[House Hearing, 119 Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]




                READY, SET, GO-LIVE: ASSESSING VA'S EHR
                   MODERNIZATION DEPLOYMENT READINESS

=======================================================================



                                HEARING

                               before the

                SUBCOMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION

                                 of the

                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                    ONE HUNDRED NINETEENTH CONGRESS

                             FIRST SESSION

                               __________

                       MONDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2025

                               __________

                           Serial No. 119-40

                               __________

       Printed for the use of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs
       
       
       
       
               [GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]

       


                    Available via http://govinfo.gov                    
                              ______
                             
                 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

62-607                    WASHINGTON : 2026








		    

                     COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AFFAIRS

                     MIKE BOST, Illinois, Chairman

AUMUA AMATA COLEMAN RADEWAGEN,       MARK TAKANO, California, Ranking 
    American Samoa, Vice-Chairwoman      Member
JACK BERGMAN, Michigan               JULIA BROWNLEY, California
NANCY MACE, South Carolina           CHRIS PAPPAS, New Hampshire
MARIANNETTE MILLER-MEEKS, Iowa       SHEILA CHERFILUS-MCCORMICK, 
GREGORY F. MURPHY, North Carolina        Florida
DERRICK VAN ORDEN, Wisconsin         MORGAN MCGARVEY, Kentucky
MORGAN LUTTRELL, Texas               DELIA RAMIREZ, Illinois
JUAN CISCOMANI, Arizona              NIKKI BUDZINSKI, Illinois
KEITH SELF, Texas                    TIMOTHY M. KENNEDY, New York
JEN KIGGANS, Virginia                MAXINE DEXTER, Oregon
ABE HAMADEH, Arizona                 HERB CONAWAY, New Jersey
KIMBERLYN KING-HINDS, Northern       KELLY MORRISON, Minnesota
    Mariana Islands
TOM BARRETT, Michigan

                       Jon Clark, Staff Director
                  Matt Reel, Democratic Staff Director

                SUBCOMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION

                    TOM BARRETT, Michigan, Chairman

NANCY MACE, South Carolina           NIKKI BUDZINSKI, Illinois, Ranking 
MORGAN LUTTRELL, Texas                   Member
                                     SHEILA CHERFILUS-MCCORMICK, 
                                         Florida
                                         
                                         
                                         
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further refined.












                         C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S

                              ----------                              

                       MONDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2025

                                                                   Page

                           OPENING STATEMENTS

The Honorable Tom Barrett, Chairman..............................     1
The Honorable Nikki Budzinski, Ranking Member....................     3

                               WITNESSES
                                Panel I

Dr. Neil Evans, M.D., Acting Program Executive Director, 
  Electronic Health Record Modernization Integration Office, U.S. 
  Department of Veterans Affairs.................................     5

The Honorable Seema Verma, Executive Vice President, Oracle 
  Health and Oracle Life Sciences, Oracle Corporation............     7

Ms. Carol Harris, Director, Information Technology and 
  Cybersecurity, U.S. Government Accountability Office...........     8

                                APPENDIX
                    Prepared Statements Of Witnesses

Dr. Neil Evans, M.D. Prepared Statement..........................    31
The Honorable Seema Verma Prepared Statement.....................    33
Ms. Carol Harris, Director Prepared Statement....................    45

                       Statements For The Record

The American Legion Prepared Statement...........................    63











 
                READY, SET, GO-LIVE: ASSESSING VA'S EHR
                   MODERNIZATION DEPLOYMENT READINESS

                              ----------                              


                       MONDAY, DECEMBER 15, 2025

  Subcommittee on Technology Modernization,
                    Committee on Veterans' Affairs,
                             U.S. House of Representatives,
                                                    Washington, DC.
    The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 3:01 p.m., in 
room 360, Cannon House Office Building, Hon. Tom Barrett 
(chairman of the subcommittee) presiding.
    Present: Representatives Barrett, Luttrell, and Budzinski.

           OPENING STATEMENT OF TOM BARRETT, CHAIRMAN

    Mr. Barrett. All right. Good afternoon. The Subcommittee on 
Technology Modernization will now come to order. I want to 
thank our witnesses for joining us.
    We continue our oversight of the U.S. Department of 
Veterans Affairs (VA) Electronic Health Record Modernization 
(EHRM) Program. I was actually joking with some friends back 
home recently. They were asking me what it is like my first 
year in Congress, and I was telling them a little bit about the 
work we are doing on this subcommittee. I said, before I came 
here, I did not even--I could not have even told you what 
health record system the VA had and now I spend far too much of 
my waking hours thinking about it. But appreciate the work that 
we have done on this committee and for the witnesses that are 
here today.
    Right now, of course, we are at a pivotal moment. I think 
we are down to 117 days until the new system will be launched 
at 4 of the medical facilities in my home State that serve the 
veterans, of course, from my district, but across Michigan and 
parts of other states as well. This timeline is locked in and 
the countdown is on. The question remains, when the switch is 
flipped in April, will the system deliver and will it do what 
we need it to do? Are we going to run into snags like we have 
in the past?
    For millions of veterans relying on VA hospitals and staff 
supporting them, this is not something that is theoretical. It 
is real, it is happening, and we have to do it right. As I said 
before, the veterans that we serve and that the Department is 
going to serve have the right to be a little bit unaware of the 
nuance of which health record system the VA is using. They want 
it to work right, be able to schedule their appointments, go 
see their specialists, and move on with their day in a timely 
way.
    Veterans expect more than just promises. They expect safe 
and timely care. We all expect systems that support our 
doctors, not work against them. Technology should be a tool 
that opens doors, not a barrier that adds more steps, more 
clicks, and more frustration. We heard about some of that 
earlier in this committee term when we saw that providers were 
getting frustrated with some of the interfacing with the system 
they have.
    When we first met on this topic in February, VA was just 
emerging from a very long pause. While progress has been made 
since then, we know that significant work remains before we go 
live. VA has standardized over 1,000 workflows into a national 
baseline, with Michigan being the first to use it. VA has 
tightened their timeline, and for the first time since the 
pause, we saw large system updates roll out this August without 
disrupting care. These are meaningful, good signs, but we 
cannot ignore other red flags that are warnings.
    Behind the scenes, many tools slated for Michigan have 
never been tested on a large scale. Thirty-four new complex 
clinical workflows will debut there for the first time. VA 
plans to test across four sites simultaneously, a strategy that 
leaves really no margin for error and something that I have 
concerns about the risk associated with that.
    We need assurance that this plan is feasible in the real 
world, not just on paper or in a computer laboratory. We need 
to know that the lessons of the past have been learned and not 
just observed and acknowledged. The user experience also 
remains a concern. While satisfaction is slightly up, more 
attention is needed.
    The committee has heard from physicians that the critical 
function system remains unstable. We hear from VA pharmacists, 
I know that is a very unique role that the VA has, that tools 
for monitoring drug interactions are still a major pain point. 
VA staff are now burdened with more manual processes to ensure 
patient safety with drug interactions. We need to know where 
these issues stand today so Michigan clinicians and veterans 
are not left holding the bag on day one.
    Finally, we must address the sheer scale of the cost. This 
program began in 2018 with a $10 billion price tag. It quickly 
ballooned far beyond its original expectations, and the latest 
estimate stands at $37 billion. We cannot keep writing blank 
checks that risk taxpayer money and slows down or, worse, 
endangers delivery of veteran care.
    I am encouraged by the momentum we have seen. I am 
encouraged by the commitment of my friend Secretary Collins and 
the Trump administration team, but encouragement only goes so 
far as reality sets in. We need proof and we need transparency. 
The clock is ticking down for Michigan for this to go live and 
the time for promises is over. The only acceptable result is a 
flawless Go-Live because our veterans cannot accept failure.
    Thank you, again, for being here today. I do want to say it 
is never my intention to take gratuitous shots at anybody 
appearing before this committee, but we do have a role to play 
in oversight of what is taking place, and we intend to 
vigorously and robustly carry that forward.
    With that, I will yield to Ranking Member Budzinski for her 
opening statement.

