles. Ensuring that our public transit systems are efficient, safe, 
and secure remains my top transportation priority this year. I was glad 
to see transit funding for these events was included in the Fiscal Year 
2026 Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related 
Agencies Appropriations legislation. I urge my colleagues on the 
committee to continue advocating for important funding that will 
promote economic connectivity and elevate the United States on the 
international stage at these events.
    I would now like to highlight a few additional priorities for your 
consideration.
    First, I recommend that the committee prioritize federal funding 
for the Capital Investment Grants (CIG) program, which, among other 
items, provides funding for capital investments in bus rapid transit. I 
also recommend increasing the threshold of federal share for Small 
Starts projects within the CIG program to $200 million. Small Starts 
are currently defined as projects with a total cost of less than $400 
million that are seeking no more than $150 million in federal funding. 
By increasing the maximum federal share, we can help our communities 
meet that final stretch of need for local projects.
    Next, I want to draw your attention to workforce development needs 
in the transportation industry. Americans rely on transportation 
workers to safely and efficiently get to work and school every day. We 
must ensure that the transportation workforce is adequately supported 
on a long-term basis. I recommend allowing five percent of all federal 
transportation grants to be used for workforce development activities, 
if these activities are relevant to the underlying program. This is a 
straightforward way to expand federal support for workforce development 
activities in a variety of programs over time.
    Finally, I urge you to request the Department of Transportation 
provide a timely, up-to-date assessment of workforce needs across the 
transportation industry, and provide recommendations to Congress on 
legislative solutions to address these needs.
    Thank you again for your time and consideration. I hope you will 
keep these priorities in mind as you continue drafting this legislation 
that is critical to so many of our communities.

                                 
   Prepared Statement of Hon. Jasmine Crockett, a Representative in 
                    Congress From the State of Texas
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and Members of the 
Committee. Thank you for allowing me to testify before the Committee on 
transportation and infrastructure-related matters important to Texas's 
30th congressional district, and for considering such priorities as the 
Committee crafts future legislation.
    The Dallas-Fort Worth region is one of the fastest-growing 
metropolitan areas in the country and serves as a national hub for 
freight, logistics, aviation, and workforce mobility, with access to 
multiple interstate highways, major rail corridors, and globally 
connected airports. With the region preparing to host major global 
events, including matches associated with the 2026 FIFA World Cup, 
transportation infrastructure is not only a local concern--it is a 
national economic imperative.
    As a major metropolitan area, TX 30 plays a central role in the 
regional and national economy through its ownership, operation, and 
maintenance of critical transportation assets. The City of Dallas alone 
owns and maintains approximately 11,700 lane miles of streets; 4,500 
miles of sidewalk; 1,463 signalized intersections; 648 bridges; 150,000 
traffic control and wayfinding signs; 95,000 streetlights; 9,270 
crosswalks; and nearly 200 miles of bicycle lanes. This locally owned 
infrastructure forms the backbone of interstate commerce, daily 
mobility, and economic productivity. Each year, the City oversees 
nearly $300 million in federal transportation investments to deliver 
projects that are locally, regionally, and federally prioritized.
             Interstate Transportation and Freight Mobility
    TX 30 is served by multiple nationally significant interstate 
corridors that support both regional travel and long-distance freight 
movement. The district experiences substantial daily freight activity, 
driven by regional distribution centers, manufacturing operations, and 
logistics hubs that connect North Texas to national supply chains.
    Continued investment in federal programs such as the Infrastructure 
for Rebuilding America program and the Nationally Significant 
Multimodal Freight and Highway Projects program is essential to 
advancing large-scale modernization projects that improve capacity, 
safety, and long-term performance on corridors such as Interstate 35E. 
These investments ensure reliable freight movement, reduce congestion, 
improve travel time reliability, and support sustained economic growth 
in one of the nation's fastest-growing regions.
         Highway-Railroad Grade Crossing Safety and Quiet Zones
    Targeted federal funding for highway-railroad grade crossing safety 
improvements is a critical priority. The district has an extensive 
network of freight and passenger rail lines that intersect with locally 
owned streets, often near schools, residential neighborhoods, and 
community facilities.
    Investments in grade crossing safety (including signal upgrades, 
gate installations, roadway realignments, and the establishment of 
Quiet Zones) significantly improve safety and traffic operations. 
Current funding levels, however, are insufficient to address the scale 
and urgency of local needs.
    Dallas has implemented and continues to pursue Quiet Zones where 
feasible, including along corridors near the West Rail Line. At the 
same time, the City faces urgent challenges at high-risk crossings, 
including the crossing on North Prairie Creek Road near Skyline High 
School and additional crossings near schools and a community center 
along Sylvan Avenue in West Dallas.
    I urge the Committee to provide targeted, dedicated funding to 
local governments for highway-railroad grade crossing safety 
improvements, including Quiet Zones, with direct local eligibility to 
address the most dangerous crossings and improve safety outcomes.
           Public Transportation and Multimodal Connectivity
    Public transportation is central to TX 30 transportation network 
and economic readiness. The Dallas Area Rapid Transit system operates 
one of the largest light rail networks in the United States and 
provides critical connections between neighborhoods, employment 
centers, educational institutions, and regional destinations. We should 
work to expand transit options in cities that lack them.
    Public transit helps manage congestion, support workforce access, 
and accommodate increased travel demand during major events. 
Coordination among highways, transit, and rail infrastructure is 
essential to ensuring efficient movement of people and goods throughout 
the region.
                                Aviation
    Aviation infrastructure is a cornerstone of the TX 30 
transportation system and economic competitiveness. Dallas Executive 
Airport, owned and operated by the City, serves as a critical reliever 
airport supporting business aviation, emergency response operations, 
and economic development. Continued participation in the Federal 
Aviation Administration Airport Improvement Program is essential to 
maintaining safe and modern facilities.
    Dallas Love Field, also owned and operated by the City, is one of 
the nation's busiest medium-hub airports and a major driver of domestic 
passenger travel and business connectivity. Efficient roadway access, 
curbside operations, and traffic management are vital to managing peak 
travel demand.
    Regionally, Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is among the 
busiest airports in the world and a cornerstone of international 
passenger travel and air cargo operations. Its continued success 
depends on strong highway, freight, and intermodal connections across 
the Dallas region, supported by federal surface transportation 
programs.
Preserving Infrastructure and Building on the Infrastructure Investment 
                              and Jobs Act
    Cities in TX 30 are responsible for maintaining a vast network of 
locally owned streets, bridges, transit-supportive infrastructure, and 
aviation facilities. Extreme heat, severe weather, and increased usage 
accelerate infrastructure deterioration, increasing long-term 
maintenance and replacement costs.
    Continued eligibility for resilience, state-of-good-repair, and 
asset-preservation investments across federal highway, public 
transportation, and aviation programs is essential to protecting prior 
federal investments and ensuring reliable system performance.
    Local governments plan for, build, and manage more than 75 percent 
of the nation's road miles and over half of public bridges. Federal 
transportation investments are most effective when funding and 
decision-making authority reach the entities that own and operate the 
majority of the nation's infrastructure.
    As Congress considers renewal of the federal surface transportation 
law, I urge continued emphasis on local decision-making and direct 
investment in locally owned infrastructure.
      Retention and robust funding of the Safe Streets and 
Roads for All program
      Increased funding for the Transportation Alternatives 
Program, including Safe Routes to School
      Continuation of strong federal public transportation 
programs
      Continued investment in intercity passenger rail, 
including the Corridor Identification and Development Program
      Targeted funding for highway-railroad grade crossing 
safety improvements, including Quiet Zones
      Increased investment in truck parking infrastructure to 
improve freight safety and efficiency

    Please contact my office with any questions. Thank you.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Chuck Edwards, a Representative in Congress 
                    From the State of North Carolina
    I want to begin by thanking Chairman Graves for having me at this 
T&I Member Day Hearing and for making FEMA reform a priority this 
Congress. His leadership ensured that communities like mine, which have 
been hit hard by natural disasters, were heard as this legislation was 
developed.
    In Western North Carolina, Hurricane Helene was not just another 
storm--it was devastating. It washed out mountain roads, destroyed 
homes and businesses, and left entire communities cut off and uncertain 
about how they would recover.
    That is why the FEMA Reform Act is so important.
    Some of the bills I've introduced included in this package--
including the Disaster Survivors Fairness Act, the Fair Disaster 
Assistance Act, the Promoting Resilient Buildings Act, and the Building 
Resilient Infrastructure and Communities for All Act--all move us 
toward the same goal: a FEMA that works for disaster survivors, not 
against them.
    Together, these reforms make FEMA fairer, faster, and more focused 
on real recovery. They recognize that families should not be stuck 
navigating red tape while trying to put their lives back together, and 
that disaster assistance should reflect real-world costs and real-world 
needs--especially in rural and hard-hit areas like Western North 
Carolina.
    They also recognize that we cannot keep rebuilding the same 
vulnerable infrastructure and hoping for a different result. These 
reforms give communities the tools to rebuild stronger, protect 
critical facilities, and invest in resilience so the next storm does 
not undo what taxpayers just paid to fix.
    The FEMA Reform Act puts disaster survivors back at the center of 
this system. It cuts through bureaucracy, strengthens our 
infrastructure, and ensures that when disaster strikes, the federal 
government is a partner in recovery--not an obstacle.
    For the families still rebuilding after Helene, and for every 
community that knows another storm is coming, this legislation is 
urgently needed. I urge leadership to put this bill on the floor for a 
vote, and I encourage my colleagues to support it.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, I yield back.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Ron Estes, a Representative in Congress From 
                          the State of Kansas
    Mr. Chairman,
    Thank you for the opportunity to share with the Transportation and 
Infrastructure Committee my priorities as the Committee works towards 
reauthorization of our nation's surface transportation programs this 
year. While Kansas' fourth congressional district is known for being 
the Air Capital of the World, surface transportation programs play an 
equally critical role in the daily lives of my constituents.
                     Stability of Funding Over Time
    Back home in Kansas, our Kansas Department of Transportation just 
wrapped up their ``Local Consult'' process, where every two years, they 
travel around the state to engage with communities and gather their 
input on transportation priorities for the future. This helps inform 
goals, plan for future investments, and understand what projects are 
important for everyday Kansans.
    The Local Consult resulted in new ideas for modernization and 
construction projects in Kansas from communities of all sizes. 
Predictable and stable federal funding for surface transportation 
projects is a critical piece in making these ideas a reality and 
allowing Kansas to maintain their pipeline of federal investments, 
maintenance, and operations. Consistency over the long-term, especially 
over five-years, prevents disruptions to project development, 
construction delays, and cost overruns.
    Without predictable, consistent funding over time, important 
investments for the future will be at risk. Take for example, the canal 
route in Wichita, which stretches over five miles in both directions 
and is a vital commuter and freight corridor for Sedgwick County and 
region. While still structurally safe, the existing structures are 
nearing the end of their useful life and will eventually need 
replacement. This project will be a massive undertaking, requiring 
consistent investment over time. Without a reauthorization that 
prioritizes long term stability and investment, large-scale projects 
like the canal route could risk stalling out.
                             Formula Funds
    While federal funding makes up only about 25-30% of the total funds 
that Kansas uses annually on transportation projects, federal 
investment has a critical role in ensuring current projects remain on 
track, and innovative projects in the future remain in the pipeline.
    Existing federal formula funding programs, such as the Surface 
Transportation Block Grant Program and the Bridge Formula Program are 
especially important to Kansas infrastructure investments. In Kansas, 
there are almost 25,000 bridges on public roads, with the vast majority 
on local highways and roadways. Depending on their state of repair, 
these bridges impede Kansas commodities getting to market. Formula 
funding is key to facilitating bridge investments on the local 
transportation system to provide a reliable means for agriculture 
shippers to move their product.
    Prioritizing federal formula programs allows states that spend time 
and resources to understand the specific needs of the communities that 
they serve to effectively and efficiently meet transportation 
infrastructure needs.
                Non-Federal Match for Rural Communities
    Moreover, assessing options for flexibility for the federal and 
local match would enable small, rural communities to upgrade their 
aging transportation infrastructure. With smaller populations compared 
to urban areas like Wichita, rural communities in Kansas face 
challenges meeting match requirements for federal investment, hampering 
their ability to modernize aging transportation infrastructure. 
Flexibility with regard to how small, rural communities may meet match 
requirements would allow for more rural communities to access funding 
for infrastructure projects.
                           Regulatory Clarity
    Increasing flexibility, simplifying environmental regulations, and 
reducing burdens would streamline project delivery, improve performance 
quality, and extend infrastructure longevity. Transportation system 
improvements positively impact the everyday lives of Kansans, support 
economic development, and spur community growth. Ensuring projects are 
not overly burdened by federal or programmatic regulations will enable 
faster project delivery. Cumbersome environmental regulations should be 
simplified, and review timelines should be streamlined.