      OPENING STATEMENT OF NIKKI BUDZINSKI, RANKING MEMBER

    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I agree with 
you. Thank you to our witnesses for being here today. It seems 
we are bookending this year with EHRM hearings, and I look 
forward to hearing how the program has improved and how the 
Department has prepared to resume Go-Live activities.
    To start, I do want to address an article that I read over 
the weekend about Secretary Collins' plans to eliminate 35,000 
positions from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). I am 
disappointed that we had to learn about this through the media 
and not from the Secretary himself. Something this significant, 
I believe, warrants proactive communication with Members of 
Congress.
    The Department is quick to say that most of these positions 
are vacant, but the word is ``most'' and they do not use 
``all.'' The VA workforce is already stretched too thin. 
Eliminating positions does nothing to help veterans who in many 
places, like my district, are waiting months for appointments. 
In fact, these actions threaten to undermine VA's ability to 
deliver timely care.
    Only at the VA can veterans expect to receive care from 
providers who have a deep understanding of their unique 
experiences. That is irreplaceable. If Secretary Collins is 
serious about keeping veterans at the center of everything, VA 
healthcare must continue to lead the way. VA must be fully 
staffed and resourced. The continued efforts of this 
administration to bleed VA dry will make it harder for us to 
honor the service of our Nation's veterans.
    Their efforts to outsource veterans' care will also have 
dire impacts on the success of the EHRM program. Today we are 
117 days from VA's EHRM Go-Live at 4 VA medical centers in 
Michigan. After the program was reset for 3 years, the 
Department made the decision not only to restart, but to 
accelerate the Go-Lives in an effort to finish almost on 
schedule. I am sure the chairman is anxious about this. I know 
I am. There are VA facilities around my district that are 
scheduled to go live right after the Michigan sites.
    The veterans of Michigan's 7th District and Illinois' 13th 
District are next to be impacted by EHRM. We need assurances 
that Oracle and VA have fixed the issues that are still 
plaguing the first six sites.
    At the time of our last hearing on EHRM in February, the 
Department had dozens of outstanding recommendations from VA's 
Office of the Inspector General and the U.S. Government 
Accountability Office (GAO). According to GAO's testimony, it 
has not changed. Our goal is to ensure that we are setting VA 
up for success. However, what I have heard in the past year has 
not convinced me that VA is ready for launch at 13 facilities 
in 2026. I have raised many questions with VA and Oracle, but 
the answers do not give me confidence. In fact, I worry that we 
are spending billions of dollars while simultaneously setting 
this program, particularly the six sites that are already live, 
up for failure.
    I need both VA and Oracle to tell me what they have done to 
address concerns raised by VA employees and veterans at the 
first six sites, such as prescription errors and incorrect 
alerts. For veteran patients, the consequences of these errors 
range from discomfort to death. We must know the catastrophic 
errors in the system are not putting veterans' lives at risk.
    I also want to hear what state the system is going to be in 
when EHRM goes live at the next four sites. Earlier this year, 
we learned that VA was looking for an EHRM systems integrator. 
I was hopeful that this might be a positive change in the 
program rollout. There are a lot of questions about this 
contract, which was awarded to Accenture in November, and how 
it is going to work. In fact, Ranking Members Takano and 
Blumenthal sent a letter to Secretary Collins shortly after the 
award was announced and have yet to receive a response.
    What will Accenture actually do to make EHRM more 
successful? Is it a true systems integrator or is it a 
continuation of the role currently held by Booz Allen Hamilton? 
How will Accenture be effective given its lack of authority 
over the Oracle Prime contract?
    Unfortunately, the more I hear about this contract, the 
more it seems to be a replacement for VA's program management 
contract, not an actual systems integrator. In September, 
Deputy Secretary Lawrence informed me that VA estimates the 
life cycle cost of this program to be $37.2 billion, but it 
seems like this estimate has changed quite a few times. VA 
originally told Congress, as Chairman Barrett mentioned, they 
needed $10 billion for the entire program.
    Shortly after that, they came back and asked for an 
additional $6 billion for VA's program costs. In 2022, VA 
contracted with the Institute for Defense Analysis to conduct a 
true life-cycle cost estimate, which shifted the estimate for 
the project to almost $50 billion. Now the Deputy Secretary is 
backtracking and saying that it is only going to cost $37.2 
billion.
    I am concerned that nobody actually knows what the bottom-
line cost is. I need to hear today that VA has a grasp on this. 
The American taxpayers and veterans deserve transparency.
    Finally, I want to address a recent article in the 
Washington Post about VA's EHRM program. I believe this article 
highlighted real concerns from Department employees about the 
system, concerns expressed from a place of worry for patient 
safety and provider burnout. I wish the Department would take 
these concerns seriously and use that feedback in their change 
management efforts.
    I find it very troubling that the Department instead seems 
to be minimizing the concerns raised. Their framing of the 
story takes their usual tack: blame everything on the previous 
administration. I will be honest, I think there is plenty of 
blame to go around. Of course, it was the first Trump 
administration that rushed VA into a sole-source contract with 
Cerner before either was ready.
    Ultimately, we should not be pointing fingers. We need to 
have the difficult conversations to make sure that both Oracle 
and VA are accountable to Congress, to VA employees, and, most 
importantly, to veterans. We need to ensure that this new EHR 
supports VA's provision of world-class healthcare.
    Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and I yield back.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Ranking Member Budzinski.
    I will now introduce our witnesses. From the Department of 
Veteran Affairs, we have Dr. Neil Evans, acting program 
executive director of the Electronic Health Record 
Modernization Integration Office. Did I say that correctly, 
Doctor? All right, very good. From Oracle, we have Hon. Seema 
Verma, executive vice president and general manager of Oracle 
Health and Life Sciences. From the GAO, we have Ms. Carol 
Harris, a familiar face to this committee, the director of 
Information Technology (IT) and cybersecurity at GAO.
    I will ask the witnesses to please stand and raise your 
right hands. Well, your right hand.
    [Witnesses sworn.]
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. Let the record reflect that all 
witnesses have answered in the affirmative.
    Dr. Evans, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to deliver 
your opening statement on behalf of VA.

                    STATEMENT OF NEIL EVANS

    Dr. Evans. Thank you. Good afternoon, Chairman Barrett, 
Ranking Member Budzinski, and distinguished members of the 
subcommittee, including Mr. Luttrell. I want to begin by 
thanking Congress and this committee for the opportunity to 
testify today and for your continued support of VA's electronic 
health record modernization efforts. VA remains committed to 
successfully implementing a modern interoperable Electronic 
Health Record (EHR) system , which we refer to as the Federal 
EHR, and we intend to implement that across the entire VA 
enterprise.
    As was mentioned, since our last hearing in February, VA 
has made significant progress toward meeting that goal. In 
March, VA announced its plans to deploy the Federal EHR to nine 
additional VA medical centers and associated clinics in Ohio, 
Indiana, Kentucky, and Alaska by the end of calendar year 2026. 
Those were in addition to the four previously announced medical 
centers in Michigan slated for deployment, bringing the total 
number of planned deployment sites in 2026 to 13. That 
encompasses more than 100 physical locations, when clinics are 
considered in addition to the medical centers, and will involve 
transitioning more than 27,000 VA employees from Veterans 
Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VistA) 
to the Federal EHR in this coming year.
    In addition, we have begun deployment work at 7 additional 
facilities, with 19 more on the way, all with planned Go-Lives 
in 2027. Furthermore, as evidence of our commitment to full 
implementation of the system across the VA enterprise, we 
recently shared a schedule with this committee outlining our 
plans to complete deployments of the Federal EHR at all VA 
medical facilities as early as 2031.
    Based on lessons learned, VA will now be using a market-
based approach for deployments, with multiple medical centers 
working together and going live simultaneously in each 
deployment wave. This approach allows us to scale up the number 
of deployments, enhance efficiencies, and improve the sharing 
of best practices within and between markets.
    Now, I would like to bring our focus back to the near term. 
As was mentioned, we are only 117 days, less than 4 months, 
away from our planned Go-Lives in Michigan, and less than a 
year away from the remainder of our deployments across all of 
Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 10 and Alaska. The 
title that you chose for this hearing is apt: ``Ready, Set, Go-
Live.'' Teams at all the 2026 sites have been preparing 
diligently for upwards of a year. The gun has already gone off, 
Go-Live dates are imminent, and we are on track for successful 
deployments.
    Contributing significantly to VA's current momentum has 
been leadership ownership of this project at all levels of our 
organization, starting at the very top. Since assuming their 
roles, Secretary Collins and Deputy Secretary Lawrence have 
prioritized attention to this critical project and have taken 
significant steps to ensure that all stakeholders are aligned. 
Dr. Lawrence has been talking to site and VISN leaders weekly 
and has made multiple visits to sites scheduled for Go-Live in 
2026, where he has made it a priority to listen to fellow 
veterans and VA staff talk about their experiences and 
expectations, and to respond quickly when adjustments are 
needed. Just as important, leadership and staff at both the 
individual sites and the VISN level are encouraged by the 
program's direction and newfound momentum and are perhaps the 
most important drivers behind our current progress.
    As for the system itself, VA and Oracle Health have made 
significant strides in assuring the Federal EHR is performing 
reliably and meeting our expectations. As an example, as of 
November 19th, Oracle Health Systems within the Federal EHR 
maintained an incident-free time of 95.93 percent, exceeding 
our agreement of greater than 95 percent for 21 consecutive 
months. We are also delivering system enhancements, new 
features and system changes that are responsive to the feedback 
we are hearing from VA staff and are driving improved 
standardization across the enterprise.
    For example, I know we have often spoken about the system's 
pharmacy capabilities in this committee and we will be 
delivering seven further pharmacy improvements before our Go-
Lives in Michigan in April. As another example, we just 
released new system functionality called ``Seamless Exchange'' 
in September, reducing by more than 95 percent the volume of 
external data requiring manual review and reconciliation by VA 
clinicians.
    We are seeing evidence of the results of the change we have 
made. We continue to administer the Federal EHR User Experience 
Survey twice yearly and I am pleased that we have seen 
consistent improvement survey over survey. Ultimately, our goal 
is to deliver an EHR system that earns the trust of veterans, 
clinicians, and staff. That means a system that works 
efficiently, enhances care coordination, reduces administrative 
burden, and improves health outcomes for veterans.
    With the partnership of this Subcommittee, we look forward 
to continued and accelerated progress over the remainder of the 
119th Congress and beyond.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Neil Evans Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Dr. Evans. The written statement of 
Dr. Evans will be entered into the hearing record.
    Ms. Verma, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to deliver 
your opening statement on behalf of Oracle.

                    STATEMENT OF SEEMA VERMA

    Ms. Verma. Thank you. Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member----
    Mr. Barrett. Can you please use your----
    Ms. Verma. Oh, I am sorry.
    Mr. Barrett. Yes.
    Ms. Verma. Let us try again.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you.
    Ms. Verma. Good afternoon, Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member 
Budzinski, and members of the subcommittee. Thank you for the 
opportunity to speak with you today about Oracle's work with 
the VA's EHR Modernization Program.
    Since the last hearing, VA announced an accelerated 
deployment schedule that will complete the full implementation 
for all sites by 2031. Next year, the Federal EHR will go live 
at 13 sites and we are preparing to launch at 26 facilities in 
2027. I am pleased to report significant progress on the 
accelerated deployment plan and that Oracle is confident that 
we are prepared and fully aligned with the VA to meet this 
goal.
    Most importantly, leadership engagement and ownership for 
the EHR implementation has never been stronger. There is clear 
direction from the highest levels and a deep sense of 
accountability across all partners.
    We also want to recognize and commend VA leadership for 
their clear commitment to standardization across the 
enterprise. Their decisive leadership has strengthened the 
program and demonstrated a shared determination to deliver a 
unified, high-performing EHR for veterans.
    Overall system performance is strong, the system is stable 
and there is notable decrease in interruptions to end users. We 
have met or exceeded the 95 percent incident-free time 
requirement for 21 consecutive months and we have been free of 
any systemwide outages for 8 consecutive months. These 
improvements are a direct result of the coordinated effort 
between Oracle and VA. Together we have formalized our incident 
review process and implemented proactive monitoring and 
targeted upgrades.
    We have optimized the EHR to improve veteran health 
outcomes, enhance provider productivity, and strengthened 
financial performance results. With these optimizations, 
productivity has increased at all facilities and cash 
collections exceeded Fiscal Year 2025 goals, achieving 180 
percent of target.
    Last, as Dr. Evans referenced, we have expanded Seamless 
Exchange to all Federal EHR facilities. Seamless Exchange 
compiles and deduplicates patient data from multiple sources. 
This reduces the volume of external data that requires manual 
review and enables improved medical charting and decision-
making efficiency.
    Finally, we have strengthened every part of our deployment 
methodology with a focus on improving staff readiness. This 
includes enhanced training and change management, both virtual 
and in-person, that allows end users to not just learn about 
changes, but to actually try the system out in advance of Go-
Lives.
    We are modernizing the underlying infrastructure through 
the migration of the Federal EHR to Oracle's cloud. This move 
will not only provide better system performance and security, 
but will also allow VA to adopt modern tools, including our 
clinical Artificial Intelligence (AI) agent. The clinical AI 
agent reduces clinical burden and supports safer, more 
efficient care, all while ensuring the provider remains at the 
center of decision-making.
    Our work does not end here. With VA's commitment to a 
commercial solution, they will continue to benefit from 
Oracle's ongoing innovation, including our new Voice-First 
Ambulatory EHR, recently certified by U.S. Department of Health 
and Human Services (HHS). With this certification, ambulatory 
clinics across the United States, including the VA, can begin 
planning for the adoption of our transformative EHR. Unlike 
other EHRs, Oracle's was built from the ground up on a secure, 
modern cloud. This allows for streamlined clinical workflows 
and automation of manual tasks so providers can spend more time 
with patients.
    Oracle continues to lead on data interoperability. We have 
taken the White House Interoperability Pledge and have recently 
been designated as a Qualified Health Information Network, or 
QHIN, by HHS. This achievement will enable broader and more 
secure exchange of patient data records across disparate 
systems as veterans receive care from multiple sites and 
multiple providers. Our QHIN will streamline connectivity, 
enhance data accessibility, and help ensure that every care 
provider has timely, comprehensive information to support 
better outcomes for veterans everywhere.
    In closing, as we move into 2026, we are confident and 
prepared to deploy the Federal EHR under the accelerated 
deployment schedule. This will bring a unified health record to 
veterans, which we can all agree brings incredible opportunity 
to improve their experience with the VA and the health of our 
veterans.
    Thank you and I look forward to answering your questions.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Seema Verma Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Ms. Verma. The written statement of 
Ms. Verma will be entered into the hearing record.
    Ms. Harris, you are now recognized for 5 minutes to deliver 
your opening statement on behalf of the GAO.

                   STATEMENT OF CAROL HARRIS

    Ms. Harris. Thank you, Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member 
Budzinski, Congressman Luttrell. Thank you for inviting us to 
discuss the readiness of VA's EHRM program.
    In June 2017, the Department initiated this program to 
replace the legacy VistA system and has since deployed the new 
EHR to six of its medical centers at a cost of about $12.7 
billion. The rollout of the system has been met with poor user 
satisfaction, change management issues, and slow resolution of 
trouble tickets, among other things. Given the magnitude of 
user concerns, VA paused deployments in April 2023 to improve 
the system and address those concerns.
    On December 2024, VA announced it would resume deployment, 
starting with four Michigan sites in April. By the end of 2026, 
VA plans to complete another nine sites under an accelerated 
deployment schedule and roughly 170 more throughout the Nation 
by 2031.
    Over the past 5 years, we have issued five reports on VA's 
efforts to deploy its new EHR system. These reports describe 
actions taken by the Department and identify challenges with 
key planning tools critical for program oversight. We also 
reported on challenges experienced with the initial 
deployments, such as the ones I just noted.
    To address these challenges, we made 18 recommendations, 12 
of which we have marked as priority because of the critical 
impact they have on strengthening successful future 
deployments. While VA has taken action to address our 
recommendations, it has not fully implemented 16 of them. I 
will highlight the 12 priority recommendations here.
    The first two are that VA needs to produce an updated cost 
estimate and schedule. The latest independent cost estimate of 
roughly $50 billion does not reflect the many changes and 
delays to the program. I know you have said that they have 
provided you with an updated estimate of 37 billion. We have 
not received that estimate, and so I would ask the Department 
to provide that to us so we can review it. The updated estimate 
is imperative to understanding the full magnitude of VA's 
investment.
    We have also yet to see an updated integrated master 
schedule. Consequently, as the Department increases its 
momentum to complete 170 total site deployments by 2031, more 
information critical to controlling risks and informing 
congressional oversight is needed. Additionally, more work is 
needed to demonstrate results of VA's actions to address user 
concerns and system issues.
    In May 2023, we reported on gaps in VA's organizational 
change management activities for EHRM. We also reported that 
users expressed great dissatisfaction with the new system and 
that VA did not adequately identify and address those issues. 
We made 10 priority recommendations to address change 
management, user satisfaction, system trouble tickets, and 
independent operational assessment deficiencies. VA concurred 
with those recommendations, and, as of December 2025, VA has 
partially implemented 1 of the 10 priority recommendations and 
continues to work toward implementing the remaining 9.
    For example, VA partially implemented the recommendation to 
address users' barriers to change. To do so, VA developed plans 
to address user concerns about the new system identified in a 
strategic review of the program. However, VA has not yet 
adequately demonstrated that corresponding improvement projects 
have fully addressed underlying barriers.
    VA has also not yet approved and implemented a VA-specific 
change management strategy to formalize how it will improve the 
readiness of end users to adapt to working in the new EHR 
system. Further, VA has no plans to conduct an independent 
operational assessment or an Independent Verification and 
Validation (IV&V) test to determine whether the system is 
operationally suitable. Without an IV&V, the Department 
increases the risk of deploying the system prematurely, thereby 
posing unnecessary risks to patient health and safety.
    Moving forward, it will be critical for VA to address the 
12 priority recommendations along with the other 4 open ones as 
soon as possible. Until these are fully implemented, future 
deployments are at risk of prolonging challenges like those 
experienced in the initial deployments. Doing so will position 
VA to more effectively deliver a modern health record system 
our veterans deserve.
    That concludes my statement. I look forward to addressing 
your questions.

    [The Prepared Statement Of Carol Harris Appears In The 
Appendix]