                                 * * *

    Mr. Chairman, thank you again for allowing me to share my thoughts 
on the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization legislation. It 
is invaluable to have an opportunity to communicate these priorities 
from our constituents. I appreciate your consideration of these items 
as the Committee continues to work under your steadfast leadership to 
pass a surface transportation reauthorization in the coming months.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Susie Lee, a Representative in Congress From 
                          the State of Nevada
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and members of the House 
Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, thank you for providing 
me with the opportunity to share my perspective on issues under the 
Committee's jurisdiction.
    Federal investment in transportation and infrastructure projects is 
critical for many communities, including southern Nevada, to enhance 
safe and effective travel and support economic development.
    Efforts to expand Interstate 15 and address congestion along the 
corridor is one example of the ongoing need for federal investment in 
infrastructure projects. The I-15 is a vital lifeline connecting 
communities, economies, and opportunities across the Southwestern 
United States. It's how families get to work and school and how goods 
move from Western ports to every corner of the country. Unfortunately, 
for those who rely on this highway, trips along the corridor have 
become increasingly long, frustrating, and dangerous.
    On average, approximately 35,000 passenger cars and 7,500 trucks 
cross the California-Nevada border every day along this corridor. 
Congestion, collisions, and frequent closures, coupled with aging 
infrastructure, create serious risks for the people that depend on this 
highway. Between Barstow and the Nevada state line, someone is killed 
or seriously injured every three days. Last year, a lithium-ion truck 
fire closed the I-15 for two days, leaving thousands of travelers 
stranded in triple-digit heat.
    This corridor is a crucial economic driver for the region, fueling 
tourism, supporting global manufacturing and logistics, and sustaining 
local economies along the highway.
    As this Committee considers legislation relating to federal 
infrastructure funding and policy, including upcoming surface 
transportation reauthorization legislation, I urge consideration of 
programs and opportunities to support projects like the expansion of 
the I-15 corridor as well as efforts to improve the permitting process 
to streamline the deployment of critical projects.
    I was proud to work with many members of this Committee to help 
pass into law the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, and now I look forward 
to working on a bipartisan basis to reauthorize critical programs that 
promote road safety, improve our nation's infrastructure, and boost 
local economies. As this Committee considers reauthorization of these 
essential programs, I look forward to working with you to build upon 
the progress of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law.
    I remain committed to working with my colleagues on this Committee 
to push forward common-sense solutions that ensure safe roads and fuel 
local economies. I encourage the Committee to provide full 
consideration to opportunities to support the I-15 corridor expansion.
    Thank you again for providing this opportunity. I look forward to 
collaborating with the Committee to make life for Nevadans better.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Ted Lieu, a Representative in Congress From 
                        the State of California
    Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen, thank you for holding 
this Member Day Hearing, and for allowing me to submit testimony in 
support of legislation that I am working on that would convey land from 
the United States Coast Guard to the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, in my 
district, to rebuild Wayfarers Chapel after its dismantling due to 
major land movement in the area.
    For over 70 years, the Wayfarers Chapel, known as ``The Glass 
Church,'' welcomed thousands of visitors from around the world each 
year. Visitors who came to admire this masterpiece of Organic Modern 
architecture designed by Lloyd Wright, the son of Frank Lloyd Wright. 
Hundreds of couples exchanged their marital vows at this iconic site 
each year. It stood atop a hillside on the Palos Verdes Peninsula 
overlooking the Pacific Ocean in the southern region of my district.
    In December 2023, Wayfarers Chapel was designated as a National 
Historic Landmark. At the same time, landslides were reactivated 
following two winters of record rainfall in Southern California. 
Unprecedented land movement in the Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex 
went on to severely damage the Chapel, forcing its closure just two 
months after receiving status as a National Historic Landmark.
    In light of the unprecedented land movement, the Wayfarers' Board 
of Directors decided to dismantle the Chapel to preserve every possible 
component for future reconstruction. With the Chapel now dismantled and 
in storage, the Board is seeking to rebuild this irreplaceable treasure 
in the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, where it has been a beloved part of 
the community for generations.
    It is not feasible to rebuild on the same site due to the 
devastating land movement. Together, the Board and City leaders have 
identified an ideal site for relocation: an approximately 4-acre Coast 
Guard property located 1 mile west on a former WWII coastal defense 
site at the Ken Dyda Civic Center. Named for U.S. Army Colonel Harry C. 
Barnes, the ``Battery Barnes'' property is home to a 5,000-square-foot 
subterranean bunker and is currently in the divestiture process.
    The Wayfarers Board has developed a vision to reconstruct the 
Chapel on the Battery Barnes property while serving as an educational 
and cultural site, community gathering space, and architectural 
destination. For this to happen, the federal land must be transferred 
to the City of Rancho Palos Verdes.
    My pending legislation would provide up to 10 years for the Federal 
government to convey all rights, title, and interest of the Battery 
Barnes property to the City of Rancho Palos Verdes for the purpose of 
reconstructing Wayfarers Chapel for use as an educational and community 
gathering space. The campus is envisioned to include not only a rebuilt 
chapel and bell tower, but public restrooms, a museum, cafe, 
interpretive visitor center, public trails and open space, public 
parking, and educational native plant gardens.
    This solution would benefit the Chapel, the City of Rancho Palos 
Verdes, and the Federal government by enabling Wayfarers to remain in 
its home community while honoring the site's military legacy and 
continuing to unite and inspire.
    I plan to introduce this bill in the coming weeks and seek your 
support in seeing it signed into law. Transferring this land is an 
essential step toward ensuring the Chapel can rise again and stand as a 
testament to the resilience of the human spirit and the community in 
the face of a natural disaster. This bill clearly falls within the 
Committee's jurisdiction of the U.S. Coast Guard. I respectfully 
request that the Committee support this land transfer and I thank you 
again for the opportunity to offer this testimony for my district.

                                 
Prepared Statement of Hon. Mary E. Miller, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Illinois
    Thank you Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen for hosting 
this Member Day.
    I come representing Central Illinois and its elevated position as 
the crossroads to the West.
    As many know, Central Illinois is a major hub for interstate 
commerce--propelled mainly by a vibrant trucking industry. Looking at a 
combined total of all commercial shipments, Illinois is the third 
busiest freight state when measured by value, and fourth when measured 
by tonnage according to DOT. Illinois' trucking industry alone is 
expected to reach over $73 billion in market value.
    Therefore, it is all the more imperative that our roads are kept 
safe, secure, and regulated.
    Congress can start this effort by restricting who can drive--making 
sure it's only those who are here legally and can speak English.
    Multiple sanctuary states, including my home state of Illinois, are 
issuing driver's licenses and CDLs to illegals. This creates an extreme 
level of risk for all those on the road. Many of these sanctuary states 
also allow illegals to obtain a license with little or no English 
proficiency, even allowing applicants to use translators.
    The extent of this broken system was made clear last year when an 
Illinois-based company, JKC Trucking, told Fox News about the rampant 
scheme of illegal truckers on American roads. The company showed how 
the abuse of the CDL licensing process not only leads to decreased 
safety, but also leads to the closure of many American trucking 
businesses because they are unable to compete against illegal companies 
and illegal drivers.
    Considering this ongoing public safety crisis, and having received 
numerous inquiries from my constituents about road safety, I have 
introduced H.R. 5330, the SAFE Driving Laws Act. The bill would 
withhold transportation funds from States that grant driver's licenses 
to illegals and fail to share information about criminal aliens with 
federal immigration authorities. Furthermore, this bill clearly 
specifies that both standard driver's licenses and commercial driver's 
licenses are to be withheld from illegal immigrants. This language 
creates clarity that the States are responsible for CDLs issuance, and 
that they take a part of responsibility when certifying CDLs. Lastly, 
the bill champions transparency by requiring that the Secretaries of 
DHS and DOT maintain a public database that shows the compliance status 
of each State. This is to ensure that sanctuary governors can't hide 
behind delayed numbers--they must cooperate and if they don't, we all 
will know.
    Mr. Chairman, as your committee continues its work to protect the 
American people on the roadways, I request that you include my bill's 
language into the Surface Transportation Reauthorization.
    I look forward to working with this committee to make America's 
roads safe and secure.
    Thank you for your time, and I yield back.