    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Ms. Harris. The written statement 
of Ms. Harris will also be entered into the hearing record.
    We will now proceed to questioning. I will recognize myself 
for 5 minutes.
    Ms. Harris, thank you. You mentioned some of the cost-
associated considerations and concerns that are out there, what 
the true price tag of this is going to be. Dr. Evans, is this 
something that you can furnish through the Department over to 
the GAO for them to review that life cycle cost analysis?
    Dr. Evans. Yes, we provided that to this committee on 
September 30th and we certainly can provide it to the GAO.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay, appreciate that. Then, anecdotally, so I 
go to predominantly the Battle Creek VA Hospital near my 
district for most of my care, occasionally go to the Lansing 
Outpatient Clinic there. I will usually ask the folks that I 
interact with kind of their thoughts on this coming up. They 
are all well familiar with it. I mean, there are posters up, 
you cannot pull into the driveway of the hospital without 
seeing this announcement of the, you know, unrolling of a new 
electronic health record management system. I do not advertise 
to them the, you know, role that I have on this committee of 
oversight of this process. I will just kind of get their 
opinion as to how it is going.
    I would say it is not great. There is a bit of a mixed 
opinion. Some of them feel like they are not fully ready for 
the new system at this point. Dr. Evans, can you walk me 
through? I mean, I understand we are not going to train people 
on this prematurely, but do you have confidence, does the 
Department have confidence that the end user, the people that 
are actually interfacing with this program, are going to be 
well equipped to deal with it at the time that we go live?
    Dr. Evans. In short, yes, but let me give you some----
    Mr. Barrett. Yes.
    Dr. Evans [continuing]. comfort behind that answer. For the 
four sites in Michigan, we just completed last month super user 
training. Super users are folks who are in every department of 
the medical centers in Michigan, who will be the kind of 
experts in the Federal EHR for their peers. I think there was 
over 400 folks who went through super user training. I do not 
have the exact number here, but it is a sizable number. The 
super users are going to basically help the end users when they 
start their training. For the average user, so that is somebody 
who has not been selected as a super user, they start their 
training February 1st, so the beginning of February.
    With super user training, we have introduced a lot of 
changes to how we do training and how we support adoption for 
the Michigan Go-Lives. We had 96 percent of those we expected 
to complete super user training completed super user training. 
On average, they rated the classes four out of five. We had a 
lot of direct feedback that this was significantly better than 
the first time. For those who had gone through this before, 
before we paused at the Michigan sites, they said, yes, this 
has been much better.
    In addition for the super users we have added, and for all 
end users, something called learning labs. This was a success 
at Captain James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center (FHCC). 
Learning labs are when we finish classroom training or what 
is--well, it is delivered virtually, virtual instructor-led 
training. After that we do a learning lab which is where users 
can come together and practice using the system in the sandbox 
together with their colleagues and see exactly how it works.
    We had 13 scenarios at FHCC in North Chicago when we went 
live there, got a lot of great feedback about that. We have now 
built 98 scenarios and went through those learning labs with 
the super user, got a lot of great feedback about it. I would 
say that the end users should expect their confidence to start 
to grow as they get into training in February and learning labs 
in March.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Thank you.
    Then the Ms. Harris, the IV&V test that you pointed out, is 
that the one I think you had mentioned to me separately, that 
the kind of four parallel testing going on instead of 
sequential testing, is that part of the IV&V or is that a 
separate test that would be required?
    Ms. Harris. Well, given the change in the strategy for 
testing with this market-based approach where they are going to 
be basically simultaneously testing at four sites, it will make 
it more difficult to do an IV&V, which is that end-to-end test.
    Mr. Barrett. That is a separate then----
    Ms. Harris. Yes.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay.
    Ms. Harris. Yes.
    Mr. Barrett. Both are, in your opinion, complicating--could 
lead to significant risk?
    Ms. Harris. I do believe so. I think that the simultaneous 
testing at the four sites, it will take a tremendous amount of 
resources. To deal with the issues that come up inevitably with 
a Go-Live, to be able to handle it at all four sites 
simultaneously could be, you know, significantly risky for the 
Department.
    Mr. Barrett. Ms. Verma, when I get back to my next order of 
questions, I will have a question for you about that. 
Beforehand, I want to yield to Ranking Member Budzinski for 5 
minutes for her questions.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Dr. Evans, VA's plan to accelerate EHRM deployments will 
rely on sufficient--on having sufficient manpower. In the 
history of this program, the Program Office has never really 
been fully staffed. I have a couple quick questions. How many 
open positions do you currently have in the Program Office?
    Dr. Evans. Just over 100. That is also because we just had 
a new signed org chart which increased the number of positions 
that we are authorized to hire. We are now actively hiring to 
fill the additional positions that we have added to the Program 
Office docket.
    Ms. Budzinski. Your plan is to fill all of those positions 
then?
    Dr. Evans. Absolutely.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. How will your current staff levels be 
able to not only resume Go-Lives, but support for the four Go-
Lives at one time--but support up to four Go-Lives at one time? 
I guess that would be taking into account the hundred that you 
would be adding.
    Dr. Evans. Yes, we will be--we are--so we are actively 
hiring. In addition, at the sites that are going live, there is 
active hiring going on. There are 510 positions in recruitment. 
Actually, I think 163 of those folks are already on board at 
the sites that are going live to support operations locally. 
Plus, we are hiring in the Program Office. Then, of course, we 
have a significant amount of help from our contract partners, 
Oracle, Booz Allen, and Accenture Federal Services, as you just 
heard.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. You have significant hiring that needs 
to happen, though there are a lot of vacancies in the Program 
Office.
    Dr. Evans. There are vacancies in the Program Office in 
part because we are expanding the size of the Program Office. 
From the perspective of our ability to execute to the Go-Lives 
in April in Michigan, we are confident that our current 
staffing is sufficient to get us there.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Ms. Verma, the scope of what Oracle 
and VA are planning to do is almost unprecedented. The number 
of simultaneous Go-Lives and the time between the waves will 
require a massive pool of contractors to support all of these 
facilities, as Dr. Evans has mentioned. How is Oracle going to 
ensure that these people understand the system and the VA well 
enough to be helpful?
    Ms. Verma. Sure. First, I would say that Oracle does 
implementations all over the world for systems. You know, this 
amount and the number of sites is not unusual for Oracle as a 
worldwide company in terms of the deployments. That being said, 
we also continue to add more staff to our teams to make sure 
that we can scale with the deployments as well. I think this is 
not an unusual thing for our company. We feel very well 
prepared to deal with the expansions and the challenges of 
something of this scale.
    Ms. Budzinski. Can I just--drilling down just a little bit 
more beyond just having the bodies, the VA itself is unique in 
its mission and culture. When someone were to hit the ground, 
what is Oracle doing to make sure that that additional capacity 
understands the uniqueness of the VA and its challenges?
    Ms. Verma. Sure. Well, there are requirements around 
training, and then there are also some Federal certifications 
that are required as well. It is not like we interview somebody 
and put them on the ground. There is some training that happens 
internally, and then there are, also, like I said, the Federal 
certifications and some required training that the Federal 
Government requires as well around security as well as the 
specific needs around the VA.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Dr. Evans, as I mentioned in my 
opening, I have serious concerns about the Secretary's plan to 
eliminate 35,000 positions at VHA. In a Department that has 
been chronically understaffed, where veterans sometimes wait 
months for appointments, how can these cuts--how will these 
cuts impact your program?
    Dr. Evans. They will not. As I just mentioned, we are 
hiring additional staff at the sites where we are going live 
with the Federal EHR over the course of calendar year 2026, 510 
additional staff. Currently, recruitment is ongoing. I do not 
anticipate any issues.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Then just to go to the life cycle cost 
estimate questions, does the VA have a definition for life 
cycle cost estimate, Dr. Evans?
    Dr. Evans. What we provided to the committee was what we 
call a program cost estimate. It is the estimated cost for us 
to complete deployment of the Federal EHR across the enterprise 
by 2031 and to operate that Federal EHR. That is, to support, 
or what some might call sustainment, to support that EHR at the 
existing sites that have gone live. That cost estimate, that 
program cost estimate includes all money spent in the EHR 
appropriation to date and our estimate of what it will take to 
get to the finish line of finalizing deployment. Again, not 
just finalizing deployment, but finalizing deployment and 
supporting the operations across this timeline.
    Ms. Budzinski. Can I just interrupt? Does that break down 
then program versus contract expenditures, like the details, or 
is it just a top line number?
    Dr. Evans. It does. It does break down. We broke it down 
into four categories. One is implementation costs, so you can 
think of that as the cost to actually deploy the system. The 
second category being site and system operations. That in many 
ways is the cost of running the system, the hosting of the 
system, help desk support, the operational support. The third 
being infrastructure. I think we have talked about this in this 
committee before, that a significant part of the spend here has 
been an uplift of the IT infrastructure to support the new 
modernized EHR. That has sort of had to occur in parallel with 
the EHR rollout. Then the fourth we call office operations, but 
it is really the staff, both government staff and contract 
staff, necessary to deploy the EHR.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay, thanks.
    Mr. Barrett. All right. Thank you.
    Mr. Luttrell, recognized for 5 minutes.
    Mr. Luttrell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    Dr. Evans, what is the dollar sign on sustainment for this 
software once EHR is implemented in all 170 sites and running?
    Dr. Evans. I do not have a number for you that is specific 
to sustainment, but what I can tell you is that our estimate in 
the final year when it comes to system operations, which I 
mentioned----
    Mr. Luttrell. After 2031, moving forward, what are we going 
to have to pay for this?
    Dr. Evans. Yes, I would estimate it is--our, again, our 
estimate for the operations in the final year that we estimated 
was 2.1 billion.
    Mr. Luttrell. Annually?
    Dr. Evans. Correct.
    Mr. Luttrell. Ms. Verma, if we have four sites that are 
going to go live in April, I am sure Oracle's hovering over the 
top of those four sites. If those four sites going off of what 
Ms. Harris laid out for us, if those four sites fail, are other 
sites, will we continue to move forward and fire up those other 
sites? Or is it an all-stop evolution?
    Ms. Verma. I cannot speak exactly, you know----
    Mr. Luttrell. Oracle is not doing contingency planning on 
if these sites fail----
    Ms. Verma. First----
    Mr. Luttrell [continuing]. in 117 days?
    Ms. Verma. Yes. First off, I would say that we are focused 
on a successful deployment. We are doing----
    Mr. Luttrell. Are not we all?
    Ms. Verma [continuing]. everything we can to make sure that 
that happens: training and support, testing of the system, 
making sure that the teams are adequately supported. You heard 
about super users----
    Mr. Luttrell. Yes, ma'am. I got you. I am just worst-case 
scenario, that is the kind of guy I am, worst-case scenario, 
these four sites do not go like they should. What is the 
contingency plan that day?
    Ms. Verma. Well, you know, when something goes live and 
there is a deployment, there are teams in place, there is 
elbow-to-elbow support. We have war rooms. If there is an issue 
that is going on, we are rapidly able to assess what the 
problem is and fix it.
    The other thing that over the last few years we have been 
doing a number of optimization projects. Right? You heard about 
our capability block updates?
    Mr. Luttrell. No, I got it. Yes, ma'am. If those four sites 
fail, is Oracle going to continue to move on the other sites 
that need to be activated or is it----
    Ms. Verma. Yes, that is a decision I think that we would 
discuss with the VA and figure out the appropriate course. Like 
I said----
    Mr. Luttrell. We have not had that discussion yet?
    Ms. Verma. We have not had that discussion. Our discussions 
are focused on successful implementations. Because of the 
previous experiences, right, we have gone through a number of 
deployments, there has been a lot of lessons learned. If we 
look at the past deployment that we had at Chicago, again, that 
went very well and we continue to learn, we continue to do 
upgrades. In these last few upgrades as well as in Chicago, 
those have gone successfully well. We have no reason to believe 
that there would be a total failure of the system because we 
have not seen that in our--you know, the last few projects. 
Whether it is our optimization projects or the Go-Live at 
Chicago.
    Mr. Luttrell. Well, I hope, you know, I hope that does not 
happen. We have been waiting 10 years for this thing to work 
correctly. Just from my experiences in the past, if you are not 
contingency planning on the worst-case scenario when it shows 
up, we are in a lot of trouble. Fair enough?
    How are the sites chosen? We have these four in Michigan 
that are being activated. We had Chicago earlier. We have six 
sites online, if I am reading this correctly. How are the 
specific sites? Is there connectivity currently between sites 
that we are going live on so it is an easier lift? Then the 
sites that are kind of expanded out in like where I live, they 
are going to be the last ones to get a shot at it? Mr. Evans?
    Dr. Evans. Yes, I can answer that. Let me just--I will 
answer that question about how the sites are selected. I want 
to quickly correct the record on your sustainment cost 
question. I do not have a definitive estimate for the cost. 
What I was giving you there was the potential cost of 
operations. We do not have the sort of nailed down number for 
what it is going to cost yearly.
    Mr. Luttrell. Well, I appreciate you saying that because 
eventually the Secretary is going to have to come back to the 
committee and ask for a substantial amount of money to sustain 
the EHR.
    Dr. Evans. Correct.
    Mr. Luttrell. I mean, we are almost 50 billion into it and 
it is not even working.
    Dr. Evans. Right.
    Mr. Luttrell. That is going to be a very interesting 
conversation.
    Dr. Evans. Right. There will be--and part of that 
conversation is also what money comes off the books as we do 
not have to sustain, you know, legacy technology that we will 
be able to shut down at that point in time.
    Coming back to how sites were selected, we started, we 
spent a lot of time looking together to say what sites have the 
highest level of readiness to move forward? Part of that was 
based on where we had already made investments. The sites that 
are the earliest sites in our schedule that we provided to you 
through 2031 were the sites where oftentimes we had started 
deployment activities and we had already made an investment and 
we could save resources essentially by getting restarted there 
earlier. We had already done the infrastructure upgrades at 
those sites. We were ready to roll.
    We chose to move forward, as I mentioned, with a market-
based approach. One of the things that we have learned, lessons 
learned, is that it is better for sites in a region to all be 
using the same electronic health record. That is, if you take a 
look in Michigan, there are a lot of interdependencies between 
the VAs there. You look at Ann Arbor as an example. I think it 
is more than 20 percent of the patients they see in Ann Arbor 
have a primary care provider elsewhere in Michigan, for 
example, in Battle Creek or Saginaw, and come there for 
specialty care. Having those sites on the same----
    Mr. Luttrell. Mr. Chairman, can he keep going? Is it Okay?
    Mr. Barrett. Yes, I will allow you to finish the question.
    Mr. Luttrell. Thank you.
    Dr. Evans. Same electronic health record allows us to have 
some efficiencies. We were looking by market, going one VISN at 
a time. We are going to complete by the end of 2026, VISN 10 
and then we will go to VISN 12 and 23 and beyond from that 
based on the schedule.
    Mr. Barrett. All right, thank you. I am going to recognize 
myself for 5 minutes for another round of questioning.
    Ms. Harris, I started to ask you about the kind of 
simultaneous testing that is going on, that is, you know, the 
GAO has raised as a concern. Ms. Verma, what do you feel is a 
counterpoint to that? What can you do to convince me and the 
GAO that doing this in a simultaneous fashion is the 
appropriate way to do it without just hitting a deadline for a 
date, without thinking through the risks associated with it?
    Ms. Verma. Sure. Well, first of all, we strongly support, 
you know, robust testing. That is an important part of an 