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Joe Neguse, a Representative in Congress 
                       From the State of Colorado
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and distinguished members 
of the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, thank you 
for the opportunity to submit written testimony on my legislation 
before your committee.
    Cyclist and pedestrian deaths in the U.S. remain far too high. The 
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) data for 2022 
showed cyclist deaths were the highest ever recorded, at 1,105 deaths 
\1\. We have a real solution for these terrible and unnecessary 
tragedies: the Magnus White Cyclist Safety Act (H.R. 3649), a bill that 
would require all passenger vehicles to have Automatic Emergency 
Braking (AEB) systems that can detect bicycles, motorcycles, and other 
vulnerable road users.
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    \1\ https://usa.streetsblog.org/2024/04/02/the-latest-pedestrian-
and-cyclist-fatality-stats-are-deadly-deja-vu
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    This bill is named after my constituent, Magnus White, an 
incredible cyclist for Team USA and exceptional young man, who was 
tragically killed when a driver hit him while he was on a training 
ride, just days before he was set to compete in the world 
championships. By requiring AEB systems that can detect all vulnerable 
road users to be installed in all vehicles, we can prevent senseless 
tragedies and protect everyone in our communities.
    In fact, most auto manufacturers are already rolling out this 
technology. A company that owns multiple U.S. brands such as Dodge and 
Jeep just added the largest number of AEB-equipped new vehicles to its 
offerings.\2\
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    \2\ https://www.consumerreports.org/cars/car-safety/more-
automakers-make-aeb-a-standard-feature-on-most-models-a2486269627/
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    I have also been proud to work with your committee to pursue 
modifications to our disaster response and recovery efforts. I am 
grateful for the Committee's support for the Disaster Management Costs 
Modernization Act (H.R. 744), which passed the Transportation and 
Infrastructure Committee on voice vote earlier this year and is also 
included in H.R. 4669, The FEMA Act. This bill would provide additional 
flexibility to emergency managers responding to multiple open 
disasters, and remove administrative burdens on disaster recovery.
    I also ask for your consideration of the Replacing Essential 
Passports and Licenses After Certain Emergencies (REPLACE) Act (H.R. 
1338). This bipartisan, bicameral bill would waive fees and streamline 
the process for replacing critical documents lost in a disaster, such 
as passports and immigration documents. In the face of a quickly 
approaching natural disaster and evacuation, there is not always enough 
time to grab these essential documents. The cost and administrative 
burden to replace these documents on top of other recovery needs can be 
overwhelming, and this is an important way we can make the process 
easier for families recovering from a natural disaster.
    In closing, thank you for the opportunity to submit these 
priorities to the committee. I request that you consider including 
these bills in an upcoming legislative vehicle, or moving them as 
individual bills. I look forward to working with the committee on these 
issues.

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Scott H. Peters, a Representative in 
                 Congress From the State of California
    Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen:
    Thank you for hosting ``Member Day'' for your colleagues like me 
who have important priorities in front of the Transportation and 
Infrastructure Committee. I'd like to highlight the following issues 
that affect my district and the country as a whole:
    1.  The Build More Housing Near Transit Act and issues of public 
transportation, density, and federal investment;
    2.  To authorize the International Boundary and Water Commission to 
accept funds for activities relating to wastewater treatment and flood 
control works, and for other purposes;
    3.  The Ocean Pollution Reduction Act II;
    4.  The LOSSAN Rail Corridor;
    5.  The importance of investing in bus rapid transit (BRT); and
    6.  The reconfiguration of the San Diego Courthouse.

    First, in the 119th Congress, I introduced the Build More Housing 
Near Transit Act, H.R. 4576, with Rep. Blake Moore (R-UT). This 
legislation highlights the importance of making smart federal 
investments to fund fiscally sustainable transit projects that 
decongest our roads, increase sustainability, and support regional 
planning that increases the production of housing.
    I urge the Committee to continue to improve access to transit 
infrastructure and encourage more commuters to take public 
transportation and reduce vehicle miles traveled. The federal 
government can only support a limited number of transit infrastructure 
projects each year. We need to make sure that the federal government is 
making the most of our taxpayer dollars when it comes to these 
projects. Before the federal government pays for a locality's costly 
transit project, that locality should demonstrate that they have a 
project that people are actually going to use. Cities should show us 
their development plans as part of their application for money, because 
if we don't promote housing next to our transit lines, we won't reduce 
traffic, protect the environment and get fare revenue that minimizes 
taxpayer subsidy going forward.
    My bipartisan, bicameral bill, the Build More Housing Near Transit 
Act, would achieve these goals. This bill would incentivize state and 
local governments to improve housing policies by rewarding them when 
they apply for federal transit funding. The Build More Housing Near 
Transit Act amends the discretionary Capital Investment Grants program 
to provide a bonus for transit projects if nearby jurisdictions adopt 
pro-housing policies. I respectfully ask that my bipartisan legislation 
be included in the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization 
package.
    Second, my bill, H.R. 1948, To authorize the International Boundary 
and Water Commission to accept funds for activities relating to 
wastewater treatment and flood control works, and for other purposes, 
was passed in the House. Under current law, federal agencies as well as 
state and local entities remain unable to transfer funds to the 
International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) for projects related 
to wastewater treatment works, water conservation projects, or flood 
control works. This leaves IBWC almost solely reliant upon annual 
appropriations or emergency funding to build and maintain its 
facilities. Although funding for IBWC has increased in recent years, 
more flexible funding arrangements would help the agency work with 
other partners to address relevant projects.
    IBWC's jurisdiction covers the South Bay International Wastewater 
Treatment Plant (SBIWTP) located in San Diego. Long-standing 
operational failures at SBIWTP have resulted in raw sewage 
contamination flowing from the Tijuana River into the Pacific Ocean 
that is then carried into San Diego. This results in a public health 
crisis that strains local resources, poses significant environmental 
risks, and forces service members to train in polluted sewage water.
    This bill authorizes IBWC to accept funds for activities related to 
wastewater treatment and flood control works. This language would allow 
other federal agencies or entities like the State of California, the 
City of San Diego and others to provide funding to IBWC. The House 
passed the bill in 2025 on suspension in addition to the bill being 
made in order as an amendment and passed as part of the PERMIT Act.
    Third, I introduced H.R. 1390, the Ocean Pollution Reduction Act 
II, with the support of all members of the San Diego delegation, Reps. 
Levin, Jacobs, Vargas, and Issa. This bill will provide the City of San 
Diego with regulatory certainty as it continues to make significant 
progress, as well as major investments, in enhancing its water and 
wastewater systems. The Point Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant (PLWTP) 
is in San Diego, CA. It currently treats 175 million gallons of 
wastewater per day, serving 2.2 million residents, and 12 water 
agencies in a 450-square-mile area. PLWTP's ocean outfall is 4.5 miles 
and 300 feet deep and is one of the longest and deepest outfalls in the 
world. Since 2010, the PLWTP has met alternate discharge for total 
suspended solids (TSS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) under a 
modified National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit 
approved by EPA as authorized by section 301(h) of the Clean Water Act 
and the Ocean Pollution Reduction Act of 1994 (OPRA). As part of its 
efforts to meet these alternate standards, the City is making a long-
term investment in The Pure Water Program, a multi-year, multi-billion-
dollar program that will use proven water purification technology to 
provide one-third of San Diego's water supply by 2039. Although the 
City has never failed to renew its modified permit, the renewal process 
creates unnecessary regulatory uncertainty for ratepayers and municipal 
water and sewer authorities.
    This legislation does not modify the Clean Water Act and maintains 
the protections of the Clean Water Act for wastewater treatment 
facilities across the country, while also adding additional 
requirements to discharge standards and enhanced environmental 
monitoring specifically for Point Loma. This program and legislation 
are supported by a broad coalition of environmental, labor, business, 
and community leaders because it provides regulatory certainty while 
also securing an independent, drought-resilient supply of water. With 
your help, I look forward to passing this bill through the House again 
and signed into law this Congress.
    Fourth, the LOSSAN (Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo) rail 
corridor has grown to become the second busiest passenger rail corridor 
in the United States, after Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. However, 
unlike the Northeast Corridor, the majority of which is controlled 
directly by Amtrak, the LOSSAN corridor has many stakeholders, and 
improvements require substantial cooperation at the federal, state, and 
local levels. I believe the LOSSAN corridor deserves dedicated funding, 
just like the Northeast Corridor, to deliver these upgrades. The 
upcoming surface transportation reauthorization bill must include 
significant rail funding to ensure the long-term stability and success 
of this vital Southwest corridor.
    Over the past two and a half years, a seven-mile stretch of the 
LOSSAN Rail Corridor has repeatedly experienced closures for a 
cumulative total of over 12 months. Climate-induced storm surges, sea-
level rise, and erosion have impacted railroad track movement and slope 
instability along the LOSSAN Rail Corridor right-of-way, resulting in 
service disruption to both passenger and freight rail services. These 
closures have negatively impacted passenger transportation, freight 
services, and military operations throughout the region. Regarding 
passenger travel time, bottlenecks and repeated closures have 
contributed to significant travel delays.
    The work needed to improve operations, enhance climate resilience, 
and achieve significant travel time improvements broadly fall into 
three main categories: capacity improvements, speed and directness 
improvements, and fleet modernization. Together, projects supporting 
these three areas of corridor enhancement will not only provide for 
enhanced service frequency and corridor capacity but are anticipated to 
save as much as 20 minutes of travel time between Downtown San Diego 
and Oceanside alone. With a similar commitment from other LOSSAN 
corridor stakeholders, rail travel times could approach two hours 
between San Diego and Los Angeles. I look forward to working with the 
committee to improve service for the second busiest rail corridor in 
the nation as negotiations continue for the upcoming surface 
transportation reauthorization bill.
    Fifth, bus rapid transit (BRT) is a cost-effective and high-quality 
public transit solution. When well designed, BRT corridors require 
fewer capital costs to build and maintain when compared with other 
transit corridors. BRT is highly adaptable to a city's specific needs 
and constraints with regards to varying demand levels, integration with 
other transportation systems, and existing road layouts. As cities face 
growing challenges of providing a public transit option for their 
residents to better access jobs, education, housing, and other economic 
opportunities, BRT can present a path forward with lower up-front costs 
than other transit systems.
    However, under current law, Department of Transportation funding 
for transit-oriented development (TOD) projects are limited to fixed 
guideway transit facilities and do not include corridor-based bus rapid 
transit projects. I believe Congress should act to expand the 
eligibility of TOD projects to include corridor-based bus rapid transit 
projects. I respectfully ask that the Committee consider this priority 
as it crafts the upcoming surface transportation reauthorization bill.
    Sixth, I would like to stress my strong support for allowing the 
U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California to 
reconfigure existing space in the San Diego Courthouse (Carter-Keep 
Courthouse Annex) to house judges. In 2009, this Committee authorized 
the construction of the Carter-Keep Courthouse. The authorization 
included House Committee language requiring all expansion requests to 
be approved by Congress. In 2022, the courts requested permission to 
build out additional chambers and courtrooms. I ask that the House 
authorize the San Diego project and remove the cap on future buildouts 
to provide the court the space needed to operate in a more safe and 
secure manner.
    Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to continuing to 
work with you on these and other issues.

                                 
  Prepared Statement of Hon. Brittany Pettersen, a Representative in 
                  Congress From the State of Colorado
    Dear Chair Graves and Ranking Member Larsen:
    As you begin crafting the upcoming Water Resources Development Act 
reauthorization, Surface Transportation Reauthorization bill, and 
priorities for the remainder of the 119th Congress, I respectfully 
request that you give consideration to the following priorities:
        Protect and Restore CRISI Grant Funding for Rail Safety
    The recent cancellation of the Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and 
Safety Improvements (CRISI) grant has jeopardized critical rail safety 
upgrades, including Positive Train Control (PTC) and enhanced crash 
safety mechanisms. In August 2024, a freight train derailed in Boulder 
near a local hospital, destroying a rail bridge and injuring two crew 
members. The Front Range Subdivision, where the derailment occurred, 
operated without a PTC system.
    CDOT's project funded by CRISI would design, install, and test 
Centralized Traffic Control (CTC) and PTC infrastructure in Westminster 
and Broomfield, Colorado. These upgrades would significantly improve 
safety by modernizing signal systems and reducing the risk of 
derailments, particularly those involving hazardous materials. 
Restoring CRISI funding would not only enhance rail safety but also lay 
critical groundwork for Front Range Passenger Rail service, which would 
provide accessible passenger transit throughout the Colorado Front 
Range.
                Increase Federal Transportation Funding
    Despite the funding increases enacted under the Infrastructure 
Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA), federal transportation investments 
remain well below what is needed to meet the nation's growing 
infrastructure demands. State and local governments need sustained 
federal support to advance critical projects that improve safety, 
mobility, and economic competitiveness.
    The Joint Passenger Rail service is currently in the planning stage 
and will deliver a starter passenger rail service connecting Denver 
Union Station to Fort Collins. This initiative is supported by funding 
from the Department of Transportation's Federal Railroad Administration 
(FRA) grant programs. Continued and expanded federal investment is 
essential to support planning, environmental review, project 
development, and implementation. Advancing joint service will improve 
regional connectivity, reduce highway congestion, and expand mobility 
options along the Front Range corridor, laying the groundwork for a 
future Front Range Passenger Rail.
               Strengthening the Highway Trust Fund (HTF)
    The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) depends heavily on 
federal resources from the Highway Trust Fund. In Colorado, these 
investments support projects across the state, including for 
communities in Colorado's High Country and major corridors such as the 
Brighton-Boulder corridor, where funding is improving safety and 
expanding bike and pedestrian infrastructure.
                    Water Resources Development Act
    As you begin your work preparing the Water Resources Development 
Act (WRDA) 2026 reauthorization, investing in Western water 
infrastructure and project authorizations must be a central priority 
for the committee. The Western United States is experiencing 
unprecedented levels of drought, with well below-average snowpack and 
increasing temperatures exacerbating the problem. Colorado's national 
forests and BLM lands form the headwaters of more major rivers than in 
any other state and provide drinking water for millions of people and 
irrigation for farms across the West.
    I respectfully urge the committee to add Colorado to the list of 
eligible states for Section 595, Environmental Infrastructure 
Assistance for Western Rural Water Projects. Expanding WRDA Section 595 
to include Colorado would provide a critical tool for drought 
mitigation, watershed restoration, increasing water supply and storage, 
and encouraging water reuse. By authorizing target cost-sharing for 
these projects, this committee could directly address drought impacts 
in Colorado, helping communities stretch their limited water supply, 
protect agricultural communities, and provide a stronger system for 
downstream water users, strengthening long-term water security across 
the West.
    Thank you for your consideration. If you have any questions please 
contact Nikky Garaga on my staff.