implementation. When you do testing, that is when you may see 
things that you did not anticipate. Agreed that it is a very 
important part of an overall deployment.
    I think it is important to recognize in this situation is 
that the system is live in six sites today. Since we have 
implemented in those six sites, we have also done a number of 
optimization projects. In--when we do those optimization 
projects, we go through a big process of testing the system. We 
do that with the VA. Then what we have also more recently 
implemented is that instead of waiting till the end to do 
testing, we kind of do it on an ongoing basis. We show them the 
optimization work. I think we have had very strong robust 
testing. We feel confident that the system that we have in 
place around testing is working. There have been improvements.
    I think an IV&V vendor at this point would just add to 
costs and not necessarily add anything new. We have had now 
successful implementations through our optimization work that 
shows that the testing is working. There are times when we have 
done testing, we have picked up things, we have delayed in some 
cases when we realized we needed----
    Mr. Barrett. Right.
    Ms. Verma [continuing]. to spend more time on it. I think 
at this point, the IV&V vendor is----
    Mr. Barrett. Laying aside the IV&V, just doing all four 
sites simultaneously instead of one after another does increase 
the risk if something is discovered that needs action. Correct? 
Increases the risk of potential problems, would it not?
    Ms. Verma. Right. This is more of a scale issue. When we 
know we have four sites, we make sure that there are adequate 
teams on the ground to do elbow testing. We also have a war 
room so that our teams are actively monitoring what is going on 
on the ground.
    Mr. Barrett. Right. That is when it goes live, correct, 
not----
    Ms. Verma. Not even before that. Even before that. Right? 
That is when Dr. Evans and I spoke about hiring enough staff to 
make sure that we can scale so that we are testing, we are 
supporting those sites as that is going on. It is just a matter 
of scale. The process is the same around testing, around 
training, around supporting. It is just a matter of having 
enough staff to do it. This is a----
    Mr. Barrett. Each of these are very unique in their 
application. Each of these VA hospitals, they are not----
    Ms. Verma. Correct.
    Mr. Barrett [continuing]. you know, cookie-cutter stamped 
out. These are very, very customized to their unique situation. 
Doing them all four together, to me, elevates the risk that 
there is going to be problems that arise or issues that are 
overlooked, or we are batching these all together and then we 
are going to have them all go live nearly simultaneously 
without a lot of, you know, without a lot of consideration for 
what happens if, as Mr. Luttrell pointed out. I think those are 
the things that we have to bear in mind.
    You know, not to discredit what you are saying, but it 
feels like a lot of that is, you know, we have these things 
and, you know, we are a big company and we can do that. I do 
not think that Oracle has had a project like the one that the 
VA is undertaking right now. Would you agree with that?
    Ms. Verma. I think we feel very confident that we can do 
this and we can do it at more than one site at a time.
    Mr. Barrett. I would expect and hope that you would be 
confident in it, for sure, but.
    Ms. Verma. We are very confident. We feel very confident in 
doing that. I agree with you that every VA is different, which 
is why we have had teams on the ground. It is not like we are 
turning on the system quickly. We have been in these sites, we 
have been doing assessments of the site so we can understand 
what they have on the ground, what are the differences between 
each site. We have a plan for each site, and we have adequate 
staff and support for each of those sites.
    Mr. Barrett. Ms. Harris, do you feel like these commitments 
by Oracle are satisfactory to the overall concerns that the GAO 
raise?
    Ms. Harris. I mean, in taking a look at the previous 
history of the initial six sites, particularly in the five, I 
mean, when they went live, Oracle Cerner did have a difficult 
time in addressing those ticket--resolving those tickets in a 
timely manner. I know that they did a lot of streamlining in 
that process so that they would be able to meet their 
contractual marks for completing or resolving those tickets, 
you know, against their contractual obligations.
    I think, again, when you are doing it for simultaneous 
ones, I mean, there is a tremendous amount of resources that 
are going to go toward ensuring, for example, that ticket 
resolution is done, you know, under the contractual obligation. 
That alone, I think, is very risky. It is going to take a 
tremendous amount of resources that I am not quite sure is 
sustainable for multiple sites at once.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Last question. Is that something that 
was at the request of the VA or Oracle to do these four 
simultaneously?
    Dr. Evans. If I may.
    Mr. Barrett. Either one of you. Go ahead, Doctor.
    Dr. Evans. Yes. It was VA. VA asked to do this. I would say 
I would like to kind of take us back a step. One of the parts 
that we have talked about in this committee that is super 
important for us to succeed is to standardize our workflows. 
One of the things we have done over the last year is establish 
very clearly what the Federal EHR baseline is.
    As a reminder, this system is one instance, one system to 
support all of these medical centers. Part of being--locking 
down a baseline will actually streamline our ability to do 
testing because some of that variation that you are mentioning 
from one site to the next becomes less and testing becomes much 
easier at scale when you are testing against a standardized set 
of workflows and a standard baseline.
    The other--the second thing is that we are--you know, as 
our----
    Mr. Barrett. Sorry, I got to yield to the ranking member. 
We will come back for more questions, time permitting.
    Ranking Member Budzinski is recognized for 5 minutes.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you. I actually just want to pick up 
on some of your questions about readiness. I was curious, Dr. 
Evans, because I think you and Ms. Verma have talked a lot, 
pointed to North Chicago as the example of how--of readiness. I 
am curious of how well the readiness is going there and the 
development since its Go-Live. That is a unique case, as we 
know, though, because that was with U.S. Department of Defense 
(DOD). Can you speak, though, to the other sites that have 
already gone live as well and just, you know, what is happening 
at those sites as it relates to readiness?
    Dr. Evans. Sure. At the sites other than FHCC, which are in 
Spokane, Walla Walla, Roseburg, White City, and then also 
Columbus, Ohio, I would say overall we have--we are tracking 
numerous metrics at those sites. You heard Ms. Verma mention 
about the revenue capture. We are doing very well with regard 
to appropriate revenue capture. Productivity at all sites at 
Roseburg has returned to greater than the 2019 pre-pandemic 
baseline productivity.
    We continue to hold a problem management forum with live 
site representatives every single day, every single workday 
where issues are surfaced, we address those. We have done a lot 
of work to work down the ticketing backlog for significant 
change requests, reduced that by well over 40 percent, and are 
being quite responsive to the sites with their needs. Frankly, 
they can escalate anything any day at our 10 a.m. meeting.
    We are seeing definite improved operations with the EHR at 
those original five sites. At FHCC, likewise, it is pretty 
similar performance.
    Ms. Budzinski. Can I just ask, on those sites, how are you 
measuring then productivity and how it has changed at those 
sites?
    Dr. Evans. For the productivity at those sites we are 
looking at something called Relative Value Units (RVU), which 
is a mechanism, it is an industry standard for measuring 
productivity. It is captured through billing encounters or 
encounters that sort of capture the documentation or the work 
that was done at the time of visit. We look at RVUs per 
provider.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. I would like to shift to Ms. Harris. 
We talked about the testing. I also just wanted to circle back 
to your testimony about the GAO recommendations more broadly 
that are still open. What do you think are some of the most 
concerning of those that are still open today?
    Ms. Harris. I think one of the most concerning ones is 
change management. VA still has yet to have an approved 
informal policy in place there. As part of change management, 
there is training as well. When you take a look at the first 
five sites as well as FHCC, those are vendor-led trainings. At 
all of those sites they have--the feedback has been that those 
vendor-led trainings had failed to prepare them for their 
specific roles and workflows. I think it is important for VA to 
take a more leader--to take the leadership role in that 
training. Again, we have those open recommendations there. That 
is vitally important.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Dr. Evans, in addition to those 
recommendations that Ms. Harris identified, I think there are 
28 open from VA's inspector general as well. What is the plan 
and timeline to close them?
    Dr. Evans. With regard to the GAO recommendations, we take, 
of course, all of the GAO recommendations seriously. Of the 17 
open GAO recommendations, I do want to highlight that for 8 of 
those, nearly half of those, VA has made very significant 
progress. GAO has asked to keep those recommendations open 
until after we get past some of these initial Go-Lives in 
Michigan specifically.
    For example, there is an open recommendation about making 
sure that our contractor staff and the VA is using the right 
terminology. This was a recommendation from 2020. We fully 
implemented that recommendation. GAO asked us to wait to see 
how things go in Michigan to close that recommendation.
    Ms. Budzinski. Can I just interrupt? I am running out of 
time. Ms. Harris, would you agree with that? I did note that 
some of the recommendations do say partial, but many of them 
just still say open. Is there more to the story from what Dr. 
Evans is saying?
    Ms. Harris. There has been action taken on many of the 
recommendations, for sure. The one that Dr. Evans noted is not 
one that we do consider to be priority. It is important, of 
course, but certainly all 12 of our priority recommendations, 
those are still--the majority of them is not in the situation 
that he had mentioned. However, I will say they have done work, 
but we do need to hold some of those open to ensure that the 
actions that they have taken are effective, because we will see 
those results at Michigan.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. I yield back.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you.
    Mr. Luttrell, for 5 minutes, sir.
    Mr. Luttrell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    The six active systems say that the system itself has 
proven difficult to use and is not well-suited for VA 
workforce--workflow, excuse me. Staff have reported slow 
performance, excessive clicks, data loss, and a cumbersome 
documentation process. All six facilities that implemented the 
new system have faced increased workloads due to workaround 
processes, burnout, staffing shortages. The report goes on 
about talking--speaking on because of the weight of the 
implementation of this, morale is down.
    There have been system updates. There has been a 
standardization and readiness improvements, and the user 
experience apparently went from 7 percent in 1922 to 33 percent 
in 1925. These are the six sites that are currently working 
under the system, Oracle system, and you are about to add four 
more.
    Mr. Evans, you said in your previous statement that all 
the--you are doing Michigan because Michigan is the same. We 
are going to do Washington because Washington is the same. You 
come down to Texas, Texas is Texas. Now, if you have these 
particular sites that are having these issues, you are going to 
add these other sites on board that are different, and then you 
are going to try to complete the entire system. That is an 
extremely heavy weight.
    I am curious, Ms. Verma or Dr. Evans, what does that even 
look like? If the current system does not work effectively at 
33 percent and we are about to add 4 next year or 4 in April, 
and then what is the number in 2027, please?
    Dr. Evans. Twenty-six sites.
    Mr. Luttrell. Twenty-six in 2027. You see where I am going 
with this? Walk me through it.
    Dr. Evans. I do. First of all, I think we have--just to 
give you a sense for the change, over the course of the reset 
we were introducing--we introduced over 1,500 functional 
changes, that is changes responsive to end users, where end 
users said, hey, the system needs to work better in the 
following way.
    Mr. Luttrell. Just on these six sites, the active sites.
    Dr. Evans. At the six sites, 1,500 changes over the course 
of the reset. That was more than 50 changes on average a week 
that we were introducing responsive to their feedback. That is 
not--beyond that, thousands of other changes that were 
introduced as part of block upgrades, which are platform 
upgrades, where Oracle's improvements to their base platform 
are being introduced to the VA, there has been a significant 
amount of improvements to the user experience.
    I think the data that you were quoting, the 33 percent, is 
from our end user experience survey. You know, I believe that 
we are seeing direct line improvement. That is as we pay 
attention to end users, as we address the change requests in a 
standardized way at the national level that is responsive to 
our clinical communities, and as we deliver those in a way 
that, as Ms. Harris mentioned, is rolled out in a way where 
users feel supported, where they get adequate communication, 
where they get training to the changes, we are seeing 
confidence improve. Now, it is not where I want it to be, but 
we are seeing confidence improve at the six live sites.
    Mr. Luttrell. Are the four active sites in Michigan, this 
implementation, has this been handed off to them, so you will 
not be surprised when something like this populates after they 
go active 117 days? They are not going to say, hopefully not, I 
should not--I am not going to call it a mistake, but they are 
not going to have the same issues that the current sites are 
having because everything that we have learned off the current 
six sites has been pushed over to the four sites are going to 
go active in April?
    Dr. Evans. That is correct. All of the improvements that 
the six sites--that we have learned from the six sites and, 
frankly, from our lessons learned working with the DOD and 
working with Oracle and commercial customers about what best 
practices are, all of that value will be delivered to Michigan.
    Mr. Luttrell. Hopefully.
    Dr. Evans. Yes, it will.
    Mr. Luttrell. I yield, sir.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Mr. Luttrell. I will recognize 
myself for another 5 minutes.
    I know this issue of change management and everything is 
difficult. Dr. Evans, I think I shared with you that I think as 
a classification, physicians tend to be a little bit stubborn. 
I think you agreed with me. Then I think physicians within the 
VA might be a particularly stubborn bunch. With that being the 
case and laying that aside, who is ultimately responsible for 
that change management? Is it Oracle, is it VA, or is it 
Accenture? Like, who is responsible for that part of this?
    Dr. Evans. I mean, at the end of the day, VA is 
responsible. This is our healthcare system. This is the VA 
healthcare system. This is our project to implement a new 
electronic health record.
    One of the things that we--as we during--you know, as we 
sort of sat before we started to accelerate deployments, we 
said we need a new change management strategy. We worked that 
out. One of the big pieces of that is that it is VA leaders 
standing in front of their peers that kick off this process. We 
introduced a new event. It is the Change Leadership Team, 
Executive Leadership Team onboarding event. We do it in every 
market. It is led by VA leaders who are speaking as peers to 
their staff to say, this is what the change will feel like. 
This is what it is going to be.
    I can own a little bit of stubbornness as a primary care 
provider in VA, as you pointed out, but I will say this, my 
experience is that VA clinicians, they circle around the 
veteran. If you are delivering a better experience to the 
veteran, that is a worthwhile change to adopt. Part of this is 
building a real sense of the why. Why is there value in us 
coming together around a single electronic health record that 
supports veterans wherever they are, where the care surrounds 
the veterans, regardless of what physical geographical location 
they walk into in a VA? I am not seeing objections from our 
clinical staff or our administrative staff when they understand 
that why and when they are adequately supported.
    We own it, VA owns it. I am very grateful as well for the 
contractors who are supporting us in executing that change 
management tasking.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Then the surveys that you are 
undertaking, you know, Mr. Luttrell pointed out you guys went 
from 7 percent to 33 percent. Congratulations, you are more 
popular than Congress finally. With that being the case, do you 
feel the survey methodology is accurate or is it one of those 
things that tends to attract more negative response bias?
    Dr. Evans. Yes, it is a good question. We get about 20 
percent participation in the surveys on average when we send 
them out twice a year. That is actually a good response rate 
for a survey with when we are asking busy folks in the medical 
centers to take their time out to do the survey.
    Point number two, the survey methodology, the survey 
questions that we use are a standardized set of questions used 
by many healthcare systems, both in the private sector as well 
as in the Federal Government and are comparable with the DOD. 
Those questions, I do believe that they are robust questions 
that we can learn from and from which we can look at other 
health systems that have engaged in a similar transition and 
track our progress accordingly.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Do you feel that VA end users, as they 
are being trained on this, have adequate, you know, authority 
to raise their concerns without feeling like they are being--
you know, that there is going to be not punishment, but just, 
you know----
    Dr. Evans. Absolutely. I mean, it is an anonymous survey. 
We expect----
    Mr. Barrett. Yes.
    Dr. Evans [continuing]. complete honesty on the survey.
    Mr. Barrett. Okay. Switching briefly, because I have only 
got about 1 minute left. I know we talked, Ms. Verma, a little 
bit about some of the pharmacy-related implementation and 
things like that being a unique role that the VA has and some 
of the drug interaction pieces. I guess, where do you see 
Oracle integrating into this to make sure that we can resolve 
that going forward for the understandably unique way that the 
VA does the pharmacy role?
    Ms. Verma. Sure, and you are absolutely right. Right? We 
are taking an off-the-shelf solution and bringing it to the VA, 
and the VA has some very specific and unique needs. I think 
that there has been some points that we have implemented or 
some projects that we have implemented that have really 
upscaled the level of safety, things like opioid prescribing. 
We have also improved communication between pharmacies and the 
providers if a drug's not available, to have that conversation 
so that they make sure that what is being prescribed is 
available. We are seeing some definite improvements. We are 
seeing some providers out there that have a level of 
productivity to pre-deployment.
    That being said, I think we would recognize that we--that 
this is an area of continued focus where we want to make sure 
that we have adequate training. We also sent--you know, our 
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) went to go visit one of the 
centers and specifically looked at pharmacy because we do know 
that this is going to be something that we are going to 
continue to improve.
    I think we have made progress. I would also acknowledge 
that this is an area that we continue to focus on at the 
highest levels of Oracle and we continue to make improvements 
and we have conversations about this on an ongoing basis.
    One of the things that I really appreciate the leadership 
doing----
    Mr. Barrett. I am going to have to cut you off in just a 
second. I apologize.
    Ranking Member Budzinski for 5 minutes.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you. Ms. Verma, Oracle has been 
touting its effort to build a new EHR. I think you have gone as 
far as to say that Cerner's EHR is equivalent to crumbling 
infrastructure. Is this crumbling infrastructure the product 
that is being deployed at VA?
    Ms. Verma. We are making improvements to the Cerner system 
that is being implemented in the VA. We took the Cerner system. 
You have heard about all the different optimization projects 
that we are doing. We are also introducing a lot of AI agents 
that will sit on top of the Cerner system to help it, you know, 
to help it provide, you know, the best experience for providers 
on the front lines.
    Ms. Budzinski. How much of this is informed by lessons 
learned at the VA?
    Ms. Verma. I think a lot of it is informed by lessons 
learned. One of the things that we appreciate is that the 
leadership today is very active in terms of visiting the sites, 
seeking input from providers and understanding what are the 
pain points, and then communicating it to us. We meet very 
frequently with the VA, almost every 2 weeks, there are weekly 
meetings with the Secretary. In those meetings we are 
identifying where are there opportunities for optimization?
    We have executed on a lot of these projects. You have heard 
of the capability block updates that we have been doing. Those 
represent the optimization projects and I think that is why we 
are starting to see better results in terms of the experience 
of providers. I think the sentiment overall is increasing as 
well in terms of the positivity.
    Ms. Budzinski. We have spent a lot of time today talking 
about cost, and I am just curious how you would respond, you 
know, hearing this, is this going to all lead us down the path 
of additional cost from Oracle's perspective?
    Ms. Verma. Yes, so I have not reviewed any of the new 
estimates that have come out, but I think that is something 
that we are very cognizant of with--of cost. I think that some 
of the more recent changes that we have made, the first one I 
would say is the standardization. You know, having a system 
where you had six different sites requesting different types of 
changes, those kinds of things contribute to increased cost. We 
are very excited about the changes that we have heard about in 
terms of moving to standardization. That is going to make the 
cost more predictable and more sustainable.
    That being said, it is always, you know, foremost on our 
minds. This is why Oracle agreed to move the Federal system to 
our cloud to make sure that we had, you know, greater security 
and performance. We are doing that at our cost as well. We 
advise the VA. One of the things that we really advocated for 
was the standardization because we also knew that not being 
standard would contribute to increased costs.
    I think the pause in and of itself has not helped in terms 
of cost because you are maintaining two systems. Moving forward 
I think will also help make sure that we are using taxpayer 
dollars appropriately and efficiently.
    Ms. Budzinski. You have talked a little bit about in your 
testimony, obviously, AI. Is AI capability included in VA's 
contract with Oracle and is there additional cost to that?
    Ms. Verma. It depends on which AI agent. There is not a one 
size fits all approach. We are bringing the brand new EHR to 
the VA. We are not charging for that, you know, new ambulatory 
system, but there are--there will be some AI agents that are 
included inside the EHR and there are some that are additional, 
and the VA will have to assess those and decide which ones that 
they want to use.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Ms. Harris, can I just ask you, in 
your testimony, you had flagged, we were talking about the 
overall cost in the beginning of this hearing, and I did not--I 
wanted to get to you, but could you--I think you had flagged 
some concerns around that number, the 37 billion. Could you 
speak to that?
    Ms. Harris. Yes. Well, we have not seen the 37 billion 
number. As soon as our office receives that, we will, you know, 
certainly do a deep scrub of that and then get back to you on 
that. I will say the independent cost estimate that is out 
there is--the total life cycle cost is roughly $49.8 billion, 
so roughly $50 billion. You know, we are going to have to go 
through the differences.
    That number also is outdated because it does not reflect 
the changes in the delays, including the pause. That is also 
something that we will have to take a look at, but we will 
certainly do a comparison there of that.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Thank you, when you get that.
    Ms. Verma, if I could just ask again, going back to Oracle 
Health Software and specifically the veterans' data, is it 
being used to train the AI that Oracle will use for its 
commercial clients?
    Ms. Verma. Absolutely not. We do not have any data rights, 
so we do not use that data to train our models. No.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Will VA receive credits of some sort 
for the benefit Oracle has derived from the information?
    Ms. Verma. We do not use their information for any of our 
training for AI models.
    Ms. Budzinski. Okay. Okay. Ms. Harris, your testimony 
indicated the VA has not instituted plans to conduct an 
independent operations assessment to evaluate the suitability 
and effectiveness of Oracle's EHR. We have been contemplating 
the need for such an evaluation. What do you think this should 
entail and what do you think should--who should conduct it?
    Ms. Harris. Yes. I think that given this approach to go 
live at four sites at Michigan, once that takes place, I think 
that there should be an IV&V after that looking at all four 
sites to do that systematic cataloging of those defects, and it 
should be an independent third party that goes in and does that 
review.
    Again, I cannot stress enough the reason why Military 
Health System (MHS) GENESIS was so successful in their 
deployments, you know, we have spent a lot of time with them. A 
large part of that was because of the IV&V test that they 
performed.
    Mr. Barrett. Sorry. Thank you very much.
    Mr. Luttrell, for 5 minutes. Then we will do closing.
    Mr. Luttrell. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
    The VA did not--Dr. Evans, I do not know how long you have 
been in the VA, but I was curious, we did not negotiate into 
our contract with Oracle any kind of AI footprint? What I heard 
her say is we are just going to get to the baseline. This is 
like when my 8-year-old comes up and wants to buy a video game. 
Hey, we can get the baseline model. Then when you are inside, 
you got to buy everything else to get it where it needs to be. 
It kind of sounds like where we are at. You do not have to 
answer that question. I just wanted to say that out loud.
    We have six sites that are currently on Oracle. Right, Ms. 
Verma? The rest, 160-plus, are still on, what, VistA, Dr. 
Evans? We have spent roughly about a billion dollars on 
software across the board. Correct? Some of the VA facilities 
use software that other VA facilities do not use. Some have the 
highest level of software advancements inside their facilities 
and some do not. We have to pay for it all, whether or not we 
even use it or not. Like my little facility in Conroe, Texas, 
still uses some software that helps VistA, but DeBakey does 
not, but we still have to fund the whole thing and it is almost 
a billion dollars if I am correct. I may be off on that, but I 
think it is almost a billion dollars.
    Ms. Verma, when Oracle activates on every single site, do 
we have the ability to tell everybody else, hey, we do not need 
you anymore? I think your button is off.
    Ms. Verma. Yes, Okay. I think it is going to depend on 
every site. My----
    Mr. Luttrell. No, it cannot depend on every site----
    Ms. Verma. Well----
    Mr. Luttrell [continuing]. because the whole purpose of us 
doing this with you guys is that every site is the same.
    Ms. Verma. Yes. My----
    Mr. Luttrell. It says that multiple times.
    Ms. Verma. Yes. My expectation would be that with a new 
Oracle EHR that they should be able to use our system and that 
should address the needs that they have. I do not know 
whether--you know, every single site and what they have, but I 
would anticipate that this EHR with the standardization that we 
are bringing, that it should be able to meet the needs of any 
hospital or clinic across the country.
    Mr. Luttrell. I hope so for $50 billion. We are going to 
have to have a conversation with everybody saying, hey, look, 
we implemented this at $50 billion, plus the dollar sign, Dr. 
Evans, of what sustainment looks like. Then, hopefully, at the 
end of the day, we do not have to say we have to continue to 
pay for everything that is in VistA because we already have it 
in the system and then we are going to pay for Oracle on top of 
it. Are we going to have to have that conversation?
    Ms. Harris, what do you think about that? Does that sound 
reasonable? This is kind of the math problem I am drawing out 
in my head, but it is where we are. The slide deck that they 
brought to my office 1 day, it shows every single software that 
we pay for. We have one software program that only one VA uses 
and we still pay for it because they have to have it for some 
reason.
    What do you think about that, Dr. Evans?
    Dr. Evans. I think that you are--this is a very important 
point. As we move forward, the Federal EHR, think of that as 
the operating system for the hospital, will be the same at all 
hospitals. Not all hospitals offer the same clinical services. 
For example, we are going live in Michigan. For the first time 
we will be implementing Radiation Oncology. There is some 
unique software that is necessary to support a radiation 
oncology clinic and operation that will not be needed at every 
site.
    One of the real advantages, one of the reasons why, when 
you hear me and us and VA talk about what we call the Federal 
EHR baseline, we think that is so important, is because we are 
going--we are publishing, it is published right now on our 
website, these are the software systems that we will support 
and can support connected to the Federal EHR. By definition, it 
also means there are those that we will not support.
    Mr. Luttrell. Every system that we have in place currently, 
once Oracle activates in all sites, they are going to come 
running to you guys and say, you have to use this?
    Dr. Evans. Well, again----
    Mr. Luttrell. We are already here.
    Dr. Evans. No, no, we are making the decisions now as we go 
from site to site around what the standard is going to be.
    Mr. Luttrell. I am sorry, I am still under the impression 
that every site is going to be the same.
    Dr. Evans. Not every site has the same clinical services.
    Mr. Luttrell. I understand that.
    Dr. Evans. When we go to a site----
    Mr. Luttrell. Every site can have what Oracle is populating 
and the 6 sites that have are active and 4 sites are coming up 
and the 27 next year will be the exact same. Correct? I have 
that in my little satellite campus in Conroe.
    Dr. Evans. I will give you an example. Bedside monitors, 
when you walk into an intensive care unit, the thing that is 
hanging up above the bed with the Electrocardiogram (EKG) on 
it.
    Mr. Luttrell. Yes, sir.
    Dr. Evans. That is not a core part of the electronic health 
record. That is a biomedical device. It has software that runs 
it that we will need to plug into the electronic health record. 
One of the ways we will be able to manage cost is by 
standardizing which of those devices we can support. It should 
be a limited number in order to be able to manage the EHR in a 
more cost effective way across the enterprise.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you. I apologize, we are up against a 
bit of a hard stop for the committee. We are going to move on 
to closing statements.
    Okay. I will go to Ranking Member Budzinski for her closing 
statement first.
    Ms. Budzinski. Thank you, Mr. Chair. Thank you.
    I agree that we need to give veterans and VA employees the 
modern tools that the new EHR can offer. Those tools have to 
work for the VA, and I just do not believe that we are there 
yet. I do not want to be a pessimist, but I do not feel like I 
am leaving this hearing having my mind changed on this point.
    Dr. Evans and Ms. Verma are quick to point out that the new 
administration is driving increased momentum and leadership 
involvement in the project. I am concerned that the 
administration's involvement is only moving the program forward 
faster, not better. There are so many recommendations from the 
GAO and the Inspector General, as well as Congress, that will 
continue to sit unheeded. I have no confidence that the next 
round of Go-Lives is going to be any better than the last.
    I would implore Secretary Collins and the Trump 
administration to pay attention to their own words and put the 
veterans at the center of everything. Anything else puts the 
health and safety of our veterans at risk.
    Thank you and I yield back.
    Mr. Barrett. Thank you, Ranking Member Budzinski.
    I was actually voted most optimistic of my high school 
graduating class. Mostly because I thought it was the Lions' 
year every year. Again, we find ourselves on the edge of not 
even making the playoffs perhaps.
    In my old age, I have moved from an optimist to more of a 
realist. I think the issue before our committee is what is the 
real assessment of where we are at and what we need to do to 
prepare going forward. I think a healthy amount of question, 
concern, and even a little bit of skepticism is appropriate for 
our committee to feel given the past performance of how this 
has gone and what we need to be prepared for.
    I can tell you with candor what I will not accept if we 
fast-forward the tape 117 days from today is if things do not 
go well and do not go as necessary to protect the health and 
benefit and welfare of the veterans that we serve, is finger-
pointing and blame between, you know, various different 
vendors, the Department, and who had what, and musical chairs 
as to where things land.
    This committee, our work here is not going to tolerate 
that. If there are differences between opinions as to what 
needs to take place, I encourage you to resolve those. If you 
need help from this committee to do that, I am very willing to 
be the person to step into that role and, with the ranking 
member, to assist in doing that. We need to absolutely make 
sure that we have a no-fail mindset going into this Go-Live 117 
days from today.
    When I was at my last appointment in Battle Creek for a 
physical, they sent a follow up that was a few months into the 
future, and it happened to land on the week that this Go-Live 
is. You know, I am comparing my session calendar with when I 
can be back home. I am like, well, I am available on this date. 
They are like, oh, no, we are getting a new electronic health 
record system. We hare not scheduling appointments on that day.
    I know that they are taking it seriously. I just want to 
make sure that the tools are going to be there for the end 
user, the practitioners, the doctors, the medical assistants, 
the nurses, and all the other various people involved in this 
from front to back are going to be ready for this as it comes 
up. I am hopeful and encouraged that you pointed out the super 
users have begun getting their training now, but then the more, 
you know, rudimentary kind of day-to-day users are going to be 
getting that and at a point that is appropriate for them.
    I have concerns about the, you know, simultaneous testing 
going on, as we pointed out in the questioning, and I want to 
make sure that that is done appropriately. I think there are 
questions that the committee has that are still unresolved and 
a few more that Mr. Luttrell raised as well.
    We want to be partners in this, not antagonists. We do not 
want to slow you down. We do want to maintain the appropriate 
level of accountability to make sure that this goes as well as 
we need it to.
    With that, I think I have some disclaimers I got to say 
here at the end. I ask unanimous consent that all members have 
5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and 
include extraneous material. Without objection, so ordered.
    With that, this hearing is adjourned.
    [Whereupon, at 4:26 p.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.]