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Terri A. Sewell, a Representative in 
                   Congress From the State of Alabama
    Thank you, Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and members of 
the Transportation and Infrastructure Committee for the opportunity to 
submit testimony before you today.
    First, I would like to thank this committee for their continued 
support of the Army Corps of Engineers' Selma River Erosion project. 
After years of advocacy, we successfully authorized construction in the 
FY24 WRDA.
    Sadly, additional structural assessments and inflationary 
construction costs has triggered the statutory ``902 limit''. 
Therefore, I am testifying before you once again to fully authorize 
construction for this project in FY26.
    Flooding caused by numerous storms and hurricanes in recent years 
has created severe river erosion along the downtown area of Selma, 
Alabama. Numerous buildings along the riverbank have become 
structurally compromised due to this erosion, and some buildings have 
already collapsed into the Alabama River. Additionally, Army Corps of 
Engineers officials from the Mobile District warn that the historic 
Edmund Pettus Bridge could be threatened if the river erosion is not 
addressed immediately.
    As authorized in the WRDA 2022 bill, the Selma Flood Risk 
Management and Bank Stabilization project will reduce the risk of 
failure of ten historic structures along the riverbank, protect this 
Edmund Pettus Bridge, and provide a response plan for imminent flooding 
events.
    As the site of the historic Bloody Sunday and Selma to Montgomery 
March of 1965, the preservation of the Edmund Pettus Bridge and the 
Selma Riverfront is vital not only to the City of Selma, but to the 
history of our nation. Each year, a bipartisan group of Members of 
Congress travels to Selma to walk across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in 
the footsteps of our former colleague John Lewis, honoring the courage 
of the people of Selma and reflecting on their pivotal role in 
advancing American democracy. This history must be preserved.
    Moreover, yesterday marked the three-year anniversary of the severe 
storms and tornadoes that caused devastation across my district, 
including in the City of Selma. This disaster placed an unprecedented 
financial burden on the City to begin recovery and rebuilding efforts.
    Simply put, the City of Selma desperately needs the Army Corps of 
Engineers project to begin as soon as possible. Further delays will 
only allow the erosion along the Alabama River to continue, more 
historic buildings will collapse into the river, and the historic 
Edmund Pettus Bridge's structural integrity will remain under threat.
    I thank the committee for your consideration of my request, and I 
look forward to working with all of you to reauthorize construction for 
this project in the 2026 Water Resources Development Act.

                                 
    Prepared Statement of Hon. Norma J. Torres, a Representative in 
                 Congress From the State of California
    Chairman Graves, Ranking Member Larsen, and distinguished Members 
of the Committee. Thank you for the opportunity to share the needs of 
the Inland Empire with the Committee as you work on Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization, the 2026 Water Resources Development 
Act (WRDA), and other priorities.
    I have the honor of representing California's 35th Congressional 
District, which includes the counties of San Bernardino, Riverside, and 
Los Angeles. The Inland Empire is one of the fastest-growing regions in 
the nation and is a vital logistics hub, with close to 40 percent of 
the Nation's imported goods passing through our region; the Alameda 
Corridor, a major freight artery; and Ontario International Airport, 
which is not only one of the nation's most passenger-friendly airports, 
but also a major air cargo airport.
                 Key Priorities for the Inland Empire:
    Regional Infrastructure Accelerators: Our region is experiencing 
rapid growth and facing significant infrastructure challenges, which is 
why I strongly support authorization of significant funding for the 
Regional Infrastructure Accelerators in the Surface Transportation 
Reauthorization. This program enjoys bipartisan support and delivers 
results nationwide. I created the Regional Infrastructure Accelerator 
Program through the 2015 FAST Act to provide technical assistance and 
support on early-stage planning to help local and regional leaders turn 
infrastructure ideas from concepts into shovel-ready projects that 
improve freight mobility, expand transit, and enhance safety. By 
providing vital support early in the process, it ensures projects move 
faster, create jobs, and improve communities. The tens of millions 
since appropriated has benefited many Republican-led districts, showing 
the program is a true champion of bipartisan growth across America.

    Supporting Thriving Communities and Transit-Oriented Development: 
The Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metro area continues to grow, 
recently becoming the 11th most populous metropolitan statistical area 
in America. Fast-growing communities need technical assistance and 
capacity-building to ensure working families thrive. The DOT's Thriving 
Communities Initiative recognizes the power of local communities to 
drive innovation if they have the tools to succeed. That is why I 
respectfully request strong consideration of my bill for the upcoming 
reauthorization, the Thriving Communities Act (H.R. 2088), to provide 
grants for technical assistance and capacity-building support to help 
fast-growing communities implement transformative infrastructure 
projects. In addition, the bill supports Transit-Oriented Development 
(TOD) and encourages better coordination between DOT and the Department 
of Housing and Urban Development.
    Similarly, I encourage the Committee to explore reforms to make the 
Transportation Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (TIFIA) 
program more useful for Transit-Oriented Development. TIFIA provides 
credit assistance for transportation projects and makes it possible to 
obtain financing for needed projects when that financing might not 
otherwise be available.
    As we face a housing crisis in the Inland Empire and nationwide, 
TOD can be a game-changer. Building housing, jobs, and services near 
transit can revitalize communities, support small businesses, and 
attract long-term investment. My constituents also commute more than 
half an hour for work. TOD can help cut down on commuting times, reduce 
traffic, and improve air quality.