      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
      
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                         A  P  P  E  N  D  I  X

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                    Prepared Statements of Witnesses

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                    Prepared Statement of Neil Evans

    Good afternoon, Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member Budzinski, and 
distinguished Members of the Subcommittee. Thank you for the 
opportunity to testify today about the initiative of the Department of 
Veterans Affairs (VA) to modernize its electronic health record (EHR) 
system.
    I want to begin by thanking Congress and this Committee for your 
shared commitment to Veterans and for your continued support of the VA 
Electronic Health Record Modernization (EHRM) efforts. VA is committed 
to successfully implementing a modernized, interoperable Federal EHR 
system across its enterprise. Implementation of the Federal EHR system 
will facilitate unprecedented ease of transition from Department of War 
(DoW) to VA and quality of care coordination between the agencies. VA's 
focus is keeping Veterans at the center of everything we do. Veterans 
deserve high-quality health care, which means health care that is 
timely, safe, Veteran-centric, evidence-based, and efficient. The EHR 
is, and will remain, a key enabler of VA's ability to deliver the 
comprehensive health care Veterans deserve.
    The Federal EHR will provide a framework for improved enterprise 
standardization of evidence-based health care delivery, positively 
impacting patient care quality and safety. The Federal EHR will support 
simpler integration of other modern health information technologies and 
infrastructure to provide a more coordinated experience for VA staff 
and clinicians as they care for Veterans. The modernized EHR will also 
support improved interoperability with the rest of the American health 
care system. In addition, the adoption of a single system used by VA 
and DoW will help simplify health care delivery for providers in both 
Departments, benefiting patients who receive care in both systems or 
who are transitioning from DoW to VA for care.
    Since our last hearing in February 2025, VA has continued to build 
on previous milestones to achieve the mission objectives set for the 
EHRM program. In March, VA announced its intention to deploy the 
Federal EHR to nine sites in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and Alaska by the 
end of calendar year 2026, in addition to four previously announced 
sites in Michigan. This brings the total sites to go live in calendar 
year 2026 to 13, with all sites in Veterans Integrated Service Network 
(VISN) 10 going live by the end of calendar year 2026, supporting 
better coordinated care across the entire regional network. VA aims to 
complete deployment of the Federal EHR to all VA medical facilities as 
early as 2031.
    VA closed out Fiscal Year (FY) 2025 on target in meeting deployment 
activity milestones to ensure timely go-lives in 2026. Based on the 
lessons learned from our prior VISNs 20, 10, and 12 deployments, VA is 
using a market-based approach for future deployments to scale up the 
number of concurrent deployments, enable staff to work more 
efficiently, and increase the sharing of best practices by frontline 
staff and the Federal EHR community. Training schedules and course 
loads were adjusted to better support end-users and patient scheduling. 
VA also provided Congress with an updated long-term cost estimate for 
the EHRM program, along with a timeline for deployments through 2031. 
To demonstrate VA's commitment to successfully meeting that timeline 
within the expected cost, we have augmented our team by contracting a 
systems integrator to help coordinate deployment activities. We have 
always relied on the expertise of our government contractors. We need 
their functional and technical expertise and resources, working 
together with the government, to execute our programmatic goals and 
deliver on VA's promise to our Veterans.
    VA has made significant strides in stabilizing its systems, with 
improved performance metrics demonstrating system reliability. As of 
November 19, 2025, Oracle Health-owned systems maintained an incident-
free time (IFT) of 95.93 percent, exceeding the Service Level Agreement 
(SLA) requirement of 95 percent consistently for 21 consecutive months. 
Ten of the 12 months in Fiscal Year 2025 were free of any system-wide 
outages. At the conclusion of Fiscal Year 2025, the system had 
experienced more than 200 consecutive days without any outages.
    The momentum demonstrated this year can be attributed to increased 
VA leadership involvement under this new Administration. Since assuming 
their roles, Secretary Collins and Deputy Secretary Lawrence have 
prioritized attention to this critical project and have taken 
significant steps to assure alignment across all stakeholders in 
support of the accelerated implementation of the system in support of 
Veterans. Dr. Lawrence has been talking to site and VISN leaders weekly 
and making multiple visits per month to sites set to go live with the 
system in 2026, making it a priority to listen to fellow Veterans talk 
about their experiences and expectations. During visits across 
Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana, he has met with executive leadership 
teams, change leadership teams, super users, and frontline clinicians 
to discuss preparations for the 2026 deployments and to review how 
recent improvements have helped frontline staff. While these visits are 
ongoing and will continue, the feedback has been positive. Leadership 
and staff at both the individual sites and the VISN level are 
encouraged by the program's direction and newfound momentum and are 
confident in this administration's path forward.
    VA has continued to listen to and engage with Veterans and 
clinicians about their experience with the Federal EHR, and is seeing 
meaningful success with deployments, according to results of the most 
recent Federal EHR User Experience survey completed in Spring 2025. For 
the first time since the survey's inception, at least half of survey 
respondents felt positive about some aspects of the Federal EHR system. 
On November 21, 2025, we completed our Fall 2025 survey and look 
forward to sharing those results when they are available.
    VA is continuing to move forward with a modern, commercial EHR 
solution in close coordination with our Federal partners, including DoW 
and the Federal Electronic Health Record Modernization office. This new 
Federal EHR system will empower Veterans to receive care that is more 
seamlessly coordinated across the enterprise. It will help providers 
more holistically understand injuries or illnesses that Veterans 
suffered years ago, so that they can provide those Veterans with the 
best possible care today. It has the potential to further streamline VA 
operations and most importantly, it will improve the Veteran 
experience.
    Ultimately, our goal is to deliver an EHR system that earns the 
trust of Veterans, clinicians, and staff. This means a system that 
works efficiently, enhances care coordination, reduces administrative 
burden, and will improve health outcomes for Veterans. We are not 
simply continuing business as usual; we are committed to getting this 
right. The responsibility we carry is immense, and we will not rest 
until this system delivers what our Veterans and providers truly need. 
With the activities and improvements that are now underway, VA leaders 
are optimistic about the success of our Federal EHR system optimization 
efforts and the eventual full implementation of the system throughout 
VA.
    With the partnership of this Subcommittee, we look forward to 
continued and accelerated progress implementing the Federal EHR across 
VA over the remainder of the 119th Congress and beyond. We are only 117 
days away from our planned go-lives in Ann Arbor, Battle Creek, 
Detroit, and Saginaw, Michigan, with many more sites following quickly 
thereafter.
    This concludes our testimony. We look forward to responding to any 
questions that you may have.