    Improving Pedestrian Safety: Across the country, and in the Inland 
Empire, we have observed an alarming rise in pedestrian accidents and 
fatalities. The Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario metro area ranks as 
one of the deadliest in the nation for pedestrians, with 797 pedestrian 
fatalities between 2018 and 2022. In 2023, I partnered with 
Congresswoman Bonamici, who was hit by a car while crossing the street, 
to introduce the Pedestrian Hazard, Awareness, and Safety Expansion 
(PHASE) Act (H.R. 4904) to make our streets safer for everyone. The 
bill directs the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 
to work with DOT to identify and implement innovative traffic safety 
solutions. The bill also authorizes a new DOT grant program to help 
cities, municipalities, and tribal governments fund critical pedestrian 
safety infrastructure, like smarter crosswalks, expanded buffer zones, 
better lighting, and upgraded traffic signals. The solutions this bill 
would implement are not just infrastructure improvements; they are 
life-saving interventions. I hope that my bill will be considered for 
inclusion in the upcoming Surface Transportation Reauthorization 
legislation.

    Wildfire Prevention and Infrastructure Needs: As Southern 
California continues to recover and rebuild from the devastating 2025 
wildfires, we must provide investments to strengthen our region's 
emergency communication systems, upgrade evacuation routes, and improve 
infrastructure to mitigate the damage from wildfires to protect both 
our communities and our critical infrastructure. As communities across 
the nation face increasing wildfire risks, we must prioritize funding 
for wildfire prevention infrastructure, including firebreaks, forest 
management, and fire response improvements.

    Dig Once Policy: When we dig up a road to repair or improve it, we 
should take advantage and install pending broadband conduit, water 
lines, and energy infrastructure upgrades at the same time. Not only 
does digging once save taxpayer dollars, but the practice also 
minimizes disruption to our communities. I urge this Committee to 
uplift Dig Once, which ensures coordination between transportation and 
utility projects.

    BUILD Grant: The infrastructure grant programs in Surface 
Transportation Reauthorization are crucial to improving our community. 
BUILD grants, formerly known as RAISE and TIGER, provide competitive 
funding for projects with significant local or regional impact. 
Continued support of the BUILD grant program is essential to help 
communities of all sizes address aging and insufficient infrastructure, 
improve transportation safety, and support local economic growth. The 
success of this grant underscores the need for continued federal 
support to fund projects like this, which have a direct, positive 
impact on the lives of residents while contributing to the overall 
prosperity and connectivity of the Inland Empire.

    Freight Infrastructure: The Inland Empire is one of the most in-
demand industrial and labor markets in America, with 11.9 million 
people living within 50 miles of the region's core and just over a 
quarter of the population aged 18-34. The region supports a warehouse 
and distribution labor force of nearly 150,000 and is forecasted to 
grow by over 15% over the next decade. Strong investments in our major 
freight rail expressways, including the Alameda Corridor, which runs 
through my district, are essential to maintaining efficient goods 
movement and reducing bottlenecks for our economies and supply chains.

    Strengthening Public Transportation: The Capital Investment Grants 
(CIG) Small Starts program is a critical tool for project sponsors in 
the Inland Empire and around the country to deliver needed public 
transportation projects. Small Starts projects allow for the design and 
construction of corridor-based bus rapid transit projects. However, the 
federal share threshold for projects receiving funding under this 
program has only grown marginally over the period of the program's 
existence. I urge the committee to consider increasing the CIG Small 
Starts federal share threshold to maximize the utility of this funding 
for the Small Starts projects, in Section 5309(a)(6)(A) of title 49, 
United States Code, by increasing the federal share threshold from $150 
million to $200 million.
    The Expedited Project Delivery (EPD) pilot program allows the 
Federal Transit Administration (FTA) to expedite the delivery of CIG 
projects. To allow projects in the Inland Empire and across the nation 
to utilize this program and expedite projects, I urge this Committee to 
consider increasing the available EPD pilot program funding share from 
25% to 35% for projects in the program.

    LA 2028 and Major Sporting Events: With the upcoming Los Angeles 
2028 Olympic and Paralympic Games and the 2026 FIFA World Cup, I urge 
the Committee to work with our state and local partners to ensure that 
the proper federal investments are made and that the Committee listens 
to the needs and concerns of the region's transportation agencies and 
municipalities.

    My District is a national logistics engine with local 
infrastructure challenges that benefit from strong federal partnership 
and innovative solutions. I respectfully request that the Committee 
take into account these local priorities I have outlined for the 
upcoming Surface Transportation Reauthorization and your work this 
year. I would next like to take this opportunity to share some concerns 
regarding this Administration.
             Concerns with Actions from this Administration
    The bipartisan approach of this Committee is one I deeply respect, 
along with the critical understanding that our transportation and 
infrastructure programs are crucial to all Americans, regardless of 
political affiliation. With that in mind, I respectfully urge this 
Committee to ensure proper oversight and push back against the 
Administration's continued partisan attacks on California and other 
states, such as the unlawful withholding of $160 million in highway and 
surface transportation funding, and refusal to work on a supplemental 
disaster aid funding package nearly one year after the catastrophic 
wildfires in Southern California.
    I also remain concerned by the actions led by the Department of 
Government Efficiency (DOGE) and continued by the Administration that 
limit the Department of Transportation (DOT) and other agencies' 
abilities to carry out their Congressionally mandated duties and 
programs. I am deeply disturbed at efforts to close the Pipeline and 
Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) Hazardous Materials 
Safety Western Region Office in my district, which is vital to ensuring 
the safe transport of hazardous materials across 13 states and 
territories--including California. Closing it would put public safety 
at risk, especially in the wake of disasters like those in East 
Palestine, Ohio, in 2023. I urge the Committee to oppose any and all 
efforts to close the regional offices for Agencies serving our states.
    Looking back at 2025, nearly 3,300 federal employees were forced to 
leave DOT, including 1,500 from the Federal Aviation Administration and 
844 from the Federal Highway Administration. Many of these workers 
brought decades of experience and expertise, and these reductions 
threaten the safety and reliability of our transportation networks, 
delay critical infrastructure projects, and undermine effective 
oversight and use of taxpayer dollars. At a time when our nation's 
infrastructure needs are crumbling, not only do we need a strong 
surface transportation bill, but we also need federal employees who can 
help implement the law.
    In addition, as we start work on the bipartisan WRDA 2026 
reauthorization bill, it is important that Members of Congress get 
timely and substantive responsiveness from the U.S. Army Corps of 
Engineers on projects in our districts. This information is critical as 
we work to advance the priorities of our constituents. That is why I am 
concerned with this Administration's policy that stops the U.S. Army 
Corps of Engineers from communicating directly with Congress unless it 
has been cleared by political appointees in the Department of Defense's 
Legislative Affairs office. This policy makes it hard to get even the 
most basic information and updates about important projects in our 
districts.
 Priorities of the New Democrats Coalition for Surface Transportation 
                            Reauthorization
    As Chair of the Housing, Infrastructure, and Transportation Working 
Group for the New Democrats Coalition, I wanted to highlight the 
priorities of the Coalition by submitting to the record a letter sent 
from the Coalition to Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen on June 
5, 2025, outlining the 15 recommendations from the Coalition for the 
upcoming Surface Transportation Reauthorization Package that prioritize 
sustainable funding and financing; safe, resilient, and innovative 
infrastructure programs; and smart planning, zoning, and development. I 
have included the letter in the annex below. We ask for your strong 
consideration of the recommendations highlighted in the letter.
    Thank you for your time and for listening to my priorities and 
concerns. I look forward to working with you to advance policies that 
strengthen our local economies and bring much-needed investments to our 
communities.