                   Prepared Statement of Seema Verma
                   
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]


                   Prepared Statement of Carol Harris
                   
[GRAPHIC(S) NOT AVAILABLE IN TIFF FORMAT]                   



                       Statements for the Record

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               Prepared Statement of The American Legion

    Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member Budzinski, and distinguished 
members of the subcommittee, on behalf of National Commander Dan K. 
Wiley and more than 1.5 million dues-paying members of The American 
Legion, we thank you for the opportunity to offer our statement for the 
record on the Department of Veterans' Affairs' modernization efforts.
    The American Legion is guided by active Legionnaires who dedicate 
their time and resources to serve veterans, service members, their 
families, and caregivers. As a resolution-based organization, our 
positions are directed by over 106 years of advocacy and resolutions 
that originate at the grassroots level of our organization. Every time 
The American Legion testifies, we offer a direct voice from the veteran 
community to Congress.
    As the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) resumes 
rollout of the Electronic Health Record Modernization (EHRM) program it 
is important to note that the VA began the EHRM program to make 
critically needed updates to the VA's software systems. VA's current 
electronic health record (EHR), the Veterans Health Information Systems 
and Technology Architecture (VistA), is extremely outdated and simply 
cannot serve current or future veteran needs.
    Though the name VistA was adopted by VA in 1994, the system itself 
can date its origins back to 1977.\1\ While it was a triumph of its 
age, this decades-old system lacks many modern features available to 
civilian hospitals. The VA's new EHRM, Oracle Cerner Millennium, is 
intended to bring new, modern capabilities to the VA such as more 
accurate and faster tracking and identifying of potential health risks, 
scheduling features that would improve on wait times, and a seamless 
experience across different hospitals and departments.\2\ The EHRM 
program, as intended, will provide veterans with an easily updated 
health record that follows a veteran for life, from the time of their 
service in the Department of War (DOW) through their time in VA 
healthcare. The American Legion strongly supports these goals.\3\
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    \1\ Allen, Arthur. n.d. ``A 40-Year `Conspiracy' at the VA.'' The 
Agenda. Politico.com. https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/03/
vista-computer-history-va-conspiracy-000367/.  Unless otherwise noted, 
all cited hyperlinks accessed March 28, 2023.
    \2\ Communication, IT Strategic. 2022. ``What Veterans Need to Know 
about How VA's Health Record System Is Changing--VA EHR 
Modernization.'' Digital.va.gov. July 21, 2022. https://digital.va.gov/
ehr-modernization/resources/fact-sheets/what-veterans-need-to-know-
about-how-vas-health-record-system-is-changing/.
    \3\ ``Resolution No. 83: Virtual Lifetime Electronic Record.'' 
2016. https://archive.legion.org/node/329.; ``Resolution No. 12: 
Implementation of the MISSION Act.'' 2022. https://archive.legion.org/
node/14050.
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    However, the rollout has not gone as intended. The deployment of 
this new system began in 2020 at Mann-Grandstaff VA Medical Center in 
Spokane, WA, and was almost immediately inundated with issues.\4\ 
Several of these issues were severe, such as veteran data being 
migrated to the new system with outdated prescriptions and emergency 
contact information, or dropping prescriptions altogether. Problems 
with further rollout sites led to the program being put on pause in 
April 2023, with one exception allowing for a rollout to the Captain 
James A. Lovell Federal Health Care Center (FHCC) in Chicago, Illinois.
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    \4\ VA OIG Details Continued Deficiencies with VA's EHRM.'' n.d. 
www.meritalk.com. https://www.meritalk.com/articles/va-oig-details-
continued-deficiencies-with-vas-ehrm/.
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    The American Legion visited the Lovell FHCC in August 2025 to 
review how the facility has adopted and implemented the new electronic 
health record system. The results we saw reflected a marked improvement 
from prior rollout experiences at other locations. Facility staff 
reported zero instances of critical harm, and no veterans' health 
seriously affected due to problems resulting from the rollout. Staff 
further reported that VA had provided ample staff to assist with the 
rollout, complemented by Oracle employees who spent significant time at 
the facility assisting with the process. All the departments with which 
we spoke to reported being generally pleased with the new software, and 
the facility has since been able to return to near-normal staffing 
levels. TAL is hopeful that Lovell FHCC's successes can be duplicated 
in future rollouts.
    Staff at the Lovell FHCC reported that the software itself has 
significantly improved operations at the facility. Medication ordering 
systems are tied together so, for example, once a pharmacist scans out 
a medicine, the logistics team is immediately informed so that they can 
order more. Tasks take fewer clicks than with the previous system, 
reducing the amount of time to perform routine functions. Total patient 
records from every medical center department are immediately available 
at a single click. These and many more updates to the system help 
Lovell FHCC provide the world-class, modern healthcare that veterans 
have earned.
    For these successes to be duplicated, it is critical that 
facilities with upcoming rollouts are provided with the same level of 
support, training, and oversight. Specifically, VA and Oracle must 
commit increased facility staffing during rollouts similar to the 
levels provided to Lovell FHCC during the transition. Software changes 
led to planned and unforeseen complications, and the increased staffing 
helped ensure that veteran health and safety was not lost in the 
change-management process. A lack of adequate vendor support from 
Oracle would undermine the VA staff's ability to properly do their 
jobs, potentially risk lives, and any system downtimes could force 
staff to rely on time-consuming paper records, slowing processes to a 
crawl and impacting health and safety. When this happened during 
previous rollouts veterans were directly harmed, including six veteran 
deaths in Spokane, WA.\5\ Lovell FHCC's successful roll-out shows that 
adequate staffing and preparation by the vendor and by VA are necessary 
and will lead to success. The American Legion National Staff routinely 
attends briefings from Oracle to track progress, and we have been 
assured the Millennium EHR deployment at new sites will not face the 
same difficulties and setbacks as at the first six sites. Oracle has 
committed to the necessary investments needed to ensure the deployment 
of the EHR at new sites will be more stable. Also, the system has 
extensive updates, enhancements, and simplifications to improve 
usability. Oracle report targeted EHR optimizations, designed to 
address VA's unique needs in the areas most critical for a successful 
expansion. TAL urges Congress, VA, and Oracle to ensure adequate 
staffing augmentation and robust technical support for all future 
deployments in order to duplicate the successes seen at Lovell FHCC.
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    \5\ Donovan Smith and Desmond Butler, Orion. ``VA Staff Flag 
Dangerous Errors Ahead of New Health Records Expansion.'' 
Spokesman.com, December 3, 2025. https://www.spokesman.com/stories/
2025/dec/03/va-staff-flag-dangerous-errors-ahead-of-new-health/.
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    The American Legion's position and outlook on the upcoming EHRM 
rollouts remains positive. The rollout at Lovell FHCC was an overall 
success, but VA and Oracle must heed the important lessons learned 
there and put them to future use. Absent the same level of preparation 
given to Lovell FHCC, future EHR rollouts should not be expected to 
achieve comparable results. Oracle must strengthen all aspects of their 
deployment methodology, with a deliberate emphasis on improving staff 
readiness. Significant improvements must be made in testing and 
aligning Change Management (CM) through increased training and 
communications.
    Similarly, VAMC leadership must take ownership of the EHR 
deployment at their sites, while continued oversight from Congress and 
stakeholders remains essential, particularly as EHRM rollouts 
accelerate. TAL urges Congress to conduct regular oversight hearings 
with Oracle and VA stakeholders to ensure transparent, ongoing updates 
throughout the deployment process.
    Chairman Barrett, Ranking Member Budzinski, and distinguished 
members of the subcommittee, The American Legion thanks you for your 
leadership on this matter and for allowing us the opportunity to 
explain the position of our more than 1.5 million members. The American 
Legion stands ready to work with the subcommittee on changes as they 
develop, and we look forward to sharing the feedback we receive from 
our membership. For 106 years, The American Legion has never shied away 
from the responsibility of being a voice for veterans, and we will not 
start now. For additional information regarding this testimony, please 
contact Ms. Bailey Bishop at The American Legion's Legislative Division 
at [email protected].

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