                                 
  Letter of June 5, 2025, to Hon. Sam Graves, Chairman, and Hon. Rick 
Larsen, Ranking Member, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 
   from Hon. Shomari Figures and Hon. Nikki Budzinski, New Democrat 
      Coalition, Submitted for the Record by Hon. Norma J. Torres
                                                      June 5, 2025.
The Honorable Sam Graves,
U.S. House of Representatives,
1135 Longworth House Office Building, Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure, Washington, DC 20515.
The Honorable Rick Larsen,
U.S. House of Representatives,
2163 Rayburn House Office Building, Committee on Transportation and 
        Infrastructure, Washington, DC 20515.
    Dear Chairman Graves and Ranking Member Larsen,
    For decades, the Committee on Transportation & Infrastructure has 
developed a Surface Transportation Reauthorization Bill to fund 
infrastructure and ensure the safety of the United States' 
transportation systems. Since our founding in 1997, the New Democrat 
Coalition has consistently prioritized sustainable funding and 
financing; safe, resilient, and innovative infrastructure programs; and 
smart planning, zoning, and development. As you work in a bipartisan 
fashion to craft the Surface Transportation Reauthorization package, we 
are eager to find a pragmatic path forward that meets the needs of the 
American people.
    As outlined below, New Dems are committed to updating our 
transportation infrastructure, creating quality jobs, investing in our 
nation's preparedness and resilience, and developing more affordable 
housing. We ask for your strong consideration of the following 
priorities as you develop the bill:
                Smart Planning, Zoning, and Development
      Simplify project planning and success by directing the 
Department of Transportation and the Department of Housing and Urban 
Development to develop frameworks for best practices on zoning and 
land-use policies, including common land use guidance.
      Get projects built and operating quicker through reforms 
to federal permitting processes that delay project groundbreaking, 
construction, and operation. These reforms should shorten timelines on 
all types of federal authorizations for projects.
      Encourage transit-oriented development in line with H.R. 
__, the Build More Housing Near Transit Act (reintroduction 
forthcoming), by directing the Secretary of Transportation to boost a 
transit project's rating if the project includes pro-housing policies 
for areas along the project route. This should include a directive for 
the Department of Housing and Urban Development to develop a 
methodology to evaluate the merits of the pro-housing policies 
documented in a Capital Investment Grants application.
      Enhance infrastructure resiliency and protect taxpayer 
investments by requiring state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) and 
Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) to identify in long range 
transportation plans all assets vulnerable to common natural disasters 
in the region and identify which assets need to operate during a 
disaster or immediately after, along with the improvements required for 
that to occur.
      Support infrastructure maintenance by requiring state 
DOTs and MPOs to detail in their Statewide Transportation Improvement 
Program/Transportation Improvement Program projected progress toward 
repair targets and how funds support that progress. These Improvement 
Programs should be posted on Federal Highway Administration and Transit 
Administration websites in a machine-readable format and be fully 
searchable to enhance transparency and accountability.
                   Sustainable Funding and Financing
      Support the safety of America's bridges by fully funding 
the Bridge Investment Program, one of the most sought-after programs 
providing federal funding. The Committee should also make improvements 
to the program by requiring the Department of Transportation to issue 
guidance for reviewers on how to conduct and document the quality 
control process to ensure all applications are consistently evaluated.
      Improve community safety and access to essential services 
through continued funding for the Reconnecting Communities Grant 
Program, ensuring planning and capital grants for communities to 
redesign the built environment to meet modern needs.
      Bolster Americans' transportation choices by continuing 
to provide robust funding for the Capital Investment Grant program and 
passenger rail grant programs, supporting different modes of 
transportation such as buses and trains.
      Focus on current infrastructure needs rather than 
creating new ones by requiring grantees to demonstrate that they can 
operate and maintain an asset throughout its useful life. New capacity 
projects should have a federal match of 50% to incentivize the 
maintenance of existing infrastructure rather than the development of 
new roads or bridges.
        Safe, Resilient, and Innovative Infrastructure Programs
      Improve work zone and traffic safety by requiring the 
Department of Transportation to collect and analyze data on roadside 
vehicle crashes and work zone crashes to develop strategic plans to 
stop these incidents in line with bipartisan legislation like H.R. 
2992, the Preventing Roadside and Work Zone Deaths Act.
      Reduce vehicle accidents with animals and improve habitat 
connectivity by reauthorizing the Wildlife Crossings Pilot Program 
(WCPP) established in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law.
      Ensure efficient use of taxpayer dollars and minimize 
project disruption by directing the creation of a ``Dig Once'' Policy 
across all infrastructure projects involving excavation or roadwork. By 
coordinating the installation of multiple utilities during a single 
construction project, such as broadband cables, electrical lines, and 
water systems, the policy eliminates the need for repeated excavations, 
which are not only costly but also cause significant disruption to 
communities.
      Protect vulnerable persons in our communities by 
supporting installation of safety barriers at high-risk areas for 
suicide, such as bridges, rail stations and crossings, and parking 
garages, in line with bipartisan legislation like H.R. 3505, the 
Barriers to Suicide Act.
      Enhance rail safety through the inclusion of language 
that ensures strong federal oversight and expands resources for 
communities and railway stakeholders.
      Boost project transparency and accountability by 
requiring federally funded infrastructure projects to have publicly 
accessible and easily viewable signs at project sites with the name of 
the project and a color-coded system showing if the project is on-time 
and on-budget, to be updated on a consistent basis. These signs should 
not be promotional or distracting and should not carry the name of 
contractors, public officials, labor organizations, or related logos 
and symbols in line with current standards in the Manual on Uniform 
Traffic Control Devices.
            Sincerely,
Rep. Shomari C. Figures,
  Transportation Task Force Chair,
New Democrat Coalition.
Rep. Nikki Budzinski,
  Vice Chair for Policy,
New Democrat Coalition.

                                       [all]